-- Begin file 3 of 10: D and E (Version 0.4 of)
An electronic field-marked version of:
Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary
Version published 1913
by the C. & G. Merriam Co.
Springfield, Mass
Under the direction of
Noah Porter, D.D., LL.D.
This version is copyrighted (C) 1996 by MICRA, Inc. of
Plainfield, NJ.
This electronic version may be used freely for personal use
or for research, and may be freely distributed provided that the
entire set of files are copied, and the headers and copyright
notices are not deleted.
The inclusion of more than one per cent of the text of this
dictionary in a product for sale requires the express written
permission of MICRA Inc. Sale of entire copies, including all
headers and copyright notices, will not be considered a violation
of this provision, if the sale price is not more than twice the
cost of distribution.
This version is only a first typing, and has numerous
typographic errors, including errors in the field-marks.
Assistance in bringing this dictionary to a more accurate and
useful state will greatly appreciated.
This electronic dictionary is made available as a potential
starting point for development of a modern comprehensive
encyclopedic dictionary, by the efforts of all individuals
willing to help build a large and freely available knowledge
base. Anyone willing to assist in any way in constructing such a
knowledge base should contact:
Patrick Cassidy cassidy@micra.com
735 Belvidere Ave. Office: (908)668-5252
Plainfield, NJ 07062
(908) 561-3416
-->
<-- p. 364 -->
D.
D (?) 1. The fourth letter of the
English alphabet, and a vocal consonent. The English letter is
from Latin, which is from Greek, which took it from Phoenician,
the probable ultimate origin being Egyptian. It is related most
nearly to t and th; as, Eng.
deep, G. tief; Eng. daughter, G.
tochter, Gr. /, Skr. duhitr. See
Guide to Pronunciation,
2. (Mus.) The nominal of the second tone
in the model major scale (that in C), or of the fourth tone in
the relative minor scale of C (that in A minor), or of the key
tone in the relative minor of F.
3. As a numeral D stands for 500. in this use it is
not the initial of any word, or even strictly a letter, but one
half of the sign / (or / ) the original Tuscan numeral for
1000.
Dab (?), n. [Perh. corrupted
fr. adept.] A skillful hand; a dabster; an
expert. [Colloq.]
One excels at a plan or the titlepage, another works away at
the body of the book, and the therd is a dab at an
index.
Goldsmith.
Dab, n. [Perh. so named from its
quickness in diving beneath the sand. Cf.
Dabchick.] (Zo\'94l.) A name given
to several species of /ounders, esp. to the European spesies,
Pleuronectes /imanda. TheAmerican rough dab is
Hippoglossoides platessoides.
Dab (?), v. i. [imp.
& p.p. Dabbed (?); p.pr.&
vb.n. Dabbing.] [OE.
dabben to strice; akin to OD. dabben to
pinch, knead, fumble, dabble, and perh. to G. tappen
to grope.] 1. To strike or touch gently, as
with a soft or moist substance; to tap; hence, to besmear with a
dabber.
A sore should . . . be wiped . . . only by dabbing
it over with fine lint.
S. Sharp.
2. To strike by a thrust; to hit with a sudden blow
or thrust. \'bdTo dab him in the neck.\'b8
Sir T. More.
Dab (?), n. 1. A
gentle blow with the hand or some soft substance; a sudden blow
or hit; a peck.
Astratch of her clame, a dab of her beack.
Hawthorne.
2. A small mass of anything soft or moist.
Dabb (?), n. (Zo\'94l.)
A large, spine-tailed lizard (Uromastix
spinipes), found in Egypt, Arabia, and Palestine; -- called
also dhobb, and
dhabb.
Dab"ber (?), n. That with which
one dabs; hence, a pad or other device used by printers,
engravers, etc., as for dabbing type or engraved plates with
ink.
Dab"ble (?), v. t.
[imp.&p.p Dabbled (?);
p.pr.&vb.n. Dabbling
(?).] [Freq. of dab: cf. OD.
dabbelen.] To wet by little dips or
strokes; to spatter; to sprinkle; to moisten; to wet.
\'bdBright hair dabbled in blood.\'b8
Shak.
Dab"le, v. i. 1. To play in
water, as with the hands; to paddle or splash in mud or
water.
Wher the duck dabbles /mid the rustling
sedge.
Wordsworth.
2. To work in slight or superficial manner; to do
in a small way; to tamper; to meddle.
\'bdDabbling here and there with the text.\'b8
Atterbury.
During the ferst year at Dumfries, Burns for the ferst time
began to dabble in politics.
J. C. Shairp.
Dab"bler (?), n. 1.
One who dabbles.
2. One who dips slightly into anything; a
superficial meddler. \'bdour dabblers in
politics.\'b8
Swift.
Dab"bling*ly (?), adv. In a
dabbling manner.
Dab"chick` (?), n. [For
dabchick. See Dap, Dip, cf.
Dipchick.] (Zo\'94l.) A small
water bird (Podilymbus podiceps), allied to the
grebes, remarkable for its quickness in diving; -- called also
dapchick, dobchick,
dipchick, didapper,
dobber, devil-diver,
hell-diver, and pied-billed
grebe.
\'d8Da*boi"a (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) A large and highly venomous Asiatic
viper (Daboia xanthica).
Dab"ster, n. [Cf. Dab an
expert.] One who is skilled; a master of his business;
a proficient; an adept. [Colloq.]
dabbler;
as, \'bdI am but a dabster with gentle art.\'b8
\'d8Da`ca"po (?). [It., from [the] head or
beginning.] (Mus.) From the beginning; a
direction to return to, and end with, the first strain; --
indicated by the letters D. C. Also, the strain so
repeated.
Dace (?), n. [Written also
dare, dart, fr. F. dard dase,
dart, of German origin. Dace is for an older
darce, fr. an OF. nom. darz. See
Dart a javelin.] (Zo\'94l.) A
small European cyprinoid fish (Squalius leuciscus or
Leuciscus vulgaris); -- called also
dare.
Squalius, Minnilus,
etc. The black-nosed dace is Rhinichthys atronasus the
horned dace is Semotilus corporalis. For red dace, see
Redfin.
\'d8Dachs"hund` (?), n. [G.,
from dachs badger + hund dog.]
(Zo\'94l.) One of a breed of small dogs with
short crooked legs, and long body; -- called also badger
dog. There are two kinds, the rough-haired and the
smooth-haired.
Da"cian (?), a. Of or
pertaining to Dacia or the Dacians. -- n.
A native of ancient Dacia.
Da*coit"y (?), n. The practice
of gang robbery in India; robbery committed by dacoits.
Da*co"tahs (?), n. pl.; sing.
Dacotan (/).
(Ethnol.) Same as Dacotas.
Longfellow.
Dac"tyl (?), n. [L.
dactylus, Gr. / a finger, a dactyl. Cf.
Digit.] 1. (Pros.) A
poetical foot of three sylables (\'f5 \'de \'de), one long
followed by two short, or one accented followed by two
unaccented; as, L. t\'89gm, E.
mer"ciful; -- so called from the similarity of its
arrangement to that of the joints of a finger.
[Written also dactyle.]
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A finger or
toe; a digit. (b) The claw or terminal joint
of a leg of an insect or crustacean.
Dac"tyl*ar (?), a. 1.
Pertaining to dactyl; dactylic.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to a
finger or toe, or to the claw of an insect crustacean.
Dac"tyl*et (?), n.
[Dactyl + /et.] A
dactyl. [Obs.]
Dac*tyl"ic (?), a. [L.
dactylicus, Gr. /, fr.
/.] Pertaining to, consisting chiefly or
wholly of, dactyls; as, dactylic verses.
Dac*tyl"ic, n. 1. A line
consisting chiefly or wholly of dactyls; as, these lines are
dactylics.
2. pl. Dactylic meters.
Dac-tyl"i*o*glyph (?), n. [Gr.
/ an engraver of gems; / finger ring
(fr. / finger) + / to engrave.]
(Fine Arts) (a) An engraver of gems for
rings and other ornaments. (b) The
inscription of the engraver's name on a finger ring or gem.
Dac*tyl`i*og"ly*phi (?), n. The
art or process of gem engraving.
Dac*tyl`i*og"ra*phy (?), n.
[Gr. / finger ring +
/graphy.] (Fine Arts) (a)
The art of writing or engraving upon gems.
(b) In general, the literature or history of the
art.
Dac*tyl`i* ol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr.
/ finger ring + /logy.]
(Fine Arts) (a) That branch of
arch\'91ology which has to do with gem engraving.
(b) That branch of arch\'91ology which has to do
with finger rings.
Dac*tyl"i*o*man`cy (?), n. [Gr.
dakty`lios + -mancy.] Divination
by means of finger rings.
Dac"tyl*ist (?), n. A writer of
dactylic verse.
\'d8Dac`tyl*i"tis (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / finger + -itis.]
(Med.) An inflammatory affection of the
fingers.
Gross.
Dac`tyl*i"tis (?), n. [Gr.
/ finger + -logy.] The art of
communicating ideas by certai movement and positions of the
fingers; -- a method of conversing practiced by the deaf and
dumb.
onehand alphabet (which was perfected by Abb\'82 de
l'Ep\'82e, who died in 1789), and the two/hand
alphabet. The latter was probably based on the manual alphabet
published by George Dalgarus of Aberdeen, in 1680. See
Illustration in Appendix.
Dac*tyl"o*man`cy (?), n.
Dactylio mancy. [R.]
Am. Cyc.
Dac`tyl*on"o*my (?), n. [Gr.
/ finger + / law, distribution.]
The art of numbering or counting by the fingers.
Dac`tyl*op"ter*ous (?), a. [Gr.
/ finger + / wing, fin.]
(Zo\'94l.) Having the inferior rays of the
pectoral fins partially or entirely free, as in the
gurnards.
\'d8Dac`ty*lo*the"ca (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / finger, toe + /
case, box.] (Zo\'94l.) The scaly covering
of the toes, as in birds.
Dac`tyl*o*zo"oid (?), n. [Gr.
/ finger + E. zooid.]
(Zo\'94l.) A kind of zooid of Siphonophora which
has an elongated or even vermiform body, with one tentacle, but
no mouth. See Siphonophora.
Dad (?), n. [Prob. of Celtic
origin; cf. Ir. daid, Gael. daidein, W.
tad, OL. /, /, Skr.
t\'beta.] Father; -- a word sometimes used
by children.
I was never so bethumped withwords,
Since I first called my brother's father dad.
Shak.
Dad"le (?), v. i.
[imp. & p.p. Daddled (?),
p.pr. & vb.n. Daddling.]
[Prob. freq. of dade.] To toddle; to
walk unsteadily, like a child or an old man; hence, to do
anything slowly or feebly.
Dad"dock (?), n. [Cf. Prov. E.
dad a large piece.] The rotten body of a
tree. [Prov. Eng.]
Wright.
Dad"dy (?), n. Diminutive of
Dad.
Dryden.
Dad"dy long"legs` (?). 1.
(Zo\'94l.) An arachnidan of the genus
Phalangium, and allied genera, having a small body and
four pairs of long legs; -- called also
harvestman, carter, and
grandfather longlegs.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A name applied to many
species of dipterous insects of the genus Tipula, and
allied genera, with slender bodies, and very long, slender legs;
the crane fly; -- called also father
longlegs.
Dade (?), v. t. [Of. uncertain
origin. Cf. Dandle, Daddle.] To hold
up by leading strings or by the hand, as a child while he
toddles. [Obs.]
Little children when they learn to go
By painful mothers daded to and fro.
Drayton.
Dade, v. i. To walk unsteadily, as a
child in leading strings, or just learning to walk; to move
slowly. [Obs.]
No sooner taught to dade, but from their mother
trip.
Drayton.
Da"do (?), n.; pl.
Dadoes (#). [It. dado
die, cube, pedestal; of the same origin as E. die,
n. See Die, n.]
(Arch.) (a) That part of a pedestal
included between the base and the cornice (or surbase); the die.
See Illust. of Column. Hence:
(b) In any wall, that part of the basement included
between the base and the base course. See Base
course, under Base. (c) In
interior decoration, the lower part of the wall of an apartment
when adorned with moldings, or otherwise specially
decorated.
{ D\'91"dal (?), D\'91*dal"ian
(?) }, a. [L. daedalus
cunningly wrought, fr. Gr. /; cf. / to
work cunningly. The word also alludes to the mythical D\'91dalus
(Gr. /, lit., the cunning worker).]
1. Cunningly or ingeniously formed or working;
skillful; artistic; ingenious.
Our bodies decked in our d\'91dalian arms.
Chapman.
The d\'91dal hand of Nature.
J. Philips.
The doth the d\'91dal earth throw forth to thee,
Out of her fruitful, abundant flowers.
Spenser.
2. Crafty; deceitful. [R.]
Keats.
D\'91d"a*lous (?), a.
(Bot.) Having a variously cut or incised margin;
-- said of leaves.
D\'91"mon (?), n.,
D\'91*mon"ic (/), a.
See Demon, Demonic.
Daff (?), v. t. [Cf.
Doff.] To cast aside; to put off; to
doff. [Obs.]
Canst thou so daff me? Thou hast killed my
child.
Shak.
Daff, n. [See Daft.]
A stupid, blockish fellow; a numskull.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Daff (?), v. i. To act
foolishly; to be foolish or sportive; to toy.
[Scot.]
Jamieson.
Daff, v. t. To daunt. [Prov.
Eng.]
Grose.
Daf"fo*dil (?), n. [OE.
affodylle, prop., the asphodel, fr. LL.
affodillus (cf. D. affodille or OF.
asphodile, aphodille, F.
asphod\'8ale), L. asphodelus, fr. Gr.
/. The initial d in English is not
satisfactorily explained. See Asphodel.]
(Bot.) (a) A plant of the genus
Asphodelus. (b) A plant of the
genus Narcissus (N. Pseudo-narcissus). It
has a bulbous root and beautiful flowers, usually of a yellow
hue. Called also daffodilly,
daffadilly, daffadowndilly,
daffydowndilly, etc.
With damasc roses and daffadowndillies set.
Spenser.
Strow me the ground with daffadowndillies,
And cowslips, and kingcups, and loved lilies.
Spenser.
A college gown
That clad her like an April Daffodilly.
Tennyson
And chance-sown daffodil.
Whittier.
Daft (?), a. [OE.
daft, deft, deft, stupid; prob.
the same word as E. deft. See Deft.]
1. Stupid; folish; idiotic; also, delirious;
insance; as, he has gone daft.
Let us think no more of this daft business
Sir W. Scott.
2. Gay; playful; frolicsome.
[Scot.]
Jamieson.
Daft"ness, n. The quality of being
daft.
Dag (?), n. [Cf. F.
dague, LL. daga, D. dagge (fr.
French); all prob. fr. Celtic; Cf. Gael. dag a pistol,
Armor. dag dagger, W. dager,
dagr, Ir. daigear. Cf.
Dagger.] 1. A dagger; a
poniard. [Obs.]
Johnson.
2. A large pistol formerly used.
[Obs.]
The Spaniards discharged their dags, and hurt
some.
Foxe.
A sort of pistol, called dag, was used about the
same time as hand guns and harquebuts.
Grose.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The unbrunched antler of a
young deer.
Dag, n. [Of Scand. origin; cf. Sw.
dagg, Icel. d\'94gg. Dew.] A misty shower; dew.
[Obs.]
Dag, n. [OE. dagge (cf.
Dagger); or cf. AS. d\'beg what is
dangling.] A loose end; a dangling shred.
Daglocks, clotted locks hanging in dags or jags at
a sheep's tail.
Wedgwood.
Dag, v. t. [1, from Dag dew. 2,
from Dag a loose end.] 1. To daggle
or bemire. [Prov. Eng.]
Johnson.
2. To cut into jags or points; to slash; as, to
dag a garment. [Obs.]
Wright.
Dag, v. i. To be misty; to
drizzle. [Prov. Eng.]
Dag"ger (?), n. [Cf. OE.
daggen to pierce, F. daguer. See
Dag a dagger.] 1. A short weapon
used for stabbing. This is the general term: cf.
Poniard, Stiletto, Bowie knife,
Dirk, Misericorde, Anlace.
2. (Print.) A mark of reference in the
form of a dagger [obelisk.
Dagger moth (Zo\'94l.), any moth of
the genus Apatalea. The larv\'91 are often destructive
to the foliage of fruit trees, etc. -- Dagger of
lath, the wooden weapon given to the Vice in the old
Moralities. Shak. -- Double dagger,
a mark of reference [ -- To look, ,
daggers, to look or speak fiercely or
reproachfully.
Dag"ger, v. t. To pierce with a dagger;
to stab. [Obs.]
Dag"ger, n. [Perh. from
diagonal.] A timber placed diagonally in a
ship's frame.
Knight.
Dagges (?), n. pl. [OE. See
Dag a loose end.] An ornamental cutting of
the edges of garments, introduced about a. d. 1346,
according to the Chronicles of St Albans.
[Obs.]
Halliwell.
Dag"gle (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Daggled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Daggling
(?).] [Freq. of dag, v. t.,
1.] To trail, so as to wet or befoul; to make wet and
limp; to moisten.
The warrior's very plume, I say,
Was daggled by the dashing spray.
Sir W. Scott.
Dag"gle, v. i. To run, go, or trail
one's self through water, mud, or slush; to draggle.
Nor, like a puppy [have I] daggled through the
town.
Pope.
{ Dag"gle-tail` (?),
Dag"gle-tailed` (?), } a.
Having the lower ends of garments defiled by trailing in
mire or filth; draggle-tailed.
Dag"gle-tail` (?), n. A
slovenly woman; a slattern; a draggle-tail.
Dag"lock` (?), n.
[Dag a loose and + lock.] A
dirty or clotted lock of wool on a sheep; a taglock.
Da"go (?), n.; pl.
Dagos (#). [Cf. Sp.
Diego, E. James.] A nickname given to a
person of Spanish (or, by extension, Portuguese or Italian)
descent. [U. S.]
\'d8Da*go"ba (?), n.
[Singhalese d\'begoba.] A dome-shaped
structure built over relics of Buddha or some Buddhist
saint. [East Indies]
Da"gon (?), [Heb. D\'begon, fr.
dag a fish: cf. Gr. /.] The
national god of the Philistines, represented with the face and
hands and upper part of a man, and the tail of a fish.
W. Smith.
This day a solemn feast the people hold
To Dagon, their sea idol.
Milton.
They brought it into the house of Dagon.
1 Sam. v. 2.
Dag"on (?), n. [See
Dag a loose end.] A slip or piece.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dag"swain` (?), n. [From
Dag a loose end?] Acoarse woolen fabric made
of daglocks, or the refuse of wool. \'bdUnder coverlets
made of dagswain.\'b8
Holinshed.
Dag"-tailed` (?), a.
[Dag a loose end + tail.]
Daggle-tailed; having the tail clogged with daglocks.
\'bdDag-tailed sheep.\'b8
Bp. Hall.
{ Da*guer"re*an (?),
Da*guerre"i*an (?), } a.
Pertaining to Daguerre, or to his invention of the
daguerreotype.
Da*guerre"o*type, n. [From
Daguerre the inventor + -type.]
1. An early variety of photograph, produced on a
silver plate, or copper plate covered with silver, and rendered
sensitive by the action of iodine, or iodine and bromine, on
which, after exposure in the camera, the latent image is
developed by the vapor of mercury.
2. The process of taking such pictures.
Da*guerre"o*type (?), v. t.
[imp. & p.p. Daguerreotyped
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Daguerreotyping
(?).] 1. To produce or
represent by the daguerreotype process, as a picture.
2. To impress with great distinctness; to imprint;
to imitate exactly.
{ Da*guerre"o*ty`per (?),
Da*guerre"o*ty`pist (?), } n.
One who takes daguerreotypes.
Da*guerre"o*ty`py (?), n. The
art or process of producing pictures by method of Daguerre.
\'d8Da`ha*be"ah (?), n.
[Ar.] A nile boat /tructed on the model of a
floating house, having large / sails.
Dah"lia (?), n.; pl.
Dahlias (#). [Named after Andrew
Dahl a Swedish botanist.] (Bot.)
A genus of plants native to Mexico and Central America, of
the order Composit\'91; also, any plant or flower of the genus.
The numerous varieties of cultivated dahlias bear conspicuous
flowers which differ in color.
Dah"lin (?), n. [From
Dahlia.] (Chem.) A variety of
starch extracted from the dahlia; -- called also
inulin. See Inulin.
Dai"li*ness (?), n. Daily
occurence. [R.]
Dai"ly (?), a. [AS.
d\'91gl\'c6c; d\'91g day +
-l\'c6c like. See Day.] Happening,
or belonging to, each successive day; diurnal; as,
daily labor; a daily bulletin.
Give us this day our daily bread.
Matt. vi. 11.
Bunyan has told us . . . that in New England his dream was the
daily subject of the conversation of thousands.
Macaulay.
Syn. -- Daily, Diurnal.
Daily is Anglo-Saxon, and diurnal is Latin.
The former is used in reference to the ordinary concerns of life;
as, daily wants, daily cares,
daily employments. The latter is appropriated chiefly
by astronomers to what belongs to the astronomical day; as, the
diurnal revolution of the earth.
Man hath his daily work of body or mind
Appointed, which declares his dignity,
And the regard of Heaven on all his ways.
Milton.
Half yet remains unsung, but narrower bound
Within the visible diurnal sphere.
Milton.
Dai"ly, n.; pl. Dailies
(/). A publication which appears regularly
every day; as, the morning dailies.
Dai"ly, adv. Every day; day by day;
as, a thing happens daily.
Dai"mi*o (?), n.; pl.
Daimios (#). [Jap., fr. Chin.
tai ming great name.] The title of the
feudal nobles of Japan.<-- usu. written daimyo
-->
The daimios, or territorial nobles, resided in Yedo
and were divided into four classes.
Am. Cyc.
Daint (?), n. [See
Dainty, n.] Something of exquisite
taste; a dainty. [Obs.] -- a.
Dainty. [Obs.]
To cherish him with diets daint.
Spenser.
Dain"ti*fy (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Daintified
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Daintifying.] [Dainty +
-fy.] To render dainty, delicate, or
fastidious. \'bdDaintified emotion.\'b8
Sat. rev.
Dain"ti*ly, adv. In a dainty manner;
nicely; scrupulously; fastidiously; deliciously; prettily.
Dain"ti*ness, n. The quality of being
dainty; nicety; niceness; elegance; delicacy; deliciousness;
fastidiousness; squeamishness.
The daintiness and niceness of our captains
Hakluyt.
More notorious for the daintiness of the provision
. . . than for the massiveness of the dish.
Hakewill.
The duke exeeded in the daintiness of his leg and
foot, and the earl in the fine shape of his hands,
Sir H. Wotton.
Dain"trel (?), n. [From
daint or dainty; cf. OF.
daintier.] Adelicacy.
[Obs.]
Halliwell.
Dain"ty (?), n.; pl.
Dainties (#). [OE.
deinie, dainte, deintie,
deyntee, OF. deinti\'82 delicacy, orig.,
dignity, honor, fr. L. dignitas, fr. dignus
worthy. See Deign, and cf. Dignity.]
1. Value; estimation; the gratification or pleasure
taken in anything. [Obs.]
I ne told no deyntee of her love.
Chaucer.
2. That which is delicious or delicate; a
delicacy.
That precious nectar may the taste renew
Of Eden's dainties, by our parents lost.
Beau. & Fl.
3. A term of fondness. [Poetic]
B. Jonson.
Syn. -- Dainty, Delicacy.
These words are here compared as denoting articles of food. The
term delicacy as applied to a nice article of any
kind, and hence to articles of food which are particularly
attractive. Dainty is stronger, and denotes some
exquisite article of cookery. A hotel may be provided with all
the delicacies of the season, and its table richly
covered with dainties.
These delicacies
I mean of taste, sight, smell, herbs, fruits, and flowers,
Walks and the melody of birds.
Milton.
[A table] furnished plenteously with bread,
And dainties, remnants of the last regale.
Cowper.
Dain"ty, a. [Compar.
Daintier (?); superl.
Daintiest.] 1. Rare; valuable;
costly. [Obs.]
Full many a deynt\'82 horse had he in stable.
Chaucer.
dainty maketh
dearth,\'b8 i. e., rarity makes a
thing dear or precious.
2. Delicious to the palate; toothsome.
Dainty bits
Make rich the ribs.
Shak.
3. Nice; delicate;elegant, in form, manner, or
breeding; well-formed; neat; tender.
Those dainty limbs which nature lent
For gentle usage and soft delicacy.
Milton.
Iwould be the girdle.
About her dainty, dainty waist.
Tennyson.
4. Requirinig daintles. Hence; Overnice; hard to
please; fastidious; sqrupulous; ceremonious.
Thew were a fine and Dainty people.
Bacon.
And let us not be dainty of leave taking,
But shift away.
Shak.
To make dainty, to assume or affect delicacy
or fastidiousness. [Obs.]
Ah ha, my mistresses! which of you all
Will now deny to dance? She that makes dainty,
She, I'll swear, hath corns.
Shak.
Dai"ry (?), n.;pl.
Dairies (#). [OE.
deierie, from deie, daie, maid;
of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. deigja maid, dairymaid,
Sw. deja, orig., a baking maid, fr. Icel.
deig. /66. See Dough.] 1.
The place, room, or house where milk is kept, and converted
into butter or cheese.
What stores my dairies and my folds contain.
Dryden.
2. That department of farming which is concerned in
the production of milk, and its conversion into butter and
cheese.
Grounds were turned much in England either to feeding or
dairy; and this advanced the trade of English
butter.
Temple.
3. A dairy farm. [R.]
Dairy is much used adjectively or in
combination; as, dairy farm, dairy
countries, dairy house or dairyhouse,
dairyroom, dairywork, etc.
Dai"ry*ing, n. The business of
conducting a dairy.
Dai"ry*maid` (?), n. A female
servant whose business is the care of the dairy.
Dai"ry*man (?), n.; pl.
Dairymen (/). A man who keeps or
takes care of a dairy.
Dai"ry*wom`an (?), n.; pl.
Dairywomen (/). A woman who
attends to a dairy.
Da"is (d, n. [OE.
deis, des, table, dais, OF. deis
table, F. dais a canopy, L. discus a quoit,
a dish (from the shape), LL., table, fr. Gr. / a
quoit, a dish. See Dish.] 1. The
high or principal table, at the end of a hall, at which the chief
guests were seated; also, the chief seat at the high table.
[Obs.]
2. A platform slightly raised above the floor of a
hall or large room, giving distinction to the table and seats
placed upon it for the chief guests.
3. A canopy over the seat of a person of
dignity. [Obs.]
Shiply.
Dai"sied (?), a. Full of
daisies; adorned with daisies. \'bdThe daisied
green.\'b8
Langhorne.
The grass all deep and daisied.
G. Eliot.
Dai"sy (?), n.; pl.
Daisies (#). [OE.
dayesye, AS. d\'91ges/eage day's eye,
daisy. See Day, and Eye.]
(Bot.) (a) A genus of low herbs
(Bellis), belonging to the family Composit\'91. The
common English and classical daisy is B.
prennis, which has a yellow disk and white or pinkish
rays. (b) The whiteweed (Chrysanthemum
Leucanthemum), the plant commonly called
daisy in North America; -- called also
oxeye daisy. See Whiteweed.
daisy is also used for composite
plants of other genera, as Erigeron, or
fleabane.
Michaelmas daisy (Bot.), any plant
of the genus Aster, of which there are many species. --
Oxeye daisy (Bot.), the whiteweed. See
Daisy (b).
Dak (?), n. [Hind.
/\'bek.] Post; mail; also, the mail or
postal arrangements; -- spelt also dawk, and
dauk. [India]
Dak boat, a mail boat. Percy
Smith. -- Dak bungalow, a traveler's
rest-house at the and of a dak stage. -- To travel by
dak, to travel by relays of palanquines or other
carriage, as fast as the post along a road.
{ Da"ker (?), Da"kir
(?), } n. [See
Dicker.] (O. Eng. & Scots Law) A
measure of certain commodities by number, usually ten or twelve,
but sometimes twenty; as, a daker of hides consisted
of ten skins; a daker of gloves of ten pairs.
Burrill.
Da"ker hen` (?). [Perh.
fr. W. crecial the daker hen;
crec a sharp noise (creg harsh, hoarse,
crechian to scream) + iar hen; or cf. D.
duiken to dive, plunge.] (Zo\'94l.)
The corncrake or land rail.
Da*koit", n., Da*koit"y,
n. See Dacoit,
Dacoity.
Da*ko"ta group` (?). (Geol.) A
subdivision at the base of the cretaceous formation in Western
North America; -- so named from the region where the strata were
first studied.
Da*ko"tas (?), n. pl.; sing.
Dacota (/). (Ethnol.)
An extensive race or stock of Indians, including many
tribes, mostly dwelling west of the Mississippi River; -- also,
in part, called Sioux. [Written
also Dacotahs.]
\'d8Dal (?), n. [Hind.]
Split pulse, esp. of Cajanus Indicus.
[East Indies]
Dale (?), n. [AS.
d\'91l; akin to LG., D., Sw., Dan., OS., & Goth.
dal, Icel. dalr, OHG. tal, G.
thal, and perth. to Gr. / a rotunda, Skr.
dh\'bera depth. Cf. Dell.]
1. A low place between hills; a vle or
valley.
Where mountaines rise, umbrageous dales
descend.
Thomson.
2. A trough or spout to carry off water, as from a
pump.
Knight.
Dales"man (?), n.; pl.
Dalesmen (/). One living in a
dale; -- a term applied particularly to the inhabitants of the
valleys in the north of England, Norway, etc.
Macaulay.
Dalf (?), imp. of
Delve. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dal"li*ance (?), n. [From
Dally.] 1. The act of dallying,
trifling, or fondling; interchange of caresses; wanton
play.
Look thou be true, do not give dalliance
Too mnch the rein.
Shak.
O, the dalliance and the wit,
The flattery and the strife/
Tennyson.
2. Delay or procrastination.
Shak.
3. Entertaining discourse.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dai"l*er (?), n. One Who
fondles; a trifler; as, dalliers with pleasant
words.
Asham.
Dal"lop (?), n. [Etymol.
unknown.] A tuft or clump. [Obs.]
Tusser.
Dal"ly (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Dallied
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dallying.] [OE. /alien,
dailien; cf. Icel. pylja to talk, G.
dallen, dalen, dahlen, to
trifle, talk nonsense, OSw. tule a droll or funny man;
or AS. dol foolish, E. dull.]
1. To waste time in effeminate or voluptuous
pleasures, or in idleness; to fool away time; to delay
unnecessarily; to tarry; to trifle.
We have trifled too long already; it is madness to
dally any longer.
Calamy.
We have put off God, and dallied with his
grace.
Barrow.
2. To interchange caresses, especially with one of
the opposite sex; to use fondling; to wanton; to sport.
Not dallying with a brace of courtesans.
Shak.
Our aerie . . . dallies with the wind.
Shak.
Dal"ly, v. t. To delay unnecessarily; to
while away.
Dallying off the time with often skirmishes.
Knolles.
\'d8Dal*ma"ni*a (?), n. [From
Dalman, the geologist.] (Paleon.)
A genus of trilobites, of many species, common in the Upper
Silurian and Devonian rocks.
\'d8Dal`ma*ni"tes (?), n. Same
as Dalmania.
Dal*ma"tian (?), a. Of or
pertaining to Dalmatia.
Dalmatian dog (Zo\'94l.), a
carriage dog, shaped like a pointer, and having black or bluish
spots on a white ground; the coach dog.
Dal*mat"i*ca (?), n.,
Dal*mat"ic (/), n. [LL.
dalmatica: cf. F. dalmatique.]
1. (R. C. Ch.) A vestment with wide
sleeves, and with two stripes, worn at Mass by deacons, and by
bishops at pontifical Mass; -- imitated from a dress originally
worn in Dalmatia.
2. A robe worn on state ocasions, as by English
kings at their coronation.
\'d8Dal` se"gno (?). [It., from the
sign.] (Mus.) A direction to go back to the
sign / and repeat from thence to the close. See
Segno.
Dal*to"ni*an (?), n. One
afflicted with color blindness.
Dal"ton*ism (?), n. Inability
to perceive or distinguish certain colors, esp. red; color
blindness. It has various forms and degrees. So called from the
chemist Dalton, who had this infirmity.
Nichol.
Dam (?), n. [OE.
dame mistress, lady; also, mother, dam. See
Dame.] 1. A female parent; -- used
of beasts, especially of quadrupeds; sometimes applied in
contempt to a human mother.
Our sire and dam, now confined to
horses, are a relic of this age (13th century) . . .
.Dame is used of a hen; we now make a great difference
between dame and dam.
T. L. K. Oliphant.
The dam runs lowing up end down,
Looking the way her harmless young one went.
Shak.
2. A kind or crowned piece in the game of
draughts.
Dam, n. [Akin to OLG., D., & Dan.
dam, G. & Sw. damm, Icel. dammr,
and AS. fordemman to stop up, Goth.
Fa\'a3rdammjan.] 1. A barrier to
prevent the flow of a liquid; esp., a bank of earth, or wall of
any kind, as of masonry or wood, built across a water course, to
confine and keep back flowing water.
2. (Metal.) A firebrick wall, or a
stone, which forms the front of the hearth of a blast
furnace.
Dam plate (Blast Furnace), an iron
plate in front of the dam, to strengthen it.
Dam, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dammed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Damming.] 1. To obstruct or
restrain the flow of, by a dam; to confine by constructing a dam,
as a stream of water; -- generally used with in or
up.
I'll have the current in this place dammed up.
Shak.
A weight of earth that dams in the water.
Mortimer.
2. To shut up; to stop up; to close; to
restrain.
The strait pass was dammed
With dead men hurt behind, and cowards.
Shak.
To dam out, to keep out by means of a
dam.
Dam"age (?), n. [OF.
damage, domage, F. dommage, fr.
assumed LL. damnaticum, from L. damnum
damage. See Damn.] 1. Injury or harm
to person, property, or reputation; an inflicted loss of value;
detriment; hurt; mischief.
He that sendeth a message by the hand of a fool cutteth off
the feet and drinketh damage.
Prov. xxvi. 6.
Great errors and absurdities many commit for want of a friend
to tell them of them, to the great damage both of
their fame and fortune.
Bacon.
2. pl. (Law) The estimated
reparation in money for detriment or injury sustained; a
compensation, recompense, or satisfaction to one party, for a
wrong or injury actually done to him by another.
Consequential damage. See under
Consequential. -- Exemplary damages
(Law), damages imposed by way of example to
others. -- Nominal damages (Law),
those given for a violation of a right where no actual loss
has accrued. -- Vindictive damages, those
given specially for the punishment of the wrongdoer.
Syn. -- Mischief; injury; harm; hurt; detriment; evil; ill.
See Mischief.
Dam"age, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Damages (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Damaging (?).] [Cf.
OF. damagier, domagier. See
Damage, n.] To ocassion damage to
the soudness, goodness, or value of; to hurt; to injure; to
impair.
He . . . came up to the English admiral and gave him a
broadside, with which he killed many of his men and
damaged the ship.
Clarendon.
Dam"age (?), v. i. To receive
damage or harm; to be injured or impaired in soudness or value;
as. some colors in /oth damage in sunlight.
Dam"age*a*ble (?), a. [Cf. OF.
dammageable, for sense 2.] 1.
Capable of being injured or impaired; liable to, or
susceptible of, damage; as, a damageable
cargo.
2. Hurtful; pernicious. [R.]
That it be not demageable unto your royal
majesty.
Hakluit.
Dam"age fea`sant (?). [OF.
damage + F. faisant doing, p. pr. See
Feasible.] (Law) Doing injury;
trespassing, as cattle.
Blackstone.
Da"man (?), n. (Zo\'94l.)
A small herbivorous mammal of the genus Hyrax.
The species found in Palestine and Syria is Hyrax
Syriacus; that of Northern Africa is H. Brucei;
-- called also ashkoko,
dassy, and rock rabbit. See
Cony, and Hyrax.
Dam"ar (?), n. See
Dammar.
Dam"as*cene (?), a. [L.
Damascenus of Damascus, fr. Damascus the
city, Gr. /. See Damask, and cf.
Damaskeen, Damaskin, Damson.]
Of or relating to Damascus.
Dam"as*cene (?), n. A kind of
plume, now called damson. See
Damson.
Dam"as*cene (?), v. t. Same as
Damask, or Damaskeen, v. t.
\'bdDamascened armor.\'b8 Beaconsfield.
\'bdCast and damascened steel.\'b8 Ure.
Da*mas"cus (?), n. [L.]
A city of Syria.
Damascus blade, a sword or scimiter, made
chiefly at Damascus, having a variegated appearance of watering,
and proverbial for excellence. -- Damascus
iron, Damascus twist, metal
formed of thin bars or wires of iron and steel elaborately
twisted and welded together; used for making gun barrels, etc.,
of high quality, in which the surface, when polished and acted
upon by acid, has a damasc appearance. -- Damascus
steel. See Damask steel, under
Damask, a.
Dam"ask (?), n. [From the city
Damascus, L. Damascus, Gr. /,
Heb. Dammesq, Ar. Daemeshq; cf. Heb.
d'meseq damask; cf. It. damasco, Sp.
damasco, F. damas. Cf. Damascene,
Damass\'90.] 1. Damask silk; silk
woven with an elaborate pattern of flowers and the like.
\'bdA bed of ancient damask.\'b8
W. Irving.
2. Linen so woven that a pattern in produced by the
different directions of the thread, without contrast of
color.
3. A heavy woolen or worsted stuff with a pattern
woven in the same way as the linen damask; -- made for furniture
covering and hangings.
4. Damask or Damascus steel; also, the peculiar
markings or \'bdwater\'b8 of such steel.
5. A deep pink or rose color.
Fairfax.
Dam"ask, a. 1. Pertaining to,
or originating at, the city of Damascus; resembling the products
or manufactures of Damascus.
2. Having the color of the damask rose.
But let concealment, like a worm i' the bud,
Feed on her damask cheek.
Shak.
Damask color, a deep rose-color like that of
the damask rose. -- Damask plum, a small
dark-colored plum, generally called damson. --
Damask rose (Bot.), a large, pink,
hardy, and very fragrant variety of rose (Rosa
damascena) from Damascus. \'bdDamask roses have
not been known in England above one hundred years.\'b8
Bacon. -- Damask steel, Damascus steel, steel of the kind
originally made at Damascus, famous for its hardness, and its
beautiful texture, ornamented with waving lines; especially, that
which is inlaid with damaskeening; -- formerly much valued for
sword blades, from its great flexibility and tenacity.
Dam"ask, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Damasked (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Damasking.] To decorate in a
way peculiar to Damascus or attributed to Damascus; particularly:
(a) with flowers and rich designs, as silk; (b)
with inlaid lines of gold, etc., or with a peculiar marking or
\'bdwater,\'b8 as metal. See Damaskeen.
Mingled metal damasked o'er with gold.
Dryde/.
On the soft, downy bank, damasked with flowers.
Milton.
{ Dam"as*keen` (?), Dam"as*ken
(?), } v. t. [F.
damaschinare. See Damascene,
v.] To decorate, as iron, steel, etc., with
a peculiar marking or \'bdwater\'b8 produced in the process of
manufacture, or with designs produced by inlaying or incrusting
with another metal, as silver or gold, or by etching, etc., to
damask.
Damaskeening is is partly mosaic work, partly
engraving, and partly carving.
Ure.
Dam"as*kin (?), n. [Cf. F.
damasquin, adj., It. damaschino, Sp.
damasquino. See Damaskeen.] A
sword of Damask steel.
No old Toledo blades or damaskins.
Howell /.
Da*mas*s\'82" (?), a. [F.
damass\'82, fr. damas. See
Damask.] Woven like damask. --
n. A damass\'82 fabric, esp. one of
linen.
Dam"as*sin (?), n. [F., fr.
damas. See Damask.] A kind of
modified damask or blocade.
Dam1bo*nite (?), n. [Cf. F.
dambonite.] (Chem.) A white
crystalline, sugary substance obtained from an African
caotchouc.
Dam"bose (?), n. (Chem.)
A crystalline vari ety of fruit sugar obtained from
dambonite.
Dame (?), n. [F.
dame, LL. domna, fr. L. domina
mistress, lady, fem. of dominus master, ruler, lord;
akin to domare to tame, subdue. See Tame, and
cf. Dam/ mother, Dan, Danger,
Dangeon, Dungeon, Dominie, Don,
n., Duenna.] 1. A
mistress of a family, who is a lady; a womam in authority;
especially, a lady.
Then shall these lords do vex me half so much,
As that proud dame, the lord protector's wife.
Shak.
2. The mistress of a family in common life, or the
mistress of a common school; as, a dame's
school.
In the dame's classes at the village school.
Emerson.
3. A woman in general, esp. an elderly woman.
4. A mother; -- applied to human beings and
quadrupeds. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dame"wort` (?), n. (Bot.)
A cruciferrous plant (Hesperis matronalis),
remarkable for its fragrance, especially toward the close of the
day; -- called also rocket and dame's
violet.
Loudon.
Da`mi*a"na (?), n. [NL.; of
uncertain origin.] (Med.) A Mexican drug,
used as an aphrodisiac.
Turnera and from
Bigelovia veneta.
Wood & Bache.
Da"mi*an*ist (?), n. (Eccl.
Hist.) A follower of Damian, patriarch of Alexandria
in the 6th century, who held heretical opinions on the doctrine
of the Holy Trinity.
{ Dam"mar (?), Dam"ma*ra
(?), } n. [Jav. & Malay.
damar.] An oleoresin used in making
varnishes; dammar gum; dammara resin. It is obtained from certain
resin trees indigenous to the East Indies, esp. Shorea
robusta and the dammar pine.
Dammar pine, (Bot.), a tree of the
Moluccas (Agathis, ), yielding
dammar.
Dam"ma*ra, n. (Bot.) A large
tree of the order Conifer\'91, indigenous to the East
Indies and Australasia; -- called also
Agathis. There are several species.
Damn (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Damned (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Damning
(?).] [OE. damnen da/pnen
(with excrescent p), OF. damner,
dampner, F. damner, fr. L.
damnare, damnatum, to condemn, fr.
damnum damage, a fine, penalty. Cf. Condemn,
Damage.] 1. To condemn; to declare
guilty; to doom; to adjudge to punishment; to sentence; to
censhure.
He shall not live; look, with a spot I damn
him.
Shak.
2. (Theol.) To doom to punishment in the
future world; to consign to perdition; to curse.
3. To condemn as bad or displeasing, by open
expression, as by denuciation, hissing, hooting, etc.
You are not so arrant a critic as to damn them [the
works of modern poets] . . . without hearing.
Pope.
Damn with faint praise, assent with civil leer,
And without sneering teach the rest to sneer.
Pope.
Damn is sometimes used interjectionally,
imperatively, and intensively.
Damn, v. i. To invoke damnation; to
curse. 'While I inwardly damn.\'b8
Goldsmith.
Dam`na*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being damnable; damnableness.
Sir T. More.
Dam"na*ble (?), a. [L.
damnabilis, fr. damnare: cf. F.
damnable. See Damn.] 1.
Liable to damnation; deserving, or for which one deserves,
to be damned; of a damning nature.
A creature unprepared unmeet for dealth,
And to transport him in the mind hi is,
Were damnable.
Shak.
2. Odious; pernicious; detestable.
Begin, murderer; . . . leave thy damnable
faces.
Shak.
Dam"na*ble*ness, n. The state or quality
of deserving damnation; execrableness.
The damnableness of this most execrable
impiety.
Prynne.
Dam"na*bly, adv. 1. In a manner
to incur sever/ censure, condemnation, or punishment.
2. Odiously; detestably; excessively.
[Low]
Dam*na"tion (?), n. [F.
damnation, L. damnatio, fr.
damnare. See Damn.] 1.
The state of being damned; condemnation; openly expressed
disapprobation.
2. (Theol.) Condemnation to everlasting
punishment in the future state, or the punishment itself.
How can ye escape the damnation of hell?
Matt. xxiii. 33.
Wickedness is sin, and sin is damnation.
Shak.
3. A sin daserving of everlasting punishment.
[R.]
The deep damnation of his taking-off.
Shak.
Dan"na*to*ry (?), a. [L.
damnatorius, fr. damnator a
condemner.] Doo/ing to damnation;
condemnatory. \'bdDamnatory invectives.\'b8
Hallam.
Damned (?), a. 1.
Sentenced to punishment in a future state; condemned;
consigned to perdition.
2. Hateful; detestable; abominable.
But, O, what damned minutes tells he o'er
Who doats, yet doubts, suspects, yet strongly loves.
Shak.
Dam*nif"ic (?), a. [L.
damnificus; damnum damage, loss +
facere to make. See Damn.]
Procuring or causing loss; mischievous; injurious.
Dam`ni*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [LL.
damnificatio.] That which causes damage or
loss.
Dam"ni*fy (?), v. t. [LL.
damnificare, fr. L. damnificus: cf. OF.
damnefier. See Damnific.] To cause
loss or damage to; to injure; to imparir. [R.]
This work will ask as many more officials to make expurgations
and expunctions, that the commonwealth of learning be not
damnified.
Milton.
Damn"ing (?), a. That damns;
damnable; as, damning evidence of guilt.
Damn"ing*ness, n. Tendency to bring
damnation. \'bdThe damningness of them [sins].\'b8
Hammond.
\'d8dam"num (?), n. [L.]
(law) Harm; detriment, either to character or
property.
<-- p. 367 -->
{ Dam"o*sel (?), Dam`o*sel"la
(?), \'d8Da`moi`selle" (?) },
n. See Damsel.
[Archaic]
Dam"our*ite (?), n. [Ater the
French chemist Damour.] (Min.) A
kind of Muscovite, or potash mica, containing water.
Damp (?), n. [Akin to LG., D.,
& Dan. damp vapor, steam, fog, G. dampf,
Icel. dampi, Sw. damb dust, and to MNG.
dimpfen to smoke, imp. dampf.]
1. Moisture; humidity; fog; fogginess; vapor.
Night . . . with black air
Accompanied, with damps and dreadful gloom.
Milton.
2. Dejection; depression; cloud of the mind.
Even now, while thus I stand blest in thy presence,
A secret damp of grief comes o'er my soul.
Addison.
It must have thrown a damp over your autumn
excursion.
J. D. Forbes.
3. (Mining) A gaseous prodact, formed in
coal mines, old wells, pints, etc.
Choke damp, a damp consisting principally of
carboni/ acid gas; -- so called from its extinguishing flame
and animal life. See Carbonic acid, under
Carbonic. -- Damp sheet, a curtain
in a mine gallery to direct air currents and prevent accumulation
of gas. -- Fire damp, a damp consisting
chiefly of light carbureted hydrogen; -- so called from its
tendence to explode when mixed with atmospheric air and brought
into contact with flame.
Damp (?), a.
[Compar. Damper (?);
superl. Dampest.]
1. Being in a state between dry and wet; moderately
wet; moist; humid.
O'erspread with a damp sweat and holy fear.
Dryden.
2. Dejected; depressed; sunk.
[R.]
All these and more came flocking, but with looks
Downcast and damp.
Milton.
Damp, v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Damped (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Damping.] [OE. dampen to
choke, suffocate. See Damp, n.]
1. To render damp; to moisten; to make humid, or
moderately wet; to dampen; as, to damp
cloth.
2. To put out, as fire; to depress or deject; to
deaden; to cloud; to check or restrain, as action or vigor; to
make dull; to weaken; to discourage. \'bdTo damp
your tender hopes.\'b8
Akenside.
Usury dulls and damps all industries, improvements,
and new inventions, wherein money would be stirring if it were
not for this slug.
Bacon.
How many a day has been damped and darkened by an
angry word!
Sir J. Lubbock.
The failure of his enterprise damped the spirit of
the soldiers.
Macaulay.
Damp"en (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dampened
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dampening.] 1. To make damp or
moist; to make slightly wet.
2. To depress; to check; to make dull; to
lessen.
In a way that considerably dampened our
enthusiasm.
The Century.
Damp"en, v. i. To become damp; to
deaden.
Byron.
Damp"er (?), n. That which
damps or checks; as: (a) A valve or movable plate in the
flue or other part of a stove, furnace, etc., used to check or
regulate the draught of air. (b) A contrivance, as in a
pianoforte, to deaden vibrations; or, as in other pieces of
mechanism, to check some action at a particular time.
Nor did Sabrina's presence seem to act as any
damper at the modest little festivities.
W. Black.
Damp"ish (?), a. Moderately
damp or moist.
-- Damp"ish*ly, adv. --
Damp"ish*ness, n.
Damp"ne (?), v. t. To
damn. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Damp"ness, n. Moderate humidity;
moisture; fogginess; moistness.
Damp" off` (?). To decay and perish
through excessive moisture.
Damp"y (?), a. 1.
Somewhat damp. [Obs.]
Drayton.
2. Dejected; gloomy; sorrowful.
[Obs.] \'bdDispel dampy throughts.\'b8
Haywards.
Dam"sel (?), n. [OE.
damosel, damesel, damisel,
damsel, fr. OF. damoisele, damisele,
gentlewoman, F. demoiselle young lady; cf. OF.
damoisel young nobleman, F. damoiseau; fr.
LL. domicella, dominicella, fem.,
domicellus, dominicellus, masc., dim. fr.
L. domina, dominus. See Dame, and
cf. Demoiselle, Doncella.]
1. A young person, either male or female, of noble
or gentle extraction; as, Damsel Pepin;
Damsel Richard, Prince of Wales.
[Obs.]
2. A young unmarried woman; a gerl; a maiden.
With her train of damsels she was gone,
In shady walks the scorching heat to shum.
Dryden.
Sometimes a troop of damsels glad, . . .
Goes by to towered Cameleot.
Tennyson.
3. (Milling) An attachment to a
millstone spindle for shaking the hoppe/.
Dam"son (?), n. [OE.
damasin the Damascus plum, fr. L. Damascenus. See
Damascene.] A small oval plum of a blue
color, the fruit of a variety of the Prunus domestica;
-- called also damask plum.
Dan (?), n. [OE.
dan, danz, OF. danz (prop. only
nom.), dan, master, fr. L. dominus. See
Dame.] A title of honor equivalent to
master, or sir. [Obs.]
Old Dan Geoffry, in gently spright
The pure wellhead of poetry did dwell.
Spenser.
What time Dan Abraham left the Chaldee land.
Thomson.
Dan, n. [Etymol. uncertain.]
(Mining) A small truck or sledge used in coal
mines.
Da"na*ide (?), n. [From the
mythical Danaides, who were condemned to fill with
water a vessel full of holes.] (Mach.) A
water wheel having a vertical axis, and an inner and outer
tapering shell, between which are vanes or floats attached
usually to both shells, but sometimes only to one.
Da"na*ite (?), n. [Named after
J. Freeman Dana.] (Min.) A
cobaltiferous variety of arsenopyrite.
Da"na*lite (?), n. [Named after
James Dwight Dana.] (Min.) A
mineral occuring in octahedral crystals, also massive, of a
reddish color. It is a silicate of iron, zinc manganese, and
glicinum, containing sulphur.
Dan"bu*rite (?), n.
(Min.) A borosilicate of lime, first found at
Danbury, Conn. It is near the topaz in form.
Dana.
Dance (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Danced (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Dancing.]
[F. danser, fr. OHG. dans/n to draw;
akin to dinsan to draw, Goth. apinsan, and
prob. from the same root (meaning to stretch) as E.
thin. See Thin.] 1. To
move with measured steps, or to a musical accompaniment; to go
through, either alone or in company with others, with a regulated
succession of movements, (commonly) to the sound of music; to
trip or leap rhytmically.
Jack shall pipe and Gill shall dance.
Wiher.
Good shepherd, what fair swain is this
Which dances with your dauther?
Shak.
2. To move nimbly or merrily; to express pleasure
by motion; to caper; to frisk; to skip about.
Then, 'tis time to dance off.
Thackeray.
More dances my rapt heart
Than when I first my wedded mistress saw.
Shak.
Shadows in the glassy waters dance.
Byron.
Where rivulets dance their wayward round.
Wordsworth.
To dance on a rope, To dance on
nothing, to be hanged.
Dance (?), v. t. To cause to
dance, or move nimbly or merrily about, or up and down; to
dandle.
To dance our ringlets to the whistling wind.
Shak.
Thy grandsire loved thee well;
Many a time he danced thee on his knee.
Shak.
To dance attendance, to come and go
obsequiously; to be or remain in waiting, at the beck and call of
another, with a view to please or gain favor.
A man of his place, and so near our favor,
To dance attendance on their lordships' pleasure.
Shak.
Dance, n. [F. danse, of
German origin. See Dance, v. i.]
1. The leaping, tripping, or measured stepping of
one who dances; an amusement, in which the movements of the
persons are regulated by art, in figures and in accord with
music.
2. (Mus.) A tune by which dancing is
regulated, as the minuet, the waltz, the cotillon, etc.
dance was used ironically, by
the older writers, of many proceedings besides dancing.
Of remedies of love she knew parchance
For of that art she couth the olde dance.
Chaucer.
Dance of Death (Art), an
allegorical representation of the power of death over all, -- the
old, the young, the high, and the low, being led by a dancing
skeleton. -- Morris dance. See
Morris. -- To lead one a dance, to
cause one to go through a series of movements or experiences as
if guided by a partner in a dance not understood.
Dan"cer (?), n. One who dances
or who practices dancing.
The merry dancers, beams of the northern
lights when they rise and fall alternately without any
considerable change of length. See Aurora borealis,
under Aurora.
Dan"cer*ess, n. A female dancer.
[Obs.]
Wyclif.
Dan`cet`t\'82" (?), a. [Cf. F.
danch\'82 dancett\'82, dent tooth.]
(Her.) Deeply indented; having large teeth; thus,
a fess dancett\'82 has only three teeth in the whole
width of the escutcheon.
Dan"cing (?), p. a. & vb. n.
from Dance.
Dancing girl, one of the women in the East
Indies whose profession is to dance in the temples, or for the
amusement of spectators. There are various classes of dancing
girls. -- Dancing master, a teacher of
dancing. -- Dancing school, a school or place
where dancing is taught.
Dan"cy (?), a. (Her.)
Same as Dancett\'82.
Dan"de*li`on (?), n. [F.
dent de lion lion's tooth, fr. L. dens
tooth + leo lion. See Tooth, n.,
and Lion.] (Bot.) A well-known
plant of the genus Taraxacum (T.
officinale, formerly called T. Dens-leonis and
Leontodos Taraxacum) bearing large, yellow, compound
flowers, and deeply notched leaves.
Dan"der (?), n. [Corrupted from
dandruff.]
1. Dandruff or scurf on the head.
2. Anger or vexation; rage [Low]
Halliwell.
Dan"der, v. i. [See
Dandle.] To wander about; to saunter; to talk
incoherently. [Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
\'d8Dan"di (?), n. [Hind.
/, fr. / an oar.] A boatman;
an oarsman. [India]
Dan"die (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) One of a breed of small terriers; --
called also Dandie Dinmont.
Dan"di*fied (?), a. Made up
like a dandy; having the dress or manners of a dandy;
buckish.
Dan"di*fy (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dandified
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dandifying.] [Dandy +
-fy.] To cause to resemble a dandy; to make
dandyish.
Dan"di*prat (?), n.
[Dandy + brat child.]
1. A little fellow; -- in sport or contempt.
\'bdA dandiprat hop-thumb.\'b8
Stanyhurst.
2. A small coin.
Henry VII. stamped a small coin called
dandiprats.
Camden.
Dan"dle (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dandled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dandling
(?).] [Cf. G. d\'84ndeln to
trifly, dandle, OD. & Prov. G. danten, G.
tand trifly, prattle; Scot. dandill,
dander, to go about idly, to trifly.]
1. To move up and down on one's knee or in one's
arms, in affectionate play, as an infant.
Ye shall be dandled . . . upon her knees.
Is./
2. To treat with fondness, as if a child; to
fondle; to toy with; to pet.
They have put me in a silk gown and gaudy fool's cap; I as
ashamed to be dandled thus.
Addison.
The book, thus dandled into popularity by bishops
and good ladies, contained many pieces of nursery eloquence.
Jeffrey.
3. To play with; to put off or delay by trifles; to
wheedle. [Obs.]
Captains do so dandle their doings, and dally in
the service, as it they would not have the enemy subdued.
Spenser.
Dan"dler (?), n. One who
dandles or fondles.
Dan"driff (?), n. See
Dandruff.
Swift.
Dandruff (?), n. [Prob. from W.
toncrust, peel, skin + AS. dr/f dirty,
draffy, or W. drwg bad: cf. AS. tan a
letter, an eruption. A scurf which forms
on the head, and comes off in small or particles.
[Written also dandriff.]
Dan"dy (?), n.; pl.
Dandies (#). [Cf. F.
dandin, ninny, silly fellow, dandiner to
waddle, to play the fool; prob. allied to E. dandle.
Senses 2&3 are of uncertain etymol.] 1. One
who affects special finery or gives undue attention to dress; a
fop; a coxcomb.
2. (Naut.) (a) A sloop or
cutter with a jigger on which a lugsail is set.
(b) A small sail carried at or near the stern of
small boats; -- called also jigger, and
mizzen.
3. A dandy roller. See below.
Dandy brush, a yard whalebone brush. --
Dandy fever. See Dengue. --
Dandy line, a kind of fishing line to which are
attached several crosspieces of whalebone which carry a hook at
each end. -- Dandy roller, a roller sieve
used in machines for making paper, to press out water from the
pulp, and set the paper.
Dan"dy-cock` (/), n. masc.,
Dan"dy-hen` (/), n. fem.
[See Dandy.] A bantam fowl.
Dan"dy*ish, a. Like a dandy.
Dan"dy*ism (?), n. The manners
and dress of a dandy; foppishness.
Byron.
Dan"dy*ise (?), v. t. & i. To
make, or to act, like a dandy; to dandify.
Dan"dy*ling (?), n.
[Dandy + /ling.] A little
or insignificant dandy; a contemptible fop.
Dane (?), n. [LL.
Dani: cf. AS. Dene.] A native,
or a naturalized inhabitant, of Denmark.
Great Dane. (Zo\'94l.) See
Danish dog, under Danish.
{ Dane"geld` (?), Dane"gelt`
(?) }, n. [AS.
danegeld. See Dane, and Geld,
n.] (Eng. Hist.) An annual tax
formerly laid on the English nation to buy off the ravages of
Danish invaders, or to maintain forces to oppose them. It
afterward became a permanent tax, raised by an assessment, at
first of one shilling, afterward of two shillings, upon every
hide of land throughout the realm.
Wharton's Law Dict. Tomlins.
Dane"wort` (?), n. (Bot.)
A fetid European species of elder (Sambucus
Ebulus); dwarf elder; wallwort; elderwort; -- called also
Daneweed, Dane's weed, and
Dane's-blood. [Said to grow on spots
where battles were fought against the Danes.]
Dang (?), imp. of
Ding. [Obs.]
Dang, v. t. [Cf. Ding.]
To dash. [Obs.]
Till she, o'ercome with anguish, shame, and rage,
Danged down to hell her loathsome carriage.
Marlowe.
Dan"ger (?), n. [OE.
danger, daunger, power, arrogance, refusal,
difficulty, fr. OF. dagier, dongier (with
same meaning), F. danger danger, fr. an assumed LL.
dominiarium power, authority, from L.
dominium power, property. See Dungeon,
Domain, Dame.] 1.
Authority; jurisdiction; control. [Obs.]
In dangerhad he . . . the young girls.
Chaucer.
2. Power to harm; subjection or liability to
penalty. [Obs.] See In one's
danger, below.
You stand within his danger, do you not?
Shak.
Covetousness of gains hath brought [them] in
dangerof this statute.
Robynson (More's Utopia).
3. Exposure to injury, loss, pain, or other evil;
peril; risk; insecurity.
4. Difficulty; sparingness.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
5. Coyness; disdainful behavior.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
In one's danger, in one's power; liable to a
penalty to be inflicted by him. [Obs.] This sense is
retained in the proverb, \'bdOut of debt out of
danger.\'b8
Those rich man in whose debt and danger they be
not.
Robynson (More's Utopia).
-- To do danger, to cause danger.
[Obs.]
Shak.
Syn. -- Peril; hazard; risk; jeopardy. --
Danger, Peril, Hazard, Risk,
Jeopardy. Danger is the generic term, and
implies some contingent evil in prospect. Peril is
instant or impending danger; as, in peril of one's
life. Hazard arises from something fortuitous or
beyond our control; as, the hazard of the seas.
Risk is doubtful or uncertain danger, often incurred
voluntarily; as, to risk an engagement.
Jeopardy is extreme danger. Danger of a
contagious disease; the perils of shipwreck; the
hazards of speculation; the risk of daring
enterprises; a life brought into jeopardy.
Dan"ger, v. t. To endanger.
[Obs.]
Shak.
Dan"ger*ful (?), a. Full of
danger; dangerous. [Obs.] --
Dan"ger*ful*ly, adv.
[Obs.]
Udall.
Dan"ger*less, a. Free from danger.
[R.]
Dan"ger*ous (?), a. [OE.,
haughty, difficult, dangerous, fr. OF. dangereus, F.
dangereux. See Danger.]
1. Attended or beset with danger; full of risk;
perilous; hazardous; unsafe.
Our troops set forth to-morrow; stay with us;
The ways are dangerous.
Shak.
It is dangerous to assert a negative.
Macaulay.
2. Causing danger; ready to do harm or
injury.
If they incline to think you dangerous
To less than gods.
Milton.
3. In a condition of danger, as from illness;
threatened with death. [Colloq.]
Forby. Bartlett.
4. Hard to suit; difficult to please.
[Obs.]
My wages ben full strait, and eke full small;
My lord to me is hard and dangerous.
Chaucer.
5. Reserved; not affable. [Obs.]
\'bdOf his speech dangerous.\'b8
Chaucer.
-- Dan"ger*ous*ly, adv. --
Dan"ger*ous*ness, n.
Dan"gle (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Dangled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dangling
(?).] [Akin to Dan. dangle,
dial. Sw. dangla, Dan. dingle, Sw.
dingla, Icel. dingla; perh. from E.
ding.] To hang loosely, or with a swinging
or jerking motion.
he'd rather on a gibbet dangle
Than miss his dear delight, to wrangle.
Hudibras.
From her lifted hand
Dangled a length of ribbon.
Tennyson.
To dangle about after, to hang upon importunately; to court
the favor of; to beset.
The Presbyterians, and other fanatics that dangle
after them,
are well inclined to pull down the present establishment.
Swift.
Dan"gle (?), v. t. To cause to
dangle; to swing, as something suspended loosely; as, to
dangle the feet.
And the bridegroom stood dangling his bonnet and
plume.
Sir W. Scott.
Dan"gle*ber`ry (?), n.
(Bot.) A dark blue, edible berry with a white
bloom, and its shrub (Gaylussacia frondosa) closely
allied to the common huckleberry. The bush is also called
blue tangle, and is found from New England to
Kentucky, and southward.
Dan"gler (?), n. One who
dangles about or after others, especially after women; a
trifler. \'bd Danglers at toilets.\'b8
Burke.
Dan"i*el (?), n. A Hebrew
prophet distinguished for sagacity and ripeness of judgment in
youth; hence, a sagacious and upright judge.
A Daniel come to judgment.
Shak.
Dan"ish (?), a. [See
Dane.] Belonging to the Danes, or to their
language or country. -- n. The
language of the Danes.
Danish dog (Zo\'94l.), one of a
large and powerful breed of dogs reared in Denmark; -- called
also great Dane. See Illustration in
Appendix.
Dan"ite (?), n. 1. A
descendant of Dan; an Israelite of the tribe of Dan.
Judges xiii. 2.
2. [So called in remembrance of the prophecy in
Gen. xlix. 17, \'bdDan shall be a serpent by the
way,\'b8 etc.] One of a secret association of Mormons,
bound by an oath to obey the heads of the church in all
things. [U. S.]
Dank (?), a. [Cf. dial, Sw.
dank a moist place in a field, Icel.
d\'94kk pit, pool; possibly akin to E. damp
or to daggle dew.] Damp; moist; humid;
wet.
Now that the fields are dank and ways are mire.
Milton.
Cheerless watches on the cold, dank ground.
Trench.
Dank, n. Moisture; humidity;
water. [Obs.]
Dank, n. A small silver coin current in
Persia.
Dank"ish, a. Somewhat dank. --
Dank"ish*ness, n.
In a dark and dankish vault at home.
Shak.
Dan"ne*brog (?), n. The ancient
battle standard of Denmark, bearing figures of cross and
crown.
Order of Dannebrog, an ancient Danish order of
knighthood.
\'d8Dan`seuse" (?), n. [F., fr.
danser to dance.] a professional female
dancer; a woman who dances at a public exhibition as in a
ballet.
Dansk (?), a. [Dan.]
Danish. [Obs.]
Dansk"er (?), n. A Dane.
[Obs.]
Inquire me first what Danskers are in Paris.
Shak.
Dan*te"an (?), a. Relatingto,
emanating from or resembling, the poet Dante or his
writings.
Dan*tesque" (?), a. [Cf. It.
Dantesco.] Dantelike; Dantean.
Earle.
Da*nu"bi*an (?), a.
Pertainingto, or bordering on, the river Danube.
Dap (?), v. i. [Cf.
Dip.] (Angling) To drop the bait
gently on the surface of the water.
To catch a club by dapping with a grasshoper.
Walton.
Da*pat"ic*al (?), a. [L.
dapaticus, fr. daps feast.]
Sumptuous in cheer. [Obs.]
Bailey.
Daph"ne (?), n. [L., a laurel
tree, from Gr. /.] 1.
(Bot.) A genus of diminutive Shrubs, mostly
evergreen, and with fragrant blossoms.
2. (Myth.) A nymph of Diana, fabled to
have been changed into a laurel tree.
Daph"ne*tin (?), n.
(Chem.) A colorless crystalline substance,
C9H6O4, extracted from daphnin.
\'d8Daph"ni*a (?), n.
[NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of the genus
Daphnia.
Daph"nin (?), n. [Cf. F.
daphnine.] (Chem.) (a)
A dark green bitter resin extracted from the mezereon
(Daphne mezereum) and regarded as the essential
principle of the plant. [R.] (b)
A white, crystalline, bitter substance, regarded as a
glucoside, and extracted from Daphne mezereum and
D. alpina.
Daph"no*man`cy (?), n. [Gr.
da`fnh the laurel +
-mancy.] Divination by means of the
laurel.
\'d8Dap"i*fer (?), n. [L.,
daps a feast + ferre to bear.]
One who brings meat to the table; hence, in some countries,
the official title of the grand master or steward of the king's
or a nobleman's household.
Dap"per (?), a. [OE.
daper; prob. fr. D. dapper brave, valiant;
akin to G. tapfer brave, OHG. taphar heavy,
weighty, OSlav. dobr good, Russ.
dobrui. Cf. Deft.] Little and
active; spruce; trim; smart; neat in dress or appearance;
lively.
He wondered how so many provinces could be held in subjection
by such a dapper little man.
Milton.
The dapper ditties that I wont devise.
Spenser.
Sharp-nosed, dapper steam yachts.
Julian Hawthorne.
Dap"per*ling (?), n. A dwarf; a
dandiprat. [r.]
Dap"ple (?), n. [Cf. Icel.
depill a spot, a dot, a dog with spots over the eyes,
dapi a pool, and E. dimple.] One
of the spots on a dappled animal.
He has . . . as many eyes on his body as my gray mare hath
dapples.
Sir P. Sidney.
{ Dap"ple (?), Dap"pled
(?) }, a. Marked with spots of
different shades of color; spotted; variegated; as, a
dapple horse.
Some dapple mists still floated along the
peaks.
Sir W. Scott.
dapple-bay; dapple-gray.
His steed was all dapple-gray.
Chaucer.
O, swiftly can speed my dapple-gray steed.
Sir W. Scott.
Dap"ple, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dappled (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Dappling.] To variegate with
spots; to spot.
The gentle day, . . .
Dapples the drowsy east with spots of gray.
Shak.
The dappled pink and blushing rose.
Prior.
Dar"bies (?), n. pl. Manacles;
handcuffs. [Cant]
Jem Clink will fetch you the darbies.
Sir W. Scott.
Derbies bands.\'b8
Dar"by (?), n. A plasterer's
float, having two handles; -- used in smoothing ceilings,
etc.
Dar"by*ite (?), n. One of the
Plymouth Brethren, or of a sect among them; -- so called from
John N. Darby, one of the leaders of the
Brethren.
Dar*da"ni*an (?), a. & n.[From
L. Dardania, poetic name of Troy.]
Trojan.
Dare (?), v. i.
[imp. Durst (?) or
Dared (/); p. p. Dared;
p. pr. & vb. n. Daring.]
[OE. I dar, dear, I dare, imp.
dorste, durste, AS. ic dear I
dare, imp. dorste. inf. durran; akin to OS.
gidar, gidorsta, gidurran, OHG.
tar, torsta, turran, Goth.
gadar, gada\'a3rsta, Gr.
tharsei^n, tharrei^n,
to be bold, tharsy`s bold, Skr.
Dhrsh to be bold. To have
adequate or sufficient courage for any purpose; to be bold or
venturesome; not to be afraid; to venture.
I dare do all that may become a man; Who
dares do more is none.
Shak.
Why then did not the ministers use their new law? Bacause they
durst not, because they could not.
Macaulay.
Who dared to sully her sweet love with
suspicion.
Thackeray.
The tie of party was stronger than the tie of blood, because a
partisan was more ready to dare without asking
why.
Jowett (Thu/yd.).
I dare, is really an
old past tense, so that the third person is he dare,
but the form he dares is now often used, and will
probably displace the obsolescent he dare, through
grammatically as incorrect as he shalls or he
cans.
Skeat.
The pore dar plede (the poor man dare
plead).
P. Plowman.
You know one dare not discover you.
Dryden.
The fellow dares nopt deceide me.
Shak.
Here boldly spread thy hands, no venom'd weed
Dares blister them, no slimly snail dare
creep.
Beau. & Fl.
durst was also used as the
present. Sometimes the old form dare is found for
durst or dared.
Dare, v. y. [imp. & p.
p. Dared; p. pr. & vb. n.
Daring.] 1. To have courage
for; to attempt courageously; to venture to do or to
undertake.
What high concentration of steady feeling makes men
dare every thing and do anything?
Bagehot.
To wrest it from barbarism, to dare its
solitudes.
The Century.
2. To challenge; to provoke; to defy.
Time, I dare thee to discover
Such a youth and such a lover.
Dryden.
Dare, n. 1. The quality of
daring; venturesomeness; boldness; dash. [R.]
It lends a luster . . .
A large dare to our great enterprise.
Shak.
2. Defiance; challenge.
Childish, unworthy dares
Are not enought to part our powers.
Chapman.
Sextus Pompeius
Hath given the dare to C\'91sar.
Shak.
Dare, v. i. [OE. darien, to
lie hidden, be timid.] To lurk; to lie hid.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dare, v. t. To terrify; to daunt.
[Obs.]
For I have done those follies, those mad mischiefs,
Would dare a woman.
Beau. & Fl.
To dare larks, to catch them by producing
terror through to use of mirrors, scarlet cloth, a hawk, etc., so
that they lie still till a net is thrown over them.
Nares.
Dare, n. [See Dace.]
(Zo\'94l.) A small fish; the dace.
Dare"-dev`il (?), n. A reckless
fellow. Also used adjectively; as, dare-devil
excitement.
A humorous dare-devil -- the very man
To suit my prpose.
Ld. Lytton.
Dare"-dev`il*try (?), n; pl.
Dare-deviltries (/). Reckless
mischief; the action of a dare-devil.
Dare"ful (?), a. Full af daring
or of defiance; adveturous. [R.]
Shak.
Dar"er (?), n. One who dares or
defies.
{ Darg, Dargue (?) },
n. [Scot., contr. fr. day work.]
A day's work; also, a fixed amount of work, whether more or
less than that of a day. [Local, Eng. & Scott]
Dar"ic (?), n. [Gr. /, of
Persian origin.]
1. (Antiq.) (a) A gold coin of
ancient Persia, weighing usually a little more than 128 grains,
and bearing on one side of the figure of an archer.
(b) A silver coin of about 86 grains, having the
figure of an archer, and hence, in modern times, called a
daric.
2. Any very pure gold coin.
Dar"ing (?), n. Boldness;
fearlessness; adventurousness; also, a daring act.
Dar"ing, a. Bold; fearless; adventurous;
as, daring spirits. --
Dar"ing*ly, adv. --
Dar"ing*ness, n.
Dark (?), a. [OE.
dark, derk, deork, AS.
dearc, deorc; cf. Gael. & Ir.
dorch, dorcha, dark, black, dusky.]
1. Destitute, or partially destitute, of light; not
receiving, reflecting, or radiating light; wholly or partially
black, or of some deep shade of color; not light-colored; as,
a dark room; a dark day; dark cloth;
dark paint; a dark complexion.
O dark, dark, dark, amid the
blaze of noon,
Irrecoverable dark, total eclipse
Without all hope of day!
milton.
In the dark and silent grave.
Sir W. Raleigh.
2. Not clear to the understanding; not easily /
through; obscure; mysterious; hidden.
The dark problems of existence.
Shairp.
What may seem dark at the first, will afterward be
found more plain.
Hooker.
What's your dark meaning, mouse, of this light
word?
Shak.
3. Destitute of knowledge and culture; in moral or
intellectual darkness; unrefined; ignorant.
The age wherin he lived was dark, but he
Cobld not want light who taught the world oto see.
Denhan.
The tenth century used to be reckoned by medi\'91val
historians as the darkest part of this intellectual
night.
Hallam.
4. Evincing blaxk or foul traits of character;
vile; wicked; atrocious; as, a dark villain; a
dark deed.
Left him at large to his own dark designs.
Milton.
5. Foreboding evil; gloomy; jealous;
suspicious.
More dark and dark our woes.
Shak.
A deep melancholy took possesion of him, and gave a
dark tinge to all his views of human nature.
Macaulay.
There is, in every true woman-s heart, a spark of heavenly
fire, which beams and blazes in the dark hour of
adversity.
W. Irving.
6. Deprived of sight; blind.
[Obs.]
He was, I think, at this time quite dark, and so
had been for some years.
Evelyn.
Dark is sometimes used to qualify another
adjective; as, dark blue, dark green, and
sometimes it forms the first part of a compound; as,
dark-haired, dark-eyed, dark-colored,
dark-seated, dark-working.
A dark horse, in racing or politics, a horse
or a candidate whose chances of success are not known, and whose
capabilities have not been made the subject of general comment or
of wagers. [Colloq.] -- Dark
house, Dark room, a house or room in
which madmen were confined. [Obs.]
Shak. -- Dark lantern. See
Lantern. -- The Dark Ages, a period
of stagnation and obscurity in literature and art, lasting,
according to Hallam, nearly 1000 years, from about 500 to about
1500 A. D.. See Middle Ages, under
Middle. -- The Dark and Bloody Ground,
a phrase applied to the State of Kentucky, and said to be the
significance of its name, in allusion to the frequent wars that
were waged there between Indians. -- The dark
day, a day (May 19, 1780) when a remarkable and
unexplained darkness extended over all New England. --
To keep dark, to reveal nothing.
[Low]
Dark (?), n. 1.
Absence of light; darkness; obscurity; a place where there
is little or no light.
Here stood he in the dark, his sharp sword out.
Shak.
2. The condition of ignorance; gloom;
secrecy.
Look, what you do, you do it still i' th' dark.
Shak.
Till we perceive by our own understandings, we are as muc/
in the dark, and as void of knowledge, as before.
Locke.
3. (Fine Arts) A dark shade or dark
passage in a painting, engraving, or the like; as, the light
and darks are well contrasted.
The lights may serve for a repose to the darks, and
the darks to the lights.
Dryden.
Dark, v. t. To darken to obscure.
[Obs.]
Milton.
Dark"en (?), v. t.
[Imp. & p. p. Darkened
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Darkening
(?).] [AS. deorcian. See
Dark, a.] 1. To make dark
or black; to deprite of light; to obscure; as, a
darkened room.
They [locusts] covered the face of the whole earth, so that
the land was darkened.
Ex. x. 15.
So spake the Sovran Voice; and clouds began
To darken all the hill.
Milton.
2. To render dim; to deprive of vision.
Let their eyes be darkened, that they may not
see.
Rom. xi. 10.
3. To cloud, obscure, or perplex; to render less
clear or intelligible.
Such was his wisdom that his confidence did seldom
darkenhis foresight.
Bacon.
Who is this that darkeneth counsel by words without
knowledge?
Job. xxxviii. 2.
4. To cast a gloom upon.
With these forced thoughts, I prithee, darken not
The mirth of the feast.
Shak.
5. To make foul; to sully; to tarnish.
I must not think there are
Evils enough to darken all his goodness.
Shak.
Dark"en, v. i. To grow or darker.
Dark"en*er (?), n. One who, or
that which, darkens.
Dark"en*ing, n. Twilight;
gloaming. [Prov. Eng. & Scot.]
Wright.
Dark"ful (?), a. Full of
darkness. [Obs.]
Dark"ish (?), a. Somewhat dark;
dusky.
Dar"kle (?), v. i. [Freq. of
dark.] To grow dark; to show
indistinctly.
Thackeray.
Dark"ling (?), adv.
[Dark + the adverbial suffix
-ling.] In the dark.
[Poetic]
So, out went the candle, and we were left
darkling.
Shak.
As the wakeful bird
Sings darkling.
Milton.
Dark"ling, p. pr. & a. 1.
Becoming dark or gloomy; frowing.
His honest brows darkling as he looked towards
me.
Thackeray.
2. Dark; gloomy. \'bdThe darkling
precipice.\'b8
Moore.
Dark"ly, adv. 1. With imperfect
light, clearness, or knowledge; obscurely; dimly; blindly;
uncertainly.
What fame to future times conveys but darkly
down.
Dryden.
so softly dark and darkly pure.
Byron.
2. With a dark, gloomy, cruel, or menacing
look.
Looking darkly at the clerguman.
Hawthorne.
Dark"ness, n. 1. The absence of
light; blackness; obscurity; gloom.
And darkness was upon the face of the deep.
Gen. i. 2.
2. A state of privacy; secrecy.
What I tell you in darkness, that speak ye in
light.
Matt. x. 27.
3. A state of ignorance or error, especially on
moral or religious subjects; hence, wickedness; impurity.
Men loved darkness rather than light, because their
deeds were evil.
John. iii. 19.
Pursue these sons of darkness: drive them out
From all heaven's bounds.
Milton.
4. Want of clearness or perspicuity; obscurity;
as, the darkness of a subject, or of a
discussion.
5. A state of distress or trouble.
A day of clouds and of thick darkness.
Joel. ii. 2.
Prince of darkness, the Devil; Satan. \'bdIn
the power of the Prince of darkness.\'b8
Locke.
Syn. -- Darkness, Dimness,
Obscurity, Gloom.
Darkness arises from a total, and dimness
from a partial, want of light. A thing is obscure when
so overclouded or covered as not to be easily perceived. As tha
shade or obscurity increases, it deepens into
gloom. What is dark is hidden from view;
what is obscure is difficult to perceive or penetrate;
the eye becomes dim with age; an impending storm fills
the atmosphere with gloom. When taken figuratively,
these words have a like use; as, the darkness of
ignorance; dimness of discernment;
obscurity of reasoning; gloom of
superstition.
Dark"some (?), a. Dark; gloomy;
obscure; shaded; cheerless. [Poetic]
He brought him through a darksome narrow pass
To a broad gate, all built of beaten gold.
Spenser.
Dark"y (?), n. A negro.
[Sleng]
Dar"ling (?), n. [OE.
derling, deorling, AS.
de\'a2rling; de\'a2re dear +
-ling. See Dear, and -ling.]
One dearly beloved; a favorite.
And can do naught but wail her darling's loss.
Shak.
Dar"ling, a. Dearly beloved; regarded
with especial kindness and tenderness; favorite. \'bdSome
darling science.\'b8 I. Watts.
\'bdDarling sin.\'b8 Macaulay.
\'d8Dar`ling*to"ni*a (?), n.
[NL. Named after Dr. William Darlington, a
botanist of West Chester, Penn.] (Bot.) A
genus of California pitcher plants consisting of a single
species. The long tubular leaves are hooded at the top, and
frequently contain many insects drowned in the secretion of the
leaves.
Darn (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Darned (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Darning.]
[OE. derne, prob. of Celtic origin; cf. W.
darnio to piece, break in pieces, W. & Arm. to E.
tear. Cf. Tear, v. t.]
To mend as a rent or hole, with interlacing stitches of yarn
or thread by means of a needle; to sew together with yarn or
thread.
He spent every day ten hours in his closet, in
darning his stockins.
Swift.
Darning last. See under Last. --
Darning needle. (a) A long, strong needle
for mending holes or rents, especially in stockings.
(b) (Zo\'94l.) Any species of dragon fly,
having a long, cylindrical body, resembling a needle. These flies
are harmless and without stings. [In this sense, usually
written with a hyphen.] Called also devil's
darning-needle.
Darn, n. A place mended by
darning.
Darn, v. t. A colloquial euphemism for
Damn.
Dar"nel (?), n. [OE.
darnel, dernel, of uncertain origin; cf.
dial. F. darnelle, Sw. d\'86r-repe; perh.
named from a supposed intoxicating quality of the plant, and akin
to Sw. d\'86ra to infatuate, OD. door
foolish, G. thor fool, and Ee.
dizzy.] (Bot.) Any grass of the
genus Lolium, esp. the Lolium temulentum
(bearded darnel), the grains of which have been reputed
poisonous. Other species, as Lolium perenne (rye grass
or ray grass), and its variety L. Italicum (Italian
rye grass), are highly esteemed for pasture and for making
hay.
darnel our early herbalists
comprehended all kinds of cornfield weeds.
Dr. Prior.
Darn"er (?), n. One who mends
by darning.
{ Dar"nex (?), Dar"nic
(?), } n. Same as
Dornick.
\'d8Da*roo", n. (Bot.) The
Egyptian sycamore (Ficus Sycamorus). See
Sycamore.
Darr (?), n. (Zo\'94l.)
The European black tern.
{ Dar"raign, Dar"rain, }
(?), v. t. [OF. deraisnier to
explain, defend, to maintain in legal action by proof and
reasonings, LL. derationare; de- +
rationare to discourse, contend in law, fr. L.
ratio reason, in LL., legal cause. Cf.
Arraign, and see Reason.] 1.
To make ready to fight; to array. [Obs.]
Darrain your battle, for they are at hand.
Shak.
2. To fight out; to contest; to decide by
combat. [Obs.] \'bdTo darrain the
battle.\'b8
Chaucer .
Dar"rein, a. [OF. darrein,
darrain, fr. an assumed LL. deretranus; L.
de + retro back, backward.]
(Law) Last; as, darrein continuance,
the last continuance.
Dart (?), n. [OF.
dart, of German origin; cf. OHG. tart
javelin, dart, AS. dara/, daro/, Sw.
dart dagger, Icel. darra/r dart.]
1. A pointed missile weapon, intended to be thrown
by the hand; a short lance; a javelin; hence, any sharp-pointed
missile weapon, as an arrow.
And he [Joab] took three darts in his hand, and
thrust them through the heart of Absalom.
2 Sa. xviii. 14.
2. Anything resembling a dart; anything that
pierces or wounds like a dart.
The artful inquiry, whose venomed dart
Scarce wounds the hearing while it stabs the heart.
Hannan More.
3. A spear set as a prize in running.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
4. (Zo\'94l.) A fish; the dace. See
Dace.
Dart sac (Zo\'94l.), a sac
connected with the reproductive organs of land snails, which
contains a dart, or arrowlike structure.
Dart, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Darted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Darting.] 1. To throw with a
sudden effort or thrust, as a dart or other missile weapon; to
hurl or launch.
2. To throw suddenly or rapidly; to send forth; to
emit; to shoot; as, the sun darts forth his
beams.
Or what ill eyes malignant glances dart?
Pope.
Dart, v. i. 1. To fly or pass
swiftly, as a dart.
2. To start and run with velocity; to shoot rapidly
along; as, the deer darted from the
thicket.
Dar"tars (?), n. [F.
dartre eruption, dandruff. /240.] A kind
of scab or ulceration on the skin of lambs.
Dart"er (?), n. 1. One
who darts, or who throw darts; that which darts.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The snakebird, a water
bird of the genus Plotus; -- so called because it
darts out its long, snakelike neck at its prey. See
Snakebird.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A small fresh-water
etheostomoid fish. The group includes numerous genera and
species, all of them American. See Etheostomoid.
Dart"ing*ly (?), adv. Like a
dart; rapidly.
Dar"tle (?), v. t. & i. To
pierce or shoot through; to dart repeatedly: -- frequentative of
dart.
My star that dartles the red and the blue.
R. Browning.
Dar*to"ic (?), a. (Anat.)
Of or pertaining to the dartos.
Dar"toid (?), a.
[Dartos + -oid.]
(Anat.) Like the dartos; dartoic; as,
dartoid tissue.
\'d8Dar"tos (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. / flayed.] (Anat.) A thin
layer of peculiar contractile tissue directly beneath the skin of
the scrotum.
Dar"trous (?), a. [F.
dartreux. See Dartars.]
(Med.) Relating to, or partaking of the nature
of, the disease called tetter; herpetic.
Dartroud diathesis, A morbid condition of the
system predisposing to the development of certain skin deseases,
such as eczema, psoriasis, and pityriasis. Also called
rheumic diathesis, and hipretism.
Piffard.
Dar*win"i*an (?), a. [From the
name of Charles Darwin, an English scientist.]
Pertaining to Darwin; as, the Darwinian theory,
a theory of the manner and cause of the supposed development of
living things from certain original forms or elements.
natural
selection or the survival of the fillest. He
also argues that natural selection is capable of modifying and
producing organisms fit for their circumstances. See
Development theory, under
Development.
Dar*win"i*an, n. An advocate of
Darwinism.
Dar*win"i*an*ism (?), n.
Darwinism.
Dar"win*ism (?), n.
(Biol.) The theory or doctrines put forth by
Darwin. See above.
Huxley.
Dase (?), v. t. See
Daze. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dase"we (?), v. i. [OE.
dasewen, daswen; cf. AS.
dysegian to be foolish.] To become
dim-sighted; to become dazed or dazzled.
[Obs.]
Chauscer.
Dash (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dashed (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Dashing.]
[Of. Scand. origin; cf. Dan daske to beat,
strike, Sw. & Icel. daska, Dan. & Sw. dask
blow.] 1. To throw with violence or haste; to
cause to strike violently or hastily; -- often used with
against.
If you dash a stone against a stone in the botton
of the water, it maketh a sound.
Bacon.
2. To break, as by throwing or by collision; to
shatter; to crust; to frustrate; to ruin.
Thou shalt dash them in pieces like a potter's
vessel.
Ps. ii. 9.
A brave vessel, . . .
Dashed all to pieces.
Shak.
To perplex and dash
Maturest counsels.
Milton.
3. To put to shame; to confound; to confuse; to
abash; to depress.
South.
Dash the proud games/er in his gilded car.
Pope.
4. To throw in or on in a rapid, careless manner;
to mix, reduce, or adulterate, by throwing in something of an
inferior quality; to overspread partially; to bespatter; to touch
here and there; as, to dash wine with water; to
dash paint upon a picture.
I take care to dash the character with such
particular circumstance as may prevent ill-natured
applications.
Addison.
The very source and fount of day
Is dashed with wandering isles of night.
Tennyson.
5. To form or sketch rapidly or carelessly; to
execute rapidly, or with careless haste; -- with off;
as, to dash off a review or sermon.
6. To erase by a stroke; to strike out; knock out;
-- with out; as, to dash out a
word.
Dash, v. i. To rust with violence; to
move impetuously; to strike violently; as, the waves
dash upon rocks.
[He] dashed through thick and thin.
Dryden.
On each hand the gushing waters play,
And down the rough cascade all dashing fall.
Thomson.
Dash, n. 1. Violent striking
together of two bodies; collision; crash.
2. A sudden check; abashment; frustration; ruin;
as, his hopes received a dash.
3. A slight admixture, infusion, or adulteration; a
partial overspreading; as, wine with a dash of
water; red with a dash of purple.
Innocence when it has in it a dash of folly.
Addison.
4. A rapid movement, esp. one of short duration; a
quick stroke or blow; a sudden onset or rush; as, a bold
dash at the enemy; a dash of rain.
She takes upon her bravely at first dash.
Shak.
5. Energy in style or action; animation;
spirit.
6. A vain show; a blustering parade; a flourish;
as, to make or cut a great dash.
[Low]
7. (Punctuation) A mark or line [--], in
writing or printing, denoting a sudden break, stop, or transition
in a sentence, or an abrupt change in its construction, a long or
significant pause, or an unexpected or epigrammatic turn of
sentiment. Dashes are also sometimes used instead of marks or
parenthesis.
John Wilson.
8. (Mus.) (a) The sign of
staccato, a small mark [/] denoting that the note over which it
is placed is to be performed in a short, distinct manner.
(b) The line drawn through a figure in the thorough
bass, as a direction to raise the interval a semitone.
9. (Racing) A short, spirited effort or
trial of speed upon a race course; -- used in horse racing, when
a single trial constitutes the race.
Dash"board` (?), n. 1.
A board placed on the fore part of a carriage, sleigh, or
other vechicle, to intercept water, mud, or snow, thrown up by
the heels of the horses; -- in England commonly called
splashboard.
2. (Naut.) (a) The float of a
paddle wheel. (b) A screen at the bow af a
steam launch to keep off the spray; -- called also
sprayboard.
Dash"er (?), n. 1.
That which dashes or agitates; as, the dasher
of a churn.
2. A dashboard or splashboard. [U.
S.]
3. One who makes an ostentatious parade.
[Low]
Dash"ing, a. Bold; spirited;
showy.
The dashing and daring spirit is preferable to the
listless.
T. Campbell.
Dash"ing*ly, adv. Conspicuously;
showily. [Colloq.]
A dashingly dressed gentleman.
Hawthorne.
Dash"ism (?), n. The character
of making ostentatious or blustering parade or show.
[R. & Colloq.]
He must fight a duel before his claim to . . .
dashism can be universally allowed.
V. Knox.
Dash"pot` (?), n. (Mach.)
A pneumatic or hydraulic cushion for a falling weight, as in
the valve gear of a steam engine, to prevent shock.
<-- letters refer to illustration -->
a), attached to the weight,
falls freely until it enters a space (as below the openings,
b) from which the air or liquid can escape but slowly
(as through cock c), when its fall is gradually
checked.
A cataract of an engine is sometimes called a
dashpot.
Dash"y (?), a. [From
Dash.] Calculated to arrest attention;
ostentatiously fashionable; showy. [Colloq.]
Das"tard (?), n. [Prob. from
Icel. d\'91str exhausted. breathless, p. p. of
d\'91sa to groan, lose one's breath; cf.
dasask to become exhausted, and E.
daze.] One who meanly shrinks from danger;
an arrant coward; a poltroon.
You are all recreants and dashtards, and delight to
live in slavery to the nobility.
Shak.
Das"tard, a. Meanly shrinking from
danger; cowardly; dastardly. \'bdTheir dastard
souls.\'b8
Addison.
Das"tard, v. t. To dastardize.
[R.]
Dryden.
Das"tard*ize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dastardized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dastardizing.] To make cowardly; to
intimidate; to dispirit; as, to dastardize my
courage.
Dryden.
Das"tard*li*ness (?), n. The
quality of being dastardly; cowardice; base fear.
Das"tard*ly, a. Meanly timid; cowardly;
base; as, a dastardly outrage.
Das"tard*ness, n. Dastardliness.
Das"tard*y (?), n. Base
timidity; cowardliness.
Das"we (?), v. i. See
Dasewe [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Da*sym"e*ter (?), n. [Gr.
/ rough, thick + -meter.]
(Physics) An instrument for testing the density
of gases, consisting of a thin glass globe, which is weighed in
the gas or gases, and then in an atmosphere of known
density.
Das`y*p\'91"dal (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Dasyp\'91dic.
\'d8Das`y*p\'91"des (?), n. pl.
[NL., from Gr. / hairy, shaggy +
/, /, a child.]
(Zo\'94l.) Those birds whose young are covered
with down when hatched.
Das`y*p\'91"dic (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the Dasyp\'91des;
ptilop\'91dic.
Das"y*ure (?), n. [Gr.
/ thick, shaggy + / tail: cf. F.
dasyure.] (Zo\'94l.) A
carnivorous marsupial quadruped of Australia, belonging to the
genus Dasyurus. There are several species.
Das`y*u"rine (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to, or like, the
dasyures.
\'d8Da"ta (?), n. pl. [L.
pl. of datum.] See
Datum.
Dat"a*ble (?), a. That may be
dated; having a known or ascertainable date.
\'bdDatable almost to a year.\'b8
The Century.
\'d8Da*ta"ri*a (?), n. [LL.,
fr. L. datum given.] (R. C. Ch.)
Formerly, a part of the Roman chancery; now, a separate
office from which are sent graces or favors, cognizable in
foro externo, such as appointments to benefices. The name
is derived from the word datum, given or dated (with
the indications of the time and place of granting the gift or
favor).
Da"ta*ry (?), n. [LL.
datarius. See Dataria.] 1.
(R. C. Ch.) An officer in the pope's court,
having charge of the Dataria.
2. The office or employment of a datary.
Date, n.[F. datte, L.
dactylus, fr. Gr. /, prob. not the same
word as / finger, but of Semitic origin.]
(Bot.) The fruit of the date palm; also, the date
palm itself.
Date palm, Date tree
(Bot.), the genus of palms which bear dates, of
which common species is Ph\'d2nix dactylifera.
See Illust. -- Date plum (Bot.),
the fruit of several species of Diospyros,
including the American and Japanese persimmons, and the European
lotus (D. Lotus). -- Date shell,
Date fish (Zo\'94l.), a
bivalve shell, or its inhabitant, of the genus Pholas,
and allied genera. See Pholas.
<-- p. 370 -->
Date (?), n. [F.
date, LL. data, fr. L. datus
given, p.p. of dare to give; akin to Gr.
/, OSlaw. dati, Skr. d\'be.
Cf. Datum, Dose, Dato,
Die.] 1. That addition to a writing,
inscription, coin, etc., which specifies the time (as day, month,
and year) when the writing or inscription was given, or executed,
or made; as, the date of a letter, of a will, of a
deed, of a coin. etc.
And bonds without a date, they say, are void.
Dryden.
2. The point of time at which a transaction or
event takes place, or is appointed to take place; a given point
of time; epoch; as, the date of a battle.
He at once,
Down the long series of eventful time,
So fixed the dates of being, so disposed
To every living soul of every kind
The field of motion, and the hour of rest.
Akenside.
3. Assigned end; conclusion.
[R.]
What Time would spare, from Steel receives its
date.
Pope.
4. Given or assigned length of life;
dyration. [Obs.]
Good luck prolonged hath thy date.
Spenser.
Through his life's whole date.
Chapman.
To bear date, to have the date named on the
face of it; -- said of a writing.
Date, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Dating.] [Cf. F. dater. See
2d Date.] 1. To note the time of
writing or executing; to express in an instrument the time of its
execution; as, to date a letter, a bond, a deed, or
a charter.
2. To note or fix the time of, as of an event; to
give the date of; as, to date the building of the
pyramids.
dated at or from a
place.
The letter is dated at Philadephia.
G. T. Curtis.
You will be suprised, I don't question, to find among your
correspondencies in foreign parts, a letter dated from
Blois.
Addison.
In the countries of his jornal seems to have been written;
parts of it are dated from them.
M. Arnold.
Date, v. i. To have beginning; to begin;
to be dated or reckoned; -- with from.
The Batavian republic dates from the successes of
the French arms.
E. Everett.
Date"less, a. Without date; having no
fixed time.
Dat"er (?), n. One who
dates.
Da*tis"cin (?), n.
(Chem.) A white crystalline glucoside extracted
from the bastard hemp (Datisca cannabina).
Da"tive (?), a. [L.
dativus appropriate to giving, fr. dare to
give. See 2d Date.] 1. (Gram.)
Noting the case of a noun which expresses the remoter
object, and is generally indicated in English by to or
for with the objective.
2. (Law) (a) In one's gift;
capable of being disposed of at will and pleasure, as an
office. (b) Removable, as distinguished from
perpetual; -- said of an officer. (c) Given
by a magistrate, as distinguished from being cast upon a party by
the law.
Burril. Bouvier.
Dative executor, one appointed by the judge of
probate, his office answering to that of an
administrator.
Da"tive, n. [L.
dativus.] The dative case. See
Dative, a., 1.
Da"tive*ly, adv. As a gift.
[R.]
Dat"o*lite (?), n. [From. Gr.
/ to divide + -lite; in allusion to the
granular structure of a massive variety.] (Min.)
A borosilicate of lime commonly occuring in glassy,,
greenish crystals. [Written also
datholite.]
\'d8Da"tum (?), n.; pl.
Data (#). [L. See 2d
Date.] 1. Something given or
admitted; a fact or principle granted; that upon which an
inference or an argument is based; -- used chiefly in the
plural.
Any writer, therefore, who . . . furnishes us with
data sufficient to determine the time in which he
wrote.
Priestley.
2. pl. (Math.) The
quantities or relations which are assumed to be given in any
problem.
Datum line (Surv.), the horizontal
or base line, from which the heights of points are reckoned or
measured, as in the plan of a railway, etc.
\'d8Da*tu"ra (?), n. [NL.; cf.
Skr. dhatt/ra, Per. & Ar. tat/ra,
Tat/la.] (Bot.) A genus of
solanaceous plants, with large funnel-shaped flowers and a
four-celled, capsular fruit.
D.
stramonium), with a prickly capsule (see Illust.
of capsule), white flowers and green stem, and D.
tatula, with a purplish tinge of the stem and flowers. Both
are narcotic and dangerously poisonous.
Da*tu"rine (?), n. [From
Datura.] (Chem.) Atropine; --
called also daturia and
daturina.
Daub (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Daubed (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Daubing.]
[OE. dauben to smear, OF. dauber to
plaster, fr. L. dealbare to whitewash, plaster;
de- + albare to whiten, fr.
albus white, perh. also confused with W.
dwb plaster, dwbio to plaster, Ir. & OGael.
dob plaster. See Alb, and cf.
Dealbate.] 1. To smear with soft,
adhesive matter, as pitch, slime, mud, etc.; to plaster; to
bedaub; to besmear.
She took for him an ark of bulrushes, and daubed it
with slime and with pitch.
Ex. ii. 3.
2. To paint in a coarse or unskillful manner.
If a picture is daubed with many bright and glaring
colors, the vulgar admire it is an excellent piece.
I. Watts.
A lame, imperfect piece, rudely daubed over.
Dryden.
3. To cover with a specious or deceitful exterior;
to disguise; to conceal.
So smooth he daubed his vice with show of
virtue.
Shak.
4. To flatter excessively or glossy.
[R.]
I can safely say, however, that, without any
daubing at all,
I am very sincerely your very affectionate, humble servant.
Smollett.
5. To put on without taste; to deck gaudily.
[R.]
Let him be daubed with lace.
Dryden.
Daub (?), v. i. To smear; to
play the flatterer.
His conscience . . . will not daub nor flatter.
South.
Daub, n. 1. A viscous, sticky
application; a spot smeared or dabed; a smear.
2. (Paint.) A picture coarsely
executed.
Did you . . . take a look at the grand picture? . . . 'T is a
melancholy daub, my lord.
Sterne.
Daub"er (?), n. 1. One
who, or that which, daubs; especially, a coarse, unskillful
painter.
2. (Copperplate Print.) A pad or ball of
rags, covered over with canvas, for inking plates; a
dabber.
3. A low and gross flattere.
4. (Zo\'94l.) The mud wasp; the mud
dauber.
{ Daub"er*y (?), Daub"ry
(?) }, n. A daubing; specious
coloring; false pretenses.
She works by charms, by spells, by the figure, and such
daubery as this is.
Shak.
Daub"ing, n. 1. The act of one
who daubs; that which is daubed.
2. A rough coat of mortar put upon a wall to give
it the appearance of stone; rough-cast.
3. In currying, a mixture of fish oil and tallow
worked into leather; -- called also
dubbing.
Knight.
Dau"bree*lite (?), n. [From
Daubr\'82e, a French mineralogist.]
(Min.) A sulphide of chromium observed in some
meteoric irons.
Daub"y (?), a. Smeary; viscous;
glutinous; adhesive. \'bdDauby wax.\'b8
Daugh"ter (?), n.; pl.
Daughters (#); obs. pl.
Daughtren (#). [OE.
doughter, doghter, dohter, AS.
dohtor, dohter; akin to OS.
dohtar, D. dochter, G. tochter,
Icel. d/tir, Sw. dotter, Dan.
dotter, datter, Goth.
da\'a3htar,, OSlav. d/shti, Russ.
doche, Lith. dukt/, Gr. /,
Zen/. dughdhar, Skr. duhit/; possibly
originally, the milker, cf. Skr. duh to milk.
1. The female offspring of
the human species; a female child of any age; -- applied also to
the lower animals.
2. A female descendant; a woman.
This woman, being a daughter of Abraham.
Luke xiii. 16.
Dinah, the daughter of Leah, which she bare unto
Jacob, went out to see the daughter of the land.
Gen. xxxiv. 1.
3. A son's wife; a daughter-in-law.
And Naomi said, Turn again, my daughters.
Ruth. i. 11.
4. A term of adress indicating parental
interest.
Daughter, be of good comfort.
Matt. ix. 22.
Daughter cell (Biol.), one of the
cells formed by cell division. See Cell division,
under Division.
Daugh"ter-in-law` (?), n.; pl.
Daughters-in-law. The wife of one's son.
Daugh"ter*li*ness (?), n. The
state of a daughter, or the conduct becoming a daughter.
Daugh"ter*ly, a. Becoming a daughter;
filial.
Sir Thomas liked her natural and dear daughterly
affection towards him.
Cavendish.
Dauk (?), v. t. See
Dawk, v. t., to cut or gush.
Daun (?), n. A variant of
Dan, a title of honor. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Daunt (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Daunted; p. pr.
& vb. n. Daunting.] [OF.
danter, F. dompter to tame, subdue, fr. L.
domitare, v. intens. of domare to tame. See
Tame.] 1. To overcome; to
conquer. [Obs.]
2. To repress or subdue the courage of; to check by
fear of danger; to cow; to intimidate; to dishearten.
Some presences daunt and discourage us.
Glanvill.
Syn. -- To dismay; appall. See Dismay.
Daunt"er (?), n. One who
daunts.
Daunt"less, a. Incapable of being
daunted; undaunted; bold; fearless; intrepid.
Dauntless he rose, and to the fight returned.
Dryden.
-- Daunt"less*ly, adv. --
Daunt"less*ness, n.
Dau"phin (?), n. [F.
dauphin, prop., a dolphin, from L.
delphinus. See Dolphin. The name was given,
for some reason unexplained, to Guigo, count of Vienne, in the
12th century, and was borne by succeeding counts of Vienne. In
1349, Dauphiny was bequeathed to Philippe de Valois, king of
France, on condition that the heir of the crown should always
hold the title of Dauphin de Viennois.] The
title of the eldest son of the king of France, and heir to the
crown. Since the revolution of 1830, the title has been
discontinued.
{ Dau"phin*ess (?), Dau"phine (?) }, n. The
title of the wife of the dauphin.
\'d8Dauw (?), n. [D.]
(Zo\'94l.) The striped quagga, or Burchell's
zebra, of South Africa (Asinus Burchellii); -- called
also peechi, or
peetsi.
Dav"en*port (?), n. [From the
name of the original maker. Encyc. Dict.] A
kind of small writing table, generally somewhat ornamental, and
forming a piece of furniture for the parlor or boudoir.
A much battered davenport in one of the windows, at
which sat a lady writing.
A. B. Edwards.
Da*vid"ic (?), a. Of or
pertaining to David, the king and psalmist of Israel, or to his
family.
Dav"it (?), n. [Cf. F.
davier forceps, davit, cooper's instrument, G.
david davit; all probably from the proper name
David.] (Naut.) (a) A
spar formerly used on board of ships, as a crane to hoist the
flukes of the anchor to the top of the bow, without injuring the
sides of the ship; -- called also the fish
davit. (b) pl. Curved
arms of timber or iron, projecting over a ship's side of stern,
having tackle to raise or lower a boat, swing it in on deck, rig
it out for lowering, etc.; -- called also boat
davits.
Totten.
Da"vy Jones" (?). The spirit of the sea;
sea devil; -- a term used by sailors.
This same Davy Jones, according to the mythology of
sailors, is the fiend that presides over all the evil spirits of
the deep, and is seen in various shapes warning the devoted
wretch of death and woe.
Smollett.
Davy Jones's Locker, the ocean, or bottom of
the ocean. -- Gone to Davy Jones's Locker,
dead, and buried in the sea; thrown overboard.
Da"vy lamp` (?). See Safety
lamp, under Lamp.
Da"vyne (?), n. [See
Davyum.] (Min.) A variety of
nephelite from Vesuvius.
Da"vy*um (?), n. [Named after
Sir Humphry Davy, the English chemist.]
(Chem.) A rare metallic element found in platinum
ore. It is a white malleable substance. Symbol Da. Atomic weight
154.<-- ? Europium is 152(the closest)? -->
Daw (?), n. [OE.
dawe; akin to OHG. t\'beha, MHG.
t\'behe, t\'behele, G. dohle.
Cf. Caddow.] (Zo\'94l.) A European
bird of the Crow family (Corvus monedula), often
nesting in church towers and ruins; a jackdaw.
The loud daw, his throat
displaying, draw
The whole assembly of his fellow daws.
Waller.
daw was reckoned as a silly bird, and
a daw meant a simpleton. See in Shakespeare: --
\'bdThen thou dwellest with daws too.\'b8
(Coriolanus iv. 5, 1. 47.)
Skeat.
Daw, v. i. [OE. dawen. See
Dawn.] To dawn. [Obs.] See
Dawn.
Daw, v. t. [Contr. fr.
Adaw.] 1. To rouse.
[Obs.]
2. To daunt; to terrify. [Obs.]
B. Jonson.
Daw"dle (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Dawdled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dawdling
(?).] [Cf. Daddle.]
To waste time in trifling employment; to trifle; to
saunter.
Come some evening and dawdle over a dish of tea
with me.
Johnson.
We . . . dawdle up and down Pall Mall.
Thackeray.
Daw"dle, v. t. To waste by trifling;
as, to dawdle away a whole morning.
Daw"dle, n. A dawdler.
Colman & Carrick.
Daw"dler (?), n. One who wastes
time in trifling employments; an idler; a trifler.
Dawe (?), n. [See
Day.] Day. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Daw"ish (?), a. Like a
daw.
\'d8Dawk (?), n. See
Dak.
Dawk, v. t. [Prov. E. dauk to
cut or pierce with a jerk; cf. OE. dalk a dimple. Cf.
Ir. tolch, tollachd, tolladh, a
hole, crevice, toll to bore, pierce, W.
tyllu.] To cut or mark with an incision; to
gash.
Moxon.
Dawk, n. A hollow, crack, or cut, in
timber.
Moxon.
Dawn (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Dawned (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Dawning.]
[OE. dawnen, dawen, dagen,
daien, AS. dagian to become day, to dawn,
fr. d\'91g day; akin to D. dagen, G.
tagen, Icel. daga, Dan. dages,
Sw. dagas. See Day. /71.] 1.
To begin to grow light in the morning; to grow light; to
break, or begin to appear; as, the day dawns; the
morning dawns.
In the end of the Sabbath, as it began to dawn
toward the first day of the week, came Mary Magdalene . . . to
see the sepulcher.
Matt. xxviii. 1.
2. To began to give promise; to begin to appear or
to expand. \'bdIn dawning youth.\'b8
Dryden.
When life awakes, and dawns at every line.
Pope.
Dawn on our darkness and lend us thine aid.
Heber,
Dawn, n. 1. The break of day;
the first appeareance of light in the morning; show of
approaching sunrise.
And oft at dawn, deep noon, or falling eve.
Thomson.
No sun, no moon, no morn, no noon,
No dawn, no dusk, no proper time of day.
Hood.
2. First opening or expansion; first appearance;
beginning; rise. \'bdThe dawn of time.\'b8
Thomson.
These tender circumstances diffuse a dawn of
serenity over the soul.
Pope.
Daw"son*ite (?), n. [Named
after J. W. Dawson of Montreal.]
(Min.) A hydrous carbonate of alumina and soda,
occuring in white, bladed crustals.
Day (?), n. [OE.
day, dai,, dei, AS.
d\'91g; akin to OS., D., Dan., & Sw. dag,
G, tag, Icel. dagr, Goth. dags;
cf. Skr. dah (for dhagh ?) to burn. \'fb69.
Cf. Dawn.]
1. The time of light, or interval between one night
and the next; the time between sunrise and sunset, or from dawn
to darkness; hence, the light; sunshine.
2. The period of the earth's revolution on its
axis. -- ordinarily divided into twenty-four hours. It is
measured by the interval between two successive transits of a
celestial body over the same meridian, and takes a specific name
from that of the body. Thus, if this is the sun, the day (the
interval between two successive transits of the sun's center over
the same meridian) is called a solar day; if it is
a star, a sidereal day; if it is the moon, a
lunar day. See Civil day,
Sidereal day, below.
3. Those hours, or the daily recurring period,
allotted by usage or law for work.
4. A specified time or period; time, considered
with reference to the existence or prominence of a person or
thing; age; time.
A man who was great among the Hellenes of his
day.
Jowett (Thucyd. )
If my debtors do not keep their day, . . .
I must with patience all the terms attend.
Dryden.
5. (Preceded by the) Some day in
particular, as some day of contest, some anniversary, etc.
The field of Agincourt,
Fought on the day of Crispin Crispianus.
Shak.
His name struck fear, his conduct won the day.
Roscommon.
Day is much used in self-explaining
compounds; as, daybreak, daylight,
workday, etc.
<-- p. 371 -->
Anniversary day. See Anniversary,
n. -- Astronomical day, a period
equal to the mean solar day, but beginning at noon instead of at
midnight, its twenty-four hours being numbered from 1 to 24;
also, the sidereal day, as that most used by astronomers. --
Born days. See under Born. --
Canicular days. See Dog day. --
Civil day, the mean solar day, used in the
ordinary reckoning of time, and among most modern nations
beginning at mean midnight; its hours are usually numbered in two
series, each from 1 to 12. This is the period recognized by
courts as constituting a day. The Babylonians and Hindoos began
their day at sunrise, the Athenians and Jews at sunset, the
ancient Egyptians and Romans at midnight. -- Day
blindness. (Med.) See
Nyctalopia. -- Day by day, Day after day, daily; every day;
continually; without intermission of a day. See under
By. \'bdDay by day we magnify thee.\'b8
Book of Common Prayer. -- Days in bank
(Eng. Law), certain stated days for the return of
writs and the appearance of parties; -- so called because
originally peculiar to the Court of Common Bench, or Bench
(bank) as it was formerly termed.
Burrill. -- Day in court, a day for
the appearance of parties in a suit. -- Days of
devotion (R. C. Ch.), certain festivals on
which devotion leads the faithful to attend mass.
Shipley. -- Days of grace. See
Grace. -- Days of obligation (R. C.
Ch.), festival days when it is obligatory on the
faithful to attend Mass. Shipley. -- Day
owl, (Zo\'94l.), an owl that flies by day.
See Hawk owl. -- Day rule (Eng.
Law), an order of court (now abolished) allowing a
prisoner, under certain circumstances, to go beyond the prison
limits for a single day. -- Day school, one
which the pupils attend only in daytime, in distinction from a
boarding school. -- Day sight. (Med.)
See Hemeralopia. -- Day's work
(Naut.), the account or reckoning of a ship's
course for twenty-four hours, from noon to noon. --
From day to day, as time passes; in the course of
time; as, he improves from day to day. --
Jewish day, the time between sunset and
sunset. -- Mean solar day (Astron.),
the mean or average of all the apparent solar days of the
year. -- One day, One of these
days, at an uncertain time, usually of the
future, rarely of the past; sooner or later. \'bdWell, niece, I
hope to see you one day fitted with a husband.\'b8
Shak. -- Only from day to day,
without certainty of continuance; temporarily.
Bacon. -- Sidereal day, the interval
between two successive transits of the first point of Aries over
the same meridian. The Sidereal day is 23 h. 56 m. 4.09
s. of mean solar time. -- To win the day, to
gain the victory, to be successful. S. Butler. --
Week day, any day of the week except Sunday; a
working day. -- Working day. (a) A
day when work may be legally done, in distinction from Sundays
and legal holidays. (b) The number of hours,
determined by law or custom, during which a workman, hired at a
stated price per day, must work to be entitled to a day's
pay.
Day"aks (?), n. pl.
(Ethnol.) See Dyaks.
Day"book (?), n. A journal of
accounts; a primary record book in which are recorded the debts
and credits, or accounts of the day, in their order, and from
which they are transferred to the journal.
Day"break` (?), n. The time of
the first appearance of light in the morning.
Day"-coal` (?), n.
(Mining) The upper stratum of coal, as nearest
the light or surface.
Day"dream` (?), n. A vain fancy
speculation; a reverie; a castle in the air; unfounded
hope.
Mrs. Lambert's little daydream was over.
Thackeray.
Day"dream`er (?), n. One given
to draydreams.
Day"flow`er (?), n.
(Bot.) A genus consisting mostly of tropical
perennial herbs (Commelina), having ephemeral
flowers.
Day"fly` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) A neuropterous insect of the genus
Ephemera and related genera, of many species, and
inhabiting fresh water in the larval state; the ephemeral fly; --
so called because it commonly lives but one day in the winged or
adult state. See Ephemeral fly, under
Ephemeral.<-- the Mayfly? = ephemerid of order
ephemeroptera -->
Day"-la`bor (?), n. Labor hired
or performed by the day.
Milton.
Day"-la`bor*er (?), n. One who
works by the day; -- usually applied to a farm laborer, or to a
workman who does not work at any particular trade.
Goldsmith.
Day"light` (?), n.
1. The light of day as opposed to the darkness of
night; the light of the sun, as opposed to that of the moon or to
artificial light.
2. pl. The eyes. [Prov.
Eng.]
Wright.
Day" lil`y (?). (Bot.) (a)
A genus of plants (Hemerocallis) closely
resembling true lilies, but having tuberous rootstocks instead of
bulbs. The common species have long narrow leaves and either
yellow or tawny-orange flowers. (b) A genus
of plants (Funkia) differing from the last in having
ovate veiny leaves, and large white or blue flowers.
Day"maid` (?), n. A
dairymaid. [Obs.]
Day"mare` (?), n.
[Day + mare incubus.]
(Med.) A kind of incubus which occurs during
wakefulness, attended by the peculiar pressure on the chest which
characterizes nightmare.
Dunglison.
Day"-net` (?), n. A net for
catching small birds.
Day"-peep` (?), n. The
dawn. [Poetic]
Milton.
Days"man (?), n. [From
day in the sense of day fixed for
trial.] An umpire or arbiter; a mediator.
Neither is there any daysman betwixt us.
Job ix. 33.
Day"spring (?), n. The
beginning of the day, or first appearance of light; the dawn;
hence, the beginning.
Milton.
The tender mercy of our God; whereby the dayspring
from on high hath visited us.
Luke i. 78.
Day"-star` (?), n.
1. The morning star; the star which ushers in the
day.
A dark place, until the day dawn, and the day-star
arise in your hearts.
2 Peter i. 19.
2. The sun, as the orb of day.
[Poetic]
So sinks the day-star in the ocean bed,
And yet anon repairs his drooping head,
And tricks his beams, and with new-spangled ore Flames in the
forehead of the morning sky.
Milton.
Day"time` (?), n. The time
during which there is daylight, as distinguished from the
night.
Day"wom`an (?), n. A
dairymaid. [Obs.]
Daze (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dazed (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Dazing.]
[OE. dasen, prob. from Icel. dasask to
become weary, a reflexive verb; cf. Sw. dasa to lie
idle, and OD. daesen to be foolish, insane,
daes, dwaes, D. dwaas, foolish,
insane, AS. dw/s, dysig, stupid.
///. Cf. Dizzy, Doze.] To
stupefy with excess of light; with a blow, with cold, or with
fear; to confuse; to benumb.
While flashing beams do daze his feeble eyen.
Spenser.
Such souls,
Whose sudden visitations daze the world.
Sir H. Taylor.
He comes out of the room in a dazed state, that is
an odd though a sufficient substitute for interest.
Dickens.
Daze, n. 1. The state of being
dazed; as, he was in a daze.
[Colloq.]
2. (Mining) A glittering stone.
Daz"zle (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dazzled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dazzling
(?).] [Freq. of daze.]
1. To overpower with light; to confuse the sight of
by brilliance of light.
Those heavenly shapes
Will dazzle now the earthly, with their blaze
Insufferably bright.
Milton.
An unreflected light did never yet
Dazzle the vision feminine.
Sir H. Taylor.
2. To bewilder or surprise with brilliancy or
display of any kind. \'bdDazzled and drove back
his enemies.\'b8
Shak.
Daz"zle, v. i. 1. To be
overpoweringly or intensely bright; to excite admiration by
brilliancy.
Ah, friend! to dazzle, let the vain design.
Pope.
2. To be overpowered by light; to be confused by
excess of brightness.
An overlight maketh the eyes dazzle.
Bacon.
I dare not trust these eyes;
They dance in mists, and dazzle with surprise.
Dryden.
Daz"zle, n. A light of dazzling
brilliancy.
Daz"zle*ment (?), n. Dazzling
flash, glare, or burst of light.
Donne.
Daz"zling*ly (?), adv. In a
dazzling manner.
De- (?). A prefix from Latin de
down, from, away; as in debark, decline,
decease, deduct, decamp. In
words from the French it is equivalent to Latin dis-
apart, away; or sometimes to de. Cf. Dis-. It
is negative and opposite in derange,
deform, destroy, etc. It is intensive in
deprave, despoil, declare,
desolate, etc.
Dea"con (?), n. [OE.
diakne, deakne, deken, AS.
diacon, deacon, L. diaconus, fr.
Gr. / a servant or minister, a minister of the church; of
uncertain origin. In sense 2 prob. confused with
dean.]
1. (Eccl.) An officer in Christian
churches appointed to perform certain subordinate duties varying
in different communions. In the Roman Catholic and Episcopal
churches, a person admitted to the lowest order in the ministry,
subordinate to the bishops and priests. In Presbyterian churches,
he is subordinate to the minister and elders, and has charge of
certain duties connected with the communion service and the care
of the poor. In Congregational churches, he is subordinate to the
pastor, and has duties as in the Presbyterian church.
2. The chairman of an incorporated company.
[Scot.]
Dea"con (?), v. t. To read
aloud each line of (a psalm or hymn) before singing it, --
usually with off. [Colloq. New.
Eng.] See Line, v. t.
lining out the psalm.
Dea"con*ess (?), n.
(Eccl.) A female deacon; as: (a)
(Primitive Ch.) One of an order of women whose
duties resembled those of deacons. (b) (Ch.
of Eng. and Prot. Epis. Ch.) A woman set apart for
church work by a bishop. (c) A woman chosen
as a helper in church work, as among the
Congregationalists.
Dea"con*hood (?), n. The state
of being a deacon; office of a deacon; deaconship.
Dea"con*ry (?), n. See
Deaconship.
Dea"con*ship, n. The office or ministry
of a deacon or deaconess.
Dead (?), a. [OE.
ded, dead, deed, AS.
de\'a0d; akin to OS. d/d, D.
dood, G. todt, tot, Icel.
dau/r, Sw. & Dan. d\'94d, Goth.
daubs; prop. p. p. of an old verb meaning to
die. See Die, and cf. Death.]
1. Deprived of life; -- opposed to alive
and living; reduced to that state of a being in which
the organs of motion and life have irrevocably ceased to perform
their functions; as, a dead tree; a dead
man. \'bdThe queen, my lord, is dead.\'b8
Shak.
The crew, all except himself, were dead of
hunger.
Arbuthnot.
Seek him with candle, bring him dead or living.
Shak.
2. Destitute of life; inanimate; as,
dead matter.
3. Resembling death in appearance or quality;
without show of life; deathlike; as, a dead
sleep.
4. Still as death; motionless; inactive; useless;
as, dead calm; a dead load or
weight.
5. So constructed as not to transmit sound;
soundless; as, a dead floor.
6. Unproductive; bringing no gain; unprofitable;
as, dead capital; dead stock in
trade.
7. Lacking spirit; dull; lusterless; cheerless;
as, dead eye; dead fire; dead
color, etc.
8. Monotonous or unvaried; as, a dead
level or pain; a dead wall. \'bdThe ground is
a dead flat.\'b8
C. Reade.
9. Sure as death; unerring; fixed; complete;
as, a dead shot; a dead
certainty.
I had them a dead bargain.
Goldsmith.
10. Bringing death; deadly.
Shak.
11. Wanting in religious spirit and vitality;
as, dead faith; dead works.
\'bdDead in trespasses.\'b8
Eph. ii. 1.
12. (Paint.) (a) Flat; without
gloss; -- said of painting which has been applied purposely to
have this effect. (b) Not brilliant; not
rich; thus, brown is a dead color, as compared with
crimson.
13. (Law) Cut off from the rights of a
citizen; deprived of the power of enjoying the rights of
property; as, one banished or becoming a monk is civilly
dead.
14. (Mach.) Not imparting motion or
power; as, the dead spindle of a lathe, etc.
See Spindle.
Dead ahead (Naut.), directly ahead;
-- said of a ship or any object, esp. of the wind when blowing
from that point toward which a vessel would go. -- Dead
angle (Mil.), an angle or space which can
not be seen or defended from behind the parapet. --
Dead block, either of two wooden or iron blocks
intended to serve instead of buffers at the end of a freight
car. -- Dead calm (Naut.), no wind
at all. -- Dead center, Dead
point (Mach.), either of two points
in the orbit of a crank, at which the crank and connecting rod
lie a straight line. It corresponds to the end of a stroke; as,
A and B are dead centers of the crank
mechanism in which the crank C drives, or is driven by,
the lever L. -- Dead color
(Paint.), a color which has no gloss upon it.
-- Dead coloring (Oil paint.), the
layer of colors, the preparation for what is to follow. In modern
painting this is usually in monochrome. -- Dead
door (Shipbuilding), a storm shutter fitted
to the outside of the quarter-gallery door. -- Dead
flat (Naut.), the widest or midship
frame. -- Dead freight (Mar. Law),
a sum of money paid by a person who charters a whole vessel
but fails to make out a full cargo. The payment is made for the
unoccupied capacity. Abbott. -- Dead
ground (Mining), the portion of a vein in
which there is no ore. -- Dead hand, a hand
that can not alienate, as of a person civilly dead. \'bdSerfs
held in dead hand.\'b8 Morley. See
Mortmain. -- Dead head
(Naut.), a rough block of wood used as an anchor
buoy. -- Dead heat, a heat or course between
two or more race horses, boats, etc., in which they come out
exactly equal, so that neither wins. -- Dead
horse, an expression applied to a debt for wages paid in
advance. [Law] -- Dead language,
a language which is no longer spoken or in common use by a
people, and is known only in writings, as the Hebrew, Greek, and
Latin. -- Dead letter. (a) A letter
which, after lying for a certain fixed time uncalled for at the
post office to which it was directed, is then sent to the general
post office to be opened. (b) That which has
lost its force or authority; as, the law has become a dead
letter. -- Dead-letter office, a
department of the general post office where dead letters are
examined and disposed of. -- Dead level, a
term applied to a flat country. -- Dead lift,
a direct lift, without assistance from mechanical advantage,
as from levers, pulleys, etc.; hence, an extreme emergency.
\'bd(As we say) at a dead lift.\'b8 Robynson
(More's Utopia). -- Dead line
(Mil.), a line drawn within or around a military
prison, to cross which involves for a prisoner the penalty of
being instantly shot. -- Dead load (Civil
Engin.), a constant, motionless load, as the weight of
a structure, in distinction from a moving load, as a train of
cars, or a variable pressure, as of wind. -- Dead
march (Mus.), a piece of solemn music
intended to be played as an accompaniment to a funeral
procession. -- Dead nettle (Bot.),
a harmless plant with leaves like a nettle (Lamium
album). -- Dead oil (Chem.),
the heavy oil obtained in the distillation of coal tar, and
containing phenol, naphthalus, etc. -- Dead plate
(Mach.), a solid covering over a part of a fire
grate, to prevent the entrance of air through that part. --
Dead pledge, a mortgage. See
Mortgage. -- Dead point.
(Mach.) See Dead center. --
Dead reckoning (Naut.), the method of
determining the place of a ship from a record kept of the courses
sailed as given by compass, and the distance made on each course
as found by log, with allowance for leeway, etc., without the aid
of celestial observations. -- Dead rise, the
transverse upward curvature of a vessel's floor. --
Dead rising, an elliptical line drawn on the sheer
plan to determine the sweep of the floorheads throughout the
ship's length. -- Dead-Sea apple. See under
Apple. -- Dead set. See under
Set. -- Dead shot. (a) An
unerring marksman. (b) A shot certain to be
made. -- Dead smooth, the finest cut made; --
said of files. -- Dead wall (Arch.),
a blank wall unbroken by windows or other openings. --
Dead water (Naut.), the eddy water
closing in under a ship's stern when sailing. -- Dead
weight. (a) A heavy or oppressive burden.
Dryden. (b) (Shipping) A
ship's lading, when it consists of heavy goods; or, the heaviest
part of a ship's cargo. (c) (Railroad)
The weight of rolling stock, the live weight being the load.
Knight. -- Dead wind (Naut.),
a wind directly ahead, or opposed to the ship's course.
-- To be dead, to die.
[Obs.]
I deme thee, thou must algate be dead.
Chaucer.
Syn. -- Inanimate; deceased; extinct. See
Lifeless.
Dead (?), adv. To a degree
resembling death; to the last degree; completely; wholly.
[Colloq.]
I was tired of reading, and dead sleepy.
Dickens.
Dead drunk, so drunk as to be
unconscious.
Dead (?), n.
1. The most quiet or deathlike time; the period of
profoundest repose, inertness, or gloom; as, the
dead of winter.
When the drum beat at dead of night.
Campbell.
2. One who is dead; -- commonly used
collectively.
And Abraham stood up from before his dead.
Gen. xxiii. 3.
Dead, v. t. To make dead; to deaden; to
deprive of life, force, or vigor. [Obs.]
Heaven's stern decree,
With many an ill, hath numbed and deaded me.
Chapman.
Dead, v. i. To die; to lose life or
force. [Obs.]
So iron, as soon as it is out of the fire, deadeth
straightway.
Bacon.
Dead` beat" (?). See Beat,
n., 7. [Low, U.S.]
Dead"beat` (?), a.
(Physics) Making a beat without recoil; giving
indications by a single beat or excursion; -- said of
galvanometers and other instruments in which the needle or index
moves to the extent of its deflection and stops with little or no
further oscillation.
Deadbeat escapement. See under
Escapement.
Dead"born` (?), a.
Stillborn.
Pope.
Dead"en (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deadened
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deadening.] [From Dead; cf.
AS. d/dan to kill, put to death. See Dead,
a.]
1. To make as dead; to impair in vigor, force,
activity, or sensation; to lessen the force or acuteness of; to
blunt; as, to deaden the natural powers or feelings;
to deaden a sound.
<-- p. 372 -->
As harper lays his open palm
Upon his harp, to deaden its vibrations.
Longfellow.
2. To lessen the velocity or momentum of; to
retard; as, to deaden a ship's headway.
3. To make vapid or spiritless; as, to
deaden wine.
4. To deprive of gloss or brilliancy; to obscure;
as, to deaden gilding by a coat of size.
Dead"en*er (?), n. One who, or
that which, deadens or checks.
Dead"-eye` (?), n.
(Naut.) A round, flattish, wooden block,
encircled by a rope, or an iron band, and pierced with three
holes to receive the lanyard; -- used to extend the shrouds and
stays, and for other purposes. Called also deadman's
eye.
Totten.
Dead"head` (?), n.
1. One who receives free tickets for theaters,
public conveyances, etc. [Colloq. U. S.]
2. (Naut.) A buoy. See under
Dead, a.
Dead"*heart`ed (?), a. Having a
dull, faint heart; spiritless; listless. --
Dead"*heart`ed*ness,
n.
Bp. Hall.
Dead"house` (?), n. A morgue; a
place for the temporary reception and exposure of dead
bodies.
Dead"ish, a. Somewhat dead, dull, or
lifeless; deathlike.
The lips put on a deadish paleness.
A. Stafford.
Dead"latch` (?), n. A kind of
latch whose bolt may be so locked by a detent that it can not be
opened from the inside by the handle, or from the outside by the
latch key.
Knight.
Dead"light` (?), n.
(Naut.) A strong shutter, made to fit open ports
and keep out water in a storm.
Dead"li*hood (?), n. State of
the dead. [Obs.]
Dead"li*ness, n. The quality of being
deadly.
Dead"lock` (?), n.
1. A lock which is not self-latching, but requires
a key to throw the bolt forward.
2. A counteraction of things, which produces an
entire stoppage; a complete obstruction of action.
Things are at a deadlock.
London Times.
The Board is much more likely to be at a deadlock
of two to two.
The Century.
Dead"ly (?), a.
1. Capable of causing death; mortal; fatal;
destructive; certain or likely to cause death; as, a
deadly blow or wound.
2. Aiming or willing to destroy; implacable;
desperately hostile; flagitious; as, deadly
enemies.
Thy assailant is quick, skillful, and deadly.
Shak.
3. Subject to death; mortal.
[Obs.]
The image of a deadly man.
Wyclif (Rom. i. 23).
Deadly nightshade (Bot.), a
poisonous plant; belladonna. See under
Nightshade.
Dead"ly, adv.
1. In a manner resembling, or as if produced by,
death. \'bdDeadly pale.\'b8
Shak.
2. In a manner to occasion death; mortally.
The groanings of a deadly wounded man.
Ezek. xxx. 24.
3. In an implacable manner; destructively.
4. Extremely. [Obs.]
\'bdDeadly weary.\'b8 Orrery. \'bdSo
deadly cunning a man.\'b8
Arbuthnot.
Dead"ness, n. The state of being
destitute of life, vigor, spirit, activity, etc.; dullness;
inertness; languor; coldness; vapidness; indifference; as,
the deadness of a limb, a body, or a tree; the
deadness of an eye; deadness of the affections;
the deadness of beer or cider; deadness to the
world, and the like.
Dead"-pay` (?), n. Pay drawn
for soldiers, or others, really dead, whose names are kept on the
rolls.
O you commanders,
That, like me, have no dead-pays.
Massinger.
Dead"-reck`on*ing (?), n.
(Naut.) See under Dead,
a.
Deads (?), n. pl.
(Mining) The substances which inclose the ore on
every side.
Dead"-stroke` (?), a.
(Mech.) Making a stroke without recoil;
deadbeat.
Dead-stroke hammer (Mach.), a power
hammer having a spring interposed between the driving mechanism
and the hammer head, or helve, to lessen the recoil of the hammer
and reduce the shock upon the mechanism.
Dead"wood` (?), n.
1. (Naut.) A mass of timbers built into
the bow and stern of a vessel to give solidity.
2. Dead trees or branches; useless material.
<-- unproductive workers! -->
Dead"works` (?), n. pl.
(Naut.) The parts of a ship above the water when
she is laden.
Deaf (?; 277), a. [OE.
def, deaf, deef, AS.
de\'a0f; akin to D. doof, G.
taub, Icel. daufr, Dan. d\'94v,
Sw. d\'94f, Goth. daubs, and prob. to E.
dumb (the original sense being, dull as applied to one
of the senses), and perh. to Gr. / (for /) blind, / smoke,
vapor, folly, and to G. toben to rage. Cf.
Dumb.]
1. Wanting the sense of hearing, either wholly or
in part; unable to perceive sounds; hard of hearing; as, a
deaf man.
Come on my right hand, for this ear is deaf.
Shak.
2. Unwilling to hear or listen; determinedly
inattentive; regardless; not to be persuaded as to facts,
argument, or exhortation; -- with to; as,
deaf to reason.
O, that men's ears should be
To counsel deaf, but not to flattery!
Shak.
3. Deprived of the power of hearing;
deafened.
Deaf with the noise, I took my hasty flight.
Dryden.
4. Obscurely heard; stifled; deadened.
[R.]
A deaf murmur through the squadron went.
Dryden.
5. Decayed; tasteless; dead; as, a
deaf nut; deaf corn. [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
If the season be unkindly and intemperate, they [peppers] will
catch a blast; and then the seeds will be deaf, void,
light, and naught.
Holland.
Deaf and dumb, without the sense of hearing or
the faculty of speech. See Deaf-mute.
Deaf (?; 277), v. t. To
deafen. [Obs.]
Dryden.
Deaf"en (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deafened
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deafening.] [From Deaf.]
1. To make deaf; to deprive of the power of
hearing; to render incapable of perceiving sounds
distinctly.
Deafened and stunned with their promiscuous
cries.
Addison.
2. (Arch.) To render impervious to
sound, as a partition or floor, by filling the space within with
mortar, by lining with paper, etc.
Deaf"en*ing, n. The act or process of
rendering impervious to sound, as a floor or wall; also, the
material with which the spaces are filled in this process;
pugging.
Deaf"ly, adv. Without sense of sounds;
obscurely.
Deaf"ly, a. Lonely; solitary.
[Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
Deaf"-mute` (?), n. A person
who is deaf and dumb; one who, through deprivation or defect of
hearing, has either failed the acquire the power of speech, or
has lost it. [See Illust. of
Dactylology.]
Deaf-mutes are still so called, even when, by
artificial methods, they have been taught to speak
imperfectly.
Deaf"-mut`ism (?), n. The
condition of being a deaf-mute.
Deaf"ness (?), n.
1. Incapacity of perceiving sounds; the state of
the organs which prevents the impression which constitute
hearing; want of the sense of hearing.
2. Unwillingness to hear; voluntary rejection of
what is addressed to the understanding.
Nervous deafness, a variety of deafness
dependent upon morbid change in some portion of the nervous
system, especially the auditory nerve.
Deal (?), n. [OE.
del, deel, part, AS. d/l; akin
to OS. d/l, D. & Dan. deel, G.
theil, teil, Icel. deild, Sw.
del, Goth. dails. ///. Cf. 3d
Dole.]
1. A part or portion; a share; hence, an indefinite
quantity, degree, or extent, degree, or extent; as, a
deal of time and trouble; a deal of
cold.
Three tenth deals [parts of an ephah] of flour.
Num. xv. 9.
As an object of science it [the Celtic genius] may count for a
good deal . . . as a spiritual power.
M. Arnold.
She was resolved to be a good deal more
circumspect.
W. Black.
some,
every, never a, a thousand,
etc.; as, some deal; but these are now obsolete or
vulgar. In general, we now qualify the word with great
or good, and often use it adverbially, by
being understood; as, a great deal of time and pains;
a great (or good) deal better or
worse; that is, better by a great deal, or by a great
part or difference.
2. The process of dealing cards to the players;
also, the portion disturbed.
The deal, the shuffle, and the cut.
Swift.
3. Distribution; apportionment.
[Colloq.]
4. An arrangement to attain a desired result by a
combination of interested parties; -- applied to stock
speculations and political bargains. [Slang]
5. [Prob. from D. deel a plank,
threshing floor. See Thill.] The division of
a piece of timber made by sawing; a board or plank; particularly,
a board or plank of fir or pine above seven inches in width, and
exceeding six feet in length. If narrower than this, it is called
a batten; if shorter, a deal end.
Whole deal is a general term for planking
one and one half inches thick.
6. Wood of the pine or fir; as, a floor of
deal.
Deal tree, a fir tree.
Dr. Prior.
Deal, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dealt (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dealing.] [OE. delen, AS.
d/lan, fr. d/l share; akin to OS.
d/lian, D. deelen, G. theilen,
teilen, Icel. deila, Sw. dela,
Dan. dele, Goth. dailjan. See
Deal, n.]
1. To divide; to separate in portions; hence, to
give in portions; to distribute; to bestow successively; --
sometimes with out.
Is not to deal thy bread to the hungry?
Is. lviii. 7.
And Rome deals out her blessings and her gold.
Tickell.
The nightly mallet deals resounding blows.
Gay.
Hissing through the skies, the feathery deaths were
dealt.
Dryden.
2. Specifically: To distribute, as cards, to the
players at the commencement of a game; as, to deal
the cards; to deal one a jack.
Deal, v. i.
1. To make distribution; to share out in portions,
as cards to the players.
2. To do a distributing or retailing business, as
distinguished from that of a manufacturer or producer; to
traffic; to trade; to do business; as, he deals in
flour.
They buy and sell, they deal and traffic.
South.
This is to drive to wholesale trade, when all other petty
merchants deal but for parcels.
Dr. H. More.
3. To act as an intermediary in business or any
affairs; to manage; to make arrangements; -- followed by
between or with.
Sometimes he that deals between man and man,
raiseth his own credit with both, by pretending greater interest
than he hath in either.
Bacon.
4. To conduct one's self; to behave or act in any
affair or towards any one; to treat.
If he will deal clearly and impartially, . . . he
will acknowledge all this to be true.
Tillotson.
5. To contend (with); to treat (with), by way of
opposition, check, or correction; as, he has turbulent
passions to deal with.
To deal by, to treat, either well or ill; as,
to deal well by servants. \'bdSuch an one
deals not fairly by his own mind.\'b8
Locke. -- To deal in. (a)
To have to do with; to be engaged in; to practice; as, they
deal in political matters. (b) To buy
and sell; to furnish, as a retailer or wholesaler; as, they
deal in fish. -- To deal with.
(a) To treat in any manner; to use, whether well or
ill; to have to do with; specifically, to trade with.
\'bdDealing with witches.\'b8 Shak.
(b) To reprove solemnly; to expostulate
with.
The deacons of his church, who, to use their own phrase,
\'bddealt with him\'b8 on the sin of rejecting the aid
which Providence so manifestly held out.
Hawthorne.
Return . . . and I will deal well with
thee.
Gen. xxxii. 9.
De*al"bate (?), v. t. [L.
dealbatus, p. p. of dealbare. See
Daub.] To whiten. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
De`al*ba"tion (?), n. [L.
dealbatio: cf. F. d\'82albation.]
Act of bleaching; a whitening. [Obs.]
Deal"er (?), n.
1. One who deals; one who has to do, or has
concern, with others; esp., a trader, a trafficker, a shopkeeper,
a broker, or a merchant; as, a dealer in dry goods;
a dealer in stocks; a retail dealer.
2. One who distributes cards to the players.
Deal"fish` (?), n. [From
deal a long, narrow plank.]
(Zo\'94l.) A long, thin fish of the arctic seas
(Trachypterus arcticus).
Deal"ing, n. The act of one who deals;
distribution of anything, as of cards to the players; method of
business; traffic; intercourse; transaction; as, to have
dealings with a person.
Double dealing, insincere, treacherous
dealing; duplicity. -- Plain dealing, fair,
sincere, honorable dealing; honest, outspoken expression of
opinion.
Dealth (?), n. Share
dealt. [Obs.]
De*am"bu*late (?), v. i. [L.
deambulare, deambulatum; de- +
ambulare to walk.] To walk abroad.
[Obs.]
Cockeram.
De*am`bu*la"tion (?), n. [L.
deambulatio.] A walking abroad; a
promenading. [Obs.]
Sir T. Elyot.
De*am"bu*la*to*ry (?), a. [Cf.
LL. deambulator a traveler.] Going about
from place to place; wandering; of or pertaining to a
deambulatory. [Obs.]
\'bdDeambulatory actors.\'b8
Bp. Morton.
De*am"bu*la*to*ry, n. [L.
deambulatorium.] A covered place in which
to walk; an ambulatory.
Dean (?), n. [OE.
dene, deene, OF. deien,
dien, F. doyen, eldest of a corporation, a
dean, L. decanus the chief of ten, one set over ten
persons, e. g., over soldiers or over
monks, from decem ten. See Ten, and cf.
Decemvir.]
1. A dignitary or presiding officer in certain
ecclesiastical and lay bodies; esp., an ecclesiastical dignitary,
subordinate to a bishop.
Dean of cathedral church, the chief officer of
a chapter; he is an ecclesiastical magistrate next in degree to
bishop, and has immediate charge of the cathedral and its
estates. -- Dean of peculiars, a dean holding
a preferment which has some peculiarity relative to spiritual
superiors and the jurisdiction exercised in it.
[Eng.] -- Rural dean, one
having, under the bishop, the especial care and inspection of the
clergy within certain parishes or districts of the
diocese.
2. The collegiate officer in the universities of
Oxford and Cambridge, England, who, besides other duties, has
regard to the moral condition of the college.
Shipley.
3. The head or presiding officer in the faculty of
some colleges or universities.
4. A registrar or secretary of the faculty in a
department of a college, as in a medical, or theological, or
scientific department. [U.S.]
5. The chief or senior of a company on occasion of
ceremony; as, the dean of the diplomatic corps;
-- so called by courtesy.
Cardinal dean, the senior cardinal bishop of
the college of cardinals at Rome. Shipley. --
Dean and chapter, the legal corporation and
governing body of a cathedral. It consists of the dean, who is
chief, and his canons or prebendaries. -- Dean of
arches, the lay judge of the court of arches. --
Dean of faculty, the president of an incorporation
or barristers; specifically, the president of the incorporation
of advocates in Edinburgh. -- Dean of guild,
a magistrate of Scotch burghs, formerly, and still, in some
burghs, chosen by the Guildry, whose duty is to superintend the
erection of new buildings and see that they conform to the
law. -- Dean of a monastery, Monastic
dean, a monastic superior over ten monks.
-- Dean's stall. See Decanal stall,
under Decanal.
Dean"er*y (?), n.; pl.
Deaneries (/).
1. The office or the revenue of a dean. See the
Note under Benefice, n., 3.
2. The residence of a dean.
Shak.
3. The territorial jurisdiction of a dean.
Each archdeaconry is divided into rural deaneries,
and each deanery is divided into parishes.
Blackstone.
Dean"ship, n. The office of a
dean.
I dont't value your deanship a straw.
Swift.
Dear (?), a.
[Compar. Dearer (?);
superl. Dearest (?).]
[OE. dere, deore, AS.
de\'a2re; akin to OS. diuri, D.
duur, OHG. tiuri, G. theuer,
teuer, Icel. d/r, Dan. & Sw.
dyr. Cf. Darling, Dearth.]
1. Bearing a high price; high-priced; costly;
expensive.
The cheapest of us is ten groats too dear.
Shak.
2. Marked by scarcity or dearth, and exorbitance of
price; as, a dear year.
3. Highly valued; greatly beloved; cherished;
precious. \'bdHear me, dear lady.\'b8
Shak.
Neither count I my life dear unto myself.
Acts xx. 24.
And the last joy was dearer than the rest.
Pope.
Dear as remember'd kisses after death.
Tennyson.
4. Hence, close to the heart; heartfelt; present in
mind; engaging the attention. (a) Of agreeable
things and interests.
[I'll] leave you to attend him: some dear cause
Will in concealment wrap me up awhile.
Shak.
His dearest wish was to escape from the bustle and
glitter of Whitehall.
Macaulay.
(b) Of disagreeable things and antipathies.
In our dear peril.
Shak.
Would I had met my dearest foe in heaven
Or ever I had seen that day.
Shak.
Dear, n. A dear one; lover;
sweetheart.
That kiss I carried from thee, dear.
Shak.
Dear, adv. Dearly; at a high
price.
If thou attempt it, it will cost thee dear.
Shak.
Dear, v. t. To endear.
[Obs.]
Shelton.
Dear"born (?), n. A
four-wheeled carriage, with curtained sides.
Dear"-bought` (?), a. Bought at
a high price; as, dear-bought experience.
<-- p. 373 -->
Deare (?), variant of Dere,
v. t. & n. [Obs.]
Dear"ie (?), n. Same as
Deary.
Dickens.
Dear"ling (?), n. A
darling. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Dear"-loved` (?), a. Greatly
beloved.
Shak.
Dear"ly, adv.
1. In a dear manner; with affection; heartily;
earnestly; as, to love one dearly.
2. At a high rate or price; grievously.
He buys his mistress dearly with his throne.
Dryden.
3. Exquisitely. [Obs.]
Shak.
Dearn (?), a. [AS.
derne, dyrne, dierne, hidden,
secret. Cf. Derne.] Secret; lonely; solitary;
dreadful. [Obs.] Shak. --
Dearn"ly, adv.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dearn, v. t. Same as
Darn. [Obs.]
Dear"ness (?), n.
1. The quality or state of being dear; costliness;
excess of price.
The dearness of corn.
Swift.
2. Fondness; preciousness; love; tenderness.
The dearness of friendship.
Bacon.
Dearth (?), n. [OE.
derthe, fr. dere. See Dear.]
Scarcity which renders dear; want; lack; specifically, lack
of food on account of failure of crops; famine.
There came a dearth over all the land of Egypt.
Acts vii. 11.
He with her press'd, she faint with dearth.
Shak.
Dearth of plot, and narrowness of imagination.
Dryden.
De`ar*tic"u*late (?), v. t. To
disjoint.
Dear"worth` (?), a. [See
Derworth.] Precious.
[Obs.]
Piers Plowman.
Dear"y (?), n. A dear; a
darling. [Familiar]
De"as (?), n. See
Dais. [Scot.]
Death (?), n. [OE.
deth, dea/, AS. de\'a0/;
akin to OS. d//, D. dood, G.
tod, Icel. dau/i, Sw. & Dan.
d\'94d, Goth. daupus; from a verb meaning
to die. See Die, v. i., and cf.
Dead.]
1. The cessation of all vital phenomena without
capability of resuscitation, either in animals or plants.
Local death is going on at times and in
all parts of the living body, in which individual cells and
elements are being cast off and replaced by new; a process
essential to life. General death is of two kinds;
death of the body as a whole (somatic or
systemic death), and death of the tissues. By the
former is implied the absolute cessation of the functions of the
brain, the circulatory and the respiratory organs; by the latter
the entire disappearance of the vital actions of the ultimate
structural constituents of the body. When death takes place, the
body as a whole dies first, the death of the tissues sometimes
not occurring until after a considerable interval.
Huxley.
2. Total privation or loss; extinction; cessation;
as, the death of memory.
The death of a language can not be exactly compared
with the death of a plant.
J. Peile.
3. Manner of dying; act or state of passing from
life.
A death that I abhor.
Shak.
Let me die the death of the righteous.
Num. xxiii. 10.
4. Cause of loss of life.
Swiftly flies the feathered death.
Dryden.
He caught his death the last county sessions.
Addison.
5. Personified: The destroyer of life, --
conventionally represented as a skeleton with a scythe.
Death! great proprietor of all.
Young.
And I looked, and behold a pale horse; and his name that at on
him was Death.
Rev. vi. 8.
6. Danger of death. \'bdIn deaths
oft.\'b8
2 Cor. xi. 23.
7. Murder; murderous character.
Not to suffer a man of death to live.
Bacon.
8. (Theol.) Loss of spiritual
life.
To be /////// m///// is
death.
Rom. viii. 6.
9. Anything so dreadful as to be like death.
It was death to them to think of entertaining such
doctrines.
Atterbury.
And urged him, so that his soul was vexed unto
death.
Judg. xvi. 16.
Death is much used adjectively and as the
first part of a compound, meaning, in general, of or
pertaining to death, causing or
presaging death; as, deathbed or
death bed; deathblow or death
blow, etc.
Black death. See Black death, in the
Vocabulary. -- Civil death, the separation of
a man from civil society, or the debarring him from the enjoyment
of civil rights, as by banishment, attainder, abjuration of the
realm, entering a monastery, etc. Blackstone. --
Death adder. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A
kind of viper found in South Africa (Acanthophis
tortor); -- so called from the virulence of its venom.
(b) A venomous Australian snake of the family
Elapid\'91, of several species, as the
Hoplocephalus superbus and Acanthopis
antarctica. -- Death bell, a bell that
announces a death.
The death bell thrice was heard to ring.
Mickle.
-- Death candle, a light like that of a candle,
viewed by the superstitious as presaging death. --
Death damp, a cold sweat at the coming on of
death. -- Death fire, a kind of ignis fatuus
supposed to forebode death.
And round about in reel and rout,
The death fires danced at night.
Coleridge.
-- Death grapple, a grapple or struggle for
life. -- Death in life, a condition but
little removed from death; a living death. [Poetic]
\'bdLay lingering out a five years' death in life.\'b8
Tennyson. -- Death knell, a stroke
or tolling of a bell, announcing a death. -- Death
rate, the relation or ratio of the number of deaths to
the population.
At all ages the death rate is higher in towns than
in rural districts.
Darwin.
-- Death rattle, a rattling or gurgling in the
throat of a dying person. -- Death's door,
the boundary of life; the partition dividing life from
death. -- Death stroke, a stroke causing
death. -- Death throe, the spasm of
death. -- Death token, the signal of
approaching death. -- Death warrant. (a)
(Law) An order from the proper authority for the
execution of a criminal. (b) That which puts an
end to expectation, hope, or joy. -- Death wound.
(a) A fatal wound or injury. (b)
(Naut.) The springing of a fatal leak. --
Spiritual death (Scripture), the
corruption and perversion of the soul by sin, with the loss of
the favor of God. -- The gates of death, the
grave.
Have the gates of death been opened unto thee?
Job xxxviii. 17.
-- The second death, condemnation to eternal
separation from God. Rev. ii. 11. -- To be the
death of, to be the cause of death to; to make die.
\'bdIt was one who should be the death of both his
parents.\'b8 Milton.
Syn. -- Death, Decrase,
Departure, Release.
Death applies to the termination of every form of
existence, both animal and vegetable; the other words only to the
human race. Decease is the term used in law for the
removal of a human being out of life in the ordinary course of
nature. Demise was formerly confined to decease of
princes, but is now sometimes used of distinguished men in
general; as, the demise of Mr. Pitt.
Departure and release are peculiarly terms
of Christian affection and hope. A violent death is
not usually called a decease. Departure
implies a friendly taking leave of life. Release
implies a deliverance from a life of suffering or sorrow.
Death"bed (?), n. The bed in
which a person dies; hence, the closing hours of life of one who
dies by sickness or the like; the last sickness.
That often-quoted passage from Lord Hervey in which the
Queen's deathbed is described.
Thackeray.
Death"bird` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) Tengmalm's or Richardson's owl
(Nyctale Tengmalmi); -- so called from a superstition
of the North American Indians that its note presages death.
Death"blow` (?), n. A mortal or
crushing blow; a stroke or event which kills or destroys.
The deathblow of my hope.
Byron.
Death"ful (?), a.
1. Full of death or slaughter; murderous;
destructive; bloody.
These eyes behold
The deathful scene.
Pope.
2. Liable to undergo death; mortal.
The deathless gods and deathful earth.
Chapman.
Death"ful*ness, n. Appearance of
death.
Jer. Taylor.
Death"less, a. Not subject to death,
destruction, or extinction; immortal; undying; imperishable;
as, deathless beings; deathless
fame.
Death"like` (?), a.
1. Resembling death.
A deathlike slumber, and a dead repose.
Pope.
2. Deadly. [Obs.]
\'bdDeathlike dragons.\'b8
Shak.
Death"li*ness (?), n. The
quality of being deathly; deadliness.
Southey.
Death"ly, a. Deadly; fatal; mortal;
destructive.
Death"ly, adv. Deadly; as,
deathly pale or sick.
Death's"-head` (?), n. A naked
human skull as the emblem of death; the head of the conventional
personification of death.
I had rather be married to a death's-head with a
bone in his mouth.
Shak.
Death's-head moth (Zo\'94l.), a
very large European moth (Acherontia atropos), so
called from a figure resembling a human skull on the back of the
thorax; -- called also death's-head
sphinx.
Death's"-herb` (?), n. The
deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna).
Dr. Prior.
Deaths"man (?), n. An
executioner; a headsman or hangman. [Obs.]
Shak.
Death"ward (?), adv. Toward
death.
Death"watch` (?; 224), n.
1. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small
beetle (Anobium tessellatum and other allied species).
By forcibly striking its head against woodwork it makes a ticking
sound, which is a call of the sexes to each other, but has been
imagined by superstitious people to presage death.
(b) A small wingless insect, of the family
Psocid\'91, which makes a similar but fainter sound;
-- called also deathtick.
She is always seeing apparitions and hearing
deathwatches.
Addison.
I did not hear the dog howl, mother, or the
deathwatch beat.
Tennyson.
2. The guard set over a criminal before his
execution.
De*au"rate (?), a. [L.
deauratus, p. p. of deaurare to gild;
de- + aurum gold.] Gilded.
[Obs.]
De*au"rate (?), v. t. To
gild. [Obs.]
Bailey.
De`au*ra"tion (?), n. Act of
gilding. [Obs.]
Deave (?), v. t. [See
Deafen.] To stun or stupefy with noise; to
deafen. [Scot.]
De*bac"chate (?), v. i. [L.
debacchatus, p. p. of debacchari to rage;
de- + bacchari to rage like a
bacchant.] To rave as a bacchanal.
[R.]
Cockeram.
De`bac*cha"tion (?), n. [L.
debacchatio.] Wild raving or
debauchery. [R.]
Prynne.
De*ba"cle (?), n. [F.
d\'82b\'83cle, fr. d\'82b\'83cler to unbar,
break loose; pref. d\'82- (prob. = L. dis)
+ b\'83cler to bolt, fr. L. baculum a
stick.] (Geol.) A breaking or bursting
forth; a violent rush or flood of waters which breaks down
opposing barriers, and hurls forward and disperses blocks of
stone and other d\'82bris.
De*bar" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Debarred
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Debarring.] [Pref. de- +
bar.] To cut off from entrance, as if by a
bar or barrier; to preclude; to hinder from approach, entry, or
enjoyment; to shut out or exclude; to deny or refuse; -- with
from, and sometimes with of.
Yet not so strictly hath our Lord imposed
Labor, as to debar us when we need
Refreshment.
Milton.
Their wages were so low as to debar them, not only
from the comforts but from the common decencies of civilized
life.
Buckle.
De*barb" (?), v. t. [Pref.
de- + L. barba beard.] To
deprive of the beard. [Obs.]
Bailey.
De"bark" (?), v. t. & i.
[imp. & p. p. Debarked
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Debarking.] [F.
d\'82barquer; pref. d\'82- (L.
dis-) + barque. See Bark the
vessel, and cf. Disbark.] To go ashore from a
ship or boat; to disembark; to put ashore.
De`bar*ka"tion (?), n.
Disembarkation.
The debarkation, therefore, had to take place by
small steamers.
U. S. Grant.
De*bar"ment (?), n. Hindrance
from approach; exclusion.
De*bar"rass (?), v. t. [Cf. F.
d\'82barrasser. See Embarrass.] To
disembarrass; to relieve. [R.]
De*base" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Debased
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Debasing.] [Pref. de- +
base. See Base, a., and cf.
Abase.] To reduce from a higher to a lower
state or grade of worth, dignity, purity, station, etc.; to
degrade; to lower; to deteriorate; to abase; as, to
debase the character by crime; to debase the
mind by frivolity; to debase style by vulgar
words.
The coin which was adulterated and debased.
Hale.
It is a kind of taking God's name in vain to debase
religion with such frivolous disputes.
Hooker.
And to debase the sons, exalts the sires.
Pope.
Syn. -- To abase; degrade. See Abase.
De*based" (?), a. (Her.)
Turned upside down from its proper position; inverted;
reversed.
De*base"ment (?), n. The act of
debasing or the state of being debased.
Milton.
De*bas"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, debases.
De*bas"ing*ly, adv. In a manner to
debase.
De*bat"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. OF.
debatable. See Debate.] Liable to
be debated; disputable; subject to controversy or contention;
open to question or dispute; as, a debatable
question.
The Debatable Land Ground, a tract of land between the Esk and
the Sark, claimed by both England and Scotland; the Batable
Ground.
De*bate" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Debated; p. pr.
& vb. n. Debating.] [OF.
debatre, F. d\'82battre; L. de +
batuere to beat. See Batter, v.
t., and cf. Abate.]
1. To engage in combat for; to strive for.
Volunteers . . . thronged to serve under his banner, and the
cause of religion was debated with the same ardor in
Spain as on the plains of Palestine.
Prescott.
2. To contend for in words or arguments; to strive
to maintain by reasoning; to dispute; to contest; to discuss; to
argue for and against.
A wise council . . . that did debate this
business.
Shak.
Debate thy cause with thy neighbor himself.
Prov. xxv. 9.
Syn. -- To argue; discuss; dispute; controvert. See
Argue, and Discuss.
De*bate", v. i.
1. To engage in strife or combat; to fight.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Well could he tourney and in lists debate.
Spenser.
2. To contend in words; to dispute; hence, to
deliberate; to consider; to discuss or examine different
arguments in the mind; -- often followed by on or
upon.
He presents that great soul debating upon the
subject of life and death with his intimate friends.
Tatler.
De*bate", n. [F. d\'82bat,
fr. d\'82battre. See Debate, v.
t.]
1. A fight or fighting; contest; strife.
[Archaic]
On the day of the Trinity next ensuing was a great
debate . . . and in that murder there were slain . . .
fourscore.
R. of Gloucester.
But question fierce and proud reply
Gave signal soon of dire debate.
Sir W. Scott.
2. Contention in words or arguments; discussion for
the purpose of elucidating truth or influencing action; strife in
argument; controversy; as, the debates in Parliament
or in Congress.
Heard, noted, answer'd, as in full debate.
Pope.
3. Subject of discussion. [R.]
Statutes and edicts concerning this debate.
Milton.
De*bate"ful (?), a. Full of
contention; contentious; quarrelsome. [Obs.]
Spenser.
De*bate"ful*ly, adv. With
contention. [Obs.]
De*bate"ment (?), n. [Cf. OF.
debatement a beating.] Controversy;
deliberation; debate. [R.]
A serious question and debatement with myself.
Milton.
De*bat"er (?), n. One who
debates; one given to argument; a disputant; a
controvertist.
Debate where leisure serves with dull debaters.
Shak.
De*bat"ing, n. The act of discussing or
arguing; discussion.
Debating society club, a society or club for the purpose of
debate and improvement in extemporaneous speaking.
De*bat"ing*ly, adv. In the manner of a
debate.
De*bauch" (?), v. t. & i.
[imp. & p. p. Debauched
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Debauching.] [F.
d\'82baucher, prob. originally, to entice away from
the workshop; pref. d\'82- (L. dis- or
de) + OF. bauche, bauge, hut,
cf. F. bauge lair of a wild boar; prob. from G. or
Icel., cf. Icel. b\'belkr. See Balk,
n.] To lead away from purity or excellence;
to corrupt in character or principles; to mar; to vitiate; to
pollute; to seduce; as, to debauch one's self by
intemperance; to debauch a woman; to debauch an
army.
Learning not debauched by ambition.
Burke.
A man must have got his conscience thoroughly
debauched and hardened before he can arrive to the
height of sin.
South.
Her pride debauched her judgment and her eyes.
Cowley.
De*bauch", n. [Cf. F.
d\'82bauche.]
1. Excess in eating or drinking; intemperance;
drunkenness; lewdness; debauchery.
The first physicians by debauch were made.
Dryden.
2. An act or occasion of debauchery.
Silenus, from his night's debauch,
Fatigued and sick.
Cowley.
De*bauched" (?), a. Dissolute;
dissipated. \'bdA coarse and debauched look.\'b8
Ld. Lytton.
De*bauch"ed*ly (?), adv. In a
profligate manner.
De*bauch"ed*ness, n. The state of being
debauched; intemperance.
Bp. Hall.
Deb`au*chee" (?), n. [F.
d\'82/bauch\'82, n., properly p. p. of
d\'82baucher. See Debauch, v.
t.] One who is given to intemperance or
bacchanalian excesses; a man habitually lewd; a libertine.
De*bauch"er (?), n. One who
debauches or corrupts others; especially, a seducer to
lewdness.
<-- p. 374 -->
De*bauch"er*y (?), n.; pl.
Debaucheries (/).
1. Corruption of fidelity; seduction from virtue,
duty, or allegiance.
The republic of Paris will endeavor to complete the
debauchery of the army.
Burke.
2. Excessive indulgence of the appetites;
especially, excessive indulgence of lust; intemperance;
sensuality; habitual lewdness.
Oppose . . . debauchery by temperance.
Sprat.
De*bauch"ment (?), n. The act
of corrupting; the act of seducing from virtue or duty.
De*bauch"ness, n. Debauchedness.
[Obs.]
De*beige" (?), n. [F.
de of + beige the natural color of
wool.] A kind of woolen or mixed dress goods.
[Written also debage.]
De*bel" (?), v. t. [Cf. F.
d\'82beller. See Debellate.] To
conquer. [Obs.]
Milton.
De*bel"late (?), v. t. [L.
debellatus, p. p. of debellare to subdue;
de- + bellum war.] To subdue; to
conquer in war. [Obs.]
Speed.
Deb`el*la"tion (?), n. [LL.
debellatio.] The act of conquering or
subduing. [Obs.]
\'d8De be"ne es"se (?). [L.]
(Law) Of well being; of formal sufficiency for
the time; conditionally; provisionally.
Abbott.
De*ben"ture (?; 135), n. [L.
debentur they are due, fr. debere to owe;
cf. F. debentur. So called because these receipts
began with the words Debentur mihi.]
1. A writing acknowledging a debt; a writing or
certificate signed by a public officer, as evidence of a debt due
to some person; the sum thus due.
2. A customhouse certificate entitling an exporter
of imported goods to a drawback of duties paid on their
importation.
Burrill.
It is applied in England to deeds of mortgage given by
railway companies for borrowed money; also to municipal and other
bonds and securities for money loaned.
De*ben"tured (?; 135), a.
Entitled to drawback or debenture; as,
debentured goods.
Deb"ile (?), a. [L.
debilis: cf. F. d\'82bile. See
Debility.] Weak. [Obs.]
Shak.
De*bil"i*tant (?), a. [L.
debilitants, p. pr.] (Med.)
Diminishing the energy of organs; reducing excitement;
as, a debilitant drug.
De*bil"i*tate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Debilitated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Debilitating.] [L.
debilitatus, p. p. of debilitare to
debilitate, fr. debilis. See Debility.]
To impair the strength of; to weaken; to enfeeble; as,
to debilitate the body by intemperance.
Various ails debilitate the mind.
Jenyns.
The debilitated frame of Mr. Bertram was exhausted
by this last effort.
Sir W. Scott.
De*bil`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
debilitatio: cf. F. d\'82bilitation.]
The act or process of debilitating, or the condition of one
who is debilitated; weakness.
De*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L.
debilitas, fr. debilis weak, prob. fr.
de- + habilis able: cf. F.
d\'82bilit\'82. See Able,
a.] The state of being weak; weakness;
feebleness; languor.
The inconveniences of too strong a perspiration, which are
debility, faintness, and sometimes sudden death.
Arbuthnot.
Syn. -- Debility, Infirmity,
Imbecility. An infirmity
belongs, for the most part, to particular members, and is often
temporary, as of the eyes, etc. Debility is more
general, and while it lasts impairs the ordinary functions of
nature. Imbecility attaches to the whole frame, and
renders it more or less powerless. Debility may be
constitutional or may be the result or superinduced causes;
Imbecility is always constitutional;
infirmity is accidental, and results from sickness or
a decay of the frame. These words, in their figurative uses, have
the same distinctions; we speak of infirmity of will,
debility of body, and an Imbecility which
affects the whole man; but Imbecility is often used
with specific reference to feebleness of mind.
Deb"it (?), n. [L.
debitum what is due, debt, from debere to
owe: cf. F. d\'82bit. See Debt.] A
debt; an entry on the debtor (Dr.) side of an account; -- mostly
used adjectively; as, the debit side of an
account.
Deb"it, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Debited; p. pr. & vb. n.
Debiting.]
1. To charge with debt; -- the opposite of, and
correlative to, credit; as, to debit a
purchaser for the goods sold.
2. (Bookkeeping) To enter on the debtor
(Dr.) side of an account; as, to debit the amount of
goods sold.
Deb"it*or (?), n. [L. See
Debtor.] A debtor. [Obs.]
Shak.
De`bi*tu`mi*ni*za"tion (?), n.
The act of depriving of bitumen.
De`bi*tu"mi*nize (?), v. t. To
deprive of bitumen.
\'d8D\'82`blai" (?), n.
[F.] (Fort.) The cavity from which the
earth for parapets, etc. (remblai), is taken.
Deb`o*nair" (?), a. [OE.
debonere, OF. de bon aire,
debonaire, of good descent or lineage, excellent,
debonair, F. d\'82bonnaire debonair; de of
(L. de) + bon good (L. bonus) +
aire. See Air, and Bounty, and cf.
Bonair.] Characterized by courteousness,
affability, or gentleness; of good appearance and manners;
graceful; complaisant.
Was never prince so meek and debonair.
Spenser.
Deb`o*nair"i*ty (?), n. [OF.
debonairet\'82, F.
d\'82bonnairet\'82.] Debonairness.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Deb`o*nair"ly, adv. Courteously;
elegantly.
Deb`o*nair"ness, n. The quality of being
debonair; good humor; gentleness; courtesy.
Sterne.
De*bosh" (?), v. t. [Old form
of debauch.] To debauch.
[Obs.] \'bdA deboshed lady.\'b8
Beau. & Fl.
De*bosh"ment (?), n.
Debauchment. [Obs.]
De*bouch" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Debouched
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Debouching.] [F.
d\'82boucher; pref. d\'82- (L.
dis- or de) + boucher to stop
up, fr. bouche mouth, fr. L. bucca the
cheek. Cf. Disembogue.] To march out from a
wood, defile, or other confined spot, into open ground; to
issue.
Battalions debouching on the plain.
Prescott.
\'d8D\'82`bou`ch\'82" (?), n.
[F.] A place for exit; an outlet; hence, a market
for goods.
The d\'82bouch\'82s were ordered widened to afford
easy egress.
The Century.
\'d8D\'82`bou`chure" (?), n.
[F.] The outward opening of a river, of a valley,
or of a strait.
\'d8D\'82`bris" (?), n. [F.,
fr. pref. d\'82- (L. dis) +
briser to break, shatter; perh. of Celtic
origin.]
1. (Geol.) Broken and detached
fragments, taken collectively; especially, fragments detached
from a rock or mountain, and piled up at the base.
2. Rubbish, especially such as results from the
destruction of anything; remains; ruins.
De*bruised" (?), a. [Cf. OF.
debruisier to shatter, break. Cf.
Bruise.] (Her.) Surmounted by an
ordinary; as, a lion is debruised when a bend or
other ordinary is placed over it, as in the cut.
The lion of England and the lilies of France without the baton
sinister, under which, according to the laws of heraldry, they
where debruised in token of his illegitimate
birth.
Macaulay.
Debt (?), n. [OE.
dette, F. dette, LL. debita, fr.
L. debitus owed, p. p. of debere to owe,
prop., to have on loan; de- + habere to
have. See Habit, and cf. Debit,
Due.]
1. That which is due from one person to another,
whether money, goods, or services; that which one person is bound
to pay to another, or to perform for his benefit; thing owed;
obligation; liability.
Your son, my lord, has paid a soldier's debt.
Shak.
When you run in debt, you give to another power
over your liberty.
Franklin.
2. A duty neglected or violated; a fault; a sin; a
trespass. \'bdForgive us our debts.\'b8
Matt. vi. 12.
3. (Law) An action at law to recover a
certain specified sum of money alleged to be due.
Burrill.
Bond debt, Book debt,
etc. See under Bond, Book, etc. --
Debt of nature, death.
Debt"ed, p. a. Indebted; obliged
to. [R.]
I stand debted to this gentleman.
Shak.
Debt*ee" (?), n. (Law)
One to whom a debt is due; creditor; -- correlative to
debtor.
Blackstone.
Debt"less (?), a. Free from
debt.
Chaucer.
Debt"or (?), n. [OE.
dettur, dettour, OF. detor,
detur, detour, F. d\'82biteur,
fr. L. debitor, fr. debere to owe. See
Debt.] One who owes a debt; one who is
indebted; -- correlative to creditor.
[I 'll] bring your latter hazard back again,
And thankfully rest debtor for the first.
Shak.
In Athens an insolvent debtor became slave to his
creditor.
Mitford.
Debtors for our lives to you.
Tennyson.
De*bul"li*ate (?), v. i. [Pref.
d\'82- + L. bullire to boil.] To
boil over. [Obs.]
Deb`u*li"tion (?), n. [See
Debulliate.] A bubbling or boiling
over. [Obs.]
Bailey.
De*burse" (?), v. t. & i.
[Pref. de + L. bursa purse.]
To disburse. [Obs.]
Ludlow.
De"bu*scope (?), n. [From the
inventor, Debus, a French optician +
-scope.] (Opt.) A modification
of the kaleidoscope; -- used to reflect images so as to form
beautiful designs.
\'d8D\'82`but" (?), n. [F.
d\'82but, prop., the first cast or throw at play, fr.
but aim, mark. See Butt an end.] A
beginning or first attempt; hence, a first appearance before the
public, as of an actor or public speaker.
\'d8D\'82`bu`tant" (?), n.;
fem. D\'82`bu`tante" (/). [F., p.
pr. of d\'82buter to have the first throw, to make
one's d\'82but. See D\'82but.] A
person who makes his (or her) first appearance before the
public.
Dec"a- (?). [Cf. Ten.]
A prefix, from Gr. de`ka, signifying
ten; specifically (Metric System), a prefix
signifying the weight or measure that is ten times the
principal unit.
\'d8De*cac`e*ra"ta (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. de`ka ten + ke`ras a
horn.] (Zo\'94l.) The division of
Cephalopoda which includes the squids, cuttlefishes, and others
having ten arms or tentacles; -- called also
Decapoda. [Written also
Decacera.] See Dibranchiata.
{ Dec"a*chord (?), Dec`a*chor"don
(?), } n. [Gr.
deka`chordos tenstringed; de`ka ten +
chordj` a string.]
1. An ancient Greek musical instrument of ten
strings, resembling the harp.
2. Something consisting of ten parts.
W. Watson.
Dec`u*cu"mi*na`ted (?), a. [L.
decacuminare to cut off the top. See
Cacuminate.] Having the point or top cut
off. [Obs.]
Bailey.
Dec"ad (?), n. A decade.
Averill was a decad and a half his elder.
Tennyson.
Dec"a*dal (?), a. Pertaining to
ten; consisting of tens.
Dec"ade (?), n. [F.
d\'82cade, L. decas, -adis, fr.
Gr. /, fr. / ten. See Ten.] A group or
division of ten; esp., a period of ten years; a decennium;
as, a decade of years or days; a decade of
soldiers; the second decade of Livy.
[Written also decad.]
During this notable decade of years.
Gladstone.
{ De*ca"dence (?), De*ca"den*cy
(?), } n. [LL.
decadentia; L. de- + cadere to
fall: cf. F. d\'82cadence. See Decay.]
A falling away; decay; deterioration; declension. \'bdThe
old castle, where the family lived in their
decadence.'
Sir W. Scott.
De*ca"dent (?), a. Decaying;
deteriorating.
Dec"a*dist (?), n. A writer of
a book divided into decades; as, Livy was a
decadist. [R.]
Dec"a*gon (?), n. [Pref.
deca- + Gr. / a corner or angle: cf. F.
d\'82cagone.] (Geom.) A plane
figure having ten sides and ten angles; any figure having ten
angles. A regular decagon is one that has all its
sides and angles equal.
De*cag"o*nal (?), a. Pertaining
to a decagon; having ten sides.
{ Dec"a*gram, Dec"a*gramme }
(?), n. [F. d\'82cagramme;
Gr. / ten + F. gramme. See Gram.]
A weight of the metric system; ten grams, equal to about
154.32 grains avoirdupois.
\'d8Dec`a*gyn"i*a (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / ten + / a woman, a female.]
(Bot.) A Linn\'91an order of plants characterized
by having ten styles.
{ Dec`a*gyn"i*an (?),
Dec*cag"y*nous (?), } a.
[Cf. F. d\'82cagyne.] (Bot.)
Belonging to the Decagynia; having ten styles.
Dec`a*he"dral (?), a. Having
ten sides.
Dec`a*he"dron (?), n.; pl. E.
Decahedrons (#), L. Decahedra
(#). [Pref. deca- + Gr.
'e`dra a seat, a base, fr. 'e`zesthai to
sit: cf. F. d\'82ca\'8adre.] (Geom.)
A solid figure or body inclosed by ten plane surfaces.
[Written also, less correctly,
decaedron.]
De*cal`ci*fi*ca"tion (?), n.
The removal of calcareous matter.
De*cal"ci*fy (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Decalcified
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Decalcifying.] To deprive of calcareous
matter; thus, to decalcify bones is to remove the
stony part, and leave only the gelatin.
{ De*cal`co*ma"ni*a (?),
De*cal`co*ma"nie (?), } n.
[F. d\'82calcomanie.] The art or
process of transferring pictures and designs to china, glass,
marble, etc., and permanently fixing them thereto.
{ Dec"a*li`ter, Dec"a*li`tre }
(?), n. [F. d\'82calitre; Gr.
/ ten + F. litre. See Liter.] A
measure of capacity in the metric system; a cubic volume of ten
liters, equal to about 610.24 cubic inches, that is, 2.642 wine
gallons.
Dec"a*log (?; 115), n.
Decalogue.
De*cal"o*gist (?), n. One who
explains the decalogue.
J. Gregory.
Dec"a*logue (?; 115), n. [F.
d\'82calogue, L. decalogus, fr. Gr. /;
/ ten + / speech, / to speak, to say. See
Ten.] The Ten Commandments or precepts given
by God to Moses on Mount Sinai, and originally written on two
tables of stone.
De*cam"e*ron (?), n. [It.
decamerone, fr. Gr. / ten + / part; though quite
generally supposed to be derived from / day: cf. F.
d\'82cam\'82ron.] A celebrated collection
of tales, supposed to be related in ten days; -- written in the
14th century, by Boccaccio, an Italian.
{ Dec"a*me`ter, Dec"a*me`tre }
(?), n. [F. d\'82cam\'8atre;
Gr. / ten + m\'8atre. See Meter.]
A measure of length in the metric system; ten meters, equal
to about 393.7 inches.
De*camp" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Decamped (?;
215); p. pr. & vb. n.
Decamping.] [F. d\'82camper;
pref. d\'82- (L. dis) + camp
camp. See Camp.]
1. To break up a camp; to move away from a camping
ground, usually by night or secretly.
Macaulay.
2. Hence, to depart suddenly; to run away; --
generally used disparagingly.
The fathers were ordered to decamp, and the house
was once again converted into a tavern.
Goldsmith.
De*camp"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82campement.] Departure from a camp; a
marching off.
Dec"a*nal (?; 277), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82canal. See Dean.] Pertaining
to a dean or deanery.
His rectorial as well as decanal residence.
Churton.
Decanal side, the side of the choir on which
the dean's tall is placed. -- Decanal stall,
the stall allotted to the dean in the choir, on the right or
south side of the chancel.
Shipley.
\'d8De*can"dri*a (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / ten + /, /, a man.]
(Bot.) A Linn\'91an class of plants characterized
by having ten stamens.
{ De*can"dri*an (?), De*can"drous
(?), } a. [Cf. F.
d\'82candre.] (Bot.) Belonging
to the Decandria; having ten stamens.
Dec"ane (?), n. [See
Deca-.] (Chem.) A liquid
hydrocarbon, C10H22, of the paraffin series,
including several isomeric modifications.
Dec*an"gu*lar (?), a. [Pref.
deca- + angular.] Having ten
angles.
\'d8De*ca"ni (?), a. [L., lit.,
of the dean.] Used of the side of the choir on which
the dean's stall is placed; decanal; -- correlative to
cantoris; as, the decanal, or decani,
side.
De*cant" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Decanted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Decanting.] [F.
d\'82canter (cf. It. decantare), prop., to
pour off from the edge of a vessel; pref. d\'82- (L.
de) + OF. cant (It. canto) edge,
border, end. See Cant an edge.] To pour off
gently, as liquor, so as not to disturb the sediment; or to pour
from one vessel into another; as, to decant
wine.
De*can"tate (?), v. t. To
decant. [Obs.]
De`can*ta"tion (?; 277), n.
[Cf. F. d\'82cantation.] The act of
pouring off a clear liquor gently from its lees or sediment, or
from one vessel into another.
De*cant"er (?), n.
1. A vessel used to decant liquors, or for
receiving decanted liquors; a kind of glass bottle used for
holding wine or other liquors, from which drinking glasses are
filled.
2. One who decants liquors.
De*caph"yl*lous (?), a. [Pref.
deca- + Gr. / leaf: cf. F.
d\'82caphylle.] (Bot.) Having
ten leaves.
De*cap"i*tate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Decapitated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Decapitating.] [LL.
decapitatus, p. p. of decapitare; L.
de- + caput head. See
Chief.]
1. To cut off the head of; to behead.
2. To remove summarily from office.
[Colloq. U. S.]
De*cap`i*ta"tion (?), n. [LL.
decapitatio: cf. F. d\'82capitation.]
The act of beheading; beheading.
Dec"a*pod (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82capode.] (Zo\'94l.) A
crustacean with ten feet or legs, as a crab; one of the Decapoda.
Also used adjectively.
<-- p. 375 -->
\'d8De*cap"o*da (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / ten + /, /, foot.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) The order of Crustacea
which includes the shrimps, lobsters, crabs, etc.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A division of the
dibranchiate cephalopods including the cuttlefishes and squids.
See Decacera.
{ Dec*cap"o*dal (?),
Dec*cap"o*dous (?), } a.
(Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the decapods; having ten
feet; ten-footed.
De*car"bon*ate (?), v. t. To
deprive of carbonic acid.
De*car`bon*i*za"tion (?), n.
The action or process of depriving a substance of
carbon.
De*car"bon*ize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Decarbonized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Decarbonizing.] To deprive of carbon;
as, to decarbonize steel; to decarbonize
the blood.
Decarbonized iron. See Malleable
iron. -- Decarbonized steel, homogenous
wrought iron made by a steel process, as that of Bessemer; ingot
iron.
De*car"bon*i`zer (?), n. He
who, or that which, decarbonizes a substance.
De*car`bu*ri*za"tion (?), n.
The act, process, or result of decarburizing.
De*car"bu*ize (?), v. t. To
deprive of carbon; to remove the carbon from.
De*card" (?), v. t. To
discard. [Obs.]
You have cast those by, decarded them.
J. Fletcher.
De*car"di*nal*ize (?), v. t. To
depose from the rank of cardinal.
Dec"a*stere (?), n. [L.
d\'82cast\'8are; Gr. / ten + F. st\'8are
a stere.] (Metric System) A measure of
capacity, equal to ten steres, or ten cubic meters.
Dec"a*stich (?), n. [Pref.
deca- + Gr. / a row, a line of writing, a
verse.] A poem consisting of ten lines.
Dec"a*style (?), a. [Gr. /;
/ ten + / a column.] (Arch.) Having ten
columns in front; -- said of a portico, temple, etc. --
n. A portico having ten pillars or columns
in front.
Dec`a*syl*lab"ic (?), a. [Pref.
deca- + syllabic: cf. F.
d\'82casyllabique, d\'82casyllable.]
Having, or consisting of, ten syllables.
Dec`a*to"ic (?), a.
(Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from,
decane.
De*cay" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Decayed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Decaying.] [OF. decaeir,
dechaer, decheoir, F.
d\'82choir, to decline, fall, become less; L.
de- + cadere to fall. See
Chance.] To pass gradually from a sound,
prosperous, or perfect state, to one of imperfection, adversity,
or dissolution; to waste away; to decline; to fail; to become
weak, corrupt, or disintegrated; to rot; to perish; as, a
tree decays; fortunes decay; hopes
decay.
Ill fares the land, to hastening ills a prey,
Where wealth accumulates and men decay.
Goldsmith.
De*cay", v. t.
1. To cause to decay; to impair.
[R.]
Infirmity, that decays the wise.
Shak.
2. To destroy. [Obs.]
Shak.
De*cay", n.
1. Gradual failure of health, strength, soundness,
prosperity, or of any species of excellence or perfection;
tendency toward dissolution or extinction; corruption;
rottenness; decline; deterioration; as, the decay of
the body; the decay of virtue; the decay of the
Roman empire; a castle in decay.
Perhaps my God, though he be far before,
May turn, and take me by the hand, and more -
May strengthen my decays.
Herbert.
His [Johnson's] failure was not to be ascribed to intellectual
decay.
Macaulay.
Which has caused the decay of the consonants to
follow somewhat different laws.
James Byrne.
2. Destruction; death. [Obs.]
Spenser.
3. Cause of decay. [R.]
He that plots to be the only figure among ciphers, is the
decay of the whole age.
Bacon.
Syn. -- Decline; consumption. See Decline.
De*cayed" (?), a. Fallen, as to
physical or social condition; affected with decay; rotten;
as, decayed vegetation or vegetables; a
decayed fortune or gentleman. --
De*cay"ed*ness (#),
n.
De*cay"er (?), n. A causer of
decay. [R.]
De*cease" (?), n. [OE.
deses, deces, F. d\'82c\'8as,
fr. L. decessus departure, death, fr.
decedere to depart, die; de- +
cedere to withdraw. See Cease,
Cede.] Departure, especially departure from
this life; death.
His decease, which he should accomplish at
Jerusalem.
Luke ix. 31.
And I, the whilst you mourn for his decease,
Will with my mourning plaints your plaint increase.
Spenser.
Syn. -- Death; departure; dissolution; demise; release. See
Death.
De*cease", v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Deceased (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Deceasing.] To depart from
this life; to die; to pass away.
She's dead, deceased, she's dead.
Shak.
When our summers have deceased.
Tennyson.
Inasmuch as he carries the malignity and the lie with him, he
so far deceases from nature.
Emerson.
De*ceased" (?), a. Passed away;
dead; gone.
The deceased, the dead person.
De*cede" (?), v. i. [L.
decedere. See Decease, n.]
To withdraw. [Obs.]
Fuller.
De*ce"dent (?), a. [L.
decedens, p. pr. of decedere.]
Removing; departing.
Ash.
De*ce"dent, n. A deceased person.
Bouvier.
De*ceit" (?), n. [OF.
deceit, des/ait, decept (cf.
deceite, de/oite), fr. L.
deceptus deception, fr. decipere. See
Deceive.]
1. An attempt or disposition to deceive or lead
into error; any declaration, artifice, or practice, which
misleads another, or causes him to believe what is false; a
contrivance to entrap; deception; a wily device; fraud.
Making the ephah small and the shekel great, and falsifying
the balances by deceit.
Amos viii. 5.
Friendly to man, far from deceit or guile.
Milton.
Yet still we hug the dear deceit.
N. Cotton.
2. (Law) Any trick, collusion,
contrivance, false representation, or underhand practice, used to
defraud another. When injury is thereby effected, an action
of deceit, as it called, lies for compensation.
Syn. -- Deception; fraud; imposition; duplicity; trickery;
guile; falsifying; double-dealing; stratagem. See
Deception.
De*ceit"ful (?), a. Full of, or
characterized by, deceit; serving to mislead or insnare;
trickish; fraudulent; cheating; insincere.
Harboring foul deceitful thoughts.
Shak.
De*ceit"ful*ly, adv. With intent to
deceive.
De*ceit"ful*ness, n.
1. The disposition to deceive; as, a man's
deceitfulness may be habitual.
2. The quality of being deceitful; as, the
deceitfulness of a man's practices.
3. Tendency to mislead or deceive. \'bdThe
deceitfulness of riches.\'b8
Matt. xiii. 22.
De*ceit"less, a. Free from deceit.
Bp. Hall.
De*ceiv"a*ble (?), a. [F.
d\'82cevable.]
1. Fitted to deceive; deceitful.
[Obs.]
The fraud of deceivable traditions.
Milton.
2. Subject to deceit; capable of being
misled.
Blind, and thereby deceivable.
Milton.
De*ceiv"a*ble*ness, n.
1. Capability of deceiving.
With all deceivableness of unrighteousness.
2 Thess. ii. 10.
2. Liability to be deceived or misled; as, the
deceivableness of a child.
De*ceiv"a*bly, adv. In a deceivable
manner.
De*ceive" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deceived
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deceiving.] [OE. deceveir,
F. d\'82cevoir, fr. L. decipere to catch,
insnare, deceive; de- + capere to take,
catch. See Capable, and cf. Deceit,
Deception.]
1. To lead into error; to cause to believe what is
false, or disbelieve what is true; to impose upon; to mislead; to
cheat; to disappoint; to delude; to insnare.
Evil men and seducers shall wax worse and worse,
deceiving, and being deceived.
2 Tim. iii. 13.
Nimble jugglers that deceive the eye.
Shak.
What can 'scape the eye
Of God all-seeing, or deceive his heart?
Milton.
2. To beguile; to amuse, so as to divert the
attention; to while away; to take away as if by deception.
These occupations oftentimes deceived
The listless hour.
Wordsworth.
3. To deprive by fraud or stealth; to
defraud. [Obs.]
Plant fruit trees in large borders, and set therein fine
flowers, but thin and sparingly, lest they deceive the
trees.
Bacon.
Syn. -- Deceive, Delude,
Mislead. Deceive is a general
word applicable to any kind of misrepresentation affecting faith
or life. To delude, primarily, is to make sport of, by
deceiving, and is accomplished by playing upon one's imagination
or credulity, as by exciting false hopes, causing him to
undertake or expect what is impracticable, and making his failure
ridiculous. It implies some infirmity of judgment in the victim,
and intention to deceive in the deluder. But it is often used
reflexively, indicating that a person's own weakness has made him
the sport of others or of fortune; as, he deluded
himself with a belief that luck would always favor him.
To mislead is to lead, guide, or direct in a wrong
way, either willfully or ignorantly.
De*ceiv"er (?), n. One who
deceives; one who leads into error; a cheat; an impostor.
The deceived and the deceiver are his.
Job xii. 16.
Syn. -- Deceiver, Impostor.
A deceiver operates by stealth and in private upon
individuals; an impostor practices his arts on the
community at large. The one succeeds by artful falsehoods, the
other by bold assumption. The faithless friend and the fickle
lover are deceivers; the false prophet and the
pretended prince are impostors.
De*cem"ber (?), n. [F.
d\'82cembre, from L. December, fr.
decem ten; this being the tenth month among the early
Romans, who began the year in March. See Ten.]
1. The twelfth and last month of the year,
containing thirty-one days. During this month occurs the winter
solstice.
2. Fig.: With reference to the end of the year and
to the winter season; as, the December of his
life.
De`cem*den"tate (?), a. [L.
decem ten + E. dentate.] Having
ten points or teeth.
De*cem"fid (?), a. [L.
decem ten + root of findere to
cleave.] (Bot.) Cleft into ten parts.
De`cem*loc"u*lar (?), a. [L.
decem ten + E. locular.]
(Bot.) Having ten cells for seeds.
De*cem"pe*dal (?), a. [L.
decem ten + E. pedal.]
1. Ten feet in length.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Having ten feet;
decapodal. [R.]
Bailey.
De*cem"vir (?), n.; pl. E.
Decemvirs (#), L. Decemviri
(#). [L., fr. decem ten +
vir a man.]
1. One of a body of ten magistrates in ancient
Rome.
decemvirs was given to
various bodies of Roman magistrates. The most celebrated
decemvirs framed \'bdthe laws of the Twelve Tables,\'b8 about 450
B. C., and had absolute authority for three
years.
2. A member of any body of ten men in
authority.
De*cem"vi*ral (?), a. [L.
decemviralis.] Pertaining to the decemvirs
in Rome.
De*cem"vi*rate (?), n. [L.
decemviratus.]
1. The office or term of office of the decemvirs in
Rome.
2. A body of ten men in authority.
De*cem"vir*ship (?), n. The
office of a decemvir.
Holland.
De"cence (?), n. Decency.
[Obs.]
Dryden.
De"cen*cy (?), n.; pl.
Decencies (#). [L.
decentia, fr. decens: cf. F.
d\'82cence. See Decent.]
1. The quality or state of being decent, suitable,
or becoming, in words or behavior; propriety of form in social
intercourse, in actions, or in discourse; proper formality;
becoming ceremony; seemliness; hence, freedom from obscenity or
indecorum; modesty.
Observances of time, place, and of decency in
general.
Burke.
Immodest words admit of no defense,
For want of decency is want of sense.
Roscommon.
2. That which is proper or becoming.
The external decencies of worship.
Atterbury.
Those thousand decencies, that daily flow
From all her words and actions.
Milton.
De"cene (?), n. [L.
decem ten.] (Chem.) One of the
higher hydrocarbons, C10H20, of the ethylene
series.
De*cen"na*ry (?), n.; pl.
Decennaries (#). [L.
decennium a period of ten years; decem ten
+ annus a year.]
1. A period of ten years.
2. (O. Eng. Law) A tithing consisting of
ten neighboring families.
Burrill.
De*cen"ni*al (?), a. [See
Decennary.] Consisting of ten years;
happening every ten years; as, a decennial period;
decennial games.
Hallam.
De*cen"ni*al, n. A tenth year or tenth
anniversary.
\'d8De*cen"ni*um (?), n.; pl.
Decenniums (#), L. Decennia
(#). [L.] A period of ten
years. \'bdThe present decennium.\'b8
Hallam. \'bdThe last decennium of Chaucer's
life.\'b8
A. W. Ward.
{ De*cen"no*val (?),
De*cen"no*va*ry (?), } a.
[L. decem ten + novem nine.]
Pertaining to the number nineteen; of nineteen years.
[R.]
Holder.
De"cent (?), a. [L.
decens, decentis, p. pr. of
decere to be fitting or becoming; akin to
decus glory, honor, ornament, Gr. / to seem good, to
seem, think; cf. Skr. d/c to grant, to give; and
perh. akin to E. attire, tire: cf. F.
d\'82cent. Cf. Decorate, Decorum,
Deig/.]
1. Suitable in words, behavior, dress, or ceremony;
becoming; fit; decorous; proper; seemly; as, decent
conduct; decent language.
Shak.
Before his decent steps.
Milton.
2. Free from immodesty or obscenity; modest.
3. Comely; shapely; well-formed.
[Archaic]
A sable stole of cyprus lawn
Over thy decent shoulders drawn.
Milton.
By foreign hands thy decent limbs composed.
Pope.
4. Moderate, but competent; sufficient; hence,
respectable; fairly good; reasonably comfortable or satisfying;
as, a decent fortune; a decent
person.
A decent retreat in the mutability of human
affairs.
Burke.
-- De"cent*ly, adv. --
De"cent*ness, n.
De*cen`tral*i*za"tion (?), n.
The action of decentralizing, or the state of being
decentralized. \'bdThe decentralization of
France.\'b8
J. P. Peters.
De*cen"tral*ize (?), v. t. To
prevent from centralizing; to cause to withdraw from the center
or place of concentration; to divide and distribute (what has
been united or concentrated); -- esp. said of authority, or the
administration of public affairs.
De*cep"ti*ble (?), a. Capable
of being deceived; deceivable. Sir T. Browne. --
De*cep`ti*bil"i*ty (/),
n.
De*cep"tion (?), n. [F.
d\'82ception, L. deceptio, fr.
decipere, deceptum. See
Deceive.]
1. The act of deceiving or misleading.
South.
2. The state of being deceived or misled.
There is one thing relating either to the action or enjoyments
of man in which he is not liable to deception.
South.
3. That which deceives or is intended to deceive;
false representation; artifice; cheat; fraud.
There was of course room for vast deception.
Motley.
Syn. -- Deception, Deceit, Fraud,
Imposition. Deception usually
refers to the act, and deceit to the habit of the
mind; hence we speak of a person as skilled in
deception and addicted to deceit. The
practice of deceit springs altogether from design, and
that of the worst kind; but a deception does not
always imply aim and intention. It may be undesigned or
accidental. An imposition is an act of deception
practiced upon some one to his annoyance or injury; a
fraud implies the use of stratagem, with a view to
some unlawful gain or advantage.
De*cep"tious (?), a. [LL.
deceptiosus.] Tending deceive;
delusive. [R.]
As if those organs had deceptious functions.
Shak.
De*cep"tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82ceptif. See Deceive.] Tending
to deceive; having power to mislead, or impress with false
opinions; as, a deceptive countenance or
appearance.
Language altogether deceptive, and hiding the
deeper reality from our eyes.
Trench.
Deceptive cadence (Mus.), a cadence
on the subdominant, or in some foreign key, postponing the final
close.
De*cep"tive*ly, adv. In a manner to
deceive.
De*cep"tive*ness, n. The power or habit
of deceiving; tendency or aptness to deceive.
De`cep*tiv"i*ty (?), n.
Deceptiveness; a deception; a sham. [R.]
Carlyle.
De*cep"to*ry (?), a. [L.
deceptorius, from decipere.]
Deceptive. [R.]
De*cern" (?), v. t. [L.
decernere. See Decree.]
1. To perceive, discern, or decide.
[Obs.]
Granmer.
2. (Scots Law) To decree; to
adjudge.
<-- p. 376 -->
De*cern"i*ture (?; 135), n.
(Scots Law) A decree or sentence of a
court.
Stormonth.
De*cerp" (?), v. t. [L.
decerpere; de- + carpere to
pluck.] To pluck off; to crop; to gather.
[Obs.]
De*cerpt" (?), a. [L.
decerptus, p. p. of decerpere.]
Plucked off or away. [Obs.]
De*cerp"ti*ble (?), a. That may
be plucked off, cropped, or torn away. [Obs.]
Bailey.
De*cerp"tion (?), n.
1. The act of plucking off; a cropping.
2. That which is plucked off or rent away; a
fragment; a piece.
Glanvill.
De`cer*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
decertatio, fr. decertare,
decertatum; de- + certare to
contend.] Contest for mastery; contention;
strife. [R.]
Arnway.
De*ces"sion (?), n. [L.
decessio, fr. decedere to depart. See
Decease, n.] Departure; decrease;
-- opposed to accesion. [Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.
De*charm" (?), v. t. [Cf. F.
d\'82charmer. See Charm.] To free
from a charm; to disenchant.
De*chris"tian*ize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dechristianized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dechristianizing.] To turn from, or
divest of, Christianity.
De*cid"a*ble (?), a. Capable of
being decided; determinable.
De*cide" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Decided; p. pr.
& vb. n. Deciding.] [L.
dec\'c6dere; de- + caedere to
cut, cut off; prob. akin to E. shed, v.: cf. F.
d\'82cider. Cf. Decision.]
1. To cut off; to separate.
[Obs.]
Our seat denies us traffic here;
The sea, too near, decides us from the rest.
Fuller.
2. To bring to a termination, as a question,
controversy, struggle, by giving the victory to one side or
party; to render judgment concerning; to determine; to
settle.
So shall thy judgment be; thyself hast decided
it.
1 Kings xx. 40.
The quarrel toucheth none but us alone;
Betwixt ourselves let us decide it then.
Shak.
De*cide", v. i. To determine; to form a
definite opinion; to come to a conclusion; to give decision;
as, the court decided in favor of the
defendant.
Who shall decide, when doctors disagree?
Pope.
De*cid"ed (?), a.
1. Free from ambiguity; unequivocal; unmistakable;
unquestionable; clear; evident; as, a decided
advantage. \'bdA more decided taste for
science.\'b8
Prescott.
2. Free from doubt or wavering; determined; of
fixed purpose; fully settled; positive; resolute; as, a
decided opinion or purpose.
Syn. -- Decided, Decisive.
We call a thing decisive when it has the power or
quality of deciding; as, a decisive battle; we speak of
it as decided when it is so fully settled as to leave
no room for doubt; as, a decided preference, a
decided aversion. Hence, a decided victory is
one about which there is no question; a decisive
victory is one which ends the contest. Decisive is
applied only to things; as, a decisive sentence, a
decisive decree, a decisive judgment.
Decided is applied equally to persons and things. Thus
we speak of a man as decided in his whole of conduct;
and as having a decided disgust, or a
decided reluctance, to certain measures. \'bdA politic
caution, a guarded circumspection, were among the ruling
principles of our forefathers in their most decided
conduct.\'b8 Burke. \'bdThe sentences of superior judges
are final, decisive, and irrevocable.
Blackstone.
De*cid"ed*ly, adv. In a decided manner;
indisputably; clearly; thoroughly.
De*cide"ment (?), n. Means of
forming a decision. [Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.
Dec"i*dence (?), n. [L.
decidens falling off.] A falling off.
[R.]
Sir T. Browne.
De*cid"er (?), n. One who
decides.
\'d8De*cid"u*a (?; 135), n.
[NL., fr. L. deciduus. See
Deciduous.] (Anat.) The inner
layer of the wall of the uterus, which envelops the embryo, forms
a part of the placenta, and is discharged with it.
\'d8De*cid`u*a"ta (?), n. pl.
[NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of Mammalia
in which a decidua is thrown off with, or after, the fetus, as in
the human species.
De*cid"u*ate (?; 135), a.
(Anat.) Possessed of, or characterized by, a
decidua.
Dec`i*du"i*ty (?), n.
Deciduousness. [R.]
De*cid"u*ous (?; 135), a. [L.
deciduus, fr. dec/dere to fall off;
de- + cadere to fall. See
Chance.] (Biol.) Falling off, or
subject to fall or be shed, at a certain season, or a certain
stage or interval of growth, as leaves (except of evergreens) in
autumn, or as parts of animals, such as hair, teeth, antlers,
etc.; also, shedding leaves or parts at certain seasons, stages,
or intervals; as, deciduous trees; the
deciduous membrane.
De*cid"u*ous*ness, n. The quality or
state of being deciduous.
{ Dec"i*gram, Dec"i*gramme }
(?), n. [F. d\'82cigramme;
pref. d\'82ci- tenth (fr. L. decimus) +
gramme.] A weight in the metric system; one
tenth of a gram, equal to 1.5432 grains avoirdupois.
{ Dec"il, Dec"ile } (?),
n. [F. d\'82cil, fr. L.
decem ten/ cf. It. decile.]
(Astrol.) An aspect or position of two planets,
when they are distant from each other a tenth part of the zodiac,
or 36
{ Dec"i*li`ter, Dec"i*li`tre }
(?), n. [F. d\'82cilitre;
pref. d\'82ci- tenth (L. decimus) +
litre. See Liter.] A measure of
capacity or volume in the metric system; one tenth of a liter,
equal to 6.1022 cubic inches, or 3.38 fluid ounces.
De*cil"lion (?), n. [L.
decem ten + the ending of million.]
According to the English notation, a million involved to the
tenth power, or a unit with sixty ciphers annexed; according to
the French and American notation, a thousand involved to the
eleventh power, or a unit with thirty-three ciphers annexed. [See
the Note under Numeration.]
De*cil"lionth (?), a.
Pertaining to a decillion, or to the quotient of unity
divided by a decillion.
De*cil"lionth (?), n. (a)
The quotient of unity divided by a decillion.
(b) One of a decillion equal parts.
Dec"i*mal (?), a. [F.
d\'82cimal (cf. LL. decimalis), fr. L.
decimus tenth, fr. decem ten. See
Ten, and cf. Dime.] Of or pertaining
to decimals; numbered or proceeding by tens; having a tenfold
increase or decrease, each unit being ten times the unit next
smaller; as, decimal notation; a decimal
coinage.
Decimal arithmetic, the common arithmetic, in
which numeration proceeds by tens. -- Decimal
fraction, a fraction in which the denominator is some
power of 10, as /, /, and is usually not expressed, but is
signified by a point placed at the left hand of the numerator, as
/2, /25. -- Decimal point, a dot or full
stop at the left of a decimal fraction. The figures at the left
of the point represent units or whole numbers, as 1.05.
Dec"i*mal, n. A number expressed in the
scale of tens; specifically, and almost exclusively, used as
synonymous with a decimal fraction.
Circulating, Circulatory,
decimal, a decimal fraction in which the
same figure, or set of figures, is constantly repeated; as,
0.354354354; -- called also recurring decimal,
repeating decimal, and
repetend.
Dec"i*mal*ism (?), n. The
system of a decimal currency, decimal weights, measures,
etc.
Dec"i*mal*ize (?), v. t. To
reduce to a decimal system; as, to decimalize the
currency. -- Dec`i*mal*i*za"tion
(#), n.
Dec"i*mal*ly, adv. By tens; by means of
decimals.
Dec"i*mate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Decimated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Decimating
(?).] [L. decimatus, p. p.
of decimare to decimate (in senses 1 & 2), fr.
decimus tenth. See Decimal.]
1. To take the tenth part of; to tithe.
Johnson.
2. To select by lot and punish with death every
tenth man of; as, to decimate a regiment as a
punishment for mutiny.
Macaulay.
3. To destroy a considerable part of; as, to
decimate an army in battle; to decimate a
people by disease.
Dec`i*ma"tion (?), n. [L.
decimatio: cf. F. d\'82cimation.]
1. A tithing. [Obs.]
State Trials (1630).
2. A selection of every tenth person by lot, as for
punishment.
Shak.
3. The destruction of any large proportion, as of
people by pestilence or war.
Milman.
Dec"i*ma`tor (?), n. [Cf. LL.
decimator.] One who decimates.
South.
\'d8D\'82`cime" (?), n.
[F.] A French coin, the tenth part of a franc,
equal to about two cents.
{ Dec"i*me`ter, Dec"i*me`tre }
(?), n. [F. d\'82cim\'8atre;
pref. d\'82ci- tenth (fr. L. decimus) +
m\'8atre. See Meter.] A measure of
length in the metric system; one tenth of a meter, equal to 3.937
inches.
Dec`i*mo*sex"to (?), n. [Prop.,
in sixteenth; fr. L. decimus tenth + sextus
sixth.] A book consisting of sheets, each of which is
folded into sixteen leaves; hence, indicating, more or less
definitely, a size of book; -- usually written 16mo or
16
Dec`i*mo*sex"to, a. Having sixteen
leaves to a sheet; as, a decimosexto form, book,
leaf, size.
De"cine (?; 104), n. [From L.
decem ten.] (Chem.) One of the
higher hydrocarbons, C10H15, of the
acetylene series; -- called also
decenylene.
De*ci"pher (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deciphered
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deciphering.] [Pref. de- +
cipher. Formed in imitation of F.
d\'82chiffrer. See Cipher.]
1. To translate from secret characters or ciphers
into intelligible terms; as, to decipher a letter
written in secret characters.
2. To find out, so as to be able to make known the
meaning of; to make out or read, as words badly written or partly
obliterated; to detect; to reveal; to unfold.
3. To stamp; to detect; to discover.
[R.]
You are both deciphered, . . .
For villains.
Shak.
De*ci"pher*a*ble (?), a.
Capable of being deciphered; as, old writings not
decipherable.
De*ci"pher*er (?), n. One who
deciphers.
De*ci"pher*ess (?), n. A woman
who deciphers.
De*ci"pher*ment (?), n. The act
of deciphering.
De*cip"i*en*cy (?), n. [L.
decipiens, p. pr. of decipere. See
Deceive.] State of being deceived;
hallucination. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
De*cip"i*um (?), n. [NL., fr.
L. decipere to deceive.] (Chem.)
A supposed rare element, said to be associated with cerium,
yttrium, etc., in the mineral samarskite, and more recently
called samarium. Symbol Dp. See
Samarium.
De*ci"sion (?), n. [L.
decisio, fr. dec\'c6dere,
decisum: cf. F. d\'82cision. See
Decide.]
1. Cutting off; division; detachment of a
part. [Obs.]
Bp. Pearson.
2. The act of deciding; act of settling or
terminating, as a controversy, by giving judgment on the matter
at issue; determination, as of a question or doubt; settlement;
conclusion.
The decision of some dispute.
Atterbury.
3. An account or report of a conclusion, especially
of a legal adjudication or judicial determination of a question
or cause; as, a decision of arbitrators; a
decision of the Supreme Court.
4. The quality of being decided; prompt and fixed
determination; unwavering firmness; as, to manifest great
decision.
Syn. -- Decision, Determination,
Resolution. Each of these words has two
meanings, one implying the act of deciding, determining, or
resolving; and the other a habit of mind as to doing.
It is in the last sense that the words are here compared.
Decision is a cutting short. It implies
that several courses of action have been presented to the mind,
and that the choice is now finally made. It supposes, therefore,
a union of promptitude and energy. Determination is
the natural consequence of decision. It is the settling of a
thing with a fixed purpose to adhere. Resolution is
the necessary result in a mind which is characterized by
firmness. It is a spirit which scatters (resolves) all
doubt, and is ready to face danger or suffering in carrying out
one's determinations. Martin Luther was equally distinguished for
his prompt decision, his steadfast
determination, and his inflexible
resolution.
De*ci*sive (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82cisif. See Decision.]
1. Having the power or quality of deciding a
question or controversy; putting an end to contest or
controversy; final; conclusive. \'bdA decisive,
irrevocable doom.\'b8 Bates. \'bdDecisive
campaign.\'b8 Macaulay. \'bdDecisive
proof.\'b8
Hallam.
2. Marked by promptness and decision.
A noble instance of this attribute of the decisive
character.
J. Foster.
Syn. -- Decided; positive; conclusive. See
Decided.
-- De*ci"sive*ly, adv. --
De*ci"sive*ness, n.
De*ci"so*ry (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82cisoire. See Decision.] Able
to decide or determine; having a tendency to decide.
[R.]
Dec"i*stere (?), n. [F.
d\'82cist\'8are; pref. d\'82ci- tenth (fr.
L. decimus) + st\'8are a stere.]
(Metric System) The tenth part of the stere or
cubic meter, equal to 3.531 cubic feet. See Stere.
De*cit"i*zen*ize (?), v. t. To
deprive of the rights of citizenship. [R.]
We have no law -- as the French have -- to
decitizenize a citizen.
Edw. Bates.
De*civ"i*lize (?), v. t. To
reduce from civilization to a savage state.
[R.]
Blackwood's Mag.
Deck (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Decked (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Decking.]
[D. dekken to cover; akin to E.
thatch. See Thatch.]
1. To cover; to overspread.
To deck with clouds the uncolored sky.
Milton.
2. To dress, as the person; to clothe; especially,
to clothe with more than ordinary elegance; to array; to adorn;
to embellish.
Deck thyself now with majesty and excellency.
Job xl. 10.
And deck my body in gay ornaments.
Shak.
The dew with spangles decked the ground.
Dryden.
3. To furnish with a deck, as a vessel.
Deck, n. [D. dek. See
Deck, v.]
1. The floorlike covering of the horizontal
sections, or compartments, of a ship. Small vessels have only one
deck; larger ships have two or three decks.
Berth deck (Navy), a deck next
below the gun deck, where the hammocks of the crew are
swung. -- Boiler deck (River
Steamers), the deck on which the boilers are
placed. -- Flush deck, any continuous,
unbroken deck from stem to stern. -- Gun deck
(Navy), a deck below the spar deck, on which the
ship's guns are carried. If there are two gun decks, the upper
one is called the main deck, the lower, the lower
gun deck; if there are three, one is called the middle
gun deck. -- Half-deck, that portion of
the deck next below the spar deck which is between the mainmast
and the cabin. -- Hurricane deck (River
Steamers, etc.), the upper deck, usually a light deck,
erected above the frame of the hull. -- Orlop
deck, the deck or part of a deck where the cables are
stowed, usually below the water line. -- Poop
deck, the deck forming the roof of a poop or poop
cabin, built on the upper deck and extending from the mizzenmast
aft. -- Quarter-deck, the part of the upper
deck abaft the mainmast, including the poop deck when there is
one. -- Spar deck. (a) Same as the
upper deck. (b) Sometimes a light deck fitted
over the upper deck. -- Upper deck, the
highest deck of the hull, extending from stem to stern.
2. (arch.) The upper part or top of a
mansard roof or curb roof when made nearly flat.
3. (Railroad) The roof of a passenger
car.
4. A pack or set of playing cards.
The king was slyly fingered from the deck.
Shak.
5. A heap or store. [Obs.]
Who . . . hath such trinkets
Ready in the deck.
Massinger.
Between decks. See under
Between. -- Deck bridge (Railroad
Engineering), a bridge which carries the track upon the
upper chords; -- distinguished from a through bridge,
which carries the track upon the lower chords, between the
girders. -- Deck curb (Arch.), a
curb supporting a deck in roof construction. -- Deck
floor (Arch.), a floor which serves also as
a roof, as of a belfry or balcony. -- Deck hand,
a sailor hired to help on the vessel's deck, but not expected
to go aloft. -- Deck molding (Arch.),
the molded finish of the edge of a deck, making the junction
with the lower slope of the roof. -- Deck roof
(Arch.), a nearly flat roof which is not
surmounted by parapet walls. -- Deck transom
(Shipbuilding), the transom into which the deck is
framed. -- To clear the decks (Naut.),
to remove every unnecessary incumbrance in preparation for
battle; to prepare for action. -- To sweep the
deck (Card Playing), to clear off all the
stakes on the table by winning them.
Deck"el (?), n. (Paper
Making) Same as Deckle.
Deck"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, decks or adorns; a
coverer; as, a table decker.
2. A vessel which has a deck or decks; -- used esp.
in composition; as, a single-decker; a
three-decker.
Dec"kle (?), n. [Cf. G.
deckel cover, lid.] (Paper Making)
A separate thin wooden frame used to form the border of a
hand mold, or a curb of India rubber or other material which
rests on, and forms the edge of, the mold in a paper machine and
determines the width of the paper. [Spelt also
deckel, and deckle.]
De*claim" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Declaimed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Declaiming.] [L. declamare;
de- + clamare to cry out: cf. F.
d\'82clamer. See Claim.]
1. To speak rhetorically; to make a formal speech
or oration; to harangue; specifically, to recite a speech, poem,
etc., in public as a rhetorical exercise; to practice public
speaking; as, the students declaim twice a
week.
2. To speak for rhetorical display; to speak
pompously, noisily, or theatrically; to make an empty speech; to
rehearse trite arguments in debate; to rant.
Grenville seized the opportunity to declaim on the
repeal of the stamp act.
Bancroft.
<-- p. 377 -->
De*claim" (?), v. t.
1. To utter in public; to deliver in a rhetorical
or set manner.
2. To defend by declamation; to advocate
loudly. [Obs.] \'bdDeclaims his
cause.\'b8
South.
De*claim"ant (?), n. A
declaimer. [R.]
De*claim"er (?), n. One who
declaims; an haranguer.
Dec`la*ma"tion (?), n. [L.
declamatio, from declamare: cf. F.
d\'82clamation. See Declaim.]
1. The act or art of declaiming; rhetorical
delivery; haranguing; loud speaking in public; especially, the
public recitation of speeches as an exercise in schools and
colleges; as, the practice declamation by
students.
The public listened with little emotion, but with much
civility, to five acts of monotonous declamation.
Macaulay.
2. A set or harangue; declamatory discourse.
3. Pretentious rhetorical display, with more sound
than sense; as, mere declamation.
Dec"la*ma`tor (?), n.
[L.] A declaimer. [R.]
Sir T. Elyot.
De*clam"a*to*ry (?), a. [L.
declamatorius: cf. F.
d\'82clamatoire.]
1. Pertaining to declamation; treated in the manner
of a rhetorician; as, a declamatory
theme.
2. Characterized by rhetorical display;
pretentiously rhetorical; without solid sense or argument;
bombastic; noisy; as, a declamatory way or
style.
De*clar"a*ble (?), a. Capable
of being declared.
Sir T. Browne.
De*clar"ant (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82clarant, p. pr. of d\'82clarer.]
(Law) One who declares.
Abbott.
Dec`la*ra"tion (?), n. [F.
d\'82claration, fr. L. declaratio, fr.
declarare. See Declare.]
1. The act of declaring, or publicly announcing;
explicit asserting; undisguised token of a ground or side taken
on any subject; proclamation; exposition; as, the
declaration of an opinion; a declaration of
war, etc.
2. That which is declared or proclaimed;
announcement; distinct statement; formal expression;
avowal.
Declarations of mercy and love . . . in the
Gospel.
Tillotson.
3. The document or instrument containing such
statement or proclamation; as, the Declaration of
Independence (now preserved in Washington).
In 1776 the Americans laid before Europe that noble
Declaration, which ought to be hung up in the nursery
of every king, and blazoned on the porch of every royal
palace.
Buckle.
4. (Law) That part of the process in
which the plaintiff sets forth in order and at large his cause of
complaint; the narration of the plaintiff's case containing the
count, or counts. See Count, n., 3.
Declaration of Independence. (Amer.
Hist.) See under Independence. --
Declaration of rights. (Eng. Hist) See
Bill of rights, under Bill. --
Declaration of trust (Law), a paper
subscribed by a grantee of property, acknowledging that he holds
it in trust for the purposes and upon the terms set
forth.
Abbott.
De*clar"a*tive (?), a. [L.
declarativus, fr. declarare: cf. F.
d\'82claratif.] Making declaration,
proclamation, or publication; explanatory; assertive;
declaratory. \'bdDeclarative laws.\'b8
Baker.
The \'bdvox populi,\'b8 so declarative on the same
side.
Swift.
De*clar"a*tive*ly, adv. By distinct
assertion; not impliedly; in the form of a declaration.
The priest shall expiate it, that is,
declaratively.
Bates.
Dec"la*ra`tor (?), n. [L., an
announcer.] (Scots Law) A form of action by
which some right or interest is sought to be judicially
declared.
De*clar"a*to*ri*ly (?), adv. In
a declaratory manner.
De*clar"a*to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82claratoire.] Making declaration,
explanation, or exhibition; making clear or manifest;
affirmative; expressive; as, a clause declaratory of
the will of the legislature.
Declaratory act (Law), an act or
statute which sets forth more clearly, and declares what is, the
existing law.
De*clare" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p.
Declared (#); p. pr. &
vb. n. Declaring.]
[F. d\'82clarer, from L. declarare;
de + clarare to make clear,
clarus, clear, bright. See Clear.]
1. To make clear; to free from obscurity.
[Obs.] \'bdTo declare this a little.\'b8
Boyle.
2. To make known by language; to communicate or
manifest explicitly and plainly in any way; to exhibit; to
publish; to proclaim; to announce.
This day I have begot whom I declare
My only Son.
Milton.
The heavens declare the glory of God.
Ps. xix. 1.
3. To make declaration of; to assert; to affirm; to
set forth; to avow; as, he declares the story to be
false.
I the Lord . . . declare things that are right.
Isa. xlv. 19.
4. (Com.) To make full statement of, as
goods, etc., for the purpose of paying taxes, duties, etc.
To declare off, to recede from an agreement,
undertaking, contract, etc.; to renounce. -- To declare
one's self, to avow one's opinion; to show openly what
one thinks, or which side he espouses.
De*clare", v. i.
1. To make a declaration, or an open and explicit
avowal; to proclaim one's self; -- often with for or
against; as, victory declares against the
allies.
Like fawning courtiers, for success they wait,
And then come smiling, and declare for fate.
Dryden.
2. (Law) To state the plaintiff's cause
of action at law in a legal form; as, the plaintiff
declares in trespass.
De*clar"ed*ly (?), adv.
Avowedly; explicitly.
De*clar"ed*ness, n. The state of being
declared.
De*clare"ment (?), n.
Declaration. [Obs.]
De*clar"er (?), n. One who
makes known or proclaims; that which exhibits.
Udall.
De*clen"sion (?), n.
[Apparently corrupted fr. F. d\'82clinaison, fr.
L. declinatio, fr. declinare. See
Decline, and cf. Declination.]
1. The act or the state of declining; declination;
descent; slope.
The declension of the land from that place to the
sea.
T. Burnet.
2. A falling off towards a worse state; a downward
tendency; deterioration; decay; as, the declension
of virtue, of science, of a state, etc.
Seduced the pitch and height of all his thoughts
To base declension.
Shak.
3. Act of courteously refusing; act of declining; a
declinature; refusal; as, the declension of a
nomination.
4. (Gram.) (a) Inflection of
nouns, adjectives, etc., according to the grammatical
cases. (b) The form of the inflection of a
word declined by cases; as, the first or the second
declension of nouns, adjectives, etc.
(c) Rehearsing a word as declined.
oblique cases, were regarded as
fallings (hence called casus, cases, or fallings) from
the nominative or perpendicular; and an enumerating of the
various forms, being a sort of progressive descent from the
noun's upright form, was called a declension.
Harris.
Declension of the needle, declination of the
needle.
De*clen"sion*al (?), a.
Belonging to declension.
Declensional and syntactical forms.
M. Arnold.
De*clin"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82clinable. See Decline.]
Capable of being declined; admitting of declension or
inflection; as, declinable parts of
speech.
De*clin"al (?), a. Declining;
sloping.
Dec"li*nate (?), a. [L.
declinatus, p. p. of declinare. See
Decline.] Bent downward or aside;
(Bot.) bending downward in a curve; declined.
Dec`li*na"tion (?), n. [L.
declinatio a bending aside, an avoiding: cf. F.
d\'82clination a decadence. See
Declension.]
1. The act or state of bending downward;
inclination; as, declination of the head.
2. The act or state of falling off or declining
from excellence or perfection; deterioration; decay;
decline. \'bdThe declination of monarchy.\'b8
Bacon.
Summer . . . is not looked on as a time
Of declination or decay.
Waller.
3. The act of deviating or turning aside; oblique
motion; obliquity; withdrawal.
The declination of atoms in their descent.
Bentley.
Every declination and violation of the rules.
South.
4. The act or state of declining or refusing;
withdrawal; refusal; averseness.
The queen's declination from marriage.
Stow.
5. (Astron.) The angular distance of any
object from the celestial equator, either northward or
southward.
6. (Dialing) The arc of the horizon,
contained between the vertical plane and the prime vertical
circle, if reckoned from the east or west, or between the
meridian and the plane, reckoned from the north or south.
7. (Gram.) The act of inflecting a word;
declension. See Decline, v. t., 4.
Angle of declination, the angle made by a
descending line, or plane, with a horizontal plane. --
Circle of declination, a circle parallel to the
celestial equator. -- Declination compass
(Physics), a compass arranged for finding the
declination of the magnetic needle. --
Declination of the compass needle, the horizontal angle which the
magnetic needle makes with the true north-and-south
line.
Dec"li*na`tor (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82clinateur. See Decline.]
1. An instrument for taking the declination or
angle which a plane makes with the horizontal plane.
2. A dissentient. [R.]
Bp. Hacket.
De*clin"a*to*ry (?; 277), a.
[LL. declinatorius, fr. L. declinare:
cf. F. d\'82clinatoire.] Containing or
involving a declination or refusal, as of submission to a charge
or sentence.
Blackstone.
Declinatory plea (O. Eng. Law), the
plea of sanctuary or of benefit of clergy, before trial or
conviction; -- now abolished.
De*clin"a*ture (?; 135), n. The
act of declining or refusing; as, the declinature of
an office.
De*cline" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Declined
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Declining.] [OE. declinen to
bend down, lower, sink, decline (a noun), F.
d\'82cliner to decline, refuse, fr. L.
declinare to turn aside, inflect (a part of speech),
avoid; de- + clinare to incline; akin to E.
lean. See Lean, v. i.]
1. To bend, or lean downward; to take a downward
direction; to bend over or hang down, as from weakness,
weariness, despondency, etc.; to condescend. \'bdWith
declining head.\'b8
Shak.
He . . . would decline even to the lowest of his
family.
Lady Hutchinson.
Disdaining to decline,
Slowly he falls, amidst triumphant cries.
Byron.
The ground at length became broken and declined
rapidly.
Sir W. Scott.
2. To tend or draw towards a close, decay, or
extinction; to tend to a less perfect state; to become diminished
or impaired; to fail; to sink; to diminish; to lessen; as,
the day declines; virtue declines; religion
declines; business declines.
That empire must decline
Whose chief support and sinews are of coin.
Waller.
And presume to know . . .
Who thrives, and who declines.
Shak.
3. To turn or bend aside; to deviate; to stray; to
withdraw; as, a line that declines from
straightness; conduct that declines from sound
morals.
Yet do I not decline from thy testimonies.
Ps. cxix. 157.
4. To turn away; to shun; to refuse; -- the
opposite of accept or consent; as, he
declined, upon principle.
De*cline", v. t.
1. To bend downward; to bring down; to depress; to
cause to bend, or fall.
In melancholy deep, with head declined.
Thomson.
And now fair Phoebus gan decline in haste
His weary wagon to the western vale.
Spenser.
2. To cause to decrease or diminish.
[Obs.] \'bdYou have declined his
means.\'b8
Beau. & Fl.
He knoweth his error, but will not seek to decline
it.
Burton.
3. To put or turn aside; to turn off or away from;
to refuse to undertake or comply with; reject; to shun; to avoid;
as, to decline an offer; to decline a
contest; he declined any participation with
them.
Could I
Decline this dreadful hour?
Massinger.
4. (Gram.) To inflect, or rehearse in
order the changes of grammatical form of; as, to
decline a noun or an adjective.
After the first declining of a noun and a verb.
Ascham.
5. To run through from first to last; to repeat
like a schoolboy declining a noun. [R.]
Shak.
De*cline" (?), n. [F.
d\'82clin. See Decline, v.
i.]
1. A falling off; a tendency to a worse state;
diminution or decay; deterioration; also, the period when a thing
is tending toward extinction or a less perfect state; as, the
decline of life; the decline of strength; the
decline of virtue and religion.
Their fathers lived in the decline of
literature.
Swift.
2. (Med.) That period of a disorder or
paroxysm when the symptoms begin to abate in violence; as,
the decline of a fever.
3. A gradual sinking and wasting away of the
physical faculties; any wasting disease, esp. pulmonary
consumption; as, to die of a decline.
Dunglison.
Syn. -- Decline, Decay,
Consumption. Decline marks the
first stage in a downward progress; decay indicates
the second stage, and denotes a tendency to ultimate destruction;
consumption marks a steady decay from an internal
exhaustion of strength. The health may experience a
decline from various causes at any period of life; it
is naturally subject to decay with the advance of old
age; consumption may take place at almost any period
of life, from disease which wears out the constitution. In
popular language decline is often used as synonymous
with consumption. By a gradual decline,
states and communities lose their strength and vigor; by
progressive decay, they are stripped of their honor,
stability, and greatness; by a consumption of their
resources and vital energy, they are led rapidly on to a
completion of their existence.
De*clined" (?), a.
Declinate.
De*clin"er (?), n. He who
declines or rejects.
A studious decliner of honors.
Evelyn.
Dec`li*nom"e*ter (?), n.
[Decline + -meter.]
(Physics) An instrument for measuring the
declination of the magnetic needle.
De*clin"ous (?), a.
Declinate.
{ De*cliv"i*tous (?), De*cli"vous
(?), } a. Descending gradually;
moderately steep; sloping; downhill.
De*cliv"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Declivities (#). [L.
declivitas, fr. declivis sloping, downhill;
de + clivus a slope, a hill; akin to
clinare to incline: cf. F. d\'82clivit\'82.
See Decline.]
1. Deviation from a horizontal line; gradual
descent of surface; inclination downward; slope; -- opposed to
acclivity, or ascent; the same slope, considered as
descending, being a declivity, which,
considered as ascending, is an
acclivity.
2. A descending surface; a sloping place.
Commodious declivities and channels for the passage
of the waters.
Derham.
De*coct" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Decocted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Decocting.] [L.
decoctus, p. p. of decoquere to boil down;
de- + coquere to cook, boil. See
Cook to decoct.]
1. To prepare by boiling; to digest in hot or
boiling water; to extract the strength or flavor of by boiling;
to make an infusion of.
2. To prepare by the heat of the stomach for
assimilation; to digest; to concoct.
3. To warm, strengthen, or invigorate, as if by
boiling. [R.] \'bdDecoct their cold
blood.\'b8
Shak.
De*coct"i*ble (?), a. Capable
of being boiled or digested.
De*coc"tion (?), n. [F.
d\'82coction, L. decoctio.]
1. The act or process of boiling anything in a
watery fluid to extract its virtues.
In decoction . . . it either purgeth at the top or
settleth at the bottom.
Bacon.
2. An extract got from a body by boiling it in
water.
If the plant be boiled in water, the strained liquor is called
the decoction of the plant.
Arbuthnot.
In pharmacy decoction is opposed to infusion, where
there is merely steeping.
Latham.
De*coc"ture (?; 135), n. A
decoction. [R.]
De*col"late (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Decollated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Decollating.] [L.
decollatus, p. p. of decollare to behead;
de- + collum neck.] To sever
from the neck; to behead; to decapitate.
The decollated head of St. John the Baptist.
Burke.
De*col"la*ted (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Decapitated; worn or cast off in the
process of growth, as the apex of certain univalve shells.
De`col*la"tion (?), n. [L.
decollatio: cf. F. d\'82collation.]
1. The act of beheading or state of one beheaded;
-- especially used of the execution of St. John the
Baptist.
2. A painting representing the beheading of a saint
or martyr, esp. of St. John the Baptist.
\'d8D\'82`col`le*t\'82" (?), a.
[F., p. p. of d\'82colleter to bare the neck and
shoulders; d\'82- + collet collar, fr. L.
collum neck.] Leaving the neck and
shoulders uncovered; cut low in the neck, or low-necked, as a
dress.
De*col"ling (?), n.
Beheading. [R.]
By a speedy dethroning and decolling of the
king.
Parliamentary History (1648).
De*col"or (?), v. t. [Cf. F.
d\'82colorer, L. decolorare. Cf.
Discolor.] To deprive of color; to
bleach.
De*col"or*ant (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82colorant, p. pr.] A substance which
removes color, or bleaches.
De*col"or*ate (?), a. [L.
decoloratus, p. p. of decolorare.]
Deprived of color.
De*col"or*ate (?), v. t. To
decolor.
<-- p. 378 -->
De*col`or*a"tion (?), n. [L.
decoloratio: cf. F. d\'82coloration.]
The removal or absence of color.
Ferrand.
De*col"or*ize (?), v. t. To
deprive of color; to whiten. Turner. --
De*col`or*i*za"tion (#),
n.
De"com*plex` (?), a. [Pref.
de- (intens.) + complex.]
Repeatedly compound; made up of complex constituents.
De`com*pos"a*ble (?), a.
Capable of being resolved into constituent elements.
De`com*pose" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Decomposed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Decomposing.] [Cf. F.
d\'82composer. Cf. Discompose.] To
separate the constituent parts of; to resolve into original
elements; to set free from previously existing forms of chemical
combination; to bring to dissolution; to rot or decay.
De`com*pose", v. i. To become resolved
or returned from existing combinations; to undergo dissolution;
to decay; to rot.
De`com*posed" (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Separated or broken up; -- said of the
crest of birds when the feathers are divergent.
De`com*pos"ite (?), a. [Pref.
de- (intens.) + composite.]
1. Compounded more than once; compounded with
things already composite.
2. (Bot.) See Decompound,
a., 2.
De`com*pos"ite, n. Anything
decompounded.
Decomposites of three metals or more.
Bacon.
De*com`po*si"tion (?), n.
[Pref. de- (in sense 3 intensive) +
composition: cf. F. d\'82composition. Cf.
Decomposition.]
1. The act or process of resolving the constituent
parts of a compound body or substance into its elementary parts;
separation into constituent part; analysis; the decay or
dissolution consequent on the removal or alteration of some of
the ingredients of a compound; disintegration; as, the
decomposition of wood, rocks, etc.
2. The state of being reduced into original
elements.
3. Repeated composition; a combination of
compounds. [Obs.]
Decomposition of forces. Same as
Resolution of forces, under Resolution.
-- Decomposition of light, the division of light
into the prismatic colors.
De`com*pound" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Decompounded;
p. pr. & vb. n. Decompounding.]
[Pref. de- (intens. in sense 1) +
compound, v. t.]
1. To compound or mix with that is already
compound; to compound a second time.
2. To reduce to constituent parts; to
decompose.
It divides and decompounds objects into . . .
parts.
Hazlitt.
De`com*pound", a. [Pref. de-
(intens.) + compound, a.]
1. Compound of what is already compounded;
compounded a second time.
2. (Bot.) Several times compounded or
divided, as a leaf or stem; decomposite.
De`com*pound", n. A decomposite.
De`com*pound"a*ble (?), a.
Capable of being decompounded.
De`con*cen"trate (?), v. t. To
withdraw from concentration; to decentralize.
[R.]
De*con`cen*tra"tion (?), n. Act
of deconcentrating. [R.]
De`con*coct" (?), v. t. To
decompose. [R.]
Fuller.
De*con"se*crate (?), v. t. To
deprive of sacredness; to secularize. --
De*con`se*cra"tion (#),
n.
Dec"o*ra*ment (?), n. [L.
decoramentum. See Decorate, v.
t.] Ornament. [Obs.]
Bailey.
Dec"o*rate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Decorated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Decorating
(?).] [L. decoratus, p. p.
of decorare, fr. decus ornament; akin to
decere to be becoming. See Decent.]
To deck with that which is becoming, ornamental, or
honorary; to adorn; to beautify; to embellish; as, to
decorate the person; to decorate an edifice; to
decorate a lawn with flowers; to decorate the
mind with moral beauties; to decorate a hero with
honors.
Her fat neck was ornamented with jewels, rich bracelets
decorated her arms.
Thackeray.
Syn. -- To adorn; embellish; ornament; beautify; grace. See
Adorn.
Decorated style (Arch.), a name
given by some writers to the perfected English Gothic
architecture; it may be considered as having flourished from
about a. d. 1300 to a. d. 1375.
Dec`o*ra"tion (?), n. [LL.
decoratio: cf. F. d\'82coration.]
1. The act of adorning, embellishing, or honoring;
ornamentation.
2. That which adorns, enriches, or beautifies;
something added by way of embellishment; ornament.
The hall was celebrated for . . . the richness of its
decoration.
Motley.
3. Specifically, any mark of honor to be worn upon
the person, as a medal, cross, or ribbon of an order of
knighthood, bestowed for services in war, great achievements in
literature, art, etc.
Decoration Day, a day, May 30, appointed for
decorating with flowers the graves of the Union soldiers and
sailors, who fell in the Civil War in the United States; Memorial
Day. [U.S.]
Dec"o*ra*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82coratif.] Suited to decorate or
embellish; adorning. --
Dec"o*ra*tive*ness, n.
Decorative art, fine art which has for its end
ornamentation, rather than the representation of objects or
events.
Dec"o*ra`tor (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82corateur.] One who decorates, adorns,
or embellishes; specifically, an artisan whose business is the
decoration of houses, esp. their interior decoration.
De*core" (?), v. t. [Cf. F.
d\'82corer. See Decorate.] To
decorate; to beautify. [Obs.]
To decore and beautify the house of God.
E. Hall.
De*core"ment (?), n.
Ornament. [Obs.]
De*co"rous (?; 277), a. [L.
dec/rus, fr. decor comeliness, beauty;
akin to decere. See Decent, and cf.
Decorum.] Suitable to a character, or to the
time, place, and occasion; marked with decorum; becoming; proper;
seemly; befitting; as, a decorous speech;
decorous behavior; a decorous dress for a
judge.
A decorous pretext the war.
Motley.
-- De*co"rous*ly, adv. --
De*co"rous*ness, n.
De*cor"ti*cate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Decorticated;
p. pr. & vb. n. Decorticating.]
[L. decorticatus, p. p. of decorticare
to bark; de- + cortex bark.] To
divest of the bark, husk, or exterior coating; to husk; to peel;
to hull. \'bdGreat barley dried and
decorticated.\'b8
Arbuthnot.
De*cor`ti*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
decorticatio: cf. F.
d\'82cortication.] The act of stripping off
the bark, rind, hull, or outer coat.
De*cor"ti*ca`tor (?), n. A
machine for decorticating wood, hulling grain, etc.; also, an
instrument for removing surplus bark or moss from fruit
trees.
De*cor"um (?), n. [L.
dec/rum, fr. dec/rus. See
Decorous.] Propriety of manner or conduct;
grace arising from suitableness of speech and behavior to one's
own character, or to the place and occasion; decency of conduct;
seemliness; that which is seemly or suitable.
Negligent of the duties and decorums of his
station.
Hallam.
If your master
Would have a queen his beggar, you must tell him,
That majesty, to keep decorum, must
No less beg than a kingdom.
Shak.
Syn. -- Decorum, Dignity.
Decorum, in accordance with its etymology, is that
which is becoming in outward act or appearance;
as, the decorum of a public assembly.
Dignity springs from an inward elevation of soul
producing a corresponding effect on the manners; as,
dignity of personal appearance.
De*coy" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Decoyed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Decoying.] [Pref. de- +
coy; orig., to quiet, soothe, caress, entice. See
Coy.] To lead into danger by artifice; to
lure into a net or snare; to entrap; to insnare; to allure; to
entice; as, to decoy troops into an ambush; to
decoy ducks into a net.
Did to a lonely cot his steps decoy.
Thomson.
E'en while fashion's brightest arts decoy,
The heart, distrusting, asks if this be joy.
Goldsmith.
Syn. -- To entice; tempt; allure; lure. See
Allure.
De*coy", n.
1. Anything intended to lead into a snare; a lure
that deceives and misleads into danger, or into the power of an
enemy; a bait.
2. A fowl, or the likeness of one, used by
sportsmen to entice other fowl into a net or within shot.
3. A place into which wild fowl, esp. ducks, are
enticed in order to take or shoot them.
4. A person employed by officers of justice, or
parties exposed to injury, to induce a suspected person to commit
an offense under circumstances that will lead to his
detection.
De*coy"-duck` (?), n. A duck
used to lure wild ducks into a decoy; hence, a person employed to
lure others into danger.
Beau. & Fl.
De*coy"er (?), n. One who
decoys another.
De*coy"-man` (?), n.; pl.
Decoy-men (/). A man employed in
decoying wild fowl.
De*crease" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Decreased
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Decreasing.] [OE. decrecen,
fr. OF. decreistre, F. d\'82cro\'8ctre, or
from the OF. noun (see Decrease, n.), fr. L.
decrescere to grow less; de +
crescere to grow. See Crescent, and cf.
Increase.] To grow less, -- opposed to
increase; to be diminished gradually, in size, degree,
number, duration, etc., or in strength, quality, or excellence;
as, they days decrease in length from June to
December.
He must increase, but I must decrease.
John iii. 30.
Syn. -- To Decrease, Diminish.
Things usually decrease or fall off by
degrees, and from within, or through some cause which is
imperceptible; as, the flood decreases; the cold
decreases; their affection has decreased.
Things commonly diminish by an influence from without,
or one which is apparent; as, the army was diminished by
disease; his property is diminishing through
extravagance; their affection has diminished since
their separation their separation. The turn of thought, however,
is often such that these words may be interchanged.
The olive leaf, which certainly them told
The flood decreased.
Drayton.
Crete's ample fields diminish to our eye;
Before the Boreal blasts the vessels fly.
Pope.
De*crease", v. t. To cause to grow less;
to diminish gradually; as, extravagance decreases
one's means.
That might decrease their present store.
Prior.
De*crease", n. [OE. decrees,
OF. decreis, fr. decreistre. See
Decrease, v.]
1. A becoming less; gradual diminution; decay;
as, a decrease of revenue or of strength.
2. The wane of the moon.
Bacon.
De*crease"less, a. Suffering no
decrease. [R.]
It [the river] flows and flows, and yet will flow,
Volume decreaseless to the final hour.
A. Seward.
De*creas"ing, a. Becoming less and less;
diminishing. -- De*creas"ing*ly,
adv.
Decreasing series (Math.), a series
in which each term is numerically smaller than the preceding
term.
De`cre*a"tion (?), n.
Destruction; -- opposed to creation.
[R.]
Cudworth.
De*cree" (?), n. [OE.
decre, F. d\'82cret, fr. L.
decretum, neut. decretus, p. p. of
decernere to decide; de- +
cernere to decide. See Certain, and cf.
Decreet, Decretal.]
1. An order from one having authority, deciding
what is to be done by a subordinate; also, a determination by one
having power, deciding what is to be done or to take place;
edict, law; authoritative ru// decision. \'bdThe
decrees of Venice.\'b8
Sh///.
There went out a decree from C\'91sar Augustus that
all the world should be taxed.
Luke ii. 1.
Poor hand, why quiverest thou at this decree?
Shak.
2. (Law) (a) A decision, order,
or sentence, given in a cause by a court of equity or
admiralty. (b) A determination or judgment of
an umpire on a case submitted to him.
Brande.
3. (Eccl.) An edict or law made by a
council for regulating any business within their jurisdiction;
as, the decrees of ecclesiastical
councils.
Syn. -- Law; regulation; edict; ordinance. See
Law.
De*cree" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Decreed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Decreeing.]
1. To determine judicially by authority, or by
decree; to constitute by edict; to appoint by decree or law; to
determine; to order; to ordain; as, a court decrees
a restoration of property.
Thou shalt also decree a thing, and it shall be
established unto thee.
Job xxii. 28.
2. To ordain by fate.
De*cree", v. i. To make decrees; -- used
absolutely.
Father eternal! thine is to decree;
Mine, both in heaven and earth to do thy will.
Milton.
De*cree"a*ble (?), a. Capable
of being decreed.
De*cre"er (?), n. One who
decrees.
J. Goodwin.
De*creet" (?), n. [Cf.
Decree.] (Scots Law) The final
judgment of the Court of Session, or of an inferior court, by
which the question at issue is decided.
Dec"re*ment (?), n. [L.
decrementum, fr. decrescere. See
Decrease.]
1. The state of becoming gradually less; decrease;
diminution; waste; loss.
Twit me with the decrements of my pendants.
Ford.
Rocks, mountains, and the other elevations of the earth suffer
a continual decrement.
Woodward.
2. The quantity lost by gradual diminution or
waste; -- opposed to increment.
3. (Crystallog.) A name given by Ha\'81y
to the successive diminution of the layers of molecules, applied
to the faces of the primitive form, by which he supposed the
secondary forms to be produced.
4. (Math.) The quantity by which a
variable is diminished.
Equal decrement of life. (a) The
decrease of life in a group of persons in which the assumed law
of mortality is such that of a given large number of persons, all
being now of the same age, an equal number shall die each
consecutive year. (b) The decrease of life in a
group of persons in which the assumed law of mortality is such
that the ratio of those dying in a year to those living through
the year is constant, being independent of the age of the
persons.
De*crep"it (?), a. [L.
decrepitus, perhaps orig., noised out, noiseless,
applied to old people, who creep about quietly; de- +
crepare to make a noise, rattle: cf. F.
d\'82cr\'82pit. See Crepitate.]
Broken down with age; wasted and enfeebled by the
infirmities of old age; feeble; worn out. \'bdBeggary or
decrepit age.\'b8
Milton.
Already decrepit with premature old age.
Motley.
decrepid.
De*crep"i*tate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Decrepitated;
p. pr. & vb. n. Decrepitating.]
[Cf. F. d\'82cr\'82piter.] To roast or
calcine so as to cause a crackling noise; as, to
decrepitate salt.
De*crep"i*tate, v. i. To crackle, as
salt in roasting.
De*crep`i*ta"tion (?), n. [Cf.
F. d\'82cr\'82pitation.] The act of
decrepitating; a crackling noise, such as salt makes when
roasting.
De*crep"it*ness (?), n.
Decrepitude. [R.]
Barrow.
De*crep"i*tude (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82cr\'82pitude.] The broken state
produced by decay and the infirmities of age; infirm old
age.
\'d8De`cres*cen"do (?), a. & adv.
[It.] (Mus.) With decreasing volume of
sound; -- a direction to performers, either written upon the
staff (abbreviated Dec., or Decresc.), or
indicated by the sign.
De*cres"cent (?), a. [L.
decrescens, p. pr. of decrescere. See
Decrease.] Becoming less by gradual
diminution; decreasing; as, a decrescent
moon.
De*cres"cent, n. (Her.) A
crescent with the horns directed towards the sinister.
Cussans.
De*cre"tal (?), a. [L.
decretalis, fr. decretum. See
Decree.] Appertaining to a decree; containing
a decree; as, a decretal epistle.
Ayliffe.
De*cre"tal, n. [LL.
decretale, neut. of L. decretalis. See
Decretal, a.]
1. (R. C. Ch.) An authoritative order or
decree; especially, a letter of the pope, determining some point
or question in ecclesiastical law. The decretals form the second
part of the canon law.
2. (Canon Law) The collection of
ecclesiastical decrees and decisions made, by order of Gregory
IX., in 1234, by St. Raymond of Pennafort.
De*crete" (?), n. [L.
decretum. See Decree.] A
decree. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
De*cre"tion (?), n. [From L.
decrescere, decretum. See
Decrease.] A decrease.
[Obs.]
Pearson.
De*cre"tist (?), n. [LL.
decretista, fr. decretum: cf. F.
d\'82cr\'82tiste. See Decree,
n.] One who studies, or professes the
knowledge of, the decretals.
De*cre"tive (?), a. [From L.
decretum. See Decree, n.]
Having the force of a decree; determining.
The will of God is either decretive or
perceptive.
Bates.
Dec`re*to"ri*al (?), a.
Decretory; authoritative.
Sir T. Browne.
Dec"re*to*ri*ly (?), adv. In a
decretory or definitive manner; by decree.
Dec"re*to*ry (?), a. [L.
decretorius, from decretum. See
Decree.]
1. Established by a decree; definitive;
settled.
The decretory rigors of a condemning sentence.
South.
2. Serving to determine; critical. \'bdThe
critical or decretory days.\'b8
Sir T. Browne.
<-- p. 379 -->
De*crew" (?), v. i. [F.
d\'82crue, n., decrease, and
d\'82cru, p. p. of d\'82cro\'8ctre. See
Decrease, and cf. Accrue.] To
decrease. [Obs.]
Spenser.
De*cri"al (?), n. [See
Decry.] A crying down; a clamorous censure;
condemnation by censure.
De*cri"er (?), n. One who
decries.
De*crown" (?), v. t. To deprive
of a crown; to discrown. [R.]
Hakewill.
De`crus*ta"tion (?), n. [Cf.
OF. d\'82crustation.] The removal of a
crust.
De*cry" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Decried
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Decrying.] [F. d\'82crier,
OF. descrier; pref. des- (L.
dis-) + crier to cry. See Cry, and
cf. Descry.] To cry down; to censure as
faulty, mean, or worthless; to clamor against; to blame
clamorously; to discredit; to disparage.
For small errors they whole plays decry.
Dryden.
Measures which are extolled by one half of the kingdom are
naturally decried by the other.
Addison.
Syn. -- To Decry, Depreciate,
Detract, Disparage.
Decry and depreciate refer to the
estimation of a thing, the former seeking to lower its value by
clamorous censure, the latter by representing it as of little
worth. Detract and disparage also refer to
merit or value, which the former assails with caviling,
insinuation, etc., while the latter willfully underrates and
seeks to degrade it. Men decry their rivals and
depreciate their measures. The envious
detract from the merit of a good action, and
disparage the motives of him who performs it.
Dec`u*ba"tion (?), n. [From L.
decubare; de- + cubare. See
Decumbent.] Act of lying down;
decumbence. [Obs.]
Evelyn.
\'d8De*cu"bi*tus (?), n. [NL.,
fr. L. de- + cubare, to lie down: cf. F.
d\'82cubitus.] (Med.) An
attitude assumed in lying down; as, the dorsal
decubitus.
Dec"u*man (?), a. [L.
decumanus of the tenth, and by metonymy, large, fr.
decem ten.] Large; chief; -- applied to an
extraordinary billow, supposed by some to be every tenth in
order. [R.] Also used substantively. \'bdSuch
decuman billows.\'b8 Gauden. \'bdThe baffled
decuman.\'b8
Lowell.
{ De*cum"bence (?), De*cum"ben*cy
(?), } n. The act or posture of
lying down.
The ancient manner of decumbency.
Sir T. Browne.
De*cum"bent (?), a. [L.
decumbens, -entis, p. pr. of
decumbere; de- + cumbere (only
in comp.), cubare to lie down.]
1. Lying down; prostrate; recumbent.
The decumbent portraiture of a woman.
Ashmole.
2. (Bot.) Reclining on the ground, as if
too weak to stand, and tending to rise at the summit or apex;
as, a decumbent stem.
Gray.
De*cum"bent*ly, adv. In a decumbent
posture.
De*cum"bi*ture (?; 135), n.
1. Confinement to a sick bed, or time of taking to
one's bed from sickness.
Boyle.
2. (Astrol.) Aspect of the heavens at
the time of taking to one's sick bed, by which the prognostics of
recovery or death were made.
Dec"u*ple (?), a. [F.
d\'82cuple, L. decuplus, fr.
decem ten.] Tenfold.
[R.]
Dec"u*ple, n. A number ten times
repeated. [R.]
Dec"u*ple, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Decupled (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Decupling (?).] To
make tenfold; to multiply by ten. [R.]
De*cu"ri*on (?), n. [L.
decurio, decurionis, fr. decuria
a squad of ten, fr. decem ten.] (Rom.
Antiq.) A head or chief over ten; especially, an
officer who commanded a division of ten soldiers.
De*cu"ri*on*ate (?), n. [L.
decurionatus, fr. decurio.] The
office of a decurion.
De*cur"rence (?), n. The act of
running down; a lapse. [R.]
Gauden.
De*cur"rent (?), a. [L.
decurrens, -entis, p. pr. of
decurrere to run down; de- +
currere to run: cf. F. d\'82current.]
(Bot.) Extending downward; -- said of a leaf
whose base extends downward and forms a wing along the
stem. -- De*cur"rent*ly,
adv.
De*cur"sion (?), n. [L.
decursio, fr. decurrere. See
Decurrent.] A flowing; also, a hostile
incursion. [Obs.]
Sir M. Hale.
De*cur"sive (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82cursif. See Decurrent.]
Running down; decurrent.
De*cur"sive*ly, adv. In a decursive
manner.
Decursively pinnate (Bot.), having
the leaflets decurrent, or running along the petiole; -- said of
a leaf.
De*curt" (?), v. t. [L.
decurtare; de- + curtare.]
To cut short; to curtail. [Obs.]
Bale.
De`cur*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
decurtatio.] Act of cutting short.
[Obs.]
Dec"u*ry (?), n.; pl.
Decuries (#). [L.
decuria, fr. decem ten.] A set
or squad of ten men under a decurion.
Sir W. Raleigh.
De*cus"sate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Decussated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Decussating.] [L.
decussatus, p. p. of decussare to cross
like an X, fr. decussis (orig. equiv. to decem
asses) the number ten, which the Romans represented by
X.] To cross at an acute angle; to cut or divide in
the form of X; to intersect; -- said of lines in geometrical
figures, rays of light, nerves, etc.
{ De*cus"sate (?), De*cus"sa*ted
(?), } a.
1. Crossed; intersected.
2. (Bot.) Growing in pairs, each of
which is at right angles to the next pair above or below; as,
decussated leaves or branches.
3. (Rhet.) Consisting of two rising and
two falling clauses, placed in alternate opposition to each
other; as, a decussated period.
De*cus"sate*ly (?), adv. In a
decussate manner.
De`cus*sa"tion (?), n. [L.
decussatio.] Act of crossing at an acute
angle, or state of being thus crossed; an intersection in the
form of an X; as, the decussation of lines, nerves,
etc.
De*cus"sa*tive (?), a.
Intersecting at acute angles.
Sir T. Browne.
De*cus"sa*tive*ly, adv. Crosswise; in
the form of an X. \'bdAnointed
decussatively.\'b8
Sir T. Browne.
De"cyl (?), n. [L.
decem ten + -yl.] (Chem.)
A hydrocarbon radical, C10H21, never
existing alone, but regarded as the characteristic constituent of
a number of compounds of the paraffin series.
De*cyl"ic (?), a. (Chem.)
Allied to, or containing, the radical decyl.
De*dal"ian (?), a. See
D\'91dalian.
Ded"a*lous (?), a. See
D\'91dalous.
\'d8De*dans" (?), n. [F.]
(Court Tennis) A division, at one end of a tennis
court, for spectators.
Dede (?), a. Dead.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
De*dec"o*rate (?), v. t. [L.
dedecoratus, p. p. of dedecorare to
disgrace. See Decorate.] To bring to shame;
to disgrace. [Obs.]
Bailey.
De*dec`o*ra"tion (?), n. [L.
dedecoratio.] Disgrace; dishonor.
[Obs.]
Bailey.
De*dec"o*rous (?), a. [L.
dedecorus. See Decorous.]
Disgraceful; unbecoming. [R.]
Bailey.
De`den*ti"tion (?), n. The
shedding of teeth. [R.]
Sir T. Browne.
Ded"i*cate (?), p. a. [L.
dedicatus, p. p. of dedicare to affirm, to
dedicate; de- + dicare to declare,
dedicate; akin to dicere to say. See
Diction.] Dedicated; set apart; devoted;
consecrated. \'bdDedicate to nothing
temporal.\'b8
Shak.
Syn. -- Devoted; consecrated; addicted.
Ded"i*cate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dedicated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Dedicating.]
1. To set apart and consecrate, as to a divinity,
or for sacred uses; to devote formally and solemnly; as, to
dedicate vessels, treasures, a temple, or a church, to a
religious use.
Vessels of silver, and vessels of gold, . . . which also king
David did dedicate unto the Lord.
2 Sam. viii. 10, 11.
We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as
a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that
that nation might live. . . . But in a larger sense we can not
dedicate, we can not consecrate, we can not hallow
this ground.
A. Lincoln.
2. To devote, set apart, or give up, as one's self,
to a duty or service.
The profession of a soldier, to which he had
dedicated himself.
Clarendon.
3. To inscribe or address, as to a patron.
He complied ten elegant books, and dedicated them
to the Lord Burghley.
Peacham.
Syn. -- See Addict.
Ded`i*ca*tee" (?), n. One to
whom a thing is dedicated; -- correlative to
dedicator.
Ded`i*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
dedicatio.]
1. The act of setting apart or consecrating to a
divine Being, or to a sacred use, often with religious
solemnities; solemn appropriation; as, the
dedication of Solomon's temple.
2. A devoting or setting aside for any particular
purpose; as, a dedication of lands to public
use.
3. An address to a patron or friend, prefixed to a
book, testifying respect, and often recommending the work to his
special protection and favor.
Ded"i*ca`tor (?), n. [L.: cf.
F. d\'82dicateur.] One who dedicates; more
especially, one who inscribes a book to the favor of a patron, or
to one whom he desires to compliment.
Ded`i*ca*to"ri*al (?), a.
Dedicatory.
Ded"i*ca*to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82dicatoire.] Constituting or serving as
a dedication; complimental. \'bdAn epistle
dedicatory.\'b8
Dryden.
Ded"i*ca*to*ry, n. Dedication.
[R.]
Milton.
\'d8Ded"i*mus (?), n. [L.
dedimus we have given, fr. dare to give. So
called because the writ began, Dedimus potestatem,
etc.] (Law) A writ to commission private
persons to do some act in place of a judge, as to examine a
witness, etc.
Bouvier.
De*di"tion (?), n. [L.
deditio, fr. dedere to give away,
surrender; de- + dare to give.]
The act of yielding; surrender. [R.]
Sir M. Hale.
Ded"o*lent (?), a. [L.
dedolens, p. pr. of dedolere to give over
grieving; de- + dolere to grieve.]
Feeling no compunction; apathetic. [R.]
Hallywell.
De*duce" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deduced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deducing.] [L. deducere;
de- + ducere to lead, draw. See
Duke, and cf. Deduct.]
1. To lead forth. [A Latinism]
He should hither deduce a colony.
Selden.
2. To take away; to deduct; to subtract; as, to
deduce a part from the whole.
[Obs.]
B. Jonson.
3. To derive or draw; to derive by logical process;
to obtain or arrive at as the result of reasoning; to gather, as
a truth or opinion, from what precedes or from premises; to
infer; -- with from or out of.
O goddess, say, shall I deduce my rhymes
From the dire nation in its early times?
Pope.
Reasoning is nothing but the faculty of deducing
unknown truths from principles already known.
Locke.
See what regard will be paid to the pedigree which
deduces your descent from kings and conquerors.
Sir W. Scott.
De*duce"ment (?), n. Inference;
deduction; thing deduced. [R.]
Dryden.
De*du`ci*bil"i*ty (?), n.
Deducibleness.
De*du"ci*ble (?), a.
1. Capable of being deduced or inferred; derivable
by reasoning, as a result or consequence.
All properties of a triangle depend on, and are
deducible from, the complex idea of three lines
including a space.
Locke.
2. Capable of being brought down.
[Obs.]
As if God [were] deducible to human imbecility.
State Trials (1649).
De*du"ci*ble*ness, n. The quality of
being deducible; deducibility.
De*du"ci*bly (?), adv. By
deduction.
De*du"cive (?), a. That
deduces; inferential.
De*duct" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deducted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Deducting.] [L.
deductus, p. p. of deducere to deduct. See
Deduce.]
1. To lead forth or out. [Obs.]
A people deducted out of the city of Philippos.
Udall.
2. To take away, separate, or remove, in numbering,
estimating, or calculating; to subtract; -- often with
from or out of.
Deduct what is but vanity, or dress.
Pope.
Two and a half per cent should be deducted out of
the pay of the foreign troops.
Bp. Burnet.
We deduct from the computation of our years that
part of our time which is spent in . . . infancy.
Norris.
3. To reduce; to diminish.
[Obs.] \'bdDo not deduct it to days.\'b8
Massinger.
De*duct"i*ble (?), a.
1. Capable of being deducted, taken away, or
withdrawn.
Not one found honestly deductible
From any use that pleased him.
Mrs. Browning.
2. Deducible; consequential.
De*duc"tion (?), n. [L.
deductio: cf. F. d\'82duction.]
1. Act or process of deducing or inferring.
The deduction of one language from another.
Johnson.
This process, by which from two statements we deduce a third,
is called deduction.
J. R. Seely.
2. Act of deducting or taking away; subtraction;
as, the deduction of the subtrahend from the
minuend.
3. That which is deduced or drawn from premises by
a process of reasoning; an inference; a conclusion.
Make fair deductions; see to what they mount.
Pope.
4. That which is deducted; the part taken away;
abatement; as, a deduction from the yearly
rent.
Syn. -- See Induction.
De*duct"ive (?), a. [Cf. L.
deductivus derivative.] Of or pertaining to
deduction; capable of being deduced from premises;
deducible.
All knowledge of causes is deductive.
Glanvill.
Notions and ideas . . . used in a deductive
process.
Whewell.
De*duct"ive*ly, adv. By deduction; by
way of inference; by consequence.
Sir T. Browne.
\'d8De*duc"tor (?), n. [L., a
guide. See Deduce.] (Zo\'94l.) The
pilot whale or blackfish.
De*duit" (?), n. [F.
d\'82duit. Cf. Deduct.] Delight;
pleasure. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
De*du`pli*ca"tion (?), n.
[Pref. de- + duplication.]
(Biol.) The division of that which is
morphologically one organ into two or more, as the division of an
organ of a plant into a pair or cluster.
Deed (?), a. Dead.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Deed, n. [AS. d/d; akin to
OS. d\'bed, D. & Dan. daad, G.
thai, Sw. d\'86d, Goth. d/ds;
fr. the root of do. See Do, v.
t.]
1. That which is done or effected by a responsible
agent; an act; an action; a thing done; -- a word of extensive
application, including, whatever is done, good or bad, great or
small.
And Joseph said to them, What deed is this which ye
have done?
Gen. xliv. 15.
We receive the due reward of our deeds.
Luke xxiii. 41.
Would serve his kind in deed and word.
Tennyson.
2. Illustrious act; achievement; exploit.
\'bdKnightly deeds.\'b8
Spenser.
Whose deeds some nobler poem shall adorn.
Dryden.
3. Power of action; agency; efficiency.
[Obs.]
To be, both will and deed, created free.
Milton.
4. Fact; reality; -- whence we have
indeed.
5. (Law) A sealed instrument in writing,
on paper or parchment, duly executed and delivered, containing
some transfer, bargain, or contract.
Blank deed, a printed form containing the
customary legal phraseology, with blank spaces for writing in
names, dates, boundaries, etc.
6. Performance; -- followed by of.
[Obs.]
Shak.
In deed, in fact; in truth; verily. See
Indeed.
Deed, v. t. To convey or transfer by
deed; as, he deeded all his estate to his eldest
son. [Colloq. U. S.]
Deed"ful (?), a. Full of deeds
or exploits; active; stirring. [R.] \'bdA
deedful life.\'b8
Tennyson.
Deed"less, a. Not performing, or not
having performed, deeds or exploits; inactive.
Deedless in his tongue.
Shak.
Deed" poll` (?). (Law) A deed
of one part, or executed by only one party, and distinguished
from an indenture by having the edge of the parchment or paper
cut even, or polled as it was anciently termed,
instead of being indented.
Burrill.
Deed"y (?), a. Industrious;
active. [R.]
Cowper.
Deem (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deemed (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Deeming.]
[OE. demen to judge, condemn, AS.
d/man, fr. d/m doom; akin to OFries.
d/ma, OS. ad/mian, D.
doemen, OHG. tuommen, Icel.
d\'91ma, Sw. d\'94mma, Dan.
d\'94mme, Goth. d/mjan. See
Doom, n., and cf. Doom,
v.]
1. To decide; to judge; to sentence; to
condemn. [Obs.]
Claudius . . . Was demed for to hang upon a
tree.
Chaucer.
2. To account; to esteem; to think; to judge; to
hold in opinion; to regard.
For never can I deem him less him less than
god.
Dryden.
Deem, v. i.
1. To be of opinion; to think; to estimate; to
opine; to suppose.
And deemest thou as those who pore,
With aged eyes, short way before?
Emerson.
2. To pass judgment. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Deem, n. Opinion; judgment.
[Obs.]
Shak.
<-- p. 380 -->
Deem"ster (?), n. [Deem +
-ster; i. e., doomster. Cf. Dempster.]
A judge in the Isle of Man who decides controversies without
process.
Cowell.
Deep (?), a.
[Compar. Deeper (?);
superl. Deepest (?).]
[OE. dep, deop, AS.
de\'a2p; akin to D. diep, G.
tief, Icel. dj/pr, Sw. diup,
Dan. dyb, Goth. diups; fr. the root of E.
dip, dive. See Dip,
Dive.]
1. Extending far below the surface; of great
perpendicular dimension (measured from the surface downward, and
distinguished from high, which is measured upward);
far to the bottom; having a certain depth; as, a
deep sea.
The water where the brook is deep.
Shak.
2. Extending far back from the front or outer part;
of great horizontal dimension (measured backward from the front
or nearer part, mouth, etc.); as, a deep cave or
recess or wound; a gallery ten seats deep; a company of
soldiers six files deep.
Shadowing squadrons deep.
Milton.
Safely in harbor
Is the king's ship in the deep nook.
Shak.
3. Low in situation; lying far below the general
surface; as, a deep valley.
4. Hard to penetrate or comprehend; profound; --
opposed to shallow or superficial;
intricate; mysterious; not obvious; obscure; as, a
deep subject or plot.
Speculations high or deep.
Milton.
A question deep almost as the mystery of life.
De Quincey.
O Lord, . . . thy thought are very deep.
Ps. xcii. 5.
5. Of penetrating or far-reaching intellect; not
superficial; thoroughly skilled; sagacious; cunning.
Deep clerks she dumbs.
Shak.
6. Profound; thorough; complete; unmixed; intense;
heavy; heartfelt; as, deep distress; deep
melancholy; deep horror. \'bdDeep
despair.\'b8 Milton. \'bdDeep silence.\'b8
Milton. \'bdDeep sleep.\'b8 Gen. ii.
21. \'bdDeeper darkness.\'b8 >Hoole.
\'bdTheir deep poverty.\'b8 2 Cor. viii. 2.
An attitude of deep respect.
Motley.
7. Strongly colored; dark; intense; not light or
thin; as, deep blue or crimson.
8. Of low tone; full-toned; not high or sharp;
grave; heavy. \'bdThe deep thunder.\'b8
Byron.
The bass of heaven's deep organ.
Milton.
9. Muddy; boggy; sandy; -- said of roads.
Chaucer.
The ways in that vale were very deep.
Clarendon.
A deep line of operations (Military),
a long line. -- Deep mourning
(Costume), mourning complete and strongly marked,
the garments being not only all black, but also composed of
lusterless materials and of such fashion as is identified with
mourning garments.
Deep, adv. To a great depth; with depth;
far down; profoundly; deeply.
Deep-versed in books, and shallow in himself.
Milton.
Drink deep, or taste not the Pierian spring.
Pope.
Deep, in its usual adverbial senses, is
often prefixed to an adjective; as, deep-chested,
deep-cut, deep-seated, deep-toned,
deep-voiced, \'bddeep-uddered kine.\'b8
Deep, n.
1. That which is deep, especially deep water, as
the sea or ocean; an abyss; a great depth.
Courage from the deeps of knowledge springs.
Cowley.
The hollow deep of hell resounded.
Milton.
Blue Neptune storms, the bellowing deeps
resound.
Pope.
2. That which is profound, not easily fathomed, or
incomprehensible; a moral or spiritual depth or abyss.
Thy judgments are a great.
Ps. xxxvi. 6.
Deep of night, the most quiet or profound part
of night; dead of night.
The deep of night is crept upon our talk.
Shak.
Deep"en (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deepened
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deepening.]
1. To make deep or deeper; to increase the depth
of; to sink lower; as, to deepen a well or a
channel.
It would . . . deepen the bed of the Tiber.
Addison.
2. To make darker or more intense; to darken;
as, the event deepened the prevailing
gloom.
You must deepen your colors.
Peacham.
3. To make more poignant or affecting; to increase
in degree; as, to deepen grief or sorrow.
4. To make more grave or low in tone; as, to
deepen the tones of an organ.
Deepens the murmur of the falling floods.
Pope.
Deep"en, v. i. To become deeper; as,
the water deepens at every cast of the lead; the plot
deepens.
His blood-red tresses deepening in the sun.
Byron.
Deep"-fet` (?), a. Deeply
fetched or drawn. [Obs.]
\'bdDeep-fet groans.\'b8
Shak.
Deep"-laid` (?), a. Laid
deeply; formed with cunning and sagacity; as,
deep-laid plans.
Deep"ly, adv.
1. At or to a great depth; far below the surface;
as, to sink deeply.
2. Profoundly; thoroughly; not superficially; in a
high degree; intensely; as, deeply skilled in
ethics.
He had deeply offended both his nobles and
people.
Bacon.
He sighed deeply in his spirit.
Mark viii. 12.
3. Very; with a tendency to darkness of
color.
The deeply red juice of buckthorn berries.
Boyle.
4. Gravely; with low or deep tone; as, a
deeply toned instrument.
5. With profound skill; with art or intricacy;
as, a deeply laid plot or intrigue.
Deep"-mouthed` (?), a. Having a
loud and sonorous voice. \'bdDeep-mouthed
dogs.\'b8
Dryden.
Deep"ness, n.
1. The state or quality of being deep, profound,
mysterious, secretive, etc.; depth; profundity; -- opposed to
shallowness.
Because they had no deepness of earth.
Matt. xiii. 5.
2. Craft; insidiousness. [R.]
J. Gregory.
Deep"-read` (?), a. Profoundly
book-learned. \'bdGreat writers and deep-read
men.\'b8
L'Estrange.
Deep"-sea` (?), a. Of or
pertaining to the deeper parts of the sea; as, a
deep-sea line (i. e., a line to take soundings
at a great depth); deep-sea lead; deep-sea
soundings, explorations, etc.
Deep"-waist`ed (?), a.
(Naut.) Having a deep waist, as when, in a ship,
the poop and forecastle are much elevated above the deck.
Deer (?), n. sing. & pl. [OE.
der, door, animal, wild animal, AS.
de\'a2r; akin to D. dier, OFries.
diar, G. thier, tier, Icel.
d/r, Dan. dyr, Sw. djur, Goth.
dius; of unknown origin. ///.]
1. Any animal; especially, a wild animal.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Mice and rats, and such small deer.
Shak.
The camel, that great deer.
Lindisfarne MS.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A ruminant of the genus
Cervus, of many species, and of related genera of the
family Cervid\'91. The males, and in some species the
females, have solid antlers, often much branched, which are shed
annually. Their flesh, for which they are hunted, is called
venison.
Cervus
elaphus, called also stag or red
deer; the fallow deer is C. dama; the common
American deer is C. Virginianus; the blacktailed deer
of Western North America is C. Columbianus; and the
mule deer of the same region is C. macrotis. See
Axis, Fallow deer, Mule deer,
Reindeer.
Deer is much used adjectively, or as the
first part of a compound; as, deerkiller,
deerslayer, deerslaying, deer
hunting, deer stealing, deerlike,
etc.
Deer mouse (Zo\'94l.), the
white-footed mouse (Hesperomys leucopus) of
America. -- Small deer, petty game, not worth
pursuing; -- used metaphorically. (See citation from Shakespeare
under the first definition, above.) \'bdMinor critics . . .
can find leisure for the chase of such small deer.\'b8
G. P. Marsh.
Deer"ber`ry (?), n.
(Bot.) A shrub of the blueberry group
(Vaccinium stamineum); also, its bitter, greenish
white berry; -- called also squaw
huckleberry.
Deer"grass` (?), n.
(Bot.) An American genus (Rhexia) of
perennial herbs, with opposite leaves, and showy flowers (usually
bright purple), with four petals and eight stamens, -- the only
genus of the order Melastomace\'91 inhabiting a
temperate clime.
Deer"hound` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) One of a large and fleet breed of
hounds used in hunting deer; a staghound.
Deer"let (?), n.
[Deer + -let.]
(Zo\'94l.) A chevrotain. See Kanchil,
and Napu.
Deer"-neck` (?), n. A deerlike,
or thin, ill-formed neck, as of a horse.
Deer"skin` (?), n. The skin of
a deer, or the leather which is made from it.
Hakluyt. Longfellow.
Deer"stalk`er (?), n. One who
practices deerstalking.
Deer"stalk`ing, n. The hunting of deer
on foot, by stealing upon them unawares.
Deer's"-tongue` (?), n.
(Bot.) A plant (Liatris odoratissima)
whose fleshy leaves give out a fragrance compared to
vanilla.
Wood.
Dees (?), n. pl. Dice.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dees, n. A dais.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
\'d8De*e"sis (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. / supplication.] (Rhet.) An
invocation of, or address to, the Supreme Being.
De"ess (?), n. [F.
d\'82esse, fem. of dieu god.] A
goddess. [Obs.]
Croft.
\'d8Deev (?), n. (Hind. & Pers.
Myth.) See Dev.
De*face" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Defaced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Defacing.] [OE. defacen to
disfigure, efface, OF. desfacier; L. dis- +
facies face. See Face, and cf.
Efface.]
1. To destroy or mar the face or external
appearance of; to disfigure; to injure, spoil, or mar, by
effacing or obliterating important features or portions of;
as, to deface a monument; to deface an
edifice; to deface writing; to deface a note,
deed, or bond; to deface a record. \'bdThis
high face defaced.\'b8
Emerson.
So by false learning is good sense defaced.
Pope.
2. [Cf. F. d\'82faire.] To
destroy; to make null. [Obs.]
[Profane scoffing] doth . . . deface the reverence
of religion.
Bacon.
For all his power was utterly defaste
[defaced].
Spenser.
Syn. -- See Efface.
De*face"ment (?), n.
1. The act of defacing, or the condition of being
defaced; injury to the surface or exterior; obliteration.
2. That which mars or disfigures.
Bacon.
De*fa"cer (?), n. One who, or
that which, defaces or disfigures.
\'d8De` fac"to (?). [L.]
Actually; in fact; in reality; as, a king de
facto, -- distinguished from a king de jure, or by
right.
De*fail" (?), v. t. [F.
d\'82faillir to fail; pref. d\'82- (L.
de) + faillir. See Fail, and cf.
Default.] To cause fail.
[Obs.]
De*fail"ance (?), n. [F.
d\'82faillance.] Failure;
miscarriage. [Obs.]
Possibility of defailance in degree or
continuance.
Comber.
De*fail"ure (?), n.
Failure. [Obs.]
Barrow.
De*fal"cate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Defalcated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Defalcating.] [LL.
defalcatus, p. p. of defalcare to deduct,
orig., to cut off with a sickle; L. de- +
falx, a sickle. See Falchion.] To
cut off; to take away or deduct a part of; -- used chiefly of
money, accounts, rents, income, etc.
To show what may be practicably and safely
defalcated from the [the estimates].
Burke.
De*fal"cate, v. i. To commit
defalcation; to embezzle money held in trust. \'bdSome
partner defalcating, or the like.\'b8
Carlyle.
De`fal*ca"tion (?), n. [LL.
defalcatio: cf. F. d\'82falcation.]
1. A lopping off; a diminution; abatement; deficit.
Specifically: Reduction of a claim by deducting a counterclaim;
set-off.
Abbott.
2. That which is lopped off, diminished, or
abated.
3. An abstraction of money, etc., by an officer or
agent/ having it in trust; an embezzlement.
Def"al*ca`tor (?), n. A
defaulter or embezzler. [Modern]
De*falk" (?), v. t. [F.
d\'82falquer. See Defalcate.] To
lop off; to bate. [Obs.]
B. Jonson.
Def`a*ma"tion (?), n. [OE.
diffamacioun, F. diffamation. See
Defame.] Act of injuring another's reputation
by any slanderous communication, written or oral; the wrong of
maliciously injuring the good name of another; slander;
detraction; calumny; aspersion.
libel, and oral defamation that of
slander.
Burrill.
De*fam"a*to*ry (?), a.
Containing defamation; injurious to reputation; calumnious;
slanderous; as, defamatory words;
defamatory writings.
De*fame" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Defamed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Defaming.] [OE. defamen,
diffamen, from F. diffamer, or OF. perh.
defamer, fr. L. diffamare (cf.
defamatus infamous); dis- (in this word
confused with de) + fama a report. See
Fame.]
1. To harm or destroy the good fame or reputation
of; to disgrace; especially, to speak evil of maliciously; to
dishonor by slanderous reports; to calumniate; to asperse.
2. To render infamous; to bring into
disrepute.
My guilt thy growing virtues did defame;
My blackness blotted thy unblemish'd name.
Dryden.
3. To charge; to accuse. [R.]
Rebecca is . . . defamed of sorcery practiced on
the person of a noble knight.
Sir W. Scott.
Syn. -- To asperse; slander; calumniate; vilify. See
Asperse.
De*fame", n. Dishonor.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
De*fam"er (?), n. One who
defames; a slanderer; a detractor; a calumniator.
De*fam"ing*ly, adv. In a defamatory
manner.
Def"a*mous (?), a.
Defamatory. [Obs.]
De*fat"i*ga*ble (?), a. [See
Defatigate.] Capable of being wearied or
tired out. [R.]
Glanvill.
De*fat"i*gate (?), v. t. [L.
defatigatus, p. p. of defatigare;
de- + fatigare to weary. See
Fatigue.] To weary or tire out; to
fatigue. [R.]
Sir T. Herbert.
De*fat`i*ga"tion (?), n. [L.
defatigatio.] Weariness; fatigue.
[R.]
Bacon.
De*fault" (?), n. [OE.
defaute, OF. defaute, defalte,
fem., F. d\'82faut, masc., LL. defalta, fr.
a verb meaning, to be deficient, to want, fail, fr. L.
de- + fallere to deceive. See
Fault.]
1. A failing or failure; omission of that which
ought to be done; neglect to do wha/duty or law requires;
as, this evil has happened through the governor's
default.
2. Fault; offense; ill deed; wrong act; failure in
virtue or wisdom.
And pardon craved for his so rash default.
Spenser.
Regardless of our merit or default.
Pope.
3. (Law) A neglect of, or failure to
take, some step necessary to secure the benefit of law, as a
failure to appear in court at a day assigned, especially of the
defendant in a suit when called to make answer; also of jurors,
witnesses, etc.
In default of, in case of failure or lack
of.
Cooks could make artificial birds and fishes in default
of the real ones.
Arbuthnot.
-- To suffer a default (Law), to permit
an action to be called without appearing to answer.
De*fault", v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Defaulted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Defaulting.]
1. To fail in duty; to offend.
That he gainst courtesy so foully did default.
Spenser.
2. To fail in fulfilling a contract, agreement, or
duty.
3. To fail to appear in court; to let a case go by
default.
De*fault", v. t.
1. To fail to perform or pay; to be guilty of
neglect of; to omit; as, to default a
dividend.
What they have defaulted towards him as no
king.
Milton.
2. (Law) To call a defendant or other
party whose duty it is to be present in court, and make entry of
his default, if he fails to appear; to enter a default
against.
3. To leave out of account; to omit.
[Obs.]
Defaulting unnecessary and partial discourses.
Hales.
De*fault"er (?), n.
1. One who makes default; one who fails to appear
in court when court when called.
2. One who fails to perform a duty; a delinquent;
particularly, one who fails to account for public money intrusted
to his care; a peculator; a defalcator.
De*fea"sance (?), n. [OF.
defesance, fr. defesant, F.
d\'82faisant, p. pr. of defaire, F.
d\'82faire, to undo. See Defeat.]
1. A defeat; an overthrow.
[Obs.]
After his foes' defeasance.
Spenser.
2. A rendering null or void.
3. (Law) A condition, relating to a
deed, which being performed, the deed is defeated or rendered
void; or a collateral deed, made at the same time with a
feoffment, or other conveyance, containing conditions, on the
performance of which the estate then created may be
defeated.
<-- p. 381 -->
De*fea"sanced (?), a.
(Law) Liable to defeasance; capable of being made
void or forfeited.
De*fea"si*ble (?), a. [See
Defeasance.] Capable of being annulled or
made void; as, a defeasible title. --
De*fea"si*ble*ness, n.
De*feat" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Defeated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Defeating.] [From F.
d\'82fait, OF. desfait, p. p. ofe
d\'82faire, OF. desfaire, to undo; L.
dis- + facere to do. See Feat,
Fact, and cf. Disfashion.]
1. To undo; to disfigure; to destroy.
[Obs.]
His unkindness may defeat my life.
Shak.
2. To render null and void, as a title; to
frustrate, as hope; to deprive, as of an estate.
He finds himself naturally to dread a superior Being that can
defeat all his designs, and disappoint all his
hopes.
Tillotson.
The escheators . . . defeated the right heir of his
succession.
Hallam.
In one instance he defeated his own purpose.
A. W. Ward.
3. To overcome or vanquish, as an army; to check,
disperse, or ruin by victory; to overthrow.
4. To resist with success; as, to
defeat an assault.
Sharp reasons to defeat the law.
Shak.
Syn. -- To baffle; disappoint; frustrate.
De*feat", n. [Cf. F.
d\'82faite, fr. d\'82faire. See
Defeat, v.]
1. An undoing or annulling; destruction.
[Obs.]
Upon whose property and most dear life
A damned defeat was made.
Shak.
2. Frustration by rendering null and void, or by
prevention of success; as, the defeat of a plan or
design.
3. An overthrow, as of an army in battle; loss of a
battle; repulse suffered; discomfiture; -- opposed to
victory.
De*fea"ture (?; 135), n. [OF.
desfaiture a killing, disguising, prop., an undoing.
See Defeat, and cf. Disfeature.]
1. Overthrow; defeat. [Obs.]
\'bdNothing but loss in their defeature.\'b8
Beau. & Fl.
2. Disfigurement; deformity.
[Obs.] \'bdStrange defeatures in my
face.\'b8
Shak.
De*fea"tured (?; 135), p. p.
Changed in features; deformed. [R.]
Features when defeatured in the . . . way I have
described.
De Quincey.
Def"e*cate (?), a. [L.
defaecatus, p. p. of defaecare to defecate;
de- + faex, faecis, dregs,
less.] Freed from anything that can pollute, as dregs,
lees, etc.; refined; purified.
Till the soul be defecate from the dregs of
sense.
Bates.
Def"e*cate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Defecated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Defecating.]
1. To clear from impurities, as lees, dregs, etc.;
to clarify; to purify; to refine.
To defecate the dark and muddy oil of amber.
Boyle.
2. To free from extraneous or polluting matter; to
clear; to purify, as from that which materializes.
We defecate the notion from materiality.
Glanvill.
Defecated from all the impurities of sense.
Bp. Warburton.
Def"e*cate (?), v. i.
1. To become clear, pure, or free.
Goldsmith.
2. To void excrement.
Def`e*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
defaecatio: cf. F. d\'82f\'82cation.]
1. The act of separating from impurities, as lees
or dregs; purification.
2. (Physiol.) The act or process of
voiding excrement.
Def"e*ca`tor (?), n. That which
cleanses or purifies; esp., an apparatus for removing the
feculencies of juices and sirups.
Knight.
De*fect" (?), n. [L.
defectus, fr. deficere,
defectum, to desert, fail, be wanting; de-
+ facere to make, do. See Fact,
Feat, and cf. Deficit.]
1. Want or absence of something necessary for
completeness or perfection; deficiency; -- opposed to
superfluity.
Errors have been corrected, and defects
supplied.
Davies.
2. Failing; fault; imperfection, whether physical
or moral; blemish; as, a defect in the ear or eye; a
defect in timber or iron; a defect of memory or
judgment.
Trust not yourself; but, your defects to know,
Make use of every friend -- any every foe.
Pope.
Among boys little tenderness is shown to personal
defects.
Macaulay.
Syn. -- Deficiency; imperfection; blemish. See
Fault.
De*fect", v. i. To fail; to become
deficient. [Obs.] \'bdDefected
honor.\'b8
Warner.
<-- 2. Abandon one country or faction, and join another. -->
De*fect", v. t. To injure; to
damage. \'bdNone can my life defect.\'b8
[R.]
Troubles of Q. Elizabeth (1639).
De*fect`i*bil"i*ty (?), n.
Deficiency; imperfection. [R.]
Ld. Digby. Jer. Taylor.
De*fect"i*ble (?), a. Liable to
defect; imperfect. [R.] \'bdA
defectible understanding.\'b8
Jer. Taylor.
De*fec"tion (?), n. [L.
defectio: cf. F. d\'82fection. See
Defect.] Act of abandoning a person or cause
to which one is bound by allegiance or duty, or to which one has
attached himself; desertion; failure in duty; a falling away;
apostasy; backsliding. \'bdDefection and falling
away from God.\'b8
Sir W. Raleigh.
The general defection of the whole realm.
Sir J. Davies.
De*fec"tion*ist, n. One who advocates or
encourages defection.
De*fec"tious (?), a. Having
defects; imperfect. [Obs.] \'bdSome one
defectious piece.\'b8
Sir P. Sidney.
De*fect"ive (?), a. [L.
defectivus: cf. F. d\'82fectif. See
Defect.]
1. Wanting in something; incomplete; lacking a
part; deficient; imperfect; faulty; -- applied either to natural
or moral qualities; as, a defective limb;
defective timber; a defective copy or account;
a defective character; defective
rules.
2. (Gram.) Lacking some of the usual
forms of declension or conjugation; as, a defective
noun or verb. -- De*fect"ive*ly,
adv. -- De*fect"ive*ness,
n.
De*fec`tu*os"i*ty (?; 135), n.
[Cf. F. d\'82fectuosit\'82.] Great
imperfection. [Obs.]
W. Montagu.
De*fec"tu*ous (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82fectueux.] Full of defects;
imperfect. [Obs.]
Barrow.
Def`e*da"tion (?), n. [L.
defoedare, defoedatum, to defile;
de- + foedare to foul, foedus
foul.] The act of making foul; pollution.
[Obs.]
De*fence" (?), n. & v. t. See
Defense.
De*fend" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Defended; p.
pr. & vb. n. Defending.] [F.
d\'82fendre, L. defendere; de- +
fendere (only in comp.) to strike; perh. akin to Gr.
/ to strike, and E. dint. Cf. Dint,
Defense, Fend.]
1. To ward or fend off; to drive back or away; to
repel. [A Latinism & Obs.]
Th' other strove for to defend
The force of Vulcan with his might and main.
Spenser.
2. To prohibit; to forbid.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Which God defend that I should wring from him.
Shak.
3. To repel danger or harm from; to protect; to
secure against; attack; to maintain against force or argument; to
uphold; to guard; as, to defend a town; to
defend a cause; to defend character; to
defend the absent; -- sometimes followed by
from or against; as, to defend
one's self from, or against, one's
enemies.
The lord mayor craves aid . . . to defend the
city.
Shak.
God defend the right!
Shak.
A village near it was defended by the river.
Clarendon.
4. (Law.) To deny the right of the
plaintiff in regard to (the suit, or the wrong charged); to
oppose or resist, as a claim at law; to contest, as a suit.
Burrill.
Syn. -- To Defend, Protect.
To defend is literally to ward off; to
protect is to cover so as to secure against
approaching danger. We defend those who are attacked;
we protect those who are liable to injury or invasion.
A fortress is defended by its guns, and
protected by its wall.
As birds flying, so will the Lord of hosts defend
Jerusalem; defending also he will deliver it.
Is. xxxi. 5.
Leave not the faithful side
That gave thee being, still shades thee and
protects.
Milton.
De*fend"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82fendable.] Capable of being defended;
defensible. [R.]
De*fend"ant (?), a. [F.
d\'82fendant, p. pr. of d\'82fendre. See
Defend.]
1. Serving, or suitable, for defense;
defensive. [Obs.]
With men of courage and with means defendant.
Shak.
2. Making defense.
De*fend"ant, n.
1. One who defends; a defender.
The rampiers and ditches which the defendants had
cast up.
Spotswood.
2. (Law) A person required to make
answer in an action or suit; -- opposed to
plaintiff.
Abbott.
De`fen*dee" (?), n. One who is
defended. [R. & Ludicrous]
De*fend"er (?), n. [Cf.
Fender.] One who defends; one who maintains,
supports, protects, or vindicates; a champion; an advocate; a
vindicator.
Provinces . . . left without their ancient and puissant
defenders.
Motley.
De*fend"ress (?), n. A female
defender. [R.]
Defendress of the faith.
Stow.
De*fen"sa*tive (?), n. [L.
defensare, defensatum, to defend
diligently, intens. of defendere. See
Defend.] That which serves to protect or
defend.
{ De*fense", De*fence" }
(?), n. [F. d\'82fense, OF.
defense, fem., defens, masc., fr. L.
defensa (cf. Fence.]
1. The act of defending, or the state of being
defended; protection, as from violence or danger.
In cases of defense 't is best to weigh
The enemy more mighty than he seems.
Shak.
2. That which defends or protects; anything
employed to oppose attack, ward off violence or danger, or
maintain security; a guard; a protection.
War would arise in defense of the right.
Tennyson.
God, the widow's champion and defense.
Shak.
3. Protecting plea; vindication;
justification.
Men, brethren, and fathers, hear ye my defense.
Acts xxii. 1.
4. (Law) The defendant's answer or plea;
an opposing or denial of the truth or validity of the plaintiff's
or prosecutor's case; the method of proceeding adopted by the
defendant to protect himself against the plaintiff's
action.
5. Act or skill in making defense; defensive plan
or policy; practice in self defense, as in fencing, boxing,
etc.
A man of great defense.
Spenser.
By how much defense is better than no skill.
Shak.
6. Prohibition; a prohibitory ordinance.
[Obs.]
Severe defenses . . . against wearing any linen
under a certain breadth.
Sir W. Temple.
De*fense", v. t. To furnish with
defenses; to fortify. [Obs.] [Written
also defence.]
Better manned and more strongly defensed.
Hales.
De*fense"less, a. Destitute of defense;
unprepared to resist attack; unable to oppose; unprotected.
-- De*fense"less*ly, adv. --
De*fense"less*ness, n.
De*fens"er (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82fenseur, L. defensor. Cf.
Defensor.] Defender.
[Obs.]
Foxe.
De*fen`si*bil"i*ty (?), n.
Capability of being defended.
De*fen"si*ble (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82fensable, LL. defensabilis,
defensibilis. See Defense, and cf.
Defendable.]
1. Capable of being defended; as, a
defensible city, or a defensible
cause.
2. Capable of offering defense.
[Obs.]
Shak.
De*fen"si*ble*ness (?), n.
Capability of being defended; defensibility.
Priestley.
De*fen"sive (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82fensif.]
1. Serving to defend or protect; proper for
defense; opposed to offensive; as,
defensive armor.
A moat defensive to a house.
Shak.
2. Carried on by resisting attack or aggression; --
opposed to offensive; as, defensive
war.
3. In a state or posture of defense.
Milton.
De*fen"sive, n. That which defends; a
safeguard.
Wars preventive, upon just fears, are true
defensive.
Bacon.
To be on the defensive, To stand on the
defensive, to be or stand in a state or posture
of defense or resistance, in opposition to aggression or
attack.
De*fen"sive*ly, adv. On the
defensive.
De*fen"sor (?), n. [L. See
Defenser.]
1. A defender.
Fabyan.
2. (Law) A defender or an advocate in
court; a guardian or protector.
3. (Eccl.) The patron of a church; an
officer having charge of the temporal affairs of a church.
De*fen"so*ry (?), a. [L.
defensorius.] Tending to defend; defensive;
as, defensory preparations.
De*fer" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deferred
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deferring.] [OE. differren,
F. diff\'82rer, fr. L. differre to delay,
bear different ways; dis- + ferre to bear.
See Bear to support, and cf. Differ,
Defer to offer.] To put off; to postpone to a
future time; to delay the execution of; to delay; to
withhold.
Defer the spoil of the city until night.
Shak.
God . . . will not long defer
To vindicate the glory of his name.
Milton.
De*fer", v. i. To put off; to delay to
act; to wait.
Pius was able to defer and temporize at
leisure.
J. A. Symonds.
De*fer", v. t. [F.
d\'82f\'82rer to pay deference, to yield, to bring
before a judge, fr. L. deferre to bring down;
de- + ferre to bear. See Bear to
support, and cf. Defer to delay, Delate.]
1. To render or offer. [Obs.]
Worship deferred to the Virgin.
Brevint.
2. To lay before; to submit in a respectful manner;
to refer; -- with to.
Hereupon the commissioners . . . deferred the
matter to the Earl of Northumberland.
Bacon.
De*fer", v. i. To yield deference to the
wishes of another; to submit to the opinion of another, or to
authority; -- with to.
The house, deferring to legal right,
acquiesced.
Bancroft.
Def"er*ence (?), n. [F.
d\'82f\'82rence. See 3d Defer.] A
yielding of judgment or preference from respect to the wishes or
opinion of another; submission in opinion; regard; respect;
complaisance.
Deference to the authority of thoughtful and
sagacious men.
Whewell.
Deference is the most complicate, the most
indirect, and the most elegant of all compliments.
Shenstone.
Syn. -- Deference, Reverence,
Respect. Deference marks an
inclination to yield one's opinion, and to acquiesce in the
sentiments of another in preference to one's own.
Respect marks the estimation that we have for another,
which makes us look to him as worthy of high confidence for the
qualities of his mind and heart. Reverence denotes a
mingling of fear with a high degree of respect and esteem. Age,
rank, dignity, and personal merit call for deference;
respect should be paid to the wise and good;
reverence is due to God, to the authors of our being,
and to the sanctity of the laws.
Def"er*ent (?), a. [L.
deferens, p. pr. of deferre. See 3d
Defer.] Serving to carry; bearing.
[R.] \'bdBodies deferent.\'b8
Bacon.
Def"er*ent, n.
1. That which carries or conveys.
Though air be the most favorable deferent of
sounds.
Bacon.
2. (Ptolemaic Astron.) An imaginary
circle surrounding the earth, in whose periphery either the
heavenly body or the center of the heavenly body's epicycle was
supposed to be carried round.
Def`er*en"tial (?), a. [See
Deference.] Expressing deference; accustomed
to defer.
Def`er*en"tial*ly, adv. With
deference.
De*fer"ment (?), n. [See 1st
Defer.] The act of delaying;
postponement. [R.]
My grief, joined with the instant business,
Begs a deferment.
Suckling.
De*fer"rer (?), n. One who
defers or puts off.
{ De`fer*ves"cence (?),
De`fer*ves"cency (?), } n.
[L. defervescere to grow cool.]
1. A subsiding from a state of ebullition; loss of
heat; lukewarmness.
A defervescency in holy actions.
Jer. Taylor.
2. (Med.) The subsidence of a febrile
process; as, the stage of defervescence in
pneumonia.
De*feu"dal*ize (?), v. t. To
deprive of the feudal character or form.
De*fi"ance (?), n. [OF.
defiance, desfiance, challenge, fr.
desfier to challenge, F. d\'82fier. See
Defy.]
1. The act of defying, putting in opposition, or
provoking to combat; a challenge; a provocation; a summons to
combat.
A war without a just defiance made.
Dryden.
Stood for her cause, and flung defiance down.
Tennyson.
2. A state of opposition; willingness to flight;
disposition to resist; contempt of opposition.
He breathed defiance to my ears.
Shak.
3. A casting aside; renunciation; rejection.
[Obs.] \'bdDefiance to thy kindness.\'b8
Ford.
To bid defiance, To set at
defiance, to defy; to disregard recklessly or
contemptuously.
Locke.
De*fi"ant (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82fiant, p. pr. of d\'82fier. See
Defy.] Full of defiance; bold; insolent;
as, a defiant spirit or act.
In attitude stern and defiant.
Longfellow.
-- De*fi"ant*ly, adv. --
De*fi"ant*ness, n.
<-- p. 382 -->
De*fi"a*to*ry (?), a. [See
Defy.] Bidding or manifesting defiance.
[Obs.]
Shelford.
De*fi"bri*nate (?), v. t. To
deprive of fibrin, as fresh blood or lymph by stirring with
twigs.
De*fi`bri*na"tion (?), n. The
act or process of depriving of fibrin.
De*fi"bri*nize (?), v. t. To
defibrinate.
De*fi"cience (?), n. Same as
Deficiency.
Thou in thyself art perfect, and in thee
Is no deficience found.
Milton.
De*fi"cien*cy (?), n.; pl.
Deficiencies (#). [See
Deficient.] The state of being deficient;
inadequacy; want; failure; imperfection; shortcoming;
defect. \'bdA deficiencyof blood.\'b8
Arbuthnot.
[Marlborough] was so miserably ignorant, that his
deficiencies made him the ridicule of his
contemporaries.
Buckle.
Deficiency of a curve (Geom.), the
amount by which the number of double points on a curve is short
of the maximum for curves of the same degree.
De*fi"cient (?), a. [L.
deficiens, -entis, p. pr. of
deficere to be wanting. See Defect.]
Wanting, to make up completeness; wanting, as regards a
requirement; not sufficient; inadequate; defective; imperfect;
incomplete; lacking; as, deficient parts;
deficient estate; deficient strength;
deficient in judgment.
The style was indeed deficient in ease and
variety.
Macaulay.
Deficient number. (Arith.) See
under Abundant.
-- De*fi"cient-ly,
adv.
Def"i*cit (?), n. [Lit.,
it is wanting, 3d person pres. indic. of L.
deficere, cf. F. d\'82ficit. See
Defect.] Deficiency in amount or quality; a
falling short; lack; as, a deficit in taxes,
revenue, etc.
Addison.
De*fi"er (?), n. [See
Defy.] One who dares and defies; a contemner;
as, a defier of the laws.
De*fig`u*ra"tion (?), n.
Disfiguration; mutilation. [Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
De*fig"ure (?), v. t. [Pref.
de- (intens.) + figure.] To
delineate. [Obs.]
These two stones as they are here defigured.
Weever.
De`fi*lade" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Defiladed; p.
pr. & vb. n. Defilading.] [Cf. F.
d\'82filer to defile, and d\'82filade act
of defiling. See 1st Defile.] (Mil.)
To raise, as a rampart, so as to shelter interior works
commanded from some higher point.
De`fi*lad"ing, n. (Mil.) The
art or act of determining the directions and heights of the lines
of rampart with reference to the protection of the interior from
exposure to an enemy's fire from any point within range, or from
any works which may be erected.
Farrow.
De*file" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Defiled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Defiling.] [F. d\'82filer;
pref. d\'82-, for des- (L. dis-)
+ file a row or line. See File a row.]
To march off in a line, file by file; to file off.
De*file", v. t. (Mil.) Same
as Defilade.
De*file" (?; 277), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82fil\'82, fr. d\'82filer to
defile.]
1. Any narrow passage or gorge in which troops can
march only in a file, or with a narrow front; a long, narrow pass
between hills, rocks, etc.
2. (Mil.) The act of defilading a
fortress, or of raising the exterior works in order to protect
the interior. See Defilade.
De*file" (?), v. t. [OE.
defoulen, -foilen, to tread down, OF.
defouler; de- + fouler to
trample (see Full, v. t.), and OE.
defoulen to foul (influenced in form by the older verb
defoilen). See File to defile, Foul,
Defoul.]
1. To make foul or impure; to make filthy; to
dirty; to befoul; to pollute.
They that touch pitch will be defiled.
Shak.
2. To soil or sully; to tarnish, as reputation; to
taint.
He is . . . among the greatest prelates of this age, however
his character may be defiled by . . . dirty hands.
Swift.
3. To injure in purity of character; to
corrupt.
Defile not yourselves with the idols of Egypt.
Ezek. xx. 7.
4. To corrupt the chastity of; to debauch; to
violate.
The husband murder'd and the wife defiled.
Prior.
5. To make ceremonially unclean; to pollute.
That which dieth of itself, or is torn with beasts, he shall
not eat to defile therewith.
Lev. xxii. 8.
De*file"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82filement. See Defile]
(Mil.) The protection of the interior walls of a
fortification from an enfilading fire, as by covering them, or by
a high parapet on the exposed side.
De*file"ment, n. [From 3d
Defile.] The act of defiling, or state of
being defiled, whether physically or morally; pollution;
foulness; dirtiness; uncleanness.
Defilements of the flesh.
Hopkins.
The chaste can not rake into such filth without danger of
defilement.
Addison.
De*fil"er (?), n. One who
defiles; one who corrupts or violates; that which pollutes.
De*fil`i*a"tion (?), n. [L.
de- + filius son.] Abstraction
of a child from its parents.
Lamb.
De*fin"a*ble (?), a. [From
Define.] Capable of being defined, limited,
or explained; determinable; describable by definition;
ascertainable; as, definable limits;
definable distinctions or regulations;
definable words. --
De*fin"a*bly, adv.
De*fine" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Defined
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Defining.] [OE. definer,
usually, to end, to finish, F. d\'82finir to define,
L. definire to limit, define; de- +
finire to limit, end, finis boundary,
limit, end. See Final, Finish.]
1. To fix the bounds of; to bring to a termination;
to end. \'bdTo define controversies.\'b8
Barrow.
2. To determine or clearly exhibit the boundaries
of; to mark the limits of; as, to define the extent
of a kingdom or country.
3. To determine with precision; to mark out with
distinctness; to ascertain or exhibit clearly; as, the
defining power of an optical instrument.
Rings . . . very distinct and well defined.
Sir I. Newton.
4. To determine the precise signification of; to
fix the meaning of; to describe accurately; to explain; to
expound or interpret; as, to define a word, a
phrase, or a scientific term.
They define virtue to be life ordered according to
nature.
Robynson (More's Utopia).
De*fine" (?), v. i. To
determine; to decide. [Obs.]
De*fine"ment (?), n. The act of
defining; definition; description. [Obs.]
Shak.
De*fin"er (?), n. One who
defines or explains.
Def"i*nite (?), a. [L.
definitis, p. p. of definire: cf. F.
d\'82fini. See Define.]
1. Having certain or distinct; determinate in
extent or greatness; limited; fixed; as, definite
dimensions; a definite measure; a definite
period or interval.
Elements combine in definite proportions.
Whewell.
2. Having certain limits in signification;
determinate; certain; precise; fixed; exact; clear; as, a
definite word, term, or expression.
3. Determined; resolved. [Obs.]
Shak.
4. Serving to define or restrict; limiting;
determining; as, the definite article.
Definite article (Gram.), the
article the, which is used to designate a particular
person or thing, or a particular class of persons or things; --
also called a definitive. See Definitive,
n. -- Definite inflorescence.
(Bot.) See Determinate inflorescence,
under Determinate. -- Law of definite
proportions (Chem.), the essential law of
chemical combination that every definite compound always contains
the same elements in the same proportions by weight; and, if two
or more elements form more than one compound with each other, the
relative proportions of each are fixed. Compare Law of
multiple proportions, under Multiple.
Def"i*nite, n. A thing defined or
determined. [Obs.]
Def"i*nite*ly, adv. In a definite
manner; with precision; precisely; determinately.
Def"i*nite*ness, n. The state of being
definite; determinateness; precision; certainty.
Def`i*ni"tion (?), n. [L.
definitio: cf. F. d\'82finition.]
1. The act of defining; determination of the
limits; as, the telescope accurate in
definition.
2. Act of ascertaining and explaining the
signification; a description of a thing by its properties; an
explanation of the meaning of a word or term; as, the
definition of \'bdcircle;\'b8 the definition of
\'bdwit;\'b8 an exact definition; a loose
definition.
Definition being nothing but making another
understand by words what the term defined stands for.
Locke.
3. Description; sort. [R.] \'bdA
new creature of another definition.\'b8
Jer. Taylor.
4. (Logic) An exact enunciation of the
constituents which make up the logical essence.
5. (Opt.) Distinctness or clearness, as
of an image formed by an optical instrument; precision in
detail.
Syn. -- Definition, Explanation,
Description. A definition is
designed to settle a thing in its compass and extent; an
explanation is intended to remove some obscurity or
misunderstanding, and is therefore more extended and minute; a
description enters into striking particulars with a
view to interest or impress by graphic effect. It is not
therefore true, though often said, that description is
only an extended definition. \'bdLogicians distinguish
definitions into essential and
accidental. An essential definition states
what are regarded as the constituent parts of the essence of that
which is to be defined; and an accidental definition
lays down what are regarded as circumstances belonging to it,
viz., properties or accidents, such as causes, effects,
etc.\'b8
Whately.
Def`i*ni"tion*al (?), a.
Relating to definition; of the nature of a definition;
employed in defining.
De*fin"i*tive (?), a. [L.
definitivus: cf. F. d\'82finitif.]
1. Determinate; positive; final; conclusive;
unconditional; express.
A strict and definitive truth.
Sir T. Browne.
Some definitive . . . scheme of reconciliation.
Prescott.
2. Limiting; determining; as, a
definitive word.
3. Determined; resolved. [Obs.]
Shak.
De*fin"i*tive, n. (Gram.) A
word used to define or limit the extent of the signification of a
common noun, such as the definite article, and some
pronouns.
Definitives . . . are commonly called by
grammarians articles. . . . They are of two kinds,
either those properly and strictly so called, or else pronominal
articles, such as this, that,
any, other, some,
all, no, none, etc.
Harris (Hermes).
De*fin"i*tive*ly, adv. In a definitive
manner.
De*fin"i*tive*ness, n. The quality of
being definitive.
De*fin"i*tude (?), n.
Definiteness. [R.]
Definitude . . . is a knowledge of minute
differences.
Sir W. Hamilton.
De*fix" (?), v. t. [L.
defixus, p. p. of defigere to fix;
de- + figere to fix.] To fix; to
fasten; to establish. [Obs.] \'bdTo
defix their princely seat . . . in that extreme
province.\'b8
Hakluyt.
Def`la*gra*bil"i*ty (?), n.
(Chem.) The state or quality of being
deflagrable.
The ready deflagrability . . . of saltpeter.
Boyle.
De*fla"gra*ble (?; 277), a.
[See Deflagrate.] (Chem.)
Burning with a sudden and sparkling combustion, as niter;
hence, slightly explosive; liable to snap and crackle when
heated, as salt.
Def"la*grate (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Deflagrated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Deflagrating.] [L.
deflagratus, p. p. of deflagrare to burn
up; de- + flagrare to flame, burn.]
(Chem.) To burn with a sudden and sparkling
combustion, as niter; also, to snap and crackle with slight
explosions when heated, as salt.
Def"la*grate, v. t. (Chem.)
To cause to burn with sudden and sparkling combustion, as by
the action of intense heat; to burn or vaporize suddenly; as,
to deflagrate refractory metals in the oxyhydrogen
flame.
Def`la*gra"tion (?), n. [L.
deflagratio: cf. F. d\'82flagration.]
1. A burning up; conflagration.
\'bdInnumerable deluges and deflagrations.\'b8
Bp. Pearson.
2. (Chem.) The act or process of
deflagrating.
Def"la*gra`tor (?), n.
(Chem.) A form of the voltaic battery having
large plates, used for producing rapid and powerful
combustion.
De*flate" (?), v. t. [Pref.
de- down + L. flare, flatus to
blow.] To reduce from an inflated condition.
De*flect" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deflected; p.
pr. & vb. n. Deflecting.] [L.
deflectere; de- + flectere to
bend or turn. See Flexible.] To cause to turn
aside; to bend; as, rays of light are often
deflected.
Sitting with their knees deflected under them.
Lord (1630).
De*flect", v. i. To turn aside; to
deviate from a right or a horizontal line, or from a proper
position, course or direction; to swerve.
At some part of the Azores, the needle deflecteth
not, but lieth in the true meridian.
Sir T. Browne.
To deflect from the line of truth and reason.
Warburton.
De*flect"a*ble (?), a. Capable
of being deflected.
De*flect"ed, a.
1. Turned aside; deviating from a direct line or
course.
2. Bent downward; deflexed.
De*flec"tion (?), n. [L.
deflexio, fr. deflectere: cf. F.
d\'82flexion.]
1. The act of turning aside, or state of being
turned aside; a turning from a right line or proper course; a
bending, esp. downward; deviation.
The other leads to the same point, through certain
deflections.
Lowth.
2. (Gunnery) The deviation of a shot or
ball from its true course.
3. (Opt.) A deviation of the rays of
light toward the surface of an opaque body; inflection;
diffraction.
4. (Engin.) The bending which a beam or
girder undergoes from its own weight or by reason of a
load.
De*flec`tion*i*za"tion (?), n.
The act of freeing from inflections.
Earle.
De*flec"tion*ize (?), v. t. To
free from inflections.
Deflectionized languages are said to be
analytic.
Earle.
De*flect"ive (?), a. Causing
deflection.
Deflective forces, forces that cause a body to
deviate from its course.
De*flect"or (?), n.
(Mech.) That which deflects, as a diaphragm in a
furnace, or a come in a lamp (to deflect and mingle air and gases
and help combustion).
De*flexed" (?), a. Bent
abruptly downward.
De*flex"ion (?), n. See
Deflection.
De*flex"ure (?), n. [From L.
deflectere, deflexum. See
Deflect.] A bending or turning aside;
deflection.
Bailey.
De*flo"rate (?), a. [LL.
defloratus, p. p. of deflorare. See
Deflour.] (Bot.) Past the
flowering state; having shed its pollen.
Gray.
Def`lo*ra"tion (?), n. [LL.
defloratio: cf. F. d\'82floration.]
1. The act of deflouring; as, the
defloration if a virgin.
Johnson.
2. That which is chosen as the flower or choicest
part; careful culling or selection. [R.]
The laws of Normandy are, in a great measure, the
defloration of the English laws.
Sir M. Hale.
De*flour" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Defloured
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deflouring.] [F.
d\'82florer, LL. deflorare; L.
de- + flos, floris, flower. See
Flower, and cf. Deflorate.]
1. To deprive of flowers.
2. To take away the prime beauty and grace of; to
rob of the choicest ornament.
He died innocent and before the sweetness of his soul was
defloured and ravished from him.
Jer. Taylor.
3. To deprive of virginity, as a woman; to violate;
to ravish; also, to seduce.
De*flour"er (?), n. One who
deflours; a ravisher.
De*flow" (?), v. i. [Pref.
de- + flow: cf. L.
defluere.] To flow down.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
De*flow"er (?), v. t. [Pref.
de- + flower.] Same as
Deflour.
An earthquake . . . deflowering the gardens.
W. Montagu.
If a man had deflowered a virgin.
Milton.
De*flow"er*er (?), n. See
Deflourer.
Milton.
Def"lu*ous (?), a. [L.
defluus, fr. defluere to flow down;
de- + fluere to flow.] Flowing
down; falling off. [Obs.]
Bailey.
De*flux" (?), n. [L.
defluxus, fr. defluere,
defluxum.] Downward flow.
[Obs.]
Bacon.
De*flux"ion (?), n. [L.
defluxio.] (Med.) A discharge or
flowing of humors or fluid matter, as from the nose in catarrh;
-- sometimes used synonymously with
inflammation.
Dunglison.
Def"ly (?), adv. Deftly.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
Def`\'d2*da"tion (?), n.
Defedation. [Obs.]
{ De*fo"li*ate (?),
De*fo"li*a`ted (?). } a.
Deprived of leaves, as by their natural fall.
De*fo`li*a"tion (?), n. [LL.
defoliare, defoliatum, to shed leaves; L.
de- + folium leaf: cf. F.
d\'82foliation.] The separation of ripened
leaves from a branch or stem; the falling or shedding of the
leaves.
De*force" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deforced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deforcing.] [OF. deforcier;
de- or des- (L. de or
dis-) + forcier, F. forcer. See
Force, v.] (Law)
(a) To keep from the rightful owner; to withhold
wrongfully the possession of, as of lands or a freehold.
(b) (Scots Law) To resist the execution
of the law; to oppose by force, as an officer in the execution of
his duty.
Burrill.
De*force"ment (?), n.
[OF.] (Law) (a) A keeping out
by force or wrong; a wrongful withholding, as of lands or
tenements, to which another has a right. (b)
(Scots Law) Resistance to an officer in the
execution of law.
Burrill.
De*force"or (?), n. Same as
Deforciant. [Obs.]
De*for"ciant (?), n. [OF.
deforciant, p. pr. of deforcier. See
Deforce.] (Eng. Law) (a)
One who keeps out of possession the rightful owner of an
estate. (b) One against whom a fictitious
action of fine was brought. [Obs.]
Burrill.
De*for`ci*a"tion (?), n.
(Law) Same as Deforcement,
n.
<-- p. 383 -->
De*for"est (?), v. t. To clear
of forests; to dis/orest.
U. S. Agric. Reports.
De*form" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deformed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deforming.] [L. deformare;
de- + formare to form, shape, fr.
forma: cf. F. d\'82former. See
Form.]
1. To spoil the form of; to mar in form; to
misshape; to disfigure.
Deformed, unfinished, sent before my time
Into this breathing world.
Shak.
2. To render displeasing; to deprive of comeliness,
grace, or perfection; to dishonor.
Above those passions that this world deform.
Thomson.
De*form", a. [L. deformis;
de- + forma form: cf. OF.
deforme, F. difforme. Cf.
Difform.] Deformed; misshapen; shapeless;
horrid. [Obs.]
Sight so deform what heart of rock could long
Dry-eyed behold?
Milton.
Def`or*ma"tion (?), n. [L.
deformatio: cf. F. d\'82formation.]
1. The act of deforming, or state of anything
deformed.
Bp. Hall.
2. Transformation; change of shape.
De*formed" (?), a. Unnatural or
distorted in form; having a deformity; misshapen; disfigured;
as, a deformed person; a deformed
head. -- De*form"ed*ly
(#), adv. -- De*form"ed*ness,
n.
De*form"er (?), n. One who
deforms.
De*form"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Deformities (#). [L.
deformitas, fr. deformis: cf. OF.
deformet\'82, deformit\'82, F.
difformit\'82. See Deform, v. &
a., and cf. Disformity.]
1. The state of being deformed; want of proper form
or symmetry; any unnatural form or shape; distortion;
irregularity of shape or features; ugliness.
To make an envious mountain on my back,
Where sits deformity to mock my body.
Shak.
2. Anything that destroys beauty, grace, or
propriety; irregularity; absurdity; gross deviation from other or
the established laws of propriety; as, deformity in
an edifice; deformity of character.
Confounded, that her Maker's eyes
Should look so near upon her foul deformities.
Milton.
De*fors"er (?), n. [From
Deforce.] [Written also
deforsor.] A deforciant.
[Obs.]
Blount.
De*foul" (?), v. t. [See
Defile, v. t.]
1. To tread down. [Obs.]
Wyclif.
2. To make foul; to defile.
[Obs.]
Wyclif.
De*fraud" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Defrauded; p.
pr. & vb. n. Defrauding.] [L.
defraudare; de- + fraudare to
cheat, fr. fraus, fraudis, fraud: cf. OF.
defrauder. See Fraud.] To deprive
of some right, interest, or property, by a deceitful device; to
withhold from wrongfully; to injure by embezzlement; to cheat; to
overreach; as, to defraud a servant, or a creditor,
or the state; -- with of before the thing taken
or withheld.
We have defrauded no man.
2 Cor. vii. 2.
Churches seem injured and defrauded of their
rights.
Hooker.
De`frau*da"tion (?), n. [L.
defraudatio: cf. F. d\'82fraudation.]
The act of defrauding; a taking by fraud.
[R.]
Sir T. Browne.
De*fraud"er (?), n. One who
defrauds; a cheat; an embezzler; a peculator.
De*fraud"ment (?), n. [Cf. OF.
defraudement.] Privation by fraud;
defrauding. [Obs.]
Milton.
De*fray" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Defrayed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Defraying.] [F. d\'82frayer;
pref. d\'82- (L. de or dis-) +
frais expense, fr. LL. fredum,
fridum, expense, fine by which an offender obtained
peace from his sovereign, or more likely, atoned for an offense
against the public peace, fr. OHG. fridu peace, G.
friede. See Affray.]
1. To pay or discharge; to serve in payment of; to
provide for, as a charge, debt, expenses, costs, etc.
For the discharge of his expenses, and defraying
his cost, he allowed him . . . four times as much.
Usher.
2. To avert or appease, as by paying off; to
satisfy; as, to defray wrath.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
De*fray"al (?), n. The act of
defraying; payment; as, the defrayal of necessary
costs.
De*fray"er (?), n. One who pays
off expenses.
De*fray"ment (?), n. Payment of
charges.
Deft (?), a. [OE.
daft, deft, becoming, mild, gentle, stupid
(cf. OE. daffe, deffe, fool, coward), AS.
d\'91ft (in derivatives only) mild, gentle, fitting,
seasonable; akin to dafen, gedafen,
becoming, fit, Goth. gadaban to be fit. Cf.
Daft, Daff, Dapper.] Apt;
fit; dexterous; clever; handy; spruce; neat. [Archaic or
Poetic] \'bdThe deftest way.\'b8
Shak. \'bdDeftest feats.\'b8
Gay.
The limping god, do deft at his new ministry.
Dryden.
Let me be deft and debonair.
Byron.
Deft"ly, adv. [Cf.
Defly.] Aptly; fitly; dexterously;
neatly. \'bdDeftly dancing.\'b8
Drayton.
Thyself and office deftly show.
Shak.
Deft"ness, n. The quality of being
deft.
Drayton.
De*funct" (?). a. [L.
defunctus, p. p. of defungi to acquit one's
self of, to perform, finish, depart, die; de +
fungi to perform, discharge: cf. F.
d\'82funt. See Function.] Having
finished the course of life; dead; deceased.
\'bdDefunct organs.\'b8
Shak.
The boar, defunct, lay tripped up, near.
Byron.
De*funct", n. A dead person; one
deceased.
De*func"tion (?), n. [L.
defunctio performance, death.] Death.
[Obs.]
After defunction of King Pharamond.
Shak.
De*func"tive (?), a.
Funereal. [Obs.]
\'bdDefunctive music.\'b8
Shak.
De*fuse" (?), v. t. [Cf.
Diffuse.] To disorder; to make
shapeless. [Obs.]
Shak.
De*fy" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Defied (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Defying.]
[F. d\'82fier, OF. deffier,
desfier, LL. disfidare to disown faith or
fidelity, to dissolve the bond of allegiance, as between the
vassal and his lord; hence, to challenge, defy; fr. L.
dis- + fides faith. See Faith, and
cf. Diffident, Affiance.]
1. To renounce or dissolve all bonds of affiance,
faith, or obligation with; to reject, refuse, or renounce.
[Obs.]
I defy the surety and the bond.
Chaucer.
For thee I have defied my constant mistress.
Beau. & Fl.
2. To provoke to combat or strife; to call out to
combat; to challenge; to dare; to brave; to set at defiance; to
treat with contempt; as, to defy an enemy; to
defy the power of a magistrate; to defy the
arguments of an opponent; to defy public
opinion.
I once again
Defy thee to the trial of mortal fight.
Milton.
I defy the enemies of our constitution to show the
contrary.
Burke.
De*fy" (?), n. A
challenge. [Obs.]
Dryden.
De*gar"nish (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Degarnished
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Degarnishing.] [F.
d\'82garnir; pref. d\'82-, des-
(L. dis-) + garnir to furnish. See
Garnish, and cf. Disgarnish.]
1. To strip or deprive of entirely, as of
furniture, ornaments, etc.; to disgarnish; as, to
degarnish a house, etc. [R.]
2. To deprive of a garrison, or of troops necessary
for defense; as, to degarnish a city or
fort. [R.]
Washington.
De*gar"nish*ment (?), n. The
act of depriving, as of furniture, apparatus, or a
garrison. [R.]
{ De*gen"der (?), De*gen"er
(?), } v. i. [See
Degenerate.] To degenerate.
[Obs.] \'bdDegendering to hate.\'b8
Spenser.
He degenereth into beastliness.
Joye.
De*gen"er*a*cy (?), n. [From
Degenerate, a.]
1. The act of becoming degenerate; a growing
worse.
Willful degeneracy from goodness.
Tillotson.
2. The state of having become degenerate; decline
in good qualities; deterioration; meanness.
Degeneracy of spirit in a state of slavery.
Addison.
To recover mankind out of their universal corruption and
degeneracy.
S. Clarke.
De*gen"er*ate (?), a. [L.
degeneratus, p. p. of degenerare to
degenerate, cause to degenerate, fr. degener base,
degenerate, that departs from its race or kind; de- +
genus race, kind. See Kin
relationship.] Having become worse than one's kind, or
one's former state; having declined in worth; having lost in
goodness; deteriorated; degraded; unworthy; base; low.
Faint-hearted and degenerate king.
Shak.
A degenerate and degraded state.
Milton.
Degenerate from their ancient blood.
Swift.
These degenerate days.
Pope.
I had planted thee a noble vine . . . : how then art thou
turned into the degenerate plant of a strange vine
unto me?
Jer. ii. 21.
De*gen"er*ate (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Degenerated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Degenerating.]
1. To be or grow worse than one's kind, or than one
was originally; hence, to be inferior; to grow poorer, meaner, or
more vicious; to decline in good qualities; to deteriorate.
When wit transgresseth decency, it degenerates into
insolence and impiety.
Tillotson.
2. (Biol.) To fall off from the normal
quality or the healthy structure of its kind; to become of a
lower type.
De*gen"er*ate*ly (?), adv. In a
degenerate manner; unworthily.
De*gen"er*ate*ness, n. Degeneracy.
De*gen`er*a"tion (?), n. [Cf.
F. d\'82g\'82n\'82ration.]
1. The act or state of growing worse, or the state
of having become worse; decline; degradation; debasement;
degeneracy; deterioration.
Our degeneration and apostasy.
Bates.
2. (Physiol.) That condition of a tissue
or an organ in which its vitality has become either diminished or
perverted; a substitution of a lower for a higher form of
structure; as, fatty degeneration of the
liver.
3. (Biol.) A gradual deterioration, from
natural causes, of any class of animals or plants or any
particular or organs; hereditary degradation of type.
4. The thing degenerated. [R.]
Cockle, aracus, . . . and other degenerations.
Sir T. Browne.
Amyloid degeneration, Caseous
degeneration, etc. See under Amyloid,
Caseous, etc.
De*gen`er*a"tion*ist, n. (Biol.)
A believer in the theory of degeneration, or hereditary
degradation of type; as, the degenerationists hold
that savagery is the result of degeneration from a superior
state.
De*gen"er*a*tive (?), a.
Undergoing or producing degeneration; tending to
degenerate.
De*gen"er*ous (?), a. [L.
degener. See Degenerate.]
Degenerate; base. [Obs.]
\'bdDegenerous passions.\'b8 Dryden.
\'bdDegenerous practices.\'b8
South.
De*gen"er*ous*ly, adv. Basely.
[Obs.]
De*glaz"ing (?), n. The process
of giving a dull or ground surface to glass by acid or by
mechanical means.
Knight.
De*glo"ried (?), a. Deprived of
glory; dishonored. [Obs.] \'bdWith thorns
degloried.\'b8
G. Fletcher.
De*glu"ti*nate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deglutinated;
p. pr. & vb. n. Deglutinating.]
[L. deglutinatus, p. p. of deglutinare
to deglutinate; de- + glutinare to glue,
gluten glue.] To loosen or separate by
dissolving the glue which unties; to unglue.
De*glu`ti*na"tion (?), n. The
act of ungluing.
Deg`lu*ti"tion (?), n. [L.
deglutire to swallow down; de- +
glutire to swallow: cf. F. d\'82glutition.
See Glut.] The act or process of swallowing
food; the power of swallowing.
The muscles employed in the act of deglutition.
Paley.
Deg`lu*ti"tious (?), a.
Pertaining to deglutition. [R.]
De*glu"ti*to*ry (?), a. Serving
for, or aiding in, deglutition.
Deg`ra*da"tion (?), n. [LL.
degradatio, from degradare: cf. F.
d\'82gradation. See Degrade.]
1. The act of reducing in rank, character, or
reputation, or of abasing; a lowering from one's standing or rank
in office or society; diminution; as, the
degradation of a peer, a knight, a general, or a
bishop.
He saw many removes and degradations in all the
other offices of which he had been possessed.
Clarendon.
2. The state of being reduced in rank, character,
or reputation; baseness; moral, physical, or intellectual
degeneracy; disgrace; abasement; debasement.
The . . . degradation of a needy man of
letters.
Macaulay.
Deplorable is the degradation of our nature.
South.
Moments there frequently must be, when a si//er is
sensible of the degradation of his state.
Blair.
3. Diminution or reduction of strength, efficacy,
or value; degeneration; deterioration.
The development and degradation of the alphabetic
forms can be traced.
I. Taylor (The Alphabet).
4. (Geol.) A gradual wearing down or
wasting, as of rocks and banks, by the action of water, fro//
etc.
5. (Biol.) The state or condition of a
species or group which exhibits degraded forms;
degeneration.
The degradation of the species man is observed in
some of its varieties.
Dana.
6. (Physiol.) Arrest of development, or
degeneration of any organ, or of the body as a whole.
Degradation of energy, Dissipation
of energy (Physics), the
transformation of energy into some form in which it is less
available for doing work.
Syn. -- Abasement; debasement; reduction; decline.
De*grade" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Degraded; p.
pr. & vb. n. Degrading.] [F.
d\'82grader, LL. degradare, fr. L.
de- + gradus step, degree. See
Grade, and cf. Degree.]
1. To reduce from a higher to a lower rank or
degree; to lower in rank' to deprive of office or dignity; to
strip of honors; as, to degrade a nobleman, or a
general officer.
Prynne was sentenced by the Star Chamber Court to be
degraded from the bar.
Palfrey.
2. To reduce in estimation, character, or
reputation; to lessen the value of; to lower the physical, moral,
or intellectual character of; to debase; to bring shame or
contempt upon; to disgrace; as, vice degrades a
man.
O miserable mankind, to what fall
Degraded, to what wretched state reserved!
Milton.
He pride . . . struggled hard against this
degrading passion.
Macaulay.
3. (Geol.) To reduce in altitude or
magnitude, as hills and mountains; to wear down.
Syn. -- To abase; demean; lower; reduce. See
Abase.
De*grade", v. i. (Biol.) To
degenerate; to pass from a higher to a lower type of structure;
as, a family of plants or animals degrades through
this or that genus or group of genera.
De*grad"ed (?), a.
1. Reduced in rank, character, or reputation;
debased; sunken; low; base.
The Netherlands . . . were reduced practically to a very
degraded condition.
Motley.
2. (Biol.) Having the typical characters
or organs in a partially developed condition, or lacking certain
parts.
Some families of plants are degraded
dicotyledons.
Dana.
3. [Cf. F. degr\'82 step.]
(Her.) Having steps; -- said of a cross each of
whose extremities finishes in steps growing larger as they leave
the center; -- termed also on degrees.
De*grade"ment (?), n.
Deprivation of rank or office; degradation.
[R.]
Milton.
De*grad"ing*ly, adv. In a degrading
manner.
Deg`ra*va"tion (?), n. [L.
degravare, degravatum, to make heavy. See
Grave, a.] The act of making
heavy. [Obs.]
Bailey.
De*gree" (?), n. [F.
degr\'82, OF. degret, fr. LL.
degradare. See Degrade.]
1. A step, stair, or staircase.
[Obs.]
By ladders, or else by degree.
Rom. of R.
2. One of a series of progressive steps upward or
downward, in quality, rank, acquirement, and the like; a stage in
progression; grade; gradation; as, degrees of vice
and virtue; to advance by slow degrees; degree
of comparison.
3. The point or step of progression to which a
person has arrived; rank or station in life; position.
\'bdA dame of high degree.\'b8 Dryden. \'bdA
knight is your degree.\'b8 Shak. \'bdLord or
lady of high degree.\'b8
Lowell.
4. Measure of advancement; quality; extent; as,
tastes differ in kind as well as in degree.
The degree of excellence which proclaims genius, is
different in different times and different places.
Sir. J. Reynolds.
5. Grade or rank to which scholars are admitted by
a college or university, in recognition of their attainments;
as, the degree of bachelor of arts, master, doctor,
etc.
bachelor of arts (B. A. or A. B.);
the second that of master of arts (M. A. or A. M.).
The degree of bachelor (of arts,
science, divinity, law, etc.) is
conferred upon those who complete a prescribed course of
undergraduate study. The first degree in medicine is that of
doctor of medicine (M. D.). The degrees of
master and doctor are sometimes conferred,
in course, upon those who have completed certain prescribed
postgraduate studies, as doctor of philosophy (Ph.
D.); but more frequently the degree of doctor is
conferred as a complimentary recognition of eminent services in
science or letters, or for public services or distinction (as
doctor of laws (LL. D.) or doctor of
divinity (D. D.), when they are called honorary
degrees.
<-- by 1960 the Ph. D. was more common than the honorary degree.
-->
The youth attained his bachelor's degree, and left
the university.
Macaulay.
5. (Genealogy) A certain distance or
remove in the line of descent, determining the proximity of
blood; one remove in the chain of relationship; as, a
relation in the third or fourth degree.
In the 11th century an opinion began to gain ground in Italy,
that third cousins might marry, being in the seventh
degree according to the civil law.
Hallam.
<-- p. 384 -->
7. (Arith.) Three figures taken together
in numeration; thus, 140 is one degree, 222,140 two
degrees.
8. (Algebra) State as indicated by sum
of exponents; more particularly, the degree of a term is
indicated by the sum of the exponents of its literal factors;
thus, a2b2c is a term of
the sixth degree. The degree of a power, or
radical, is denoted by its index, that of an equation by the
greatest sum of the exponents of the unknown quantities in any
term; thus, ax4 + bx2 = c,
and mx2y2 + nyx = p, are
both equations of the fourth degree.
9. (Trig.) A 360th part of the
circumference of a circle, which part is taken as the principal
unit of measure for arcs and angles. The degree is divided into
60 minutes and the minute into 60 seconds.
10. A division, space, or interval, marked on a
mathematical or other instrument, as on a thermometer.
11. (Mus.) A line or space of the
staff.
added
degrees.
Accumulation of degrees. (Eng. Univ.)
See under Accumulation. -- By
degrees, step by step; by little and little; by
moderate advances. \'bdI 'll leave by
degrees.\'b8 Shak. -- Degree of a curve (Geom.), the number which expresses
the degree of the equation of the curve or surface in rectilinear
co\'94rdinates. A straight line will, in general, meet the curve
or surface in a number of points equal to the degree of the curve
or surface and no more. -- Degree of latitude
(Geog.), on the earth, the distance on a meridian
between two parallels of latitude whose latitudes differ from
each other by one degree. This distance is not the same on
different parts of a meridian, on account of the flattened figure
of the earth, being 68.702 statute miles at the equator, and
69.396 at the poles. -- Degree of longitude,
the distance on a parallel of latitude between two meridians
that make an angle of one degree with each other at the poles --
a distance which varies as the cosine of the latitude, being at
the equator 69.16 statute miles. -- To a degree,
to an extreme; exceedingly; as, mendacious to a
degree.
It has been said that Scotsmen . . . are . . . grave to a
degree on occasions when races more favored by nature are
gladsome to excess.
Prof. Wilson.
\'d8De"gu (?), n. [Native
name.] (Zo\'94l.) A small South American
rodent (Octodon Cumingii), of the family
Octodontid\'91.
De*gust" (?), v. t. [L.
degustare: cf. F. d\'82guster. See
Gust to taste.] To taste.
[Obs.]
Cockeram.
Deg`us*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
degustatio: cf. F. d\'82gustation.]
(Physiol.) Tasting; the appreciation of sapid
qualities by the taste organs.
Bp. Hall.
De*hisce" (?), v. i. [L.
dehiscere; de- + hiscere to
gape.] To gape; to open by dehiscence.
De*his"cence (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82hiscence.]
1. The act of gaping.
2. (Biol.) A gaping or bursting open
along a definite line of attachment or suture, without tearing,
as in the opening of pods, or the bursting of capsules at
maturity so as to emit seeds, etc.; also, the bursting open of
follicles, as in the ovaries of animals, for the expulsion of
their contents.
De*his"cent (?), a. [L.
dehiscens, -entis, p. pr. Cf. F.
d\'82hiscent.] Characterized by dehiscence;
opening in some definite way, as the capsule of a plant.
De`ho*nes"tate (?), v. t. [L.
dehonestatus, p. p. of dehonestare to
dishonor; de- + honestare to make
honorable. Cf. Dishonest, and see
Honest.] To disparage.
[Obs.]
De*hon`es*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
dehonestatio.] A dishonoring;
disgracing. [Obs.]
Gauden.
De*horn" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dehorned
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dehorning.] To deprive of horns; to
prevent the growth or the horns of (cattle) by burning their ends
soon after they start. See Dishorn.
\'bdDehorning cattle.\'b8
Farm Journal (1886).
\'d8De*hors" (?), prep. [F.,
outside.] (Law) Out of; without; foreign
to; out of the agreement, record, will, or other
instrument.
\'d8De*hors", n. (Mil.) All
sorts of outworks in general, at a distance from the main works;
any advanced works for protection or cover.
Farrow.
De*hort" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dehorted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Dehorting.] [L.
dehortari; de- + hortari to
urge, exhort.] To urge to abstain or refrain; to
dissuade. [Obs.]
The apostles vehemently dehort us from
unbelief.
Bp. Ward.
\'bdExhort\'b8 remains, but dehort, a word whose
place neither \'bddissuade\'b8 nor any other exactly supplies,
has escaped us.
Trench.
De`hor*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
dehortatio.] Dissuasion; advice against
something. [R.]
De*hort"a*tive (?), a.
Dissuasive. [R.]
De*hort"a*to*ry (?), a. [L.
dehortatorius.] Fitted or designed to
dehort or dissuade.
Bp. Hall.
De*hort"er (?), n. A dissuader;
an adviser to the contrary. [Obs.]
De*hu"man*ize (?), v. t. To
divest of human qualities, such as pity, tenderness, etc.;
as, dehumanizing influences.
De*husk" (?), v. t. To remove
the husk from. [Obs.] \'bdWheat
dehusked upon the floor.\'b8
Drant.
De*hy"drate (?), v. t.
(Chem.) To deprive of water; to render free from
water; as, to dehydrate alcohol.
De`hy*dra"tion (?), n.
(Chem.) The act or process of freeing from water;
also, the condition of a body from which the water has been
removed.
De*hy"dro*gen*ate (?), v. t.
(Chem.) To deprive of, or free from,
hydrogen.
De*hy`dro*gen*a"tion (?), n.
(Chem.) The act or process or freeing from
hydrogen; also, the condition resulting from the removal of
hydrogen.
De"i*cide (?), n. [L.
deicida a deicide (in sense 2); deus god +
c\'91dere to cut, kill: cf. F.
d\'82icide.]
1. The act of killing a being of a divine nature;
particularly, the putting to death of Jesus Christ.
[R.]
Earth profaned, yet blessed, with deicide.
Prior.
2. One concerned in putting Christ to death.
Deic"tic (?), a. [Gr. /
serving to show or point out, fr. / to show.]
(Logic) Direct; proving directly; -- applied to
reasoning, and opposed to elenchtic or
refutative.
Deic"tic*al*ly (?), adv. In a
manner to show or point out; directly; absolutely;
definitely.
When Christ spake it deictically.
Hammond.
{ De*if"ic (?), De*if"ic*al
(?), } a. [L. deificus;
deus god + facere to make: cf. F.
d\'82ifigue.] Making divine; producing a
likeness to God; god-making. \'bdA deifical
communion.\'b8
Homilies.
De`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [LL.
deificare to deify: cf. F. d\'82ification.
See Deify.] The act of deifying; exaltation
to divine honors; apotheosis; excessive praise.
De"i*fied (?), a. Honored or
worshiped as a deity; treated with supreme regard; godlike.
De"i*fi`er (?), n. One who
deifies.
De"i*form (?), a. [L.
deus a god + -form.]
1. Godlike, or of a godlike form.
Dr. H. More.
2. Conformable to the will of God.
[R.]
Bp. Burnet.
De`i*for"mi*ty (?), n. Likeness
to deity. [Obs.]
De"i*fy (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deified
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deifying.] [F. d\'82ifier,
LL. deificare, fr. L. deificus. See
Deific, Deity, -fy.]
1. To make a god of; to exalt to the rank of a
deity; to enroll among the deities; to apotheosize; as,
Julius C\'91sar was deified.
2. To praise or revere as a deity; to treat as an
object of supreme regard; as, to deify
money.
He did again to extol and deify the pope.
Bacon.
3. To render godlike.
By our own spirits are we deified.
Wordsworth.
Deign (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deigned
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deigning.] [OE. deinen,
deignen, OF. degner, deigner,
daigner, F. daigner, fr. L.
dignari to deem worthy, deign, fr. dignus
worthy; akin to decere to be fitting. See
Decent, and cf. Dainty, Dignity,
Condign, Disdain.]
1. To esteem worthy; to consider worth notice; --
opposed to disdain. [Obs.]
I fear my Julia would not deign my lines.
Shak.
2. To condescend to give or bestow; to stoop to
furnish; to vouchsafe; to allow; to grant.
Nor would we deign him burial of his men.
Shak.
Deign, v. i. To think worthy; to
vouchsafe; to condescend; -- followed by an infinitive.
O deign to visit our forsaken seats.
Pope.
Yet not Lord Cranstone deigned she greet.
Sir W. Scott.
Round turned he, as not deigning
Those craven ranks to see.
Macaulay.
In early English deign was often used
impersonally.
Him deyneth not to set his foot to ground.
Chaucer.
Deign"ous (?), a. [For
disdeignous, OF. desdeignos,
desdaigneus, F. d\'82daigneux. See
Disdain.] Haughty; disdainful.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Deil (?), n. Devil; -- spelt
also deel. [Scot.]
Deil's buckie. See under
Buckie.
\'d8Dei*noc"e*ras (?), n.
[NL.] (Paleon.) See
Dinoceras.
\'d8Dei*nor"nis (?), n.
[NL.] (Paleon.) See
Dinornis.
\'d8Dei"no*saur (?), n.
[NL.] (Paleon.) See
Dinosaur.
\'d8Dei`no*the"ri*um (?), n.
[NL.] (Paleon.) See
Dinotherium.
De*in"te*grate (?), v. t. [L.
deintegrare to impair; de- +
integrare to make whole.] To
disintegrate. [Obs.]
{ Dein"te*ous (?), Dein"te*vous
(?) }, a. Rare; excellent;
costly. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
De*ip"a*rous (?), a. [L.
deus a god + parere to bring forth.]
Bearing or bringing forth a god; -- said of the Virgin
Mary. [Obs.]
Bailey.
Deip*nos"o*phist (?), n. [Gr.
/; / a meal + / a wise man, sophist.] One of an
ancient sect of philosophers, who cultivated learned conversation
at meals.
De"is (?), n. See
Dais.
De"ism (?), n. [L.
deus god: cf. F. d\'82isme. See
Deity.] The doctrine or creed of a deist; the
belief or system of those who acknowledge the existence of one
God, but deny revelation.
Deism is the belief in natural religion
only, or those truths, in doctrine and practice, which man is to
discover by the light of reason, independent of any revelation
from God. Hence, deism implies infidelity,
or a disbelief in the divine origin of the Scriptures.
De"ist (?), n. [L.
deus god: cf. F. d\'82iste. See
Deity.] One who believes in the existence of
a God, but denies revealed religion; a freethinker.
deist, as denying a revelation, is
opposed to a Christian; as, opposed to the denier of a God,
whether atheist or patheist, a
deist is generally denominated
theist.
Latham.
Syn. -- See Infidel.
{ De*is"tic (?), De*is"tic*al
(?), } a. Pertaining to, savoring
of, or consisting in, deism; as, a deistic writer; a
deistical book.
The deistical or antichristian scheme.
I. Watts.
De*is"tic*al*ly, adv. After the manner
of deists.
De*is"tic*al*ness, n. State of being
deistical.
De"i*tate (?), a.
Deified. [Obs.]
Granmer.
De"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Deities (#). [OE.
deite, F. d\'82it\'82, fr. L.
deitas, fr. deus a god; akin to
divus divine, Jupiter, gen.
Jovis, Jupiter, dies day, Gr. / divine,
/, gen. ///, Zeus, Skr. d/va divine, as a
noun, god, daiva divine, dy/ sky, day,
hence, the sky personified as a god, and to the first syllable of
E. Tuesday, Gael. & Ir. dia God, W.
duw. Cf. Divine, Journey,
Journal, Tuesday.]
1. The collection of attributes which make up the
nature of a god; divinity; godhead; as, the deity of
the Supreme Being is seen in his works.
They declared with emphasis the perfect deity and
the perfect manhood of Christ.
Milman.
2. A god or goddess; a heathen god.
To worship calves, the deities
Of Egypt.
Milton.
The Deity, God, the Supreme Being.
This great poet and philosopher [Simonides], the more he
contemplated the nature of the Deity, found that he
waded but the more out of his depth.
Addison.
De*ject" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dejected; p.
pr. & vb. n. Dejecting.] [L.
dejectus, p. p. of dejicere to throw down;
de- + jacere to throw. See Jet a
shooting forth.]
1. To cast down. [Obs. or
Archaic]
Christ dejected himself even unto the hells.
Udall.
Sometimes she dejects her eyes in a seeming
civility; and many mistake in her a cunning for a modest
look.
Fuller.
2. To cast down the spirits of; to dispirit; to
discourage; to dishearten.
Nor think, to die dejects my lofty mind.
Pope.
De*ject", a. [L. dejectus, p.
p.] Dejected. [Obs.]
\'d8De*jec"ta (?), n. pl. [NL.,
neut. pl. from L. dejectus, p. p.]
Excrements; as, the dejecta of the
sick.
De*ject"ed, a. Cast down; afflicted;
low-spirited; sad; as, a dejected look or
countenance. -- De*ject"ed*ly,
adv. -- De*ject"ed*ness,
n.
De*ject"er (?), n. One who
casts down, or dejects.
De*jec"tion (?), n. [L.
dejectio a casting down: cf. F.
d\'82jection.]
1. A casting down; depression. [Obs. or
Archaic]
Hallywell.
2. The act of humbling or abasing one's self.
Adoration implies submission and dejection.
Bp. Pearson.
3. Lowness of spirits occasioned by grief or
misfortune; mental depression; melancholy.
What besides,
Of sorrow, and dejection, and despair,
Our frailty can sustain, thy tidings bring.
Milton.
4. A low condition; weakness; inability.
[R.]
A dejection of appetite.
Arbuthnot.
5. (Physiol.) (a) The discharge
of excrement. (b) F\'91ces; excrement.
Ray.
De*ject"ly (?), adv.
Dejectedly. [Obs.]
De*jec"to*ry (?), a. [L.
dejector a dejecter.]
1. Having power, or tending, to cast down.
2. Promoting evacuations by stool.
Ferrand.
De*jec"ture (?; 135), n. That
which is voided; excrements.
Arbuthnot.
Dej"er*ate (?), v. i. [L.
dejeratus, p. p. of dejerare to swear;
de- + jurare to swear.] To swear
solemnly; to take an oath. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
Dej`er*a"tion (?), n. [L.
dejeratio.] The act of swearing
solemnly. [Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
\'d8D\'82`jeu`n\'82" (?), n.
[F.] A d\'82jeuner.
Take a d\'82jeun\'82 of muskadel and eggs.
B. Jonson.
\'d8D\'82`jeu`ner" (?), n. [F.
d\'82jeuner breakfast, as a verb, to breakfast. Cf.
Dinner.] A breakfast; sometimes, also, a
lunch or collation.
\'d8De` ju"re (?). [L.] By
right; of right; by law; -- often opposed to be
facto.
Dek"a- (?). (Metric System) A
prefix signifying ten. See Deca-.
Dek"a*gram (?), n. Same as
Decagram.
Dek"a*li`ter (?), n. Same as
Decaliter.
Dek"a*me`ter (?), n. Same as
Decameter.
Dek"a*stere` (?), n. Same as
Decastere.
De"kle (?), n. (Paper
Making) See Deckle.
Del (?), n. [See Deal,
n.] Share; portion; part.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
De*lac`er*a"tion (?), n. [L.
delacerare, delaceratum, to tear in pieces.
See Lacerate.] A tearing in pieces.
[Obs.]
Bailey.
De*lac`ry*ma"tion (?), n. [L.
delacrimatio, fr. delacrimare to weep. See
Lachrymation.] An involuntary discharge of
watery humors from the eyes; wateriness of the eyes.
[Obs.]
Bailey.
De`lac*ta"tion (?), n. [Pref.
de- + L. lactare to suck milk, from
lac milk.] The act of weaning.
[Obs.]
Bailey.
De*laine" (?), n. [See
Muslin delaine, under Muslin.] A
kind of fabric for women's dresses.
De*lam`i*na"tion (?), n.
(Biol.) Formation and separation of lamin\'91 or
layers; one of the methods by which the various blastodermic
layers of the ovum are differentiated.
De`lap*sa"tion (?), n. See
Delapsion.
Ray.
De*lapse" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Delapsed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Delapsing.] [L. delapsus, p.
p. of delabi to fall down; de- +
labi to fall or side.] To pass down by
inheritance; to lapse. [Obs.]
Which Anne derived alone the right, before all other,
Of the delapsed crown from Philip.
Drayton.
<-- p. 385 -->
De*lap"sion (?), n. A falling
down, or out of place; prolapsion.
De`las*sa"tion (?), n. [L.
delassare, delassatum, to tire out;
de- + lassare to tire.]
Fatigue.
Able to continue without delassation.
Ray.
De*late" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Delated; p. pr.
& vb. n. Delating.] [L.
delatus, used as p. p. of deferre. See
Tolerate, and cf. 3d Defer, Delay,
v.] [Obs. or Archaic]
1. To carry; to convey.
Try exactly the time wherein sound is delated.
Bacon.
2. To carry abroad; to spread; to make
public.
When the crime is delated or notorious.
Jer. Taylor.
3. To carry or bring against, as a charge; to
inform against; to accuse; to denounce.
As men were delated, they were marked down for such
a fine.
Bp. Burnet.
4. To carry on; to conduct.
Warner.
De*late", v. i. To dilate.
[Obs.]
Goodwin.
De*la"tion (?), n. [L.
delatio accusation: cf. F.
d\'82lation.]
1. Conveyance. [Obs. or Archaic]
In delation of sounds, the inclosure of them
preserveth them.
Bacon.
2. (Law) Accusation by an
informer.
Milman.
De*la"tor (?), n. [L.]
An accuser; an informer. [R.]
Howell.
Del"a*ware (?), n. (Bot.)
An American grape, with compact bunches of small,
amber-colored berries, sweet and of a good flavor.
Del"a*wares (?), n. pl.; sing.
Delaware. (Ethnol.) A tribe
of Indians formerly inhabiting the valley of the Delaware River,
but now mostly located in the Indian Territory.
De*lay" (?), n.; pl.
Delays (#). [F.
d\'82lai, fr. OF. deleer to delay, or fr.
L. dilatum, which, though really from a different
root, is used in Latin only as a p. p. neut. of
differre to carry apart, defer, delay. See
Tolerate, and cf. Differ, Delay,
v.] A putting off or deferring;
procrastination; lingering inactivity; stop; detention;
hindrance.
Without any delay, on the morrow I sat on the
judgment seat.
Acts xxv. 17.
The government ought to be settled without the
delay of a day.
Macaulay.
De*lay", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Delayed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Delaying.] [OF.
deleer, delaier, fr. the noun
d\'82lai, or directly fr. L. dilatare to
enlarge, dilate, in LL., to put off. See Delay,
n., and cf. Delate, 1st Defer,
Dilate.]
1. To put off; to defer; to procrastinate; to
prolong the time of or before.
My lord delayeth his coming.
Matt. xxiv. 48.
2. To retard; to stop, detain, or hinder, for a
time; to retard the motion, or time of arrival, of; as, the
mail is delayed by a heavy fall of snow.
Thyrsis! whose artful strains have oft delayed
The huddling brook to hear his madrigal.
Milton.
3. To allay; to temper. [Obs.]
The watery showers delay the raging wind.
Surrey.
De*lay", v. i. To move slowly; to stop
for a time; to linger; to tarry.
There seem to be certain bounds to the quickness and slowness
of the succession of those ideas, . . . beyond which they can
neither delay nor hasten.
Locke.
De*lay"er (?), n. One who
delays; one who lingers.
De*lay"ing*ly, adv. By delays.
[R.]
Tennyson.
De*lay"ment (?), n.
Hindrance. [Obs.]
Gower.
\'d8Del` cred"er*e (?). [It., of belief or
trust.] (Mercantile Law) An agreement by
which an agent or factor, in consideration of an additional
premium or commission (called a del credere
commission), engages, when he sells goods on credit, to insure,
warrant, or guarantee to his principal the solvency of the
purchaser, the engagement of the factor being to pay the debt
himself if it is not punctually discharged by the buyer when it
becomes due.
De"le (?), imperative sing. of
L. delere to destroy. [Cf.
Delete.] (Print.) Erase; remove;
-- a direction to cancel something which has been put in type;
usually expressed by a peculiar form of d, thus:
De"le, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Deled (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deleing.] [From the preceding
word.] (Print.) To erase; to cancel; to
delete; to mark for omission.
Dele (?), v. t. [See
Deal.] To deal; to divide; to
distribute. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Del"e*ble (?; 277), a. [L.
delebilis. See 1st Dele.] Capable
of being blotted out or erased. \'bdAn impression easily
deleble.\'b8
Fuller.
De*lec"ta*ble (?), a. [OF.
delitable, OF. delitable, F.
d\'82lectable, fr. L. delectabilis, fr.
delectare to delight. See Delight.]
Highly pleasing; delightful.
Delectable both to behold and taste.
Milton.
-- De*lec"ta*ble*ness, n. --
De*lec"ta*bly, adv.
De*lec"tate (?), v. t. [L.
delectatus, p. p. of delectare. See
Delight.] To delight; to charm.
[R.]
De`lec*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
delectatio: cf. F. d\'82lectation.]
Great pleasure; delight.
\'d8De*lec"tus (?), n. [L.,
selection, from deligere, delectum, to
select.] A name given to an elementary book for
learners of Latin or Greek.
G. Eliot.
Del`e*ga*cy (?), n. [From
Delegate, a.]
1. The act of delegating, or state of being
delegated; deputed power. [Obs.]
By way of delegacy or grand commission.
Sir W. Raleigh.
2. A body of delegates or commissioners; a
delegation. [Obs.]
Burton.
Del"e*gate (?), n. [L.
delegatus, p. p. of delegare to send,
delegate; de- + legare to send with a
commission, to depute. See Legate.]
1. Any one sent and empowered to act for another;
one deputed to represent; a chosen deputy; a representative; a
commissioner; a vicar.
2. (a) One elected by the people of a
territory to represent them in Congress, where he has the right
of debating, but not of voting. (b) One sent
by any constituency to act as its representative in a convention;
as, a delegate to a convention for nominating
officers, or for forming or altering a constitution.
[U.S.]
Court of delegates, formerly, the great court
of appeal from the archbishops' courts and also from the court of
admiralty. It is now abolished, and the privy council is the
immediate court of appeal in such cases.
[Eng.]
Del"e*gate (?), a. [L.
delegatus, p. p.] Sent to act for a
represent another; deputed; as, a delegate
judge. \'bdDelegate power.\'b8
Strype.
Del"e*gate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Delegated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Delegating
(?).]
1. To send as one's representative; to empower as
an ambassador; to send with power to transact business; to
commission; to depute; to authorize.
2. To intrust to the care or management of another;
to transfer; to assign; to commit.
The delegated administration of the law.
Locke.
Delegated executive power.
Bancroft.
The power exercised by the legislature is the people's power,
delegated by the people to the legislative.
J. B. Finch.
Del`e*ga"tion (?), n. [L.
delegatio: cf. F. d\'82l\'82gation.]
1. The act of delegating, or investing with
authority to act for another; the appointment of a delegate or
delegates.
2. One or more persons appointed or chosen, and
commissioned to represent others, as in a convention, in
Congress, etc.; the collective body of delegates; as, the
delegation from Massachusetts; a deputation.
3. (Rom. Law) A kind of novation by
which a debtor, to be liberated from his creditor, gives him a
third person, who becomes obliged in his stead to the creditor,
or to the person appointed by him.
Pothier.
Del"e*ga*to*ry (?), a. [L.
delegatorius pert. to an assignment.]
Holding a delegated position.
Nash.
\'d8De*len"da (?), n. pl. [L.,
fr. delere to destroy.] Things to be erased
or blotted out.
Del`e*nif"ic*al (?), a. [L.
delenificus; delenire to soothe +
facere to make. See Lenient.]
Assuaging pain. [Obs.]
Bailey.
De*lete" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deleted; p. pr.
& vb. n. Deleting.] [L.
deletus, p. p. of delere to destroy. Cf.
1st Dele.] To blot out; to erase; to expunge;
to dele; to omit.
I have, therefore, . . . inserted eleven stanzas which do not
appear in Sir Walter Scott's version, and have deleted
eight.
Aytoun.
Del`e*te"ri*ous (?), a. [LL.
deleterius noxious, Gr. /, fr. / to hurt, damage;
prob. akin to L. delere to destroy.]
Hurtful; noxious; destructive; pernicious; as, a
deleterious plant or quality; a deleterious
example. -- Del`e*te"ri*ous*ly,
adv. -- Del`e*te"ri*ous*ness,
n.
Del"e*ter*y (?), a. [LL.
deleterius: cf. F.
d\'82l\'82t\'8are.] Destructive;
poisonous. [Obs.] \'bdDeletery
medicines.\'b8
Hudibras.
Del"e*ter*y, n. That which
destroys. [Obs.]
They [the Scriptures] are the only deletery of
heresies.
Jer. Taylor.
De*le"tion (?), n. [L.
deletio, fr. delere. See
Delete.] Act of deleting, blotting out, or
erasing; destruction. [Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.
A total deletion of every person of the opposing
party.
Sir M. Hale.
Del`e*ti"tious (?), a. [L.
deleticius.] Of such a nature that anything
may be erased from it; -- said of paper.
Del"e*tive (?), a. Adapted to
destroy or obliterate. [R.]
Evelyn.
Del"e*to*ry (?), n. [See
Delete.] That which blots out.
[Obs.] \'bdA deletory of sin.\'b8
Jer. Taylor.
Delf (?), n. [AS.
delf a delving, digging. See Delve.]
A mine; a quarry; a pit dug; a ditch. [Written
also delft, and delve.]
[Obs.]
The delfts would be so flown with waters, that no
gins or machines could . . . keep them dry.
Ray.
Delf, n. Same as
Delftware.
Delft (?), n. Same as
Delftware.
Delft"ware` (?), n. (a)
Pottery made at the city of Delft in Holland;
hence: (b) Earthenware made in imitation of
the above; any glazed earthenware made for table use, and the
like.
Del"i*bate (?), v. t. [L.
delibatus, p. p. of delibare to taste;
de- + libare to taste.] To
taste; to take a sip of; to dabble in. [Obs.]
Del`i*ba"tion (?), n. [L.
delibatio: cf. F. d\'82libation.]
Act of tasting; a slight trial. [Obs.]
Berkeley.
Del"i*ber (?), v. t. & i. To
deliberate. [Obs.]
De*lib"er*ate (?), a. [L.
deliberatus, p. p. of deliberare to
deliberate; de- + librare to weigh. See
Librate.]
1. Weighing facts and arguments with a view a
choice or decision; carefully considering the probable
consequences of a step; circumspect; slow in determining; --
applied to persons; as, a deliberate judge or
counselor. \'bdThese deliberate fools.\'b8
Shak.
2. Formed with deliberation; well-advised;
carefully considered; not sudden or rash; as, a
deliberate opinion; a deliberate measure or
result.
Settled visage and deliberate word.
Shak.
3. Not hasty or sudden; slow.
Hooker.
His enunciation was so deliberate.
W. Wirt.
De*lib"er*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deliberated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Deliberating.] To
weigh in the mind; to consider the reasons for and against; to
consider maturely; to reflect upon; to ponder; as, to
deliberate a question.
De*lib"er*ate, v. i. To take counsel
with one's self; to weigh the arguments for and against a
proposed course of action; to reflect; to consider; to hesitate
in deciding; -- sometimes with on, upon,
concerning.
The woman the deliberation is lost.
Addison.
De*lib"er*ate*ly (?), adv. With
careful consideration, or deliberation; circumspectly; warily;
not hastily or rashly; slowly; as, a purpose
deliberately formed.
De*lib"er*ate*ness, n. The quality of
being deliberate; calm consideration; circumspection.
De*lib`er*a"tion (?), n. [L.
deliberatio: cf. F.
d\'82lib\'82ration.]
1. The act of deliberating, or of weighing and
examining the reasons for and against a choice or measure;
careful consideration; mature reflection.
Choosing the fairest way with a calm
deliberation.
W. Montagu.
2. Careful discussion and examination of the
reasons for and against a measure; as, the
deliberations of a legislative body or
council.
De*lib"er*a*tive (?), a. [L.
deliberativus: cf. F.
d\'82lib\'82ratif.] Pertaining to
deliberation; proceeding or acting by deliberation, or by
discussion and examination; deliberating; as, a
deliberative body.
A consummate work of deliberative wisdom.
Bancroft.
The court of jurisdiction is to be distinguished from the
deliberative body, the advisers of the crown.
Hallam.
De*lib"er*a*tive, n.
1. A discourse in which a question is discussed, or
weighed and examined.
Bacon.
2. A kind of rhetoric employed in proving a thing
and convincing others of its truth, in order to persuade them to
adopt it.
De*lib"er*a*tive*ly, adv. In a
deliberative manner; circumspectly; considerately.
De*lib"er*a`tor (?), n. One who
deliberates.
Del"i*brate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Delibrated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Delibrating.] [L.
delibratus, p. p. of delibrare to
delibrate; de from + liber bark.]
To strip off the bark; to peel. [Obs.]
Ash.
Del`i*bra"tion (?), n. The act
of stripping off the bark. [Obs.]
Ash.
Del"i*ca*cy (?), n.; pl.
Delicacies (#). [From
Delicate, a.]
1. The state or condition of being delicate;
agreeableness to the senses; delightfulness; as,
delicacy of flavor, of odor, and the like.
What choice to choose for delicacy best.
Milton.
2. Nicety or fineness of form, texture, or
constitution; softness; elegance; smoothness; tenderness; and
hence, frailty or weakness; as, the delicacy of a
fiber or a thread; delicacy of a hand or of the human
form; delicacy of the skin; delicacy of
frame.
3. Nice propriety of manners or conduct;
susceptibility or tenderness of feeling; refinement;
fastidiousness; and hence, in an exaggerated sense, effeminacy;
as, great delicacy of behavior; delicacy in
doing a kindness; delicacy of character that unfits for
earnest action.
You know your mother's delicacy in this point.
Cowper.
4. Addiction to pleasure; luxury; daintiness;
indulgence; luxurious or voluptuous treatment.
And to those dainty limbs which Nature lent
For gentle usage and soft delicacy?
Milton.
5. Nice and refined perception and discrimination;
critical niceness; fastidious accuracy.
That Augustan delicacy of taste which is the boast
of the great public schools of England.
Macaulay.
6. The state of being affected by slight causes;
sensitiveness; as, the delicacy of a chemist's
balance.
7. That which is alluring, delicate, or refined; a
luxury or pleasure; something pleasant to the senses, especially
to the sense of taste; a dainty; as, delicacies of
the table.
The merchants of the earth are waxed rich through the
abundance of her delicacies.
Rev. xviii. 3.
8. Pleasure; gratification; delight.
[Obs.]
He Rome brent for his delicacie.
Chaucer.
Syn. -- See Dainty.
Del"i*cate (?), a. [L.
delicatus pleasing the senses, voluptuous, soft and
tender; akin to deliciae delight: cf. F.
d\'82licat. See Delight.]
1. Addicted to pleasure; luxurious; voluptuous;
alluring. [R.]
Dives, for his delicate life, to the devil
went.
Piers Plowman.
Haarlem is a very delicate town.
Evelyn.
2. Pleasing to the senses; refinedly; hence,
adapted to please a nice or cultivated taste; nice; fine;
elegant; as, a delicate dish; delicate
flavor.
3. Slight and shapely; lovely; graceful; as,
\'bda delicate creature.\'b8
Shak.
4. Fine or slender; minute; not coarse; -- said of
a thread, or the like; as, delicate
cotton.
5. Slight or smooth; light and yielding; -- said of
texture; as, delicate lace or silk.
6. Soft and fair; -- said of the skin or a surface;
as, a delicate cheek; a delicate
complexion.
7. Light, or softly tinted; -- said of a color; as;
as, a delicate blue.
8. Refined; gentle; scrupulous not to trespass or
offend; considerate; -- said of manners, conduct, or feelings;
as, delicate behavior; delicate attentions;
delicate thoughtfulness.
9. Tender; not able to endure hardship; feeble;
frail; effeminate; -- said of constitution, health, etc.; as,
a delicate child; delicate health.
A delicate and tender prince.
Shak.
10. Requiring careful handling; not to be rudely or
hastily dealt with; nice; critical; as, a delicate
subject or question.
There are some things too delicate and too sacred
to be handled rudely without injury to truth.
F. W. Robertson.
11. Of exacting tastes and habits; dainty;
fastidious.
12. Nicely discriminating or perceptive; refinedly
critical; sensitive; exquisite; as, a delicate
taste; a delicate ear for music.
13. Affected by slight causes; showing slight
changes; as, a delicate thermometer.
Del"i*cate, n.
1. A choice dainty; a delicacy.
[R.]
With abstinence all delicates he sees.
Dryden.
<-- p. 386 -->
2. A delicate, luxurious, or effeminate
person.
All the vessels, then, which our delicates have, --
those I mean that would seem to be more fine in their houses than
their neighbors, -- are only of the Corinth metal.
Holland.
Del"i*cate*ly (?), adv. In a
delicate manner.
Del"i*cate*ness, n. The quality of being
delicate.
Del"i*ces (?), n. pl. [F.
d\'82lices, fr. L. deliciae.]
Delicacies; delights. [Obs.] \'bdDainty
delices.\'b8
Spenser.
De*li"ci*ate (?), v. t. To
delight one's self; to indulge in feasting; to revel.
[Obs.]
De*li"cious (?), a. [OF.
delicieus, F. d\'82licieux, L.
deliciosus, fr. deliciae delight, fr.
delicere to allure. See Delight.]
1. Affording exquisite pleasure; delightful; most
sweet or grateful to the senses, especially to the taste;
charming.
Some delicious landscape.
Coleridge.
One draught of spring's delicious air.
Keble.
Were not his words delicious?
Tennyson.
2. Addicted to pleasure; seeking enjoyment;
luxurious; effeminate. [Obs.]
Others, lastly, of a more delicious and airy
spirit, retire themselves to the enjoyments of ease and
luxury.
Milton.
Syn. -- Delicious, Delightful.
Delicious refers to the pleasure derived from
certain of the senses, particularly the taste and smell; as,
delicious food; a delicious fragrance.
Delightful may also refer to most of the senses (as,
delightful music; a delightful prospect;
delightful sensations), but has a higher application
to matters of taste, feeling, and sentiment; as, a
delightful abode, conversation, employment;
delightful scenes, etc.
Like the rich fruit he sings, delicious in
decay.
Smith.
No spring, nor summer, on the mountain seen,
Smiles with gay fruits or with delightful green.
Addison.
De*li"cious*ly, adv. Delightfully;
as, to feed deliciously; to be deliciously
entertained.
De*li"cious*ness, n.
1. The quality of being delicious; as, the
deliciousness of a repast.
2. Luxury. \'bdTo drive away all superfluity
and deliciousness.\'b8
Sir T. North.
De*lict" (?), n. [L.
delictum fault.] (Law) An
offense or transgression against law; (Scots Law) an
offense of a lesser degree; a misdemeanor.
Every regulation of the civil code necessarily implies a
delict in the event of its violation.
Jeffrey.
Del"i*gate (?), v. t. [L.
deligatus, p. p. of deligare to bind up;
de- + ligare to bind.]
(Surg.) To bind up; to bandage.
Del`i*ga"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82ligation.] (Surg.) A
binding up; a bandaging.
Wiseman.
De*light" (?), n. [OE.
delit, OF. delit, deleit, fr.
delitier, to delight. See Delight, v.
t.]
1. A high degree of gratification of mind; a
high-wrought state of pleasurable feeling; lively pleasure;
extreme satisfaction; joy.
Sounds and sweet airs, that give delight and hurt
not.
Shak.
A fool hath no delight in understanding.
Prov. xviii. 2.
2. That which gives great pleasure or
delight.
Heaven's last, best gift, my ever new delight.
Milton.
3. Licentious pleasure; lust.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
De*light", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Delighted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Delighting.] [OE. deliten,
OF. delitier, deleitier, F.
d\'82lecter, fr. L. delectare to entice
away, to delight (sc. by attracting or alluring), intens. of
delicere to allure, delight; de- +
lacere to entice, allure; cf. laqueus a
snare. Cf. Delectate, Delicate,
Delicious, Dilettante, Elicit,
Lace.] To give delight to; to affect with
great pleasure; to please highly; as, a beautiful landscape
delights the eye; harmony delights the
ear.
Inventions to delight the taste.
Shak.
Delight our souls with talk of knightly deeds.
Tennyson.
De*light", v. i. To have or take great
delight or pleasure; to be greatly pleased or rejoiced; --
followed by an infinitive, or by in.
Love delights in praises.
Shak.
I delight to do thy will, O my God.
Ps. xl. 8.
De*light"a*ble (?), a. [See
Delectable.] Capable of delighting;
delightful. [Obs.]
Many a spice delightable.
Rom. of R.
De*light"ed, a. Endowed with
delight.
If virtue no delighted beauty lack.
Shak.
Syn. -- Glad; pleased; gratified. See Glad.
De*light"ed*ly, adv. With delight;
gladly.
De*light"er (?), n. One who
gives or takes delight.
De*light"ful (?), a. Highly
pleasing; affording great pleasure and satisfaction.
\'bdDelightful bowers.\'b8 Spenser.
\'bdDelightful fruit.\'b8
Milton.
Syn. -- Delicious; charming. See Delicious.
-- De*light"ful*ly, adv. --
De*light"ful*ness, n.
De*light"ing, a. Giving delight;
gladdening. -- De*light"ing*ly,
adv.
Jer. Taylor.
De*light"less, a. Void of delight.
Thomson.
De*light"ous (?) a. [OF.
delitos.] Delightful.
[Obs.]
Rom. of R.
De*light"some (?), a. Very
pleasing; delightful. \'bdDelightsome vigor.\'b8
Grew.
Ye shall be a delightsome land, . . . saith the
Lord.
Mal. iii. 12.
-- De*light"some*ly, adv. --
De*light"some*ness, n.
De*li"lah (?), n. The mistress
of Samson, who betrayed him (Judges xvi.); hence, a
harlot; a temptress.
Other Delilahs on a smaller scale Burns met with
during his Dumfries sojourn.
J. C. Shairp.
De*lim"it (?), v. t. [L.
delimitare: cf. F. d\'82limitier.]
To fix the limits of; to demarcate; to bound.
De*lim`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
delimitatio: cf. F. d\'82limitation.]
The act or process of fixing limits or boundaries;
limitation.
Gladstone.
De*line" (?), v. t.
1. To delineate. [Obs.]
2. To mark out. [Obs.]
R. North.
De*lin"e*a*ble (?), a. Capable
of being, or liable to be, delineated.
Feltham.
De*lin"e*a*ment (?), /. [See
Delineate.] Delineation; sketch.
Dr. H. More.
De*lin"e*ate (?), a. [L.
delineatus, p. p. of delineare to
delineate; de- + lineare to draw, fr.
linea line. See Line.] Delineated;
portrayed. [R.]
De*lin"e*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Delineated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Delineating.]
1. To indicate by lines drawn in the form or figure
of; to represent by sketch, design, or diagram; to sketch out; to
portray; to picture; in drawing and engraving, to represent in
lines, as with the pen, pencil, or graver; hence, to represent
with accuracy and minuteness. See Delineation.
Adventurous to delineate nature's form.
Akenside.
2. To portray to the mind or understanding by
words; to set forth; to describe.
Customs or habits delineated with great
accuracy.
Walpole.
De*lin`e*a"tion (?), n. [L.
delineatio: cf. F.
d\'82lin\'82ation.]
1. The act of representing, portraying, or
describing, as by lines, diagrams, sketches, etc.; drawing an
outline; as, the delineation of a scene or
face; in drawing and engraving, representation by means of
lines, as distinguished from representation by means of tints
shades; accurate and minute representation, as distinguished from
art that is careless of details, or subordinates them
excessively.
2. A delineated picture; representation; sketch;
description in words.
Their softest delineations of female beauty.
W. Irving.
Syn. -- Sketch; portrait; outline. See
Sketch.
De*lin"e*a`tor (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, delineates; a
sketcher.
2. (Surv.) A perambulator which records
distances and delineates a profile, as of a road.
De*lin"e*a*to*ry (?), a. That
delineates; descriptive; drawing the outline; delineating.
De*lin"e*a*ture (?; 135), n.
Delineation. [Obs.]
Del`i*ni"tion (?), n. [L.
delinere to smear. See Liniment.]
A smearing. [Obs.]
Dr. H. More.
De*lin"quen*cy (?), n.; pl.
Delinquencies (#). [L.
delinquentia, fr. delinquens.]
Failure or omission of duty; a fault; a misdeed; an offense;
a misdemeanor; a crime.
The delinquencies of the little commonwealth would
be represented in the most glaring colors.
Motley.
De*lin"quent (?) a. [L.
delinquens, -entis, p. pr. of
delinquere to fail, be wanting in one's duty, do
wrong; de- + linquere to leave. See
Loan, n.] Failing in duty;
offending by neglect of duty.
De*lin"quent, n. One who fails or
neglects to perform his duty; an offender or transgressor; one
who commits a fault or a crime; a culprit.
A delinquent ought to be cited in the place or
jurisdiction where the delinquency was committed.
Ayliffe.
De*lin"quent*ly, adv. So as to fail in
duty.
Del"i*quate (?), v. i. [L.
deliquatus, p. p. of deliquare to clear
off, de- + liquare to make liquid, melt,
dissolve.] To melt or be dissolved; to
deliquesce. [Obs.]
Boyle.
Del"i*quate, v. t. To cause to melt
away; to dissolve; to consume; to waste.
[Obs.]
Dilapidating, or rather deliquating, his
bishopric.
Fuller.
Del`i*qua"tion (?), n. A
melting. [Obs.]
Del`i*quesce" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Deliquesced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deliquescing.] [L.
deliquescere to melt, dissolve; de- +
liquescere to become fluid, melt, fr.
liquere to be fluid. See Liquid.]
(Chem.) To dissolve gradually and become liquid
by attracting and absorbing moisture from the air, as certain
salts, acids, and alkalies.
In very moist air crystals of strontites
deliquesce.
Black.
Del`i*ques"cence (?), n. [Cf.
F. d\'82liquescence.] The act of
deliquescing or liquefying; process by which anything
deliquesces; tendency to melt.
Del`i*ques"cent (?), a. [L.
deliquescens, -entis, p. pr. of
deliquescere: cf. F.
d\'82liquescent.]
1. Dissolving; liquefying by contact with the air;
capable of attracting moisture from the atmosphere and becoming
liquid; as, deliquescent salts.
2. (Bot.) Branching so that the stem is
lost in branches, as in most deciduous trees.
Gray.
De*liq"ui*ate (?), v. i. [L.
deliquia a flowing off, a gutter, deliquium
a flowing down, fr. deliquare. See
Deliquate.] To melt and become liquid by
absorbing water from the air; to deliquesce.
Fourcroy.
De*liq`ui*a"tion (?), n. The
act of deliquating.
\'d8De*liq"ui*um (?), n. [L.
See Deliquiate.]
1. (Chem.) A melting or dissolution in
the air, or in a moist place; a liquid condition; as, a salt
falls into a deliquium. [R.]
2. A sinking away; a swooning.
[Obs.]
Bacon.
3. A melting or maudlin mood.
Carlyle.
De*lir"a*cy (?), n. [See
Delirate.] Delirium.
[Obs.]
De*lir"a*ment (?), n. [L.
deliramentum, fr. delirare. See
Delirium.] A wandering of the mind; a crazy
fancy. [Obs.]
Heywood.
De*lir"an*cy (?), n.
Delirium. [Obs.]
Gauden.
De*lir"ant (?), a. [L.
delirans, -antis, p. pr. of
delirare. See Delirium.]
Delirious. [Obs.]
Owen.
De*lir"ate (?), v. t. & i. [L.
deliratus, p. p. of delirare. See
Delirium.] To madden; to rave.
[Obs.]
An infatuating and delirating spirit in it.
Holland.
Del`i*ra"tion (?), n. [L.
deliratio.] Aberration of mind;
delirium.
J. Motley.
Deliration or alienation of the understanding.
Mede.
De*lir"i*ant (?), n. [See
Delirium.] (Med.) A poison which
occasions a persistent delirium, or mental aberration (as
belladonna).
De*lir`i*fa"cient (?), a.
[Delirium + L. faciens,
-entis, p. pr. of facere to make.]
(Med.) Producing, or tending to produce,
delirium. -- n. Any substance which
tends to cause delirium.
De*lir"i*ous (?), a. [From
Delirium.] Having a delirium; wandering in
mind; light-headed; insane; raving; wild; as, a
delirious patient; delirious
fancies. -- De*lir"i*ous*ly,
adv. -- De*lir"i*ous*ness,
n.
De*lir"i*um (?), n. [L., fr.
delirare to rave, to wander in mind, prop., to go out
of the furrow in plowing; de- + lira
furrow, track; perh. akin to G. geleise track, rut,
and E. last to endure.]
1. (Med.) A state in which the thoughts,
expressions, and actions are wild, irregular, and incoherent;
mental aberration; a roving or wandering of the mind, -- usually
dependent on a fever or some other disease, and so distinguished
from mania, or madness.
2. Strong excitement; wild enthusiasm;
madness.
The popular delirium [of the French Revolution] at
first caught his enthusiastic mind.
W. Irving.
The delirium of the preceding session (of
Parliament).
Motley.
Delirium tremens (/). [L.,
trembling delirium] (Med.), a violent
delirium induced by the excessive and prolonged use of
intoxicating liquors. -- Traumatic delirium
(Med.), a variety of delirium following
injury.
Syn. -- Insanity; frenzy; madness; derangement; aberration;
mania; lunacy; fury. See Insanity.
De*lit" (?), n. Delight.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
De*lit"a*ble (?), a.
Delightful; delectable. [Obs.]
Del`i*tes"cence (?), n. [See
Delitescent.]
1. Concealment; seclusion; retirement.
The delitescence of mental activities.
Sir W. Hamilton.
2. (Med.) The sudden disappearance of
inflammation.
Del`i*tes"cen*cy (?), n.
Concealment; seclusion.
The mental organization of the novelist must be characterized,
to speak craniologically, by an extraordinary development of the
passion for delitescency.
Sir W. Scott.
Del`i*tes"cent (?), a. [L.
delitescens, -entis, p. pr. of
delitescere to lie hid.] Lying hid;
concealed.
De*lit"i*gate (?), v. i. [L.
delitigare to rail. See Litigate.]
To chide; to rail heartily. [Obs.]
De*lit`i*ga"tion (?), n.
Chiding; brawl. [Obs.]
De*liv"er (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Delivered
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Delivering.] [F.
d\'82livrer, LL. deliberare to liberate,
give over, fr. L. de + liberare to set
free. See Liberate.]
1. To set free from restraint; to set at liberty;
to release; to liberate, as from control; to give up; to free; to
save; to rescue from evil actual or feared; -- often with
from or out of; as, to deliver
one from captivity, or from fear of death.
He that taketh warning shall deliver his soul.
Ezek. xxxiii. 5.
Promise was that I
Should Israel from Philistian yoke deliver.
Milton.
2. To give or transfer; to yield possession or
control of; to part with (to); to make over; to commit; to
surrender; to resign; -- often with up or
over, to or into.
Thou shalt deliver Pharaoh's cup into his hand.
Gen. xl. 13.
The constables have delivered her over.
Shak.
The exalted mind
All sense of woe delivers to the wind.
Pope.
3. To make over to the knowledge of another; to
communicate; to utter; to speak; to impart.
Till he these words to him deliver might.
Spenser.
Whereof the former delivers the precepts of the
art, and the latter the perfection.
Bacon.
4. To give forth in action or exercise; to
discharge; as, to deliver a blow; to
deliver a broadside, or a ball.
Shaking his head and delivering some show of
tears.
Sidney.
An uninstructed bowler . . . thinks to attain the jack by
delivering his bowl straightforward.
Sir W. Scott.
5. To free from, or disburden of, young; to relieve
of a child in childbirth; to bring forth; -- often with
of.
She was delivered safe and soon.
Gower.
Tully was long ere he could be delivered of a few
verses, and those poor ones.
Peacham.
6. To discover; to show.
[Poetic]
I 'll deliver
Myself your loyal servant.
Shak.
7. To deliberate. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
8. To admit; to allow to pass.
[Obs.]
Bacon.
Syn. -- To Deliver, Give Forth,
Discharge, Liberate, Pronounce,
Utter. Deliver denotes,
literally, to set free. Hence the term is extensively
applied to cases where a thing is made to pass from a
confined state to one of greater freedom or openness.
Hence it may, in certain connections, be used as synonymous with
any or all of the above-mentioned words, as will be seen from the
following examples: One who delivers a package
gives it forth; one who delivers a cargo
discharges it; one who delivers a captive
liberates him; one who delivers a message
or a discourse utters or pronounces it;
when soldiers deliver their fire, they set it
free or give it forth.
De*liv"er, a. [OF. delivre
free, unfettered. See Deliver, v. t.]
Free; nimble; sprightly; active. [Obs.]
Wonderly deliver and great of strength.
Chaucer.
De*liv"er*a*ble (?), a. Capable
of being, or about to be, delivered; necessary to be
delivered.
Hale.
De*liv"er*ance (?), n. [F.
d\'82livrance, fr. d\'82livrer.]
1. The act of delivering or freeing from restraint,
captivity, peril, and the like; rescue; as, the
deliverance of a captive.
He hath sent me to heal the broken-hearted, to preach
deliverance to the captives.
Luke iv. 18.
One death or one deliverance we will share.
Dryden.
2. Act of bringing forth children.
[Archaic]
Shak.
3. Act of speaking; utterance.
[Archaic]
Shak.
delivery is the word more commonly used.
4. The state of being delivered, or freed from
restraint.
I do desire deliverance from these officers.
Shak.
5. Anything delivered or communicated; esp., an
opinion or decision expressed publicly.
[Scot.]
6. (Metaph.) Any fact or truth which is
decisively attested or intuitively known as a psychological or
philosophical datum; as, the deliverance of
consciousness.
De*liv"er*er (?), n.
1. One who delivers or rescues; a preserver.
2. One who relates or communicates.
<-- p. 387 -->
De*liv"er*ess (?), n. A female
de///. [R.]
Evelyn.
De*liv"er*ly, adv. Actively; quickly;
nimbly. [Obs.]
Swim with your bodies,
And carry it sweetly and deliverly.
Beau. & Fl.
De*liv"er*ness, n. Nimbleness;
agility. [Obs.]
De*liv"er*y, n.; pl.
Deliveries (/).
1. The act of delivering from restraint; rescue;
release; liberation; as, the delivery of a captive
from his dungeon.
2. The act of delivering up or over; surrender;
transfer of the body or substance of a thing; distribution;
as, the delivery of a fort, of hostages, of a
criminal, of goods, of letters.
3. The act or style of utterance; manner of
speaking; as, a good delivery; a clear
delivery.
4. The act of giving birth; parturition; the
expulsion or extraction of a fetus and its membranes.
5. The act of exerting one's strength or
limbs.
Neater limbs and freer delivery.
Sir H. Wotton.
6. The act or manner of delivering a ball; as,
the pitcher has a swift delivery.
Dell (?), n. [AS.
del, akin to E. dale; cf. D.
delle, del, low ground. See
Dale.]
1. A small, retired valley; a ravine.
In dells and dales, concealed from human sight.
Tickell.
2. A young woman; a wench.
[Obs.]
Sweet doxies and dells.
B. Jonson.
\'d8Del"la Crus"ca (?). A shortened form
of Academia della Crusca, an academy in Florescence,
Italy, founded in the 16th century, especially for conversing the
purity of the Italian language.
academy
of the bran or chaff) was so called in allusion
to its chief object of bolting or purifying the national
language.
Del`la*crus"can (?), a. Of or
pertaining to the Accademia della Crusca in Florence.
The Dellacruscan School, a name given in
satire to a class of affected English writers, most of whom lived
in Florence, about a. d. 1785.
\'d8De"loo (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) The duykerbok.
\'d8De*loul" (?), n. [Prob. of
Arabic or Bedouin origin.] (Zo\'94l.) A
special breed of the dromedary used for rapid traveling; the
swift camel; -- called also herire, and
maharik.
Delph (?), n. Delftware.
Five nothings in five plates of delph.
Swift.
Delph, n. (Hydraul. Engin.)
The drain on the land side of a sea embankment.
Knight.
Del"phi*an (?), a.
Delphic.
Del"phic (?), a. [L.
Delphicus, fr. Gr. /, fr. /, L. Delphi,
a town of Phocis, in Greece, now Kastri.]
(Gr. Antiq.)
1. Of or relating to Delphi, or to the famous
oracle of that place.
2. Ambiguous; mysterious. \'bdIf he is silent
or delphic.\'b8
New York Times.
{ Del"phin, Del"phine }
(?), a. [See Dauphin.]
Pertaining to the dauphin of France; as, the
Delphin classics, an edition of the Latin classics,
prepared in the reign of Louis XIV., for the use of the dauphin
(in usum Delphini).
Del"phin, n. [L. delphinus a
dolphin.] (Chem.) A fatty substance
contained in the oil of the dolphin and the porpoise; -- called
also phocenin.
Del"phine (?), a. [L.
delphinus a dolphin, Gr. /, /.]
Pertaining to the dolphin, a genus of fishes.
Del*phin"ic (?), a. [See
Delphin, n.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, the dolphin; phocenic.
Delphinic acid. (Chem.) See
Valeric acid, under Valeric.
[Obs.]
Del*phin"ic, a. [From NL.
Delphinium, the name of the genus.]
(Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, the
larkspur; specifically, relating to the stavesacre
(Delphinium staphisagria).
Del"phi*nine (?; 104), n. [Cf.
F. delphinine.] (Chem.) A
poisonous alkaloid extracted from the stavesacre (Delphinium
staphisagria), as a colorless amorphous powder.
Del"phi*noid (?), a. [L.
delphinus a dolphin + -oid.]
(Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to, or resembling, the
dolphin.
\'d8Del`phi*noi"de*a (?), n. pl.
[NL.] (Zo\'94l.) The division of
Cetacea which comprises the dolphins, porpoises, and related
forms.
\'d8Del*phi"nus (?), n. [L., a
dolphin, fr. Gr. /, /.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of Cetacea,
including the dolphin. See Dolphin, 1.
2. (Astron.) The Dolphin, a
constellation near the equator and east of Aquila.
Del"ta (?), n.; pl.
Deltas (#). [Gr. /, the name of
the fourth letter of the Greek alphabet (the capital form of
which is Delta of
the Nile.] A tract of land shaped like the letter
delta (as, the
delta of the Ganges, of the Nile, or of the
Mississippi.
Del`ta*fi*ca"tion (?), n.
[Delta + L. facere to make.]
The formation of a delta or of deltas.
[R.]
Del*ta"ic (?), a. Relating to,
or like, a delta.
\'d8Del*thy"ris (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. de`lta the name of the letter thy`ra door.] (Zo\'94l.) A name
formerly given to certain Silurian brachiopod shells of the genus
Spirifer.
Delthyris limestone (Geol.), one of
the divisions of the Upper Silurian rocks in New York.
Del"tic (?), a. Deltaic.
\'d8Del*tid"i*um (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. de`lta, the letter
(Zo\'94l.) The triangular space under the beak of
many brachiopod shells.
Del`to*he"dron (?), n. [Gr.
de`lta, the letter 'e`dra seat,
base.] (Crystallog.) A solid bounded by
twelve quadrilateral faces. It is a hemihedral form of the
isometric system, allied to the tetrahedron.
Del"toid (?), a. [Gr.
deltoeidh`s delta-shaped; de`lta the name
of the letter ei^dos form: cf. F.
delto\'8bde. See Delta.] Shaped
like the Greek / (delta); delta-shaped; triangular.
Deltoid leaf (Bot.), a leaf in the
form of a triangle with the stem inserted at the middle of the
base. -- Deltoid muscle (Anat.), a
triangular muscle in the shoulder which serves to move the arm
directly upward.
De*lud"a*ble (?), a. Capable of
being deluded; liable to be imposed on gullible.
Sir T. Browne.
De*lude" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deluded; p. pr.
& vb. n. Deluding.] [L.
deludere, delusum; de- +
ludere to play, make sport of, mock. See
Ludicrous.]
1. To lead from truth or into error; to mislead the
mind or judgment of to beguile; to impose on; to dupe; to make a
fool of.
To delude the nation by an airy phantom.
Burke.
2. To frustrate or disappoint.
It deludes thy search.
Dryden.
Syn. -- To mislead; deceive; beguile; cajole; cheat; dupe.
See Deceive.
De*lud"er (?), n. One who
deludes; a deceiver; an impostor.
Del"uge (?), n. [F.
d\'82luge, L. diluvium, fr.
diluere wash away; di- = dis- +
luere, equiv. to lavare to wash. See
Lave, and cf. Diluvium.]
1. A washing away; an overflowing of the land by
water; an inundation; a flood; specifically, The Deluge, the
great flood in the days of Noah (Gen. vii.).
2. Fig.: Anything which overwhelms, or causes great
destruction. \'bdThe deluge of summer.\'b8
Lowell.
A fiery deluge fed
With ever-burning sulphur unconsumed.
Milton.
As I grub up some quaint old fragment of a [London] street, or
a house, or a shop, or tomb or burial ground, which has still
survived in the deluge.
F. Harrison.
After me the deluge.
(Apr\'82s moi le d\'82luge.)
Madame de Pompadour.
Del"uge, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Deluged (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Deluging.]
1. To overflow with water; to inundate; to
overwhelm.
The deluged earth would useless grow.
Blackmore.
2. To overwhelm, as with a deluge; to cover; to
overspread; to overpower; to submerge; to destroy; as, the
northern nations deluged the Roman empire with their
armies; the land is deluged with woe.
At length corruption, like a general fl/// . . .
Shall deluge all.
Pope.
\'d8De*lun"dung (?), n. [Native
name.] (Zo\'94l.) An East Indian
carnivorous mammal (Prionodon gracilis), resembling
the civets, but without scent pouches. It is handsomely
spotted.
De*lu"sion (?) n. [L.
delusio, fr. deludere. See
Delude.]
1. The act of deluding; deception; a misleading of
the mind.
Pope.
2. The state of being deluded or misled.
3. That which is falsely or delusively believed or
propagated; false belief; error in belief.
And fondly mourned the dear delusion gone.
Prior.
Syn. -- Delusion, Illusion.
These words both imply some deception practiced upon the mind.
Delusion is deception from want of knowledge;
illusion is deception from morbid imagination. An
illusion is a false show, a mere cheat on the fancy or
senses. It is, in other words, some idea or image presented to
the bodily or mental vision which does not exist in reality. A
delusion is a false judgment, usually affecting the
real concerns of life. Or, in other words, it is an erroneous
view of something which exists indeed, but has by no means the
qualities or attributes ascribed to it. Thus we speak of the
illusions of fancy, the illusions of hope,
illusive prospects, illusive appearances,
etc. In like manner, we speak of the delusions of
stockjobbing, the delusions of honorable men,
delusive appearances in trade, of being
deluded by a seeming excellence.
\'bdA fanatic, either religious or political, is the subject of
strong delusions; while the term illusion
is applied solely to the visions of an uncontrolled imagination,
the chimerical ideas of one blinded by hope, passion, or
credulity, or lastly, to spectral and other ocular deceptions, to
which the word delusion is never applied.\'b8
Whately.
De*lu"sion*al (?), a. Of or
pertaining to delusions; as, delusional
monomania.
De*lu"sive (?), a. [See
Delude.] Apt or fitted to delude; tending to
mislead the mind; deceptive; beguiling; delusory; as,
delusive arts; a delusive dream.
Delusive and unsubstantial ideas.
Whewell.
-- De*lu"sive*ly, adv. --
De*lu"sive*ness, n.
De*lu"so*ry (?) a. Delusive;
fallacious.
Glanvill.
Delve (?) v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Delved (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Delving.]
[AS. delfan to dig; akin to OS.
bidelban to bury, D. delven to dig, MHG.
telben, and possibly to E. dale. Cf.
Delf a mine.]
1. To dig; to open (the ground) as with a
spade.
Delve of convenient depth your thrashing
floo//
Dryden.
2. To dig into; to penetrate; to trace out; to
fathom.
I can not delve him to the root.
Shak.
Delve, v. i. To dig or labor with a
spade, or as with a spade; to labor as a drudge.
Delve may I not: I shame to beg.
Wyclif (Luke xvi. 3).
Delve, n. [See Delve, v.
t., and cf. Delf a mine.] A place dug;
a pit; a ditch; a den; a cave.
Which to that shady delve him brought at
last////
///penser.
The very tigers from their delves
Look out.
Moore.
Delv"er (?), n. One who digs,
as with a spade.
De*mag"net*ize (?), v. t.
1. To deprive of magnetic properties. See
Magnetize.
If the bar be rapidly magnetized and
demagnetized.
A. Cyc.
2. To free from mesmeric influence; to demesmerize.
-- De*mag`net*i*za"tion, n.
-- De*mag"net*i`zer (#),
n.
Dem"a*gog (?; 115), n.
Demagogue.
{ Dem`a*gog"ic (?),
Dem`a*gog"ic*al (?), } a.
[Gr. /: cf. F. d\'82magogique.]
Relating to, or like, a demagogue; factious.
Dem"a*gog*ism (?; 115), n. The
practices of a demagogue.
Dem"a*gogue (?; 115), n. [Gr.
/ a popular leader; commonly in a bad sense, a leader of the
mob; / the people + / leading, fr. / to lead; akin to E.
act: cf. F. d\'82magogue.] A
leader of the rabble; one who attempts to control the multitude
by specious or deceitful arts; an unprincipled and factious mob
orator or political leader.
Dem"a*gog`y (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82magogie, Gr. / leadership of the people.]
Demagogism.
De*main" (?), n. [See
Demesne.]
1. Rule; management. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
2. (Law) See Demesne.
De*mand" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Demanded; p.
pr. & vb. n. Demanding.] [F.
demander, LL. demandare to demand, summon,
send word, fr. L. demandare to give in charge,
intrust; de- + mandare to commit to one's
charge, commission, order, command. Cf. Mandate,
Commend.]
1. To ask or call for with authority; to claim or
seek from, as by authority or right; to claim, as something due;
to call for urgently or peremptorily; as, to demand
a debt; to demand obedience.
This, in our foresaid holy father's name,
Pope Innocent, I do demand of thee.
Shak.
2. To inquire authoritatively or earnestly; to ask,
esp. in a peremptory manner; to question.
I did demand what news from Shrewsbury.
Shak.
3. To require as necessary or useful; to be in
urgent need of; hence, to call for; as, the case
demands care.
4. (Law) To call into court; to
summon.
Burrill.
De*mand", v. i. To make a demand; to
inquire.
The soldiers likewise demanded of him, saying, And
what shall we do?
Luke iii. 14.
De*mand", n. [F. demande, fr.
demander. See Demand, v. t.]
1. The act of demanding; an asking with authority;
a peremptory urging of a claim; a claiming or challenging as due;
requisition; as, the demand of a creditor; a note
payable on demand.
The demand [is] by the word of the holy ones.
Dan. iv. 17.
He that has confidence to turn his wishes into
demands will be but a little way from thinking he
ought to obtain them.
Locke.
2. Earnest inquiry; question; query.
Shak.
3. A diligent seeking or search; manifested want;
desire to posses; request; as, a demand for certain
goods; a person's company is in great demand.
In 1678 came forth a second edition [Pilgrim's Progress] with
additions; and the demand became immense.
Macaulay.
4. That which one demands or has a right to demand;
thing claimed as due; claim; as, demands on an
estate.
5. (Law) (a) The asking or
seeking for what is due or claimed as due. (b)
The right or title in virtue of which anything may be
claimed; as, to hold a demand against a
person. (c) A thing or amount claimed to
be due.
De*mand"a*ble (?), a. That may
be demanded or claimed. \'bdAll sums
demandable.\'b8
Bacon.
De*mand"ant (?) n. [F.
demandant, p. pr. of demander.]
One who demands; the plaintiff in a real action; any
plaintiff.
De*mand"er (?), n. One who
demands.
De*mand"ress (?), n. A woman
who demands.
De*man"toid (?), n. [G.
demant diamond + -oid.]
(Min.) A yellow-green, transparent variety of
garnet found in the Urals. It is valued as a gem because of its
brilliancy of luster, whence the name.
De*mar"cate (?), v. t. [See
Demarcation.] To mark by bounds; to set the
limits of; to separate; to discriminate.
Wilkinson.
De`mar*ca"tion (?), n. [F.
d\'82marcation; pref. d\'82- (L.
de) + marquer to mark, of German origin.
See Mark.] The act of marking, or of
ascertaining and setting a limit; separation; distinction.
The speculative line of demarcation, where
obedience ought to end and resistance must begin, is faint,
obscure, and not easily definable.
Burke.
De*march" (?), n. [F.
d\'82marche. See March, n.]
March; walk; gait. [Obs.]
De*march (?), n. [Gr. /; /
people + / to rule.] A chief or ruler of a deme or
district in Greece.
De`mar*ka"tion, n. Same as
Demarcation.
De`ma*te"ri*al*ize (?), v. t.
To deprive of material or physical qualities or
characteristics.
Dematerializing matter by stripping if of
everything which . . . has distinguished matter.
Milman.
Deme (?), n. [Gr. /.]
1. (Gr. Antiq.) A territorial
subdivision of Attica (also of modern Greece), corresponding to a
township.
Jowett (Thucyd).
2. (Biol.) An undifferentiated aggregate
of cells or plastids.
De*mean" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Demeaned
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Demeaning.] [OF. demener to
conduct, guide, manage, F. se d\'82mener to
struggle/ pref. d\'82- (L. de) +
mener to lead, drive, carry on, conduct, fr. L.
minare to drive animals by threatening cries, fr.
minari to threaten. See Menace.]
1. To manage; to conduct; to treat.
[Our] clergy have with violence demeaned the
matter.
Milton.
2. To conduct; to behave; to comport; -- followed
by the reflexive pronoun.
They have demeaned themselves
Like men born to renown by life or death.
Shak.
They answered . . . that they should demean
themselves according to their instructions.
Clarendon.
<-- p. 388 -->
3. To debase; to lower; to degrade; -- followed by
the reflexive pronoun.
Her son would demean himself by a marriage with an
artist's daughter.
Thackeray.
mean.
De*mean" (?), n. [OF.
demene. See Demean, v. t.]
1. Management; treatment. [Obs.]
Vile demean and usage bad.
Spenser.
2. Behavior; conduct; bearing; demeanor.
[Obs.]
With grave demean and solemn vanity.
West.
De*mean", n. [See
Demesne.]
1. Demesne. [Obs.]
2. pl. Resources; means.
[Obs.]
You know
How narrow our demeans are.
Massinger.
De*mean"ance (?), n.
Demeanor. [Obs.]
Skelton.
De*mean"or (?), n. [Written
also demeanour.] [For
demeanure, fr. demean. See Demean,
v. t.]
1. Management; treatment; conduct.
[Obs.]
God commits the managing so great a trust . . . wholly to the
demeanor of every grown man.
Milton.
2. Behavior; deportment; carriage; bearing;
mien.
His demeanor was singularly pleasing.
Macaulay.
The men, as usual, liked her artless kindness and simple
refined demeanor.
Thackeray.
De*mean"ure (?), n.
Behavior. [Obs.]
Spenser.
De"men*cy (?), n. [L.
dementia, fr. demens mad. See
Dement.] Dementia; loss of mental powers. See
Insanity.
De*ment" (?), v. t. [L.
dementare, fr. demens, -mentis,
out of one's mind, mad; de + mens mind. See
Mental, and cf. Dementate.] To
deprive of reason; to make mad. [R.]
Bale.
De*ment", a. [L. demens,
-mentis.] Demented; dementate.
[R.]
J. H. Newman.
De*men"tate (?), a. [L.
dementatus, p. p. See Dement, v.
t.] Deprived of reason.
Arise, thou dementate sinner!
Hammond.
De*men"tate (?) v. t. To
deprive of reason; to dement. [R.]
Burton.
De`men*ta"tion (?), n. The act
of depriving of reason; madness.
Whitlock.
De*ment"ed (?), a. [From
Dement.] Insane; mad; of unsound mind.
-- De*ment"ed*ness, n.
\'d8De*men"ti*a (?), n. [L.,
fr. demens. See Dement.] Insanity;
madness; esp. that form which consists in weakness or total loss
of thought and reason; mental imbecility; idiocy.
De*meph"i*tize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Demephitized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Demephitizing.] [Cf. F.
m\'82phitiser to infect with
mephitis.] To purify from mephitic.
-- De*meph`i*ti*za"tion,
n.
De*merge" (?), v. t. [L.
demergere.] To plunge down into; to sink;
to immerse. [Obs.]
The water in which it was demerged.
Boyle.
De*mer"it (?), n. [F.
d\'82m\'82rite demerit (in sense 2), OF.
demerite demerit (in sense 1), fr. L.
demerere to deserve well, LL., to deserve well or ill;
de- + merere to deserve. See De-,
and Merit.]
1. That which one merits or deserves, either of
good or ill; desert. [Obs.]
By many benefits and demerits whereby they obliged
their adherents, [they] acquired this reputation.
Holland.
2. That which deserves blame; ill desert; a fault;
a vice; misconduct; -- the opposite of merit.
They see no merit or demerit in any man or any
action.
Burke.
Secure, unless forfeited by any demerit or
offense.
Sir W. Temple.
3. The state of one who deserves ill.
De*mer"it, v. t. [Cf. F.
d\'82m\'82riter to deserve ill. See Demerit,
n.]
1. To deserve; -- said in reference to both praise
and blame. [Obs.]
If I have demerited any love or thanks.
Udall.
Executed as a traitor . . . as he well
demerited.
State Trials (1645).
2. To depreciate or cry down.
[R.]
Bp. Woolton.
De*mer"it, v. i. To deserve praise or
blame.
De*merse" (?), v. t. [L.
demersus, p. p. of demergere. See
Merge.] To immerse. [Obs.]
Boyle.
De*mersed" (?), a. (Bot.)
Situated or growing under water, as leaves; submersed.
De*mer"sion (?) n. [L.
demersio.]
1. The act of plunging into a fluid; a
drowning.
2. The state of being overwhelmed in water, or as
if in water.
Ray.
De*mes"mer*ize (?), v. t. To
relieve from mesmeric influence. See Mesmerize.
De*mesne" (?), n. [OE.
demeine, demain, rule, demesne, OF.
demeine, demaine, demeigne,
domaine, power, F. domaine domain, fr. L.
dominium property, right of ownership, fr.
dominus master, proprietor, owner. See Dame,
and cf. DEmain, Domain, Danger,
Dungeon.] (Law) A lord's chief
manor place, with that part of the lands belonging thereto which
has not been granted out in tenancy; a house, and the land
adjoining, kept for the proprietor's own use.
[Written also demain.]
Wharton's Law Dict. Burrill.
Ancient demesne. (Eng. Law) See
under Ancient.
De*mesn"i*al (?), a. Of or
pertaining to a demesne; of the nature of a demesne.
Dem"i- (?). [F. demi-, fr. L.
dimidius half; di- = dis- +
medius middle. See Medium, and cf.
Demy, Dimidiate.] A prefix,
signifying half.
De*mi" (?), n. See
Demy, n.
Dem"i*bas"tion (?; 106), n.
[Cf. F. demi-bastion.] (Fort.)
A half bastion, or that part of a bastion consisting of one
face and one flank.
Dem"i*bri*gade" (?), n. [Cf. F.
demi-brigade.] A half brigade.
Dem"i*ca`dence (?) n.
(Mus.) An imperfect or half cadence, falling on
the dominant instead of on the key note.
Dem"i*can"non (?), n. (Mil.
Antiq.) A kind of ordnance, carrying a ball weighing
from thirty to thirty-six pounds.
Shak.
Dem"i*cir`cle (?), n. [Cf. F.
demi-cercle.] An instrument for measuring
angles, in surveying, etc. It resembles / protractor, but has
an alidade, sights, and a compass.
Dem"i*cul"ver*in (?), n. (Mil.
Antiq.) A kind of ordnance, carrying a ball weighing
from nine to thirteen pounds.
Dem"i*de"i*fy (?) v. t. To
deify in part.
Cowper.
Dem"i*dev`il (?), n. A half
devil.
Shak.
Dem"i*god (?), n. A half god,
or an inferior deity; a fabulous hero, the offspring of a deity
and a mortal.
Dem"i*god`dess (?), n. A female
demigod.
Dem"i*gorge` (?), n. [Cf. F.
demi-gorge.] (Fort.) Half the
gorge, or entrance into a bastion, taken from the angle of the
flank to the center of the bastion.
Dem"i*grate (?), v. i. [L.
demigrare, demigratum, to emigrate. See
De-, and Migrate.] To
emigrate. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
Dem`i*gra"tion (?) n. [L.
demigratio.] Emigration.
[Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
Dem"i*groat` (?), n. A half
groat.
Dem"i-is`and (?), n.
Peninsula. [Obs.]
Knolles.
Dem"i*john (?), n. [F.
dame-jeanne, i. e., Lady Jane, a corruption of Ar.
damaj\'bena, damj\'bena, prob. fr.
Damaghan a town in the Persian province of Khorassan,
one famous for its glass works.] A glass vessel or
bottle with a large body and small neck, inclosed in
wickerwork.
Dem"i*lance` (?), n. A light
lance; a short spear; a half pike; also, a demilancer.
Dem"i*lan`cer (?), n. A soldier
of light cavalry of the 16th century, who carried a
demilance.
Dem"i*lune` (?), n. [F.
demi-lune.]
1. (Fort.) A work constructed beyond the
main ditch of a fortress, and in front of the curtain between two
bastions, intended to defend the curtain; a ravelin. See
Ravelin.
2. (Physiol.) A crescentic mass of
granular protoplasm present in the salivary glands.
Dem"i*man` (?), n. A half
man. [R.]
Knolles.
Dem`i*monde" (?), n. [F.;
demi + monde world, L. mundus.]
Persons of doubtful reputation; esp., women who are kept as
mistresses, though not public prostitutes; demireps.
Literary demimonde, writers of the lowest
kind.
Dem"i*na"tured (?; 135), a.
Having half the nature of another. [R.]
Shak.
Dem"i*qua`ver (?), n.
(Mus.) A note of half the length of the quaver; a
semiquaver. [R.]
{ Dem`i*re*lief" (?),
Dem`i*re*lie"vo (?), } n.
Half relief. See Demi-rilievo.
Dem"*rep` (?), n. [Contr. fr.
demi-reputation.] A woman of doubtful
reputation or suspected character; an adventuress.
[Colloq.]
De Quincey.
\'d8Dem"i-ri*lie"vo (?), n.
[Pref. demi- + It. rilievo.]
(Fine Arts) (a) Half relief; sculpture
in relief of which the figures project from the background by one
half their full roundness. (b) A work of
sculpture of the above character. See
Alto-rilievo.
De*mis`a*bil"i*ty (?), n.
(Law) The state of being demisable.
De*mis"a*ble (?), a. [From
Demise.] (Law) Capable of being
leased; as, a demisable estate.
De*mise" (?), n. [F.
d\'82mettre, p. p. d\'82mis,
d\'82mise, to put away, lay down; pref.
d\'82- (L. de or dis-) +
mettre to put, place, lay, fr. L. mittere
to send. See Mission, and cf. Dismiss,
Demit.]
1. Transmission by formal act or conveyance to an
heir or successor; transference; especially, the transfer or
transmission of the crown or royal authority to a
successor.
2. The decease of a royal or princely person;
hence, also, the death of any illustrious person.
After the demise of the Queen [of George II.], in
1737, they [drawing-rooms] were held but twice a week.
P. Cunningham.
3. (Law) The conveyance or transfer of
an estate, either in fee for life or for years, most commonly the
latter.
Bouvier.
demise of the crown is a transfer of
the crown, royal authority, or kingdom, to a successor. Thus,
when Edward IV. was driven from his throne for a few months by
the house of Lancaster, this temporary transfer of his dignity
was called a demise. Thus the natural death of a king
or queen came to be denominated a demise, as by that
event the crown is transferred to a successor.
Blackstone.
Demise and redemise, a conveyance where there
are mutual leases made from one to another of the same land, or
something out of it.
Syn. -- Death; decease; departure. See Death.
De*mise", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Demised (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Demising.]
1. To transfer or transmit by succession or
inheritance; to grant or bestow by will; to bequeath.
\'bdPower to demise my lands.\'b8
Swift.
What honor
Canst thou demise to any child of mine?
Shak.
2. To convey; to give. [R.]
His soul is at his conception demised to him.
Hammond.
3. (Law) To convey, as an estate, be
lease; to lease.
Dem`i*sem"i*qua`ver (?), /. n.
(Mus.) A short note, equal in time to the half of
a semiquaver, or the thirty-second part of a whole note.
De*miss" (?), a. [L.
demissus, p. p. of demittere.]
Cast down; humble; submissive. [Obs.]
He down descended like a most demiss
And abject thrall.
Spenser.
De*mis"sion (?), n. [L.
demissio, fr. demittere. See
Demit.]
1. The act of demitting, or the state of being
demitted; a letting down; a lowering; dejection.
\'bdDemission of mind.\'b8
Hammond.
Demission of sovereign authority.
L'Estrange.
2. Resignation of an office.
[Scot.]
De*mis"sion*a*ry (?), a.
1. Pertaining to transfer or conveyance; as, a
demissionary deed.
2. Tending to lower, depress, or degrade.
De*miss"ive (?), a. [See
Demiss.] Downcast; submissive; humble.
[R.]
They pray with demissive eyelids.
Lord (1630).
De*miss"ly, adv. In a humble
manner. [Obs.]
Dem"i*suit` (?), n. (Mil.
Antiq.) A suit of light armor covering less than the
whole body, as having no protection for the legs below the
things, no vizor to the helmet, and the like.
De*mit" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Demitted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Demitting.] [L.
demittere to send or bring down, to lower;
de- + mittere to send. Cf.
Demise.]
1. To let fall; to depress. [R.]
They [peacocks] demit and let fall the same [i.
e., their train].
Sir T. Browne.
2. To yield or submit; to humble; to lower; as,
to demit one's self to humble duties.
[R.]
3. To lay down, as an office; to resign.
[Scot.]
General Conway demitted his office.
Hume.
Dem"i*tint` (?), n. (Fine
Arts) (a) That part of a painting, engraving,
or the like, which is neither in full darkness nor full
light. (b) The shade itself; neither the
darkest nor the lightest in a composition. Also called half
tint.
Dem"i*tone` (?), n.
(Mus.) Semitone. [R.]
Dem"i*urge (?), n. [Gr.
dhmioyrgo`s a worker for the people, a workman,
especially the marker of the world, the Creator;
dh`mios belonging to the people (fr. dh^mos
the people) + 'e`rgon a work.]
1. (Gr. Antiq.) The chief magistrate in
some of the Greek states.
2. God, as the Maker of the world.
3. According to the Gnostics, an agent or one
employed by the Supreme Being to create the material universe and
man.
Dem`i*ur"gic (?), a. [Gr.
/.] Pertaining to a demiurge; formative;
creative. \'bdDemiurgic power.\'b8
De Quincey.
Dem"*vill` (?), n. (Old
Law) A half -vill, consisting of five freemen or
frankpledges.
Blackstone.
Dem"i*volt` (?), n. [Cf. F.
demi-volte.] (Man.) A half
vault; one of the seven artificial motions of a horse, in which
he raises his fore legs in a particular manner.
Dem"i*wolf` (?), n. A half
wolf; a mongrel dog, between a dog and a wolf.
De*mob`i*li*za"tion (?), n.
[Cf. F. d\'82mobilisation. See
Mobilization.] (Mil.) The
disorganization or disarming of troops which have previously been
mobilized or called into active service; the change from a war
footing to a peace footing.
De*mob"i*lize (?), v. t. [Cf.
F. d\'82mobiliser.] (Mil.) To
disorganize, or disband and send home, as troops which have been
mobilized.
De*moc"ra*cy (?), n.; pl.
Democracies (#). [F.
d\'82mocratie, fr. Gr. dhmokrati`a;
dh^mos the people + kratei^n to be strong,
to rule, kra`tos strength.]
1. Government by the people; a form of government
in which the supreme power is retained and directly exercised by
the people.
2. Government by popular representation; a form of
government in which the supreme power is retained by the people,
but is indirectly exercised through a system of representation
and delegated authority periodically renewed; a constitutional
representative government; a republic.
3. Collectively, the people, regarded as the source
of government.
Milton.
4. The principles and policy of the Democratic
party, so called. [U.S.]
Dem"o*crat (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82mocrate.]
1. One who is an adherent or advocate of democracy,
or government by the people.
Whatever they call him, what care I,
Aristocrat, democrat, autocrat.
Tennyson.
2. A member of the Democratic party.
[U.S.]
Dem`o*crat"ic (?), a. [Gr. /:
cf. F. d\'82mocratique.]
1. Pertaining to democracy; favoring democracy, or
constructed upon the principle of government by the people.
2. Relating to a political party so called.
3. Befitting the common people; -- opposed to
aristocratic.
The Democratic party, the name of one of the
chief political parties in the United States.
Dem`o*crat"ic*al (?), a.
Democratic.
The democratical was democratically received.
Algernon Sidney.
Dem`o*crat"ic*al*ly, adv. In a
democratic manner.
De*moc"ra*tism (?), n. The
principles or spirit of a democracy. [R.]
De*moc"ra*tist (?), n. A
democrat. [R.]
Burke.
De*moc"ra*tize (?) v. t. To
render democratic.
De*moc"ra*ty (?), n.
Democracy. [Obs.]
Milton.
<-- p. 389 -->
De`mo*gor"gon (?), n. [First
me//// <-- ##***NOTE: -- several lines missing from
original, which is torn here! ** --> the scholiast,
//////////, deity + gorgo`s
fierce, //] , A mysterious, terrible, and evil
divinity, regarded by some as the author of creation, by others
as a great magician who was supposed to command the spirits of
the lower world. See Gorgon.
Orcus and Ades, and the dreaded name
Of Demogorgon.
Milton.
De*mog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. /
the people + -graphy.] The study of races,
as to births, marriages, mortality, health, etc. --
Dem`o*graph"ic, a.
\'d8De`moi`selle" (?), n. [F.
See Damsel.]
1. A young lady; a damsel; a lady's maid.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The Numidian crane
(Antropoides virgo); -- so called on account of the
grace and symmetry of its form and movements.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A beautiful, small dragon
fly of the genus Agrion.
De*mol"ish (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Demolished
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Demolishing.] [F.
d\'82molir, fr. L. demoliri, p. p.
demolitus; de- + moliri to set a
thing in motion, to work, construct, from moles a huge
mass or structure. See Mole a mound, and
Finish.] To throw or pull down; to raze; to
destroy the fabric of; to pull to pieces; to ruin; as, to
demolish an edifice, or a wall.
I expected the fabric of my book would long since have been
demolished, and laid even with the ground.
Tillotson.
Syn. -- To Demolish, Overturn,
Destroy, Dismantle, Raze. That is
overturned or overthrown which had stood
upright; that is destroyed whose component parts are scattered;
that is demolished which had formed a mass or
structure; that is dismantled which is stripped of its
covering, as a vessel of its sails, or a fortress of its
bastions, etc.; that is razed which is brought down
smooth, and level to the ground. An ancient pillar is
overturned or overthrown as the result of
decay; as city is destroyed by an invasion of its
enemies; a monument, the walls of a castle, a church, or any
structure, real or imaginary, may be demolished; a
fortress may be dismantled from motives of prudence,
in order to render it defenseless; a city may be razed
by way of punishment, and its ruins become a memorial of
vengeance.
De*mol"ish`er (?), n. One who,
or that which, demolishes; as, a demolisher of
towns.
De*mol"ish*ment (?), n.
Demolition.
Dem`o*li"tion (?; 277), n. [L.
demolitio, fr. demoliri: cf. F.
d\'82molition. See Demolish.] The
act of overthrowing, pulling down, or destroying a pile or
structure; destruction by violence; utter overthrow; -- opposed
to construction; as, the demolition of a
house, of military works, of a town, or of hopes.
Dem`o*li"tion*ist, n. A
demolisher. [R.]
Carlyle.
De"mon (?), n. [F.
d\'82mon, L. daemon a spirit, an evil
spirit, fr. Gr. / a divinity; of uncertain origin.]
1. (Gr. Antiq.) A spirit, or immaterial
being, holding a middle place between men and deities in pagan
mythology.
The demon kind is of an in///mediate nature
between the divine and the human.
Sydenham.
2. One's genius; a tutelary spirit or internal
voice; as, the demon of Socrates.
[Often written d\'91mon.]
3. An evil spirit; a devil.
That same demon that hath gulled thee thus.
Shak.
De"mon*ess (?), n. A female
demon.
De*mon`e*ti*za"tion (?), n. The
act of demonetizing, or the condition of being demonetized.
De*mon"e*tize (?; see Monetary),
v. t. To deprive of current value; to withdraw
from use, as money.
They [gold mohurs] have been completely demonetized
by the [East India] Company.
R. Cobden.
{ De*mo"ni*ac (?), Dem`o*ni"a*cal
(?; 277), } a. [L.
daemoniacus, fr. daemon; cf. F.
d\'82moniaque. See Demon.]
1. Pertaining to, or characteristic of, a demon or
evil spirit; devilish; as, a demoniac being;
demoniacal practices.
Sarcastic, demoniacal laughter.
Thackeray.
2. Influenced or produced by a demon or evil
spirit; as, demoniac or demoniacal
power. \'bdDemoniac frenzy.\'b8
Milton.
De*mo"ni*ac (?), n.
1. A human being possessed by a demon or evil
spirit; one whose faculties are directly controlled by a
demon.
The demoniac in the gospel was sometimes cast into
the fire.
Bates.
2. (Eccl. Hist.) One of a sect of
Anabaptists who maintain that the demons or devils will finally
be saved.
Dem`o*ni"a*cal*ly (?), adv. In
a demoniacal manner.
Dem`o*ni"a*cism (?), n. The
state of being demoniac, or the practices of demoniacs.
De*mo"ni*al (?), a. Of or
pertaining to a demon. [Obs.]
Cudworth.
De*mo"ni*an (?), a. Relating
to, or having the nature of, a demon.
\'bdDemonian spirits.\'b8
Milton.
De*mo"ni*an*ism (?), n. The
state of being possessed by a demon or by demons.
De*mo"ni*asm (?), n. See
Demonianism. [R.]
De*mo"nic (?), a. [L.
daemonicus, Gr. daimoniko`s.] Of
or pertaining to a demon or to demons; demoniac.
\'bdDemonic ambushes.\'b8
Lowell.
De"mon*ism (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82monisme.] The belief in demons or
false gods.
The established theology of the heathen world . . . rested
upon the basis of demonism.
Farmer.
De"mon*ist, n. A believer in, or
worshiper of, demons.
De"mon*ize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Demonized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Demonizing.] [Cf. LL.
daemonizare to be possessed by a demon, Gr.
/.]
1. To convert into a demon; to infuse the
principles or fury of a demon into.
2. To control or possess by a demon.
De`mon*oc"ra*cy (?), n. [Gr.
dai`mwn demon + kra`tos strength: cf. F.
d\'82monocratie.] The power or government
of demons.
A demonocracy of unclean spirits.
H. Taylor.
De`mon*og"ra*pher (?), n.
[Demon + -graph +
-er.] A demonologist.
[R.]
Am. Cyc.
De`mon*ol"a*try (?), n. [Gr.
dai`mwn demon + latrei`a worship, / to
serve, worship: cf. F. d\'82monol\'83trie.]
The worship of demons.
De`mon*ol"o*ger (?), n. One
versed in demonology.
R. North.
{ De`mon*o*log"ic (?),
De`mon*o*log"ic*al (?), } a.
[Cf. F. d\'82monologique.] Of or
Pertaining to demonology.
De`mon*ol"o*gist (?), n. One
who writes on, or is versed in, demonology.
De`mon*ol"o*gy (?; 277), n.
[Demon + -logy: cf. F.
d\'82monologie.] A treatise on demons; a
supposititious science which treats of demons and their
manifestations.
Sir W. Scott.
De`mon*om"a*gy (?), n. [Gr.
dai`mwn demon + magic.] Magic in which the
aid of demons is invoked; black or infernal magic.
Bp. Hurd.
De*mon`o*ma"ni*a (?), n.
[Demon + mania.] A form of
madness in which the patient conceives himself possessed of
devils.
De*mon"o*mist (?) n. One in
subjection to a demon, or to demons. [R.]
Sir T. Herbert.
De*mon"o*my (?), n. [Gr. /
demon + / law.] The dominion of demons.
[R.]
Sir T. Herbert.
De"mon*ry (?), n. Demoniacal
influence or possession.
J. Baillie.
De"mon*ship, n. The state of a
demon.
Mede.
De*mon`stra*bil"i*ty (?), n.
The quality of being demonstrable; demonstrableness.
De*mon"stra*ble (?), a. [L.
demonstrabilis: cf. OF. demonstrable, F.
d\'82montrable.]
1. Capable of being demonstrated; that can be
proved beyond doubt or question.
The grand articles of our belief are as
demonstrable as geometry.
Glanvill.
2. Proved; apparent. [Obs.]
Shak.
De*mon"stra*ble*ness, n. The quality of
being demonstrable; demonstrability.
De*mon"stra*bly, adv. In a demonstrable
manner; incontrovertibly; clearly.
Cases that demonstrably concerned the public
cause.
Clarendon.
De*mon"strance (?), n. [OF.
demonstrance.] Demonstration; proof.
[Obs.]
Holland.
Dem"on*strate (?; 277), v. t.
[L. demonstratus, p. p. of demonstrare
to demonstrate; de- + monstrare to show.
See Monster.]
1. To point out; to show; to exhibit; to make
evident.
Shak.
2. To show, or make evident, by reasoning or proof;
to prove by deduction; to establish so as to exclude the
possibility of doubt or denial.
We can not demonstrate these things so as to show
that the contrary often involves a contradiction.
Tillotson.
3. (Anat.) To exhibit and explain (a
dissection or other anatomical preparation).
Dem"on*stra`ter, n. See
Demonstrator.
Dem`on*stra"tion (?), n. [L.
demonstratio: cf. F.
d\'82monstration.]
1. The act of demonstrating; an exhibition; proof;
especially, proof beyond the possibility of doubt; indubitable
evidence, to the senses or reason.
Those intervening ideas which serve to show the agreement of
any two others are called \'bdproofs;\'b8 and where agreement or
disagreement is by this means plainly and clearly perceived, it
is called demonstration.
Locke.
2. An expression, as of the feelings, by outward
signs; a manifestation; a show.
Did your letters pierce the queen to any
demonstration of grief?
Shak.
Loyal demonstrations toward the prince.
Prescott.
3. (Anat.) The exhibition and
explanation of a dissection or other anatomical
preparation.
4. (Mil.) a decisive exhibition of force, or a
movement indicating an attack.
5. (Logic) The act of proving by the
syllogistic process, or the proof itself.
6. (Math.) A course of reasoning showing
that a certain result is a necessary consequence of assumed
premises; -- these premises being definitions, axioms, and
previously established propositions.
Direct, Positive,
demonstration (Logic & Math.),
one in which the correct conclusion is the immediate sequence
of reasoning from axiomatic or established premises; --
opposed to Indirect, Negative,
demonstration (called also
reductio ad absurdum), in which the correct
conclusion is an inference from the demonstration that any other
hypothesis must be incorrect.
De*mon"stra*tive (?), a. [F.
d\'82monstratif, L. demonstrativus.]
1. Having the nature of demonstration; tending to
demonstrate; making evident; exhibiting clearly or
conclusively. \'bdDemonstrative figures.\'b8
Dryden.
An argument necessary and demonstrative.
Hooker.
2. Expressing, or apt to express, much; displaying
feeling or sentiment; as, her nature was
demonstrative.
3. Consisting of eulogy or of invective.
\'bdDemonstrative eloquence.\'b8
Blair.
Demonstrative pronoun (Gram.), a
pronoun distinctly designating that to which it refers.
De*mon"stra*tive, n. (Gram.)
A demonstrative pronoun; as, \'bdthis\'b8 and
\'bdthat\'b8 are demonstratives.
De*mon"stra*tive*ly (?), adv.
In a manner fitted to demonstrate; clearly; convincingly;
forcibly.
De*mon"stra*tive*ness, n. The state or
quality of being demonstrative.
Dem"on*stra`tor (?; 277), n.
[L.: cf. F. d\'82monstrateur.]
1. One who demonstrates; one who proves anything
with certainty, or establishes it by indubitable evidence.
2. (Anat.) A teacher of practical
anatomy.
De*mon"stra*to*ry (?), a.
Tending to demonstrate; demonstrative.
Johnson.
De*mor"age (?; 48), n.
Demurrage. [Obs.]
Pepys (1663).
De*mor`al*i*za"tion (?), n.
[Cf. F. d\'82moralisation.] The act of
corrupting or subverting morals. Especially: The act of
corrupting or subverting discipline, courage, hope, etc., or the
state of being corrupted or subverted in discipline, courage,
etc.; as, the demoralization of an army or
navy.
De*mor"al*ize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Demoralized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Demoralizing.] [F.
d\'82moraliser; pref. d\'82- (L.
dis- or de) + moraliser. See
Moralize.] To corrupt or undermine in morals;
to destroy or lessen the effect of moral principles on; to render
corrupt or untrustworthy in morals, in discipline, in courage,
spirit, etc.; to weaken in spirit or efficiency.
The demoralizing example of profligate power and
prosperous crime.
Walsh.
The vices of the nobility had demoralized the
army.
Bancroft.
Dem`os*then"ic (?), a. [L.
Demosthenicus: cf. F.
D\'82mosth\'82nique.] Pertaining to, or in
the style of, Demosthenes, the Grecian orator.
De*mot"ic (?), a. [Gr. /, fr.
/ the people: cf. F. d\'82motique.] Of
or pertaining to the people; popular; common.
Demotic alphabet character, a form of writing used in Egypt
after six or seven centuries before Christ, for books, deeds, and
other such writings; a simplified form of the hieratic character;
-- called also epistolographic character, and
enchorial character. See
Enchorial.
De*mount" (?), v. i. To
dismount. [R.]
Demp"ne (?) v. t. To damn; to
condemn. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
{ Demp"ster (?; 215), Dem"ster
(?), } n. [See
Deemster.]
1. A deemster.
2. (O. Scots Law) An officer whose duty
it was to announce the doom or sentence pronounced by the
court.
De*mulce" (?), v. t. [L.
demulcere; de- + mulcere to
stroke, soothe.] To soothe; to mollify; to pacify; to
soften. [R.]
Sir T. Elyot.
De*mul"cent (?), a. [L.
demulcens, p. pr. of demulcere.]
Softening; mollifying; soothing; assuasive; as, oil is
demulcent.
De*mul"cent, n. (Med.) A
substance, usually of a mucilaginous or oily nature, supposed to
be capable of soothing an inflamed nervous membrane, or
protecting i/ from irritation. Gum Arabic, glycerin, olive oil,
etc., are demulcents.
De*mul"sion (?), n. The act of
soothing; that which soothes.
Feltham.
De*mur" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Demurred
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Demurring.] [OF. demurer,
demorer, demourer, to linger, stay, F.
demeurer, fr. L. demorari; de- +
morari to delay, tarry, stay, mora delay;
prob. originally, time for thinking, reflection, and akin to
memor mindful. See Memory.]
1. To linger; to stay; to tarry.
[Obs.]
Yet durst not demur nor abide upon the camp.
Nicols.
2. To delay; to pause; to suspend proceedings or
judgment in view of a doubt or difficulty; to hesitate; to put
off the determination or conclusion of an affair.
Upon this rub, the English embassadors thought fit to
demur.
Hayward.
3. To scruple or object; to take exception; as,
I demur to that statement.
4. (Law) To interpose a demurrer. See
Demurrer, 2.
De*mur", v. t.
1. To suspend judgment concerning; to doubt of or
hesitate about. [Obs.]
The latter I demur, for in their looks
Much reason, and in their actions, oft appears.
Milton.
2. To cause delay to; to put off.
[Obs.]
He demands a fee,
And then demurs me with a vain delay.
Quarles.
De*mur", n. [OF. demor,
demore, stay, delay. See Demur, v.
i.] Stop; pause; hesitation as to proceeding;
suspense of decision or action; scruple.
All my demurs but double his attacks;
At last he whispers, \'bdDo; and we go snacks.\'b8
Pope.
De*mure" (?), a. [Perh. from
OF. de murs (i. e., de bonnes murs of good
manners); de of + murs, mours,
meurs, mors, F. m/urs, fr. L.
mores (sing. mos) manners, morals (see
Moral); or more prob. fr. OF. me\'81r, F.
m\'96r mature, ripe (see Mature) in a phrase
preceded by de, as de m\'96re conduite of
mature conduct.]
1. Of sober or serious mien; composed and decorous
in bearing; of modest look; staid; grave.
Sober, steadfast, and demure.
Milton.
Nan was very much delighted in her demure way, and
that delight showed itself in her face and in her clear bright
eyes.
W. Black.
2. Affectedly modest, decorous, or serious; making
a show of gravity.
A cat lay, and looked so demure, as if there had
been neither life nor soul in her.
L'Estrange.
Miss Lizzy, I have no doubt, would be as demure and
coquettish, as if ten winters more had gone over her head.
Miss Mitford.
De*mure", v. i. To look demurely.
[Obs.]
Shak.
De*mure"ly, adv. In a demure manner;
soberly; gravely; -- now, commonly, with a mere show of gravity
or modesty.
They . . . looked as demurely as they could; for 't
was a hanging matter to laugh unseasonably.
Dryden.
<-- p. 390 -->
De*mure"ness (?), n. The state
of being demure; gravity; the show of gravity or modesty.
De*mur"i*ty (?), n. Demureness;
also, one who is demure.
Sir T. Browne.
De*mur"ra*ble (?), a. That may
be demurred to.
Stormonth.
De*mur"rage (?), n. [Cf. OF.
demorage delay. See Demur.]
(Law) (a) The detention of a vessel by
the freighter beyond the time allowed in her charter party for
loading, unloading, or sailing. (b) The
allowance made to the master or owner of the ship for such delay
or detention.
The claim for demurrage ceases as soon as the ship
is cleared out and ready for sailing.
M\'bfCulloch.
De*mur"ral (?), n. Demur; delay
in acting or deciding.
The same causes of demurral existed which prevented
British troops from assisting in the expulsion of the French from
Rome.
Southey.
De*mur"rer (?), n.
1. One who demurs.
2. (Law) A stop or pause by a party to
an action, for the judgment of the court on the question,
whether, assuming the truth of the matter alleged by the opposite
party, it is sufficient in law to sustain the action or defense,
and hence whether the party resting is bound to answer or proceed
further.
Demurrer to evidence, an exception taken by a
party to the evidence offered by the opposite party, and an
objecting to proceed further, on the allegation that such
evidence is not sufficient in law to maintain the issue, and a
reference to the court to determine the point.
Bouvier.
De*my" (?), n.; pl.
Demies (#). [See
Demi-.]
1. A printing and a writing paper of particular
sizes. See under Paper.
2. A half fellow at Magdalen College, Oxford.
[Written also demi.]
He was elected into Magdalen College as a demy; a
term by which that society denominates those elsewhere called
\'bdscholars,\'b8 young men who partake of the founder's
benefaction, and succeed in their order to vacant
fellowships.
Johnson.
De*my", a. Pertaining to, or made of,
the size of paper called demy; as, a demy
book.
Den (?), n. [AS.
denn; perh. akin to G. tenne floor,
thrashing floor, and to AS. denu valley.]
1. A small cavern or hollow place in the side of a
hill, or among rocks; esp., a cave used by a wild beast for
shelter or concealment; as, a lion's den; a
den of robbers.
2. A squalid place of resort; a wretched dwelling
place; a haunt; as, a den of vice.
\'bdThose squalid dens, which are the reproach of
great capitals.\'b8
Addison.
3. Any snug or close retreat where one goes to be
alone. [Colloq.]
4. [AS. denu.] A narrow glen;
a ravine; a dell. [Old Eng. & Scotch]
Shak.
Den, v. i. To live in, or as in, a
den.
The sluggish salvages that den below.
G. Fletcher.
De*nar"co*tize (?), v. t. To
deprive of narcotine; as, to denarcotize
opium. -- De*nar`co*ti*za"tion
(#), n.
\'d8De*na"ri*us (?), n.; pl.
Denarii (#). [L. See 2d
Denier.] A Roman silver coin of the value of
about fourteen cents; the \'bdpenny\'b8 of the New Testament; --
so called from being worth originally ten of the
pieces called as.
Den"a*ry (?), a. [L.
denarius. See 2d Denier.]
Containing ten; tenfold; proceeding by tens; as, the
denary, or decimal, scale.
Den"a*ry, n.
1. The number ten; a division into ten.
2. A coin; the Anglicized form of
denarius.
Udall.
De*na`tion*al*i*za"tion (?), n.
[Cf. F. d\'82nationalisation.] The or
process of denationalizing.
De*na"tion*al*ize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Denationalized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Denationalizing.] [Cf. F.
d\'82nationaliser.] To divest or deprive of
national character or rights.
Bonaparte's decree denationalizes, as he calls it,
all ships that have touched at a British port.
Cobbett.
An expatriated, denationalized race.
G. Eliot.
De*nat"u*ral*ize (?; 135), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Denaturalized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Denaturalizing.] [Cf. F.
d\'82naturaliser.]
1. To render unnatural; to alienate from
nature.
2. To renounce the natural rights and duties of; to
deprive of citizenship; to denationalize. [R.]
They also claimed the privilege, when aggrieved, of
denaturalizing themselves, or, in other words, of
publicly renouncing their allegiance to their sovereign, and of
enlisting under the banners of his enemy.
Prescott.
De*nay" (?), v. t. [See
Deny.] To deny. [Obs.]
That with great rage he stoutly doth denay.
Spenser.
De*nay", n. Denial; refusal.
[Obs.]
Shak.
Den"dra*chate (?), n. [L.
dendrachates; Gr. / a tree + / agate: cf. F.
dendrachate, dendragate.]
(Min.) Arborescent or dendritic agate.
Den"dri*form (?), a. [Gr. /
tree + -form.] Resembling in structure a
tree or shrub.
Den"drite (?), n. [Gr. /,
fem. /, of a tree, fr. / a tree: cf. F.
dendrite.] (Min.) A stone or
mineral on or in which are branching figures resembling shrubs or
trees, produced by a foreign mineral, usually an oxide of
manganese, as in the moss agate; also, a crystallized mineral
having an arborescent form, e. g., gold or
silver; an arborization.
{ Den*drit"ic (?), Den*drit"ic*al
(?), } a. Pertaining to a
dendrite, or to arborescent crystallization; having a form
resembling a shrub or tree; arborescent.
\'d8Den`dro*c/"la (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / tree + / hollow.]
(Zo\'94l.) A division of the Turbellaria in which
the digestive cavity gives off lateral branches, which are often
divided into smaller branchlets.
{ Den"droid (?), Den*droid"al
(?), } a. [Gr. / treelike; /
tree + / form: cf. F. dendro\'8bde.]
Resembling a shrub or tree in form; treelike.
Den"dro*lite (?), n. [Gr. /
tree + -lite: cf. F. dendrolithe.]
(Paleon.) A petrified or fossil shrub, plant, or
part of a plant.
Den*drol"o*gist (?), n. One
versed in the natural history of trees.
Den*drol"o*gous (?), a.
Relating to dendrology.
Den*drol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. /
tree + -logy: cf. F. dendrologie.]
A discourse or treatise on trees; the natural history of
trees.
Den*drom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. /
tree + -meter: cf. F.
dendrom\'8atre.] An instrument to measure
the height and diameter of trees.
Den"e*gate (?), v. t. [L.
denegatus, p. p. of denegare. See
Deny.] To deny. [Obs.]
Den`e*ga"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82n\'82gation.] Denial.
[Obs.]
Den"gue (?), n. [See Note,
below.] (Med.) A specific epidemic disease
attended with high fever, cutaneous eruption, and severe pains in
the head and limbs, resembling those of rheumatism; -- called
also breakbone fever. It occurs in India,
Egypt, the West Indies, etc., is of short duration, and rarely
fatal.
dandy fever, from
the stiffness and constraint which it grave to the limbs and
body. The Spaniards of the neighboring islands mistook the term
for their word dengue, denoting prudery, which might
also well express stiffness, and hence the term dengue
became, as last, the name of the disease.
Tully.
De*ni"a*ble (?), a. [See
Deny.] Capable of being, or liable to be,
denied.
De*ni"al (?), n. [See
Deny.]
1. The act of gainsaying, refusing, or disowning;
negation; -- the contrary of affirmation.
You ought to converse with so much sincerity that your bare
affirmation or denial may be sufficient.
Bp. Stillingfleet.
2. A refusal to admit the truth of a statement,
charge, imputation, etc.; assertion of the untruth of a thing
stated or maintained; a contradiction.
3. A refusal to grant; rejection of a
request.
The commissioners, . . . to obtain from the king's subjects as
much as they would willingly give, . . . had not to complain of
many peremptory denials.
Hallam.
4. A refusal to acknowledge; disclaimer of
connection with; disavowal; -- the contrary of
confession; as, the denial of a fault
charged on one; a denial of God.
Denial of one's self, a declining of some
gratification; restraint of one's appetites or propensities;
self-denial.
De*ni"ance (?), n.
Denial. [Obs.]
E. Hall.
De*ni"er (?), n. One who
denies; as, a denier of a fact, or of the faith, or
of Christ.
\'d8De*nier" (?), n. [F.
denier, fr. L. denarius a Roman silver coin
orig. equiv. to ten asses, later, a copper, fr. deni
ten by ten, fr. the root of decem ten; akin to E.
ten. See Ten, and cf. Denary,
Dinar.] A small copper coin of insignificant
value.
My dukedom to a beggarly denier.
Shak.
Den"i*grate (?), v. t. [L.
denigrare; de- + nigrare to
blacken, niger black.]
1. To blacken thoroughly; to make very black.
Boyle.
2. Fig.: To blacken or sully; to defame.
[R.]
To denigrate the memory of Voltaire.
Morley.
Den`i*gra"tion (?), n. [L.
denigratio.]
1. The act of making black.
Boyle.
2. Fig.: A blackening; defamation.
The vigorous denigration of science.
Morley.
Den"i*gra`tor (?), n. One who,
or that which, blackens.
Den"im (?), n. [Of uncertain
origin.] A coarse cotton drilling used for overalls,
etc.
Den`i*tra"tion (?), n. [Pref.
de- + nitrate.] A disengaging,
or removal, of nitric acid.
De*ni`tri*fi*ca"tion (?), n.
The act or process of freeing from nitrogen; also, the
condition resulting from the removal of nitrogen.
De*ni"tri*fy (?), v. t. [Pref.
de- + nitrogen + -fy.]
To deprive of, or free from, nitrogen.
Den`i*za"tion (?), n. The act
of making one a denizen or adopted citizen; naturalization.
Hallam.
De*nize" (?), v. t. To make a
denizen; to confer the rights of citizenship upon; to
naturalize. [Obs.]
There was a private act made for denizing the
children of Richard Hill/.
Strype.
Den"i*zen (?), n. [OF.
denzein, deinzein, prop., one living (a
city or country); opposed to forain foreign, and fr.
denz within, F. dans, fr. L. de
intus, prop., from within, intus being from
in in. See In, and cf.
Foreign.]
1. A dweller; an inhabitant.
\'bdDenizens of air.\'b8
Pope.
Denizens of their own free, independent state.
Sir W. Scott.
2. One who is admitted by favor to all or a part of
the rights of citizenship, where he did not possess them by
birth; an adopted or naturalized citizen.
3. One admitted to residence in a foreign
country.
Ye gods,
Natives, or denizens, of blest abodes.
Dryden.
Den"i*zen, v. t.
1. To constitute (one) a denizen; to admit to
residence, with certain rights and privileges.
As soon as denizened, they domineer.
Dryden.
2. To provide with denizens; to populate with
adopted or naturalized occupants.
There [islets] were at once denizened by various
weeds.
J. D. Hooker.
Den`i*zen*a"tion (?), n.
Denization; denizening.
Abbott.
Den"i*zen*ize (?), v. t. To
constitute (one) a denizen; to denizen.
Abbott.
Den"i*zen*ship, n. State of being a
denizen.
Den"mark sat"in (?). See under
Satin.
Den"net (?), n. A light, open,
two-wheeled carriage for one horse; a kind of gig. (\'bdThe term
and vehicle common about 1825.\'b8 Latham.)
De*nom"i*na*ble (?), a. Capable
of being denominated or named.
Sir T. Browne.
De*nom"i*nate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Denominated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Denominating
(?).] [L. denominatus, p. p.
of denominare to name; de- +
nominare to call by name. See
Nominate.] To give a name to; to characterize
by an epithet; to entitle; to name; to designate.
Passions commonly denominating selfish.
Hume.
De*nom"i*nate (?), a. [L.
denominatus, p. p.] Having a specific name
or denomination; specified in the concrete as opposed to
abstract; thus, 7 feet is a denominate
quantity, while 7 is mere abstract quantity or number. See
Compound number, under Compound.
De*nom`i*na"tion (?), n. [L.
denominatio metonymy: cf. F.
d\'82nomination a naming.]
1. The act of naming or designating.
2. That by which anything is denominated or styled;
an epithet; a name, designation, or title; especially, a general
name indicating a class of like individuals; a category; as,
the denomination of units, or of thousands, or of
fourths, or of shillings, or of tons.
Those [qualities] which are classed under the
denomination of sublime.
Burke.
3. A class, or society of individuals, called by
the same name; a sect; as, a denomination of
Christians.
Syn. -- Name; appellation; title. See Name.
De*nom`i*na"tion*al (?), a.
Pertaining to a denomination, especially to a sect or
society. \'bdDenominational differences.\'b8
Buckle.
De*nom`i*na"tion*al*ism (?), n.
A denominational or class spirit or policy; devotion to the
interests of a sect or denomination.
De*nom`i*na"tion*al*ist, n. One imbued
with a denominational spirit.
The Century.
De*nom`i*na"tion*al*ly, adv. In a
denominational manner; by denomination or sect.
De*nom`i*na"tive (?), a. [Cf.
F. d\'82nominatif.]
1. Conferring a denomination or name.
2. (Logic) Connotative; as, a
denominative name.
3. Possessing, or capable of possessing, a distinct
denomination or designation; denominable.
The least denominative part of time is a
minute.
Cocker.
4. (Gram.) Derived from a substantive or
an adjective; as, a denominative verb.
De*nom`i*na"tive, n. A denominative name
or term; denominative verb.
Jer. Taylor. Harkness.
De*nom`i*na"tive*ly, adv. By
denomination.
De*nom"i*na`tor (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82nominateur.]
1. One who, or that which, gives a name; origin or
source of a name.
This opinion that Aram . . . was the father and
denomination of the Syrians in general.
Sir W. Raleigh.
2. (Arith.) That number placed below the
line in vulgar fractions which shows into how many parts the
integer or unit is divided.
denominator,
showing that the integer is divided into five parts; and the
numerator, 3, shows how many parts are taken.
3. (Alg.) That part of any expression
under a fractional form which is situated below the horizontal
line signifying division.
denominator is not
necessarily a number, but may be any expression, either positive
or negative, real or imaginary.
Davies & Peck (Math. Dict. )
De*not"a*ble (?), a. [From
Denote.] Capable of being denoted or
marked.
Sir T. Browne.
De*no"tate (?), v. t. [L.
denotatus, p. p. of denotare.]
To mark off; to denote. [Archaic]
These terms denotate a longer time.
Burton.
What things should be denotated and signified by
the color.
Urquhart.
De`no*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
denotatio: cf. F. d\'82notation.]
The marking off or separation of anything.
Hammond.
De*not"a*tive (?), a. Having
power to denote; designating or marking off.
Proper names are pre\'89minently denotative;
telling us that such as object has such a term to denote it, but
telling us nothing as to any single attribute.
Latham.
De*note" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Denoted; p. pr.
& vb. n. Denoting.] [L.
denotare; de- + notare to mark,
nota mark, sign, note: cf. F. d\'82noter.
See Note.]
1. To mark out plainly; to signify by a visible
sign; to serve as the sign or name of; to indicate; to point out;
as, the hands of the clock denote the
hour.
The better to denote her to the doctor.
Shak.
2. To be the sign of; to betoken; to signify; to
mean.
A general expression to denote wickedness of every
sort.
Gilpin.
De*note"ment (?), n. Sign;
indication. [R.]
De*not"ive (?), a. Serving to
denote.
\'d8D\'82`noue`ment" (?), n.
[F. d\'82nouement, fr. d\'82nouer to
untie; pref. d\'82- (L. dis-) +
nouer to tie, fr. L. nodus knot, perh. for
gnodus and akin to E. knot.]
1. The unraveling or discovery of a plot; the
catastrophe, especially of a drama or a romance.
2. The solution of a mystery; issue; outcome.
<-- p. 391 -->
De*nounce" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Denounced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Denouncing.] [F.
d\'82noncer, OF. denoncier, fr. L.
denuntiare, denunciare; de- +
nunciare, nuntiare, to announce, report,
nuntius a messenger, message. See Nuncio, and
cf. Denunciate.]
1. To make known in a solemn or official manner; to
declare; to proclaim (especially an evil).
[Obs.]
Denouncing wrath to come.
Milton.
I denounce unto you this day, that ye shall surely
perish.
Deut. xxx. 18.
2. To proclaim in a threatening manner; to threaten
by some outward sign or expression.
His look denounced desperate.
Milton.
3. To point out as deserving of reprehension or
punishment, etc.; to accuse in a threatening manner; to invoke
censure upon; to stigmatize.
Denounced for a heretic.
Sir T. More.
To denounce the immoralities of Julius
C\'91sar.
Brougham.
De*nounce"ment (?), n. [Cf. OF.
denoncement.] Solemn, official, or menacing
announcement; denunciation. [Archaic]
False is the reply of Cain, upon the denouncement
of his curse.
Sir T. Browne.
De*noun"cer (?) n. One who
denounces, or declares, as a menace.
Here comes the sad denouncer of my fate.
Dryden.
Dense (?), a. [L.
densus; akin to Gr. / thick with hair or leaves:
cf. F. dense.]
1. Having the constituent parts massed or crowded
together; close; compact; thick; containing much matter in a
small space; heavy; opaque; as, a dense crowd; a
dense forest; a dense fog.
All sorts of bodies, firm and fluid, dense and
rare.
Ray.
To replace the cloudy barrier dense.
Cowper.
2. Stupid; gross; crass; as, dense
ignorance.
Dense"ly, adv. In a dense, compact
manner.
Dense"less, n. The quality of being
dense; density.
Den*sim"e*ter (?), n. [L.
densus dense + -meter: cf. F.
densim\'8atre.] An instrument for
ascertaining the specific gravity or density of a
substance.
Den"si*ty (?), n. [L.
densitas; cf. F. densit\'82.]
1. The quality of being dense, close, or thick;
compactness; -- opposed to rarity.
2. (Physics) The ratio of mass, or
quantity of matter, to bulk or volume, esp. as compared with the
mass and volume of a portion of some substance used as a
standard.
specific gravity, and the
same is true of gases when referred to air as a standard.
3. (Photog.) Depth of shade.
Abney.
Dent (?), n. [A variant of
Dint.]
1. A stroke; a blow. [Obs.]
\'bdThat dent of thunder.\'b8
Chaucer.
2. A slight depression, or small notch or hollow,
made by a blow or by pressure; an indentation.
A blow that would have made a dent in a pound of
butter.
De Quincey.
Dent, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dented; p. pr. & vb. n.
Denting.] To make a dent upon; to
indent.
The houses dented with bullets.
Macaulay.
Dent, n. [F., fr. L. dens,
dentis, tooth. See Tooth.]
(Mach.) A tooth, as of a card, a gear wheel,
etc.
Knight.
Den"tal (?), a. [L.
dens, dentis, tooth: cf. F.
dental. See Tooth.]
1. Of or pertaining to the teeth or to dentistry;
as, dental surgery.
2. (Phon.) Formed by the aid of the
teeth; -- said of certain articulations and the letters
representing them; as, d t are dental
letters.
Dental formula (Zo\'94l.), a brief
notation used by zo\'94logists to denote the number and kind of
teeth of a mammal. -- Dental surgeon, a
dentist.
Den"tal, n. [Cf. F. dentale.
See Dental, a.]
1. An articulation or letter formed by the aid of
the teeth.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A marine mollusk of the
genus Dentalium, with a curved conical shell
resembling a tooth. See Dentalium.
Den"tal*ism (?), n. The quality
of being formed by the aid of the teeth.
\'d8Den*ta"li*um (?), n. [NL.,
fr. L. dens, dentis, tooth.]
(Zo\'94l.) A genus of marine mollusks belonging
to the Scaphopoda, having a tubular conical shell.
Den"ta*ry (?), a. (Anat.)
Pertaining to, or bearing, teeth. --
n. The distal bone of the lower jaw in
many animals, which may or may not bear teeth.
{ Den"tate (?), Den"ta*ted
(?), } a. [L. dentatus,
fr. dens, dentis, tooth.]
1. (Bot.) Toothed; especially, with the
teeth projecting straight out, not pointed either forward or
backward; as, a dentate leaf.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Having teeth or toothlike
points. See Illust. of Antenn\'91.
Den"tate-cil"i*ate (?), a.
(Bot.) Having the margin dentate and also ciliate
or fringed with hairs.
Den"tate*ly (?), adv. In a
dentate or toothed manner; as, dentately ciliated,
etc.
Den"tate-sin"u*ate (?), a.
(Bot.) Having a form intermediate between dentate
and sinuate.
Den*ta"tion (?), n. Formation
of teeth; toothed form. [R.]
How did it [a bill] get its barb, its
dentation?
Paley.
Dent"ed (?), a. [From
Dent, v. t.] Indented; impressed
with little hollows.
Dent"el (?), n. Same as
Dentil.
\'d8Den*telle" (?), n.
[F.] (Bookbinding) An ornamental
tooling like lace.
Knight.
\'d8Den*tel"li (?), n. pl.
[It., sing. dentello, prop., little tooth, dim.
of dente tooth, L. dens, dentis.
Cf. Dentil.] Modillions.
Spectator.
\'d8Den"tex (?), n. [NL., cf.
L. dentix a sort of sea fish.]
(Zo\'94l.) An edible European marine fish
(Sparus dentex, or Dentex vulgaris) of the
family Percid\'91.
\'d8Den`ti*ce"te (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. L. dens, dentis, tooth +
cetus, pl. cete, whale, Gr. /.]
(Zo\'94l.) The division of Cetacea in which the
teeth are developed, including the sperm whale, dolphins,
etc.
Den"ti*cle (?), n. [L.
denticulus a little tooth, dim. of dens,
dentis, tooth. See Dental, and cf.
Dentelli.] A small tooth or projecting
point.
{ Den*tic"u*late (?),
Den*tic"u*la`ted (?), } a.
[L. denticulatus, fr. denticulus. See
Denticle.] Furnished with denticles; notched
into little toothlike projections; as, a denticulate
leaf of calyx. --
Den*tic"u*late*ly (#),
adv.
Den*tic`u*la"tion (?), n.
1. The state of being set with small notches or
teeth.
Grew.
2. (Bot. & Zo\'94l.) A diminutive tooth;
a denticle.
Den*tif"er*ous (?), a. [L.
dens, dentis, tooth +
-ferous.] Bearing teeth; dentigerous.
Den"ti*form (?), a. [L.
dens, dentis, tooth + -form: cf.
F. dentiforme.] Having the form of a tooth
or of teeth; tooth-shaped.
Den"ti*frice (?), n. [L.
dentifricium; dens, dentis,
tooth + fricare to rub: cf. F. dentifrice.
See Tooth, and Friction.] A powder
or other substance to be used in cleaning the teeth; tooth
powder.
Den*tig"er*ous (?), a. [L.
dens, dentis, tooth +
-gerous.] Bearing teeth or toothlike
structures.
Den"til (?), n. [LL.
dentillus, for L. denticulus. Cf.
Dentelli, Denticle, Dentile.]
(Arch.) A small square block or projection in
cornices, a number of which are ranged in an ornamental band; --
used particularly in the Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite
orders.
Den`ti*la"bi*al (?), a. Formed
by the teeth and the lips, or representing a sound so
formed. -- n. A dentilabial sound or
letter.
Den"ti*la`ted (?), a.
Toothed.
Den`ti*la"tion (?), n.
Dentition.
Den"ti*lave (?), n. [L.
dens, dentis, tooth + lavare to
wash.] A wash for cleaning the teeth.
Den"tile (?), n. [LL.
dentillus, for L. denticulus. See
Dentil.] (Zo\'94l.) A small tooth,
like that of a saw.
Den`ti*lin"gual (?), a. [L.
dens tooth + E. lingual.]
Produced by applying the tongue to the teeth or to the gums;
or representing a sound so formed. -- n.
A dentilingual sound or letter.
The letters of this fourth, dentilingual or
linguidental, class, viz., d, t, s, z, l, r.
Am. Cyc.
Den*til"o*quist (?), n. One who
speaks through the teeth, that is, with the teeth closed.
Den*til"o*quy (?), n. [L.
dens, dentis, tooth + loqui to
speak.] The habit or practice of speaking through the
teeth, or with them closed.
Den"ti*al (?), a. (Anat.)
Of or pertaining to dentine.
Den"tine (?), n. [Cf. F.
dentine.] (Anat.) The dense
calcified substance of which teeth are largely composed. It
contains less animal matter than bone, and in the teeth of man is
situated beneath the enamel.
Den"ti*phone (?), n. [L.
dens, dentis, tooth + Gr. / sound.]
An instrument which, placed against the teeth, conveys sound
to the auditory nerve; an audiphone.
Knight.
\'d8Den`ti*ros"ter (?), n.; pl.
Dentirostres (#). [NL., fr. L.
dens, dentis, tooth + rostrum
bill, beak: cf. F. dentirostre.]
(Zo\'94l.) A dentirostral bird.
Den`ti*ros"tral (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Having a toothed bill; -- applied to a
group of passerine birds, having the bill notched, and feeding
chiefly on insects, as the shrikes and vireos. See
Illust. (N) under Beak.
Den`ti*ros"trate (?), a.
Dentirostral.
Den"ti*scalp (?), n. [L.
dens tooth + scalpere to scrape.]
An instrument for scraping the teeth.
Den"tist (?), n. [From L.
dens, dentis, tooth: cf. F.
dentiste. See Tooth.] One whose
business it is to clean, extract, or repair natural teeth, and to
make and insert artificial ones; a dental surgeon.
{ Den*tis"tic (?), Den*tis"ti*cal
(?), } a. Pertaining to dentistry
or to dentists. [R.]
Den"tist*ry (?), n. The art or
profession of a dentist; dental surgery.
Den*ti"tion (?), n. [L.
dentitio, fr. dentire to cut teeth, fr.
dens, dentis, tooth. See
Dentist.]
1. The development and cutting of teeth;
teething.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The system of teeth
peculiar to an animal.
Den"tize (?), v. t. & i.
[imp. & p. p. Dentized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dentizing.] [L. dens,
dentis, tooth.] To breed or cut new
teeth. [R.]
The old countess . . . did dentize twice or
thrice.
Bacon.
Den"toid (?), a. [L.
dens, dentis, tooth +
-oid.] Shaped like a tooth;
tooth-shaped.
Den`to*lin"gual (?), a.
Dentilingual.
Den"ture (?; 135), n. [L.
dens, dentis, tooth: cf. F.
denture, OF. denteure.]
(Dentistry) An artificial tooth, block, or set of
teeth.
De*nud"ate (?), v. t. [L.
denudatus, p. p. of denudare. See
Denude.] To denude. [Obs. or
R.]
Den`u*da"tion (?; 277), n. [L.
denudatio: cf. F. d\'82nudation.]
1. The act of stripping off covering, or removing
the surface; a making bare.
2. (Geol.) The laying bare of rocks by
the washing away of the overlying earth, etc.; or the excavation
and removal of them by the action of running water.
De*nude" (?), v. t. [L.
denudare; de- + nudare to make
naked or bare, nudus naked. See Nude.]
To divest of all covering; to make bare or naked; to strip;
to divest; as, to denude one of clothing, or
lands.
De*nun"ci*ate (?), v. t. [L.
denuntiatus, denunciatus, p. p. of
denuntiare, -ciare. See
Denounce.] To denounce; to condemn publicly
or solemnly. [R.]
To denunciate this new work.
Burke.
De*nun`ci*a"tion (?), n. [L.
denuntiatio, -ciatio.]
1. Proclamation; announcement; a publishing.
[Obs.]
Public . . . denunciation of banns before
marriage.
Bp. Hall.
2. The act of denouncing; public menace or
accusation; the act of inveighing against, stigmatizing, or
publicly arraigning; arraignment.
3. That by which anything is denounced; threat of
evil; public menace or accusation; arraignment.
Uttering bold denunciations of ecclesiastical
error.
Motley.
De*nun"ci*a*tive (?), a. [L.
denuntiativus, -ciativus, monitory.]
Same as Denunciatory.
Farrar.
De*nun"ci*a`tor (?), n. [L.
denuntiator, -ciator, a police
officer.] One who denounces, publishes, or proclaims,
especially intended or coming evil; one who threatens or
accuses.
De*nun"ci*a*to*ry (?), a.
Characterized by or containing a denunciation; minatory;
accusing; threatening; as, severe and denunciatory
language.
De`nu*tri"tion (?), n.
(Physiol.) The opposition of nutrition; the
failure of nutrition causing the breaking down of tissue.
De*ny" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Denied (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Denying.]
[OE. denien, denaien, OF.
denier, deneer, F. d\'82nier,
fr. L. denegare; de- + negare to
say no, deny. See Negation.]
1. To declare not to be true; to gainsay; to
contradict; -- opposed to affirm, allow, or
admit.
deny what another says, or we
deny the truth of an assertion, the force of it, or
the assertion itself.
2. To refuse (to do something or to accept
something); to reject; to decline; to renounce.
[Obs.] \'bdIf you deny to dance.\'b8
Shak.
3. To refuse to grant; to withhold; to refuse to
gratify or yield to; as, to deny a
request.
Who finds not Providence all good and wise,
Alike in what it gives, and what denies?
Pope.
To some men, it is more agreeable to deny a vicious
inclination, than to gratify it.
J. Edwards.
4. To disclaim connection with, responsibility for,
and the like; to refuse to acknowledge; to disown; to abjure; to
disavow.
The falsehood of denying his opinion.
Bancroft.
Thou thrice denied, yet thrice beloved.
Keble.
To deny one's self, to decline the
gratification of appetites or desires; to practice
self-denial.
Let him deny himself, and take up his cross.
Matt. xvi. 24.
De*ny", v. i. To answer in ///
negative; to declare an assertion not to be true.
Then Sarah denied, saying, I laughed not; for she
was afraid.
Gen. xviii. 15.
De*ny"ing*ly, adv. In the manner of one
denies a request.
Tennyson.
De`ob*struct" (?), v. t. To
remove obstructions or impediments in; to clear from anything
that hinders the passage of fluids; as, to
deobstruct the pores or lacteals.
Arbuthnot.
De*ob"stru*ent (?), a.
(Med.) Removing obstructions; having power to
clear or open the natural ducts of the fluids and secretions of
the body; aperient. -- n.
(Med.) A medicine which removes obstructions; an
aperient.
De"o*dand` (?), n. [LL.
deodandum, fr. L. Deo dandum to be given to
God.] (Old Eng. Law) A personal chattel
which had caused the death of a person, and for that reason was
given to God, that is, forfeited to the crown, to be applied to
pious uses, and distributed in alms by the high almoner. Thus, if
a cart ran over a man and killed him, it was forfeited as a
deodand.
Deodands are unknown in American law, and
in 1846 were abolished in England.
De`o*dar" (?), n. [Native name,
fr. Skr. d//ad\'beru, prop., timber of the
gods.] (Bot.) A kind of cedar (Cedrus
Deodara), growing in India, highly valued for its size and
beauty as well as for its timber, and also grown in England as an
ornamental tree.
De"o*date` (?), n. [L.
Deo to God (Deus God) + datum
thing given.] A gift or offering to God.
[Obs.]
Wherein that blessed widow's deodate was laid
up.
Hooker.
De*o"dor*ant (?), n. A
deodorizer.
De*o`dor*i*za"tion (?), n. The
act of depriving of odor, especially of offensive odors resulting
from impurities.
De*o"dor*ize (?), v. t. To
deprive of odor, especially of such as results from
impurities.
De*o"dor*i`zer (?), n. He who,
or that which, deodorizes; esp., an agent that destroys offensive
odors.
De*on"er*ate (?), v. t. [L.
deoneratus, p. p. of deonerare. See
Onerate.] To unload; to disburden.
[Obs.]
Cockeram.
De*on`to*log"ic*al (?), a.
Pertaining to deontology.
De`on*tol"o*gist (?), n. One
versed in deontology.
De`on*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. /
gen. /, necessity, obligation (p. neut. of / it is necessary)
+ -logy.] The science relat/ to duty or
moral obligation.
J. Bentham.
De`o*per"cu*late (?), a.
(Bot.) Having the lid removed; -- said of the
capsules of mosses.
De*op"pi*late (?), v. t. To
free from obstructions; to clear a passage through.
[Obs.]
Boyle.
De*op`pi*la"tion (?), n.
Removal of whatever stops up the passages.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
<-- p. 392 -->
De*op"pi*la*tive (?), a. & n.
(Med.) Deobstruent; aperient.
[Obs.]
Harvey.
De*or`di*na"tion (?), n. [LL.
deordinatio depraved morality.] Disorder;
dissoluteness. [Obs.]
Excess of ri/t and deordination.
Jer. Taylor.
De*os"cu*late (?), v. t. [L.
deosculatus, p. p. of deosculari. See
Osculate.] To kiss warmly.
[Obs.] -- De*os`cu*la"tion
(#), n. [Obs.]
De*ox"i*date (?), v. t.
(Chem.) To deoxidize.
De*ox`i*da"tion (?), n.
(Chem.) The act or process of reducing from the
state of an oxide.
De*ox`i*di*za"tion (?), n.
(Chem.) Deoxidation.
De*ox"i*dize (?), v. t.
(Chem.) To deprive of oxygen; to reduce from the
state of an oxide.
De*ox"i*di`zer (?), n.
(Chem.) That which removes oxygen; hence, a
reducing agent; as, nascent hydrogen is a
deoxidizer.
De*ox"y*gen*ate (?), v. t.
(Chem.) To deoxidize. [Obs.]
De*ox`y*gen*a"tion (?), n.
(Chem.) The act or operation of depriving of
oxygen.
De*ox"y*gen*ize (?), v. t.
(Chem.) To deoxidize.
De*paint" (?), p. p. [F.
d\'82peint, p. p. of d\'82peindre to paint,
fr. L. depingere. See Depict, p.
p.] Painted. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
De*paint", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Depainted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Depainting.]
1. To paint; to picture; hence, to describe; to
delineate in words; to depict. [Obs.]
And do unwilling worship to the saint
That on his shield depainted he did see.
Spenser.
In few words shall see the nature of many memorable persons .
. . depainted.
Holland.
2. To mark with, or as with, color; to color.
Silver drops her vermeil cheeks depaint.
Fairfax.
De*paint"er (?) n. One who
depaints. [Obs.]
De*par"dieux` (?), interj.
[OF., a corruption of de part Dieu, lit., on the
part of God.] In God's name; certainly.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
De*part" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Departed; p.
pr. & vb. n. Departing.] [OE.
departen to divide, part, depart, F.
d\'82partir to divide, distribute, se
d\'82partir to separate one's self, depart; pref.
d\'82- (L. de) + partir to
part, depart, fr. L. partire, partiri, to
divide, fr. pars part. See Part.]
1. To part; to divide; to separate.
[Obs.]
Shak.
2. To go forth or away; to quit, leave, or
separate, as from a place or a person; to withdraw; -- opposed to
arrive; -- often with from before the
place, person, or thing left, and for or to
before the destination.
I will depart to mine own land.
Num. x. 30.
Ere thou from hence depart.
Milton.
He which hath no stomach to this fight,
Let him depart.
Shak.
3. To forsake; to abandon; to desist or deviate
(from); not to adhere to; -- with from;
as, we can not depart from our rules; to
depart from a title or defense in legal
pleading.
If the plan of the convention be found to depart
from republican principles.
Madison.
4. To pass away; to perish.
The glory is departed from Israel.
1 Sam. iv. 21.
5. To quit this world; to die.
Lord, now lettest thou thy servant depart in
peace.
Luke ii. 29.
To depart with, to resign; to part with.
[Obs.]
Shak.
De*part", v. t.
1. To part thoroughly; to dispart; to divide; to
separate. [Obs.]
Till death departed them, this life they lead.
Chaucer.
2. To divide in order to share; to apportion.
[Obs.]
And here is gold, and that full great plentee,
That shall departed been among us three.
Chaucer.
3. To leave; to depart from. \'bdHe
departed this life.\'b8 Addison. \'bdEre I
depart his house.\'b8
Shak.
De*part", n. [Cf. F.
d\'82part, fr. d\'82partir.]
1. Division; separation, as of compound substances
into their ingredients. [Obs.]
The chymists have a liquor called water of
depart.
Bacon.
2. A going away; departure; hence, death.
[Obs.]
At my depart for France.
Shak.
Your loss and his depart.
Shak.
De*part"a*ble (?), a.
Divisible. [Obs.]
Bacon.
De*part"er (?), n.
1. One who refines metals by separation.
[Obs.]
2. One who departs.
De*part"ment (?), n. [F.
d\'82partement, fr. d\'82partir. See
Depart, v. i.]
1. Act of departing; departure.
[Obs.]
Sudden departments from one extreme to another.
Wotton.
2. A part, portion, or subdivision.
3. A distinct course of life, action, study, or the
like; appointed sphere or walk; province.
Superior to Pope in Pope's own peculiar department
of literature.
Macaulay.
4. Subdivision of business or official duty;
especially, one of the principal divisions of executive
government; as, the treasury department; the war
department; also, in a university, one of the
divisions of instructions; as, the medical
department; the department of
physics.
5. A territorial division; a district; esp., in
France, one of the districts composed of several arrondissements
into which the country is divided for governmental purposes;
as, the Department of the Loire.
6. A military subdivision of a country; as, the
Department of the Potomac.
De`part*men"tal (?), a.
Pertaining to a department or division.
Burke.
De*par"ture (?; 135), n. [From
Depart.]
1. Division; separation; putting away.
[Obs.]
No other remedy . . . but absolute departure.
Milton.
2. Separation or removal from a place; the act or
process of departing or going away.
Departure from this happy place.
Milton.
3. Removal from the present life; death;
decease.
The time of my departure is at hand.
2 Tim. iv. 6.
His timely departure . . . barred him from the
knowledge of his son's miseries.
Sir P. Sidney.
4. Deviation or abandonment, as from or of a rule
or course of action, a plan, or a purpose.
Any departure from a national standard.
Prescott.
5. (Law) The desertion by a party to any
pleading of the ground taken by him in his last antecedent
pleading, and the adoption of another.
Bouvier.
6. (Nav. & Surv.) The distance due east
or west which a person or ship passes over in going along an
oblique line.
To take a departure (Nav. & Surv.),
to ascertain, usually by taking bearings from a landmark, the
position of a vessel at the beginning of a voyage as a point from
which to begin her dead reckoning; as, the ship took her
departure from Sandy Hook.
Syn. -- Death; demise; release. See Death.
De*pas"cent (?), a. [L.
depascens, p. pr. of depascere;
de- + pascere to feed.]
Feeding. [R.]
De*pas"ture (?; 135), v. t. & i.
To pasture; to feed; to graze; also, to use for
pasture. [R.]
Cattle, to graze and departure in his grounds.
Blackstone.
A right to cut wood upon or departure land.
Washburn.
De*pa"tri*ate (?), v. t. & i.
[L. de- + patria one's country.]
To withdraw, or cause to withdraw, from one's country; to
banish. [Obs.]
A subject born in any state
May, if he please, depatriate.
Mason.
De*pau"per*ate (?), v. t. & i.
[imp. & p. p. Depauperated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Depauperating
(?).] [LL. depauperatus, p.
p. depauperare to impoverish; L. de- +
pauperare to make poor, pauper poor.]
To make poor; to impoverish.
Liming does not depauperate; the ground will last
long, and bear large grain.
Mortimer.
Humility of mind which depauperates the spirit.
Jer. Taylor.
De*pau"per*ate (?), a. [L.
depauperatus, p. p.] (Bot.)
Falling short of the natural size, from being impoverished
or starved.
Gray.
De*pau"per*ize (?), v. t. To
free from paupers; to rescue from poverty.
[R.]
De*peach" (?), v. t. [L.
d\'82p\'88cher. See Dispatch.] To
discharge. [Obs.]
As soon as the party . . . before our justices shall be
depeached.
Hakluyt.
De*pec"ti*ble (?), a. [L.
depectere to comb off; de- +
pectere to comb.] Tough; thick; capable of
extension. [Obs.]
Some bodies are of a more depectible nature than
oil.
Bacon.
De*pec`u*la"tion (?), n. [L.
depeculari, p. p. depeculatus, to rob. See
Peculate.] A robbing or embezzlement.
[Obs.]
Depeculation of the public treasure.
Hobbes.
De*peinct" (?), v. t. [See
Depaint.] To paint. [Obs.]
Spenser.
De*pend" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Depended; p.
pr. & vb. n. Depending.] [F.
d\'82pendre, fr. L. depend/re;
de- + pend/re to hang. See
Pendant.]
1. To hang down; to be sustained by being fastened
or attached to something above.
And ever-living lamps depend in rows.
Pope.
2. To hang in suspense; to be pending; to be
undetermined or undecided; as, a cause depending in
court.
You will not think it unnatural that those who have an object
depending, which strongly engages their hopes and
fears, should be somewhat inclined to superstition.
Burke.
3. To rely for support; to be conditioned or
contingent; to be connected with anything, as a cause of
existence, or as a necessary condition; -- followed by
on or upon, formerly by
of.
The truth of God's word dependeth not of the truth
of the congregation.
Tyndale.
The conclusion . . . that our happiness depends
little on political institutions, and much on the temper and
regulation of our own minds.
Macaulay.
Heaven forming each on other to depend.
Pope.
4. To trust; to rest with confidence; to rely; to
confide; to be certain; -- with on or upon;
as, we depend on the word or assurance of our
friends; we depend on the mail at the usual
hour.
But if you 're rough, and use him like a dog,
Depend upon it -- he 'll remain incog.
Addison.
5. To serve; to attend; to act as a dependent or
retainer. [Obs.]
Shak.
6. To impend. [Obs.]
Shak.
De*pend"a*ble (?), a. Worthy of
being depended on; trustworthy. \'bdDependable
friendships.\'b8
Pope.
{ De*pend"ant (?), De*pend"ance
(?), n., De*pend"an*cy (?)
}, n. See Dependent,
Dependence, Dependency.
dependant,
dependance, dependancy are from the French;
the forms dependent, etc., are from the Latin. Some
authorities give preference to the form dependant when
the word is a noun, thus distinguishing it from the adjective,
usually written dependent.
De*pend"ence (?), n. [LL.
dependentia, fr. L. dependens. See
Dependent, and cf. Dependance.]
1. The act or state of depending; state of being
dependent; a hanging down or from; suspension from a
support.
2. The state of being influenced and determined by
something; subjection (as of an effect to its
cause).
The cause of effects, and the dependence of one
thing upon another.
Bp. Burnet.
3. Mutu/// /onnection and support;
concatenation; systematic ///er relation.
So dark a/// so intricate of purpose, without any
dependence or order.
Sir T. More.
4. Subjection to the direction or disposal of
another; inability to help or provide for one's self.
Reduced to a servile dependence on their mercy.
Burke.
5. A resting with confidence; reliance;
trust.
Affectionate dependence on the Creator is the
spiritual life of the soul.
T. Erskine.
6. That on which one depends or relies; as, he
was her sole dependence.
7. That which depends; anything dependent or
suspended; anything attached a subordinate to, or contingent on,
something else.
Like a large cluster of black grapes they show
And make a large dependence from the bough.
Dryden.
8. A matter depending, or in suspense, and still to
be determined; ground of controversy or quarrel.
[Obs.]
To go on now with my first dependence.
Beau. & Fl.
De*pend"en*cy (?), n.; pl.
Dependencies (/).
1. State of being dependent; dependence; state of
being subordinate; subordination; concatenation; connection;
reliance; trust.
Any long series of action, the parts of which have very much
dependency each on the other.
Sir J. Reynolds.
<-- #sic. "action" is the singular. Why? -->
So that they may acknowledge their dependency on
the crown of England.
Bacon.
2. A thing hanging down; a dependence.
3. That which is attached to something else as its
consequence, subordinate, satellite, and the like.
This earth and its dependencies.
T. Burnet.
Modes I call such complex ideas which . . . are considered as
dependencies on or affections of substances.
Locke.
4. A territory remote from the kingdom or state to
which it belongs, but subject to its dominion; a colony; as,
Great Britain has its dependencies in Asia, Africa, and
America.
Dependence is more used in the abstract,
and dependency in the concrete. The latter is usually
restricted in meaning to 3 and 4.
De*pend"ent (?), a. [L.
dependens, -entis, p. pr.
dependere. See Depend, and cf.
Dependant.]
1. Hanging down; as, a dependent bough
or leaf.
2. Relying on, or subject to, something else for
support; not able to exist, or sustain itself, or to perform
anything, without the will, power, or aid of something else; not
self-sustaining; contingent or conditioned; subordinate; -- often
with on or upon; as, dependent
on God; dependent upon friends.
England, long dependent and degraded, was again a
power of the first rank.
Macaulay.
Dependent covenant or
contract (Law), one not binding
until some connecting stipulation is performed. --
Dependent variable (Math.), a varying
quantity whose changes are arbitrary, but are regarded as
produced by changes in another variable, which is called the
independent variable.
De*pend"ent, n.
1. One who depends; one who is sustained by
another, or who relies on another for support of favor; a
hanger-on; a retainer; as, a numerous train of
dependents.
A host of dependents on the court, suborned to play
their part as witnesses.
Hallam.
2. That which depends; corollary;
consequence.
With all its circumstances and dependents.
Prynne.
Dependant.
De*pend"ent*ly, adv. In a dependent
manner.
De*pend"er (?), n. One who
depends; a dependent.
De*pend"ing*ly, adv. As having
dependence.
Hale.
De*peo"ple (?), v. t. To
depopulate. [Obs.]
De*per"dit (?), n. [LL.
deperditum, fr. L. deperditus, p. p. of
deperdere; de- + perdere to
lose, destroy.] That which is lost or destroyed.
[R.]
Paley.
De*per"dite*ly (?), adv. Hopelessly;
despairingly; in the manner of one ruined; as,
deperditely wicked. [Archaic]
Dep`er*di"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82perdition.] Loss; destruction.
[Archaic]
Sir T. Browne.
De*per"ti*ble (?), a. [See
Depart.] Divisible. [Obs.]
Bacon.
De*phlegm" (?), v. t. [Pref.
de- + phlegm water; cf. F.
d\'82phlegmer, d\'82flegmer.]
(O. Chem.) To rid of phlegm or water; to
dephlegmate. [Obs.]
Boyle.
De*phleg"mate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dephlegmated;
p. pr. & vb. n. Dephlegmating.]
[See Dephlegm.] (Chem.) To
deprive of superabundant water, as by evaporation or
distillation; to clear of aqueous matter; to rectify; -- used of
spirits and acids.
De`phleg*ma"tion (?), n. [Cf.
F. d\'82flegmation.] (Chem.) The
operation of separating water from spirits and acids, by
evaporation or repeated distillation; -- called also
concentration, especially when acids are the
subject of it. [Obs.]
De*phleg"ma*tor (?), n. An
instrument or apparatus in which water is separated by
evaporation or distillation; the part of a distilling apparatus
in which the separation of the vapors is effected.
De*phleg"ma*to*ry (?), a.
Pertaining to, or producing, dephlegmation.
De*phlegm"ed*ness (?), n. A
state of being freed from water. [Obs.]
Boyle.
De`phlo*gis"tic*cate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dephlogisticated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dephlogisticating.] [Pref.
de- + phlosticate: cf. F.
d\'82phlogistiguer.] (O. Chem.)
To deprive of phlogiston, or the supposed principle of
inflammability.
Priestley.
Dephlogisticated air, oxygen gas; -- so called
by Dr. Priestly and others of his time.
-- De`phlo*gis`ti*ca"tion (#),
n.
De*phos`phor*i*za"tion (?), n.
The act of freeing from phosphorous.
De*pict" (?), p. p. [L.
depictus, p. p. of depingere to depict;
de- + pingere to paint. See Paint,
and cf. Depaint, p. p.]
Depicted.
Lydgate.
<-- p. 393 -->
De*pict" (?), p. p. [L.
depictus, p. p. of depinger/ to depict;
de- + pingere to paint. See Paint,
and cf. Depaint, p. p.]
Depicted.
Lydgate.
De*pict" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Depicted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Depicting.] 1.
To form a colored likeness of; to represent by a picture; to
paint; to portray.
His arms are fairly depicted in his chamber.
Fuller.
2. To represent in words; to describe
vividly.
C\'91sar's gout was then depicted in energetic
language.
Motley.
De*pic"tion (?), n. [L.
depictio.] A painting or depicting; a
representation.
De*pic"ture (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Depictured
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Depicturing.] To make a picture of; to
paint; to picture; to depict.
Several persons were depictured in caricature.
Fielding.
Dep"i*late (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Depilated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Depilating.] [L.
depilatus, p. p. of depilare to depilate;
de- + pilare to put forth hairs,
pilus hair.] To strip of hair; to
husk.
Venner.
Dep`i*la"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82pilation.] Act of pulling out or
removing the hair; unhairing.
Dryden.
De*pil"a*to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82pilatoire.] Having the quality or
power of removing hair. -- n. An
application used to take off hair.
Dep"i*lous (?), a. [Pref.
de- + pilous: cf. L.
depilis.] Hairless.
Sir t. Browne.
De*pla"nate (?), a. [L.
deplanetus, p. p. of deplanare to make
level. See Plane, v. t.]
(Bot.) Flattened; made level or even.
De*plant" (?), v. t. [Pref.
de- + plan: cf. F. d\'82planter,
L. deplantare to take off a twig. See Plant,
v. t.] To take up (plants); to
transplant. [R.]
De`plan*ta"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82plantation.] Act of taking up plants
from beds.
De*plete" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Depleted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Depleting.] [From L.
deplere to empty out; de- +
plere to fill. Forined like replete,
complete. See Fill, Full,
a.] 1. (Med.) To empty
or unload, as the vessels of human system, by bloodletting or by
medicine.
Copland.
2. To reduce by destroying or consuming the vital
powers of; to exhaust, as a country of its strength or resources,
a treasury of money, etc.
Saturday Review.
De*ple"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82pl\'82tion.]
1. The act of depleting or emptying.
2. (Med.) the act or process of
diminishing the quantity of fluid in the vessels by bloodletting
or otherwise; also excessive evacuation, as in severe
diarrhea.
De*ple"tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82pl\'82tif.] Able or fitted to
deplete. -- n. A substance used to
deplete.
De*ple"to*ry (?), a. Serving to
deplete.
Dep`li*ca"tion (?), n. [LL.
deplicare to unfold; L. de- +
plicare to fold.] An unfolding, untwisting,
or unplaiting. [Obs.]
W. Montagu.
Dep`loi*ta"tion (?), n. [Cf.
Exploitation, Deploy.] Same as
Exploitation.
De*plor`a*bil"i*ty (?), n.
Deplorableness.
Stormonth.
De*plor"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82plorable.] Worthy of being deplored or
lamented; lamentable; causing grief; hence, sad; calamitous;
grievous; wretched; as, life's evils are
deplorable.
Individual sufferers are in a much more deplorable
conditious than any others.
Burke.
De*plor"a*ble*ness, n. State of being
deplorable.
De*plor"a*bly, adv. In a deplorable
manner.
De*plo"rate (?), a. [L.
deploratus, p. p. of deplorare. See
Deplore.] Deplorable.
[Obs.]
A more deplorate estate.
Baker.
Dep`lo*ra"tion (?), n. [L.
deploratio: cf. F. d\'82ploration.]
The act of deploring or lamenting; lamentation.
Speed.
De*plore" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deplored
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deploring.] [L. deplorare;
de- + plorare to cry out, wail, lament;
prob. akin to pluere to rain, and to E. flow: cf. F.
d\'82plorer. Cf. Flow.] 1. To feel or to
express deep and poignant grief for; to bewail; to lament; to
mourn; to sorrow over.
To find her, or forever to deplore
Her loss.
Milton.
As some sad turtle his lost love deplores.
Pope.
2. To complain of. [Obs.]
Shak.
3. To regard as hopeless; to give up.
[Obs.]
Bacon.
Syn. -- To Deplore, Mourn,
Lament, Bewail, Bemoan.
Mourn is the generic term, denoting a state of grief
or sadness. To lament is to express grief by outcries,
and denotes an earnest and strong expression of sorrow. To
deplore marks a deeper and more prolonged emotion. To
bewail and to bemoan are appropriate only
to cases of poignant distress, in which the grief finds utterance
either in wailing or in moans and sobs. A man laments
his errors, and deplores the ruin they have brought on
his family; mothers bewail or bemoan the
loss of their children.
De*plore", v. i. To lament.
Gray.
De*plor"ed*ly (?), adv.
Lamentably.
De*plor"ed*ness, n. The state of being
deplored or deplorable. [R.]
Bp. Hail.
De*plore"ment (?), n.
Deploration. [Obs.]
De*plor"re (?), n. One who
deplores.
De*plor"ing*ly, adv. In a deploring
manner.
De*ploy" (?), v. t. & i.
[imp. & p. p. Deployed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deploying.] [F. d\'82ployer;
pref. d\'82/ = d\'82s (L. dis)
+ ployer, equiv. to plier to fold, fr. L.
plicare. See Ply, and cf.
Display.] (Mil.) To open out; to
unfold; to spread out (a body of troops) in such a way that they
shall display a wider front and less depth; -- the reverse of
ploy; as, to deploy a column of troops
into line of battle.
{ De*ploy" (?), De*ploy"ment
(?), } n. (Mil.) The
act of deploying; a spreading out of a body of men in order to
extend their front.
-Wilhelm.
Deployments . . . which cause the soldier to turn
his back to the enemy are not suited to war.H.L.
Scott.
De*plu"mate (?), a. [LL.
diplumatus, p. p. of deplumare. See
Deplume.] (Zo\'94l.) Destitute or
deprived of features; deplumed.
Dep`lu*ma"tion (?), n. [See
Deplumate.] 1. The stripping or
falling off of plumes or feathers.
Bp. Stillingfleet
2. (Med.) A disease of the eyelids,
attended with loss of the eyelashes.
Thomas.
De*plume" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deplumed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Depluming.] [LL. deplumare;
L. de- + plumare to cover with feathers,
pluma feather: cf. deplumis featherless,
and F. d\'82plumer.] 1. To strip
or pluck off the feather of; to deprive of of plumage.
On the depluming of the pope every bird had his own
feather.
Fuller.
2. To lay bare; to expose.
The exposure and depluming of the leading humbugs
of the age.
De Quincey.
De*po`lar*i*za"tion (?), n.
[Cf. F. d\'82polarisation.] The act of
depriving of polarity, or the result of such action; reduction to
an unpolarized condition.
Depolarization of light (Opt.), a
change in the plane of polarization of rays, especially by a
crystalline medium, such that the light which had been
extinguished by the analyzer reappears as if the polarization had
been anulled. The word is inappropriate, as the ray does not
return to the unpolarized condition.
De*po"lar*ize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Depolarized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Depolarizing.] [Pref. de- +
polarize: cf. F. d\'82polarizer.]
1. (Opt.) To deprive of polarity; to
reduce to an unpolarized condition.
2. (Elec.) To free from polarization, as
the negative plate of the voltaic battery.
De*po"lar*i`zer (?), n.
(Elec.) A substance used to prevent polarization,
as upon the negative plate of a voltaic battery.
De*pol"ish (?), v. t. To remove
the polish or glaze from.
De*pol"ish*ing (?), n.
(Ceramics) The process of removing the vitreous
glaze from porcelain, leaving the dull luster of the surface of
ivory porcelian.
Knight.
De*pone" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deponed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deponing.] [L. deponere,
depositum, to put down, in LL., to assert under oath;
de- + ponere to put, place. See
Position, and cf. Deposit.]
1. To lay, as a stake; to wager.
[Obs.]
Hudibras.
2. To lay down. [R.]
Southey.
3. To assert under oath; to depose. [A
Scotticism]
Sprot deponeth that he entered himself thereafter
in conference.
State Trials(1606).
De*pone", v. i. To testify under oath;
to depose; to bear witness. [A Scotticism]
The fairy Glorians, whose credibility on this point can not be
called in question, depones to the confinement of
Merlin in a tree.
Dunlop.
De*po"nent (?), n. [L.
deponenes, -entis, laying down. See
Depone, v. t.] 1.
(Law) One who deposes or testifies under oath;
one who gives evidence; usually, one who testifies in
writing.
2. (Gr. & Lat. Gram.) A deponent
verb.
Syn. -- Deponent, Affiant.
These are legal terms describing a person who makes a written
declaration under oath, with a view to establish certain facts.
An affiant is one who makes an affidavit, or
declaration under oath, in order to establish the truth of what
he says. A deponenet is one who makes a deposition, or
gives written testimony under oath, to be used in the trial of
some case before a court of justice. See under
Deposition.
De*po"nent, a. [L. deponens,
-entis, laying down (its proper passive meaning), p.
pr. of deponere: cf. F. d\'82ponent. See
Depone.] (Gram.) Having a passive
form with an active meaning, as certain latin and Greek
verbs.
De*pop"u*la*cy (?), n.
Depopulation; destruction of population.
[R.]
Chapman.
De*pop"u*late (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Depopulated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Depopulating
(?).] [L. depopulatus, p. p.
of depopulari to ravage; de- +
populari to ravage, fr. populus people: cf.
OF. depopuler, F. d\'82peupler. See
People.] To deprive of inhabitants, whether
by death or by expulsion; to reduce greatly the populousness of;
to dispeople; to unpeople.
Where is this viper,
That would depopulate the city?
Shak.
laying waste or
destroying, being limited to the loss of inhabitants; as, an army
or a famine may depopulate a country. It rarely
expresses an entire loss of inhabitants, but often a great
diminution of their numbers; as, the deluge
depopulated the earth.
De*pop"u*late, v. i. To become
dispeopled. [R.]
Whether the country be depopulating or not.
Goldsmith.
De*pop`u*la"tion (?), n. [L.
depopulatio pillaging: cf. F.
d\'82population depopulation.] The act of
depopulating, or condition of being depopulated; destruction or
explusion of inhabitants.
The desolation and depopulation [of St.Quentin]
were now complete.
Motley.
De*pop"u*la`tor (?), n. [L.,
pillager.] One who depopulates; a dispeopler.
De*port" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deported; p.
pr. & vb. n. Deporting.] [F.
d\'82porter to transport for life, OF., to divert,
amuse, from L. deportare to carry away; de-
+ portare to carry. See Port demeanor.]
1. To transport; to carry away; to exile; to send
into banishment.
He told us he had been deported to Spain.
Walsh.
2. To carry or demean; to conduct; to behave; --
followed by the reflexive pronoun.
Let an ambassador deport himself in the most
graceful manner befor a prince.
Pope.
De*port" (?), n. Behavior;
carrige; demeanor; deportment. [Obs.]
\'bdGoddesslike deport.\'b8
Milton.
De`por*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
depotatio: cf.F. d\'82portation.]
The act of deporting or exiling, or the state of being
deported; banishment; transportation.
In their deportations, they had often the favor of
their conquerors.
Atterbury.
De*port"ment (?), n. [F.
d\'82portement misconduct, OF., demeanor. See
Deport.] Manner of deporting or demeaning
one's self; manner of acting; conduct; carrige; especially,
manner of acting with respect to the courtesies and duties of
life; behavior; demeanor; bearing.
The gravity of his deportment carried him safe
through many difficulties.
Swift.
De*por"ture (?), n.
Deportment. [Obs.]
Stately port and majestical deporture.
Speed.
De*pos"a*ble (?), a. Capable of
being deposed or deprived of office.
Howell.
De*pos"al (?), n. The act of
deposing from office; a removal from the throne.
Fox.
De*pose" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deposed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deposing.][FF. d\'82poser,
in the sense of L. deponere to put down; but from
pref. d\'82- (L. de) + poser to
place. See Pose, Pause.] 1.
To lay down; to divest one's self of; to lay aside.
[Obs.]
Thus when the state one Edward did depose,
A greater Edward in his room arose.
Dryden.
2. To let fall; to deposit.
[Obs.]
Additional mud deposed upon it.
Woodward.
3. To remove from a throne or other high station;
to dethrone; to divest or deprive of office.
A tyrant over his subjects, and therefore worthy to be
deposed.
Prynne.
4. To testify under oath; to bear testimony to; --
now usually said of bearing testimony which is officially written
down for future use.
Abbott.
To depose the yearly rent or valuation of
lands.
Bacon.
5. To put under oath. [Obs.]
Depose him in the justice of his cause.
Shak.
De*pose", v. i. To bear witness; to
testify under oath; to make deposition.
Then, seeing't was he that made you to despose,
Your oath, my lord, is vain and frivolous.
Shak.
De*pos"er (?), n. 1.
One who deposes or degrades from office.
2. One who testifies or deposes; a deponent.
De*pos"it (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Depoited; p.
pr. & vb. n. Depositing.] [L.
depositus, p. p. of deponere. See
Depone, and cf. Deposit, n.]
1. To lay down; to place; to put; to let fall or
throw down (as sediment); as, a crocodile deposits
her eggs in the sand; the waters deposited a rich
alluvium.
The fear is deposited in conscience.
Jer. Taylor.
2. To lay up or away for safekeeping; to put up; to
store; as, to deposit goods in a
warehouse.
3. To lodge in some one's hands for sale keeping;
to commit to the custody of another; to intrust; esp., to place
in a bank, as a sum of money subject to order.
4. To lay aside; to rid one's self of.
[Obs.]
If what is written prove useful to you, to the
depositing that which i can not deem an error.
Hammond.
deposite.
De*pos"it, n. [L. depositum,
fr. depositus, p. p. of deponere: cf. F.
d\'82p\'93t, OF. depost. See
Deposit, v. t., and cf.
Depot.] 1. That is deposited, or
laid or thrown down; as, a deposit in a flue;
especially, matter precipitated from a solution (as the siliceous
deposits of hot springs), or that which is mechanically deposited
(as the mud, gravel, etc., deposits of a river).
The deposit already formed affording to the
succeeding portion of the charged fluid a basis.
Kirwan.
2. (Mining) A natural occurrence of a
useful mineral under the conditions to invite exploitation.
Raymond.
3. That which is placed anywhere, or in any one's
hands, for safe keeping; somthing intrusted to the care of
another; esp., money lodged with a bank or banker, subject to
order; anything given as pledge or security.
4. (Law) (a) A bailment of
money or goods to be kept gratuitously for the bailor.
(b) Money lodged with a party as earnest or
security for the performance of a duty assumed by the person
depositing.
5. A place of deposit; a depository.
[R.]
Bank of deposit. See under Bank.
-- In deposit, or On deposit,
in trust or safe keeping as a deposit; as, coins were
recieved on deposit.
De*pos"i*ta*ry (?), n.; pl.
Depositaries (#). [L.
depositarius, fr. deponere. See
Deposit.]
1. One with whom anything is lodged in the trust;
one who receives a deposit; -- the correlative of
depositor.
I . . . made you my guardians, my depositaries.
Shak.
The depositaries of power, who are mere delegates
of the people.J.S.
Mill.
2. A storehouse; a depository.
Bp. Hurd.
3. (Law) One to whom goods are bailed,
to be kept for the bailor without a recompense.
Kent.
Dep`o*si"tion (?), n. [L.
depositio, fr. deponere: cf. F.
d\'82position. See Deposit.]
1. The act of depositing or deposing; the act of
laying down or thrown down; precipitation.
The deposition of rough sand and rolled
pebbles.
H. Miller.
2. The act of bringing before the mind;
presentation.
The influence of princes upon the dispositions of their courts
needs not the deposition of their examples, since it
hath the authority of a known principle.
W. Montagu.
<-- p. 394 -->
3. The act of setting aside a sovereign or a public
officer; deprivation of authority and dignity; displacement;
removal.
deposition differs from an
abdication, an abdication being voluntary,
and a deposition compulsory.
4. That which is deposited; matter laid or thrown
down; sediment; alluvial matter; as, banks are sometimes
depositions of alluvial matter.
5. An opinion, example, or statement, laid down or
asserted; a declaration.
6. (Law) The act of laying down one's
testimony in writing; also, testimony laid or taken down in
writting, under oath or affirmation, befor some competent
officer, and in reply to interrogatories and
cross-interrogatories.
Syn. -- Deposition, Affidavit.
Affidavit is the wider term. It denotes any
authorized ex parte written statement of a person,
sworn to or affirmed before some competent magistrate. It is made
without cross-examination, and requires no notice to an opposing
party. It is generally signed by the party making it, and may be
drawn up by himself or any other person. A deposition
is the written testimony of a witness, taken down in due form of
law, and sworn to or affirmed by the deponent. It must be taken
before some authorized magistrate, and upon a prescribed or
reasonable notice to the opposing party, that may attend and
cross-examine. It is generally written down from the mouth of the
witness by the magistrate, or some person for him, and in his
presence.
De*pos"i*tor (?), n. [L., fr.
deponere. See Depone.] One who
makes a deposit, especially of money in bank; -- the correlative
of depository.
De*pos"i*to*ry (?), n.; pl.
Depositories (/).
1. A place where anything is deposited for sale or
keeping; as, warehouse is a depository for goods; a
clerk's office is a depository for records.
2. One with whom something is deposited; a
depositary.
I am the sole depository of my own secret, and it
shall perish with me.
Junius.
\'d8De*po"i*tum (?), n.
[L.] Deposit.
De*po"i*ture (?), n. The act of
depositing; deposition. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
De"pot (?), n. [F.
d\'82p\'93t, OF. depost, fr. L.
depositum a deposit. See Deposit,
n.]
1. A place of deposit storing of goods; a
warehouse; a storehouse.
The islands of Guernsey and Jersey are at present the great
depots of this kingdom.
Brit Critic (1794).
2. (Mil.) (a) A military
station where stores and provisions are kept, or where recruits
are assembled and drilled. (b) (Eng. &
France) The headquarters of a regiment, where all
supplies are recieved and distributed, recruits are assembled and
instructed, infirm or disabled soldiers are taken care of, and
all the wants of the regiment are provided for.
3. A railway station; a building for the
accommodation and protection of railway passenges or
freight. [U. S.]
Syn. -- See Station.
Dep"per (?), a. Deeper.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dep`ra*va"tion (?), n. [L.
depravitio, from depravare: cf. F.
d\'82pravation. See Deprave.]
1. Detraction; depreciation.
[Obs.]
To stubborn critics, apt, without a theme,
For depravation.
Shak.
2. The act of depraving, or making anything bad;
the act of corrupting.
3. The state of being depraved or degenerated;
degeneracy; depravity.
The depravation of his moral character destroyed
his judgment.
Sir G. C. Lewis.
4. (Med.) Change for the worse;
deterioration; morbid perversion.
Syn. -- Depravity; corruption. See Depravity.
De*prave" (?), n. t.
[imp. & p. p. Depraved
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Depraving.] [L. depravare,
depravatum; de- + pravus
crooked, distorted, perverse, wicked.] 1. To
speak ill of; to depreciate; to malign; to revile.
[Obs.]
And thou knowest, conscience, I came not to chide
Nor deprave thy person with a proud heart.
Piers Plowman.
2. To make bad or worse; to vitiate; to
corrupt.
Whose pride depraves each other better part.
Spenser.
Syn. -- To corrupt; vitiate; contaminate; pollute.
De*prav"ed*ly (?), adv. In a
depraved manner.
De*prav"ed*ness, n. Depravity.
Hammond.
De*prave"ment (?), n.
Depravity. [Obs.] Milton.
De*prav"er (?), n. One who
deprave or corrupts.
De*prav"ing*ly, adv. In a depraving
manner.
De*prav"i*ty (?), n. [From
Deprave: cf. L. pravitas crookedness,
perverseness.] The stae of being depraved or
corrupted; a vitiated state of moral character; general badness
of character; wickedness of mind or heart; absence of religious
feeling and principle.
Total depravity. See Original sin,
and Calvinism.
Syn. -- Corruption; vitiation; wickedness; vice;
contamination; degeneracy. -- Depravity,
Depravation, Corruption. Depravilty
is a vitiated state of mind or feeling; as, the
depravity of the human heart; depravity of
public morals. Depravation points to the act or
process of making depraved, and hence to the end thus
reached; as, a gradual depravation of principle; a
depravation of manners, of the heart, etc.
Corruption is the only one of these words which
applies to physical substances, and in reference to these denotes
the process by which their component parts are dissolved. Hence,
when figuratively used, it denotes an utter vitiation of
principle or feeling. Depravity applies only to the
mind and heart: we can speak of a depraved taste, or a
corrupt taste; in the first we introduce the notion
that there has been the influence of bad training to pervert; in
the second, that there is a want of true principle to pervert; in
the second, that there is a want of true principles to decide.
The other two words have a wider use: we can speak of the
depravation or the corruption of taste and
public sentiment. Depravity is more or less open;
corruption is more or less disguised in its operations. What is
depraved requires to be reformed; what is
corrupt requires to be purified.
Dep"re*ca*ble (?), a. [L.
deprecabilis exorable.] That may or should
be deprecated.
Paley.
Dep"re*cate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deprecated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Deprecating
(?).] [L. deprecatus, p. p.
of deprecari to avert by player, to deprecate;
de- + precari to pray. See
Pray.] To pray against, as an evil; to seek
to avert by player; to desire the removal of; to seek deliverance
from; to express deep regret for; to disapprove of
strongly.
His purpose was deprecated by all round him, and he
was with difficulty induced to adandon it.
Sir W. Scott.
Dep"re*ca`ting (?), adv. In a
deprecating manner.
Dep`re*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
deprecatio; cf. F.
d\'82pr\'82cation.] 1. The act of
deprecating; a praying against evil; prayer that an evil may be
removed or prevented; strong expression of disapprobation.
Humble deprecation.
Milton.
2. Entreaty for pardon; petitioning.
3. An imprecation or curse.
[Obs.]
Gilpin.
Dep"re*ca*tive (?), a. [L.
deprecativus: cf. F.
d\'82pr\'82catif.] Serving to deprecate;
deprecatory.
-- Dep"re*ca*tive*ly,
adv.
Dep"re*ca`tor (?), n.
[L.] One who deprecates.
Dep"re*ca*to*ry (?), a. [L.
deprecatorius.] Serving to deprecate;
tending to remove or avert evil by prayer; apologetic.
Humble and deprecatory letters.
Bacon.
De*pre"ci*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Depreciated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Depreciating
(?).] [L. depretiatus,
depreciatus, p. p. of depretiare,
-ciare, to depreciate; de- +
pretiare to prize, fr. pretium price. See
Price.] To lessen in price or estimated
value; to lower the worth of; to represent as of little value or
claim to esteem; to undervalue.
Addison.
Which . . . some over-severe phoilosophers may look upon
fastidiously, or undervalue and depreciate.
Cudworth.
To prove that the Americans ought not to be free, we are
obliged to depreciate the value of freedom itself.
Burke.
Syn. -- To decry; disparage; traduce; lower; detract;
underrate. See Decry.
De*pre"ci*ate, v. i. To fall in value;
to become of less worth; to sink in estimation; as, a paper
currency will depreciate, unless it is convertible into
specie.
De*pre`ci*a"tion (?), n. [Cf.
F. d\'82pr\'82ciation.] 1. The act
of lessening, or seeking to lessen, price, value, or
reputation.
2. The falling of value; reduction of worth.
Burke.
3. the state of being depreciated.
De*pre"ci*a`tive (?), a.
Tending, or intended, to depreciate; expressing
depreciation; undervaluing. --
De*pre"ci*a`tive*ly,
adv.
De*pre"ci*a`tor (?), n.
[L.] One who depreciates.
De*pre"ci*a*to*ry (?), a.
Tending to depreciate; undervaluing; depreciative.
Dep"re*da*ble (?), a. Liable to
depredation. [Obs.] \'bdMade less
depredable.\'b8
Bacon.
Dep"re*date (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Depredated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Depredating
(?).] [L. depraedatus, p. p.
of depraedari to plunder; de- +
praedari to plunder, praeda plunder, prey.
See Prey.] To subject to plunder and pillage;
to despoil; to lay waste; to prey upon.
It makes the substance of the body . . . less apt to be
consumed and depredated by the spirits.
Bacon.
Dep"re*date, v. i. To take plunder or
prey; to commit waste; as, the troops depredated on
the country.
Dep`re*da"tion (?), n. [L.
depraedatio: cf. F.
d\'82pr\'82dation.] The act of depredating,
or the state of being depredated; the act of despoiling or making
inroads; as, the sea often makes depredation on the
land.
Dep"re*da`tor (?), n. [L.
depraedator.] One who plunders or pillages;
a spoiler; a robber.
Dep"re*da`to*ry (?), a. Tending
or designed to depredate; characterized by depredation;
plundering; as, a depredatory incursion.
De*pre"i*cate (?), v. t. [Pref.
de- (intensive) + predicate.] To
proclaim; to celebrate. [R.]
Dep`re*hend" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deprehended; p.
pr. & vb. n. Deprehending.] [L.
deprehendere, deprehensum; de- +
prehendere to lay hold of, seize. See
Prehensile.] 1. To take unwares or
by surprise; to seize, as a person commiting an unlawful act; to
catch; to apprehend.
The deprehended adulteress.Jer.
Taylor.
2. To detect; to discover; to find out.
The motion . . . are to be deprehended by
experience.
Bacon.
Dep`re*hen"si*ble (?), a. That
may be caught or discovered; apprehensible.
[Obs.]
Petty.
-- Dep`re*hen"si*ble*ness, n.
[Obs.]
Dep`re*hen"sion (?), n. [L.
deprehensio.] A catching; discovery.
[Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
De*press" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Depressed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Depressing.] [L. depressus,
p. p. of deprimere; de- +
premere to press. See Press.]
1. To press down; to cause to sink; to let fall; to
lower; as, to depress the muzzle of a gun; to
depress the eyes. \'bdWith lips
depressed.\'b8
Tennyson.
2. To bring down or humble; to abase, as
pride.
3. To cast a gloom upon; to sadden; as, his
spirits were depressed.
4. To lessen the activity of; to make dull;
embarrass, as trade, commerce, etc.
5. To lessen in price; to cause to decline in
value; to cheapen; to depreciate.
6. (Math.) To reduce (an equation) in a
lower degree.
To depress the pole (Naut.), to
cause the sidereal pole to appear lower or nearer the horizon, as
by sailing toward the equator.
Syn. -- To sink; lower; abase; cast down; deject; humble;
degrade; dispirit; discourage.
De*press", a. [L. depressus,
p. p.] Having the middle lower than the border;
concave. [Obs.]
If the seal be depress or hollow.
Hammond.
De*press"ant (?), n.
(Med.) An agent or remedy which lowers the vital
powers.
De*pressed" (?), a. 1.
Pressed or forced down; lowed; sunk; dejected; dispirited;
sad; humbled.
2. (Bot.) (a) Concave on the
upper side; -- said of a leaf whose disk is lower than the
border. (b) Lying flat; -- said of a stem or
leaf which lies close to the ground.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Having the vertical
diameter shorter than the horizontal or transverse; -- said of
the bodies of animals, or of parts of the bodies.
De*press"ing*ly, adv. In a depressing
manner.
De*pres"sion (?), n. [L.
depressio: cf. F. d\'82pression.]
1. The act of depressing.
2. The state of being depressed; a sinking.
3. A falling in of the surface; a sinking below its
true place; a cavity or hollow; as, roughness consists in
little protuberances and depressions.
4. Humiliation; abasement, as of pride.
5. Dejection; despondency; lowness.
In a great depression of spirit.
Baker.
6. Diminution, as of trade, etc.; inactivity;
dullness.
7. (Astron.) The angular distance of a
celestial object below the horizon.
8. (Math.) The operation of reducing to
a lower degree; -- said of equations.
9. (Surg.) A method of operating for
cataract; couching. See Couch, v. t.,
8.
Angle of depression (Geod.), one
which a descending line makes with a horizontal plane. --
Depression of the dewpoint (Meteor.),
the number of degreees that the dew-point is lower than the
actual temperature of the atmosphere. -- Depression of
the pole, its apparent sinking, as the spectator goes
toward the equator. -- Depression of the visible
horizon. (Astron.) Same as Dip of the
horizon, under Dip.
Syn. -- Abasement; reduction; sinking; fall; humiliation;
dejection; melancholy.
De*press"ive (?), a. Able or
tending to depress or cast down. --
De*press"ive*ness, n.
De*pres`so*mo"tor (?), a.
(Med.) Depressing or diminishing the capacity for
movement, as depressomotor nerves, which lower or
inhibit muscular activity. -- n. Any
agent that depresses the activity of the motor centers, as
bromides, etc.
De*press"or (?), n. 1.
One who, or that which, presses down; an oppressor.
2. (Anat.) A muscle that depresses or
tends to draw down a part.
Depressor nerve (Physiol.), a nerve
which lowers the activity of an organ; as, the depressor
nerve of the heart.
Dep"ri*ment (?), a. [L.
deprimens, p. pr. of deprimere. See
Depress.] Serving to depress.
[R.] \'bdDepriment muscles.\'b8
Derham.
De*pri"sure (?), n. [F.
d\'82priser to undervalue; pref. d\'82- (L.
dis-) + priser to prize, fr.
prix price, fr. L. pretium. See
Dispraise.] Low estimation; disesteem;
contempt. [Obs.]
De*priv"a*ble (?), a. Capable
of being, or liable to be, deprived; liable to be deposed.
Kings of Spain . . . deprivable for their
tyrannies.
Prynne.
Dep`ri*va"tion (?), n. [LL.
deprivatio.]
1. The act of depriving, dispossessing, or
bereaving; the act of deposing or divesting of some
dignity.
2. The state of being deprived; privation; loss;
want; bereavement.
3. (Eccl. Law) the taking away from a
clergyman his benefice, or other spiritual promotion or
dignity.
Deprivation may be a beneficio
or ab officio; the first takes away the living, the
last degrades and deposes from the order.
De*prive" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deprived
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Depriving.] [LL. deprivare,
deprivatium, to divest of office; L. de- +
privare to bereave, deprive: cf. OF.
depriver. See Private.] 1.
To take away; to put an end; to destroy.
[Obs.]
'Tis honor to deprive dishonored life.
Shak.
2. To dispossess; to bereave; to divest; to hinder
from possessing; to debar; to shut out from; -- with a remoter
object, usually preceded by of.
God hath deprived her of wisdom.
Job xxxix. 17.
It was seldom that anger deprived him of power over
himself.
Macaulay.
3. To divest of office; to depose; to dispossess of
dignity, especially ecclesiastical.
A miniser deprived for inconformity.
Bacon.
Syn. -- To strip; despoil; rob; abridge.
De*prive"ment (?), n.
Deprivation. [R.]
De*priv"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, deprives.
De*pros"trate (?), a. Fully
prostrate; humble; low; rude. [Obs.]
How may weak mortal ever hope to file
His unsmooth tongue, and his deprostrate style.
G. Fletcher.
De`pro*vin"cial*ize (?), v. t.
To divest of provincial quality or characteristics.
Depth (?), n. [From
Deep; akin to D. diepte, Icel.
d/pt, d/p/, Goth.
diupi/a.] 1. The quality of
being deep; deepness; perpendicular measurement downward from the
surface,or horizontal measurement backward from the front;
as, the depth of a river; the depth of a
body of troops.
2. Profoundness; extent or degree of intensity;
abundance; completeness; as, depth of knowledge, or
color.
Mindful of that heavenly love
Which knows no end in depth or height.
Keble.
3. Lowness; as, depth of
sound.
4. That which is deep; a deep, or the deepest, part
or place; the deep; the middle part; as, the depth
of night, or of winter.
From you unclouded depth above.
Keble.
The depth closed me round about.
Jonah ii. 5.
5. (Logic) The number of simple elements
which an abstract conception or notion includes; the
comprehension or content.
6. (Horology) A pair of toothed wheels
which work together. [R.]
<-- p. 395 -->
Depth of a sail (Naut.), the extent
of a square sail from the head rope to the foot rope; the length
of the after leach of a staysail or boom sail; -- commonly called
the drop of sail.
Depth"en (?), v. t. To
deepen. [Obs.]
Depth"less, a.
1. Having no depth; shallow.
2. Of measureless depth; unfathomable.
In clouds of depthless night.
Francis.
De*pu"ce*late (?), v. t. [L.
de + LL. pucella virgin, F.
pucelle: cf. F. d\'82puceler.]
To deflour; to deprive of virginity.
[Obs.]
Bailey.
De*pu"di*cate (?), v. t. [L.
depudicatus, p. p. of depudicare.]
To deflour; to dishonor. [Obs.]
De*pulse" (?), v. t. [L.
depulsus, p. p. of depellere to drive out;
de- + pellere to drive.] To
drive away. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
De*pul"sion (?), n. [L.
depulsio.] A driving or thrusting
away. [R.]
Speed.
De*pul"so*ry (?), a. [L.
depulsorius.] Driving or thrusting away;
averting. [R.]
Holland.
Dep"u*rant (?), a. & n.
(Med.) Depurative.
Dep"u*rate (?), a. [LL.
depuratus, p. p. of depurare to purify; L.
de- + purare to purify, purus
clean, pure. Cf. Depure.] Depurated;
cleansed; freed from impurities.
Boyle.
Dep"u*rate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Depurated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Depurating
(?).] To free from impurities,
heterogeneous matter, or feculence; to purify; to cleanse.
To depurate the mass of blood.
Boyle.
Dep`u*ra"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82puration.] The act or process of
depurating or freeing from foreign or impure matter, as a liquid
or wound.
Dep"u*ra*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82puratif.] (Med.) Purifying
the blood or the humors; depuratory. -- n.
A depurative remedy or agent; or a disease which is believed
to be depurative.
Dep"u*ra`tor (?), n. One who,
or that which, cleanses.
Dep"u*ra*to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82puratoire.] Depurating; tending to
depurate or cleanse; depurative.
De*pure" (?), v. t. [F.
d\'82purer. See Depurate.] To
depurate; to purify. [Obs.]
He shall first be depured and cleansed before that
he shall be laid up for pure gold in the treasures of God.
Sir T. More.
De*pur"ga*to*ry (?), a. Serving
to purge; tending to cleanse or purify. [Obs.]
Cotgrave.
Dep`u*ri"tion (?), n. See
Depuration.
Dep"u*ta*ble (?), a. Fit to be
deputed; suitable to act as a deputy.
Carlyle.
Dep`u*ta"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82putation. See Depute.]
1. The act of deputing, or of appointing or
commissioning a deputy or representative; office of a deputy or
delegate; vicegerency.
The authority of conscience stands founded upon its
vicegerency and deputation under God.
South.
2. The person or persons deputed or commissioned by
another person, party, or public body to act in his or its
behalf; delegation; as, the general sent a
deputation to the enemy to propose a truce.
By deputation, or In
deputation, by delegated authority; as
substitute; through the medium of a deputy.
[Obs.]
Say to great C\'91sar this: In deputation
I kiss his conquering hand.
Shak.
Dep"u*ta`tor (?), n. One who
deputes, or makes a deputation. [R.]
Locke.
De*pute" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deputed; p. pr.
& vb. n. Deputing.] [F.
d\'82puter, fr. L. deputare to esteem,
consider, in LL., to destine, allot; de- +
putare to clean, prune, clear up, set in order,
reckon, think. See Pure.] 1. To
appoint as deputy or agent; to commission to act in one's place;
to delegate.
There is no man deputed of the king to hear
thee.
2. Sam. xv. 3.
Some persons, deputed by a meeting.
Macaulay.
2. To appoint; to assign; to choose.
[R.]
The most conspicuous places in cities are usually
deputed for the erection of statues.
Barrow.
De*pute", n. A person deputed; a
deputy. [Scot.]
Dep"u*tize (?), v. t. To
appoint as one's deputy; to empower to act in one's stead; to
depute.
Dep"u*ty (?), n.; pl.
Deputies (#). [F.
d\'82put\'82, fr. LL. deputatus. See
Depute.] 1. One appointed as the
substitue of another, and empowered to act for him, in his name
or his behalf; a substitute in office; a lieutenant; a
representative; a delegate; a vicegerent; as, the
deputy of a prince, of a sheriff, of a township,
etc.
There was then [in the days of Jehoshaphat] no king in Edom; a
deputy was king.
1 Kings xxii. 47.
God's substitute,
His deputy anointed in His sight.
Shak.
Deputy is used in combination with the
names of various executive officers, to denote an assistant
empowered to act in their name; as, deputy collector,
deputy marshal, deputy sheriff.
2. A member of the Chamber of Deputies.
[France]
Chamber of Deputies, one of the two branches
of the French legilative assembly; -- formerly called Corps
L\'82gislatif. Its members, called deputies, are
elected by the people voting in districts.
Syn. -- Substitute; representative; legate; delegate; envoy;
agent; factor.
De*quan"ti*tate (?), v. t. [L.
de- + quantatas, -atis. See
Quantity.] To diminish the quantity of; to
disquantity. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
De*rac"i*nate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deracinated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Deracinating
(?).] [F. d\'82raciner;
pref. d\'82- (L. dis) + racine
root, fr. an assumed LL. radicina, fr. L.
radix, radicis, root.] To pluck
up by the roots; to extirpate. [R.]
While that the colter rusts
That should deracinate such savagery.
Shak.
De*ra`i*na"tion (?), n. The act
of pulling up by the roots; eradication. [R.]
{ De*raign", De*rain" }
(?), v. t. [See
Darraign.] (Old Law) To prove or
to refute by proof; to clear (one's self).
[Obs.]
{ De*raign"ment, De*rain"ment }
(?), n. [See Darraign.]
1. The act of deraigning. [Obs.]
2. The renunciation of religious or monastic
vows. [Obs.]
Blount.
De*rail" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Derailed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Derailing.] To cause to run off from
the rails of a railroad, as a locomotive.
Lardner.
De*rail"ment (?), n. The act of
going off, or the state of being off, the rails of a
railroad.
De*range" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deranged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deranging.] [F. d\'82ranger;
pref. d\'82- = d\'82s- (L. dis)
+ ranger to range. See Range, and cf.
Disarrange, Disrank.]
1. To put out of place, order, or rank; to disturb
the proper arrangement or order of; to throw into disorder,
confusion, or embarrassment; to disorder; to disarrange; as,
to derange the plans of a commander, or the affairs of a
nation.
2. To disturb in action or function, as a part or
organ, or the whole of a machine or organism.
A sudden fall deranges some of our internal
parts.
Blair.
3. To disturb in the orderly or normal action of
the intellect; to render insane.
Syn. -- To disorder; disarrange; displace; unsettle;
disturb; confuse; discompose; ruffle; disconcert.
De*ranged" (?), a. Disordered;
especially, disordered in mind; crazy; insane.
The story of a poor deranged parish lad.
Lamb.
De*range"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82rangement.] The act of deranging or
putting out of order, or the state of being deranged;
disarrangement; disorder; confusion; especially, mental disorder;
insanity.
Syn. -- Disorder; confusion; embarrassment; irregularity;
disturbance; insanity; lunacy; madness; delirium; mania. See
Insanity.
De*ran"ger (?), n. One who
deranges.
De*ray" (?), n. [OF.
derroi, desroi, desrei; pref.
des- (L. dis-) + roi,
rei, rai, order. See Array.]
Disorder; merriment. [Obs.]
\'d8Der"bi*o (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) A large European food fish
(Lichia glauca).
Der"by (?; usually ? in Eng.;
85), n.
1. A race for three-old horses, run annually at
Epsom (near London), for the Derby stakes. It was instituted by
the 12th Earl of Derby, in 1780.
Derby Day, the day of the annual race for the
Derby stakes, -- Wednesday of the week before
Whitsuntide.
2. A stiff felt hat with a dome-shaped crown.
Der"by*shire spar" (?). (Min.)
A massive variety of fluor spar, found in Derbyshire,
England, and wrought into vases and other ornamental work.
Der*do"ing (?), a. [See
Dere, v. t.] Doing daring or
chivalrous deeds. [Obs.] \'bdIn
derdoing arms.\'b8
Spenser.
Dere (?), v. t. [AS.
derian to hurt.] To hurt; to harm; to
injure. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dere, n. Harm. [Obs.]
Robert of Brunne.
{ De*reine, De*reyne" (?)
}, v. t. Same as Darraign.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Der"e*lict (?), a. [L.
derelictus, p. p. of derelinquere to
forsake wholly, to abandon; de- +
relinquere to leave. See Relinquish.]
1. Given up or forsaken by the natural owner or
guardian; left and abandoned; as, derelict
lands.
The affections which these exposed or derelict
children bear to their mothers, have no grounds of nature or
assiduity but civility and opinion.
Jer. Taylor.
2. Lost; adrift; hence, wanting; careless;
neglectful; unfaithful.
They easily prevailed, so as to seize upon the vacant,
unoccupied, and derelict minds of his [Chatham's]
friends; and instantly they turned the vessel wholly out of the
course of his policy.
Burke.
A government which is either unable or unwilling to redress
such wrongs is derelict to its highest duties.
J. Buchanan.
Der"e*lict, n. (Law) (a)
A thing voluntary abandoned or willfully cast away by its
proper owner, especially a ship abandoned at sea.
(b) A tract of land left dry by the sea, and fit
for cultivation or use.
Der`e*lic"tion (?), n. [L.
derelictio.]
1. The act of leaving with an intention not to
reclaim or resume; an utter forsaking abandonment.
Cession or dereliction, actual or tacit, of other
powers.
Burke.
2. A neglect or omission as if by willful
abandonment.
A total dereliction of military duties.
Sir W. Scott.
3. The state of being left or abandoned.
4. (Law) A retiring of the sea,
occasioning a change of high-water mark, whereby land is
gained.
De`re*li"gion*ize (?), v. t. To
make irreligious; to turn from religion. [R.]
He would dereligionize men beyond all others.
De Quincey.
Dere"ling (?), n.
Darling. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dere"ling (?), n.
Darling. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Derf (?), a. [Icel.
djafr.] Strong; powerful; fierce.
[Obs.] -- Derf"ly,
adv. [Obs.]
De*ride" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Derided; p. pr.
& vb. n. Deriding.] [L.
deridere, derisum; de- +
rid/re to laugh. See Ridicule.]
To laugh at with contempt; to laugh to scorn; to turn to
ridicule or make sport of; to mock; to scoff at.
And the Pharisees, also, . . . derided him.
Luke xvi. 14.
Sport that wrinkled Care derides.
And Laughter holding both his sides.
Milton.
Syn. -- To mock; laugh at; ridicule; insult; taunt; jeer;
banter; rally. -- To Deride,
Ridicule, Mock, Taunt. A man may
ridicule without any unkindness of feeling; his object
may be to correct; as, to ridicule the follies of
the age. He who derides is actuated by a severe a
contemptuous spirit; as, to deride one for his
religious principles. To mock is stronger, and
denotes open and scornful derision; as, to mock at
sin. To taunt is to reproach with the keenest
insult; as, to taunt one for his misfortunes.
Ridicule consists more in words than in actions;
derision and mockery evince themselves in
actions as well as words; taunts are always expressed
in words of extreme bitterness.
De*rid"er (?), n. One who
derides, or laughs at, another in contempt; a mocker; a
scoffer.
De*rid"ing*ly, adv. By way of derision
or mockery.
De*ri"sion (?), n. [L.
derisio: cf. F. d\'82rision. See
Deride.]
1. The act of deriding, or the state of being
derided; mockery; scornful or contemptuous treatment which holds
one up to ridicule.
He that sitteth in the heavens shall laugh; the Lord shall
have them in derision.
Ps. ii. 4.
Sa/an beheld their plight,
And to his mates thus in derision called.
Milton.
2. An object of derision or scorn; a
laughing-stock.
I was a derision to all my people.
Lam. iii. 14.
Syn. -- Scorn; mockery; contempt; insult; ridicule.
De*ri"sive (?), a. Expressing,
serving for, or characterized by, derision.
\'bdDerisive taunts.\'b8 Pope. --
De*ri"sive*ly, adv. --
De*ri"sive*ness, n.
De*ri"so*ry (?), a. [L.
derisorius: cf. F. d\'82risoire.]
Derisive; mocking.
Shaftesbury.
De*riv"a*ble (?), a. [From
Derive.] That can be derived; obtainable by
transmission; capable of being known by inference, as from
premises or data; capable of being traced, as from a radical;
as, income is derivable from various
sources.
All honor derivable upon me.
South.
The exquisite pleasure derivable from the true and
beautiful relations of domestic life.
H. G. Bell.
The argument derivable from the doxologies.
J. H. Newman.
De*riv"a*bly, adv. By derivation.
De*riv"al (?), n.
Derivation. [R.]
The derival of e from a.
Earle.
Der"i*vate (?), a. [L.
derivatus, p. p. of derivare. See
Derive.] Derived; derivative.
[R.] H. Taylor. -- n.
A thing derived; a derivative.
[R.]
Der"i*vate (?), v. t. To
derive. [Obs.]
Huloet.
Der`i*va"tion (?), n. [L.
derivatio: cf. F. d\'82rivation. See
Derive.]
1. A leading or drawing off of water from a stream
or source. [Obs.]
T. Burnet.
2. The act of receiving anything from a source; the
act of procuring an effect from a cause, means, or condition, as
profits from capital, conclusions or opinions from
evidence.
As touching traditional communication, . . . I do not doubt
but many of those truths have had the help of that
derivation.
Sir M. Hale.
3. The act of tracing origin or descent, as in
grammar or genealogy; as, the derivation of a word
from an Aryan root.
4. The state or method of being derived; the
relation of origin when established or asserted.
5. That from which a thing is derived.
6. That which is derived; a derivative; a
deduction.
From the Euphrates into an artificial derivation of
that river.
Gibbon.
7. (Math.) The operation of deducing one
function from another according to some fixed law, called the
law of derivation, as the of differentiation or of
integration.
8. (Med.) A drawing of humors or fluids
from one part of the body to another, to relieve or lessen a
morbid process.
Der`i*va"tion*al (?), a.
Relating to derivation.
Earle.
De*riv"a*tive (?), a. [L.
derivativus: cf. F. d\'82rivatif.]
Obtained by derivation; derived; not radical, original, or
fundamental; originating, deduced, or formed from something else;
secondary; as, a derivative conveyance; a
derivative word.
Derivative circulation, a modification of the
circulation found in some parts of the body, in which the
arteries empty directly into the veins without the interposition
of capillaries.
Flint.
-- De*riv"a*tive*ly, adv. --
De*riv"a*tive*ness, n.
De*riv"a*tive, n.
1. That which is derived; anything obtained or
deduced from another.
2. (Gram.) A word formed from another
word, by a prefix or suffix, an internal modification, or some
other change; a word which takes its origin from a root.
3. (Mus.) A chord, not fundamental, but
obtained from another by inversion; or, vice versa, a
ground tone or root implied in its harmonics in an actual
chord.
4. (Med.) An agent which is adapted to
produce a derivation (in the medical sense).
5. (Math.) A derived function; a
function obtained from a given function by a certain algebraic
process.
Differential
coefficient, under Differential.
6. (Chem.) A substance so related to
another substance by modification or partial substitution as to
be regarded as derived from it; thus, the amido compounds are
derivatives of ammonia, and the hydrocarbons are
derivatives of methane, benzene, etc.
De*rive" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Derived
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deriving.] [F. d\'82river,
L. derivare; de- + rivus stream,
brook. See Rival.]
1. To turn the course of, as water; to divert and
distribute into subordinate channels; to diffuse; to communicate;
to transmit; -- followed by to, into,
on, upon. [Obs.]
For fear it [water] choke up the pits . . . they [the workman]
derive it by other drains.
Holland.
Her due loves derived to that vile witch's
share.
Spenser.
Derived to us by tradition from Adam to Noah.
Jer. Taylor.
2. To receive, as from a source or origin; to
obtain by descent or by transmission; to draw; to deduce; --
followed by from.
<-- p. 396 -->
3. To trace the origin, descent, or derivation of;
to recognize transmission of; as, he derives this
word from the Anglo-Saxon.
From these two causes . . . an ancient set of physicians
derived all diseases.
Arbuthnot.
4. (Chem.) To obtain one substance from
another by actual or theoretical substitution; as, to
derive an organic acid from its corresponding
hydrocarbon.
Syn. -- To trace; deduce; infer.
De*rive" (?), v. i. To flow; to
have origin; to descend; to proceed; to be deduced.
Shak.
Power from heaven
Derives, and monarchs rule by gods appointed.
Prior.
De*rive"ment (?), n. That which
is derived; deduction; inference. [Obs.]
I offer these derivements from these subjects.
W. Montagu.
De*riv"er (?), n. One who
derives.
Derk (?), a. Dark.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
-derm (?). [See Derm,
n.] A suffix or terminal formative, much
used in anatomical terms, and signifying skin,
integument, covering; as,
blastoderm, ectoderm, etc.
Derm (?), n. [Gr. /, /,
skin, fr. / to skin, flay: cf. F. derme. See
Tear, v. t.]
1. The integument of animal; the skin.
2. (Anat.) See Dermis.
\'d8Der"ma (?), n. [NL. See
Derm.] (Anat.) See
Dermis.
Derm"al (?), a. [From
Derm.]
1. Pertaining to the integument or skin of animals;
dermic; as, the dermal secretions.
2. (Anat.) Pertaining to the dermis or
true skin.
\'d8Der*map"te*ra (?),
Der*map"ter*an (/), n.
(Zo\'94l.) See Dermoptera,
Dermopteran.
{ Der*mat"ic (?), Der"ma*tine
(?), } a. [Gr. /, /, fr. /
skin.] Of or pertaining to the skin.
Der`ma*ti"tis (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. /, /, skin + -itis.] (Med.)
Inflammation of the skin.
Der*mat"o*gen (?), n. [Gr. /,
/, skin + -gen.] (Bot.)
Nascent epidermis, or external cuticle of plants in a
forming condition.
Der*mat"o*gen (?), n. [Gr. /,
/, skin + -gen.] (Bot.)
Nascent epidermis, or external cuticle of plants in a
forming condition.
Der*ma*tog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr.
/, /, skin + -graphy.] An anatomical
description of, or treatise on, the skin.
Der"ma*toid (?), a. [Gr. /,
/, skin + -oid: cf. F. dermato\'8bde. Cf.
Dermoid.] Resembling /kin; skinlike.
Der`ma*tol"o*gist (?), n. One
who discourses on the skin and its diseases; one versed in
dermatology.
Der`ma*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr.
/, /, skin + -logy: cf. F.
dermatologie.] The science which treats of
the skin, its structure, functions, and diseases.
Der`ma*to*path"ic (?), a. [Gr.
/, /, skin + / suffering.] (Med.) Of
or pertaining to skin diseases, or their cure.
Der*mat"o*phyte (?), n. [Gr.
/, /, skin + / plant.] (Med.) A
vegetable parasite, infesting the skin.
\'d8Der*mes"tes (?), n. [NL.,
from Gr. /; / skin + root of / to eat.]
(Zo\'94l.) A genus of coleopterous insects, the
larv\'91 of which feed animal substances. They are very
destructive to dries meats, skins, woolens, and furs. The most
common species is D. lardarius, known as the
bacon beetle.
Der*mes"toid (?), a.
[Dermestes + -oid.]
(Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to or resembling the genus
Dermestes.
The carpet beetle, called the buffalo moth, is a
dermestoid beetle.
Pop. Sci. Monthly.
Der"mic (?), a.
1. Relating to the derm or skin.
2. (Anat.) Pertaining to the dermis;
dermal.
Underneath each nail the deep or dermic layer of
the integument is peculiarly modified.
Huxley.
Dermic remedies (Med.), such as act
through the skin.
\'d8Der"mis (?), n. [NL. See
Derm.] (Anat.) The deep sensitive
layer of the skin beneath the scarfskin or epidermis; -- called
also true skin, derm,
derma, corium,
cutis, and enderon. See
Skin, and Illust. in Appendix.
\'d8Der`mo*bran`chi*a"ta (?), n. pl.
[NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of nudibranch
mollusks without special gills.
Der`mo*bran"chi*ate (?), a.
[Derm + branchiate.]
(Zo\'94l.) Having the skin modified to serve as a
gill.
Der`mo*h\'91"mal (?), a.
(Anat.) Pertaining to, or in relation with, both
dermal and h\'91mal structures; as, the
dermoh\'91mal spines or ventral fin rays of
fishes.
Der"moid (?), a.
[Derm + -oid: cf. F.
dermo\'8bde.] Same as
Dermatoid.
Dermoid cyst (Med.), a cyst
containing skin, or structures connected with skin, such as
hair.
Der`mo*neu"ral (?), a.
(Anat.) Pertaining to, or in relation with, both
dermal and neural structures; as, the dermoneural
spines or dorsal fin rays of fishes.
Owen.
Der`mo*path"ic (?), a.
(Med.) Dermatopathic.
Der"mo*phyte (?), n. A
dermatophyte.
\'d8Der*mop"te*ra (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / skin + / wing.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) The division of insects
which includes the earwigs (Forticulid\'91).
2. (Zo\'94l.) A group of lemuroid
mammals having a parachutelike web of skin between the fore and
hind legs, of which the colugo (Galeopithecus) is the
type. See Colugo.
3. (Zo\'94l.) An order of Mammalia; the
Cheiroptera.
[Written also Dermaptera, and
Dermatoptera.]
Der*mop"ter*an (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) An insect which has the anterior pair
of wings coriaceous, and does not use them in flight, as the
earwig.
\'d8Der*mop"te*ri (?), n. pl.
[NL.] (Zo\'94l.) Same as
Dermopterygii.
\'d8Der*mop`te*ryg"i*i (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / skin + / wing, fin, dim. of /
wing.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of fishlike
animals including the Marsipobranchiata and Leptocardia.
Der`mo*skel"e*ton (?), n.
[Derm + skeleton.]
(Anat.) See Exoskeleton.
\'d8Der`mos*to"sis (?), n.
[NL., from Gr. / skin + / bone.]
(Physiol.) Ossification of the dermis.
Dern (?), n. [Etymol.
uncertain.] A gatepost or doorpost. [Local
Eng.]
C. Kingsley.
Dern, a. [See Dearn,
a.]
1. Hidden; concealed; secret.
[Obs.] \'bdYe must be full dern.\'b8
Chaucer.
2. Solitary; sad. [Obs.]
Dr. H. More.
Derne (?), v. t. & i. [AS.
dyrnan to hide. See Dern, a.,
Dearn, a.] To hide; to
skulk. [Scot.]
He at length escaped them by derning himself in a
foxearth.
H. Miller.
Dern"ful (?), a. Secret; hence,
lonely; sad; mournful. [Obs.]
\'bdDernful noise.\'b8
Spenser.
\'d8Der`nier" (?), a. [F., from
OF. darrein, derrain. See
Darrein.] Last; final.
Dernier ressort (/) [F.],
last resort or expedient.
Dern"ly (?), adv. Secretly;
grievously; mournfully. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Der"o*gant (?), a. [L.
derogans, p. pr.] Derogatory.
[R.]
T. Adams.
Der"o*gate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Derogated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Derogating
(?).] [L. derogatus, p. p.
of derogare to derogate; de- +
rogare to ask, to ask the people about a law. See
Rogation.]
1. To annul in part; to repeal partly; to restrict;
to limit the action of; -- said of a law.
By several contrary customs, . . . many of the civil and canon
laws are controlled and derogated.
Sir M. Hale.
2. To lessen; to detract from; to disparage; to
depreciate; -- said of a person or thing. [R.]
Anything . . . that should derogate, minish, or
hurt his glory and his name.
Sir T. More.
Der"o*gate (?), v. i.
1. To take away; to detract; to withdraw; --
usually with from.
If we did derogate from them whom their industry
hath made great.
Hooker.
It derogates little from his fortitude, while it
adds infinitely to the honor of his humanity.
Burke.
2. To act beneath one-s rank, place, birth, or
character; to degenerate. [R.]
You are a fool granted; therefore your issues, being foolish,
do not derogate.
Shak.
Would Charles X. derogate from his ancestors? Would
he be the degenerate scion of that royal line?
Hazlitt.
Der"o*gate (?), n. [L.
derogatus, p. p.] Diminished in value;
dishonored; degraded. [R.]
Shak.
Der"o*gate*ly, adv. In a derogatory
manner.
Der`o*ga"tion (?), n. [L.
derogatio: cf. F. d\'82rogation.]
1. The act of derogating, partly repealing, or
lessening in value; disparagement; detraction; depreciation; --
followed by of, from, or
to.
I hope it is no derogation to the Christian
religion.
Locke.
He counted it no derogation of his manhood to be
seen to weep.
F. W. Robertson.
2. (Stock Exch.) An alteration of, or
subtraction from, a contract for a sale of stocks.
De*rog"a*tive (?), a.
Derogatory. -- De*rog"a*tive*ly,
adv. [R.]
Sir T. Browne.
Der"o*ga`tor (?), n. [L.]
A detractor.
De*rog"a*to*ri*ly (?), adv. In
a derogatory manner; disparagingly.
Aubrey.
De*rog"a*to*ri*ness, n. Quality of being
derogatory.
De*rog"a*to*ry (?), a. Tending
to derogate, or lessen in value; expressing derogation;
detracting; injurious; -- with from to, or
unto.
Acts of Parliament derogatory from the power of
subsequent Parliaments bind not.
Blackstone.
His language was severely censured by some of his brother
peers as derogatory to their other.
Macaulay.
Derogatory clause in a testament (Law),
a sentence of secret character inserted by the testator
alone, of which he reserves the knowledge to himself, with a
condition that no will he may make thereafter shall be valid,
unless this clause is inserted word for word; -- a precaution to
guard against later wills extorted by violence, or obtained by
suggestion.
\'d8Der`o*tre"ma*ta (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / skin + /, /, hole.]
(Zo\'94l.) The tribe of aquatic Amphibia which
includes Amphiuma, Menopoma, etc. They have permanent gill
openings, but no external gills; -- called also
Cryptobranchiata. [Written also
Derotrema.]
Der"re (?), a. Dearer.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Der"rick (?), n. [Orig., a
gallows, from a hangman named Derrick. The name is of
Dutch origin; D. Diederik, Dierryk, prop.
meaning, chief of the people; cf. AS. pe\'a2dric, E.
Theodoric, G. Dietrich. See Dutch,
and Rich.] A mast, spar, or tall frame,
supported at the top by stays or guys, with suitable tackle for
hoisting heavy weights, as stones in building.
Derrick crane, a combination of the derrick
and the crane, having facility for hoisting and also for swinging
the load horizontally.
Der"ring, a. Daring or warlike.
[Obs.]
Drad for his derring doe and bloody deed.
Spenser.
Der"rin*ger (?), n. [From the
American inventor.] A kind of short-barreled pocket
pistol, of very large caliber, often carrying a half-ounce
ball.
Derth (?), n. Dearth;
scarcity. [Obs.]
Spenser.
\'d8Der`tro*the"ca (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / beak + / box, case.]
(Zo\'94l.) The horny covering of the end of the
bill of birds.
{ Der"vish (?), Der"vise
(?), Der"vis (?), }
n. [Per. derw/sch, fr. OPer.
derew to beg, ask alms: cf. F.
derviche.] A Turkish or Persian monk,
especially one who professes extreme poverty and leads an austere
life.
Der"worth (?), a. [AS.
de\'a2rwurpe, lit., dearworth.]
Precious. [Obs.]
Piers Plowman.
Des"cant (?), n. [OF.
descant, deschant, F.
d\'82chant, discant, LL.
discantus, fr. L. dis + cantus singing,
melody, fr. canere to sing. See Chant, and
cf. Descant, v. i., Discant.]
1. (Mus.) (a) Originally, a
double song; a melody or counterpoint sung above the plain song
of the tenor; a variation of an air; a variation by ornament of
the main subject or plain song. (b) The upper
voice in part music. (c) The
canto, cantus, or soprano voice; the
treble.
Grove.
Twenty doctors expound one text twenty ways, as children make
descant upon plain song.
Tyndale.
She [the nightingale] all night long her amorous
descant sung.
Milton.
d\'82chant, of the 12th century.
2. A discourse formed on its theme, like variations
on a musical air; a comment or comments.
Upon that simplest of themes how magnificent a
descant!
De Quincey.
Des*cant" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Descanted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Descanting.] [From
descant; n.; or directly fr. OF.
descanter, deschanter; L. dis- +
cantare to sing.]
1. To sing a variation or accomplishment.
2. To comment freely; to discourse with fullness
and particularity; to discourse at large.
A virtuous man should be pleased to find people
descanting on his actions.
Addison.
Des*cant"er (?), n. One who
descants.
De*scend" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Descended; p.
pr. & vb. n. Descending.] [F.
descendre, L. descendere,
descensum; de- + scandere to
climb. See Scan.]
1. To pass from a higher to a lower place; to move
downwards; to come or go down in any way, as by falling, flowing,
walking, etc.; to plunge; to fall; to incline downward; -- the
opposite of ascend.
The rain descended, and the floods came.
Matt. vii. 25.
We will here descend to matters of later date.
Fuller.
2. To enter mentally; to retire.
[Poetic]
[He] with holiest meditations fed,
Into himself descended.
Milton.
3. To make an attack, or incursion, as if from a
vantage ground; to come suddenly and with violence; -- with
on or upon.
And on the suitors let thy wrath descend.
Pope.
4. To come down to a lower, less fortunate,
humbler, less virtuous, or worse, state or station; to lower or
abase one's self; as, he descended from his high
estate.
5. To pass from the more general or important to
the particular or less important matters to be considered.
6. To come down, as from a source, original, or
stock; to be derived; to proceed by generation or by
transmission; to fall or pass by inheritance; as, the beggar
may descend from a prince; a crown descends to
the heir.
7. (Anat.) To move toward the south, or
to the southward.
8. (Mus.) To fall in pitch; to pass from
a higher to a lower tone.
De*scend" (?), v. t. To go down
upon or along; to pass from a higher to a lower part of; as,
they descended the river in boats; to descend a
ladder.
But never tears his cheek descended.
Byron.
De*scend"ant (?), a. [F.
descendant, p. pr. of descendre. Cf.
Descendent.] Descendent.
De*scend"ant, n. One who descends, as
offspring, however remotely; -- correlative to
ancestor or ascendant.
Our first parents and their descendants.
Hale.
The descendant of so many kings and emperors.
Burke.
De*scend"ent (?), a. [L.
descendens, -entis, p. pr. of
descendre. Cf. Descendant.]
Descending; falling; proceeding from an ancestor or
source.
More than mortal grace
Speaks thee descendent of ethereal race.
Pope.
De*scend"er (?), n. One who
descends.
De*scend`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being descendible; capability of being transmitted
from ancestors; as, the descendibility of an
estate.
De*scend"i*ble (?), a.
1. Admitting descent; capable of being
descended.
2. That may descend from an ancestor to an
heir. \'bdA descendant estate.\'b8
Sir W. Jones.
De*scend"ing, a. Of or pertaining to
descent; moving downwards.
Descending constellations signs (Astron.), those through
which the planets descent toward the south. --
Descending node (Astron.), that point
in a planet's orbit where it intersects the ecliptic in passing
southward. -- Descending series
(Math.), a series in which each term is
numerically smaller than the preceding one; also, a series
arranged according to descending powers of a quantity.
De*scend"ing*ly, adv. In a descending
manner.
De*scen"sion (?), n. [OF.
descension, L. descensio. See
Descent.] The act of going downward; descent;
falling or sinking; declension; degradation.
Oblique descension (Astron.), the
degree or arc of the equator which descends, with a celestial
object, below the horizon of an oblique sphere. --
Right descension, the degree or arc of the equator
which descends below the horizon of a right sphere at the same
time with the object. [Obs.]
<-- p. 397 -->
De*scen"sion*al (?), a.
Pertaining to descension.
Johnson.
De*scen"sive (?), a. Tending to
descend; tending downwards; descending.
Smart.
De*scen"so*ry (?), n. [NL.
descensorium: cf. OF. descensoire. See
Descend.] A vessel used in alchemy to extract
oils.
De*scent" (?), n. [F.
descente, fr. descendre; like
vente, from vendre. See
Descend.]
1. The act of descending, or passing downward;
change of place from higher to lower.
2. Incursion; sudden attack; especially, hostile
invasion from sea; -- often followed by upon or
on; as, to make a descent upon the
enemy.
The United Provinces . . . ordered public prayer to God, when
they feared that the French and English fleets would make a
descent upon their coasts.
Jortin.
3. Progress downward, as in station, virtue, as in
station, virtue, and the like, from a higher to a lower state,
from a higher to a lower state, from the more to the less
important, from the better to the worse, etc.
2. Derivation, as from an ancestor; procedure by
generation; lineage; birth; extraction.
Dryden.
5. (Law) Transmission of an estate by
inheritance, usually, but not necessarily, in the descending
line; title to inherit an estate by reason of
consanguinity.
Abbott.
6. Inclination downward; a descending way; inclined
or sloping surface; declivity; slope; as, a steep
descent.
7. That which is descended; descendants;
issue.
If care of our descent perplex us most,
Which must be born to certain woe.
Milton.
8. A step or remove downward in any scale of
gradation; a degree in the scale of genealogy; a
generation.
No man living is a thousand descents removed from
Adam himself.
Hooker.
9. Lowest place; extreme downward place.
[R.]
And from the extremest upward of thy head,
To the descent and dust below thy foot.
Shak.
10. (Mus.) A passing from a higher to a
lower tone.
Syn. -- Declivity; slope; degradation; extraction; lineage;
assault; invasion; attack.
De*scrib"a*ble (?), a. That can
be described; capable of description.
De*scribe" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Described
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Describing.] [L. describere,
descriptum; de- + scribere to
write: cf. OE. descriven, OF. descrivre, F.
d\'82crire. See Scribe, and cf.
Descry.]
1. To represent by drawing; to draw a plan of; to
delineate; to trace or mark out; as, to describe a
circle by the compasses; a torch waved about the head in such a
way as to describe a circle.
2. To represent by words written or spoken; to give
an account of; to make known to others by words or signs; as,
the geographer describes countries and
cities.
3. To distribute into parts, groups, or classes; to
mark off; to class. [Obs.]
Passed through the land, and described it by cities
into seven parts in a book.
Josh. xviii. 9.
Syn. -- To set forth; represent; delineate; relate; recount;
narrate; express; explain; depict; portray; chracterize.
De*scribe", v. i. To use the faculty of
describing; to give a description; as, Milton
describes with uncommon force and beauty.
De*scrib"ent (?), n. [L.
describens, p. pr. of describere.]
(Geom.) Same as Generatrix.
De*scrib"er (?), n. One who
describes.
De*scri"er (?), n. One who
descries.
De*scrip"tion (?), n. [F.
description, L. descriptio. See
Describe.]
1. The act of describing; a delineation by marks or
signs.
2. A sketch or account of anything in words; a
portraiture or representation in language; an enumeration of the
essential qualities of a thing or species.
Milton has descriptions of morning.
D. Webster.
3. A class to which a certain representation is
applicable; kind; sort.
A difference . . . between them and another
description of public creditors.
A. Hamilton.
The plates were all of the meanest description.
Macaulay.
Syn. -- Account; definition; recital; relation; detail;
narrative; narration; explanation; delineation; representation;
kind; sort. See Definition.
De*scrip"tive (?), a. [L.
descriptivus: cf. F. descriptif.]
Tending to describe; having the quality of representing;
containing description; as, a descriptive figure; a
descriptive phrase; a descriptive narration; a
story descriptive of the age.
Descriptive anatomy, that part of anatomy
which treats of the forms and relations of parts, but not of
their textures. -- Descriptive geometry, that
branch of geometry. which treats of the graphic solution of
problems involving three dimensions, by means of projections upon
auxiliary planes.
Davies & Peck (Math. Dict. )
-- De*scrip"tive*ly, adv. --
De*scrip"tive*ness, n.
De*scrive" (?), v. t. [OF.
descrivre. See Describe.] To
describe. [Obs.]
Spenser.
De*scry" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Descried
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Descrying.] [OE. descrien,
discrien, to espy, prob. from the proclaiming of what
was espied, fr. OF. descrier to proclaim, cry down,
decry, F. d\'82crier. The word was confused somewhat
with OF. descriven, E. describe, OF.
descrivre, from L. describere. See
Decry.]
1. To spy out or discover by the eye, as objects
distant or obscure; to espy; to recognize; to discern; to
discover.
And the house of Joseph sent to descry Bethel.
Judg. i. 23.
Edmund, I think, is gone . . . to descry
The strength o' the enemy.
Shak.
And now their way to earth they had descried.
Milton.
2. To discover; to disclose; to reveal.
[R.]
His purple robe he had thrown aside, lest it should
descry him.
Milton.
Syn. -- To see; behold; espy; discover; discern.
De*scry" (?), Discovery or view, as of an
army seen at a distance. [Obs.]
Near, and on speedy foot; the main descry
Stands on the hourly thought.
Shak.
Des"e*cate (?), v. t. [L.
desecare to cut off.] To cut, as with a
scythe; to mow. [Obs.]
Des"e*crate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Desecrated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Desecrating
(?).] [L. desecratus, p. p.
of desecrare (also desacrare) to
consecrate, dedicate; but taken in the sense if to divest of a
sacred character; de- + sacrare to
consecrate, fr. sacer sacred. See
Sacred.] To divest of a sacred character or
office; to divert from a sacred purpose; to violate the sanctity
of; to profane; to put to an unworthy use; -- the opposite of
consecrate.
The [Russian] clergy can not suffer corporal punishment
without being previously desecrated.
W. Tooke.
The founders of monasteries imprecated evil on those who
should desecrate their donations.
Salmon.
Des"e*cra`ter (?), n. One who
desecrates; a profaner.
Harper's Mag.
Des`e*cra"tion (?), n. The act
of desecrating; profanation; condition of anything
desecrated.
Des"e*cra`tor (?), n. One who
desecrates. \'bdDesecrators of the church.\'b8
Morley.
De*seg`men*ta"tion (?), n.
(Anat.) The loss or obliteration of division into
segments; as, a desegmentation of the
body.
De*sert" (?), n. [OF.
deserte, desserte, merit, recompense, fr.
deservir, desservir, to merit. See
Deserve.] That which is deserved; the reward
or the punishment justly due; claim to recompense, usually in a
good sense; right to reward; merit.
According to their deserts will I judge them.
Ezek. vii. 27.
Andronicus, surnamed Pius
For many good and great deserts to Rome.
Shak.
His reputation falls far below his desert.
A. Hamilton.
Syn. -- Merit; worth; excellence; due.
Des"ert (?), n. [F.
d\'82sert, L. desertum, from
desertus solitary, desert, pp. of deserere
to desert; de- + serere to join together.
See Series.]
1. A deserted or forsaken region; a barren tract
incapable of supporting population, as the vast sand plains of
Asia and Africa are destitute and vegetation.
A dreary desert and a gloomy waste.
Pope.
2. A tract, which may be capable of sustaining a
population, but has been left unoccupied and uncultivated; a
wilderness; a solitary place.
He will make her wilderness like Eden, and her
desert like the garden of the Lord.
Is. li. 3.
Also figuratively.
Before her extended
Dreary and vast and silent, the desert of life.
Longfellow.
Des"ert, a. [Cf. L. desertus,
p. p. of deserere, and F. d\'82sert. See 2d
Desert.] Of or pertaining to a desert;
forsaken; without life or cultivation; unproductive; waste;
barren; wild; desolate; solitary; as, they landed on a
desert island.
He . . . went aside privately into a desert
place.
Luke ix. 10.
Full many a flower is born to blush unseen,
And waste its sweetness on the desert air.
Gray.
Desert flora (Bot.), the assemblage
of plants growing naturally in a desert, or in a dry and
apparently unproductive place. -- Desert hare
(Zo\'94l.), a small hare (Lepus
sylvaticus, var. Arizon\'91) inhabiting the
deserts of the Western United States. -- Desert
mouse (Zo\'94l.), an American mouse
(Hesperomys eremicus), living in the Western
deserts.
De*sert" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deserted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Deserting.] [Cf. L.
desertus, p. p. of deserere to desert, F.
d\'82serter. See 2d Desert.]
1. To leave (especially something which one should
stay by and support); to leave in the lurch; to abandon; to
forsake; -- implying blame, except sometimes when used of
localities; as, to desert a friend, a
principle, a cause, one's country. \'bdThe
deserted fortress.\'b8
Prescott.
2. (Mil.) To abandon (the service)
without leave; to forsake in violation of duty; to abscond from;
as, to desert the army; to desert one's
colors.
De*sert", v. i. To abandon a service
without leave; to quit military service without permission,
before the expiration of one's term; to abscond.
The soldiers . . . deserted in numbers.
Bancroft.
Syn. -- To abandon; forsake; leave; relinquish; renounce;
quit; depart from; abdicate. See Abandon.
De*sert"er (/), n. One who
forsakes a duty, a cause or a party, a friend, or any one to whom
he owes service; especially, a soldier or a seaman who abandons
the service without leave; one guilty of desertion.
De*sert"ful (?), a.
Meritorious. [R.]
Beau. & Fl.
De*ser"tion (?), n. [L.
desertio: cf. F. d\'82sertion.]
1. The act of deserting or forsaking; abandonment
of a service, a cause, a party, a friend, or any post of duty;
the quitting of one's duties willfully and without right; esp.,
an absconding from military or naval service.
Such a resignation would have seemed to his superior a
desertion or a reproach.
Bancroft.
2. The state of being forsaken; desolation; as,
the king in his desertion.
3. Abandonment by God; spiritual despondency.
The spiritual agonies of a soul under
desertion.
South.
De*sert"less (?), a. Without
desert. [R.]
De*sert"less*ly, adv.
Undeservedly. [R.]
Beau. & Fl.
Des"ert*ness (?), n. A deserted
condition. [R.] \'bdThe desertness
of the country.\'b8
Udall.
{ De*sert"rix (?), De*sert"rice
(?), } n. [L.
desertrix.] A feminine deserter.
Milton.
De*serve" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deserved
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deserving.] [OF. deservir,
desservir, to merit, L. deservire to serve
zealously, be devoted to; de- + servire to
serve. See Serve.]
1. To earn by service; to be worthy of (something
due, either good or evil); to merit; to be entitled to; as,
the laborer deserves his wages; a work of value
deserves praise.
God exacteth of thee less than thine iniquity
deserveth.
Job xi. 6.
John Gay deserved to be a favorite.
Thackeray.
Encouragement is not held out to things that
deserve reprehension.
Burke.
2. To serve; to treat; to benefit.
[Obs.]
A man that hath
So well deserved me.
Massinger.
De*serve" (?), v. i. To be
worthy of recompense; -- usually with ill or with
well.
One man may merit or deserve of another.
South.
De*serv"ed*ly (?), adv.
According to desert (whether good or evil); justly.
De*serv"ed*ness, n.
Meritoriousness.
De*serv"er (?), n. One who
deserves.
De*serv"ing, n. Desert; merit.
A person of great deservings from the republic.
Swift.
De*serv"ing, a. Meritorious; worthy;
as, a deserving or act. --
De*serv"ing*ly, adv.
Des`ha*bille (?), n. [F.
d\'82shabill\'82, fr. d\'82shabiller to
undress; pref. d\'82s- (L. dis-) +
habiller to dress. See Habiliment, and cf.
Dishabille.] An undress; a careless
toilet.
De*sic"cant (?), a. [L.
desiccans, p. pr. of desiccare. See
Desiccate.] Drying; desiccative. --
n. (Med.) A medicine or
application for drying up a sore.
Wiseman.
Des"ic*cate (?; 277), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Desiccated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Desiccating.] [L.
desiccatus, p. p. of desiccare to dry up;
de- + siccare to dry, siccus
dry. See Sack wine.] To dry up; to deprive or
exhaust of moisture; to preserve by drying; as, to
desiccate fish or fruit.
Bodies desiccated by heat or age.
Bacon.
Des"ic*cate, v. i. To become dry.
Des`ic*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
dessiccation.] The act of desiccating, or
the state of being desiccated.
De*sic"ca*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
dessicatif.] Drying; tending to dry.
Ferrand. -- n. (Med.)
An application for drying up secretions.
Des"ic*ca`tor (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, desiccates.
2. (Chem.) A short glass jar fitted with
an air-tight cover, and containing some desiccating agent, as
sulphuric acid or calcium chloride, above which is suspended the
material to be dried, or preserved from moisture.
De*sic"ca*to*ry (?), a.
Desiccative.
De*sid"er*a*ble (?), a.
Desirable. [R.] \'bdGood and
desiderable things.\'b8
Holland.
\'d8De*sid`e*ra"ta (?), n. pl.
See Desideratum.
De*sid"er*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Desiderated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Desiderating.] [L.
desideratus, p. p. of desiderare to desire,
miss. See Desire, and cf. Desideratum.]
To desire; to feel the want of; to lack; to miss; to
want.
Pray have the goodness to point out one word missing that
ought to have been there -- please to insert a
desiderated stanza. You can not.
Prof. Wilson.
Men were beginning . . . to desiderate for them an
actual abode of fire.
A. W. Ward.
De*sid`er*a"tion (?), n. [L.
desideratio.] Act of desiderating; also,
the thing desired. [R.]
Jeffrey.
De*sid"er*a*tive (?), a. [L.
desiderativus.] Denoting desire; as,
desiderative verbs.
De*sid"er*a*tive, n.
1. An object of desire.
2. (Gram.) A verb formed from another
verb by a change of termination, and expressing the desire of
doing that which is indicated by the primitive verb.
\'d8De*sid`e*ra"tum (?), n.;
pl. Desiderata (#). [L., fr.
desideratus, p. p. See Desiderate.]
Anything desired; that of which the lack is felt; a want
generally felt and acknowledge.
{ De*sid"i*ose` (?), De*sid"i*ous
(?), } a. [L.
desidiosus, fr. desidia a sitting idle, fr.
desid/re to sit idle; de- +
sed/re to sit.] Idle; lazy.
[Obs.]
De*sid"i*ous*ness, n. The state or
quality of being desidiose, or indolent.
[Obs.]
N. Bacon.
De*sight" (?), n. [Pref.
de- + sight.] An unsightly
object. [Obs.]
De*sight"ment (?), n. The act
of making unsightly; disfigurement. [R.]
To substitute jury masts at whatever desightment or
damage in risk.
London Times.
De*sign" (?; 277), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Designed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Designing.] [F. d\'82signer
to designate, cf. F. dessiner to draw,
dessin drawing, dessein a plan or scheme;
all, ultimately, from L. designare to designate;
de- + signare to mark, mark out,
signum mark, sign. See Sign, and cf.
Design, n., Designate.]
1. To draw preliminary outline or main features of;
to sketch for a pattern or model; to delineate; to trace out; to
draw.
Dryden.
2. To mark out and exhibit; to designate; to
indicate; to show; to point out; to appoint.
We shall see
Justice design the victor's chivalry.
Shak.
Meet me to-morrow where the master
And this fraternity shall design.
Beau. & Fl.
3. To create or produce, as a work of art; to form
a plan or scheme of; to form in idea; to invent; to project; to
lay out in the mind; as, a man designs an essay, a
poem, a statue, or a cathedral.
4. To intend or purpose; -- usually with
for before the remote object, but sometimes with
to.
Ask of politicians the end for which laws were originally
designed.
Burke.
He was designed to the study of the law.
Dryden.
Syn. -- To sketch; plan; purpose; intend; propose; project;
mean.
De*sign", v. i. To form a design or
designs; to plan.
Design for, to intend to go to.
[Obs.] \'bdFrom this city she designed for
Collin [Cologne].\'b8
Evelyn.
<-- p. 398 -->
De*sign" (?), n. [Cf.
dessein, dessin.]
1. A preliminary sketch; an outline or pattern of
the main features of something to be executed, as of a picture, a
building, or a decoration; a delineation; a plan.
2. A plan or scheme formed in the mind of something
to be done; preliminary conception; idea intended to be expressed
in a visible form or carried into action; intention; purpose; --
often used in a bad sense for evil intention or purpose; scheme;
plot.
The vast design and purpos/ of the King.
Tennyson.
The leaders of that assembly who withstood the
designs of a besotted woman.
Hallam.
A . . . settled design upon another man's life.
Locke.
How little he could guess the secret designs of the
court!
Macaulay.
3. Specifically, intention or purpose as revealed
or inferred from the adaptation of means to an end; as, the
argument from design.
4. The realization of an inventive or decorative
plan; esp., a work of decorative art considered as a new
creation; conception or plan shown in completed work; as,
this carved panel is a fine design, or of a fine
design.
5. (Mus.) The invention and conduct of
the subject; the disposition of every part, and the general order
of the whole.
Arts of design, those into which the designing
of artistic forms and figures enters as a principal part, as
architecture, painting, engraving, sculpture. -- School
of design, one in which are taught the invention and
delineation of artistic or decorative figures, patterns, and the
like.
Syn. -- Intention; purpose; scheme; project; plan;
idea. -- Design, Intention,
Purpose. Design has reference to something
definitely aimed at. Intention points to the feelings
or desires with which a thing is sought. Purpose has
reference to a settled choice or determination for its
attainment. \'bdI had no design to injure you,\'b8
means it was no part of my aim or object. \'bdI had no
intention to injure you,\'b8 means, I had no wish or
desire of that kind. \'bdMy purpose was directly the
reverse,\'b8 makes the case still stronger.
Is he a prudent man . . . that lays designs only
for a day, without any prospect to the remaining part of his
life?
Tillotson.
I wish others the same intention, and greater
successes.
Sir W. Temple.
It is the purpose that makes strong the vow.
Shak.
Des"ig*na*ble (?), a. Capable
of being designated or distinctly marked out;
distinguishable.
Boyle.
Des"ig*nate (?), a. [L.
designatus, p. p. of designare. See
Design, v. t.] Designated;
appointed; chosen. [R.]
Sir G. Buck.
Des"ig*nate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Designated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Designating.]
1. To mark out and make known; to point out; to
name; to indicate; to show; to distinguish by marks or
description; to specify; as, to designate the
boundaries of a country; to designate the rioters who
are to be arrested.
2. To call by a distinctive title; to name.
3. To indicate or set apart for a purpose or duty;
-- with to or for; to designate
an officer for or to the command of a post or station.
Syn. -- To name; denominate; style; entitle; characterize;
describe.
Des`ig*na"tion (?), n. [L.
designatio: cf. F. d\'82signation.]
1. The act of designating; a pointing out or
showing; indication.
2. Selection and appointment for a purpose;
allotment; direction.
3. That which designates; a distinguishing mark or
name; distinctive title; appellation.
The usual designation of the days of the week.
Whewell.
4. Use or application; import; intention;
signification, as of a word or phrase.
Finite and infinite seem . . . to be attributed primarily, in
their first designation, only to those things have
parts.
Locke.
Des"ig*na*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82signatif.] Serving to designate or
indicate; pointing out.
Des"ig*na`tor (?), n.
[L.]
1. (Rom. Antiq.) An officer who assigned
to each his rank and place in public shows and ceremonies.
2. One who designates.
Des"ig*na*to*ry (?), a. Serving
to designate; designative; indicating. [R.]
De*sign"ed*ly (?), adv. By
design; purposely; intentionally; -- opposed to
accidentally, ignorantly, or
inadvertently.
De*sign"er (?), n.
1. One who designs, marks out, or plans; a
contriver.
2. (Fine Arts) One who produces or
creates original works of art or decoration.
3. A plotter; a schemer; -- used in a bad
sense.
De*sign"ful (?), a. Full of
design; scheming. [R.] --
De*sign"ful*ness, n.
[R.]
Barrow.
De*sign"ing, a. Intriguing; artful;
scheming; as, a designing man.
De*sign"ing, n. The act of making
designs or sketches; the act of forming designs or plans.
De*sign"less, a. Without design.
[Obs.] -- De*sign"less*ly,
adv. [Obs.]
De*sign"ment (?), n.
1. Delineation; sketch; design; ideal;
invention. [Obs.]
For though that some mean artist's skill were shown
In mingling colors, or in placing light,
Yet still the fair designment was his own.
Dryden.
2. Design; purpose; scheme.
[Obs.]
Shak.
De*sil"ver (?), v. t. To
deprive of silver; as, to desilver lead.
De*sil`ver*i*za"tion (?), n.
The act or the process of freeing from silver; also, the
condition resulting from the removal of silver.
De*sil"ver*ize (?), v. t. To
deprive, or free from, silver; to remove silver from.
Des"i*nence (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82sinence.] Termination; ending.
Bp. Hall.
Des"i*nent (?), a. [L.
desinens, p. pr. of desinere,
desitum, to leave off, cease; de- +
sinere to let, allow.] Ending; forming an
end; lowermost. [Obs.] \'bdTheir
desinent parts, fish.\'b8
B. Jonson.
Des`i*nen"tial (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82sinentiel.] Terminal.
Furthermore, b, as a desinential
element, has a dynamic function.
Fitzed. Hall.
De*sip"i*ent (?), a. [L.
desipiens, p. pr. of desipere to be
foolish; de- + sapere to be wise.]
Foolish; silly; trifling. [R.]
De*sir`a*bil"i*ty, n. The state or
quality of being desirable; desirableness.
De*sir"a*ble (?), a. [F.
d\'82sirable, fr. L. desiderabilis. See
Desire, v. t.] Worthy of desire or
longing; fitted to excite desire or a wish to possess; pleasing;
agreeable.
All of them desirable young men.
Ezek. xxiii. 12.
As things desirable excite
Desire, and objects move the appetite.
Blackmore.
De*sir"a*ble*ness, n. The quality of
being desirable.
The desirableness of the Austrian alliance.
Froude.
De*sir"a*bly, adv. In a desirable
manner.
De*sire" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Desired
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Desiring.] [F. d\'82sirer,
L. desiderare, origin uncertain, perh. fr.
de- + sidus star, constellation, and hence
orig., to turn the eyes from the stars. Cf. Consider,
and Desiderate, and see Sidereal.]
1. To long for; to wish for earnestly; to
covet.
Neither shall any man desire thy land.
Ex. xxxiv. 24.
Ye desire your child to live.
Tennyson.
2. To express a wish for; to entreat; to
request.
Then she said, Did I desire a son of my lord?
2 Kings iv. 28.
Desire him to go in; trouble him no more.
Shak.
3. To require; to demand; to claim.
[Obs.]
A doleful case desires a doleful song.
Spenser.
4. To miss; to regret. [Obs.]
She shall be pleasant while she lives, and desired
when she dies.
Jer. Taylor.
Syn. -- To long for; hanker after; covet; wish; ask;
request; solicit; entreat; beg. -- To
Desire, Wish. In desire the feeling
is usually more eager than in wish. \'bdI
wish you to do this\'b8 is a milder form of command
than \'bdI desire you to do this,\'b8 though the
feeling prompting the injunction may be the susage>
C. J. Smith.
De*sire", n. [F. d\'82sir,
fr. d\'82sirer. See Desire, v.
t.]
1. The natural longing that is excited by the
enjoyment or the thought of any good, and impels to action or
effort its continuance or possession; an eager wish to obtain or
enjoy.
Unspeakable desire to see and know.
Milton.
2. An expressed wish; a request; petition.
And slowly was my mother brought
To yield consent to my desire.
Tennyson.
3. Anything which is desired; an object of
longing.
The Desire of all nations shall come.
Hag. ii. 7.
4. Excessive or morbid longing; lust;
appetite.
5. Grief; regret. [Obs.]
Chapman.
Syn. -- Wish; appetency; craving; inclination; eagerness;
aspiration; longing.
De*sire"ful (?), a. Filled with
desire; eager. [R.]
The desireful troops.
Godfrey (1594).
De*sire"ful*ness, n. The state of being
desireful; eagerness to obtain and possess.
[R.]
The desirefulness of our minds much augmenteth and
increaseth our pleasure.
Udall.
De*sire"less, a. Free from desire.
Donne.
De*sir"er (?), n. One who
desires, asks, or wishes.
De*sir"ous (?), a. [F.
d\'82sireux, OF. desiros, fr.
desir. See Desire, n.]
Feeling desire; eagerly wishing; solicitous; eager to
obtain; covetous.
Jesus knew that they were desirous to ask him.
John xvi. 19.
Be not desirous of his dainties.
Prov. xxiii. 3.
De*sir"ous*ly, adv. With desire;
eagerly.
De*sir"ous*ness, n. The state of being
desirous.
De*sist" (?; 277), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Desisted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Desisting.] [L.
desistere; de- + sistere to
stand, stop, fr. stare to stand: cf. F.
d\'82sister. See Stand.] To cease
to proceed or act; to stop; to forbear; -- often with
from.
Never desisting to do evil.
E. Hall.
To desist from his bad practice.
Massinger.
Desist (thou art discern'd,
And toil'st in vain).
Milton.
De*sist"ance (?), n. [Cf. F.
desistance.] The act or state of desisting;
cessation. [R.]
Boyle.
If fatigue of body or brain were in every case followed by
desistance . . . then would the system be but seldom
out of working order.
H. Spencer.
De*sist"ive (?), a. [See
Desist.] Final; conclusive; ending.
[R.]
De*si"tion (?), n. [See
Desinent.] An end or ending.
[R.]
Des"i*tive (?), a. Final;
serving to complete; conclusive. [Obs.]
\'bdDesitive propositions.\'b8
I. Watts.
Des"i*tive, n. (Logic) A
proposition relating to or expressing an end or conclusion.
[Obs.]
I. Watts.
Desk (?), n. [OE.
deske, the same word as dish,
disk. See Dish, and cf. Disk.]
1. A table, frame, or case, usually with sloping
top, but often with flat top, for the use writers and readers. It
often has a drawer or repository underneath.
2. A reading table or lectern to support the book
from which the liturgical service is read, differing from the
pulpit from which the sermon is preached; also (esp. in the
United States), a pulpit. Hence, used symbolically for \'bdthe
clerical profession.\'b8
Desk, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Desked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Desking.] To shut up, as in a desk; to
treasure.
Desk"work` (?), n. Work done at
a desk, as by a clerk or writer.
Tennyson.
Des"man (?), n. [Cf. Sw.
desman musk.] (Zo\'94l.) An
amphibious, insectivorous mammal found in Russia (Myogale
moschata). It is allied to the moles, but is called
muscrat by some English writers. [Written
also d\'91sman.]
{ Des"mid (?), Des*mid"i*an
(?), } n. [Gr. / chain + /
form.] (Bot.) A microscopic plant of the
family Desmidi\'91, a group of unicellular alg\'91 in
which the species have a greenish color, and the cells generally
appear as if they consisted of two coalescing halves.
Des"mine (?), n. [Gr. /, /,
bundle, fr. / to bind.] (Min.) Same as
Stilbite. It commonly occurs in bundles or tufts of
crystals.
\'d8Des`mo*bac*te"ri*a (?), n. pl.
[Gr. / bond + E. bacteria.] See
Microbacteria.
Des"mo*dont (?), n. [Gr. /
bond + /, /, tooth.] (Zo\'94l.) A
member of a group of South American blood-sucking bats, of the
genera Desmodus and Diphylla. See
Vampire.
Des*mog"na*thous (?), a. [Gr.
desmo`s bond + / jaw.] (Zo\'94l.)
Having the maxillo-palatine bones united; -- applied to a
group of carinate birds (Desmognath\'91), including
various wading and swimming birds, as the ducks and herons, and
also raptorial and other kinds.
Des"moid (?), a. [Gr.
desmo`s ligament + -oid.]
(Anat.) Resembling, or having the characteristics
of, a ligament; ligamentous.
Des*mol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr.
desmo`s ligament + -logy.] The
science which treats of the ligaments. [R.]
\'d8Des`mo*my*a"ri*a (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / bond + / muscle.]
(Zo\'94l.) The division of Tunicata which
includes the Salp\'91. See Salpa.
\'d8Des"o*late (?), a. [L.
desolatus, p. p. of desolare to leave
alone, forsake; de- + solare to make
lonely, solus alone. See Sole,
a.]
1. Destitute or deprived of inhabitants; deserted;
uninhabited; hence, gloomy; as, a desolate isle; a
desolate wilderness; a desolate
house.
I will make Jerusalem . . . a den of dragons, and I will make
the cities of Judah desolate, without an
inhabitant.
Jer. ix. 11.
And the silvery marish flowers that throng
The desolate creeks and pools among.
Tennyson.
2. Laid waste; in a ruinous condition; neglected;
destroyed; as, desolate altars.
3. Left alone; forsaken; lonely; comfortless.
Have mercy upon, for I am desolate.
Ps. xxv. 16.
Voice of the poor and desolate.
Keble.
4. Lost to shame; dissolute.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
5. Destitute of; lacking in.
[Obs.]
I were right now of tales desolate.
Chaucer.
Syn. -- Desert; uninhabited; lonely; waste.
Des"o*late (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Desolated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Desolating.]
1. To make desolate; to leave alone; to deprive of
inhabitants; as, the earth was nearly desolated by
the flood.
2. To lay waste; to ruin; to ravage; as, a fire
desolates a city.
Constructed in the very heart of a desolating
war.
Sparks.
Des"o*late*ly (?), adv. In a
desolate manner.
Des"o*late*ness, n. The state of being
desolate.
Des"o*la`ter (?), n. One who,
or that which, desolates or lays waste.
Mede.
Des`o*la"tion (?), n. [F.
d\'82solation, L. desolatio.]
1. The act of desolating or laying waste;
destruction of inhabitants; depopulation.
Unto the end of the war desolations are
determined.
Dan. ix. 26.
2. The state of being desolated or laid waste;
ruin; solitariness; destitution; gloominess.
You would have sold your king to slaughter, . . .
And his whole kingdom into desolation.
Shak.
3. A place or country wasted and forsaken.
How is Babylon become a desolation!
Jer. l. 23.
Syn. -- Waste; ruin; destruction; havoc; devastation;
ravage; sadness; destitution; melancholy; gloom;
gloominess.
Des"o*la`tor (?), n. [L.]
Same as Desolater.
Byron.
Des"o*la*to*ry (?), a. [L.
desolatorius.] Causing desolation.
[R.]
Bp. Hall.
De`so*phis"ti*cate (?), v. t.
To clear from sophism or error. [R.]
Hare.
Des`ox*al"ic (?), a. [F. pref.
des- from + E. oxalic.]
(Chem.) Made or derived from oxalic acid; as,
desoxalic acid.
De*spair" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Despaired
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Despairing.] [OE. despeiren,
dispeiren, OF. desperer, fr. L.
desperare; de- + sperare to
hope; akin to spes hope, and perh. to
spatium space, E. space, speed;
cf. OF. espeir hope, F. espoir. Cf.
Prosper, Desperate.] To be hopeless;
to have no hope; to give up all hope or expectation; -- often
with of.
We despaired even of life.
2 Cor. i. 8.
Never despair of God's blessings here.
Wake.
Syn. -- See Despond.
De*spair", v. t.
1. To give up as beyond hope or expectation; to
despair of. [Obs.]
I would not despair the greatest design that could
be attempted.
Milton.
2. To cause to despair. [Obs.]
Sir W. Williams.
De*spair", n. [Cf. OF.
despoir, fr. desperer.]
1. Loss of hope; utter hopelessness; complete
despondency.
We in dark dreams are tossing to and fro,
Pine with regret, or sicken with despair.
Keble.
Before he [Bunyan] was ten, his sports were interrupted by
fits of remorse and despair.
Macaulay.
<-- p. 399 -->
2. That which is despaired of. \'bdThe mere
despair of surgery he cures.\'b8
Shak.
Syn. -- Desperation; despondency; hopelessness.
De*spair"er (?), n. One who
despairs.
De*spair"ful (?), a.
Hopeless. [Obs.]
Spenser.
De*spair"ing, a. Feeling or expressing
despair; hopeless. -- De*spair"ing*ly,
adv. -- De*spair"ing*ness,
n.
De*spar"ple (?), v. t. & i.
[OF. desparpeillier.] To scatter; to
disparkle. [Obs.]
Mandeville.
De*spatch" (?), n. & v. Same as
Dispatch.
De`spe*cif"i*cate (?), v. t.
[Pref. de- (intens.) +
specificate.] To discriminate; to separate
according to specific signification or qualities; to specificate;
to desynonymize. [R.]
Inaptitude and ineptitude have been usefully
despecificated.
Fitzed. Hall.
De*spec`fi*ca"tion (?), n.
Discrimination.
De*spect" (?), n. [L.
despectus, fr. despicere. See
Despite, n.] Contempt.
[R.]
Coleridge.
De*spec"tion (?), n. [L.
despectio.] A looking down; a
despising. [R.]
W. Montagu.
De*speed" (?), v. t. To send
hastily. [Obs.]
Despeeded certain of their crew.
Speed.
De*spend" (?), v. t. To spend;
to squander. See Dispend. [Obs.]
Some noble men in Spain can despend /50,000.
Howell.
Des`per*a"do (?), n.; pl.
Desperadoes (#). [OSp.
desperado, p. p. of desperar, fr. L.
desperare. See Desperate.] A
reckless, furious man; a person urged by furious passions, and
regardless of consequence; a wild ruffian.
Des"per*ate (?), a. [L.
desperatus, p. p. of desperare. See
Despair, and cf. Desperado.]
1. Without hope; given to despair; hopeless.
[Obs.]
I am desperate of obtaining her.
Shak.
2. Beyond hope; causing despair; extremely
perilous; irretrievable; past cure, or, at least, extremely
dangerous; as, a desperate disease;
desperate fortune.
3. Proceeding from, or suggested by, despair;
without regard to danger or safety; reckless; furious; as, a
desperate effort. \'bdDesperate
expedients.\'b8
Macaulay.
4. Extreme, in a bad sense; outrageous; -- used to
mark the extreme predominance of a bad quality.
A desperate offendress against nature.
Shak.
The most desperate of reprobates.
Macaulay.
Syn. -- Hopeless; despairing; desponding; rash; headlong;
precipitate; irretrievable; irrecoverable; forlorn; mad; furious;
frantic.
Des"per*ate, n. One desperate or
hopeless. [Obs.]
Des"per*ate*ly, adv. In a desperate
manner; without regard to danger or safety; recklessly;
extremely; as, the troops fought
desperately.
She fell desperately in love with him.
Addison.
Des"per*ate*ness n. Desperation;
virulence.
Des`per*a"tion (?), n. [L.
desperatio: cf. OF. desperation.]
1. The act of despairing or becoming desperate; a
giving up of hope.
This desperation of success chills all our
industry.
Hammond.
2. A state of despair, or utter hopeless;
abandonment of hope; extreme recklessness; reckless fury.
In the desperation of the moment, the officers even
tried to cut their way through with their swords.
W. Irving.
Des`pi*ca*bil"i*ty (?), n.
Despicableness. [R.]
Carlyle.
Des"pi*ca*ble (?), a. [L.
despicabilis, fr. despicari to despise;
akin to despicere. See Despise.]
Fit or deserving to be despised; contemptible; mean; vile;
worthless; as, a despicable man; despicable
company; a despicable gift.
Syn. -- Contemptible; mean; vile; worthless; pitiful;
paltry; sordid; low; base. See Contemptible.
Des"pi*ca*ble*ness, n. The quality of
being despicable; meanness; vileness; worthlessness.
Des"pi*ca*bly (?), adv. In a
despicable or mean manner; contemptibly; as,
despicably stingy.
Des*pi"cien*cy (?), n. [L.
despicientia. See Despise.] A
looking down; despection. [Obs.]
De*spis"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. OF.
despisable.] Despicable;
contemptible. [R.]
De*spis"al (?), n. A despising;
contempt. [R.]
A despisal of religion.
South.
De*spise" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Despised
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Despising.] [OF. despis-, in
some forms of despire to despise, fr. L.
despicere, despectum, to look down upon,
despise; de- + spicere, specere,
to look. See Spy, and cf. Despicable,
Despite.] To look down upon with disfavor or
contempt; to contemn; to scorn; to disdain; to have a low opinion
or contemptuous dislike of.
Fools despise wisdom and instruction.
Prov. i. 7.
Men naturally despise those who court them, but
respect those who do not give way to them.
Jowett (Thucyd. ).
Syn. -- To contemn; scorn; disdain; slight; undervalue. See
Contemn.
De*spis"ed*ness, n. The state of being
despised.
De*spise"ment (?), n. A
despising. [R.]
Holland.
De*spis"er (?), n. One who
despises; a contemner; a scorner.
De*spis"ing*ly, adv.
Contemptuously.
De*spite" (?), n. [OF.
despit, F. d\'82pit, fr. L.
despectus contempt, fr. despicere. See
Despise, and cf. Spite,
Despect.]
1. Malice; malignity; spite; malicious anger;
contemptuous hate.
With all thy despite against the land of
Israel.
Ezek. xxv. 6.
2. An act of malice, hatred, or defiance;
contemptuous defiance; a deed of contempt.
A despite done against the Most High.
Milton.
In despite, in defiance of another's power or
inclination. -- In despite of, in defiance
of; in spite of. See under Spite. \'bdSeized my hand
in despite of my efforts to the contrary.\'b8 W.
Irving. -- In your despite, in defiance
or contempt of you; in spite of you.
[Obs.]
De*spite" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Despited; p.
pr. & vb. n. Despiting.] [OF.
despitier, fr. L. despectare, intens. of
despicere. See Despite, n.]
To vex; to annoy; to offend contemptuously.
[Obs.]
Sir W. Raleigh.
De*spite", prep. In spite of; against,
or in defiance of; notwithstanding; as, despite his
prejudices.
Syn. -- See Notwithstanding.
De*spite"ful (?), a. [See
Despite, and cf. Spiteful.] Full of
despite; expressing malice or contemptuous hate; malicious.
-- De*spite"ful*ly, adv. --
De*spite"ful*ness, n.
Haters of God, despiteful, proud, boasters.
Rom. i. 30.
Pray for them which despitefully use you.
Matt. v. 44.
Let us examine him with despitefulness and
fortune.
Book of Wisdom ii. 19.
Des*pit"e*ous (?), a. [OE.
despitous, OF. despiteus, fr.
despit; affected in form by E. piteous. See
Despite.] Feeling or showing despite;
malicious; angry to excess; cruel; contemptuous.
[Obs.] \'bdDespiteous reproaches.\'b8
Holland.
Des*pit"e*ous*ly, adv.
Despitefully. [Obs.]
De*spit"ous (?), a. Despiteous;
very angry; cruel. [Obs.]
He was to sinful man not despitous.
Chaucer.
- De*spit"ous*ly, adv.
[Obs.]
De*spoil" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Despoiled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Despoiling.] [OF.
despoiller, F. d\'82pouiller, L.
despoliare, despoliatum; de- +
spoliare to strip, rob, spolium spoil,
booty. Cf. Spoil, Despoliation.]
1. To strip, as of clothing; to divest or
unclothe. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
2. To deprive for spoil; to plunder; to rob; to
pillage; to strip; to divest; -- usually followed by
of.
The clothed earth is then bare,
Despoiled is the summer fair.
Gower.
A law which restored to them an immense domain of which they
had been despoiled.
Macaulay.
Despoiled of innocence, of faith, of bliss.
Milton.
Syn. -- To strip; deprive; rob; bereave; rifle.
De*spoil", n. Spoil.
[Obs.]
Wolsey.
De*spoil"er (?), n. One who
despoils.
De*spoil"ment (?), n.
Despoliation. [R.]
De*spo`li*a"tion (?), n. [L.
despoliatio. See Despoil.] A
stripping or plundering; spoliation.
Bailey.
De*spond" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Desponded; p.
pr. & vb. n. Desponding.] [L.
despond/re, desponsum, to promise away,
promise in marriage, give up, to lose (courage); de- +
spond/re to promise solemnly. See
Sponsor.] To give up, the will, courage, or
spirit; to be thoroughly disheartened; to lose all courage; to
become dispirited or depressed; to take an unhopeful view.
I should despair, or at least despond.
Scott's Letters.
Others depress their own minds, [and] despond at
the first difficulty.
Locke.
We wish that . . . desponding patriotism may turn
its eyes hitherward, and be assured that foundations of our
national power still stand strong.
D. Webster.
Syn. -- Despond, Dispair.
Despair implies a total loss of hope, which
despond does not, at least in every case; yet
despondency is often more lasting than
despair, or than desperation, which impels
to violent action.
De*spond" n. Despondency.
[Obs.]
The slough of despond.
Bunyan.
De*spond"ence (?), n.
Despondency.
The people, when once infected, lose their relish for
happiness [and] saunter about with looks of
despondence.
Goldsmith.
De*spond"en*cy (?), n. The
state of desponding; loss of hope and cessation of effort;
discouragement; depression or dejection of the mind.
The unhappy prince seemed, during some days, to be sunk in
despondency.
Macaulay.
De*spond"ent (?), a. [L.
despondens, -entis, p. pr. of
despond/re.] Marked by despondence; given
to despondence; low-spirited; as, a despondent
manner; a despondent prisoner. --
De*spond"ent*ly, adv.
De*spond"er (?), n. One who
desponds.
De*spond"ing*ly, adv. In a desponding
manner.
De*spon"sage (?), n. [From L.
desponsus, p. p. See Despond.]
Betrothal. [Obs.]
Ethelbert . . . went peaceably to King Offa for
desponsage of Athilrid, his daughter.
Foxe.
De*spon"sate (?), v. t. [L.
desponsatus, p. p. of desponsare, intens.
of despondere to betroth. See Despond.]
To betroth. [Obs.]
Johnson.
Des`pon*sa"tion (?), n. [L.
desponsatio: cf. OF. desponsation.]
A betrothing; betrothal. [Obs.]
For all this desponsation of her . . . she had not
set one step toward the consummation of her marriage.
Jer. Taylor.
De*spon"so*ry (?), n.; pl.
Desponsories (/). A written pledge of
marriage.
Clarendon.
De*sport" (?), v. t. & i. See
Disport.
Des"pot (?), n. [F.
despote, LL. despotus, fr. Gr. / master,
lord, the second part of which is akin to / husband, and L.
potens. See Potent.]
1. A master; a lord; especially, an absolute or
irresponsible ruler or sovereign.
Irresponsible power in human hands so naturally leads to it,
that cruelty has become associated with despot and
tyrant.
C. J. Smith.
2. One who rules regardless of a constitution or
laws; a tyrant.
Des"po*tat (?), n. [Cf. F.
despotat.] The station or government of a
despot; also, the domain of a despot.
Freeman.
{ Des*pot"ic (?), Des*pot"ic*al
(?), } a. [Gr. /: cf. F.
despotique.] Having the character of, or
pertaining to, a despot; absolute in power; possessing and
abusing unlimited power; evincing despotism; tyrannical;
arbitrary. -- Des*pot"ic*al*ly,
adv. -- Des*pot"ic*al*ness,
n.
Des"po*tism (?), n. [Cf. F.
despotisme.]
1. The power, spirit, or principles of a despot;
absolute control over others; tyrannical sway; tyranny.
\'bdThe despotism of vice.\'b8
Byron.
2. A government which is directed by a despot; a
despotic monarchy; absolutism; autocracy.
Despotism . . . is the only form of government
which may with safety to itself neglect the education of its
infant poor.
Bp. Horsley.
Des"po*tist, n. A supporter of
despotism. [R.]
Des"po*tize (?), v. t. To act
the despot.
De*spread" (?), v. t. & i. See
Dispread.
Des"pu*mate (?), v. t. & i.
[imp. & p. p. Despumated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Despumating
(?).] [L. despumatus, p. p.
of despumare to despume; de- +
spumare to foam, froth, spuma froth,
scum.] To throw off impurities in spume; to work off
in foam or scum; to foam.
Des`pu*ma"tion (?), n. [L.
despumatio: cf. F. despumation.]
The act of throwing up froth or scum; separation of the scum
or impurities from liquids; scumming; clarification.
De*spume" (?), v. t. [Cf. F.
despumer. See Despumate.] To free
from spume or scum. [Obs.]
If honey be despumed.
Holland.
Des"qua*mate (?), v. i. [L.
desquamatus, p. p. of desquamare to scale
off; de- + squama scale.]
(Med.) To peel off in the form of scales; to
scale off, as the skin in certain diseases.
Des`qua*ma"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
desquamation.] (Med.) The
separation or shedding of the cuticle or epidermis in the form of
flakes or scales; exfoliation, as of bones.
{ De*squam"a*tive (?),
De*squam"a*to*ry (?), } a.
Of, pertaining to, or attended with, desquamation.
De*squam"a*to*ry, n. (Surg.)
An instrument formerly used in removing the lamin\'91 of
exfoliated bones.
Dess (?), n. Dais.
[Obs.]
Des*sert" (?), n. [F., fr.
desservir to remove from table, to clear the table;
pref. des- (L. dis-) + servir to
serve, to serve at table. See Serve.] A
service of pastry, fruits, or sweetmeats, at the close of a feast
or entertainment; pastry, fruits, etc., forming the last course
at dinner.
\'bdAn 't please your honor,\'b8 quoth the peasant,
\'bdThis same dessert is not so pleasant.\'b8
Pope.
Dessert spoon, a spoon used in eating dessert;
a spoon intermediate in size between a teaspoon and a
tablespoon. -- Dessert-spoonful,
n., pl.
Dessert-spoonfuls, as much as a dessert
spoon will hold, usually reckoned at about two and a half fluid
drams.
Des*tem"per (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82trempe, fr. d\'82tremper.]
A kind of painting. See Distemper.
Des"tin (?), n. [Cf. F.
destin.] Destiny. [Obs.]
Marston.
Des"ti*na*ble (?), a. [Cf. OF.
destinable.] Determined by destiny;
fated.
Chaucer.
Des"ti*na*bly, adv. In a destinable
manner.
Des"ti*nal (?), a. Determined
by destiny; fated. [Obs.] \'bdThe order
destinal.\'b8
Chaucer.
Des"ti*nate (?), a. [L.
destinatus, p. p. of destinare. See
Destine.] Destined. [Obs.]
\'bdDestinate to hell.\'b8
Foxe.
Des"ti*nate (?), v. t. To
destine, design, or choose. [Obs.] \'bdThat
name that God . . . did destinate.\'b8
Udall.
Des`ti*na"tion (?), n. [L.
destinatio determination: cf. F.
destination destination.]
1. The act of destining or appointing.
2. Purpose for which anything is destined;
predetermined end, object, or use; ultimate design.
3. The place set for the end of a journey, or to
which something is sent; place or point aimed at.
Syn. -- Appointment; design; purpose; intention; destiny;
lot; fate; end.
Des"tine (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Destined
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Destining.] [F. destiner, L.
destinare; de + the root of
stare to stand. See Stand, and cf.
Obstinate.] To determine the future condition
or application of; to set apart by design for a future use or
purpose; to fix, as by destiny or by an authoritative decree; to
doom; to ordain or preordain; to appoint; -- often with the
remoter object preceded by to or for.
We are decreed,
Reserved, and destined to eternal woe.
Milton.
Till the loathsome opposite
Of all my heart had destined, did obtain.
Tennyson.
Not enjoyment and not sorrow
Is our destined end or way.
Longfellow.
Syn. -- To design; mark out; determine; allot; choose;
intend; devote; consecrate; doom.
Des"ti*nist (?), n. A believer
in destiny; a fatalist. [R.]
Des"ti*ny (?), n.; pl.
Destinies (#). [OE.
destinee, destene, F.
destin\'82e, from destiner. See
Destine.]
1. That to which any person or thing is destined;
predetermined state; condition foreordained by the Divine or by
human will; fate; lot; doom.
Thither he
Will come to know his destiny.
Shak.
No man of woman born,
Coward or brave, can shun his destiny.
Bryant.
2. The fixed order of things; invincible necessity;
fate; a resistless power or agency conceived of as determining
the future, whether in general or of an individual.
But who can turn the stream of destiny?
Spenser.
Fame comes only when deserved, and then is as inevitable as
destiny, for it is destiny.
Longfellow.
The Destinies (Anc. Myth.), the
three Parc\'91, or Fates; the supposed powers which preside over
human life, and determine its circumstances and
duration.
Marked by the Destinies to be avoided.
Shak.
<-- p. 400 -->
<-- p. 400 -->
De*stit"u*ent (?; 135), a. [L.
destituens, p. pr. of destituere.]
Deficient; wanting; as, a destituent
condition. [Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.
Des"ti*tute (?), a. [L.
destitutus, p. p. of destituere to set
away, leave alone, forsake; de + statuere
to set. See Statute.]
1. Forsaken; not having in possession (something
necessary, or desirable); deficient; lacking; devoid; -- often
followed by of.
In thee is my trust; leave not my soul
destitute.
Ps. cxli. 8.
Totally destitute of all shadow of influence.
Burke.
2. Not possessing the necessaries of life; in a
condition of want; needy; without possessions or resources; very
poor.
They wandered about in sheepskins and goatskins; being
destitute, afflicted, tormented.
Heb. xi. 37.
Des"ti*tute, v. t.
1. To leave destitute; to forsake; to
abandon. [Obs.]
To forsake or destitute a plantation.
Bacon.
2. To make destitute; to cause to be in want; to
deprive; -- followed by of. [Obs.]
Destituted of all honor and livings.
Holinshed.
3. To disappoint. [Obs.]
When his expectation is destituted.
Fotherby.
Des"ti*tute*ly, adv. In
destitution.
Des"ti*tute*ness, n. Destitution.
[R.]
Ash.
Des`ti*tu"tion (?), n. [L.
destitutio a forsaking.] The state of being
deprived of anything; the state or condition of being destitute,
needy, or without resources; deficiency; lack; extreme poverty;
utter want; as, the inundation caused general
destitution.
{ Des*trer" (?), Dex"trer
(?) }, n. [OF.
destrier, fr. L. dextra on the right side.
The squire led his master's horse beside him, on his right hand.
Skeat.] A war horse.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
De*strie" (?), v. t. To
destroy. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
De*stroy" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Destroyed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Destroying.] [OE. destroien,
destruien, destrien, OF.
destruire, F. d\'82truire, fr. L.
destruere, destructum; de +
struere to pile up, build. See
Structure.]
1. To unbuild; to pull or tear down; to separate
virulently into its constituent parts; to break up the structure
and organic existence of; to demolish.
But ye shall destroy their altars, break their
images, and cut down their groves.
Ex. xxxiv. 13.
2. To ruin; to bring to naught; to put an end to;
to annihilate; to consume.
I will utterly pluck up and destroy that
nation.
Jer. xii. 17.
3. To put an end to the existence, prosperity, or
beauty of; to kill.
If him by force he can destroy, or, worse,
By some false guile pervert.
Milton.
Syn. -- To demolish; lay waste; consume; raze; dismantle;
ruin; throw down; overthrow; subvert; desolate; devastate;
deface; extirpate; extinguish; kill; slay. See
Demolish.
De*stroy"a*ble (?), a.
Destructible. [R.]
Plants . . . scarcely destroyable by the
weather.
Derham.
De*stroy"er (?), n. [Cf. OF.
destruior.] One who destroys, ruins, kills,
or desolates.
De*struct" (?), v. t. [L.
destructus, p. p. of destruere. See
Destroy.] To destroy.
[Obs.]
Mede.
De*struc`ti*bil"i*ty (?), n.
[Cf. F. destructibilit\'82.] The
quality of being capable of destruction; destructibleness.
De*struc"ti*ble (?), a. [L.
destructibilis.] Liable to destruction;
capable of being destroyed.
De*struc"ti*ble*ness, n. The quality of
being destructible.
De*struc"tion (?), n. [L.
destructio: cf. F. destruction. See
Destroy.]
1. The act of destroying; a tearing down; a
bringing to naught; subversion; demolition; ruin; slaying;
devastation.
The Jews smote all their enemies with the stroke of the sword,
and slaughter, and destruction.
Esth. ix. 5.
'Tis safer to be that which we destroy
Than by destruction dwell in doubtful joy.
Shak.
Destruction of venerable establishment.
Hallam.
2. The state of being destroyed, demolished,
ruined, slain, or devastated.
This town came to destruction.
Chaucer.
Thou castedst them down into destruction.
Ps. lxxiii. 18.
2. A destroying agency; a cause of ruin or of
devastation; a destroyer.
The destruction that wasteth at noonday.
Ps. xci. 6.
Syn. -- Demolition; subversion; overthrow; desolation;
extirpation; extinction; devastation; downfall; extermination;
havoc; ruin.
De*struc"tion*ist, n.
1. One who delights in destroying that which is
valuable; one whose principles and influence tend to destroy
existing institutions; a destructive.
2. (Theol.) One who believes in the
final destruction or complete annihilation of the wicked; --
called also annihilationist.
Shipley.
De*struc"tive (?), a. [L.
destructivus: cf. F. destructif.]
Causing destruction; tending to bring about ruin, death, or
devastation; ruinous; fatal; productive of serious evil;
mischievous; pernicious; -- often with of or
to; as, intemperance is destructive of
health; evil examples are destructive to the morals of
youth.
Time's destructive power.
Wordsworth.
Destructive distillation. See
Distillation. -- Destructive sorties
(/) (Logic), a process of reasoning
which involves the denial of the first of a series of dependent
propositions as a consequence of the denial of the last; a
species of reductio ad absurdum.
Whately.
Syn. -- Mortal; deadly; poisonous; fatal; ruinous;
malignant; baleful; pernicious; mischievous.
De*struc"tive, n. One who destroys; a
radical reformer; a destructionist.
De*struc"tive*ly, adv. In a destructive
manner.
De*struc"tive*ness (?), n.
1. The quality of destroying or ruining.
Prynne.
2. (Phren.) The faculty supposed to
impel to the commission of acts of destruction; propensity to
destroy.
De*struc"tor (?), n. [L., from
destruere. See Destroy, and cf.
Destroyer.] A destroyer.
[R.]
Fire, the destructive and the artificial death of
things.
Boyle.
De*struie" (?), v. t. To
destroy. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Des`u*da"tion (?), n. [L.
desudatio, fr. desudare to sweat greatly;
de + sudare to sweat.]
(Med.) A sweating; a profuse or morbid sweating,
often succeeded by an eruption of small pimples.
De*suete" (?), a. [L.
desuetus, p. p. of desuescere to
disuse.] Disused; out of use. [R.]
Des"ue*tude (?), n. [L.
desuetudo, from desuescere, to grow out of
use, disuse; de + suescere to become used
or accustomed: cf. F. d\'82su\'82tude. See
Custom.] The cessation of use; disuse;
discontinuance of practice, custom, or fashion.
The desuetude abrogated the law, which, before,
custom had established.
Jer. Taylor.
De*sul"phu*rate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Desulphurated;
p. pr. & vb. n. Desulphurating.]
To deprive of sulphur.
De*sul`phu*ra"tion (?), n. [Cf.
F. d\'82sulfuration.] The act or process of
depriving of sulphur.
De*sul"phur*ize (?), v. t. To
desulphurate; to deprive of sulphur. --
De*sul`phur*i*za"tion (#),
n.
Des"ul*to*ri*ly (?), adv. In a
desultory manner; without method; loosely; immethodically.
Des"ul*to*ri*ness, n. The quality of
being desultory or without order or method;
unconnectedness.
The seeming desultoriness of my method.
Boyle.
Des`ul*to"ri*ous (?), a.
Desultory. [R.]
Des"ul*to*ry (?), a. [L.
desultorius, fr. desultor a leaper, fr.
desilire, desultum, to leap down;
de + salire to leap. See
Saltation.]
1. Leaping or skipping about.
[Obs.]
I shot at it [a bird], but it was so desultory that
I missed my aim.
Gilbert White.
2. Jumping, or passing, from one thing or subject
to another, without order or rational connection; without logical
sequence; disconnected; immethodical; aimless; as,
desultory minds.
Atterbury.
He [Goldsmith] knew nothing accurately; his reading had been
desultory.
Macaulay.
3. Out of course; by the way; as a digression; not
connected with the subject; as, a desultory
remark.
Syn. -- Rambling; roving; immethodical; discursive;
inconstant; unsettled; cursory; slight; hasty; loose.
De*sume" (?), v. t. [L.
desumere; de + sumere to
take.] To select; to borrow. [Obs.]
Sir. M. Hale.
De`syn*on`y*mi*za"tion (?), n.
The act of desynonymizing.
De`syn*on"y*mize (?), v. t. To
deprive of synonymous character; to discriminate in use; --
applied to words which have been employed as synonyms.
Coleridge. Trench.
De*tach" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Detached
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Detaching.] [F. d\'82tacher
(cf. It. distaccare, staccare); pref.
d\'82 (L. dis) + the root found also in E.
attach. See Attach, and cf.
Staccato.]
1. To part; to separate or disunite; to disengage;
-- the opposite of attach; as, to detach
the coats of a bulbous root from each other; to detach a
man from a leader or from a party.
2. To separate for a special object or use; -- used
especially in military language; as, to detach a
ship from a fleet, or a company from a regiment.
Syn. -- To separate; disunite; disengage; sever; disjoin;
withdraw;; draw off. See Detail.
De*tach", v. i. To push asunder; to come
off or separate from anything; to disengage.
[A vapor] detaching, fold by fold,
From those still heights.
Tennyson.
De*tach"a*ble (?), a. That can
be detached.
De*tached" (?), a. Separate;
unconnected, or imperfectly connected; as, detached
parcels. \'bdExtensive and detached
empire.\'b8
Burke.
Detached escapement. See
Escapement.
De*tach"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82tachement.]
1. The act of detaching or separating, or the state
of being detached.
2. That which is detached; especially, a body of
troops or part of a fleet sent from the main body on special
service.
Troops . . . widely scattered in little
detachments.
Bancroft.
3. Abstraction from worldly objects;
renunciation.
A trial which would have demanded of him a most heroic faith
and the detachment of a saint.
J. H. Newman.
De"tail (?; 277), n. [F.
d\'82tail, fr. d\'82tailler to cut in
pieces, tell in detail; pref. d\'82- (L. de
or dis-) + tailler to cut. See
Tailor.]
1. A minute portion; one of the small parts; a
particular; an item; -- used chiefly in the plural; as, the
details of a scheme or transaction.
The details of the campaign in Italy.
Motley.
2. A narrative which relates minute points; an
account which dwells on particulars.
3. (Mil.) The selection for a particular
service of a person or a body of men; hence, the person or the
body of men so selected.
Detail drawing, a drawing of the full size, or
on a large scale, of some part of a building, machine, etc.
-- In detail, in subdivisions; part by part; item;
circumstantially; with particularity.
Syn. -- Account; relation; narrative; recital; explanation;
narration.
De"tail (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Detailed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Detailing.] [Cf. F.
d\'82tailler to cut up in pieces, tell in detail. See
Detail, n.]
1. To relate in particulars; to particularize; to
report minutely and distinctly; to enumerate; to specify; as,
he detailed all the facts in due order.
2. (Mil.) To tell off or appoint for a
particular service, as an officer, a troop, or a squadron.
Syn. -- Detail, Detach.
Detail respect the act of individualizing the
person or body that is separated; detach, the removing
for the given end or object.
De*tail"er (?), n. One who
details.
De*tain" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Detained
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Detaining.] [F. d\'82tenir,
L. detinere, detentum; de +
tenere to hold. See Tenable.]
1. To keep back or from; to withhold.
Detain not the wages of the hireling.
Jer. Taylor.
2. To restrain from proceeding; to stay or stop; to
delay; as, we were detained by an
accident.
Let us detain thee, until we shall have made ready
a kid for thee.
Judges xiii. 15.
3. To hold or keep in custody.
Syn. -- To withhold; retain; stop; stay; arrest; check;
retard; delay; hinder.
De*tain", n. Detention.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
De*tain"der (?), n. (Law)
A writ. See Detinue.
De*tain"er (?), n.
1. One who detains.
2. (Law) (a) The keeping
possession of what belongs to another; detention of what is
another's, even though the original taking may have been
lawful. Forcible detainer is indictable at common law.
(b) A writ authorizing the keeper of a prison to
continue to keep a person in custody.
De*tain"ment (?), n. [Cf. OF.
detenement.] Detention.
[R.]
Blackstone.
De*tect" (?), a. [L.
detectus, p. p. of detegere to uncover,
detect; de + tegere to cover. See
Tegument.] Detected.
[Obs.]
Fabyan.
De*tect" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Detected; p.
pr. & vb. n. Detecting.]
1. To uncover; to discover; to find out; to bring
to light; as, to detect a crime or a criminal; to
detect a mistake in an account.
Plain good intention . . . is as easily discovered at the
first view, as fraud is surely detected at last.
Burke.
Like following life through creatures you dissect,
You lose it in the moment you detect.
Pope.
2. To inform against; to accuse.
[Obs.]
He was untruly judged to have preached such articles as he was
detected of.
Sir T. More.
Syn. -- To discover; find out; lay bare; expose.
{ De*tect"a*ble (?),
De*tect"i*ble (?), } a.
Capable of being detected or found out; as, parties not
detectable. \'bdErrors detectible
at a glance.\'b8
Latham.
De*tect"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, detects or brings to light; one who finds out what
another attempts to conceal; a detector.
De*tec"tion (?), n. [L.
detectio an uncovering, revealing.] The act
of detecting; the laying open what was concealed or hidden;
discovery; as, the detection of a thief; the
detection of fraud, forgery, or a plot.
Such secrets of guilt are never from detection.
D. Webster.
De*tect"ive (?), a. Fitted for,
or skilled in, detecting; employed in detecting crime or
criminals; as, a detective officer.
De*tect"ive, n. One who business it is
so detect criminals or discover matters of secrecy.
De*tect"or (?), n. [L., a
revealer.] One who, or that which, detects; a
detecter.
Shak.
A deathbed's detector of the heart.
Young.
Bank-note detector, a publication containing a
description of genuine and counterfeit bank notes, designed to
enable persons to discriminate between them. --
Detector l//k. See under
Lock.
De*ten"e*brate (?), v. t. [L.
de + tenebrare to make dark, fr.
tenebrae darkness.] To remove darkness
from. [Obs.]
Ash.
De*tent" (?), n. [F.
d\'82tente, fr. d\'82tendre to unbend,
relax; pref. d\'82- (L. dis- or
de) + tendre to stretch. See
Distend.] (Mech.) That which locks
or unlocks a movement; a catch, pawl, or dog; especially, in
clockwork, the catch which locks and unlocks the wheelwork in
striking.
De*ten"tion (?), n. [L.
detentio: cf. F. d\'82tention. See
Detain.]
1. The act of detaining or keeping back; a
withholding.
2. The state of being detained (stopped or
hindered); delay from necessity.
3. Confinement; restraint; custody.
The archduke Philip . . . found himself in a sort of honorable
detention at Henry's court.
Hallam.
De*ter" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deterred
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deterring.] [L. deterrere;
de + terrere to frighten, terrify. See
Terror.] To prevent by fear; hence, to hinder
or prevent from action by fear of consequences, or difficulty,
risk, etc.
Addison.
Potent enemies tempt and deter us from our
duty.
Tillotson.
My own face deters me from my glass.
Prior.
De*terge" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deterged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Deterging.] [L. detergere,
detersum; de + tergere to rub or
wipe off: cf. F. d\'82terger.] To cleanse;
to purge away, as foul or offending matter from the body, or from
an ulcer.
De*ter"gen*cy (?), n. A
cleansing quality or power.
De Foe.
De*ter"gent (?), a. [L.
detergens, -entis, p. pr. of
detergere: cf. F. d\'82tergent.]
Cleansing; purging. -- n. A
substance which cleanses the skin, as water or soap; a medicine
to cleanse wounds, ulcers, etc.
De*te"ri*o*rate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deteriorated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Deteriorating
(?).] [L. deterioratus, p.
p. of deteriorate to deteriorate, fr.
deterior worse, prob. a comparative fr. de
down, away.] To make worse; to make inferior in
quality or value; to impair; as, to deteriorate the
mind.
Whately.
The art of war . . . was greatly deteriorated.
Southey.
<-- p. 401 -->
De*te"ri*o*rate (?), v. i. To
grow worse; to be impaired in quality; to degenerate.
Under such conditions, the mind rapidly
deteriorates.
Goldsmith.
De*te`ri*o*ra"tion (?), n. [LL.
deterioratio: cf. F.
d\'82t\'82rioration.] The process of
growing worse, or the state of having grown worse.
De*te`ri*or"i*ty (?), n. [L.
deterior worse. See Deteriorate.]
Worse state or quality; inferiority. \'bdThe
deteriority of the diet.\'b8 [R.]
Ray.
De*ter"ment (?), n. [From
Deter.] The act of deterring; also, that
which deters.
Boyle.
De*ter`mi*na*bil"i*ty (?), n.
The quality of being determinable; determinableness.
Coleridge.
De*ter"mi*na*ble (?), a. [L.
determinabilis finite. See Determine, v.
t.] Capable of being determined, definitely
ascertained, decided upon, or brought to a conclusion.
Not wholly determinable from the grammatical use of
the words.
South.
De*ter"mi*na*ble*ness, n. Capability of
being determined; determinability.
De*ter"mi*na*cy (?), n.
Determinateness. [R.]
De*ter"mi*nant (?), a. [L.
determinans, p. pr. of determinare: cf. F.
d\'82terminant.] Serving to determine or
limit; determinative.
De*ter"mi*nant, n.
1. That which serves to determine; that which
causes determination.
2. (Math.) The sum of a series of
products of several numbers, these products being formed
according to certain specified laws; thus, the
determinant of the nine numbers.
a, b, c,
a\'b7, b\'b7,
c\'b7,
a\'b7\'b7, b\'b7\'b7, c\'b7\'b7,
is a b\'b7 c\'b7\'b7 -- a b\'b7\'b7 c\'b7 + a\'b7
b\'b7\'b7 c] -- a\'b7 b c\'b7\'b7 + a\'b7\'b7 b\'b7 c.
The determinant is written by placing the numbers from which it
is formed in a square between two vertical lines. The theory of
determinants forms a very important branch of modern
mathematics.
3. (Logic) A mark or attribute, attached
to the subject or predicate, narrowing the extent of both, but
rendering them more definite and precise.
Abp. Thomson.
De*ter"mi*nate (?), a. [L.
determinatus, p. p. of determinare. See
Determine.]
1. Having defined limits; not uncertain or
arbitrary; fixed; established; definite.
Quantity of words and a determinate number of
feet.
Dryden.
2. Conclusive; decisive; positive.
The determinate counsel and foreknowledge of
God.
Acts ii. 23.
3. Determined or resolved upon.
[Obs.]
My determinate voyage.
Shak.
4. Of determined purpose; resolute.
[Obs.]
More determinate to do than skillful how to do.
Sir P. Sidney.
Determinate inflorescence (Bot.),
that in which the flowering commences with the terminal bud
of a stem, which puts a limit to its growth; -- also called
centrifugal inflorescence. -- Determinate
problem (Math.), a problem which admits of a
limited number of solutions. -- Determinate
quantities, Determinate equations
(Math.), those that are finite in the number of
values or solutions, that is, in which the conditions of the
problem or equation determine the number.
De*ter"mi*nate (?), v. t. To
bring to an end; to determine. See Determine.
[Obs.]
The sly, slow hours shall not determinate
The dateless limit of thy dear exile.
Shak.
De*ter"mi*nate*ly (?), adv.
1. In a determinate manner; definitely;
ascertainably.
The principles of religion are already either
determinately true or false, before you think of
them.
Tillotson.
2. Resolutely; unchangeably.
Being determinately . . . bent to marry.
Sir P. Sidney.
De*ter"mi*nate*ness, n. State of being
determinate.
De*ter`mi*na"tion (?), n. [L.
determinatio boundary, end: cf. F.
d\'82termination.]
1. The act of determining, or the state of being
determined.
2. Bringing to an end; termination; limit.
A speedy determination of that war.
Ludlow.
3. Direction or tendency to a certain end;
impulsion.
Remissness can by no means consist with a constant
determination of the will . . . to the greatest
apparent good.
Locke.
4. The quality of mind reaches definite
conclusions; decision of character; resoluteness.
He only is a well-made man who has a good
determination.
Emerson.
5. The state of decision; a judicial decision, or
ending of controversy.
6. That which is determined upon; result of
deliberation; purpose; conclusion formed; fixed resolution.
So bloodthirsty a determination to obtain
convictions.
Hallam.
7. (Med.) A flow, rush, or tendency to a
particular part; as, a determination of blood to the
head.
8. (Physical Sciences) The act, process,
or result of any accurate measurement, as of length, volume,
weight, intensify, etc.; as, the determination of
the ohm or of the wave length of light; the
determination of the salt in sea water, or the oxygen in
the air.
9. (Logic) (a) The act of
defining a concept or notion by giving its essential
constituents. (b) The addition of a
differentia to a concept or notion, thus limiting its extent; --
the opposite of generalization.
10. (Nat. Hist.) The act of determining
the relations of an object, as regards genus and species; the
referring of minerals, plants, or animals, to the species to
which they belong; classification; as, I am indebted to a
friend for the determination of most of these
shells.
Syn. -- Decision; conclusion; judgment; purpose; resolution;
resolve; firmness. See Decision.
De*ter"mi*na*tive (?), a. [Cf.
F. d\'82terminatif.] Having power to
determine; limiting; shaping; directing; conclusive.
Incidents . . . determinative of their course.
I. Taylor.
Determinative tables (Nat. Hist.),
tables presenting the specific character of minerals, plants,
etc., to assist in determining the species to which a specimen
belongs.
De*ter"mi*na*tive (?), n. That
which serves to determine.
Explanatory determinatives . . . were placed after
words phonetically expressed, in order to serve as an aid to the
reader in determining the meaning.
I. Taylor (The Alphabet).
De*ter"mi*na`tor (?), n.
[L.] One who determines. [R.]
Sir T. Browne.
De*ter"mine (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Determined
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Determining.] [F.
d\'82terminer, L. determinare,
determinatum; de + terminare
limit, terminus limit. See Term.]
1. To fix the boundaries of; to mark off and
separate.
[God] hath determined the times before
appointed.
Acts xvii. 26.
2. To set bounds to; to fix the determination of;
to limit; to bound; to bring to an end; to finish.
The knowledge of men hitherto hath been determined
by the view or sight.
Bacon.
Now, where is he that will not stay so long
Till his friend sickness hath determined me?
Shak.
3. To fix the form or character of; to shape; to
prescribe imperatively; to regulate; to settle.
The character of the soul is determined by the
character of its God.
J. Edwards.
Something divinely beautiful . . . that at some time or other
might influence or even determine her course of
life.
W. Black.
4. To fix the course of; to impel and direct; --
with a remoter object preceded by to; as,
another's will determined me to this course.
5. To ascertain definitely; to find out the
specific character or name of; to assign to its true place in a
system; as, to determine an unknown or a newly
discovered plant or its name.
6. To bring to a conclusion, as a question or
controversy; to settle authoritative or judicial sentence; to
decide; as, the court has determined the
cause.
7. To resolve on; to have a fixed intention of;
also, to cause to come to a conclusion or decision; to lead;
as, this determined him to go
immediately.
8. (Logic) To define or limit by adding
a differentia.
9. (Physical Sciences) To ascertain the
presence, quantity, or amount of; as, to determine
the parallax; to determine the salt in sea
water.
De*ter"mine, v. i.
1. To come to an end; to end; to terminate.
[Obs.]
He who has vented a pernicious doctrine or published an ill
book must know that his life determine not
together.
South.
Estates may determine on future contingencies.
Blackstone.
2. To come to a decision; to decide; to resolve; --
often with on. \'bdDetermine on some
course.\'b8
Shak.
He shall pay as the judges determine.
Ex. xxi. 22.
De*ter"mined (?), a. Decided;
resolute. \'bdAdetermined foe.\'bd\'b8
Sparks.
De*ter"min*ed*ly (?), adv. In a
determined manner; with determination.
De*ter"min*er (?), n. One who,
or that which, determines or decides.
De*ter"min*ism (?), n.
(Metaph.) The doctrine that the will is not free,
but is inevitably and invincibly determined by motives.
Its superior suitability to produce courage, as contrasted
with scientific physical determinism, is obvious.
F. P. Cobbe.
De*ter"min*ist, n. (Metaph.)
One who believes in determinism. Also adj.;
as, determinist theories.
De`ter*ra"tion (?), n. [L.
de + terra earth: cf. F.
d\'82terrer to unearth.] The uncovering of
anything buried or covered with earth; a taking out of the earth
or ground.
Woodward.
De*ter"rence (?), n. That which
deters; a deterrent; a hindrance. [R.]
De*ter"rent (?), a. [L.
deterrens, p. pr. of deterrere. See
Deter.] Serving to deter. \'bdThe
deterrent principle.\'b8
E. Davis.
De*ter"rent, n. That which deters or
prevents.
De*ter"sion (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82tersion. See Deterge.] The
act of deterging or cleansing, as a sore.
De*ter"sive (?), a. [Cf.
d\'82tersif.] Cleansing; detergent.
-- n. A cleansing agent; a
detergent.
De*ter"sive*ly, adv. In a way to
cleanse.
De*ter"sive*ness, n. The quality of
cleansing.
De*test" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Detested; p.
pr. & vb. n. Detesting.] [L.
detestare, detestatum, and
detestari, to curse while calling a deity to witness,
to execrate, detest; de + testari to be a
witness, testify, testis a witness: cf. F.
d\'82tester. See Testify.]
1. To witness against; to denounce; to
condemn. [Obs.]
The heresy of Nestorius . . . was detested in the
Eastern churches.
Fuller.
God hath detested them with his own mouth.
Bale.
2. To hate intensely; to abhor; to abominate; to
loathe; as, we detest what is contemptible or
evil.
Who dares think one thing, and another tell,
My heart detests him as the gates of hell.
Pope.
Syn. -- To abhor; abominate; execrate. See
Hate.
De*test`a*bil"i*ty (?), n.
Capacity of being odious. [R.]
Carlyle.
De*test"a*ble (?), a. [L.
detestabilis: cf. F. d\'82testable.]
Worthy of being detested; abominable; extremely hateful;
very odious; deserving abhorrence; as, detestable
vices.
Thou hast defiled my sanctuary will all thy
detestable things, and with all thine
abominations.
Ezek. v. 11.
Syn. -- Abominable; odious; execrable; abhorred.
De*test"a*ble*ness, n. The quality or
state of being detestable.
De*test"a*bly, adv. In a detestable
manner.
De*test"tate (?), v. t. To
detest. [Obs.]
Udall.
Det`es*ta"tion (?; 277), n. [L.
detestatio: cf. F. d\'82testation.]
The act of detesting; extreme hatred or dislike; abhorrence;
loathing.
We are heartily agreed in our detestation of civil
war.
Burke.
De*test"er (?), n. One who
detes//
De*throne" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dethroned
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dethroning.] [Pref. de- +
throne: cf. F. d\'82tr\'93ner; pref.
d\'82- (L. dis-) + tr\'93ne
throne. See Throne.] To remove or drive from
a throne; to depose; to divest of supreme authority and
dignity. \'bdThe Protector was dethroned.\'b8
Hume.
De*throne"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82tr\'93nement.] Deposal from a throne;
deposition from regal power.
De*thron"er (?), n. One who
dethrones.
De*thron`i*za"tion (?), n.
Dethronement. [Obs.]
Speed.
De*thron"ize (?), v. t. [Cf.
LL. dethronizare.] To dethrone or
unthrone. [Obs.]
Cotgrave.
Det"i*nue (?; 277), n. [OF.
detinu, detenu, p. p. of detenir
to detain. See Detain.] A person or thing
detained; (Law) a form of action for the
recovery of a personal chattel wrongfully detained.
Writ of detinue (Law), one that
lies against him who wrongfully detains goods or
chattels delivered to him, or in possession, to recover the thing
itself, or its value and damages, from the detainer. It is now in
a great measure superseded by other remedies.
Det"o*nate (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Detonated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Detonating
(?).] [L. detonare, v. i.,
to thunder down; de + tonare to thunder;
akin to E. thunder. See Thunder, and cf.
Detonize.] To explode with a sudden report;
as, niter detonates with sulphur.
Det"o*nate, v. t. To cause to explode;
to cause to burn or inflame with a sudden report.
Det"o*na`ting, a. & n. from
Detonate.
Detonating gas, a mixture of two volumes of
hydrogen with one volume of oxygen, which explodes with a loud
report upon ignition. -- Detonating powder,
any powder or solid substance, as fulminate of mercury, which
when struck, explodes with violence and a loud report. --
Detonating primer, a primer exploded by a fuse; --
used to explode gun cotton in blasting operations. --
Detonating tube, a strong tube of glass, usually
graduated, closed at one end, and furnished with two wires
passing through its sides at opposite points, and nearly meeting,
for the purpose of exploding gaseous mixtures by an electric
spark, as in gas analysis, etc.
Det`o*na"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82tonation.] An explosion or sudden
report made by the instantaneous decomposition or combustion of
unstable substances' as, the detonation of gun
cotton.
Det`o*na`tor (?), n. One who,
or that which, detonates.
Det`o*ni*za"tion (?), n. The
act of detonizing; detonation.
Det"o*nize (?), v. t. & i. [See
Detonate.] [imp. & p.
p.Detonized (#); p. pr. & vb.
n. Detonizing.] To explode, or
cause to explode; to burn with an explosion; to detonate.
De*tor"sion (?), n. Same as
Detortion.
De*tort" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Detorted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Detorting.] [L.
detortus, p. p. of detorquere to turn away;
de + torquere to turn about, twist: cf. F.
d\'82torquer, d\'82tordre.] To
turn form the original or plain meaning; to pervert; to
wrest.
Hammond.
De*tor"tion (?), n. The act of
detorting, or the state of being detorted; a twisting or
warping.
De`tour" (?), n. [F.
d\'82tour, fr. d\'82tourner to turn aside;
pref. d\'82- (L. dis-) + tourner
to turn. See Turn.] A turning; a circuitous
route; a deviation from a direct course; as, the
detours of the Mississippi.
De*tract" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Detracted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Detracting.] [L.
detractus, p. p. of detrahere to detract;
de + trahere to draw: cf. F.
d\'82tracter. See Trace.]
1. To take away; to withdraw.
Detract much from the view of the without.
Sir H. Wotton.
2. To take credit or reputation from; to
defame.
That calumnious critic . . .
Detracting what laboriously we do.
Drayton.
Syn. -- To derogate; decry; disparage; depreciate; asperse;
vilify; defame; traduce. See Decry.
De*tract", v. i. To take away a part or
something, especially from one's credit; to lessen reputation; to
derogate; to defame; -- often with from.
It has been the fashion to detract both from the
moral and literary character of Cicero.
V. Knox.
De*tract"er (?), n. One who
detracts; a detractor.
Other detracters and malicious writers.
Sir T. North.
De*tract"ing*ly, adv. In a detracting
manner.
De*trac"tion (?), n. [F.
d\'82traction, L. detractio.]
1. A taking away or withdrawing.
[Obs.]
The detraction of the eggs of the said wild
fowl.
Bacon.
2. The act of taking away from the reputation or
good name of another; a lessening or cheapening in the estimation
of others; the act of depreciating another, from envy or malice;
calumny.
Syn. -- Depreciation; disparagement; derogation; slander;
calumny; aspersion; censure.
De*trac"tious (?), a.
Containing detraction; detractory. [R.]
Johnson.
De*tract"ive (?), a.
1. Tending to detractor draw.
[R.]
2. Tending to lower in estimation;
depreciative.
De*tract"ive*ness, n. The quality of
being detractive.
De*trac"or (?), n. [L.: cf. F.
d\'82tracteur.] One who detracts; a
derogator; a defamer.
His detractors were noisy and scurrilous.
Macaulay.
Syn. -- Slanderer; calumniator; defamer; vilifier.
De*tract"o*ry (?), a.
Defamatory by denial of desert; derogatory;
calumnious.
Sir T. Browne.
De*tract"ress, n. A female
detractor.
Addison.
De*train" (?), v. i. & t. To
alight, or to cause to alight, from a railway train.
[Eng.]
London Graphic.
De*trect" (?), v. t. [L.
detrectare; de + tractare,
intens. of trahere to draw.] To refuse; to
decline. [Obs.] \'bdTo detrect the
battle.\'b8
Holinshed.
<-- p. 402 -->
Det"ri*ment (?), n. [L.
detrimentum, fr. deterere,
detritum, to rub or wear away; de +
terere to rub: cf. F. d\'82triment. See
Trite.]
1. That which injures or causes damage; mischief;
harm; diminution; loss; damage; -- used very generically; as,
detriments to property, religion, morals,
etc.
I can repair
That detriment, if such it be.
Milton.
2. A charge made to students and barristers for
incidental repairs of the rooms they occupy.
[Eng.]
Syn. -- Injury; loss; damage; disadvantage; prejudice; hurt;
mischief; harm.
Det"ri*ment (?), v. t. To do
injury to; to hurt. [Archaic]
Other might be determined thereby.
Fuller.
Det`ri*men"tal (?), a. Causing
detriment; injurious; hurtful.
Neither dangerous nor detrimental to the donor.
Addison.
Syn. -- Injurious; hurtful; prejudicial; disadvantageous;
mischievous; pernicious.
Det`ri*men"tal*ness, n. The quality of
being detrimental; injuriousness.
De*tri"tal (?), a.
(Geol.) Pertaining to, or composed of,
detritus.
De*trite" (?), a. [L.
detritus, p. p.] Worn out.
De*tri"tion (?), n. [LL.
detritio. See Detriment.] A
wearing off or away.
Phonograms which by process long-continued
detrition have reached a step of extreme
simplicity.
I. Taylor (The Alphabet).
De*tri"tus (?), n. [F.
d\'82tritus, fr. L. detritus, p. p. of
deterere. See Detriment.]
1. (Geol.) A mass of substances worn off
from solid bodies by attrition, and reduced to small portions;
as, diluvial detritus.
d\'82bris is
used.
2. Hence: Any fragments separated from the body to
which they belonged; any product of disintegration.
The mass of detritus of which modern languages are
composed.
Farrar.
De*trude" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Detruded; p.
pr. & vb. n. Detruding.] [L.
detrudere, detrusum; de +
trudere to thrust, push.] To thrust down or
out; to push down with force.
Locke.
De*tun"cate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Detruncated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Detruncating.] [L.
detruncatus, p. p. of detruncare to cut
off; de + truncare to maim, shorten, cut
off. See Truncate.] To shorten by cutting; to
cut off; to lop off.
De`trun*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
detruncatio: cf. F. d\'82troncation.]
The act of lopping or cutting off, as the head from the
body.
De*tru"sion (?), n. [L.
detrusio. See Detrude.] The act of
thrusting or driving down or outward; outward thrust. --
De*tru"sive, a.
Dette (?), n. Debt.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dette"les (?), a. Free from
debt. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
De`tu*mes"cence (?), n. [L.
detumescere to cease swelling; de +
tumescere, tumere, to swell.]
Diminution of swelling; subsidence of anything
swollen. [R.]
Cudworth.
\'d8De"tur (?), n. [L.
detur let it be given.] A present of books
given to a meritorious undergraduate student as a prize.
[Harvard Univ., U. S.]
De*turb" (?), v. t. [L.
deturbare.] To throw down.
[Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
De*tur"bate (?), v. t. [LL.
deturbatus, p. p. of deturbare, fr. L.
deturbare to thrust down.] To evict; to
remove. [Obs.]
Foxe.
Det`ur*ba"tion (?), n. The act
of deturbating. [Obs.]
De*turn" (?), v. t. [Pref.
de- + turn. Cf. Detour.]
To turn away. [Obs.]
Sir K. Digby.
De*tur"pate (?), v. t. [L.
deturpare; de + turpare to make
ugly, defile, turpis ugly, foul.] To
defile; to disfigure. [Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.
Det`ur*pa"tion (?), n. A making
foul. [Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.
Deuce (?), n. [F.
deux two, OF. deus, fr. L. duo.
See Two.]
1. (Gaming) Two; a card or a die with
two spots; as, the deuce of hearts.
2. (Tennis) A condition of the score
beginning when/ver each side has won three strokes in the same
game (also reckoned \'bd40 all\'b8), and reverted to as often as
a tie is made until one of the sides secures two successive
strokes following a tie or deuce, which decides the
game.
Deuce, n. [Cf. LL. dusius,
Armor, dus, te\'96z, phantom, specter;
Gael. taibhs, taibhse, apparition, ghost;
or fr. OF. deus God, fr. L. deus (cf.
Deity.)] The devil; a demon. [A
euphemism, written also deuse.]
[Low]
Deu"ced (?), a. Devilish;
excessive; extreme. [Low] --
Deu"ced*ly, adv.
Deuse (?), n.; Deu"sed
(/), a. See Deuce,
Deuced.
Deu`ter*o*ca*non"ic*al (?), a.
[Gr. / second + E. canonical.]
Pertaining to a second canon, or ecclesiastical writing of
inferior authority; -- said of the Apocrypha, certain Epistles,
etc.
Deu`ter*og"a*mist (?), n. [See
Deuterogamy.] One who marries the second
time.
Deu`ter*og"a*my (?), n. [Gr.
/; / second + / wedding, marriage.] A second
marriage, after the death of the first husband of wife; -- in
distinction from bigamy, as defined in the old canon law. See
Bigamy.
Goldsmith.
Deu`ter*o*gen"ic (?), a. [Gr.
/ second + root of / to be born.] (Geol.)
Of secondary origin; -- said of certain rocks whose material
has been derived from older rocks.
Deu`ter*on"o*mist (?), n. The
writer of Deuteronomy.
Deu`ter*on"o*my (?), n. [Gr.
/; / second + / law: cf. L.
Deuteronomium.] (Bibl.) The
fifth book of the Pentateuch, containing the second giving of the
law by Moses.
{ \'d8Deu`ter*o*pa*thi"a (?),
Deu`ter*op"a*thy (?), } n.
[NL. deuteropathia, fr. Gr. / second + /
suffering, fr. /, /, to suffer: cf. F.
deut\'82ropathie.] (Med.) A
sympathetic affection of any part of the body, as headache from
an overloaded stomach.
Deu`ter*o*path"ic (?), a.
Pertaining to deuteropathy; of the nature of
deuteropathy.
Deu`ter*os"co*py (?), n. [Gr.
/ second + -scopy.]
1. Second sight.
I felt by anticipation the horrors of the Highland seers, whom
their gift of deuteroscopy compels to witness things
unmeet for mortal eye.
Sir W. Scott.
2. That which is seen at a second view; a meaning
beyond the literal sense; the second intention; a hidden
signification.
Sir T. Browne.
Deu`ter*o*zo"oid (?), n. [Gr.
/ second + E. zooid.] (Zo\'94l.)
One of the secondary, and usually sexual, zooids produced by
budding or fission from the primary zooids, in animals having
alternate generations. In the tapeworms, the joints are
deuterozooids.
Deut`hy*drog"u*ret (?), n.
(Chem.) Same as Deutohydroguret.
Deu"to- (?) Deut-
(d\'d4t-) [Contr. from Gr. / second.]
(Chem.) A prefix which formerly properly
indicated the second in a regular series of compound
in the series, and not to its composition, but which is now
generally employed in the same sense as bi- or
di-, although little used.
Deu`to*hy*drog"u*ret (?), n.
[Pref. deut-, deuto- +
hydroguret.] (Chem.) A compound
containing in the molecule two atoms of hydrogen united with some
other element or radical. [Obs.]
Deu"to*plasm (?), n. [Pref.
deuto- + Gr. / form.] (Biol.)
The lifeless food matter in the cytoplasm of an ovum or a
cell, as distinguished from the active or true protoplasm; yolk
substance; yolk.
Deu`to*plas"tic (?), a. [Pref.
deuto- + Gr. / plastic.] (Biol.)
Pertaining to, or composed of, deutoplasm.
Deu`to*sul"phu*ret (?), n.
[Pref. deuto- + sulphuret.]
(Chem.) A disulphide. [Obs.]
Deu*tox"ide (?; 104), n. [Pref.
deut- + oxide.] (Chem.)
A compound containing in the molecule two atoms of oxygen
united with some other element or radical; -- usually called
dioxide, or less frequently,
binoxide.
\'d8Deut"zi*a (?), n. [NL.
Named after Jan Deutz of Holland.]
(Bot.) A genus of shrubs with pretty white
flowers, much cultivated.
\'d8Dev (?), \'d8De"va
(/), n. [Skr. d/va. Cf.
Deity.] (Hind. Myth.) A god; a
deity; a divine being; an idol; a king.
\'d8De`va*na"ga*ri (?), n.
[Skr. d/van\'begar\'c6; d/va god +
nagara city, i. e., divine
city.] The character in which Sanskrit is
written.
De*vap`o*ra"tion (?), n. The
change of vapor into water, as in the formation of rain.
De*vast" (?), v. t. [Cf. F.
d\'82vaster. See Devastate.] To
devastate. [Obs.]
Bolingbroke.
Dev"as*tate (?; 277), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Devastated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Devastating.] [L.
devastatus, p. p. of devastare to
devastate; de + vastare to lay waste,
vastus waste. See Vast.] To lay
waste; to ravage; to desolate.
Whole countries . . . were devastated.
Macaulay.
Syn. -- To waste; ravage; desolate; destroy; demolish;
plunder; pillage.
Dev`as*ta"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82vastation.]
1. The act of devastating, or the state of being
devastated; a laying waste.
Even now the devastation is begun,
And half the business of destruction done.
Goldsmith.
2. (Law) Waste of the goods of the
deceased by an executor or administrator.
Blackstone.
Syn. -- Desolation; ravage; waste; havoc; destruction; ruin;
overthrow.
Dev"as*ta`tor (?), n.
[L.] One who, or that which, devastates.
Emerson.
\'d8Dev`as*ta"vit (?), n. [L.,
he has wasted.] (Law) Waste or
misapplication of the assets of a deceased person by an executor
or an administrator.
Bouvier.
\'d8De"va*ta (?), n. [Hind.,
fr. Skr. d/va god.] (Hind. Myth.)
A deity; a divine being; a good spirit; an idol.
[Written also dewata.]
Deve (?), a. [See
Deaf.] Deaf. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dev"el*in (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) The European swift. [Prov.
Eng.]
De*vel"op (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Developed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Developing.] [F.
d\'82veloper; d\'82- (L. dis-) +
OF. voluper, voleper, to envelop, perh.
from L. volup agreeably, delightfully, and hence
orig., to make agreeable or comfortable by enveloping, to keep
snug (cf. Voluptuous); or. perh. fr. a derivative of
volvere, volutum, to roll (cf.
Devolve). Cf. Envelop.] [Written
also develope.]
1. To free from that which infolds or envelops; to
unfold; to lay open by degrees or in detail; to make visible or
known; to disclose; to produce or give forth; as, to
develop theories; a motor that develops 100
horse power.
These serve to develop its tenets.
Milner.
The 20th was spent in strengthening our position and
developing the line of the enemy.
The Century.
2. To unfold gradually, as a flower from a bud;
hence, to bring through a succession of states or stages, each of
which is preparatory to the next; to form or expand by a process
of growth; to cause to change gradually from an embryo, or a
lower state, to a higher state or form of being; as, sunshine
and rain develop the bud into a flower; to
develop the mind.
The sound developed itself into a real
compound.
J. Peile.
All insects . . . acquire the jointed legs before the wings
are fully developed.
Owen.
3. To advance; to further; to prefect; to make to
increase; to promote the growth of.
We must develop our own resources to the
utmost.
Jowett (Thucyd).
4. (Math.) To change the form of, as of
an algebraic expression, by executing certain indicated
operations without changing the value.
5. (Photog.) To cause to become visible,
as an invisible or latent image upon plate, by submitting it to
chemical agents; to bring to view.
To develop a curved surface on a place
(Geom.), to produce on the plane an equivalent
surface, as if by rolling the curved surface so that all parts
shall successively touch the plane.
Syn. -- To uncover; unfold; evolve; promote; project; lay
open; disclose; exhibit; unravel; disentangle.
De*vel"op (?), v. i.
1. To go through a process of natural evolution or
growth, by successive changes from a less perfect to a more
perfect or more highly organized state; to advance from a simpler
form of existence to one more complex either in structure or
function; as, a blossom develops from a bud; the
seed develops into a plant; the embryo develops
into a well-formed animal; the mind develops year by
year.
Nor poets enough to understand
That life develops from within.
Mrs. Browning.
2. To become apparent gradually; as, a picture
on sensitive paper develops on the application of heat;
the plans of the conspirators develop.
De*vel"op*a*ble (?), a. Capable
of being developed.
J. Peile.
Developable surface (Math.), a
surface described by a moving right line, and such that
consecutive positions of the generator intersect each other.
Hence, the surface can be developed into a plane.
De*vel"op*er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, develops.
2. (Photog.) A reagent by the action of
which the latent image upon a photographic plate, after exposure
in the camera, or otherwise, is developed and visible.
De*vel"op*ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82veloppement.] [Written also
developement.]
1. The act of developing or disclosing that which
is unknown; a gradual unfolding process by which anything is
developed, as a plan or method, or an image upon a photographic
plate; gradual advancement or growth through a series of
progressive changes; also, the result of developing, or a
developed state.
A new development of imagination, taste, and
poetry.
Channing.
2. (Biol.) The series of changes which
animal and vegetable organisms undergo in their passage from the
embryonic state to maturity, from a lower to a higher state of
organization.
3. (Math.) (a) The act or
process of changing or expanding an expression into another of
equivalent value or meaning. (b) The
equivalent expression into which another has been
developed.
4. (mus.) The elaboration of a theme or
subject; the unfolding of a musical idea; the evolution of a
whole piece or movement from a leading theme or motive.
Development theory (Biol.), the
doctrine that animals and plants possess the power of passing by
slow and successive stages from a lower to a higher state of
organization, and that all the higher forms of life now in
existence were thus developed by uniform laws from lower forms,
and are not the result of special creative acts. See the Note
under Darwinian.
Syn. -- Unfolding; disclosure; unraveling; evolution;
elaboration; growth.
De*vel`op*men"tal (?), a.
Pertaining to, or characteristic of, the process of
development; as, the developmental power of a
germ.
Carpenter.
Dev`e*nus"tate (?), v. t. [L.
devenustatus, p. p. of devenustare to
disfigure; de + venustus lovely,
graceful.] To deprive of beauty or grace.
[Obs.]
{ De*ver"gence (?), De*ver"gen*cy
(?), } n. See
Divergence. [Obs.]
De*vest" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Devested; p.
pr. & vb. n. Devesting.] [L.
devestire to undress; de +
vestire to dress: cf. OF. devestir, F.
d\'82v\'88tir. Cf. Divest.]
1. To divest; to undress.
Shak.
2. To take away, as an authority, title, etc., to
deprive; to alienate, as an estate.
divest, except in the legal sense.
De*vest", v. i. (Law) To be
taken away, lost, or alienated, as a title or an estate.
De*vex" (?), a. [L.
devexus, from devehere to carry
down.] Bending down; sloping.
[Obs.]
De*vex", n. Devexity.
[Obs.]
May (Lucan).
De*vex"i*ty (?), n. [L.
devexitas, fr. devexus. See Devex,
a.] A bending downward; a sloping;
incurvation downward; declivity. [R.]
Davies (Wit's Pilgr.)
\'d8De"vi (?), n.;
fem. of Deva. A goddess.
De"vi*ant (?), a.
Deviating. [Obs.]
De"vi*ate (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Deviated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Deviating
(?).] [L. deviare to
deviate; de + viare to go, travel,
via way. See Viaduct.] To go out
of the way; to turn aside from a course or a method; to stray or
go astray; to err; to digress; to diverge; to vary.
Thus Pegasus, a nearer way to take,
May boldly deviate from the common track.
Pope.
Syn. -- To swerve; stray; wander; digress; depart; deflect;
err.
De"vi*ate, v. t. To cause to
deviate. [R.]
To deviate a needle.
J. D. Forbes.
De`vi*a"tion (?), n. [LL.
deviatio: cf. F. d\'82viation.]
1. The act of deviating; a wandering from the way;
variation from the common way, from an established rule, etc.;
departure, as from the right course or the path of duty.
2. The state or result of having deviated; a
transgression; an act of sin; an error; an offense.
<-- p. 403 -->
2. (Com.) The voluntary and unnecessary
departure of a ship from, or delay in, the regular and usual
course of the specific voyage insured, thus releasing the
underwriters from their responsibility.
Deviation of a falling body (Physics),
that deviation from a strictly vertical line of descent which
occurs in a body falling freely, in consequence of the rotation
of the earth. -- Deviation of the compass,
the angle which the needle of a ship's compass makes with the
magnetic meridian by reason of the magnetism of the iron parts of
the ship. -- Deviation of the line of the
vertical, the difference between the actual direction
of a plumb line and the direction it would have if the earth were
a perfect ellipsoid and homogeneous, -- caused by the attraction
of a mountain, or irregularities in the earth's
density.
De"vi*a`tor (?), n. [L., a
forsaker.] One who, or that which, deviates.
De"vi*a*to*ry (?), a. Tending
to deviate; devious; as, deviatory
motion. [R.]
Tully.
De*vice" (?), n. [OE.
devis, devise, will, intention, opinion,
invention, fr. F. devis architect's plan and estimates
(in OF., division, plan, wish), devise device (in
sense 3), in OF. also, division, wish, last will, fr.
deviser. See Devise, v. t., and
cf. Devise, n.]
1. That which is devised, or formed by design; a
contrivance; an invention; a project; a scheme; often, a scheme
to deceive; a stratagem; an artifice.
His device in against Babylon, to destroy it.
Jer. li. 11.
Their recent device of demanding benevolences.
Hallam.
He disappointeth the devices of the crafty.
Job v. 12.
2. Power of devising; invention; contrivance.
I must have instruments of my own device.
Landor.
3. (a) An emblematic design, generally
consisting of one or more figures with a motto, used apart from
heraldic bearings to denote the historical situation, the
ambition, or the desire of the person adopting it. See
Cognizance. (b) Improperly, an
heraldic bearing.
Knights-errant used to distinguish themselves by
devices on their shields.
Addison.
A banner with this strange device -
Excelsior.
Longfellow.
4. Anything fancifully conceived.
Shak.
5. A spectacle or show. [Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.
6. Opinion; decision. [Obs.]
Rom. of R.
Syn. -- Contrivance; invention; design; scheme; project;
stratagem; shift. -- Device,
Contrivance. Device implies more of inventive
power, and contrivance more of skill and dexterity in
execution. A device usually has reference to something
worked out for exhibition or show; a contrivance
usually respects the arrangement or disposition of things with
reference to securing some end. Devices were worn by
knights-errant on their shields; contrivances are
generally used to promote the practical convenience of life. The
word device is often used in a bad sense; as, a
crafty device; contrivance is almost
always used in a good sense; as, a useful
contrivance.
De*vice"ful (?), a. Full of
devices; inventive. [R.]
A carpet, rich, and of deviceful thread.
Chapman.
De*vice"ful*ly, adv. In a deviceful
manner. [R.]
Dev"il (?), n. [AS.
de\'a2fol, de\'a2ful; akin to G.
/eufel, Goth. diaba\'a3lus; all fr. L.
diabolus the devil, Gr. / the devil, the slanderer,
fr. / to slander, calumniate, orig., to throw across; /
across + / to throw, let fall, fall; cf. Skr. gal to
fall. Cf. Diabolic.]
1. The Evil One; Satan, represented as the tempter
and spiritual of mankind.
[Jesus] being forty days tempted of the devil.
Luke iv. 2.
That old serpent, called the Devil, and Satan,
which deceiveth the whole world.
Rev. xii. 9.
2. An evil spirit; a demon.
A dumb man possessed with a devil.
Matt. ix. 32.
3. A very wicked person; hence, any great
evil. \'bdThat devil Glendower.\'b8 \'bdThe
devil drunkenness.\'b8
Shak.
Have not I chosen you twelve, and one of you is a
devil?
John vi. 70.
4. An expletive of surprise, vexation, or emphasis,
or, ironically, of negation. [Low]
The devil a puritan that he is, . . . but a
timepleaser.
Shak.
The things, we know, are neither rich nor rare,
But wonder how the devil they got there.
Pope.
5. (Cookery) A dish, as a bone with the
meat, broiled and excessively peppered; a grill with Cayenne
pepper.
Men and women busy in baking, broiling, roasting oysters, and
preparing devils on the gridiron.
Sir W. Scott.
6. (Manuf.) A machine for tearing or
cutting rags, cotton, etc.
Blue devils. See under Blue. --
Cartesian devil. See under
Cartesian. -- Devil bird
(Zo\'94l.), one of two or more South African
drongo shrikes (Edolius retifer, and E.
remifer), believed by the natives to be connected with
sorcery. -- Devil may care, reckless, defiant
of authority; -- used adjectively. Longfellow. --
Devil's apron (Bot.), the large kelp
(Laminaria saccharina, and L. longicruris)
of the Atlantic ocean, having a blackish, leathery expansion,
shaped somewhat like an apron. -- Devil's
coachhorse. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The
black rove beetle (Ocypus olens).
[Eng.] (b) A large, predacious,
hemipterous insect (Prionotus cristatus); the wheel
bug. [U.S.] -- Devil's
darning-needle. (Zo\'94l.) See under
Darn, v. t. -- Devil's
fingers, Devil's hand
(Zo\'94l.), the common British starfish
(Asterias rubens); -- also applied to a sponge with
stout branches. [Prov. Eng., Irish & Scot.] --
Devil's riding-horse (Zo\'94l.), the
American mantis (Mantis Carolina). -- The
Devil's tattoo, a drumming with the fingers or feet.
\'bdJack played the Devil's tattoo on the door with his
boot heels.\'b8 F. Hardman (Blackw. Mag.). --
Devil worship, worship of the power of evil; --
still practiced by barbarians who believe that the good and evil
forces of nature are of equal power. -- Printer's
devil, the youngest apprentice in a printing office,
who runs on errands, does dirty work (as washing the ink rollers
and sweeping), etc. \'bdWithout fearing the printer's
devil or the sheriff's officer.\'b8 Macaulay.
-- Tasmanian devil (Zo\'94l.), a very
savage carnivorous marsupial of Tasmania (Dasyurus, ). -- To play devil with,
to molest extremely; to ruin. [Low]
Dev"il (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Deviled (?)
or Devilled; p. pr. & vb. n.
Deviling (?) or
Devilling.]
1. To make like a devil; to invest with the
character of a devil.
2. To grill with Cayenne pepper; to season highly
in cooking, as with pepper.
A deviled leg of turkey.
W. Irving.
<-- deviled egg a hard-boiled egg, sliced into
halves and with the yolk removed and replaced with a paste,
usually made from the yolk and mayonnaise, seasoned with salt
and/or spices such as paprika. -->
Dev"il-div`er (?), Dev"il bird`
(/), n.. (Zo\'94l.) A
small water bird. See Dabchick.
Dev"il*ess (?), n. A
she-devil. [R.]
Sterne.
Dev"il*et (?), n. A little
devil. [R.]
Barham.
Dev"il*fish` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) A huge ray (Manta
birostris Cephaloptera vampyrus) of the
Gulf of Mexico and Southern Atlantic coasts. Several other
related species take the same name. See
Cephaloptera. (b) A large
cephalopod, especially the very large species of
Octopus and Architeuthis. See
Octopus. (c) The gray whale of the Pacific
coast. See Gray whale. (d) The
goosefish or angler (Lophius), and other allied
fishes. See Angler.
Dev"il*ing, n. A young devil.
[Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.
Dev"il*ish, a.
1. Resembling, characteristic of, or pertaining to,
the devil; diabolical; wicked in the extreme.
\'bdDevilish wickedness.\'b8
Sir P. Sidney.
This wisdom descendeth not from above, but is earthly,
sensual, devilish.
James iii. 15.
2. Extreme; excessive. [Colloq.]
Dryden.
Syn. -- Diabolical; infernal; hellish; satanic; wicked;
malicious; detestable; destructive.
-- Dev"il*ish*ly, adv. --
Dev"il*ish*ness, n.
Dev"il*ism (?), n. The state of
the devil or of devils; doctrine of the devil or of devils.
Bp. Hall.
Dev"il*ize (?), v. t. To make a
devil of. [R.]
He that should deify a saint, should wrong him as much as he
that should devilize him.
Bp. Hall.
Dev"il*kin (?), n. A little
devil; a devilet.
Dev"il*ment (?), n.
Deviltry.
Bp. Warburton.
Dev"il*ry (?), n.; pl.
Devilries (/).
1. Conduct suitable to the devil; extreme
wickedness; deviltry.
Stark lies and devilry.
Sir T. More.
2. The whole body of evil spirits.
Tylor.
Dev"il's darn"ing-nee`dle. (Zo\'94l.) A
dragon fly. See Darning needle, under Darn,
v. t.
Dev"il*ship, n. The character or person
of a devil or the devil.
Cowley.
Dev"il*try (?), n.; pl.
Deviltries (/). Diabolical
conduct; malignant mischief; devilry.
C. Reade.
Dev"il*wood` (?), n.
(Bot.) A kind of tree (Osmanthus
Americanus), allied to the European olive.
De"vi*ous (?), a. [L.
devius; de + via way. See
Viaduct.]
1. Out of a straight line; winding; varying from
directness; as, a devious path or way.
2. Going out of the right or common course; going
astray; erring; wandering; as, a devious
step.
Syn. -- Wandering; roving; rambling; vagrant.
-- De"vi*ous*ly, adv. --
De"vi*ous*ness, n.
De*vir"gin*ate (?), a. [L.
devirginatus, p. p. of devirginare.]
Deprived of virginity. [R.]
De*vir"gin*ate (?), v. t. To
deprive of virginity; to deflour. [R.]
Sandys.
De*vir`gi*na"tion (?), n. [L.
devirginatio.] A deflouring.
[R.]
Feltham.
De*vis"a*ble (?), a. [From
Devise.]
1. Capable of being devised, invented, or
contrived.
2. Capable of being bequeathed, or given by
will.
De*vis"al (?), n. A
devising.
Whitney.
De*vise" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Devised
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Devising.] [OF. deviser to
distribute, regulate, direct, relate, F., to chat, fr. L.
divisus divided, distributed, p. p. of
dividere. See Divide, and cf.
Device.]
1. To form in the mind by new combinations of
ideas, new applications of principles, or new arrangement of
parts; to formulate by thought; to contrive; to excogitate; to
invent; to plan; to scheme; as, to devise an engine,
a new mode of writing, a plan of defense, or an
argument.
To devise curious works.
Ex. CCTV. 32.
Devising schemes to realize his ambitious
views.
Bancroft.
2. To plan or scheme for; to purpose to
obtain.
For wisdom is most riches; fools therefore
They are which fortunes do by vows devise.
Spenser.
3. To say; to relate; to describe.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
4. To imagine; to guess. [Obs.]
Spenser.
5. (Law) To give by will; -- used of
real estate; formerly, also, of chattels.
Syn. -- To bequeath; invent; discover; contrive; excogitate;
imagine; plan; scheme. See Bequeath.
De*vise", v. i. To form a scheme; to lay
a plan; to contrive; to consider.
I thought, devised, and Pallas heard my prayer.
Pope.
Devise was formerly followed by
of; as, let us devise of ease.
Spenser.
De*vise" (?), n. [OF.
devise division, deliberation, wish, will, testament.
See Device.]
1. The act of giving or disposing of real estate by
will; -- sometimes improperly applied to a bequest of personal
estate.
2. A will or testament, conveying real estate; the
clause of a will making a gift of real property.
Fines upon devises were still exacted.
Bancroft.
3. Property devised, or given by will.
De*vise" (?), n. Device. See
Device. [Obs.]
Dev`i*see" (?), n. (Law)
One to whom a devise is made, or real estate given by
will.
De*vis"er (?), n. One who
devises.
De*vis"or (?), n. (Law)
One who devises, or gives real estate by will; a testator;
-- correlative to devisee.
Dev"i*ta*ble (?), a. [L.
devitare to avoid; de + vitare
to shun, avoid.] Avoidable. [Obs.]
De*vi"tal*ize (?), v. t. To
deprive of life or vitality. --
De*vi`tal*i*za"tion (#),
n.
Dev`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
devitatio.] An avoiding or escaping; also,
a warning. [Obs.]
Bailey.
De*vit`ri*fi*ca"tion (?), n.
The act or process of devitrifying, or the state of being
devitrified. Specifically, the conversion of molten glassy matter
into a stony mass by slow cooling, the result being the formation
of crystallites, microbites, etc., in the glassy base, which are
then called devitrification products.
De*vit"ri*fy (?), v. t. To
deprive of glasslike character; to take away vitreous luster and
transparency from.
De*vo"cal*ize (?), v. t. To
make toneless; to deprive of vowel quality. --
De*vo`cal*i*za"tion,
n.
If we take a high vowel, such as (i) [= nearly i of bit], and
devocalize it, we obtain a hiss which is quite
distinct enough to stand for a weak (jh).
H. Sweet.
Dev`o*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
devocare to call off or away; de +
vocare to call.] A calling off or
away. [R.]
Hallywell.
De*void" (?), v. t. [OE.
devoiden to leave, OF. desvuidier,
desvoidier, to empty out. See Void.]
To empty out; to remove.
De*void", a. [See Devoid,
v. t.]
1. Void; empty; vacant. [Obs.]
Spenser.
2. Destitute; not in possession; -- with
of; as, devoid of sense; devoid
of pity or of pride.
\'d8De*voir" (?), n. [F., fr.
L. debere to owe. See Due.] Duty;
service owed; hence, due act of civility or respect; -- now
usually in the plural; as, they paid their devoirs
to the ladies. \'bdDo now your devoid,
young knights!\'b8
Chaucer.
Dev"o*lute (?), v. t. [L.
devolutus, p. p. of devolvere. See
Devolve.] To devolve.
[Obs.]
Foxe.
Dev`o*lu"tion (?), n. [LL.
devolutio: cf. F. d\'82volution.]
1. The act of rolling down. [R.]
The devolution of earth down upon the valleys.
Woodward.
2. Transference from one person to another; a
passing or devolving upon a successor.
The devolution of the crown through a . . . channel
known and conformable to old constitutional requisitions.
De Quincey.
De*volve" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Devolved
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Devolving.] [L. devolvere,
devolutum, to roll down; de +
volvere to roll down; de +
volvere to roll. See Voluble.]
1. To roll onward or downward; to pass on.
Every headlong stream
Devolves its winding waters to the main.
Akenside.
Devolved his rounded periods.
Tennyson.
2. To transfer from one person to another; to
deliver over; to hand down; -- generally with upon,
sometimes with to or into.
They devolved a considerable share of their power
upon their favorite.
Burke.
They devolved their whole authority into the hands
of the council of sixty.
Addison.
De*volve", v. i. To pass by transmission
or succession; to be handed over or down; -- generally with
on or upon, sometimes with to or
into; as, after the general fell, the command
devolved upon (or on) the next officer in
rank.
His estate . . . devolved to Lord Somerville.
Johnson.
De*volve"ment (?), n. The act
or process of devolving;; devolution.
De"von (?), n. One of a breed
of hardy cattle originating in the country of Devon, England.
Those of pure blood have a deep red color. The small, longhorned
variety, called North Devons, is distinguished by the
superiority of its working oxen.
De*vo"ni*an (?), a.
(Geol.) Of or pertaining to Devon or Devonshire
in England; as, the Devonian rocks, period, or
system.
Devonian age (Geol.), the age next
older than the Carboniferous and later than the Silurian; --
called also the Age of fishes. The various
strata of this age compose the Devonian formation or
system, and include the old red sandstone of Great
Britain. They contain, besides plants and numerous invertebrates,
the bony portions of many large and remarkable fishes of extinct
groups. See the Diagram under Geology.
De*vo"ni*an, n. The Devonian age or
formation.
Dev`o*ra"tion (?), n. [L.
devoratio. See Devour.] The act of
devouring. [Obs.]
Holinshed.
De*vo"ta*ry (?), n. [See
Devote, Votary.] A votary.
[Obs.]
J. Gregory.
De*vote" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Devoted; p. pr.
& vb. n. Devoting.] [L.
devotus, p. p. of devovere; de +
vovere to vow. See Vow, and cf.
Devout, Devow.]
1. To appropriate by vow; to set apart or dedicate
by a solemn act; to consecrate; also, to consign over; to doom;
to evil; to devote one to destruction; the city was
devoted to the flames.
No devoted thing that a man shall devote
unto the Lord . . . shall be sold or redeemed.
Lev. xxvii. 28.
2. To execrate; to curse. [Obs.]
3. To give up wholly; to addict; to direct the
attention of wholly or compound; to attach; -- often with a
reflexive pronoun; as, to devote one's self to
science, to one's friends, to piety, etc.
<-- p. 404 -->
Thy servant who is devoted to thy fear.
Ps. cxix. 38.
They devoted themselves unto all wickedness.
Grew.
A leafless and simple branch . . . devoted to the
purpose of climbing.
Gray.
Syn. -- To addict; apply; dedicate; consecrate; resign;
destine; doom; consign. See Addict.
De*vote" (?), a. [L.
devotus, p. p.] Devoted; addicted;
devout. [Obs.]
Milton.
De*vote", n. A devotee.
[Obs.]
Sir E. Sandys.
De*vot"ed, a. Consecrated to a purpose;
strongly attached; zealous; devout; as, a devoted
admirer. -- De*vot"ed*ly,
adv. -- De*vot"ed*ness,
n.
Dev`o*tee" (?), n. One who is
wholly devoted; esp., one given wholly to religion; one who is
superstitiously given to religious duties and ceremonies; a
bigot.
While Father Le Blanc was very devout he was not a
devotee.
A. S. Hardy.
De*vote"ment (?), n. The state
of being devoted, or set apart by a vow. [R.]
Bp. Hurd.
De*vot"er (?), n. One who
devotes; a worshiper.
De*vo"tion (?), n. [F.
d\'82votion, L. devotio.]
1. The act of devoting; consecration.
2. The state of being devoted; addiction; eager
inclination; strong attachment love or affection; zeal;
especially, feelings toward God appropriately expressed by acts
of worship; devoutness.
Genius animated by a fervent spirit of
devotion.
Macaulay.
3. Act of devotedness or devoutness; manifestation
of strong attachment; act of worship; prayer. \'bdThe love
of public devotion.\'b8
Hooker.
4. Disposal; power of disposal.
[Obs.]
They are entirely at our devotion, and may be
turned backward and forward, as we please.
Godwin.
5. A thing consecrated; an object of
devotion. [R.]
Churches and altars, priests and all devotions,
Tumbled together into rude chaos.
Beau. & Fl.
Days of devotion. See under
Day.
Syn. -- Consecration; devoutness; religiousness; piety;
attachment; devotedness; ardor; earnestness.
De*vo"tion*al (?), a. [L.
devotionalis.] Pertaining to, suited to, or
used in, devotion; as, a devotional posture;
devotional exercises; a devotional frame of
mind.
{ De*vo"tion*al*ist, De*vo"tion*ist,
} n. One given to devotion, esp. to
excessive formal devotion.
De*vo`tion*al"i*ty (?), n. The
practice of a devotionalist.
A. H. Clough.
De*vo"tion*al*ly (?), adv. In a
devotional manner; toward devotion.
\'d8De*vo"to (?), n.
[It.] A devotee.
Dr. J. Scott.
De*vo"tor (?), n. [L.]
A worshiper; one given to devotion.
[Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.
De*vour" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Devoured
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Devouring.] [F. d\'82vorer,
fr. L. devorare; de + vorare to
eat greedily, swallow up. See Voracious.]
1. To eat up with greediness; to consume
ravenously; to feast upon like a wild beast or a glutton; to prey
upon.
Some evil beast hath devoured him.
Gen. xxxvii. 20.
2. To seize upon and destroy or appropriate
greedily, selfishly, or wantonly; to consume; to swallow up; to
use up; to waste; to annihilate.
Famine and pestilence shall devour him.
Ezek. vii. 15.
I waste my life and do my days devour.
Spenser.
3. To enjoy with avidity; to appropriate or take in
eagerly by the senses.
Longing they look, and gaping at the sight,
Devour her o'er with vast delight.
Dryden.
Syn. -- To consume; waste; destroy; annihilate.
De*vour"a*ble (?), a. That may
be devoured.
De*vour"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, devours.
De*vour"ing*ly, adv. In a devouring
manner.
De*vout" (?), a. [OE.
devot, devout, F. d\'82vot, from
L. devotus devoted, p. p. of devovere. See
Devote, v. t.]
1. Devoted to religion or to religious feelings and
duties; absorbed in religious exercises; given to devotion;
pious; reverent; religious.
A devout man, and one that feared God.
Acts x. 2.
We must be constant and devout in the worship of
God.
Rogers.
2. Expressing devotion or piety; as, eyes
devout; sighs devout; a devout
posture.
Milton.
3. Warmly devoted; hearty; sincere; earnest;
as, devout wishes for one's welfare.
The devout, devoutly religious persons, those
who are sincerely pious.
Syn. -- Holy; pure; religious; prayerful; pious; earnest;
reverent; solemn; sincere.
De*vout", n.
1. A devotee. [Obs.]
Sheldon.
2. A devotional composition, or part of a
composition; devotion. [Obs.]
Milton.
De*vout"ful (?), a.
1. Full of devotion. [R.]
2. Sacred. [R.]
To take her from austerer check of parents,
To make her his by most devoutful rights.
Marston.
De*vout"less, a. Destitute of
devotion. -- De*vout"less*ly,
adv. -- De*vout"less*ness,
n.
De*vout"ly, adv.
1. In a devout and reverent manner; with devout
emotions; piously.
Cast her fair eyes to heaven and prayed
devoutly.
Shak.
2. Sincerely; solemnly; earnestly.
'T is a consummation
Devoutly to be wished.
Shak.
De*vout"ness, n. Quality or state of
being devout.
De*vove" (?), v. t. [See
Devote, v. t.] To devote.
[Obs.]
Cowley.
De*vow" (?), v. t. [F.
d\'82vouer, L. devovere. See
Devote, v. t.]
1. To give up; to devote. [Obs.]
2. [Cf. OF. desvoer. Cf.
Disavow.] To disavow; to disclaim.
[Obs.]
G. Fletcher.
De*vul"gar*ize (?), v. t. To
free from what is vulgar, common, or narrow.
Shakespeare and Plutarch's \'bdLives\'b8 are very
devulgarizing books.
E. A. Abbott.
Dew (?), n. [AS.
de\'a0w; akin to D. dauw, G.
thau, tau, Icel. d\'94gg, Sw.
dagg, Dan. dug; cf. Skr. dhav,
dh\'bev, to flow. ///. Cf. Dag
dew.]
1. Moisture from the atmosphere condensed by cool
bodies upon their surfaces, particularly at night.
Her tears fell with the dews at even.
Tennyson.
2. Figuratively, anything which falls lightly and
in a refreshing manner. \'bdThe golden dew of
sleep.\'b8
Shak.
3. An emblem of morning, or fresh vigor.
\'bdThe dew of his youth.\'b8
Longfellow.
Dew is used in combination; as,
dew-bespangled, dew-drenched,
dewdrop, etc.
Dew, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dewed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dewing.] To wet with dew or as with
dew; to bedew; to moisten; as with dew.
The grasses grew
A little ranker since they dewed them so.
A. B. Saxton.
Dew, a. & n. Same as Due, or
Duty. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Dew"ber`ry (?), n. (Bot.)
(a) The fruit of certain species of bramble
(Rubus); in England, the fruit of R.
c\'91sius, which has a glaucous bloom; in America, that of
R. canadensis and R. hispidus, species of
low blackberries. (b) The plant which bears
the fruit.
Feed him with apricots and dewberries.
Shak.
Dew"claw` (?), n. In any
animal, esp. of the Herbivora, a rudimentary claw or small hoof
not reaching the ground.
Some cut off the dewclaws [of greyhounds].
J. H. Walsh.
Dew"drop` (?), n. A drop of
dew.
Shak.
Dew"fall` (?), n. The falling
of dew; the time when dew begins to fall.
Dew"i*ness (?), n. State of
being dewy.
Dew"lap` (?), n.
[Dew + lap to lick.]
1. The pendulous skin under the neck of an ox,
which laps or licks the dew in grazing.
2. The flesh upon the human throat, especially when
with age. [Burlesque]
On her withered dewlap pour the ale.
Shak.
Dew"lapped` (?), a. Furnished
with a dewlap.
Dew"less, a. Having no dew.
Tennyson.
Dew"-point` (?), n.
(Meteor.) The temperature at which dew begins to
form. It varies with the humidity and temperature of the
atmosphere.
Dew"ret` (?), v. t.
[Dew + ret, v. t.] To ret
or rot by the process called dewretting.
Dew"ret`ting, n. Dewrotting; the process
of decomposing the gummy matter of flax and hemp and setting the
fibrous part, by exposure on a sward to dew, rain, and
sunshine.
Dew"rot` (?), v. t. To rot, as
flax or hemp, by exposure to rain, dew, and sun. See
Dewretting.
Dew"worm` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) See Earthworm.
Dew"y (?), a.
1. Pertaining to dew; resembling, consisting of, or
moist with, dew.
A dewy mist
Went and watered all the ground.
Milton.
When dewy eve her curtain draws.
Keble.
2. Falling gently and beneficently, like the
dew.
Dewy sleep ambrosial.
Cowper.
3. (Bot.) Resembling a dew-covered
surface; appearing as if covered with dew.
Dex"ter (?), a. [L.,; akin to
Gr. /, /, Skr. dakshi/a (cf. daksh to
be strong, suit); Goth. taihswa, OHG. zeso.
Cf. Dexterous.]
1. Pertaining to, or situated on, the right hand;
right, as opposed to sinister, or
left.
On sounding wings a dexter eagle flew.
Pope.
2. (Her.) On the right-hand side of a
shield, i. e., towards the right hand of
its wearer. To a spectator in front, as in a pictorial
representation, this would be the left side.
Dexter chief, Dexter
point (Her.), a point in the dexter
upper corner of the shield, being in the dexter extremity of the
chief, as A in the cut. -- Dexter base, a
point in the dexter lower part or base of the shield, as B in the
cut.
Dex*ter"i*cal (?), a.
Dexterous. [Obs.]
Dex*ter"i*ty (?), n. [L.
dexteritas, fr. dexter: cf. F.
dext\'82rit\'82. See Dexter.]
1. Right-handedness.
2. Readiness and grace in physical activity; skill
and ease in using the hands; expertness in manual acts; as,
dexterity with the chisel.
In youth quick bearing and dexterity.
Shak.
3. Readiness in the use or control of the mental
powers; quickness and skill in managing any complicated or
difficult affair; adroitness.
His wisdom . . . was turned . . . into a dexterity
to deliver himself.
Bacon.
He had conducted his own defense with singular boldness and
dexterity.
Hallam.
Syn. -- Adroitness; activity; nimbleness; expertness; skill;
cleverness; art; ability; address; tact; facility; aptness;
aptitude; faculty. See Skill.
Dex"ter*ous (?), a. [L.
dexter. See Dexter.] [Written
also dextrous.]
1. Ready and expert in the use of the body and
limbs; skillful and active with the hands; handy; ready; as,
a dexterous hand; a dexterous
workman.
2. Skillful in contrivance; quick at inventing
expedients; expert; as, a dexterous
manager.
Dexterous the craving, fawning crowd to quit.
Pope.
3. Done with dexterity; skillful; artful; as,
dexterous management.
\'bdDexterous sleights of hand.\'b8
Trench.
Syn. -- Adroit; active; expert; skillful; clever; able;
ready; apt; handy; versed.
Dex"ter*ous*ly (?), adv. In a
dexterous manner; skillfully.
Dex"ter*ous*ness, n. The quality of
being dexterous; dexterity.
Dex"trad (?), adv. [L.
dextra the right hand + ad to.]
(Anat.) Toward the right side; dextrally.
Dex"tral (?), a. [From
Dexter.] Right, as opposed to
sinistral, or left.
Dextral shell (Zo\'94l.), a spiral
shell the whorls of which turn from left right, or like the hands
of a watch when the apex of the spire is toward the eye of the
observer.
Dex*tral"i*ty (?), n. The state
of being on the right-hand side; also, the quality of being
right-handed; right-handedness.
Sir T. Browne.
Dex"tral*ly (?)(/), adv.
Towards the right; as, the hands of a watch rotate
dextrally.
Dex*trer" (?), n. A war horse;
a destrer. [Obs.] \'bdBy him baiteth his
dextrer.\'b8
Chaucer.
Dex"trin (?), n. [Cf. F.
dextrine, G. dextrin. See
Dexter.] (Chem.) A translucent,
gummy, amorphous substance, nearly tasteless and odorless, used
as a substitute for gum, for sizing, etc., and obtained from
starch by the action of heat, acids, or diastase. It is of
somewhat variable composition, containing several carbohydrates
which change easily to their respective varieties of sugar. It is
so named from its rotating the plane of polarization to the
right; -- called also British gum,
Alsace gum, gommelin,
leiocome, etc. See Achro\'94dextrin,
and Erythrodextrin.
Dex"tro- (?). A prefix, from L.
dexter, meaning, pertaining to, or toward, the
right; (Chem. & Opt.) having the
property of turning the plane of polarized light to the
right; as, dextrotartaric
acid.
Dex*trog"er*ous (?), a.
(Physics & Chem.) See
Dextrogyrate.
Dex`tro*glu"cose` (?), n.
[Dextro- + glucose.]
(Chem.) Same as Dextrose.
Dex`tro*gy"rate (?), a.
[Dextro- + gyrate.] (Chem.
& Opt.) Same as Dextrorotatory.
Dex*tron"ic (?), a.
(Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, dextrose;
as, dextronic acid.
Dextronic acid, a sirupy substance obtained by
the partial oxidation of various carbohydrates, as dextrose,
etc.
Dex`tro*ro"ta*ry (?), a.
(Physics & Chem.) See
Dextrotatory.
Dex`tro*ro"ta*to*ry (?), a.
[Dextro- + rotatory.]
(Chem. & Opt.) Turning, or causing to turn,
toward the right hand; esp., turning the plane of polarization of
luminous rays toward the right hand; as,
dextrorotatory crystals, sugars, etc. Cf.
Levorotatory.
{ Dex*tror"sal (?), Dex"trorse`
(?), } a. [L.
dextrorsum, contr. fr. dextrovorsum,
dextroversum, toward the right side; dexter
right + versus, vorsus, p. p. of
vertere, vortere, to turn.]
Turning from the left to the right, in the ascending line,
as in the spiral inclination of the stem of the common
morning-gl\'a2ry.
Dex"trose` (?), n. [See
Dexter.] (Chem.) A sirupy, or
white crystalline, variety of sugar, C6H12O6 (so
called from turning the plane of polarization to the right),
occurring in many ripe fruits. Dextrose and levulose are obtained
by the inversion of cane sugar or sucrose, and hence called
invert sugar. Dextrose is chiefly obtained by the
action of heat and acids on starch, and hence called also
starch sugar. It is also formed from starchy
food by the action of the amylolytic ferments of saliva and
pancreatic juice.<-- called also glucose. -->
grape sugar; the sirupy products as
glucose, or mixing sirup. These are
harmless, but are only about half as sweet as cane or
sucrose.
Dex"trous (?), a.,
Dex"trous*ly, adv., Dex"trous*ness,
n. Same as Dexterous,
Dexterously, etc.
Dey (?), n. [See
Dairy.] A servant who has charge of the
dairy; a dairymaid. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dey (?), n.; pl.
Deys (#). [Turk.
d\'bei, orig., a maternal uncle, then a friendly title
formerly given to middle-aged or old people, especially among the
Janizaries; and hence, in Algiers, consecrated at length to the
commanding officer of that corps, who frequently became afterward
pasha or regent of that province; hence the European misnomer of
dey, as applied to the latter: cf. F.
dey.] The governor of Algiers; -- so called
before the French conquest in 1830.
Deye (?), v. i. To die.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
{ Deyn"te, Deyn"tee (?) },
n. & a. See Dainty.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
De*zinc`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n.
The act or process of freeing from zinc; also, the condition
resulting from the removal of zinc.
De*zinc"i*fy (?), v. t. [Pref.
de- + zinc + -fy.] To deprive
of, or free from, zinc.
\'d8Dhole (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) A fierce, wild dog (Canis
Dukhunensis), found in the mountains of India. It is
remarkable for its propensity to hunt the tiger and other wild
animals in packs.
\'d8Dho"ny (?), n. A Ceylonese
boat. See Doni.
<-- p. 405 -->
\'d8Dhoor"ra, \'d8Dhour"ra, Dhur"ra (/), n. Indian
millet. See Durra.
\'d8Dhow (?), n. [Ar.
d\'beo?] A coasting vessel of Arabia, East
Africa, and the Indian Ocean. It has generally but one mast and a
lateen sail. [Also written dow.]
Di- (?). [Gr. / twice; akin to / two,
L. bis twice. See Two, and cf. Bi-,
Dia-. The L. pref. dis- sometimes assumes the
form di-. See Dis-.] A prefix,
signifying twofold, double,
twice; (Chem.) denoting
two atoms, radicals, groups, or equivalents, as the
case may be. See Bi-, 2.
{ Di"a- (?), Di- }.
[Gr. / through; orig., dividing into two parts; akin to
/ two. See Two, and cf. 1st Di-.]
A prefix denoting through; also,
between, apart, asunder,
across. Before a vowel dia- becomes
di-; as, diactinic; dielectric,
etc.
Di"a*base (?), n. [F.
diabase, fr. Gr. / a crossing or passing over, fr.
/; / + / to go; -- so called by Brongniart, because it
passes over to diorite.] (Min.) A basic,
dark-colored, holocrystalline, igneous rock, consisting
essentially of a triclinic feldspar and pyroxene with magnetic
iron; -- often limited to rocks pretertiary in age. It includes
part of what was early called greenstone.
Di*ab`a*te"ri*al (?), a. [Gr.
/ / (sc. /) offerings before crossing the border, fr. /
to pass over. See Diabase.] Passing over the
borders. [R.]
Mitford.
Di`a*be"tes (?), n. [NL., from
Gr. /, fr. / to pass or cross over. See
Diabase.] (Med.) A disease which
is attended with a persistent, excessive discharge of urine. Most
frequently the urine is not only increased in quantity, but
contains saccharine matter, in which case the disease is
generally fatal.
\'d8Diabetes mellitus [NL., sweet
diabetes], that form of diabetes in which the urine
contains saccharine matter. -- \'dhDiabetes
insipidus [NL., lit., diabetes], the form of
diabetes in which the urine contains no abnormal
constituent.
{ Di`a*bet"ic (?), Di`a*bet"ic*al
(?), } a. Pertaining to diabetes;
as, diabetic or diabetical
treatment.
Quian.
Diabetic sugar. (Chem.) Same as
Dextrose.
{ \'d8Dia`ble*rie" (?),
Di*ab"le*y (?), } n. [F.
diablerie, fr. diable devil, L.
diabolus. See Devil.] Devilry;
sorcery or incantation; a diabolical deed; mischief.
{ Di`a*bol"ic (?), Di`a*bol"ic*al
(?), } a. [L.
diabolicus, Gr. / devilish, slanderous: cf. F.
diabolique. See Devil.] Pertaining
to the devil; resembling, or appropriate, or appropriate to, the
devil; devilish; infernal; impious; atrocious; nefarious;
outrageously wicked; as, a diabolic or
diabolical temper or act.
\'bdDiabolic power.\'b8 Milton. \'bdThe
diabolical institution.\'b8 Motley. --
Di`a*bol"ic*al*ly, adv. --
Di`a*bol"ic*al*ness, n.
Di`a*bol"i*fy (?), v. t. [L.
diabolus devil + -fy.] To
ascribed diabolical qualities to; to change into, or to represent
as, a devil. [R.]
Farindon.
Di*ab"o*lism (?), n.
1. Character, action, or principles appropriate to
the devil.
2. Possession by the devil.
Bp. Warburton.
Di*ab"o*lize (?), v. t. To
render diabolical. [R.]
Di`a*ca*thol"i*con (?), n.
[Pref. dia- + catholicon.]
(Med.) A universal remedy; -- name formerly to a
purgative electuary.
Di`a*caus"tic (?), a. [Pref.
dia- + caustic.] (Opt.)
Pertaining to, or possessing the properties of, a species of
caustic curves formed by refraction. See Caustic
surface, under Caustic.
Di`a*caus"tic, n.
1. (Med.) That which burns by
refraction, as a double convex lens, or the sun's rays
concentrated by such a lens, sometimes used as a cautery.
2. (Math.) A curved formed by the
consecutive intersections of rays of light refracted through a
lens.
{ \'d8Di*ach"y*lon (?),
\'d8Di*ach"y*lum (?), } n.
[NL. diachylum, fr. Gr. / very juicy; /
thoroughly + / juice.] (Med. & Chem.) A
plaster originally composed of the juices of several plants
(whence its name), but now made of an oxide of lead and oil, and
consisting essentially of glycerin mixed with lead salts of the
fat acids.
Di*ac"id (?), a. [Pref.
di- + acid.] (Chem.)
Divalent; -- said of a base or radical as capable of
saturating two acid monad radicals or a dibasic acid. Cf.
Dibasic, a., and Biacid.
\'d8Di`a*co"di*um (?), n. [L.,
from Gr. / / from poppy heads; / through, from + / head,
a poppy head.] A sirup made of poppies.
Di*ac"o*nal (?), a. [LL.
diaconalis: cf. F. diaconal. Cf.
Deacon.] Of or pertaining to a deacon.
Di*ac"o*nate (?), n. [L.
diaconatus: cf. F. diaconat.]
The office of a deacon; deaconship; also, a body or board of
deacons.
Di*ac"o*nate, a. Governed by
deacons. \'bdDiaconate church.\'b8
T. Goodwin.
\'d8Di*ac"o*pe (?), n. [L., fr.
Gr. / a cutting in two; / through + /.]
(Gram.) Tmesis.
Di`a*cous"tic (?), a. [Pref.
di- + acoustic.] Pertaining to
the science or doctrine of refracted sounds.
Di`a*cous"tics (?), n. [Cf. F.
diacoustique.] That branch of natural
philosophy which treats of the properties of sound as affected by
passing through different mediums; -- called also
diaphonics. See the Note under
Acoustics.
{ Di`a*crit"ic (?),
Di`a*crit"ic*al (?), } a.
[Gr. /, fr. / to separate, distinguish; / through +
/ to separate. See Critic.] That separates
or distinguishes; -- applied to points or marks used to
distinguish letters of similar form, or different sounds of the
same letter, as, \'be,
\'bdDiacritical points.\'b8
Sir W. Jones.
A glance at this typography will reveal great difficulties,
which diacritical marks necessarily throw in the way
of both printer and writer.
A. J. Ellis.
Di`ac*tin"ic (?), a. [Pref.
di- + actinic.] (Physics)
Capable of transmitting the chemical or actinic rays of
light; as, diactinic media.
\'d8Di`a*del"phi*a (?), n.;
pl. [NL., fr. Gr. / = / twice + /
brother.] (Bot.) A Linn\'91an class of
plants whose stamens are united into two bodies or bundles by
their filaments.
{ Di`a*del"phi*an (?),
Di`a*del"phous (?), } a.
[Cf. F. diadelphe.] (Bot.)
Of or pertaining to the class Diadelphia; having the stamens
united into two bodies by their filaments (said of a plant or
flower); grouped into two bundles or sets by coalescence of the
filaments (said of stamens).
Di"a*dem (?), n. [F.
diad\'8ame, L. diadema, fr. Gr. /, fr.
/ to bind round; / through, across + / to bind; cf. Skr.
d\'be to bind.]
1. Originally, an ornamental head band or fillet,
worn by Eastern monarchs as a badge of royalty; hence (later),
also, a crown, in general. \'bdThe regal
diadem.\'b8
Milton.
2. Regal power; sovereignty; empire; -- considered
as symbolized by the crown.
3. (Her.) An arch rising from the rim of
a crown (rarely also of a coronet), and uniting with others over
its center.
Diadem lemur. (Zo\'94l.) See
Indri. -- Diadem spider
(Zo\'94l.), the garden spider.
Di"a*dem, v. t. To adorn with a diadem;
to crown.
Not so, when diadem'd with rays divine.
Pope.
To terminate the evil,
To diadem the right.
R. H. Neale.
Di"a*drom (?), n. [Gr. / a
running through; / through + /, used as inf. aor. of / to
run.] A complete course or vibration; time of
vibration, as of a pendulum. [Obs.]
Locke.
{ Di*\'91r"e*sis, Di*er"e*sis }
(?; 277), n.; pl. Di\'91reses
Diereses (#). [L.
diaeresis, Gr. /, fr. / to divide; / through,
asunder + / to take. See Heresy.]
1. (Gram.) The separation or resolution
of one syllable into two; -- the opposite of
syn\'91resis.
2. A mark consisting of two dots [as,
co\'94perate, a\'89rial.
Di`\'91*ret"ic (?), a. [Gr. /
dividing.] (Med.) Caustic.
[Obs.]
Di`a*ge`o*trop"ic (?), a. [Gr.
/ through, at variance + / earth + / turning.]
(Bot.) Relating to, or exhibiting,
diageotropism.
Di`a*ge*ot"ro*pism (?), n.
(Bot.) The tendency of organs (as roots) of
plants to assume a position oblique or transverse to a direction
towards the center of the earth.
Di"a*glyph (?), n. [Gr. / to
engrave; / through + / to carve.] An
intaglio.
Mollett.
{ Di`a*glyph"ic (?),
Di`a*glyph"tic (?), } a.
Represented or formed by depressions in the general surface;
as, diaglyphic sculpture or engraving; --
opposed to anaglyphic.
Di`ag*nose" (?), v. t. & i. To
ascertain by diagnosis; to diagnosticate. See
Diagnosticate.
Di`ag*no"sis (?), n.; pl.
Diagnoses (#). [NL., fr. Gr. /,
fr. / to distinguish; / through, asunder + / to know. See
Know.]
1. (Med.) The art or act of recognizing
the presence of disease from its signs or symptoms, and deciding
as to its character; also, the decision arrived at.
2. Scientific determination of any kind; the
concise description of characterization of a species.
3. Critical perception or scrutiny; judgment based
on such scrutiny; esp., perception pf, or judgment concerning,
motives and character.
The quick eye for effects, the clear diagnosis of
men's minds, and the love of epigram.
Compton Reade.
My diagnosis of his character proved correct.
J. Payn.
Differential diagnosis (Med.), the
determination of the distinguishing characteristics as between
two similar diseases or conditions.
Di`ag*nos"tic (?), a. [Gr. /
able to distinguish, fr. /: cf. F.
diagnostique.] Pertaining to, or
furnishing, a diagnosis; indicating the nature of a
disease.
Di`ag*nos"tic, n. The mark or symptom by
which one disease is known or distinguished from others.
Di`ag*nos"ti*cate (?), v. t. & i.
[From Diagnostic.] To make a diagnosis
of; to recognize by its symptoms, as a disease.
Di`ag*nos"tics (?), n. That
part of medicine which has to do with ascertaining the nature of
diseases by means of their symptoms or signs.
His rare skill in diagnostics.
Macaulay.
Di`a*gom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. /
to transmit + -meter.] A sort of
electroscope, invented by Rousseau, in which the dry pile is
employed to measure the amount of electricity transmitted by
different bodies, or to determine their conducting power.
Nichol.
Di*ag"o*nal (?), a. [L.
diagonalis, fr. Gr. / from to angle; / through +
/ an angle; perh. akin to E. knee: cf. F.
diagonal.] (Geom.) Joining two
not adjacent angles of a quadrilateral or multilateral figure;
running across from corner to corner; crossing at an angle with
one of the sides.
Diagonal bond (Masonry),
herringbone work. See Herringbone,
a. -- Diagonal built
(Shipbuilding), built by forming the outer skin of
two layers of planking, making angles of about 45 -- Diagonal
cleavage. See under Cleavage. --
Diagonal molding (Arch.), a chevron or
zigzag molding. -- Diagonal rib.
(Arch.) See Cross-springer. --
Diagonal scale, a scale which consists of a set of
parallel lines, with other lines crossing them obliquely, so that
their intersections furnish smaller subdivisions of the unit of
measure than could be conveniently marked on a plain scale.
-- Diagonal stratification. (Geol.)
Same as Cross bedding, under Cross,
a.
Di*ag"o*nal (?), n.
1. A right line drawn from one angle to another not
adjacent, of a figure of four or more sides, and dividing it into
two parts.
2. (Engin.) A member, in a framed
structure, running obliquely across a panel.
3. A diagonal cloth; a kind of cloth having
diagonal stripes, ridges, or welts made in the weaving.
Di*ag"o*nal*ly, adv. In a diagonal
direction.
Di`a*go"ni*al (?), a. Diagonal;
diametrical; hence; diametrically opposed.
[Obs.]
Sin can have no tenure by law at all, but is rather an eternal
outlaw, and in hostility with law past all atonement; both
diagonal contraries, as much allowing one another as
day and night together in one hemisphere.
Milton.
Di"a*gram (?), n. [Gr. /, fr.
/ to mark out by lines; / through + / to draw, write: cf.
F. diagramme. See Graphic.]
1. (Geom.) A figure or drawing made to
illustrate a statement, or facilitate a demonstration; a
plan.
2. Any simple drawing made for mathematical or
scientific purposes, or to assist a verbal explanation which
refers to it; a mechanical drawing, as distinguished from an
artistical one.
Indicator diagram. (Steam Engine)
See Indicator card, under
indicator
Di"a*gram, v. t. To put into the form of
a diagram.
Di`a*gram*mat"ic (?), a.
Pertaining to, or of the nature of, a diagram; showing by
diagram. -- Di`a*gram*mat"ic*ly
(#), adv.
Di"a*graph (?), n. [Gr. / to
draw: cf. F. diagraphe. See Diagram.]
A drawing instrument, combining a protractor and
scale.
{ Di`a*graph"ic (?),
Di`a*graph"ic*al (?), } a.
[Cf. F. diagraphique.]
Descriptive.
Di`a*graph"ics (?), n. The art
or science of descriptive drawing; especially, the art or science
of drawing by mechanical appliances and mathematical rule.
Di`a*he`li*o*trop"ic (?), a.
[Gr. / through, at variance + / sun + /
turning.] (Bot.) Relating or, or
manifesting, diaheliotropism.
Di`a*he`li*ot"ro*pism (?), n.
(Bot.) A tendency of leaves or other organs of
plants to have their dorsal surface faced towards the rays of
light.
Di"al (?), n. [LL.
dialis daily, fr. L. dies day. See
Deity.]
1. An instrument, formerly much used for showing
the time of day from the shadow of a style or gnomon on a
graduated arc or surface; esp., a sundial; but there are lunar
and astral dials. The style or gnomon is usually
parallel to the earth's axis, but the dial plate may be either
horizontal or vertical.
2. The graduated face of a timepiece, on which the
time of day is shown by pointers or hands.
3. A miner's compass.
Dial bird (Zo\'94l.), an Indian
bird (Copsychus saularius), allied to the European
robin. The name is also given to other related species. --
Dial lock, a lock provided with one or more plates
having numbers or letters upon them. These plates must be
adjusted in a certain determined way before the lock can be
operated. -- Dial plate, the plane or disk of
a dial or timepiece on which lines and figures for indicating the
time are placed.
Di"al, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dialed (?) or Dialled;
p. pr. & vb. n. Dialing or
Dialling.]
1. To measure with a dial.
Hours of that true time which is dialed in
heaven.
Talfourd.
2. (Mining) To survey with a dial.
Raymond.
Di"a*lect (?), n. [F.
dialecte, L. dialectus, fr. Gr. /, fr.
/ to converse, discourse. See Dialogue.]
1. Means or mode of expressing thoughts; language;
tongue; form of speech.
This book is writ in such a dialect
As may the minds of listless men affect.
Bunyan.
The universal dialect of the world.
South.
2. The form of speech of a limited region or
people, as distinguished from ether forms nearly related to it; a
variety or subdivision of a language; speech characterized by
local peculiarities or specific circumstances; as, the Ionic
and Attic were dialects of Greece; the Yorkshire
dialect; the dialect of the learned.
In the midst of this Babel of dialects there
suddenly appeared a standard English language.
Earle.
[Charles V.] could address his subjects from every quarter in
their native dialect.
Prescott.
Syn. -- Language; idiom; tongue; speech; phraseology. See
Language, and Idiom.
Di`a*lec"tal (?), a. Relating
to a dialect; dialectical; as, a dialectical
variant.
Di`a*lec"tic (?), n. Same as
Dialectics.
Plato placed his dialectic above all sciences.
Liddell & Scott.
{ Di`a*lec"tic (?),
Di`a*lec"tic*al (?), } a.
[L. dialecticus, Gr. /: cf. F.
dialectique. See Dialect.]
1. Pertaining to dialectics; logical;
argumental.
2. Pertaining to a dialect or to dialects.
Earle.
<-- p. 406 -->
Di`a*lec"tic*al*ly (?), adv. In
a dialectical manner.
Di`a*lec*ti"cian (?), n. [Cf.
F. dialecticien.] One versed in dialectics;
a logician; a reasoner.
Di`a*lec"tics (?), n. [L.
dialectica (sc. ars), Gr. / (sc. /):
cf. F. dialectique.] That branch of logic
which teaches the rules and modes of reasoning; the application
of logical principles to discursive reasoning; the science or art
of discriminating truth from error; logical discussion.
Dialectics was defined by Aristotle to be
the method of arguing with probability on any given problem, and
of defending a tenet without inconsistency. By Plato, it was used
in the following senses: 1. Discussion by dialogue as a
method of scientific investigation. 2. The method of
investigating the truth by analysis. 3. The science of
ideas or of the nature and laws of being -- higher metaphysics.
By Kant, it was employed to signify the logic of appearances or
illusions, whether these arise from accident or error, or from
those necessary limitations which, according to this philosopher,
originate in the constitution of the human intellect.
Di`a*lec*tol"o*gy (?), n.
[Dialect + -logy.] That
branch of philology which is devoted to the consideration of
dialects.
Beck.
Di`a*lec"tor (?), n. One
skilled in dialectics.
Di"al*ing (?), n.
1. The art of constructing dials; the science which
treats of measuring time by dials. [Written also
dialling.]
2. A method of surveying, especially in mines, in
which the bearings of the courses, or the angles which they make
with each other, are determined by means of the
circumferentor.
Di"al*ist, n. A maker of dials; one
skilled in dialing.
\'d8Di*al"la*ge (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / interchange, change, fr. / to interchange.]
(Rhet.) A figure by which arguments are placed in
various points of view, and then turned to one point.
Smart.
Di"al*lage (?; 277), n. [Gr.
/ change, alluding to the change and inequality of luster
between the natural joints of the mineral.]
(Min.) A dark green or bronze-colored laminated
variety of pyroxene, common in certain igneous rocks.
Di"al*lel (?), a. [Gr. /
crossing.] Meeting and intersecting, as lines; not
parallel; -- opposed to parallel.
[Obs.]
Ash.
Di*al"lyl (?), n. (Chem.)
A volatile, pungent, liquid hydrocarbon,
C6H10, consisting of two allyl radicals, and
belonging to the acetylene series.
Di`a*log"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. /
belonging to discourse.] Relating to a dialogue;
dialogistical.
Burton.
Di`a*log"ic*al*ly, adv. In the manner or
nature of a dialogue.
Goldsmith.
Di*al"o*gism (?), n. [Gr. /,
fr. /: cf. F. dialogisme. See
Dialogue.] An imaginary speech or discussion
between two or more; dialogue.
Fulke.
Di*al"o*gist (?), n. [L.
dialogista: cf. F. dialogiste.]
1. A speaker in a dialogue.
2. A writer of dialogues.
P. Skelton.
{ Di*al`o*gis"tic (?),
Di*al`o*gis"tic*al (?), } a.
[Gr. /.] Pertaining to a dialogue; having the
form or nature of a dialogue. --
Di*al`o*gis"tic*al*ly,
adv.
Di*al"o*gite (?), n. [From Gr.
/ an arguing.] (Min.) Native carbonate of
manganese; rhodochrosite.
Di*al"o*gize (?), v. t. [Gr.
/: cf. F. dialogiser.] To discourse in
dialogue.
Fotherby.
Di"a*logue (?; 115), n. [OE.
dialogue, L. dialogus, fr. Gr. /, fr. /
to converse, / through + / to speak: cf. F.
dialogue. See Legend.]
1. A conversation between two or more persons;
particularly, a formal conservation in theatrical performances or
in scholastic exercises.
2. A written composition in which two or more
persons are represented as conversing or reasoning on some topic;
as, the Dialogues of Plato.
Di"a*logue, v. i. [Cf. F.
dialoguer.] To take part in a dialogue; to
dialogize. [R.]
Shak.
Di"a*logue, v. t. To express as in
dialogue. [R.]
And dialogued for him what he would say.
Shak.
Di`al*y*pet"al*ous (?), a. [Gr.
/ through, asunder + / to loose + / leaf.]
(Bot.) Having separate petals;
polypetalous.
\'d8Di*al"y*sis (?), n.; pl.
Dialyses (#). [L., separation, fr.
Gr. /, fr. / to part asunder, dissolve; / through + / to
loose.]
1. (Gram.) Di\'91resis. See
Di\'91resis, 1.
2. (Rhet.) Same as
Asyndeton.
3. (Med.) (a) Debility.
(b) A solution of continuity; division; separation
of parts.
4. (Chem.) The separation of different
substances in solution, as crystalloids and colloids, by means of
their unequal diffusion, especially through natural or artificial
membranes.
Di`a*lyt"ic (?), a. [Gr. /,
fr. /. See Dialysis.] Having the quality of
unloosing or separating.
Clarke.
Dialytic telescope, an achromatic telescope in
which the colored dispersion produced by a single object lens of
crown glass is corrected by a smaller concave lens, or
combination of lenses, of high dispersive power, placed at a
distance in the narrower part of the converging cone of rays,
usually near the middle of the tube.
Di*al"y*zate (?), n.
(Chem.) The material subjected to dialysis.
Di`a*ly*za"tion (?), n.
(Chem.) The act or process of dialysis.
Di"a*lyze (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dialyzed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dialyzing.] (Chem.) To
separate, prepare, or obtain, by dialysis or osmose; to pass
through an animal membrane; to subject to dialysis.
[Written also dialyse.]
Di"a*lyzed (?), a. Prepared by
diffusion through an animal membrane; as, dialyzed
iron.
Di"a*ly`zer (?), n. The
instrument or medium used to effect chemical dialysis.
Di`a*mag"net (?), n. [Pref.
dia- + magnet.] A body having
diamagnetic polarity.
Di`a*mag*net"ic (?), a.
Pertaining to, or exhibiting the phenomena of, diamagnetism;
taking, or being of a nature to take, a position at right angles
to the lines of magnetic force. See Paramagnetic.
Diamagnetic attraction. See under
Attraction.
Di`a*mag*net"ic, n. Any substance, as
bismuth, glass, phosphorous, etc., which in a field of magnetic
force is differently affected from the ordinary magnetic bodies,
as iron; that is, which tends to take a position at right angles
to the lines of magnetic force, and is repelled by either pole of
the magnet.
Di`a*mag*net"ic*al*ly (?), adv.
In the manner of, or according to, diamagnetism.
Di`a*mag"net*ism (?), n.
1. The science which treats of diamagnetic
phenomena, and of the properties of diamagnetic bodies.
2. That form or condition of magnetic action which
characterizes diamagnetics.
Di`a*man*tif"er*ous (?), a. [F.
diamant diamond + -ferous.]
Yielding diamonds.
Di`a*man"tine (?), a.
Adamantine. [Obs.]
Di*am"e*ter (?), n. [F.
diam\'8atre, L. diametros, fr. Gr. /; /
through + / measure. See Meter.]
1. (Geom.) (a) Any right line
passing through the center of a figure or body, as a circle,
conic section, sphere, cube, etc., and terminated by the opposite
boundaries; a straight line which bisects a system of parallel
chords drawn in a curve. (b) A diametral
plane.
2. The length of a straight line through the center
of an object from side to side; width; thickness; as, the
diameter of a tree or rock.
3. (Arch.) The distance through the
lower part of the shaft of a column, used as a standard measure
for all parts of the order. See Module.
Conjugate diameters. See under
Conjugate.
Di*am"e*tral (?), a. [Gr. F.
diam\'82tral.] Pertaining to a diameter;
diametrical.
Diametral curve, Diametral
surface (Geom.), any line or surface
which bisects a system of parallel chords drawn in a curve or
surface. -- Diametral planes
(Crystal.), planes in which two of the axes
lie.
Di*am"e*tral, n. A diameter.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Di*am"e*tral*ly, adv.
Diametrically.
{ Di*am"e*tric (?),
Di*am"e*tric*al (?), } a.
1. Of or pertaining to a diameter.
2. As remote as possible, as if at the opposite end
of a diameter; directly adverse.
Di*am"e*tric*al*ly, adv. In a
diametrical manner; directly; as, diametrically
opposite.
Whose principles were diametrically opposed to
his.
Macaulay.
Di*am"ide (?; 104), n. [Pref.
di- + amide.] (Chem.)
Any compound containing two amido groups united with one or
more acid or negative radicals, -- as distinguished from a
diamine. Cf. Amido acid, under Amido, and
Acid amide, under Amide.
Di*am"i*do- (/), a.
(Chem.) A prefix or combining form of
Diamine. [Also used adjectively.]
Di*am"ine (?; 104), n. [Pref.
di- + amine.] (Chem.)
A compound containing two amido groups united with one or
more basic or positive radicals, -- as contrasted with a
diamide.
amido, diamido, etc.,
thus ethylene diamine, C2H4.(NH2)2,
is also called diamido-ethylene.
Di"a*mond (?; 277), n. [OE.
diamaund, diamaunt, F. diamant,
corrupted, fr. L. adamas, the hardest iron, steel,
diamond, Gr. /. Perh. the corruption is due to the influence of
Gr. / transparent. See Adamant, Tame.]
1. A precious stone or gem excelling in brilliancy
and beautiful play of prismatic colors, and remarkable for
extreme hardness.
rough diamond) is cut, for use in jewelry, into
various forms with many reflecting faces, or facets, by which its
brilliancy is much increased. See Brilliant,
Rose. Diamonds are said to be of the first
water when very transparent, and of the second
or third water as the transparency decreases.
2. A geometrical figure, consisting of four equal
straight lines, and having two of the interior angles acute and
two obtuse; a rhombus; a lozenge.
3. One of a suit of playing cards, stamped with the
figure of a diamond.
4. (Arch.) A pointed projection, like a
four-sided pyramid, used for ornament in lines or groups.
5. (Baseball) The infield; the square
space, 90 feet on a side, having the bases at its angles.
6. (Print.) The smallest kind of type in
English printing, except that called brilliant, which
is seldom seen.
\'b5 This line is printed in the type called
Diamond.
Black diamond, coal; (Min.) See
Carbonado. -- Bristol diamond. See
Bristol stone, under Bristol. --
Diamond beetle (Zo\'94l.), a large
South American weevil (Entimus imperialis), remarkable
for its splendid luster and colors, due to minute brilliant
scales. -- Diamond bird (Zo\'94l.),
a small Australian bird (Pardalotus punctatus,
family Ampelid\'91.). It is black, with white
spots. -- Diamond drill (Engin.),
a rod or tube the end of which is set with black diamonds; --
used for perforating hard substances, esp. for boring in
rock. -- Diamond finch (Zo\'94l.),
a small Australian sparrow, often kept in a cage. Its sides
are black, with conspicuous white spots, and the rump is bright
carmine. -- Diamond groove (Iron
Working), a groove of V-section in a roll. --
Diamond mortar (Chem.), a small steel
mortar used for pulverizing hard substances. --
Diamond-point tool, a cutting tool whose point is
diamond-shaped. -- Diamond snake
(Zo\'94l.), a harmless snake of Australia
(Morelia spilotes); the carpet snake. --
Glazier's diamond, a small diamond set in a
glazier's tool, for cutting glass.
Di"a*mond (?; 277), a.
Resembling a diamond; made of, or abounding in, diamonds;
as, a diamond chain; a diamond
field.
Di"a*mond-back` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) The salt-marsh terrapin of the
Atlantic coast (Malacoclemmys palustris).
Di"a*mond*ed, a.
1. Having figures like a diamond or lozenge.
2. Adorned with diamonds; diamondized.
Emerson.
Di"a*mond*ize (?), v. t. To set
with diamonds; to adorn; to enrich. [R.]
Diamondizing of your subject.
B. Jonson.
Di"a*mond-shaped` (?), a.
Shaped like a diamond or rhombus.
Di*am"y*lene (?), n. [Pref.
di- + amylene.] (Chem.)
A liquid hydrocarbon, C10H20, of the
ethylene series, regarded as a polymeric form of amylene.
Di"an (?), a, Diana.
[Poetic]
Di*a"na (?), n. [L.
Diana.] (Myth.) The daughter of
Jupiter and Latona; a virgin goddess who presided over hunting,
chastity, and marriage; -- identified with the Greek goddess
Artemis.
And chaste Diana haunts the forest shade.
Pope.
Diana monkey (Zo\'94l.), a
handsome, white-bearded monkey of West Africa (Cercopithecus
Diana).
\'d8Di*an"dri*a (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / = / twice + /, /, a man, a
male.] (Bot.) A Linn\'91an class of plants
having two stamens.
Di*an"dri*an (?), a.
Diandrous.
Di*an"drous (?), n. [Cf. F.
diandre.] (Bot.) Of or
pertaining to the class Diandria; having two stamens.
\'d8Di*a"ni*um (?), n. [NL.,
fr. L. Diana; either as the name of the Roman goddess,
or from its use in OE. as a name of silver.]
(Chem.) Same as Columbium.
[Obs.]
Di`a*no*et"ic (?), a. [Gr. /;
/ through + / to revolve in the mind.]
(Metaph.) Pertaining to the discursive faculty,
its acts or products.
I would employ . . . dianoetic to denote the
operation of the discursive, elaborative, or comparative
faculty.
Sir W. Hamilton.
Di`a*noi*al"o*gy (?), n. [Gr.
/ thought + -logy.] The science of the
dianoetic faculties, and their operations.
Sir W. Hamilton.
Di*an"thus (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. /, gen. /, Zeus + / flower.] (Bot.)
A genus of plants containing some of the most popular of
cultivated flowers, including the pink, carnation, and Sweet
William.
Di"a*pase (?), n. Same as
Diapason. [Obs.]
A tuneful diapase of pleasures.
Spenser.
Di"a*pasm (?), n. [L.
diapasma, Gr. /, fr. /; / through + / to
sprinkle: cf. F. diapasme.] Powdered
aromatic herbs, sometimes made into little balls and strung
together. [Obs.]
Di`a*pa"son (?), n. [L., fr.
Gr. / (i. e., / / / the concord of
the first and last notes, the octave); / through + /, gen.
pl. of / all: cf. F. diapason. Cf.
Panacea.]
1. (Gr. Mus.) The octave, or interval
which includes all the tones of the diatonic scale.
2. Concord, as of notes an octave apart;
harmony.
The fair music that all creatures made . . .
In perfect diapason.
Milton.
3. The entire compass of tones.
Through all the compass of the notes it ran,
The diapason closing full in man.
Dryden.
4. A standard of pitch; a tuning fork; as, the
French normal diapason.
5. One of certain stops in the organ, so called
because they extend through the scale of the instrument. They are
of several kinds, as open diapason, stopped
diapason, double diapason, and the like.
\'d8Di`a*pe*de"sis (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / a leaping or oozing through, fr. / to
leap through; / through + / to leap.] (Med.)
The passage of the corpuscular elements of the blood from
the blood vessels into the surrounding tissues, without rupture
of the walls of the blood vessels.
\'d8Di`a*pen"te (?), n. [L.,
fr. Gr. / a fifth; / through + / five: cf. F.
diapente.]
1. (Anc. Mus.) The interval of the
fifth.
2. (Med.) A composition of five
ingredients.
Di"a*per (?), n. [OF.
diaspre, diapre, diaspe, sort of
figured cloth, It. diaspro jasper, diaspo
figured cloth, from L.jaspis a green-colored precious
stone. See Jasper.]
1. Any textile fabric (esp. linen or cotton
toweling) woven in diaper pattern. See 2.
2. (Fine Arts) Surface decoration of any
sort which consists of the constant repetition of one or more
simple figures or units of design evenly spaced.
<-- p. 407 -->
3. A towel or napkin for wiping the hands,
etc.
Let one attend him with a silver basin, . . .
Another bear the ewer, the third a diaper.
Shak.
4. An infant's breechcloth.
Di"a*per (?), v. t.
1. To ornament with figures, etc., arranged in the
pattern called diaper, as cloth in weaving.
\'bdDiapered light.\'b8
H. Van Laun.
Engarlanded and diapered
With in wrought flowers.
Tennyson.
2. To put a diaper on (a child).
Di"a*per, v. i. To draw flowers or
figures, as upon cloth. \'bdIf you diaper on
folds.\'b8
Peacham.
Di"a*per*ing, n. Same as
Diaper, n., 2.
Di"a*phane (?), n. [Cf. F.
diaphane diaphanous. See Diaphanous.]
A woven silk stuff with transparent and colored figures;
diaper work.
Di"a*phaned (?), a. [Cf. OF.
diaphaner to make transparent. See
Diaphanous.] Transparent or
translucent. [R.]
Di`a*pha*ne"i*ty (?), n. [Cf.
F. diaphan\'82it\'82. See Diaphanous.]
The quality of being diaphanous; transparency;
pellucidness.
Di`a*phan"ic (?), a. [See
Diaphanous.] Having power to transmit light;
transparent; diaphanous.
Di*aph"a*nie (?), n. The art of
imitating //ined glass with translucent paper.
Di`a*pha*nom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr.
/ transparent + -meter.] An instrument
for measuring the transparency of the air.
Di`a*phan"o*scope (?), n. [Gr.
/ transparent + -scope.] (Photog.)
A dark box constructed for viewing transparent pictures,
with or without a lens.
Di`a*phan"o*type (?), n. [Gr.
/ transparent + -type.] (Photog.)
A colored photograph produced by superimposing a translucent
colored positive over a strong uncolored one.
Di*aph"a*nous (?), a. [Gr. /,
fr. / to show or shine through; / through + / to show, and
in the passive, to shine: cf. F. diaphane. See
Phantom, and cf. Diaphane,
Diaphanic.] Allowing light to pass through,
as porcelain; translucent or transparent; pellucid; clear.
Another cloud in the region of them, light enough to be
fantastic and diaphanous.
Landor.
Di*aph"a*nous*ly, adv.
Translucently.
Di*aph`e*met"ric (?), a. [Gr.
/ through + / touch + / measure.]
(Physiol.) Relating to the measurement of the
tactile sensibility of parts; as, diaphemetric
compasses.
Dunglison.
{ Di`a*phon"ic (?),
Di`a*phon"ic*al (?) }, a.
[Gr. / through + / sound, tone.]
Diacoustic.
Di`a*phon"ics (?), n. The
doctrine of refracted sound; diacoustics.
\'d8Di`a*pho*re"sis (?), n.
[L., fr. Gr. /, fr. / to carry through, to throw off by
perspiration; / through + / to carry.]
(Med.) Perspiration, or an increase of
perspiration.
{ Di`a*pho*ret"ic (?),
Di`a*pho*ret"ic*al (?), } a.
[L. diaphoreticus, Gr. /: cf. F.
diaphor\'82tique. See Diaphoresis.]
Having the power to increase perspiration.
Di`a*pho*ret"ic, n. (Med.) A
medicine or agent which promotes perspiration.
Diaphoretics differ from
sudorifics; the former only increase the insensible
perspiration, the latter excite the sensible discharge called
sweat.
Parr.
Di"a*phote (?), n. [Pref.
dia- + Gr. /, light.] (Elec.)
An instrument designed for transmitting pictures by
telegraph.
Fallows.
Di"a*phragm (?), n. [L.
diaphragma, Gr. /, fr. / to fence by a partition
wall; / through + /, /, to fence, inclose; prob. akin to L.
fareire to stuff: cf. F. diaphragme. See
Farce.]
1. A dividing membrane or thin partition, commonly
with an opening through it.
2. (Anat.) The muscular and tendinous
partition separating the cavity of the chest from that of the
abdomen; the midriff.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A calcareous plate which
divides the cavity of certain shells into two parts.
4. (Opt.) A plate with an opening, which
is generally circular, used in instruments to cut off marginal
portions of a beam of light, as at the focus of a
telescope.
5. (Mach.) A partition in any
compartment, for various purposes.
Diaphragm pump, one in which a flexible
diaphragm takes the place of a piston.
Di`a*phrag*mat"ic (?), a. [Cf.
F. diaphragmatique.] Pertaining to a
diaphragm; as, diaphragmatic respiration; the
diaphragmatic arteries and nerves.
Di*aph"y*sis (?), n. [Gr. / a
growing through; / through + / to bring forth.]
1. (Bot.) An abnormal prolongation of
the axis of inflorescence.
2. (Anat.) The shaft, or main part, of a
bone, which is first ossified.
Di`ap*no"ic (?), a. [Gr. /
outlet for the wind, exhalation, fr. / to blow through; /
through + / to blow, breathe: cf. F.
diapno\'8bque.] (Med.) Slightly
increasing an insensible perspiration; mildly diaphoretic.
-- n. A gentle diaphoretic.
Di*ap`o*phys"ic*al (?), a.
(Anat.) Pertaining to a diapophysis.
\'d8Di`a*poph"y*sis (?), n.
[NL. See Dia-, and Apophysis.]
(Anat.) The dorsal transverse, or tubercular,
process of a vertebra. See Vertebra.
Di"arch*y (?), n. [Gr. / =
/ twice + / to rule.] A form of government in
which the supreme power is vested in two persons.
{ Di*a"ri*al (?), Di*a"ri*an
(?), } a. [See
Diary.] Pertaining to a diary; daily.
Di"a*rist (?), n. One who keeps
a diary.
{ Di`ar*rhe"a, Di`ar*rh\'91"a },
n. [L. diarrhoea, Gr. /, fr. / to
flow through; / + / to flow; akin to E. stream.
See Stream.] (Med.) A morbidly
frequent and profuse discharge of loose or fluid evacuations from
the intestines, without tenesmus; a purging or looseness of the
bowels; a flux.
{ Di`ar*rhe"al, Di`ar*rh/"al }
a. (Med.) Of or pertaining to
diarrhea; like diarrhea.
{ Di`ar*rhet"ic, Di`ar*rh\'91t"ic }
(?), a. (Med.) Producing
diarrhea, or a purging.
Di`ar*thro"di*al (?), a.
(Anat.) Relating to diarthrosis, or movable
articulations.
\'d8Di`ar*thro"sis (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. /, fr. / to joint, articulate; /
through, asunder + / to fasten by a joint, / joint.]
(Anat.) A form of articulation which admits of
considerable motion; a complete joint; abarticulation. See
Articulation.
Di"a*ry (?), n.; pl.
Diaries (#). [L.
diarium, fr. dies day. See
Deity.] A register of daily events or
transactions; a daily record; a journal; a blank book dated for
the record of daily memoranda; as, a diary of the
weather; a physician's diary.
Di"a*ry, a. lasting for one day; as,
a diary fever. [Obs.]
\'bdDiary ague.\'b8
Bacon.
Di"a*spore (?), n. [From Gr.
/ a scattering; / through, asunder + / to sow, scatter like
seed: cf. F. diaspore.] (Min.) A
hydrate of alumina, often occurring in white lamellar masses with
brilliant pearly luster; -- so named on account of its
decrepitating when heated before the blowpipe.
Di"a*stase (?), n. [Gr. /
separation, fr. /, / to stand apart; / through + /, /,
to stand, set: cf. F. diastase. Cf.
Diastasis.] (Physiol. Chem.) A
soluble, nitrogenous ferment, capable of converting starch and
dextrin into sugar.
Di`a*sta"sic (?), a. Pertaining
to, or consisting of, diastase; as, diastasic
ferment.
\'d8Di*as"ta*sis (?), n. [NL.
See Diastase.] (Surg.) A forcible
of bones without fracture.
Di`a*stat"ic (?), a. [Gr. /
separative. See Diastase.] (Physiol.
Chem.) Relating to diastase; having the properties of
diastase; effecting the conversion of starch into sugar.
The influence of acids and alkalies on the
diastatic action of saliva.
Lauder Brunton.
Di"a*stem (?), n. [L.
diastema, Gr. /, fr. /: cf. F.
diast\'8ame.] (a) Intervening
space; interval. (b) (Anc. Mus.)
An interval.
\'d8Di`a*ste"ma (?), n. [L. See
Diastem.] (Anat.) A vacant space,
or gap, esp. between teeth in a jaw.
Di*as"ter (?), n. [Gr. /- =
/ twice + / star.] (Biol.) A double
star; -- applied to the nucleus of a cell, when, during cell
division, the loops of the nuclear network separate into two
groups, preparatory to the formation of two daughter nuclei. See
Karyokinesis.
\'d8Di*as"to*le (?), n. [L.,
fr. Gr. /, fr. / to put asunder, to separate; / through +
/ to set, to place.]
1. (Physiol.) The rhythmical expansion
or dilatation of the heart and arteries; -- correlative to
systole, or contraction.
2. (Gram.) A figure by which a syllable
naturally short is made long.
Di`as*tol"ic (?), a.
(Physiol.) Of or pertaining to diastole.
Di"a*style (?), n. [L.
diastylus, Gr. /; / through, asunder + / pillar,
column: cf. F. diastyle.] (Arch.)
See under Intercolumniation.
\'d8Di`a*tes"sa*ron (?), n.
[L., fr. Gr. / (sc. /); / through + /, gen. of /
four (sc. /.).]
1. (Anc. Mus.) The interval of a
fourth.
2. (Theol.) A continuous narrative
arranged from the first four books of the New Testament.
3. An electuary compounded of four medicines.
Di`a*ther"mal (?), a. [Gr. /
thoroughly warm; / through + / warm, hot. Cf.
Diathermous.] Freely permeable by radiant
heat.
{ Di`a*ther"man*cy (?),
Di`a*ther`ma*ne"i*ty (?), } n.
[See Diathermanous.] The property of
transmitting radiant heat; the quality of being
diathermous.
Melloni.
Di`a*ther"ma*nism (?), n. The
doctrine or the phenomena of the transmission of radiant
heat.
Nichol.
Di`a*ther"ma*nous (?), a. [Gr.
/ to warm through; / through + / to warm, / warm.]
Having the property of transmitting radiant heat;
diathermal; -- opposed to athermanous.
Di`a*ther"mic (?), a. Affording
a free passage to heat; as, diathermic
substances.
Melloni.
Di`a*ther*mom"e*ter (?), n.
[Gr. / warm + -meter. See
Diathermal.] (Physics) An
instrument for examining the thermal resistance or
heat-conducting power of liquids.
Di`a*ther"mous (?), a. Same as
Diathermal.
\'d8Di*ath"e*sis (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. /, fr. / to place separately, arrange; / through,
asunder + / to place, put.] (Med.) Bodily
condition or constitution, esp. a morbid habit which predisposes
to a particular disease, or class of diseases.
Di`a*thet"ic (?), a. Pertaining
to, or dependent on, a diathesis or special constitution of the
body; as, diathetic disease.
Di"a*tom (?), n. [Gr. / cut
in two. See Diatomous.]
1. (Bot.) One of the
Diatomace\'91, a family of minute unicellular Alg\'91
having a siliceous covering of great delicacy, each individual
multiplying by spontaneous division. By some authors diatoms are
called Bacillari\'91, but this word is not in general
use.
2. A particle or atom endowed with the vital
principle.
The individual is nothing. He is no more than the
diatom, the bit of protoplasm.
Mrs. E. Lynn Linton.
Di`a*tom"ic (?), a. [Pref.
di- + atomic.] (Chem.)
(a) Containing two atoms. (b)
Having two replaceable atoms or radicals.
Di*at"o*mous (?), a. [Gr. /
cut through, fr. / to cut through; / through + / to cut.
Cf. Diatom.] (Min.) Having a
single, distinct, diagonal cleavage; -- said of crystals.
Mohs.
Di`a*ton"ic (?), a. [L.
diatonicus, diatonus, Gr. /, /, fr. /
to stretch out; / through + / to stretch: cf. F.
diatonique. See Tone.]
(Mus.) Pertaining to the scale of eight tones,
the eighth of which is the octave of the first.
Diatonic scale (Mus.), a scale
consisting of eight sounds with seven intervals, of which two are
semitones and five are whole tones; a modern major or minor
scale, as distinguished from the chromatic
scale.
Di`a*ton"ic*al*ly (?), adv. In
a diatonic manner.
Di"a*tribe (?; 277), n. [L.
diatriba a learned discussion, Gr. /, prop., a
wearing away of time, fr. / to rub away, spend time; /
through + / to rub: cf. L. terere, F.
trite: cf. F. diatribe.] A
prolonged or exhaustive discussion; especially, an acrimonious or
invective harangue; a strain of abusive or railing language; a
philippic.
The ephemeral diatribe of a faction.
John Morley.
Di*at"ri*bist (?), n. One who
makes a diatribe or diatribes.
\'d8Di`a*try"ma (?), n. [NL.,
from Gr. / through + / hole.] (Paleon.)
An extinct eocene bird from New Mexico, larger than the
ostrich.
{ Di`a*zeuc"tic (?), Di`a*zeu"tic
(?), } a. [Gr. / disjunctive,
fr. / to disjoin; / through, asunder + / to join,
yoke.] (Anc. Mus.) Disjoining two fourths;
as, the diazeutic tone, which, like that from F to G
in modern music, lay between two fourths, and, being joined to
either, made a fifth. [Obs.]
Di*az"o- (/). [Pref. di- +
azo-] (Chem.) A combining form
(also used adjectively), meaning pertaining to, or
derived from, a series of compounds containing a
radical of two nitrogen atoms, united usually to an
aromatic radical; as, diazo-benzene,
C6H5.N2.OH.
Diazo compounds are in general unstable,
but are of great importance in recent organic chemistry. They are
obtained by a partial reduction of the salts of certain amido
compounds.
Diazo reactions (Chem.), a series
of reactions whereby diazo compounds are employed in
substitution. These reactions are of great importance in organic
chemistry.
Di*az"o*tize (?), v. t.
(Chem.) To subject to such reactions or processes
that diazo compounds, or their derivatives, shall be produced by
chemical exchange or substitution.
Dib (?), v. i. To dip.
[Prov. Eng.]
Walton.
Dib, n.
1. One of the small bones in the knee joints of
sheep uniting the bones above and below the joints.
2. pl. A child's game, played with dib
bones.
Di*ba"sic (?), a. [Pref.
di- + basic.] (Chem.)
Having two acid hydrogen atoms capable of replacement by
basic atoms or radicals, in forming salts; bibasic; -- said of
acids, as oxalic or sulphuric acids. Cf. Diacid,
Bibasic.
dibasic and
divalent are not synonymous; as, tartaric acid is
tetravalent and dibasic, lactic acid is
divalent but monobasic.
Di`ba*sic"i*ty (?), n.
(Chem.) The property or condition of being
dibasic.
Dib"ber (?), n. A dibble.
Halliwell.
Dib"ble (?), n. [See
Dibble, v. i.] A pointed implement
used to make holes in the ground in which no set out plants or to
plant seeds.
Dib"ble, v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Dibbled (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Dibbling (?).] [Freq.
of Prov. E. dib, for dip to thrust in. See
Dip.] To dib or dip frequently, as in
angling.
Walton.
Dib"ble, v. t.
1. To plant with a dibble; to make holes in (soil)
with a dibble, for planting.
2. To make holes or indentations in, as if with a
dibble.
The clayey soil around it was dibbled thick at the
time by the tiny hoofs of sheep.
H. Miller.
Dib"bler (?), n. One who, or
that which, dibbles, or makes holes in the ground for seed.
\'d8Di*bran`chi*a"ta (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / = / twice + / gills.]
(Zo\'94l.) An order of cephalopods which includes
those with two gills, an apparatus for emitting an inky fluid,
and either eight or ten cephalic arms bearing suckers or hooks,
as the octopi and squids. See Cephalopoda.
Di*bran"chi*ate (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Having two gills. --
n. One of the Dibranchiata.
<-- p. 408 -->
Dibs (?), n. A sweet
preparation or treacle of grape juice, much used in the
East.
Johnston.
Dib"stone` (?; 110), n. A
pebble used in a child's game called dibstones.
Locke.
Di*bu"tyl (?), n. [Pref.
di- + butyl.] (Chem.)
A liquid hydrocarbon, C8H18, of the
marsh-gas series, being one of several octanes, and consisting of
two butyl radicals. Cf. Octane.
Di*ca"cious (?), a. [L.
dicax, dicacis, fr. dicere to
say.] Talkative; pert; saucy.
[Obs.]
Di*cac"i*ty (?), n. [L.
dicacitas: cf. F. dicacit\'82. See
Dicacious.] Pertness; sauciness.
[Obs.]
Di*cal"cic (?), a. [Pref.
di- + calcic.] (Chem.)
Having two atoms or equivalents of calcium to the
molecule.
Di`car*bon"ic (?), a. [Pref.
di- + carbonic.] (Chem.)
Containing two carbon residues, or two carboxyl or radicals;
as, oxalic acid is a dicarbonic acid.
Di"cast (?), n. [Gr. /, fr.
/ to judge, / right, judgment, justice.] A
functionary in ancient Athens answering nearly to the modern
juryman.
Di*cas"ter*y (?), n. [Gr. /,
fr. / juryman. See Dicast.] A court of
justice; judgment hall. [R.]
J. S. Mill.
Dice (?), n.; pl. of
Die. Small cubes used in gaming or in
determining by chance; also, the game played with dice. See
Die, n.
Dice coal, a kind of coal easily splitting
into cubical fragments.
Brande & C.
<-- Illustr. of Dice. -->
Dice, v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Diced (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dicing.]
1. To play games with dice.
I . . . diced not above seven times a week.
Shak.
2. To ornament with squares, diamonds, or
cubes.
Dice"box` (?), n. A box from
which dice are thrown in gaming.
Thackeray.
\'d8Di*cen"tra (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / = / twice + / spur.] (Bot.)
A genus of herbaceous plants, with racemes of two-spurred or
heart-shaped flowers, including the Dutchman's breeches, and the
more showy Bleeding heart (D. spectabilis).
[Corruptly written dielytra.]
Di*ceph"a*lous (?), a. [Gr.
/; / = / twice + / head.] Having two heads on
one body; double-headed.
Di"cer (?), n. A player at
dice; a dice player; a gamester.
As false as dicers' oaths.
Shak.
Dich (?), v. i. To ditch.
[Obs.]
Di*chas"tic (?), a. [Gr. / to
part asunder, fr. / in two, asunder, fr. / twice.]
(Biol.) Capable of subdividing
spontaneously.
Di`chla*myd"e*ous (?), a. [Gr.
/ = / twice + /, /, a cloak.] (Bot.)
Having two coverings, a calyx and in corolla.
Di*chlo"ride (?), n. [Pref.
di- + chloride.] (Chem.)
Same as Bichloride.
Di*chog"a*mous (?), a.
(Bot.) Manifesting dichogamy.
Di*chog"a*my (?), n. [Gr. /
in two, asunder + / marriage.] (Bot.) The
condition of certain species of plants, in which the stamens and
pistil do not mature simultaneously, so that these plants can
never fertilize themselves.
Di*chot"o*mist (?), n. One who
dichotomizes.
Bacon.
Di*chot"o*mize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dichotomized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dichotomizing
(?).] [See Dichotomous.]
1. To cut into two parts; to part into two
divisions; to divide into pairs; to bisect.
[R.]
The apostolical benediction dichotomizes all good
things into grace and peace.
Bp. Hall.
2. (Astron.) To exhibit as a half disk.
See Dichotomy, 3. \'bd[The moon] was
dichotomized.\'b8
Whewell.
Di*chot"o*mize, v. i. To separate into
two parts; to branch dichotomously; to become dichotomous.
Di*chot"o*mous (?), a. [L.
dichotomos, Gr. /; / in two, asunder + / to
cut.] Regularly dividing by pairs from bottom to top;
as, a dichotomous stem. --
Di*chot"o*mous*ly,
adv.
Di*chot"o*my (?), n. [Gr. /,
fr. /: cf. F. dichotomie. See
Dichotomous.]
1. A cutting in two; a division.
A general breach or dichotomy with their
church.
Sir T. Browne.
2. Division or distribution of genera into two
species; division into two subordinate parts.
3. (Astron.) That phase of the moon in
which it appears bisected, or shows only half its disk, as at the
quadratures.
4. (Biol.) Successive division and
subdivision, as of a stem of a plant or a vein of the body, into
two parts as it proceeds from its origin; successive
bifurcation.
5. The place where a stem or vein is forked.
6. (Logic) Division into two;
especially, the division of a class into two subclasses opposed
to each other by contradiction, as the division of the term
man into white and not
white.
Di*chro"ic (?), a. [See
Dichroism.] Having the property of dichroism;
as, a dichroic crystal.
Di*chro"i*scope (?), n. Same as
Dichroscope.
Di"chro*ism (?), n. [Gr. /
two-colored; / = / twice + / color.]
(Opt.) The property of presenting different
colors by transmitted light, when viewed in two different
directions, the colors being unlike in the direction of unlike or
unequal axes.
Di"chro*ite (?), n. [See
Dichroism.] (Min.) Iolite; -- so
called from its presenting two different colors when viewed in
two different directions. See Iolite.
Di`chro*it"ic (?), a.
Dichroic.
Di*chro"mate (?), n.
(Chem.) A salt of chromic acid containing two
equivalents of the acid radical to one of the base; -- called
also bichromate.
Di`chro*mat"ic (?), a. [Pref.
di- + chromatic: cf. Gr. /.]
1. Having or exhibiting two colors.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Having two color
varieties, or two phases differing in color, independently of age
or sex, as in certain birds and insects.
Di*chro"ma*tism (?), n. The
state of being dichromatic.
Di*chro"mic (?), a. [Gr. /
two-colored; / = / twice + / color.] Furnishing
or giving two colors; -- said of defective vision, in which all
the compound colors are resolvable into two elements instead of
three.
Sir J. Herschel.
Di"chro*ous (?), a.
Dichroic.
Di"chro*scope (?), n. [Gr. /
= / twice + / color + / to view.] An instrument
for examining the dichroism of crystals.
Di`chro*scop"ic (?), a.
Pertaining to the dichroscope, or to observations with
it.
Di"cing (?), n.
1. An ornamenting in squares or cubes.
2. Gambling with dice.
J. R. Green.
Dick*cis"sel (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) The American black-throated bunting
(Spiza Americana).
Dick"ens (?), n.
[Perh. a contr. of the dim. devilkins.]
The devil. [A vulgar euphemism.]
I can not tell what the dickens his name is.
Shak.
Dick"er (?), n. [Also
daker, dakir; akin to Icel.
dekr, Dan. deger, G. decher; all
prob. from LL. dacra, dacrum, the number
ten, akin to L. decuria a division consisting of ten,
fr. decem ten. See Ten.]
1. The number or quantity of ten, particularly ten
hides or skins; a dakir; as, a dicker of
gloves. [Obs.]
A dicker of cowhides.
Heywood.
2. A chaffering, barter, or exchange, of small
wares; as, to make a dicker.
[U.S.]
For peddling dicker, not for honest sales.
Whittier.
Dick"er, v. i. & t. To negotiate a
dicker; to barter. [U.S.] \'bdReady to
dicker. and to swap.\'b8
Cooper.
{ Dick"ey, Dick"y } (?),
n.
1. A seat behind a carriage, for a servant.
2. A false shirt front or bosom.
3. A gentleman's shirt collar. [Local,
U. S.]
Di*clin"ic (?), a. [Gr. / =
/ twice + / to incline.] (Crystallog.)
Having two of the intersections between the three axes
oblique. See Crystallization.
Dic"li*nous (?), a. [Gr. / =
/ bed.] Having the stamens and pistils in separate
flowers.
Gray.
Di*coc"cous (?), a. [Gr. / =
/ twice + / grain, seed.] (Bot.)
Composed pf two coherent, one-seeded carpels; as, a
dicoccous capsule.
Di*cot`y*le"don (?), n. [Pref.
di- + cotyledon.] (Bot.)
A plant whose seeds divide into two seed lobes, or
cotyledons, in germinating.
Di*cot`y*le"don*ous (?), a.
(Bot.) Having two cotyledons or seed lobes;
as, a dicotyledonous plant.
{ Di"cro*tal (?), Di"cro*tous
(?), } a. [Gr. / a double
beating.] Dicrotic.
Di*crot"ic (?), a. [Gr. / =
/ to knock, beat.] (Physiol.) (a)
Of or pertaining to dicrotism; as, a dicrotic
pulse. (b) Of or pertaining to the
second expansion of the artery in the dicrotic pulse; as, the
dicrotic wave.
Di"cro*tism (?), n.
(Physiol.) A condition in which there are two
beats or waves of the arterial pulse to each beat of the
heart.
\'d8Dic"ta (?), n. pl.
[L.] See Dictum.
\'d8Dic*ta"men (?), n. [LL.,
fr. dictare to dictate.] A dictation or
dictate. [R.]
Falkland.
\'d8Dic*tam"nus (?), n. [L. See
Dittany.] (Bot.) A suffrutescent,
D. Fraxinella (the only species), with
strong perfume and showy flowers. The volatile oil of the leaves
is highly inflammable.
Dic"tate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dictated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Dictating.] [L.
dictatus, p. p. of dictare, freq. of
dicere to say. See Diction, and cf.
Dight.]
1. To tell or utter so that another may write down;
to inspire; to compose; as, to dictate a letter to
an amanuensis.
The mind which dictated the Iliad.
Wayland.
Pages dictated by the Holy Spirit.
Macaulay.
2. To say; to utter; to communicate
authoritatively; to deliver (a command) to a subordinate; to
declare with authority; to impose; as, to dictate
the terms of a treaty; a general dictates orders to his
troops.
Whatsoever is dictated to us by God must be
believed.
Watts.
Syn. -- To suggest; prescribe; enjoin; command; point out;
urge; admonish.
Dic"tate, v. i.
1. To speak as a superior; to command; to impose
conditions (on).
Who presumed to dictate to the sovereign.
Macaulay.
2. To compose literary works; to tell what shall be
written or said by another.
Sylla could not skill of letters, and therefore knew not how
to dictate.
Bacon.
Dic"tate (?), n. [L.
dictatum. See Dictate, v.
t.] A statement delivered with authority; an
order; a command; an authoritative rule, principle, or maxim; a
prescription; as, listen to the dictates of your
conscience; the dictates of the gospel.
I credit what the Grecian dictates say.
Prior.
Syn. -- Command; injunction; direction suggestion; impulse;
admonition.
Dic*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
dictatio.]
1. The act of dictating; the act or practice of
prescribing; also that which is dictated.
It affords security against the dictation of
laws.
Paley.
2. The speaking to, or the giving orders to, in an
overbearing manner; authoritative utterance; as, his habit,
even with friends, was that of dictatio.
Dic*ta"tor (?), n. [L.]
1. One who dictates; one who prescribes rules and
maxims authoritatively for the direction of others.
Locke.
2. One invested with absolute authority;
especially, a magistrate created in times of exigence and
distress, and invested with unlimited power.
Invested with the authority of a dictator, nay, of
a pope, over our language.
Macaulay.
Dic`ta*to"ri*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
dictatorial.]
1. Pertaining or suited to a dictator;
absolute.
Military powers quite dictatorial.
W. Irving.
2. Characteristic of a dictator; imperious;
dogmatical; overbearing; as, a dictatorial tone or
manner.
-- Dic`ta*to"ri*al*ly, adv. --
Dic`ta*to"ri*al*ness, n.
Dic`ta*to"ri*an (?), a.
Dictatorial. [Obs.]
Dic*ta"tor*ship (?), n. The
office, or the term of office, of a dictator; hence, absolute
power.
Dic"ta*to*ry (?), a. [L.
dictatorius.] Dogmatical; overbearing;
dictatorial.
Milton.
Dic*ta"tress (?), n. A woman
who dictates or commands.
Earth's chief dictatress, ocean's mighty queen.
Byron.
Dic*ta"trix (?), n. [L.]
A dictatress.
Dic*ta"ture (?; 135), n. [L.
dictatura: cf. F. dictature.]
Office of a dictator; dictatorship. [R.]
Bacon.
Dic"tion (?), n. [L.
dicto a saying, a word, fr. dicere,
dictum, to say; akin to dicare to proclaim,
and to E. teach, token: cf. F.
diction. See Teach, and cf. Benison,
Dedicate, Index, Judge,
Preach, Vengeance.] Choice of words
for the expression of ideas; the construction, disposition, and
application of words in discourse, with regard to clearness,
accuracy, variety, etc.; mode of expression; language; as,
the diction of Chaucer's poems.
His diction blazes up into a sudden explosion of
prophetic grandeur.
De Quincey.
Syn. -- Diction, Style,
Phraseology. Style relates both
to language and thought; diction, to language only;
phraseology, to the mechanical structure of sentences,
or the mode in which they are phrased. The
style of Burke was enriched with all the higher graces
of composition; his diction was varied and copious;
his phraseology, at times, was careless and
cumbersome. \'bdDiction is a general term applicable
alike to a single sentence or a connected composition. Errors in
grammar, false construction, a confused disposition of words, or
an improper application of them, constitute bad
diction; but the niceties, the elegancies, the
peculiarities, and the beauties of composition, which mark the
genius and talent of the writer, are what is comprehended under
the name of style.\'b8
Crabb.
Dic`tion*al"ri*an (?), n. A
lexicographer. [R.]
Dic"tion*a*ry (?), n.; pl.
Dictionaries (#). [Cf. F.
dictionnaire. See Diction.]
1. A book containing the words of a language,
arranged alphabetically, with explanations of their meanings; a
lexicon; a vocabulary; a wordbook.
I applied myself to the perusal of our writers; and noting
whatever might be of use to ascertain or illustrate any word or
phrase, accumulated in time the materials of a
dictionary.
Johnson.
2. Hence, a book containing the words belonging to
any system or province of knowledge, arranged alphabetically;
as, a dictionary of medicine or of botany; a
biographical dictionary.
\'d8Dic"tum (?), n.; pl. L.
Dicta (#), E. Dictums
(#). [L., neuter of dictus, p. p.
of dicere to say. See Diction, and cf.
Ditto.]
1. An authoritative statement; a dogmatic saying;
an apothegm.
A class of critical dicta everywhere current.
M. Arnold.
2. (Law) (a) A judicial opinion
expressed by judges on points that do not necessarily arise in
the case, and are not involved in it. (b)
(French Law) The report of a judgment made by one
of the judges who has given it. Bouvier.
(c) An arbitrament or award.
Dic*ty"o*gen (?), n. [Gr. / a
net + -gen.] (Bot.) A plant with
netveined leaves, and monocotyledonous embryos, belonging to the
class Dictyogen\'91, proposed by Lindley for the
orders Dioscoreace\'91, Smilace\'91,
Trilliace\'91, etc.
Di*cy"a*nide (?), n. [Pref.
di- + cyanogen.] (Chem.)
A compound of a binary type containing two cyanogen groups
or radicals; -- called also bicyanide.
\'d8Di`cy*e"ma*ta (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / = / twice + / an embryo.]
(Zo\'94l.) An order of worms parasitic in
cephalopods. They are remarkable for the extreme simplicity of
their structure. The embryo exists in two forms.
Di`cy*e"mid (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Like or belonging to the
Dicyemata. -- n. One of the
Dicyemata.
<-- p. 409 -->
Di*cyn"o*dont (?), n. [Gr. /
= / twice + / dog + /, / , tooth.]
(Paleon.) One of a group of extinct reptiles
having the jaws armed with a horny beak, as in turtles, and in
the genus Dicynodon, supporting also a pair of
powerful tusks. Their remains are found in triassic strata of
South Africa and India.
Did (?), imp. of
Do.
{ Di*dac"tic (?), Di*dac"tic*al
(?), } a. [Gr. /, fr. / to
teach; akin to L. docere to teach: cf. F.
didactique. See Docile.] Fitted or
intended to teach; conveying instruction; preceptive;
instructive; teaching some moral lesson; as,
didactic essays. \'bdDidactical
writings.\'b8
Jer. Taylor.
The finest didactic poem in any language.
Macaulay.
Di*dac"tic, n. A treatise on teaching or
education. [Obs.]
Milton.
Di*dac"tic*al*ly, adv. In a didactic
manner.
Di*dac"ti*cism (?), n. The
didactic method or system.
Di`dac*tic"i*ty (?), n.
Aptitude for teaching.
Hare.
Di*dac"tics (?), n. The art or
science of teaching.
Di*dac"tyl (?), n. [Gr. / =
/ twice + / finger, toe: cf. F. didactyle.]
(Zo\'94l.) An animal having only two
digits.
Di*dac"tyl*ous (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Having only two digits;
two-toed.
Di"dal (?), n. A kind of
triangular spade. [Obs.]
Di"dap`per (?), n. [For
divedapper. See Dive, Dap,
Dip, and cf. Dabchick.]
(Zo\'94l.) See Dabchick.
Di*das"ca*lar (?), a.
Didascalic. [R.]
Di`das*cal"ic (?), a. [L.
didascalius, Gr. /, fr. / to teach: cf. F.
didascalique.] Didactic; preceptive.
[R.]
Prior.
Did"dle (?), v. i. [Cf.
Daddle.] To totter, as a child in
walking. [Obs.]
Quarles.
Did"dle, v. t. [Perh. from AS.
dyderian to deceive, the letter r being
changed to l.] To cheat or overreach.
[Colloq.]
Beaconsfield.
Did"dler (?), n. A cheat.
[Colloq.]
Jeremy Diddler, a character in a play by James
Kenney, entitled \'bdRaising the wind.\'b8 The name is applied to
any needy, tricky, constant borrower; a confidence man.
\'d8Di*del"phi*a (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / = / matrix, uterus.]
(Zo\'94l.) The subclass of Mammalia which
includes the marsupials. See Marsupialia.
Di*del"phi*an (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Of or relating to the Didelphia.
-- n. One of the Didelphia.
Di*del"phic (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Having the uterus double; of or
pertaining to the Didelphia.
Di*del"phid (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Same as Didelphic.
Di*del"phid, n. (Zo\'94l.) A
marsupial animal.
Di*del"phous (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Didelphic.
Di*del"phyc (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Same as Didelphic.
\'d8Di*del"phous (?), n. [NL.
See Didelphia.] (Zo\'94l.)
Formerly, any marsupial; but the term is now restricted to
an American genus which includes the opossums, of which there are
many species. See Opossum. [Written also
Didelphis.] See Illustration in
Appendix.
Cuvier.
Di"dine (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the genus
Didus, or the dodo.
Di"do (?), n.; pl.
Didos (/). A shrewd trick; an
antic; a caper.
To cut a dido, to play a trick; to cut a
caper; -- perhaps so called from the trick of Dido, who having
bought so much land as a hide would cover, is said to have cut it
into thin strips long enough to inclose a spot for a
citadel.
\'d8Di*do"ni*a (?), n. [NL. So
called in allusion to the classical story of Dido and the bull's
hide.] (Geom.) The curve which on a given
surface and with a given perimeter contains the greatest
area.
Tait.
{ Di"drachm (?), Di*drach"ma
(?), } n. [Gr. /; / = /
twice + / a drachm.] A two-drachma piece; an ancient
Greek silver coin, worth nearly forty cents.
Didst (?), the 2d pers.
sing. imp. of Do.
Di*duce"ment (?), n. Diduction;
separation into distinct parts.
Bacon.
Di*duc"tion (?), n. [L.
diductio, fr. diducere,
diductum, to draw apart; di- =
dis- + ducere to lead, draw.]
The act of drawing apart; separation.
Di"dym (?), n. (Chem.)
See Didymium.
Di*dym"i*um (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. / twin.] (Chem.) A rare metallic
substance usually associated with the metal cerium; -- hence its
name. It was formerly supposed to be an element, but has since
been found to consist of two simpler elementary substances,
neodymium and praseodymium. See Neodymium, and
Praseodymium.
Did"y*mous (?), a. [Gr. /
twofold, twin.] (Bot.) Growing in pairs or
twins.
\'d8Did`y*na"mi*a (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / = / twice + / power.]
(Bot.) A Linn\'91an class of plants having four
stamens disposed in pairs of unequal length.
\'d8Did`y*na"mi*an (?), a.
Didynamous.
Di*dyn"a*mous (?), a.
(Bot.) Of or pertaining to the Didynamia;
containing four stamens disposed in pairs of unequal
length.
Die (?), v. i. [imp.
& p. p. Died (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Dying.] [OE. deyen,
dien, of Scand. origin; cf. Icel. deyja;
akin to Dan. d\'94e, Sw. d\'94, Goth.
diwan (cf. Goth. afd/jan to harass),
OFries. d/ia to kill, OS. doian to die,
OHG. touwen, OSlav. daviti to choke, Lith.
dovyti to torment. Cf. Dead,
Death.]
1. To pass from an animate to a lifeless state; to
cease to live; to suffer a total and irreparable loss of action
of the vital functions; to become dead; to expire; to perish; --
said of animals and vegetables; often with of,
by, with, from, and rarely
for, before the cause or occasion of death; as, to
die of disease or hardships; to die by fire or
the sword; to die with horror at the thought.
To die by the roadside of grief and hunger.
Macaulay.
She will die from want of care.
Tennyson.
2. To suffer death; to lose life.
In due time Christ died for the ungodly.
Rom. v. 6.
3. To perish in any manner; to cease; to become
lost or extinct; to be extinguished.
Letting the secret die within his own breast.
Spectator.
Great deeds can not die.
Tennyson.
4. To sink; to faint; to pine; to languish, with
weakness, discouragement, love, etc.
His heart died within, and he became as a
stone.
1 Sam. xxv. 37.
The young men acknowledged, in love letters, that they
died for Rebecca.
Tatler.
5. To become indifferent; to cease to be subject;
as, to die to pleasure or to sin.
6. To recede and grow fainter; to become
imperceptible; to vanish; -- often with out or
away.
Blemishes may die away and disappear amidst the
brightness.
Spectator.
7. (Arch.) To disappear gradually in
another surface, as where moldings are lost in a sloped or curved
face.
8. To become vapid, flat, or spiritless, as
liquor.
To die in the last ditch, to fight till death;
to die rather than surrender.
\'bdThere is one certain way,\'b8 replied the Prince [William
of Orange] \'bd by which I can be sure never to see my country's
ruin, -- I will die in the last ditch.\'b8
Hume (Hist. of Eng. ).
-- To die out, to cease gradually; as, the
prejudice has died out.
Syn. -- To expire; decease; perish; depart; vanish.
Die, n.; pl. in 1 and (usually) in 2,
Dice (d\'c6s); in 4 & 5, Dies
(d\'c6z). [OE. dee,
die, F. d\'82, fr. L. datus
given, thrown, p. p. of dare to give, throw. See
Date a point of time.]
1. A small cube, marked on its faces with spots
from one to six, and used in playing games by being shaken in a
box and thrown from it. See Dice.
2. Any small cubical or square body.
Words . . . pasted upon little flat tablets or
dies.
Watts.
3. That which is, or might be, determined, by a
throw of the die; hazard; chance.
Such is the die of war.
Spenser.
4. (Arch.) That part of a pedestal
included between base and cornice; the dado.
5. (Mach.) (a) A metal or plate
(often one of a pair) so cut or shaped as to give a certain
desired form to, or impress any desired device on, an object or
surface, by pressure or by a blow; used in forging metals,
coining, striking up sheet metal, etc. (b) A
perforated block, commonly of hardened steel used in connection
with a punch, for punching holes, as through plates, or blanks
from plates, or for forming cups or capsules, as from sheet
metal, by drawing. (c) A hollow internally
threaded screw-cutting tool, made in one piece or composed of
several parts, for forming screw threads on bolts, etc.; one of
the separate parts which make up such a tool.
Cutting die (Mech.), a thin, deep
steel frame, sharpened to a cutting edge, for cutting out
articles from leather, cloth, paper, etc. -- The die is
cast, the hazard must be run; the step is taken, and it
is too late to draw back; the last chance is taken.
Di*e"cian (?), a.,
Di*e"cious,/hw> (/), a.
(Bot.) See Di\'d2cian, and
Di\'d2cious.
Di*e"dral (?), a. The same as
Dihedral.
\'d8Di`e*ge"sis (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. /, fr. / to narrate; / through + / to
lead.] A narrative or history; a recital or
relation.
Di`e*lec"tric (?), n. [Pref.
dia- + electric.] (Elec.)
Any substance or medium that transmits the electric force by
a process different from conduction, as in the phenomena of
induction; a nonconductor. separating a body electrified by
induction, from the electrifying body.
\'d8Di*el"y*tra (?), n.
(Bot.) See Dicentra.
\'d8Di`en*ceph"a*lon (?), n.
[NL. See Dia-, and Encephalon.]
(Anat.) The interbrain or thalamencephalon; --
sometimes abbreviated to dien. See
Thalamencephalon.
\'d8Di*er"e*sis (?), n.
[NL.] Same as Di\'91resis.
Die"sink`er (?), n. An engraver
of dies for stamping coins, medals, etc.
Die"sink`ing, n. The process of
engraving dies.
\'d8Di"e*sis (?), n.; pl.
Dieses (#). [NL., fr. Gr. /, fr.
/ to let go through, dissolve; / through + / to let go,
send.]
1. (Mus.) A small interval, less than
any in actual practice, but used in the mathematical calculation
of intervals.
2. (Print.) The mark double dagger.
\'d8Di"es I"r\'91 (?). Day of wrath; --
the name and beginning of a famous medi\'91val Latin hymn on the
Last Judgment.
\'d8Di"es ju*rid"i*cus (?); pl. Dies
juridici (#). [L.]
(Law) A court day.
\'d8Di"es non" (?). [L. dies non
juridicus.] (Law) A day on which
courts are not held, as Sunday or any legal holiday.
Die"stock` (?), n. A stock to
hold the dies used for cutting screws.
Di"et (?), n. [F.
di\'8ate, L. diaeta, fr. Gr. / manner of
living.]
1. Course of living or nourishment; what is eaten
and drunk habitually; food; victuals; fare. \'bdNo
inconvenient diet.\'b8
Milton.
2. A course of food selected with reference to a
particular state of health; prescribed allowance of food; regimen
prescribed.
To fast like one that takes diet.
Shak.
Diet kitchen, a kitchen in which diet is
prepared for invalids; a charitable establishment that provides
proper food for the sick poor.
Di"et, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dieted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Dieting.]
1. To cause to take food; to feed.
[R.]
Shak.
2. To cause to eat and drink sparingly, or by
prescribed rules; to regulate medicinally the food of.
She diets him with fasting every day.
Spenser.
Di"et, v. i.
1. To eat; to take one's meals.
[Obs.]
Let him . . . diet in such places, where there is
good company of the nation, where he traveleth.
Bacon.
2. To eat according to prescribed rules; to ear
sparingly; as, the doctor says he must
diet.
Di"et, n. [F. di\'8ate, LL.
dieta, diaeta, an assembly, a day's
journey; the same word as diet course of living, but
with the sense changed by L. dies day: cf. G.
tag day/ and Reichstag.] A
legislative or administrative assembly in Germany, Poland, and
some other countries of Europe; a deliberative convention; a
council; as, the Diet of Worms, held in
1521.
Di`e*ta"ri*an (?), n. One who
lives in accordance with prescribed rules for diet; a
dieter.
Di"et*a*ry (?), a. Pertaining
to diet, or to the rules of diet.
Di"et*a*ry, n.; pl. Dietaries
(/). A rule of diet; a fixed allowance of
food, as in workhouse, prison, etc.
Di"et*er (?), n. One who diets;
one who prescribes, or who partakes of, food, according to
hygienic rules.
{ Di`e*tet"ic (?), Di`e*tet"ic*al
(?), } a. [Gr. /: cf. F.
di\'82t\'82tique. See Diet.] Of or
performance to diet, or to the rules for regulating the kind and
quantity of food to be eaten.
Di`e*tet"ic*al*ly, adv. In a dietetical
manner.
Di`e*tet"ics (?), n. That part
of the medical or hygienic art which relates to diet or food;
rules for diet.
To suppose that the whole of dietetics lies in
determining whether or not bread is more nutritive than
potatoes.
H. Spencer.
Di`e*tet"ist, n. A physician who applies
the rules of dietetics to the cure of diseases.
Dunglison.
Di*eth`yl*am"ine (?), n. [Pref.
di- + ethylamine.] (Chem.)
A colorless, volatile, alkaline liquid,
NH(C2H5)2, having a strong fishy odor resembling
that of herring or sardines. Cf. Methylamine.
Di*et"ic (?), a.
Dietetic.
Di*et"ic*al (?), a.
Dietetic. [R.]
Ferrand.
Di"et*ine (?), n. [Cf. F.
di\'82tine.] A subordinate or local
assembly; a diet of inferior rank.
{ Di"et*ist (?), Di`e*ti"tian
(?), } n. One skilled in
dietetics. [R.]
Dif*fame` (?), n. [See
Defame.] Evil name; bad reputation;
defamation. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dif*far`re*a"tion (?), n. [L.
diffarreatio; dif- = farreum a
spelt cake. See Confarreation.] A form of
divorce, among the ancient Romans, in which a cake was used. See
Confarreation.
Dif"fer (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Differed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Differing.] [L. differre;
dif- = dis- + ferre to bear, carry: cf. F.
diff\'82rer. See 1st Bear, and cf.
Defer, Delay.]
1. To be or stand apart; to disagree; to be unlike;
to be distinguished; -- with from.
One star differeth from another star in glory.
1 Cor. xv. 41.
Minds differ, as rivers differ.
Macaulay.
2. To be of unlike or opposite opinion; to disagree
in sentiment; -- often with from or
with.
3. To have a difference, cause of variance, or
quarrel; to dispute; to contend.
We 'll never differ with a crowded pit.
Rowe.
Syn. -- To vary; disagree; dissent; dispute; contend;
oppose; wrangle. -- To Differ with,
Differ from. Both differ from and aiffer
with are used in reference to opinions; as, \'bdI
differ from you or with you in that
opinion.\'b8\'b8 In all other cases, expressing simple
unlikeness, differ from is used; as, these two
persons or things differ entirely from each
other.
Severely punished, not for differing from us in
opinion, but for committing a nuisance.
Macaulay.
Davidson, whom on a former occasion we quoted, to differ
from him.
M. Arnold.
Much as I differ from him concerning an essential
part of the historic basis of religion.
Gladstone.
I differ with the honorable gentleman on that
point.
Brougham.
If the honorable gentleman differs with me on that
subject, I differ as heartily with him, and
shall always rejoice to differ.
Canning.
Dif"fer, v. t. To cause to be different
or unlike; to set at variance. [R.]
But something 'ts that differs thee and me.
Cowley.
Dif"fer*ence (?), n. [F.
diff\'82rence, L. differentia.]
1. The act of differing; the state or measure of
being different or unlike; distinction; dissimilarity;
unlikeness; variation; as, a difference of quality
in paper; a difference in degrees of heat, or of light;
what is the difference between the innocent and the
guilty?
Differencies of administration, but the same
Lord.
1 Cor. xii. 5.
2. Disagreement in opinion; dissension;
controversy; quarrel; hence, cause of dissension; matter in
controversy.
What was the difference? It was a contention in
public.
Shak.
Away therefore went I with the constable, leaving the old
warden and the young constable to compose their
difference as they could.
T. Ellwood.
<-- p. 410 -->
3. That by which one thing differs from another;
that which distinguishes or causes to differ;; mark of
distinction; characteristic quality; specific attribute.
The marks and differences of sovereignty.
Davies.
4. Choice; preference. [Obs.]
That now be chooseth with vile difference
To be a beast, and lack intelligence.
Spenser.
5. (Her.) An addition to a coat of arms
to distinguish the bearings of two persons, which would otherwise
be the same. See Augmentation, and Marks of
cadency, under Cadency.
6. (Logic) The quality or attribute
which is added to those of the genus to constitute a species; a
differentia.
7. (Math.) The quantity by which one
quantity differs from another, or the remainder left after
subtracting the one from the other.
Ascensional difference. See under
Ascensional.
Syn. -- Distinction; dissimilarity; dissimilitude;
variation; diversity; variety; contrariety; disagreement;
variance; contest; contention; dispute; controversy; debate;
quarrel; wrangle; strife.
Dif"fer*ence (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Differenced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Differencing.] To cause to differ; to
make different; to mark as different; to distinguish.
Thou mayest difference gods from men.
Chapman.
Kings, in receiving justice and undergoing trial, are not
differenced from the meanest subject.
Milton.
So completely differenced by their separate and
individual characters that we at once acknowledge them as
distinct persons.
Sir W. Scott.
Dif"fer*ent (?), a. [L.
differens, -entis, p. pr. of
differre: cf. F. diff\'82rent.]
1. Distinct; separate; not the same; other.
\'bdFive different churches.\'b8
Addison.
2. Of various or contrary nature, form, or quality;
partially or totally unlike; dissimilar; as,
different kinds of food or drink; different
states of health; different shapes; different
degrees of excellence.
Men are as different from each other, as the
regions in which they are born are different.
Dryden.
Different is properly followed by
from. Different to, for different
from, is a common English colloquialism. Different
than is quite inadmissible.
\'d8Dif`fer*en"ti*a (?), n.;
pl. Differenti\'91 (#). [L.
See Difference.] (Logic) The
formal or distinguishing part of the essence of a species; the
characteristic attribute of a species; specific difference.
Dif`fer*en"tial (?), a. [Cf. F.
diff\'82rentiel.]
1. Relating to or indicating a difference; creating
a difference; discriminating; special; as,
differential characteristics; differential
duties; a differential rate.
For whom he produced differential favors.
Motley.
2. (Math.) Of or pertaining to a
differential, or to differentials.
3. (Mech.) Relating to differences of
motion or leverage; producing effects by such differences; said
of mechanism.
Differential calculus. (Math.) See
under Calculus. -- Differential
coefficient, the limit of the ratio of the increment of
a function of a variable to the increment of the variable itself,
when these increments are made indefinitely small. --
Differential coupling, a form of slip coupling
used in light machinery to regulate at pleasure the velocity of
the connected shaft. -- Differential duties
(Polit. Econ.), duties which are not imposed
equally upon the same products imported from different
countries. -- Differential galvanometer
(Elec.), a galvanometer having two coils or
circuits, usually equal, through which currents passing in
opposite directions are measured by the difference of their
effect upon the needle. -- Differential gearing,
a train of toothed wheels, usually an epicyclic train, so
arranged as to constitute a differential motion.
-- Differential motion, a mechanism in which a
simple differential combination produces such a change
of motion or force as would, with ordinary compound arrangements,
require a considerable train of parts. It is used for overcoming
great resistance or producing very slow or very rapid
motion. -- Differential pulley.
(Mach.) (a) A portable hoisting
apparatus, the same in principle as the differential
windlass. (b) A hoisting pulley to which power
is applied through a differential gearing. --
Differential screw, a compound screw by which a
motion is produced equal to the difference of the motions of the
component screws. -- Differential thermometer,
a thermometer usually with a U-shaped tube terminating in two
air bulbs, and containing a colored liquid, used for indicating
the difference between the temperatures to which the two bulbs
are exposed, by the change of position of the colored fluid, in
consequence of the different expansions of the air in the bulbs.
A graduated scale is attached to one leg of the tube. --
Differential windlass, Chinese
windlass, a windlass whose barrel has two parts
of different diameters. The hoisting rope winds upon one part as
it unwinds from the other, and a pulley sustaining the weight to
be lifted hangs in the bight of the rope. It is an ancient
example of a differential motion.
Dif`fer*en"tial, n.
1. (Math.) An increment, usually an
indefinitely small one, which is given to a variable
quantity.
differentials need not be small, but are any
quantities whose ratios to each other are the limits to which the
ratios of the increments approximate, as these increments are
reduced nearer and nearer to zero.
2. A small difference in rates which competing
railroad lines, in establishing a common tariff, allow one of
their number to make, in order to get a fair share of the
business. The lower rate is called a differential
rate. Differentials are also sometimes granted to cities.
3. (Elec.) (a) One of two coils
of conducting wire so related to one another or to a magnet or
armature common to both, that one coil produces polar action
contrary to that of the other. (b) A form of
conductor used for dividing and distributing the current to a
series of electric lamps so as to maintain equal action in
all.
Knight.
Partial differential (Math.), the
differential of a function of two or more variables, when only
one of the variables receives an increment. -- Total
differential (Math.), the differential of a
function of two or more variables, when each of the variables
receives an increment. The total differential of the
function is the sum of all the partial
differentials.
Dif`fer*en"tial*ly (?), adv. In
the way of differentiation.
Dif`fer*en"ti*ate (?), v. t.
1. To distinguish or mark by a specific difference;
to effect a difference in, as regards classification; to develop
differential characteristics in; to specialize; to
desynonymize.
The word then was differentiated into
the two forms then and than.
Earle.
Two or more of the forms assumed by the same original word
become differentiated in signification.
Dr. Murray.
2. To express the specific difference of; to
describe the properties of (a thing) whereby it is differenced
from another of the same class; to discriminate.
Earle.
3. (Math.) To obtain the differential,
or differential coefficient, of; as, to
differentiate an algebraic expression, or an
equation.
Dif`fer*en"ti*ate, v. i. (Biol.)
To acquire a distinct and separate character.
Huxley.
Dif`fer*en`ti*a"tion (?), n.
1. The act of differentiating.
Further investigation of the Sanskrit may lead to
differentiation of the meaning of such of these roots
as are real roots.
J. Peile.
2. (Logic) The act of distinguishing or
describing a thing, by giving its different, or specific
difference; exact definition or determination.
3. (Biol.) The gradual formation or
production of organs or parts by a process of evolution or
development, as when the seed develops the root and the stem, the
initial stem develops the leaf, branches, and flower buds; or in
animal life, when the germ evolves the digestive and other organs
and members, or when the animals as they advance in organization
acquire special organs for specific purposes.
4. (Metaph.) The supposed act or
tendency in being of every kind, whether organic or inorganic, to
assume or produce a more complex structure or functions.
Dif`fer*en"ti*a`tor (?), n. One
who, or that which, differentiates.
Dif"fer*ent*ly (?), adv. In a
different manner; variously.
Dif"fer*ing*ly, adv. In a differing or
different manner.
Boyle.
Dif"fi*cile (?), a. [L.
difficilis: cf. F. difficile. See
Difficult.] Difficult; hard to manage;
stubborn. [Obs.] --
Dif"fi*cile*ness, n.
[Obs.]
Bacon.
Dif`fi*cil"i*tate (?), v. t. To
make difficult. [Obs.]
W. Montagu.
Dif"fi*cult (?), a. [From
Difficulty.]
1. Hard to do or to make; beset with difficulty;
attended with labor, trouble, or pains; not easy; arduous.
Difficult implies the notion that
considerable mental effort or skill is required, or that
obstacles are to be overcome which call for sagacity and skill in
the agent; as, a difficult task; hard work is not
always difficult work; a difficult
operation in surgery; a difficult passage in an
author.
There is not the strength or courage left me to venture into
the wide, strange, and difficult world, alone.
Hawthorne.
2. Hard to manage or to please; not easily wrought
upon; austere; stubborn; as, a difficult
person.
Syn. -- Arduous; painful; crabbed; perplexed; laborious;
unaccommodating; troublesome. See Arduous.
Dif"fi*cult, v. t. To render difficult;
to impede; to perplex. [R.]
Sir W. Temple.
Dif"fi*cult*ate (?), v. t. To
render difficult; to difficilitate. [Obs.]
Cotgrave.
Dif"fi*cult*ly, adv. With
difficulty.
Cowper.
Dif"fi*cult*ness, n. Difficulty.
[R.]
Golding.
Dif"fi*cul*ty (?), n.; pl.
Difficulties (#). [L.
difficultas, fr. difficilis difficult;
dif- = dis- + facilis easy: cf.
F. difficult\'82. See Facile.]
1. The state of being difficult, or hard to do;
hardness; arduousness; -- opposed to easiness or
facility; as, the difficulty of a task or
enterprise; a work of difficulty.
Not being able to promote them [the interests of life] on
account of the difficulty of the region.
James Byrne.
2. Something difficult; a thing hard to do or to
understand; that which occasions labor or perplexity, and
requires skill perseverance to overcome, solve, or achieve; a
hard enterprise; an obstacle; an impediment; as, the
difficulties of a science; difficulties in
theology.
They lie under some difficulties by reason of the
emperor's displeasure.
Addison.
3. A controversy; a falling out; a disagreement; an
objection; a cavil.
Measures for terminating all local
difficulties.
Bancroft.
4. Embarrassment of affairs, especially financial
affairs; -- usually in the plural; as, to be in
difficulties.
In days of difficulty and pressure.
Tennyson.
Syn. -- Impediment; obstacle; obstruction; embarrassment;
perplexity; exigency; distress; trouble; trial; objection; cavil.
See Impediment.
Dif*fide" (?), v. i. [L.
diffidere. See Diffident.] To be
distrustful. [Obs.]
Dr. H. More.
Dif"fi*dence (?), n. [L.
diffidentia.]
1. The state of being diffident; distrust; want of
confidence; doubt of the power, ability, or disposition of
others. [Archaic]
That affliction grew heavy upon me, and weighed me down even
to a diffidence of God's mercy.
Donne.
2. Distrust of one's self or one's own powers; lack
of self-reliance; modesty; modest reserve; bashfulness.
It is good to speak on such questions with
diffidence.
Macaulay.
An Englishman's habitual diffidence and awkwardness
of adress.
W. Irving.
Syn. -- Humility; bashfulness; distrust; suspicion; doubt;
fear; timidity; apprehension; hesitation. See Humility,
and Bashfulness.
Dif"fi*den*cy (?), n. See
Diffidence. [Obs.]
Dif"fi*dent (?), a. [L.
diffidens, -entis, p. pr. of
diffidere; dif- = dis + fidere
to trust; akin to fides faith. See Faith, and
cf. Defy.]
1. Wanting confidence in others; distrustful.
[Archaic]
You were always extremely diffident of their
success.
Melmoth.
2. Wanting confidence in one's self; distrustful of
one's own powers; not self-reliant; timid; modest; bashful;
characterized by modest reserve.
The diffident maidens,
Folding their hands in prayer.
Longfellow.
Syn. -- Distrustful; suspicious; hesitating; doubtful;
modest; bashful; lowly; reserved.
Dif"fi*dent*ly, adv. In a diffident
manner.
To stand diffidently against each other with their
thoughts in battle array.
Hobbes.
Dif*find (?), v. t. [L.
diffindere, diffissum; dif- =
findere to split.] To split.
[Obs.]
Bailey.
Dif*fine" (?), v. t. To
define. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
if*fin"i*tive (?), a. [For
definitive.] Definitive; determinate;
final. [Obs.]
Sir H. Wotton.
Dif*fis"sion (?), n. [See
Diffind.] Act of cleaving or splitting.
[R.]
Bailey.
Dif*fla"tion (?), n. [LL.
difflatio, fr. L. difflare,
difflatum, to disperse by blowing.] A
blowing apart or away. [Obs.]
Bailey.
{ Dif"flu*ence (?), Dif"flu*en*cy
(?), } n. A flowing off on all
sides; fluidity. [R.]
Dif"flu*ent (?), a. [L.
diffluens, p. pr. of diffluere to flow off;
dif- = dis- + fluere to flow.]
Flowing apart or off; dissolving; not fixed.
[R.]
Bailey.
Dif"form` (?), a. [Cf. F.
difforme, fr. L. dif- = dis- +
forma form. Cf. Deform.] Irregular
in form; -- opposed to uniform; anomalous; hence,
unlike; dissimilar; as, to difform corolla, the
parts of which do not correspond in size or proportion;
difform leaves.
The unequal refractions of difform rays.
Sir I. Newton.
Dif*form"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
difformit\'82. See Difform,
Deformity.] Irregularity of form; diversity
of form; want of uniformity. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Dif*fract" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Diffracted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Diffracting.] [L.
diffractus, p. p. of diffringere to break
in pieces; dif- = dis- + frangere to break.
See Fracture.] To break or separate into
parts; to deflect, or decompose by deflection, a/ rays of
light.
Dif*frac"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
diffraction.] (Opt.) The
deflection and decomposition of light in passing by the edges of
opaque bodies or through narrow slits, causing the appearance of
parallel bands or fringes of prismatic colors, as by the action
of a grating of fine lines or bars.
Remarked by Grimaldi (1665), and referred by him to a property
of light which he called diffraction.
Whewell.
Diffraction grating. (Optics) See
under Grating. -- Diffraction spectrum.
(Optics) See under Spectrum.
Dif*frac"tive (?), a. That
produces diffraction.
{ Dif*fran"chise (?),
Dif*fran"chise*ment (?) }. See
Disfranchise, Disfranchisement.
Dif*fus"ate (?), n.
(Chem.) Material which, in the process of
catalysis, has diffused or passed through the separating
membrane.
Dif*fuse" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Diffused
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Diffusing.] [L. diffusus, p.
p. of diffundere to pour out, to diffuse; dif- =
dis- + fundere to pour. See Fuse to
melt.] To pour out and cause to spread, as a fluid; to
cause to flow on all sides; to send out, or extend, in all
directions; to spread; to circulate; to disseminate; to scatter;
as to diffuse information.
Thence diffuse
His good to worlds and ages infinite.
Milton.
We find this knowledge diffused among all civilized
nations.
Whewell.
Syn. -- To expand; spread; circulate; extend; scatter;
disperse; publish; proclaim.
Dif*fuse", v. i. To pass by spreading
every way, to diffuse itself.
Dif*fuse" (?), a. [L.
diffusus, p. p.] Poured out; widely spread;
not restrained; copious; full; esp., of style, opposed to
concise or terse; verbose; prolix;
as, a diffuse style; a diffuse
writer.
A diffuse and various knowledge of divine and human
things.
Milton.
Syn. -- Prolix; verbose; wide; copious; full. See
Prolix.
Dif*fused" (?), a. Spread
abroad; dispersed; loose; flowing; diffuse.
It grew to be a widely diffused opinion.
Hawthorne.
-- Dif*fus"ed*ly (#),
adv. -- Dif*fus"ed*ness,
n.
Dif*fuse"ly (?), adv. In a
diffuse manner.
Dif*fuse"ness, n. The quality of being
diffuse; especially, in writing, the use of a great or excessive
number of word to express the meaning; copiousness; verbosity;
prolixity.
<-- p. 411 -->
Dif*fus"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, diffuses.
Dif*fu`si*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being diffusible; capability of being poured or spread
out.
Dif*fu"si*ble (?), a.
1. Capable of flowing or spreading in all
directions; that may be diffused.
2. (Physiol.) Capable of passing through
animal membranes by osmosis.
Dif*fu"si*ble*ness, n.
Diffusibility.
Dif*fu"sion (?), n. [L.
diffusio: cf. F. diffusion.]
1. The act of diffusing, or the state of being
diffused; a spreading; extension; dissemination; circulation;
dispersion.
A diffusion of knowledge which has undermined
superstition.
Burke.
2. (Physiol.) The act of passing by
osmosis through animal membranes, as in the distribution of
poisons, gases, etc., through the body. Unlike
absorption, diffusion may go on after death, that is,
after the blood ceases to circulate.
Syn. -- Extension; spread; propagation; circulation;
expansion; dispersion.
Dif*fu"sive (?), a. [Cf. F.
diffusif.] Having the quality of diffusing;
capable of spreading every way by flowing; spreading widely;
widely reaching; copious; diffuse. \'bdA plentiful and
diffusive perfume.\'b8
Hare.
Dif*fu"sive*ly, adv. In a diffusive
manner.
Dif*fu"sive*ness, n. The quality or
state of being diffusive or diffuse; extensiveness; expansion;
dispersion. Especially of style: Diffuseness; want of
conciseness; prolixity.
The fault that I find with a modern legend, it its
diffusiveness.
Addison.
Dif`fu*siv"i*ty (?), n.
Tendency to become diffused; tendency, as of heat, to become
equalized by spreading through a conducting medium.
Dig (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Dug (?) or Digged
(/); p. pr. & vb. n. Digging. --
Digged is archaic.] [OE.
diggen, perh. the same word as diken,
dichen (see Dike, Ditch); cf. Dan.
dige to dig, dige a ditch; or (?) akin to
E. 1st dag. ///.]
1. To turn up, or delve in, (earth) with a spade or
a hoe; to open, loosen, or break up (the soil) with a spade, or
other sharp instrument; to pierce, open, or loosen, as if with a
spade.
Be first to dig the ground.
Dryden.
2. To get by digging; as, to dig
potatoes, or gold.
3. To hollow out, as a well; to form, as a ditch,
by removing earth; to excavate; as, to dig a ditch
or a well.
4. To thrust; to poke. [Colloq.]
You should have seen children . . . dig and push
their mothers under the sides, saying thus to them: Look, mother,
how great a lubber doth yet wear pearls.
Robynson (More's Utopia).
To dig down, to undermine and cause to fall by
digging; as, to dig down a wall. -- To
dig from, out of, out, up, to get out or obtain by digging;
as, to dig coal from or out of a
mine; to dig out fossils; to dig up a tree.
The preposition is often omitted; as, the men are digging
coal, digging iron ore, digging potatoes. --
To dig in, to cover by digging; as, to dig
in manure.<-- (b) To entrench
oneself so as to give stronger resistance; -- used of
warfare. Also figuratively, esp. in the phrase to dig
in one's heels. -->
Dig, v. i.
1. To work with a spade or other like implement; to
do servile work; to delve.
Dig for it more than for hid treasures.
Job iii. 21.
I can not dig; to beg I am ashamed.
Luke xvi. 3.
2. (Mining) To take ore from its bed, in
distinction from making excavations in search of ore.
3. To work like a digger; to study ploddingly and
laboriously. [Cant, U.S.]
Dig, n.
1. A thrust; a punch; a poke; as, a
dig in the side or the ribs. See Dig,
v. t., 4. [Colloq.]
2. A plodding and laborious student.
[Cant, U.S.]
Dig"a*mist (?), n. [Gr. / =
/ twice + / to marry. Cf. Bigamist.] One
who marries a second time; a deuterogamist.
Hammond.
Di*gam"ma (?), n. [Gr. /; /
= / twice + / the letter /. So called because it resembled
two gammas placed one above the other.]
(Gr. Gram.) A letter (/, /) of the Greek
alphabet, which early fell into disuse.
{ Di*gam"mate (?), Di*gam"mated
(?), } a. Having the digamma or
its representative letter or sound; as, the Latin word
vis is a digammated form of the Greek
/.
Andrews.
Dig"a*mous (?), a. Pertaining
to a second marriage, that is, one after the death of the first
wife or the first husband.
Dig"a*my (?), n. [Gr. / a
second marriage; / = / twice + / marriage. Cf.
Bigamy.] Act, or state, of being twice
married; deuterogamy. [R.]
Di*gas"tric (?), a. [Gr. / =
/ twice + / belly: cf. F. digastrique.]
(Anat.) (a) Having two bellies;
biventral; -- applied to muscles which are fleshy at each end and
have a tendon in the middle, and esp. to the muscle which pulls
down the lower jaw. (b) Pertaining to the
digastric muscle of the lower jaw; as, the digastric
nerves.
\'d8Di*ge"ne*a (?), n.;
pl. [NL., fr. Gr. / = / twice + / race,
offspring.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of
Trematoda in which alternate generations occur, the immediate
young not resembling their parents.
Di*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Pref.
di- + genesis.] (Biol.)
The faculty of multiplying in two ways; -- by ova fecundated
by spermatic fluid, and asexually, as by buds. See
Parthenogenesis.
Dig"e*nous (?), a. [Pref.
di- + -genous.] (Biol.)
Sexually reproductive.
Digenous reproduction. (Biol.) Same
as Digenesis.
Dig"er*ent (?), . [L. digerens,
p. pr. of digerere. See Digest.]
Digesting. [Obs.]
Bailey.
Di*gest" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Digested; p.
pr. & vb. n. Digesting.] [L.
digestus, p. p. of digerere to separate,
arrange, dissolve, digest; di- = dis- +
gerere to bear, carry, wear. See Jest.]
1. To distribute or arrange methodically; to work
over and classify; to reduce to portions for ready use or
application; as, to digest the laws, etc.
Joining them together and digesting them into
order.
Blair.
We have cause to be glad that matters are so well
digested.
Shak.
2. (Physiol.) To separate (the food) in
its passage through the alimentary canal into the nutritive and
nonnutritive elements; to prepare, by the action of the digestive
juices, for conversion into blood; to convert into chyme.
3. To think over and arrange methodically in the
mind; to reduce to a plan or method; to receive in the mind and
consider carefully; to get an understanding of; to
comprehend.
Feelingly digest the words you speak in prayer.
Sir H. Sidney.
How shall this bosom multiplied digest
The senate's courtesy?
Shak.
4. To appropriate for strengthening and
comfort.
Grant that we may in such wise hear them [the Scriptures],
read, mark, learn, and inwardly digest them.
Book of Common Prayer.
5. Hence: To bear comfortably or patiently; to be
reconciled to; to brook.
I never can digest the loss of most of Origin's
works.
Coleridge.
6. (Chem.) To soften by heat and
moisture; to expose to a gentle heat in a boiler or matrass, as a
preparation for chemical operations.
7. (Med.) To dispose to suppurate, or
generate healthy pus, as an ulcer or wound.
8. To ripen; to mature. [Obs.]
Well-digested fruits.
Jer. Taylor.
9. To quiet or abate, as anger or grief.
Di*gest" (?), v. i.
1. To undergo digestion; as, food
digests well or ill.
2. (Med.) To suppurate; to generate pus,
as an ulcer.
Di"gest (?), n. [L.
digestum, pl. digesta, neut., fr.
digestus, p. p.: cf. F. digeste. See
Digest, v. t.] That which is
digested; especially, that which is worked over, classified, and
arranged under proper heads or titles; esp.
(Law), a compilation of statutes or decisions
analytically arranged. The term is applied in a general sense to
the Pandects of Justinian (see Pandect), but is also
specially given by authors to compilations of laws on particular
topics; a summary of laws; as, Comyn's Digest; the
United States Digest.
A complete digest of Hindu and Mahommedan laws
after the model of Justinian's celebrated Pandects.
Sir W. Jones.
They made a sort of institute and digest of
anarchy, called the Rights of Man.
Burke.
Di*gest"ed*ly (?), adv. In a
digested or well-arranged manner; methodically.
Di*gest"er (?), n.
1. One who digests.
2. A medicine or an article of food that aids
digestion, or strengthens digestive power.
Rice is . . . a great restorer of health, and a great
digester.
Sir W. Temple.
3. A strong closed vessel, in which bones or other
substances may be subjected, usually in water or other liquid, to
a temperature above that of boiling, in order to soften
them.
Di*gest`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being digestible.
Di*gest"i*ble (?), a. [F.
digestible, L. digestibilis.]
Capable of being digested.
Di*gest"i*ble*ness, n. The quality of
being digestible; digestibility.
Di*ges"tion (?; 106), n. [F.
digestion, L. digestio.]
1. The act or process of digesting; reduction to
order; classification; thoughtful consideration.
2. (Physiol.) The conversion of food, in
the stomach and intestines, into soluble and diffusible products,
capable of being absorbed by the blood.
3. (Med.) Generation of pus;
suppuration.
Di*gest"ive (?), a. [F.
digestif, L. digestivus.]
Pertaining to digestion; having the power to cause or
promote digestion; as, the digestive
ferments.
Digestive cheese and fruit there sure will be.
B. Jonson.
Digestive apparatus, the organs of food
digestion, esp. the alimentary canal and glands connected with
it. -- Digestive salt, the chloride of
potassium.
Di*gest"ive, n.
1. That which aids digestion, as a food or
medicine.
Chaucer.
That digestive [a cigar] had become to me as
necessary as the meal itself.
Blackw. Mag.
2. (Med.) (a) A substance
which, when applied to a wound or ulcer, promotes
suppuration. Dunglison. (b) A
tonic. [R.]
Di*gest"or (?), n. See
Digester.
Di*ges"ture (?; 135), n.
Digestion. [Obs.]
Harvey.
Dig"ga*ble (?), a. Capable of
being dug.
Dig"ger (?), n. One who, or
that which, digs.
Digger wasp (Zo\'94l.), any one of
the fossorial Hymenoptera.
Dig"gers (?), n. pl.; sing.
Digger. (Ethnol.) A
degraded tribe of California Indians; -- so called from their
practice of digging roots for food.
Dig"ging (?), n.
1. The act or the place of excavating.
2. pl. Places where ore is dug;
especially, certain localities in California, Australia, and
elsewhere, at which gold is obtained. [Recent]
3. pl. Region; locality.
[Low]
Dight (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dight Dighted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Dighting.] [OF. dihten, AS.
dihtan to dictate, command, dispose, arrange, fr. L.
dictare to say often, dictate, order; cf. G.
dichten to write poetry, fr. L. dictare.
See Dictate.]
1. To prepare; to put in order; hence, to dress, or
put on; to array; to adorn. [Archaic] \'bdShe
gan the house to dight.\'b8
Chaucer.
Two harmless turtles, dight for sacrifice.
Fairfax.
The clouds in thousand liveries dight.
Milton.
2. To have sexual intercourse with.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dight"er (?), n. One who
dights. [Obs.]
Dig"it (?), n. [L.
digitus finger; prob. akin to Gr. /, of uncertain
origin; possibly akin to E. toe. Cf.
Dactyl.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) One of the terminal
divisions of a limb appendage; a finger or toe.
The ruminants have the \'bdcloven foot,\'b8 i.
e., two hoofed digits on each foot.
Owen.
2. A finger's breadth, commonly estimated to be
three fourths of an inch.
3. (Math.) One of the ten figures or
symbols, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, by which all numbers are
expressed; -- so called because of the use of the fingers in
counting and computing.
digits.
4. (Anat.) One twelfth part of the
diameter of the sun or moon; -- a term used to express the
quantity of an eclipse; as, an eclipse of eight
digits is one which hides two thirds of the diameter of
the disk.
Dig"it, v. t. To point at or out with
the finger. [R.]
Dig"i*tal (?), a. [L.
digitals.] Of or performance to the
fingers, or to digits; done with the fingers; as,
digital compression; digital
examination.
Dig"i*ta`in (?), n. [Cf. F.
digitaline.] (a) (Med.)
Any one of several extracts of foxglove
(Digitalis), as the \'bdFrench extract,\'b8 the
\'bdGerman extract,\'b8 etc., which differ among themselves in
composition and properties. (b) (Chem.)
A supposedly distinct vegetable principle as the essential
ingredient of the extracts. It is a white, crystalline substance,
and is regarded as a glucoside.
Dig`i*ta"lis (?), n. [NL.: cf.
F. digitale. So named (according to Linn\'91us) from
its finger-shaped corolla.]
1. (Bot.) A genus of plants including
the foxglove.
2. (Med.) The dried leaves of the purple
foxglove (Digitalis purpurea), used in heart disease,
disturbance of the circulation, etc.
Dig"i*tate (?), v. t. [LL.
digitatus, p. p. of digitare, fr. L.
digitus. See Digit.] To point out
as with the finger. [R.]
Robinson (Eudoxa).
{ Dig"i*tate (?), Dig"i*ta`ted
(?) }, a. [L. digitatus
having fingers.] (Bot.) Having several
leaflets arranged, like the fingers of the hand, at the extremity
of a stem or petiole. Also, in general, characterized by
digitation. -- Dig"i*tate*ly
(#), adv.
Dig`i*ta"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
digitation.] A division into fingers or
fingerlike processes; also, a fingerlike process.
Dig"i*ti*form (?), a. [L.
digitus a finger + -form.]
Formed like a finger or fingers; finger-shaped; as, a
digitiform root.
Dig"i*ti*grade (?), a. [L.
digitus finger, toe + gradi to step, walk:
cf. F. digitigrade.] (Zo\'94l.)
Walking on the toes; -- distinguished from
plantigrade.
Dig"i*ti*grade, n. (Zo\'94l.)
An animal that walks on its toes, as the cat, lion, wolf,
etc.; -- distinguished from a plantigrade, which walks
on the palm of the foot.
Dig`i*ti*par"tite (?), a. [L.
digitus finger + partite.]
(Bot.) Parted like the fingers.
Dig"i*tize (?), v. t.
[Digit + -ize.] To finger;
as, to digitize a pen. [R.]
Sir T. Browne.
<-- computers to convert (information, a signal, an
image) into a form expressible in binary notation -->
Dig`i*to"ri*um (?), n. [NL.,
fr. L. digitus a finger.] A small dumb
keyboard used by pianists for exercising the fingers; -- called
also dumb piano.
Dig"i*tule (?), n. [L.
digitulus, dim. of digitus.]
(Zo\'94l.) A little finger or toe, or something
resembling one.
Di*gla"di*ate (?), v. i. [L.
digladiari; di- = dis- + gladius
a sword.] To fight like gladiators; to contend
fiercely; to dispute violently. [Obs.]
Digladiating like \'92schines and Demosthenes.
Hales.
Di*gla`di*a"tion (?), n. Act of
digladiating. [Obs.] \'bdSore
digladiations and contest.\'b8
Evelyn.
Di*glot"tism (?), n. [Gr. /
speaking two languages; / = / twice + / tongue. See
Glottis.] Bilingualism.
[R.]
Earle.
Di"glyph (?), n. [Gr. /; /
= / twice + / to hollow out, carve.] (Arch.)
A projecting face like the triglyph, but having only two
channels or grooves sunk in it.
Dig*na"tion (?), n. [L.
dignatio.] The act of thinking worthy;
honor. [Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.
<-- p. 412 -->
Digne (?), a. [F., fr. L.
dignus. See Design.]
1. Worthy; honorable; deserving.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
2. Suitable; adequate; fit.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
3. Haughty; disdainful. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dig`ni*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [See
Dignify.] The act of dignifying;
exaltation.
Dig"ni*fied (?), a. Marked with
dignity; stately; as, a dignified judge.
Dig"ni*fy (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dignified
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dignifying.] [OF. dignifier,
fr. LL. d//nificare; L. dignus worthy +
ficare (in comp.), facere to make. See
Deign, and Fact.] To invest with
dignity or honor; to make illustrious; to give distinction to; to
exalt in rank; to honor.
Your worth will dignity our feast.
B. Jonson.
Syn. -- To exalt; elevate; prefer; advance; honor;
illustrate; adorn; ennoble.
Dig"ni*ta*ry (?), n.; pl.
Dignitaries (#). [Cf. F.
dignitaire, fr. L. dignitas.]
One who possesses exalted rank or holds a position of
dignity or honor; especially, one who holds an ecclesiastical
rank above that of a parochial priest or clergyman.
Dig"ni*ty (?), n.; pl.
Dignities (#). [OE.
dignete, dignite, OF.
dignet\'82, dignit\'82, F.
dignit\'82, fr. L. dignitas, from
dignus worthy. See Dainty,
Deign.]
1. The state of being worthy or honorable;
elevation of mind or character; true worth; excellence.
2. Elevation; grandeur.
The dignity of this act was worth the audience of
kings.
Shak.
3. Elevated rank; honorable station; high office,
political or ecclesiastical; degree of excellence; preferment;
exaltation.
Macaulay.
And the king said, What honor and dignity hath been
done to Mordecai for this?
Esth. vi. 3.
Reuben, thou art my firstborn, . . . the excellency of
dignity, and the excellency of power.
Gen. xlix. 3.
4. Quality suited to inspire respect or reverence;
loftiness and grace; impressiveness; stateliness; -- said of
//en, manner, style, etc.
A letter written with singular energy and dignity
of thought //d language.
Macaulay.
5. One holding high rank; a dignitary.
These filthy dreamers . . . speak evil of
dignities.
Jude. 8.
6. Fundamental principle; axiom; maxim.
[Obs.]
Sciences concluding from dignities, and principles
known by themselves.
Sir T. Browne.
Syn. -- See Decorum.
To stand upon one's dignity, to have or to
affect a high notion of one's own rank, privilege, or
character.
They did not stand upon their dignity, nor give
their minds to being or to seeming as elegant and as fine as
anybody else.
R. G. White.
Dig*no"tion (?), n. [L.
dignoscere to distinguish; di- = dis- +
gnoscere, noscere, to learn to know.]
Distinguishing mark; diagnostic. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Dig"o*nous (?), a. [Gr. / =
/ double + / an angle.] Having two angles.
Smart.
Di"gram (?), n. [Gr. / = /
twice + / letter.] A digraph.
Di"graph (?), n. [Gr. / = /
twice + / a writing, / to write.] Two signs or
characters combined to express a single articulated sound; as
ea in head, or th in
bath.
Di*graph"ic (?), a. Of or
pertaining to a digraph.
H. Sweet.
Di*gress" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Digressed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Digressing.] [L. digressus,
p. p. of digredi to go apart, to deviate; di- =
dis- + gradi to step, walk. See
Grade.]
1. To step or turn aside; to deviate; to swerve;
especially, to turn aside from the main subject of attention, or
course of argument, in writing or speaking.
Moreover she beginneth to digress in latitude.
Holland.
In the pursuit of an argument there is hardly room to
digress into a particular definition as often as a man
varies the signification of any term.
Locke.
2. To turn aside from the right path; to
transgress; to offend. [R.]
Thy abundant goodness shall excuse
This deadly blot on thy digressing son.
Shak.
Di*gress", n. Digression.
[Obs.]
Fuller.
Di*gres"sion (?), n. [L.
digressio: cf. F. digression.]
1. The act of digressing or deviating, esp. from
the main subject of a discourse; hence, a part of a discourse
deviating from its main design or subject.
The digressions I can not excuse otherwise, than by
the confidence that no man will read them.
Sir W. Temple.
2. A turning aside from the right path;
transgression; offense. [R.]
Then my digression is so vile, so base,
That it will live engraven in my face.
Shak.
3. (Anat.) The elongation, or angular
distance from the sun; -- said chiefly of the inferior
planets. [R.]
Di*gres"sion*al (?), a.
Pertaining to, or having the character of, a digression;
departing from the main purpose or subject.
T. Warton.
Di*gress"ive (?), a. [Cf. F.
digressif.] Departing from the main
subject; partaking of the nature of digression.
Johnson.
Di*gress"ive*ly, adv. By way of
digression.
Digue (?), n. [F. See
Dike.] A bank; a dike.
[Obs.]
Sir W. Temple.
\'d8Di*gyn"i*a (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / = / twice + / a woman, a female.]
(Bot.) A Linn\'91an order of plants having two
styles.
{ Di*gyn"i*an (?), Dig"y*nous
(?), } a. [Cf. F.
digyne.] (Bot.) Of or pertaining
to the Digynia; having two styles.
Di*he"dral (?), a. [Gr. / =
/ twice + / a seat, bottom, base, fr. / to sit. Cf.
Diedral.] Having two plane faces; as, the
dihedral summit of a crystal.
Dihedral angle, the angular space contained
between planes which intersect. It is measured by the angle made
by any two lines at right angles to the two planes.
Di*he"dron (?), n. [See
Dihedral.] A figure with two sides or
surfaces.
Buchanan.
Di`hex*ag"o*nal (?), a. [Pref.
di- + hexagonal.] (a)
Consisting of two hexagonal parts united; thus, a
dihexagonal pyramid is composed of two hexagonal
pyramids placed base to base. (b) Having
twelve similar faces; as, a dihexagonal
prism.
Di`i*amb" (?), n. A
diiambus.
Di`i*am"bus (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. /; / = / twice + /. See Lambus.]
(Pros.) A double iambus; a foot consisting of two
iambuses (/ / / /).
Di*i"o*dide (?; 104), n. [Pref.
di- + iodine.] (Chem.)
A compound of a binary type containing two atoms of iodine;
-- called also biniodide.
Di`i*sat"o*gen (?), n. [Pref.
di- + isatine + -gen.]
(Chem.) A red crystalline nitrogenous substance
or artificial production, which by reduction passes directly to
indigo.
Di*ju"di*cant (?), n. [L.
dijudicans, p. pr.] One who
dijudicates. [R.]
Wood.
Di*ju"di*cate (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Dijudicated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dijucating
(?).] [L. dijudicatus, p. p.
of dijudicare to decide; di- = dis- +
judicare to judge.] To make a judicial
decision; to decide; to determine. [R.]
Hales.
Di*ju`di*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
dijudicatio.] The act of dijudicating;
judgment. [R.]
Cockeram.
\'d8Di"ka (?), n. [Native West
African name.] A kind of food, made from the
almondlike seeds of the Irvingia Barteri, much used by
natives of the west coast of Africa; -- called also dika
bread.
Dike (?), n. [OE.
dic, dike, diche, ditch, AS.
d/c dike, ditch; akin to D. dijk dike, G.
deich, and prob. teich pond, Icel.
d/ki dike, ditch, Dan. dige; perh. akin
to Gr. / (for /) wall, and even E. dough; or perh.
to Gr. / pool, marsh. Cf. Ditch.]
1. A ditch; a channel for water made by
digging.
Little channels or dikes cut to every bed.
Ray.
2. An embankment to prevent inundations; a
levee.
Dikes that the hands of the farmers had raised . .
.
Shut out the turbulent tides.
Longfellow.
3. A wall of turf or stone.
[Scot.]
4. (Geol.) A wall-like mass of mineral
matter, usually an intrusion of igneous rocks, filling up rents
or fissures in the original strata.
Dike, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Diked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Diking.] [OE. diken,
dichen, AS. d\'c6cian to dike. See
Dike.]
1. To surround or protect with a dike or dry bank;
to secure with a bank.
2. To drain by a dike or ditch.
Dike, v. i. To work as a ditcher; to
dig. [Obs.]
He would thresh and thereto dike and delve.
Chaucer.
Dik"er (?), n.
1. A ditcher.
Piers Plowman.
2. One who builds stone walls; usually, one who
builds them without lime. [Scot.]
Di*lac"er*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dilacerated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dilacerating
(?).] [L. dilaceratus, p. p.
of dilacerare to tear apart; di- = dis- +
lacerare to tear.] To rend asunder; to tear
to pieces.
Sir T. Browne.
Di*lac`er*a"tion (?), n. [L.
dilaceratio: cf. F. dilac\'82ration.]
The act of rending asunder.
Arbuthnot.
Di*la"ni*ate (?), v. t. [L.
dilaniatus, p. p. of dilaniare to
dilacerate; di- = dis- + laniare to tear to
pieces.] To rend in pieces; to tear.
[R.]
Howell.
Di*la`ni*a"tion (?), n. A
rending or tearing in pieces; dilaceration.
[R.]
Di*lap"i*date (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dilapidated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dilapidating
(?).] [L. dilapidare to
scatter like stones; di- = dis- + lapidare
to throw stones, fr. lapis a stone. See
Lapidary.]
1. To bring into a condition of decay or partial
ruin, by misuse or through neglect; to destroy the fairness and
good condition of; -- said of a building.
If the bishop, parson, or vicar, etc., dilapidates
the buildings, or cuts down the timber of the patrimony.
Blackstone.
2. To impair by waste and abuse; to squander.
The patrimony of the bishopric of Oxon was much
dilapidated.
Wood.
Di*lap"i*date, v. i. To get out of
repair; to fall into partial ruin; to become decayed; as, the
church was suffered to dilapidate.
Johnson.
Di*lap"i*da`ted (?), a.
Decayed; fallen into partial ruin; injured by bad usage or
neglect.
A deserted and dilapidated buildings.
Cooper.
Di*lap`i*da"tion (?), n. [L.
dilapidatio: cf. F. dilapidation.]
1. The act of dilapidating, or the state of being
dilapidated, reduced to decay, partially ruined, or
squandered.
Tell the people that are relived by the
dilapidation of their public estate.
Burke.
2. Ecclesiastical waste; impairing of church
property by an incumbent, through neglect or by intention.
The business of dilapidations came on between our
bishop and the Archibishop of York.
Strype.
3. (Law) The pulling down of a building,
or suffering it to fall or be in a state of decay.
Burrill.
Di*lap"i*da`tor (?), n. [Cf. F.
dilapidateur.] One who causes
dilapidation.
Strype.
Di*la`ta*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf.
F. dilatabilit\'82.] The quality of being
dilatable, or admitting expansion; -- opposed to
contractibility.
Ray.
Di*lat"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F.
dilatable.] Capable of expansion; that may
be dilated; -- opposed to contractible; as, the
lungs are dilatable by the force of air; air is
dilatable by heat.
Dil`a*ta"tion (?), n. [OE.
dilatacioun, F. dilatation, L.
dilatatio, fr. dilatare. See
Dilate, and cf. 2d Dilation.]
1. Prolixity; diffuse discourse.
[Obs.] \'bdWhat needeth greater
dilatation?\'b8
Chaucer.
2. The act of dilating; expansion; an enlarging on
al/ sides; the state of being dilated; dilation.
3. (Anat.) A dilation or enlargement of
a canal or other organ.
\'d8Dil`a*ta"tor (?), n. [NL.
Cf. L. dilatator a propagator.]
(Anat.) A muscle which dilates any part; a
dilator.
Di*late" (?; 277), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dilated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dilating
(?).] [L. dilatare; either
fr. di- = dis- + latus wide, not
the same word as latus, used as p. p. of
ferre to bear (see Latitude); or fr.
dilatus, used as p. p. of differre to
separate (see Delay, Tolerate, Differ,
and cf. Dilatory): cf. F. dilater.]
1. To expand; to distend; to enlarge or extend in
all directions; to swell; -- opposed to contract;
as, the air dilates the lungs; air is
dilated by increase of heat.
2. To enlarge upon; to relate at large; to tell
copiously or diffusely. [R.]
Do me the favor to dilate at full
What hath befallen of them and thee till now.
Shak.
Syn. -- To expand; swell; distend; enlarge; spread out;
amplify; expatiate.
Di*late", v. i.
1. To grow wide; to expand; to swell or extend in
all directions.
His heart dilates and glories in his strength.
Addison.
2. To speak largely and copiously; to dwell in
narration; to enlarge; -- with on or
upon.
But still on their ancient joys dilate.
Crabbe.
Di*late", a. Extensive; expanded.
[Obs.]
B. Jonson.
Di*lat"ed, a.
1. Expanded; enlarged.
Shak.
2. (Bot.) Widening into a lamina or into
lateral winglike appendages.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Having the margin wide and
spreading.
Di*lat"ed*ly, adv. In a dilated
manner.
Feltham.
Di*lat"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, dilates, expands, o r enlarges.
Di*la"tion (?), n. [L.
dilatio. See Dilatory.]
Delay. [Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
Di*la"tion, n. [From dilate,
v., cf. Dilatation, Dilator.] The
act of dilating, or the state of being dilated; expansion;
dilatation.
Mrs. Browning.
At first her eye with slow dilation rolled.
Tennyson.
A gigantic dilation of the hateful figure.
Dickens.
Di*lat"ive (?), a. Causing
dilation; tending to dilate, on enlarge; expansive.
Coleridge.
Dil`a*tom"e*ter (?), n.
[Dilate + -meter.]
(Physiol.) An instrument for measuring the
dilatation or expansion of a substance, especially of a
fluid.
Di*lat"or (?), n. [See
Dilate.]
1. One who, or that which, widens or expands.
2. (Anat.) A muscle that dilates any
part.
3. (Med.) An instrument for expanding a
part; as, a urethral dilator.
Dil"a*to*ri*ly (?), adv. With
delay; tardily.
Dil"a*to*ri*ness, n. The quality of
being dilatory; lateness; slowness; tardiness;
sluggishness.
Dil"a*to*ry (?), a. [L.
dilatorius, fr. dilator a delayer, fr.
dilatus, used as p. p. of differe to defer,
delay: cf. F. dilatoire. See Dilate,
Differ, Defer.]
1. Inclined to defer or put off what ought to be
done at once; given the procrastination; delaying;
procrastinating; loitering; as, a dilatory
servant.
2. Marked by procrastination or delay; tardy; slow;
sluggish; -- said of actions or measures.
Alva, as usual, brought his dilatory policy to bear
upon hi/ adversary.
Motley.
Dilatory plea (Law), a plea
designed to create delay in the trial of a cause, generally
founded upon some matter not connected with the merits of the
case.
Syn. -- Slow; delaying; sluggish; inactive; loitering;
behindhand; backward; procrastinating. See Slow.
Dil"do (?), n. A burden in
popular songs. [Obs.]
Delicate burthens of dildos and fadings.
Shak.
Dil"do, n. (Bot.) A columnar
cactaceous plant of the West Indies (Cereus
Swartzii).
Di*lec"tion (?), n. [L.
dilectio: dilection. See
Diligent.] Love; choice.
[Obs.]
T. Martin.
Di*lem"ma (?), n. [L.
dilemma, Gr. /; /- = / twice + / to take. See
Lemma.]
1. (Logic) An argument which presents an
antagonist with two or more alternatives, but is equally
conclusive against him, whichever alternative he chooses.
dilemma. A young rhetorician applied to an old sophist
to be taught the art of pleading, and bargained for a certain
reward to be paid when he should gain a cause. The master sued
for his reward, and the scholar endeavored to /lude his claim
by a dilemma. \'bdIf I gain my cause, I shall withhold
your pay, because the judge's award will be against you; if I
lose it, I may withhold it, because I shall not yet have gained a
cause.\'b8 \'bdOn the contrary,\'b8 says the master, \'bdif you
gain your cause, you must pay me, because you are to pay me when
you gain a cause; if you lose it, you must pay me, because the
judge will award it.\'b8
Johnson.
2. A state of things in which evils or obstacles
present themselves on every side, and it is difficult to
determine what course to pursue; a vexatious alternative or
predicament; a difficult choice or position.
A strong dilemma in a desperate case!
To act with infamy, or quit the place.
Swift.
Horns of a dilemma, alternatives, each of
which is equally difficult of encountering.
Dil"et*tant` (?), a. Of or
pertaining to dilettanteism; amateur; as, dilettant
speculation.
Carlyle.
Dil`et*tant" (?), n. A
dilettante.
Though few art lovers can be connoisseurs, many are
dilettants.
Fairholt.
\'d8Dil`et*tan"te (?), n.; pl.
Dilettanti (#). [It., prop. p. pr.
of dillettare to take delight in, fr. L.
delectare to delight. See Delight, v.
t.] An admirer or lover of the fine arts;
popularly, an amateur; especially, one who follows an art or a
branch of knowledge, desultorily, or for amusement only.
<-- p. 413 -->
The true poet is not an eccentric creature, not a mere artist
living only for art, not a dreamer or a dilettante,
sipping the nectar of existence, while he keeps aloof from its
deeper interests.
J. C. Shairp.
Dil`et*tan"te*ish (?), a.
Somewhat like a dilettante.
Dil`et*tan"te*ism (?), n. The
state or quality of being a dilettante; the desultory pursuit of
art, science, or literature.
Dil`et*tant"ish (?), a.
Dilettanteish.
Dil`et*tant"ism (?), n. Same as
Dilettanteism.
F. Harrison.
Dil"i*gence (?), n. [F.
diligence, L. diligentia.]
1. The quality of being diligent; carefulness;
careful attention; -- the opposite of
negligence.
2. Interested and persevering application; devoted
and painstaking effort to accomplish what is undertaken;
assiduity in service.
That which ordinary men are fit for, I am qualified in; and
the best of me is diligence.
Shak.
3. (Scots Law) Process by which persons,
lands, or effects are seized for debt; process for enforcing the
attendance of witnesses or the production of writings.
To do one's diligence, give
diligence, use diligence, to exert
one's self; to make interested and earnest endeavor.
And each of them doth all his diligence
To do unto the fest\'82 reverence.
Chaucer.
Syn. -- Attention; industry; assiduity; sedulousness;
earnestness; constancy; heed; heedfulness; care; caution. --
Diligence, Industry. Industry has
the wider sense of the two, implying an habitual devotion to
labor for some valuable end, as knowledge, property, etc.
Diligence denotes earnest application to some specific
object or pursuit, which more or less directly has a strong hold
on one's interests or feelings. A man may be diligent
for a time, or in seeking some favorite end, without meriting the
title of industrious. Such was the case with Fox,
while Burke was eminent not only for diligence, but
industry; he was always at work, and always looking
out for some new field of mental effort.
The sweat of industry would dry and die,
But for the end it works to.
Shak.
Diligence and accuracy are the only merits which an
historical writer ascribe to himself.
Gibbon.
\'d8Di`li*gence" (?), n.
[F.] A four-wheeled public stagecoach, used in
France.
Dil"i*gen*cy (?), n. [L.
diligentia.] Diligence; care; persevering
endeavor. [Obs.]
Milton.
Dil"i*gent (?), a. [F.
diligent, L. diligens, -entis,
p. pr. of diligere, dilectum, to esteem
highly, prefer; di- = dis- + legere to
choose. See Legend.]
1. Prosecuted with careful attention and effort;
careful; painstaking; not careless or negligent.
The judges shall make diligent inquisition.
Deut. xix. 18.
2. Interestedly and perseveringly attentive; steady
and earnest in application to a subject or pursuit; assiduous;
industrious.
Seest thou a man diligent in his business? he shall
stand before kings.
Prov. xxii. 29.
Diligent cultivation of elegant literature.
Prescott.
Syn. -- Active; assiduous; sedulous; laborious; persevering;
attentive; industrious.
Dil"i*gent*ly, adv. In a diligent
manner; not carelessly; not negligently; with industry or
assiduity.
Ye diligently keep commandments of the Lord your
God.
Deut. vi. 17.
Dill (?), n. [AS
dile; akin to D. dille, OHG.
tilli, G. dill, dille, Sw.
dill, Dan. dild.] (Bot.)
An herb (Peucedanum graveolens), the seeds of
which are moderately warming, pungent, and aromatic, and were
formerly used as a soothing medicine for children; -- called also
dill-seed.<-- now Anethum graveolens -->
Dr. Prior.
Dill, v. t. [OE. dillen, fr.
dul dull, a.] To still; to calm;
to soothe, as one in pain. [Obs.]
Dil"ling (?), n. A darling; a
favorite. [Obs.]
Whilst the birds billing,
Each one with his dilling.
Drayton.
Dil*lu"ing (?), n. (Min.)
A process of sorting ore by washing in a hand sieve.
[Written also deluing.]
Dil"ly (?), n. [Contr. fr.
diligence.] A kind of stagecoach.
\'bdThe Derby dilly.\'b8
J. H. Frere.
Dil"ly-dal`ly (?), v. i. [See
Dally.] To loiter or trifle; to waste
time.
Di*log"ic*al (?), a. Ambiguous;
of double meaning. [Obs.]
T. Adams.
Dil"o*gy (?), n.; pl.
Dilogies (#). [L.
dilogia, Gr. /, fr. / doubtful; / = / twice +
/ to speak.] (Rhet.) An ambiguous speech;
a figure in which a word is used an equivocal sense.
[R.]
Di*lu"cid (?), a. [L.
dilucidus, fr. dilucere to be light enough
to distinguish objects apart. See Lucid.]
Clear; lucid. [Obs.] Bacon. --
Di*lu"cid*ly, adv.
[Obs.] -- Di`lu*cid"i*ty (#),
n. [Obs.]
Di*lu"ci*date (?), v. t. [L.
dilucidatus, p. p. of dilucidare.]
To elucidate. [Obs.]
Boyle.
Di*lu`ci*da"tion (?), n. [L.
dilucidatio.] The act of making
clear. [Obs.]
Boyle.
Dil"u*ent (?), a. [L.
diluens, p. pr. diluere. See
Dilute.] Diluting; making thinner or weaker
by admixture, esp. of water.
Arbuthnot.
Dil"u*ent, n.
1. That which dilutes.
2. (Med.) An agent used for effecting
dilution of the blood; a weak drink.
There is no real diluent but water.
Arbuthnot.
Di*lute" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Diluted; p. pr.
& vb. n. Diluting.] [L.
dilutus, p. p. of diluere to wash away,
dilute; di- = dis- + luere, equiv. to
lavare to wash, lave. See Lave, and cf.
Deluge.]
1. To make thinner or more liquid by admixture with
something; to thin and dissolve by mixing.
Mix their watery store.
With the chyle's current, and dilute it more.
Blackmore.
2. To diminish the strength, flavor, color, etc.,
of, by mixing; to reduce, especially by the addition of water; to
temper; to attenuate; to weaken.
Lest these colors should be diluted and weakened by
the mixture of any adventitious light.
Sir I. Newton.
Di*lute" (?), v. i. To become
attenuated, thin, or weak; as, it dilutes
easily.
Di*lute" (?), a. [L.
dilutus, p. p.] Diluted; thin; weak.
A dilute and waterish exposition.
Hopkins.
Di*lut"ed (?), a. Reduced in
strength; thin; weak. -- Di*lut"ed*ly,
adv.
Di*lute"ness (?), n. The
quality or state of being dilute.
Bp. Wilkins.
Di*lut"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, dilutes or makes thin, more liquid, or weaker.
Di*lu"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
dilution.] The act of diluting, or the
state of being diluted.
Arbuthnot.
Di*lu"vi*al (?), a. [L.
diluvialis. fr. diluvium.]
1. Of or pertaining to a flood or deluge, esp. to
the great deluge in the days of Noah; diluvian.
2. (Geol.) Effected or produced by a
flood or deluge of water; -- said of coarse and imperfectly
stratified deposits along ancient or existing water courses.
Similar unstratified deposits were formed by the agency of ice.
The time of deposition has been called the Diluvian
epoch.
Di*lu"vi*al*ist, n. One who explains
geological phenomena by the Noachian deluge.
Lyell.
Di*lu"vi*an (?), a. [Cf. F.
diluvien.] Of or pertaining to a deluge,
esp. to the Noachian deluge; diluvial; as, of
diluvian origin.
Buckland.
Di*lu"vi*ate (?), v. i. [L.
diluviare.] To run as a flood.
[Obs.]
Sir E. Sandys.
Di*lu"vi*um (?), n.; pl. E.
Diluviums (#), L. Diluvia
(#). [L. diluvium. See
Dilute, Deluge.] (Geol.)
A deposit of superficial loam, sand, gravel, stones, etc.,
caused by former action of flowing waters, or the melting of
glacial ice.
alluvium.
Dim (?), a.
[Compar. Dimmer (?);
superl. Dimmest (?).]
[AS. dim; akin to OFries. dim, Icel.
dimmr: cf. MHG. timmer, timber;
of uncertain origin.]
1. Not bright or distinct; wanting luminousness or
clearness; obscure in luster or sound; dusky; darkish; obscure;
indistinct; overcast; tarnished.
The dim magnificence of poetry.
Whewell.
How is the gold become dim!
Lam. iv. 1.
I never saw
The heavens so dim by day.
Shak.
Three sleepless nights I passed in sounding on,
Through words and things, a dim and perilous way.
Wordsworth.
2. Of obscure vision; not seeing clearly; hence,
dull of apprehension; of weak perception; obtuse.
Mine eye also is dim by reason of sorrow.
Job xvii. 7.
The understanding is dim.
Rogers.
dim-eyed;
dim-sighted, etc.
Syn. -- Obscure; dusky; dark; mysterious; imperfect; dull;
sullied; tarnished.
Dim, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dimmed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dimming.]
1. To render dim, obscure, or dark; to make less
bright or distinct; to take away the luster of; to darken; to
dull; to obscure; to eclipse.
A king among his courtiers, who dims all his
attendants.
Dryden.
Now set the sun, and twilight dimmed the ways.
Cowper.
2. To deprive of distinct vision; to hinder from
seeing clearly, either by dazzling or clouding the eyes; to
darken the senses or understanding of.
Her starry eyes were dimmed with streaming
tears.
C. Pitt.
Dim, v. i. To grow dim.
J. C. Shairp.
Dim"ble (?), n. [Prob. orig., a
cavity, and the same word as dimple. See
Dimple.] A bower; a dingle.
[Obs.]
Drayton.
Dime (?), n. [F.
d\'8cme tithe, OF. disme, fr. L.
decimus the tenth, fr. decem ten. See
Decimal.] A silver coin of the United States,
of the value of ten cents; the tenth of a dollar.
Dime novel, a novel, commonly sensational and
trashy, which is sold for a dime, or ten cents.
Di*men"sion (?), n. [L.
dimensio, fr. dimensus, p. p. of
dimetiri to measure out; di- = dis- +
metiri to measure: cf. F. dimension. See
Measure.]
1. Measure in a single line, as length, breadth,
height, thickness, or circumference; extension; measurement; --
usually, in the plural, measure in length and breadth, or in
length, breadth, and thickness; extent; size; as, the
dimensions of a room, or of a ship; the
dimensions of a farm, of a kingdom.
Gentlemen of more than ordinary dimensions.
W. Irving.
Space of dimension, extension that has length
but no breadth or thickness; a straight or curved line. --
Space of two dimensions, extension which has
length and breadth, but no thickness; a plane or curved
surface. -- Space of three dimensions,
extension which has length, breadth, and thickness; a
solid. -- Space of four dimensions, as
imaginary kind of extension, which is assumed to have length,
breadth, thickness, and also a fourth imaginary dimension. Space
of five or six, or more dimensions is also sometimes assumed in
mathematics.
2. Extent; reach; scope; importance; as, a
project of large dimensions.
3. (Math.) The degree of manifoldness of
a quantity; as, time is quantity having one
dimension; volume has three dimensions,
relative to extension.
4. (Alg.) A literal factor, as numbered
in characterizing a term. The term dimensions forms
with the cardinal numbers a phrase equivalent to
degree with the ordinal; thus,
a2b2c is a term
of five dimensions, or of the fifth degree.
5. pl. (Phys.) The
manifoldness with which the fundamental units of time, length,
and mass are involved in determining the units of other physical
quantities. Thus, since the unit of velocity varies directly
as the unit of length and inversely as the unit of time, the
dimensions of velocity are said to be length
; the dimensions of work are
mass 2 2; the dimensions of density
are mass 3.
<-- dimensional lumber -->
Dimension lumber, Dimension
scantling, Dimension stock
(Carp.), lumber for building, etc., cut to the
sizes usually in demand, or to special sizes as ordered. --
Dimension stone, stone delivered from the quarry
rough, but brought to such sizes as are requisite for cutting to
dimensions given.
Di*men"sion*al (?), a.
Pertaining to dimension.
Di*men"sioned (?), a. Having
dimensions. [R.]
Di*men"sion*less (?), a.
Without dimensions; having no appreciable or noteworthy
extent.
Milton.
Di*men"si*ty (?), n.
Dimension. [R.]
Howell.
Di*men"sive (?), a. Without
dimensions; marking dimensions or the limits.
Who can draw the soul's dimensive lines?
Sir J. Davies.
\'d8Dim"e*ra (?), n. pl. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / = / twice + / part.] (Zo\'94l.)
(a) A division of Coleoptera, having two joints to
the tarsi. (b) A division of the Hemiptera,
including the aphids.
Dim"er*an (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) One of the Dimera.
Dim"er*ous (?), a. [Gr. / =
/ twice + / part.] Composed of, or having, two
parts of each kind.
dimerous flower has two sepals, two
petals, two stamens, and two pistils.
Dim"e*ter (?), a. [L.
dimeter, Gr. /; / = / twice + /
measure.] Having two poetical measures or
meters. -- n. A verse of two
meters.
Di*meth"yl (?), n. [Pref.
di- + methyl.] (Chem.)
Ethane; -- sometimes so called because regarded as
consisting of two methyl radicals. See Ethane.
Di*met"ric (?), a. [See
Dimeter, a.] (Crystallog.)
Same as Tetragonal.
Dana.
Dim`i*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
dimicatio, fr. dimicare to fight.]
A fight; contest. [Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
Di*mid"i*ate (?), a. [L.
dimidiatus, p. p. of dimidiare to halve,
fr. dimidius half. See Demi-.]
1. Divided into two equal parts; reduced to half in
shape or form.
2. (Biol.) (a) Consisting of
only one half of what the normal condition requires; having the
appearance of lacking one half; as, a dimidiate
leaf, which has only one side developed. (b)
Having the organs of one side, or half, different in
function from the corresponding organs on the other side; as,
dimidiate hermaphroditism.
Di*mid"i*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dimidiated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Dimidiating.]
1. To divide into two equal parts.
[Obs.]
Cockeram.
2. (Her.) To represent the half of; to
halve.
Di*mid`i*a"tion (?), n. [L.
dimidiatio.] The act of dimidiating or
halving; the state of being dimidiate.
Di*min"ish (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Diminished
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Diminishing.] [Pref. di- (=
L. dis-) + minish: cf. L.
diminuere, F. diminuer, OE.
diminuen. See Dis-, and
Minish.]
1. To make smaller in any manner; to reduce in bulk
or amount; to lessen; -- opposed to augment or
increase.
Not diminish, but rather increase, the debt.
Barrow.
2. To lessen the authority or dignity of; to put
down; to degrade; to abase; to weaken.
This doth nothing diminish their opinion.
Robynson (More's Utopia).
I will diminish them, that they shall no more rule
over the nations.
Ezek. xxix. 15.
O thou . . . at whose sight all the stars
Hide their diminished heads.
Milton.
3. (Mus.) To make smaller by a half
step; to make (an interval) less than minor; as, a
diminished seventh.
4. To take away; to subtract.
Neither shall ye diminish aught from it.
Deut. iv. 2.
Diminished column, one whose upper diameter is
less than the lower. -- Diminished, Diminishing, scale, a scale of
gradation used in finding the different points for drawing the
spiral curve of the volute. Gwilt. --
Diminishing rule (Arch.), a board cut
with a concave edge, for fixing the entasis and curvature of a
shaft. -- Diminishing stile (Arch.),
a stile which is narrower in one part than in another, as in
many glazed doors.
Syn. -- To decrease; lessen; abate; reduce; contract;
curtail; impair; degrade. See Decrease.
Di*min"ish, v. i. To become or appear
less or smaller; to lessen; as, the apparent size of an
object diminishes as we recede from it.
Di*min"ish*a*ble (?), a.
Capable of being diminished or lessened.
Di*min"ish*er (?), n. One who,
or that which, diminishes anything.
Clerke (1637).
Di*min"ish*ing*ly, adv. In a manner to
diminish.
Di*min"ish*ment (?), n.
Diminution. [R.]
Cheke.
Di*min`u*en"do (?), adv. [It.,
p. pr. of diminuere to diminish.]
(Mus.) In a gradually diminishing manner; with
abatement of tone; decrescendo; -- expressed on the staff by
Dim., or Dimin., or the sign.
Di*min"u*ent (?), a. [L.
diminuens, p. pr. of diminuere. See
Diminish.] Lessening.
Bp. Sanderson.
Dim`i*nu"tal (?), a. Indicating
or causing diminution.
Earle.
Dim"i*nute (?), a. Small;
diminished; diminutive. [Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.
Dim"i*nute*ly, adv. Diminutively.
[Obs.]
Dim`i*nu"tion (?), n. [L.
diminutio, or perh. rather deminutio: cf.
F. diminution. See Diminish.]
1. The act of diminishing, or of making or becoming
less; state of being diminished; reduction in size, quantity, or
degree; -- opposed to augmentation or
increase.
2. The act of lessening dignity or consideration,
or the state of being deprived of dignity; a lowering in
estimation; degradation; abasement.
The world's opinion or diminution of me.
Eikon Basilike.
Nor thinks it diminution to be ranked
In military honor next.
Philips.
<-- p. 414 -->
3. (Law) Omission, inaccuracy, or defect
in a record.
4. (Mus.) In counterpoint, the imitation
of, or reply to, a subject, in notes of half the length or value
of those the subject itself.
Syn. -- Decrease; decay; abatement; reduction; deduction;
decrement.
Di*min`u*ti"val (?), a.
Indicating diminution; diminutive.
\'bdDiminutival forms\'b8 [of words]. Earle.
-- n. A diminutive.
Earle.
Di*min"u*tive (?), a. [Cf. L.
deminutivus, F. diminutif.]
1. Below the average size; very small;
little.
2. Expressing diminution; as, a
diminutive word.
3. Tending to diminish. [R.]
Diminutive of liberty.
Shaftesbury.
Di*min"u*tive, n.
1. Something of very small size or value; an
insignificant thing.
Such water flies, diminutives of nature.
Shak.
2. (Gram.) A derivative from a noun,
denoting a small or a young object of the same kind with that
denoted by the primitive; as, gosling,
eaglet, lambkin.
Babyisms and dear diminutives.
Tennyson.
scribble.
Di*min"u*tive*ly, adv. In a diminutive
manner.
Di*min"u*tive*ness, n. The quality of
being diminutive; smallness; littleness; minuteness.
Dim"ish (?), a. See
Dimmish.
Di*mis"sion (?), n. [L.
dimissio. See Dimit, and cf.
Dismission.] Leave to depart; a
dismissing. [Obs.]
Barrow.
Dim"is*so*ry (?; 277), a. [L.
dimissorius: cf. F. dimissoire. See
Dimit.] Sending away; dismissing to another
jurisdiction; granting leave to depart.
Letters dimissory (Eccl.), letters
given by a bishop dismissing a person who is removing into
another diocese, and recommending him for reception
there.
Hook.
Di*mit" (?), v. t. [L.
dimittere to send away, le/ go; di- =
dis- + mittere to send. See
Dismiss.] To dismiss, let go, or
release. [Obs.]
Dim"i*ty (?), n. [Prob. fr. Gr.
/ of double thread, dimity; / = / twice + / a thread of
the warp; prob. through D. diemet, of F.
dimite, d\'82mitte. Cf.
Samite.] A cotton fabric employed for
hangings and furniture coverings, and formerly used for women's
under-garments. It is of many patterns, both plain and twilled,
and occasionally is printed in colors.
Dim"ly, adv. In a dim or obscure manner;
not brightly or clearly; with imperfect sight.
{ Dim"mish (?), Dim"my
(?), } a. Somewhat dim; as,
dimmish eyes. \'bdDimmy
clouds.\'b8
Sir P. Sidney.
Dim"ness, n. [AS.
dimness.]
1. The state or quality / being dim; lack of
brightness, clearness, or distinctness; dullness;
obscurity.
2. Dullness, or want of clearness, of vision or of
intellectual perception.
Dr. H. More.
Syn. -- Darkness; obscurity; gloom. See
Darkness.
Di"morph` (?), n. [Gr. /
two-formed; / twice (see Di-) + / form.]
(Crystallog.) Either one of the two forms of a
dimorphous substance; as, calcite and aragonite are
dimorphs.
Di*mor"phic (?), a. Having the
property of dimorphism; dimorphous.
Di*mor"phism (?), n. [Cf. F.
dimorphisme.]
1. (Biol.) Difference of form between
members of the same species, as when a plant has two kinds of
flowers, both hermaphrodite (as in the partridge berry), or when
there are two forms of one or both sexes of the same species of
butterfly.
Dimorphism is the condition of the appearance of
the same species under two dissimilar forms.
Darwin.
2. (Crystallog.) Crystallization in two
independent forms of the same chemical compound, as of calcium
carbonate as calcite and aragonite.
Di*mor"phous (?), a. [Cf. F.
dimorphe.]
1. (Biol.) Characterized by dimorphism;
occurring under two distinct forms, not dependent on sex;
dimorphic.
2. (Crystallog.) Crystallizing under two
forms fundamentally different, while having the same chemical
composition.
Dim"ple (?), n. [Prob. a
nasalized dim. of dip. See Dip, and cf.
Dimble.]
1. A slight natural depression or indentation on
the surface of some part of the body, esp. on the cheek or
chin.
Milton.
The dimple of her chin.
Prior.
2. A slight indentation on any surface.
The garden pool's dark surface . . .
Breaks into dimples small and bright.
Wordsworth.
Dim"ple, v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Dimpled (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Dimpling (?).] To
form dimples; to sink into depressions or little
inequalities.
And smiling eddies dimpled on the main.
Dryden.
Dim"ple, v. t. To mark with dimples or
dimplelike depressions.
Shak.
Dim"ple*ment (?), n. The state
of being dimpled, or marked with gentle depressions.
[R.]
The ground's most gentle dimplement.
Mrs. Browning.
Dim"ply (?), a. Full of
dimples, or small depressions; dimpled; as, the
dimply pool.
Thomson.
Dim"-sight`ed (?), a. Having
dim sight; lacking perception. --
Dim"-sight`ed*ness, n.
\'d8Dim"y*a (?), Dim`y*a"ri*a
(/), n.; pl. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / = / + / to close.] (Zo\'94l.)
An order of lamellibranchiate mollusks having an anterior
and posterior adductor muscle, as the common clam. See
Bivalve.
Dim`y*a"ri*an (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the Dimya.
-- n. One of the Dimya.
Dim"y*a*ry (?), a. & n.
(Zo\'94l.) Same as Dimyarian.
Din (?), n. [AS.
dyne, dyn; akin to Icel. dynr,
and to AS. dynian to resound, Icel. dynja
to pour down like hail or rain; cf. Skr. dhuni
roaring, a torrent, dhvan to sound. Cf. Dun
to ask payment.] Loud, confused, harsh noise; a loud,
continuous, rattling or clanging sound; clamor; roar.
Think you a little din can daunt mine ears?
Shak.
He knew the battle's din afar.
Sir W. Scott.
The dust and din and steam of town.
Tennyson.
Din, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dinned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dinning.] [AS. dynian. See
Din, n.]
1. To strike with confused or clanging sound; to
stun with loud and continued noise; to harass with clamor;
as, to din the ears with cries.
2. To utter with a din; to repeat noisily; to
ding.
This hath been often dinned in my ears.
Swift.
To din into, to fix in the mind of another by
frequent and noisy repetitions.
Sir W. Scott.
Din, v. i. To sound with a din; a
ding.
The gay viol dinning in the dale.
A. Seward.
Di*naph"thyl (?), n. [Pref.
di- + naphthylene.]
(Chem.) A colorless, crystalline hydrocarbon,
C20H14, obtained from naphthylene, and
consisting of a doubled naphthylene radical.
Di"nar (?), n. [Ar.
d/n\'ber, from Gr. /, fr. L. denarius.
See Denier.]
1. A petty money of accounts of Persia.
2. An ancient gold coin of the East.
Di"nar*chy (?), n. See
Diarchy.
Dine (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Dined (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Dining.] [F.
d\'8cner, OF. disner, LL.
disnare, contr. fr. an assumed disjunare;
dis- + an assumed junare (OF.
juner) to fast, for L. jejunare, fr.
jejunus fasting. See Jejune, and cf.
Dinner, D/jeuner.] To eat the
principal regular meal of the day; to take dinner.
Now can I break my fast, dine, sup, and sleep.
Shak.
To dine with Duke Humphrey, to go without
dinner; -- a phrase common in Elizabethan literature, said to be
from the practice of the poor gentry, who beguiled the dinner
hour by a promenade near the tomb of Humphrey, Duke of
Gloucester, in Old Saint Paul's.
Dine, v. t.
1. To give a dinner to; to furnish with the chief
meal; to feed; as, to dine a hundred men.
A table massive enough to have dined Johnnie
Armstrong and his merry men.
Sir W. Scott.
2. To dine upon; to have to eat.
[Obs.] \'bdWhat will ye dine.\'b8
Chaucer.
Din"er (?), n. One who
dines.
Din"er-out` (?), n. One who
often takes his dinner away from home, or in company.
A brilliant diner-out, though but a curate.
Byron.
Di*net"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. /
to whirl round.] Revolving on an axis.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Ding (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dinged (?),
Dang (Obs.), or Dung
(Obs.); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dinging.] [OE. dingen,
dengen; akin to AS. dencgan to knock, Icel.
dengja to beat, hammer, Sw. d\'84nga, G.
dengeln.]
1. To dash; to throw violently.
[Obs.]
To ding the book a coit's distance from him.
Milton.
2. To cause to sound or ring.
To ding (anything) in one's ears, to impress
one by noisy repetition, as if by hammering.
Ding, v. i.
1. To strike; to thump; to pound.
[Obs.]
Diken, or delven, or dingen upon sheaves.
Piers Plowman.
2. To sound, as a bell; to ring; to clang.
The fretful tinkling of the convent bell evermore
dinging among the mountain echoes.
W. Irving.
3. To talk with vehemence, importunity, or
reiteration; to bluster. [Low]
Ding, n. A thump or stroke, especially
of a bell.
Ding"dong` (?), n. [See
Ding.]
1. The sound of, or as of, repeated strokes on a
metallic body, as a bell; a repeated and monotonous sound.
2. (Horol.) An attachment to a clock by
which the quarter hours are struck upon bells of different
tones.
{ Din"gey (?), Din"gy,
Din"ghy }, n. [Bengalee
dingi.]
1. A kind of boat used in the East Indies.
[Written also dinghey.]
Malcom.
2. A ship's smallest boat.
Din"gi*ly (?), adv. In a dingy
manner.
Din"gi*ness, n. Quality of being dingy;
a dusky hue.
Din"gle (?), n. [Of uncertain
origin: cf. AS. ding prison; or perh. akin to
dimble.] A narrow dale; a small dell; a
small, secluded, and embowered valley.
Din"gle-dan`gle (?), adv. In a
dangling manner.
Din"go (?), n. (Zo\'94l.)
A wild dog found in Australia, but supposed to have
introduced at a very early period. It has a wolflike face, bushy
tail, and a reddish brown color.
Ding"thrift` (?), n. A
spendthrift. [Obs.]
Wilt thou, therefore, a drunkard be,
A dingthrift and a knave?
Drant.
Din"gy (?), a.
[Compar. Dingier (?);
superl. Dingiest.] [Prob.
fr. dung. Cf. Dungy.] Soiled;
sullied; of a dark or dusky color; dark brown; dirty.
\'bdScraps of dingy paper.\'b8
Macaulay.
\'d8Di*nich"thys (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / terrible + / fish.] (Paleon.)
A genus of large extinct Devonian ganoid fishes. In some
parts of Ohio remains of the Dinichthys are abundant, indicating
animals twenty feet in length.
Din"ing (?), n. & a. from
Dine, a.
dining hall or dining-hall,
dining room, dining table, etc.
Dink (?), a. [Etymol.
uncertain.] Trim; neat. [Scot.]
Burns. -- Dink"ly,
adv.
Dink, v. t. To deck; -- often with
out or up. [Scot.]
Din"mont (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) A wether sheep between one and two
years old. [Scot.]
Din"ner (?), n. [F.
d\'8cner, fr. d\'8cner to dine. See
Dine.]
1. The principal meal of the day, eaten by most
people about midday, but by many (especially in cities) at a
later hour.
2. An entertainment; a feast.
A grand political dinner.
Tennyson.
Dinner is much used, in an obvious sense,
either adjectively or as the first part of a compound; as,
dinner time, or dinner-time,
dinner bell, dinner hour, etc.
Din"ner*less, a. Having no dinner.
Fuller.
Din"ner*ly, a. Of or pertaining to
dinner. [R.]
The dinnerly officer.
Copley.
\'d8Di*noc"e*ras (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / terrible + /, /, horn.]
(Paleon.) A genus of large extinct Eocene mammals
from Wyoming; -- called also Uintatherium. See
Illustration in Appendix.
\'d8Di*nor"nis (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / terrible + / bird.] (Paleon.)
A genus of extinct, ostrichlike birds of gigantic size,
which formerly inhabited New Zealand. See Moa.
[Written also Deinornis.]
{ Di"no*saur (?), Di`no*sau"ri*an
(?), } n. [Gr. / terrible + /
lizard.] (Paleon.) One of the
Dinosauria. [Written also deinosaur, and
deinosaurian.]
\'d8Di`no*sau"ri*a (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / terrible + / lizard.]
(Paleon.) An order of extinct mesozoic reptiles,
mostly of large size (whence the name). Notwithstanding their
size, they present birdlike characters in the skeleton, esp. in
the pelvis and hind limbs. Some walked on their three-toed hind
feet, thus producing the large \'bdbird tracks,\'b8 so-called, of
mesozoic sandstones; others were five-toed and quadrupedal. See
Illust. of Compsognathus, also
Illustration of Dinosaur in Appendix.
{ Di"no*there (?),
\'d8Di`no*the"ri*um (?), } n.
[NL. dinotherium, fr. Gr. / terrible + /
beast.] (Paleon.) A large extinct
proboscidean mammal from the miocene beds of Europe and Asia. It
is remarkable fora pair of tusks directed downward from the
decurved apex of the lower jaw.
Din*ox"ide (?), n.
(Chem.) Same as Dioxide.
Din"some (?), a. Full of
din. [Scot.]
Burns.
Dint (?), n. [OE.
dint, dent, dunt, a blow, AS.
dynt; akin to Icel. dyntr a dint,
dynta to dint, and perh. to L. fendere (in
composition). Cf. 1st Dent, Defend.]
1. A blow; a stroke. [Obs.]
\'bdMortal dint.\'b8 Milton. \'bdLike
thunder's dint.\'b8
Fairfax.
2. The mark left by a blow; an indentation or
impression made by violence; a dent.
Dryden.
Every dint a sword had beaten in it [the
shield].
Tennyson.
3. Force; power; -- esp. in the phrase by dint
of.
Now you weep; and, I perceive, you feel
The dint of pity.
Shak.
It was by dint of passing strength
That he moved the massy stone at length.
Sir W. Scott.
Dint, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dinted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Dinting.] To make a mark or cavity on
or in, by a blow or by pressure; to dent.
Donne. Tennyson.
Di*nu`mer*a"tion (?), n. [L.
dinumeratio; di- = dis- +
numerare to count, fr. numerus
number.] Enumeration. [Obs.]
Bullokar.
Di*oc"e*san (?; 277), a. [LL.
dioecesanus: cf. F. dioc\'82sain.]
Of or pertaining to a diocese; as, diocesan
missions.
Di*oc"e*san, n.
1. A bishop, viewed in relation to his diocese;
as, the diocesan of New York.
2. pl. The clergy or the people of a
diocese.
Strype.
Di"o*cese (?), n.; pl.
Dioceses (#). [OE.
diocise, OF. diocise, F.
dioc\'82se, L. dioecesis, fr. Gr. /
housekeeping, administration, a province, a diocese, fr. / to
keep house, manage; / through + / to manage a household, /
a house. See Economy.] (Eccl.) The
circuit or extent of a bishop's jurisdiction; the district in
which a bishop exercises his ecclesiastical authority.
[Frequently, but improperly, spelt
diocess.]
Di`o*ce"se*ner (?), n. One who
belongs to a diocese. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Di"o*don (?), n. [Gr. / = /
twice + /, /, a tooth: cf. F. diodon.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of spinose,
plectognath fishes, having the teeth of each jaw united into a
single beaklike plate. They are able to inflate the body by
taking in air or water, and, hence, are called
globefishes, swellfishes, etc.
fishes, and sea hedgehogs.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of whales.
Di"o*dont (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Like or pertaining to the genus
Diodon. -- n. A fish of the genus
Diodon, or an allied genus.
<-- p. 415 -->
\'d8Di*\'d2"ci*a (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / = / twice + / a house.]
1. (Bot.) A Linn\'91an class of plants
having the stamens and pistils on different plants.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A subclass of gastropod
mollusks in which the sexes are separate. It includes most of the
large marine species, like the conchs, cones, and cowries.
{ Di*\'d2"cian (?), Di*\'d2"cious
(?), } a. (Biol.)
Having the sexes in applied to plants in which the female
flowers occur on one individual and the male flowers on another
of the same species, and to animals in which the ovum is produced
by one individual and the sperm cell by another; -- opposed to
mon\'d2cious.
Di*\'d2"cious*ly, adv. (Biol.)
In a di\'d2cious manner.
Di\'d2ciously hermaphrodite (Bot.),
having flowers structurally perfect, but practically
di\'d2cious, -- those on one plant producing no pollen, and those
on another no ovules.
Di*\'d2"cious*ness, n. (Biol.)
The state or quality of being di\'d2cious.
Di*\'d2"cism (?), n.
(Biol.) The condition of being di\'d2cious.
Di*og"e*nes (?), n. A Greek
Cynic philosopher (412?-323 B. C.) who lived much in
Athens and was distinguished for contempt of the common aims and
conditions of life, and for sharp, caustic sayings.
Diogenes' crab (Zo\'94l.), a
species of terrestrial hermit crabs (Cenobita
Diogenes), abundant in the West Indies and often
destructive to crops. -- Diogenes' tub, the
tub which the philosopher Diogenes is said to have carried about
with him as his house, in which he lived.
Di*oi"cous (?), a. See
Di\'d2cious.
\'d8Di*om`e*de"a (?), n.
[NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of large sea
birds, including the albatross. See Albatross.
\'d8Di`o*n\'91"a (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / a name of Aphrodite.] (Bot.) An
insectivorous plant. See Venus's flytrap.
Di`o*ny"sian (?), a. Relating
to Dionysius, a monk of the 6th century; as, the
Dionysian, or Christian, era.
Dionysian period, a period of 532 years,
depending on the cycle of the sun, or 28 years, and the cycle of
the moon, or 19 years; -- sometimes called the Greek paschal
cycle, or Victorian period.
Di`o*phan"tine (?), a.
Originated or taught by Diophantus, the Greek writer on
algebra.
Diophantine analysis (Alg.), that
branch of indeterminate analysis which has for its object the
discovery of rational values that satisfy given equations
containing squares or cubes; as, for example, to find values of
x and y which make x2 +
y2 an exact square.
Di*op"side (?), n. [Gr. / =
/ twice + / a sight, fr. the root of / I shall see: cf. F.
diopside.] (Min.) A crystallized
variety of pyroxene, of a clear, grayish green color;
mussite.
Di*op"tase (?), n. [Gr. / =
/ through + / to see: cf. F. dioptase.]
(Min.) A hydrous silicate of copper, occurring in
emerald-green crystals.
{ Di*op"ter (?), \'d8Di*op"tra
(?), } n. [L. dioptra,
fr. Gr. /. See 2d Dioptric.] An optical
instrument, invented by Hipparchus, for taking altitudes,
leveling, etc.
\'d8Di*op"tre (?), n. [F. See
2d Dioptric.] (Optics) A unit
employed by oculists in numbering glasses according to the metric
system; a refractive power equal to that of a glass whose
principal focal distance is one meter.
Di*op"tric (?), a.
(Optics) Of or pertaining to the dioptre, or to
the metric system of numbering glasses. --
n. A dioptre. See
Dioptre.
{ Di*op"tric (?), Di*op"tric*al
(?), } a. [Gr. / belonging to
the use of the /; / = / through + the root of / I shall
see: cf. F. dioptrique.] Of or pertaining
to dioptrics; assisting vision by means of the refraction of
light; refractive; as, the dioptric system; a
dioptric glass or telescope.
\'bdDioptrical principles.\'b8
Nichol.
Dioptric curve (Geom.), a Cartesian
oval. See under Cartesian.
Di*op"trics (?), n. [Gr. /
/: cf. F. dioptrique.] (Optics)
The science of the refraction of light; that part of
geometrical optics which treats of the laws of the refraction of
light in passing from one medium into another, or through
different mediums, as air, water, or glass, and esp. through
different lenses; -- distinguished from catoptrics,
which refers to reflected light.
Di*op"try (?), n.
(Optics) A dioptre.
Di`o*ra"ma (?), n. [Gr. / to
see through; / = / through + / to see; cf. / that which
is seen, a sight: cf. F. diorama. Cf.
Panorama.]
1. A mode of scenic representation, invented by
Daguerre and Bouton, in which a painting is seen from a distance
through a large opening. By a combination of transparent and
opaque painting, and of transmitted and reflected light, and by
contrivances such as screens and shutters, much diversity of
scenic effect is produced.
2. A building used for such an exhibition.
Di`o*ram"ic (?), a. Pertaining
to a diorama.
Di"o*rism (?), n. [Gr. /, fr.
/ to distinguish; / = / through + / to divide from, fr.
/ a boundary.] Definition; logical direction.
[Obs.]
Dr. H. More.
Di`o*ris"tic (?), a. [Gr.
/.] Distinguishing; distinctive; defining.
[R.] -- Di`o*ris"tic*al*ly
(#), adv. [R.]
Dr. H. More.
Di"o*rite (?), n. [Cf. F.
diorite. See Diorism.]
(Min.) An igneous, crystalline in structure,
consisting essentially of a triclinic feldspar and hornblende. It
includes part of what was called greenstone.
Di`o*rit"ic (?), a. Containing
diorite.
Di`or*thot"ic (?), a. [Gr. /;
/ = / + / to set straight.] Relating to the
correcting or straightening out of something; corrective.
\'d8Di`os*co"re*a (?), n. [NL.
Named after Dioscorides the Greek physician.]
(Bot.) A genus of plants. See Yam.
\'d8Di*o"ta (?), n. [L., fr.
Gr. / two-handled; / = / twice + /, /, ear,
handle.] (Rom. Antiq.) A vase or drinking
cup having two handles or ears.
Di*ox"ide (?; 104), n. [Pref.
di- + oxide.] (Chem.)
(a) An oxide containing two atoms of oxygen in each
molecule; binoxide. (b) An oxide containing
but one atom or equivalent of oxygen to two of a metal; a
suboxide. [Obs.]
Carbon dioxide. See Carbonic
acid, under Carbonic.
Di`ox*in"dol (?), n. [Pref.
di- + oxygen + indol.]
(Chem.) A white, crystalline, nitrogenous
substance obtained by the reduction of isatin. It is a member of
the indol series; -- hence its name.
Dip (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Dipped (?) or Dipt
(/); p. pr. & vb. n. Dipping.]
[OE. dippen, duppen, AS.
dyppan; akin to Dan. dyppe, Sw.
doppa, and to AS. d/pan to baptize, OS.
d/pian, D. doopen, G. taufen,
Sw. d\'94pa, Goth. daupjan, Lith.
dubus deep, hollow, OSlav. dupl/ hollow,
and to E. dive. Cf. Deep,
Dive.]
1. To plunge or immerse; especially, to put for a
moment into a liquid; to insert into a fluid and withdraw
again.
The priest shall dip his finger in the blood.
Lev. iv. 6.
[Wat'ry fowl] now dip their pinions in the briny
deep.
Pope.
While the prime swallow dips his wing.
Tennyson.
2. To immerse for baptism; to baptize by
immersion.
Book of Common Prayer. Fuller.
3. To wet, as if by immersing; to moisten.
[Poetic]
A cold shuddering dew
Dips me all o'er.
Milton.
4. To plunge or engage thoroughly in any
affair.
He was . . . dipt in the rebellion of the
Commons.
Dryden.
5. To take out, by dipping a dipper, ladle, or
other receptacle, into a fluid and removing a part; -- often with
out; as, to dip water from a boiler; to
dip out water.
6. To engage as a pledge; to mortgage.
[Obs.]
Live on the use and never dip thy lands.
Dryden.
Dipped candle, a candle made by repeatedly
dipping a wick in melted tallow. -- To dip snuff,
to take snuff by rubbing it on the gums and teeth.
[Southern U. S.] -- To dip the colors
(Naut.), to lower the colors and return them to
place; -- a form of naval salute.
Dip, v. i.
1. To immerse one's self; to become plunged in a
liquid; to sink.
The sun's rim dips; the stars rush out.
Coleridge.
2. To perform the action of plunging some
receptacle, as a dipper, ladle. etc.; into a liquid or a soft
substance and removing a part.
Whoever dips too deep will find death in the
pot.
L'Estrange.
3. To pierce; to penetrate; -- followed by
in or into.
When I dipt into the future.
Tennyson.
4. To enter slightly or cursorily; to engage one's
self desultorily or by the way; to partake limitedly; -- followed
by in or into. \'bdDipped
into a multitude of books.\'b8
Macaulay.
5. To incline downward from the plane of the
horizon; as, strata of rock dip.
6. To dip snuff. [Southern U.S.]
Dip, n.
1. The action of dipping or plunging for a moment
into a liquid. \'bdThe dip of oars in
unison.\'b8
Glover.
2. Inclination downward; direction below a
horizontal line; slope; pitch.
3. A liquid, as a sauce or gravy, served at table
with a ladle or spoon. [Local, U.S.]
Bartlett.
4. A dipped candle. [Colloq.]
Marryat.
Dip of the horizon (Astron.), the
angular depression of the seen or visible horizon below the true
or natural horizon; the angle at the eye of an observer between a
horizontal line and a tangent drawn from the eye to the surface
of the ocean. -- Dip of the needle, Magnetic dip, the angle formed, in a
vertical plane, by a freely suspended magnetic needle, or the
line of magnetic force, with a horizontal line; -- called also
inclination. -- Dip of a
stratum (Geol.), its greatest angle of
inclination to the horizon, or that of a line perpendicular to
its direction or strike; -- called also the
pitch.
Di*pas"chal (?), a. [Pref.
di- + paschal.] Including two
passovers.
Carpenter.
Dip"chick` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) See Dabchick.
Di*pet"al*ous (?), a. [Pref.
di- + petalous.] (Bot.)
Having two petals; two-petaled.
Di*phe"nyl (?), n. [Pref.
di- + phenyl.] (Chem.)
A white crystalline substance, C6H5.C6H5,
obtained by leading benzene through a heated iron tube. It
consists of two benzene or phenyl radicals united.
Diph*the"ri*a (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. / leather (hence taken in the sense of
membrane): cf. / to make soft, L. depsere
to knead.] (Med.) A very dangerous
contagious disease in which the air passages, and especially the
throat, become coated with a false membrane, produced by the
solidification of an inflammatory exudation. Cf.
Group.
{ Diph*the"ri*al (?),
Diph*ther"ic (?), } a.
Relating to diphtheria; diphtheritic.
Diph`the*rit"ic (?), a.
(Med.)
1. Pertaining to, or connected with,
diphtheria.
2. Having characteristics resembling those of
diphtheria; as, diphtheritic inflammation of the
bladder.
Diph"thong (?; 115, 277), n.
[L. diphthongus, Gr. /; / = / twice + /
voice, sound, fr. / to utter a sound: cf. F.
diphthongue.] (Ortho\'89py)
(a) A coalition or union of two vowel sounds
pronounced in one syllable; as, ou in out,
oi in noise; -- called a proper
diphthong. (b) A vowel digraph; a
union of two vowels in the same syllable, only one of them being
sounded; as, ai in rain, eo in
people; -- called an improper
diphthong.
Diph"thong, v. t. To form or pronounce
as a diphthong; diphthongize. [R.]
Diph*thon"gal (?; 115), a.
Relating or belonging to a diphthong; having the nature of a
diphthong. -- Diph*thon"gal*ly,
adv.
Diph*thon"gal*ize (?; 115), v. t.
To make into a diphthong; to pronounce as a diphthong.
Diph`thon*ga"tion (?), n. See
Diphthongization.
Diph*thong"ic (?; 115), a. Of
the nature of diphthong; diphthongal.
H. Sweet.
Diph`thong*i*za"tion (?), n.
The act of changing into a diphthong.
H. Sweet.
Diph"thong*ize (?), v. t. & i.
To change into a diphthong, as by affixing another vowel to
a simple vowel. \'bdThe diphthongized long
vowels.\'b8
H. Sweet.
Diph`y*cer"cal (?), a. [Gr. /
double (/ = / twice + / to produce) + / tail.]
(Anat.) Having the tail fin divided into two
equal parts by the notochord, or end of the vertebral column;
protocercal. See Protocercal.
Diph`y*gen"ic (?), a. [Gr. /
of doubl/ from + -genic.]
(Zo\'94l.) Having two modes of embryonic
development.
Diph"yl*lous (?), a. [Gr. / =
/ twice + / leaf: cf. F. diphylle.]
(Bot.) Having two leaves, as a calyx, etc.
Diph"y*o*dont (?), a. [Gr. /
double (/ = / twice + / to produce) + /, /,
tooth.] (Anat.) Having two successive sets
of teeth (deciduous and permanent), one succeeding the other;
as, a diphyodont mammal; diphyodont
dentition; -- opposed to monophyodont.
-- n. An animal having two successive sets
of teeth.
Diph`y*o*zo"oid (?), n. [Gr.
/ of double from + E. zooid.]
(Zo\'94l.) One of the free-swimming sexual zooids
of Siphonophora.
Di*pla"nar (?), a. [Pref.
di- + plane.] (Math.)
Of or pertaining to two planes.
Di*plei"do*scope (?), n. [Gr.
/ double + / image + -scope.]
(Astron.) An instrument for determining the time
of apparent noon. It consists of two mirrors and a plane glass
disposed in the form of a prism, so that, by the reflections of
the sun's rays from their surfaces, two images are presented to
the eye, moving in opposite directions, and coinciding at the
instant the sun's center is on the meridian.
Dip`lo*blas"tic (?), a. [Gr.
/ doublet + -blast + -ic.] (Biol.)
Characterizing the ovum when it has two primary germinal
layers.
Dip`lo*car"di*ac (?), a. [Gr.
/ double + E. cardiac.] (Anat.)
Having the heart completely divided or double, one side
systemic, the other pulmonary.
\'d8Dip`lo*coc"cus (?), n.; pl.
Diplococci (#). [NL., fr. Gr. /
twofold + / grain, seed.] (Biol.) A form
of micrococcus in which cocci are united in a binary manner. See
Micrococcus.
\'d8Dip"lo*\'89 (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / fold, fr. / twofold, double.]
(Anat.) The soft, spongy, or cancellated
substance between the plates of the skull.
Dip`lo*et"ic (?), a.
(Anat.) Diploic.
Dip`lo*gen"ic (?), a. [Gr. /
double + the root of / to produce.] Partaking of the
nature of two bodies; producing two substances.
Wright.
Di*plo"ic (?), a. (Anat.)
Of or pertaining to the diplo\'89.
Dip"loid (?), n. [Gr. /
twofold + -oid.] (Crystallog.) A
solid bounded by twenty-four similar quadrilateral faces. It is a
hemihedral form of the hexoctahedron.
Di*plo"ma (?), n.; pl.
Diplomas (#). [L., fr. Gr. /,
fr. / to double, fr. / twofold. See Double.]
A letter or writing, usually under seal, conferring some
privilege, honor, or power; a document bearing record of a degree
conferred by a literary society or educational institution.
Di*plo"ma*cy (?), n. [F.
diplomatie. This word, like supremacy,
retains the accent of its original. See Diploma.]
1. The art and practice of conducting negotiations
between nations (particularly in securing treaties), including
the methods and forms usually employed.
2. Dexterity or skill in securing advantages;
tact.
3. The body of ministers or envoys resident at a
court; the diplomatic body. [R.]
Burke.
{ Dip"lo*mat (?), Dip"lo*mate
(?) }, n. [F.
diplomate.] A diplomatist.
Dip"lo*mate (?), v. t. To
invest with a title o/ privilege by diploma.
[R.]
Wood.
Dip`lo*ma"tial (?), a.
Diplomatic. [R.]
{ Dip`lo*mat"ic (?),
Dip`lo*mat"ic*al (?), } a.
[Cf. diplomatique.]
1. Pertaining to diplomacy; relating to the foreign
ministers at a court, who are called the diplomatic
body.
2. Characterized by tact and shrewdness; dexterous;
artful; as, diplomatic management.
3. Pertaining to diplomatics; paleographic.
Astle.
Dip`lo*mat"ic, n. A minister, official
agent, or envoy to a foreign court; a diplomatist.
Dip`lo*mat"ic*al*ly, adv. According to
the rules of diplomacy; in the manner of a diplomatist;
artfully.
Dip`lo*mat"ic (?), n. The
science of diplomas, or the art of deciphering ancient writings,
and determining their age, authenticity, etc.; paleography.
Di*plo"ma*tism (?), n.
Diplomacy. [R.]
Di*plo"ma*tist (?), n. [Cf. F.
diplomatiste a student of diplomatics.] A
person employed in, or skilled in, diplomacy; a diplomat.
In ability, Avaux had no superior among the numerous able
diplomatics whom his country then possessed.
Macaulay.
{ \'d8Di*plo"pi*a (?), Dip"lo*py
(?), } n. [NL.
diplopia, from Gr. / double + the root of / sight:
cf. F. diplopie.] (Med.) The act
or state of seeing double.
crossed or heteronymous
diplopia the image seen by the right eye is upon the left
hand, and that seen by the left eye is upon the right hand. In
homonymous diplopia the image seen by the right eye is
on the right side, that by the left eye on the left side. In
vertical diplopia one image stands above the
other.
<-- p. 416 -->
Dip"lo*pod (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) One of the Diplopoda.
\'d8Di*plop"o*da (?), n. pl.
[Gr. / double + -poda.]
(Zo\'94l.) An order of myriapods having two pairs
of legs on each segment; the Chilognatha.
Dip`lo*stem"o*nous (?), a. [Gr.
/ double + / the warp, a thread.] (Bot.)
Having twice as many stamens as petals, as the
geranium.
R. Brown.
Dip`lo*stem"o*ny (?), n.
(Bot.) The condition of being
diplostemonous.
\'d8Dip*neu"mo*na (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / = / lung.] (Zo\'94l.)
A group of spiders having only two lunglike organs.
[Written also Dipneumones.]
\'d8Dip"no*i (?), n. pl. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / / with two breathing apertures; / = / twice +
/ breath.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of ganoid
fishes, including the living genera Ceratodus and
Lepidosiren, which present the closest approximation
to the Amphibia. The air bladder acts as a lung, and the nostrils
open inside the mouth. See Ceratodus, and
Illustration in Appendix.
Dip"o*dy (?), n.; pl.
Dipodies (#). [Gr. /, fr. /
two-footed; / = / twice + /, /, foot.]
(Pros.) Two metrical feet taken together, or
included in one measure.
Hadley.
Trochaic, iambic, and anapestic verses . . . are measured by
dipodies.
W. W. Goodwin.
Di*po"lar (?), a. [Pre.
di- + polar. Cf. Bipolar.]
Having two poles, as a magnetic bar.
Dip"pel's oil` (?). (Chem.)
[From the name of the inventor.] See Bone
oil, under Bone.
Dip"per (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, dips; especially, a
vessel used to dip water or other liquid; a ladle.
2. (Zo\'94l.) (a) A small
grebe; the dabchick. (b) The buffel
duck. (c) The water ouzel (Cinolus
aquaticus) of Europe. (d) The American
dipper or ouzel (Cinclus Mexicanus).
The Dipper (Astron.), the seven
principal stars in the constellation of the Great Bear; popularly
so called from their arrangement in the form of a dipper; --
called also Charles's Wain. See Ursa
Major, under Ursa.
Dip"ping, n.
1. The act or process of immersing.
2. The act of inclining downward.
3. The act of lifting or moving a liquid with a
dipper, ladle, or the like.
4. The process of cleaning or brightening sheet
metal or metalware, esp. brass, by dipping it in acids,
etc.
5. The practice of taking snuff by rubbing the
teeth or gums with a stick or brush dipped in snuff.
[U.S.]
Dipping needle, a magnetic needle suspended at
its center of gravity, and moving freely in a vertical plane, so
as to indicate on a graduated circle the magnetic dip or
inclination.
Di`pris*mat"ic (?), a. [Prefix
di- + prismatic.] Doubly
prismatic.
Di`pro*par"gyl (?), n. [Prefix
di- + propargyl.] (Chem.)
A pungent, mobile, volatile liquid, C6H6,
produced artificially from certain allyl derivatives. Though
isomeric with benzine, it is very different in its chemical
relations. Called also dipropinyl.
Di*pro"pyl (?), n. [Pref.
di- + propyl.] (Chem.)
One of the hexane paraffins, found in petroleum, consisting
of two propyl radicals. See Hexane.
\'d8Di*pro"to*don (?), n. [Gr.
/ = / twice + / first + /, /, tooth.]
(Paleon.) An extinct Quaternary marsupial from
Australia, about as large as the hippopotamus; -- so named
because of its two large front teeth. See Illustration
in Appendix.
Dip"sas (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.
/, fr. / thirst.]
1. A serpent whose bite was fabled to produce
intense thirst.
Milton.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of harmless
colubrine snakes.
Dip*set"ic (?), a. [Gr.
/.] Tending to produce thirst.
Wright.
Dip`so*ma"ni*a (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / thirst + / mania.] (Med.) A
morbid an uncontrollable craving (often periodic) for drink, esp.
for alcoholic liquors; also improperly used to denote acute and
chronic alcoholism.
Dip`so*ma"ni*ac (?), n. One who
has an irrepressible desire for alcoholic drinks.
Dip`so*ma*ni"a*cal (?), a. Of
or pertaining to dipsomania.
\'d8Dip*so"sis (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / thirst.] (Med.) Excessive
thirst produced by disease.
\'d8Dip"te*ra (?), n. pl. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / with two wings, / = / twice + / feather, wing:
cf. F. dipt\'8are.] (Zo\'94l.)
An extensive order of insects having only two functional
wings and two balancers, as the house fly, mosquito, etc. They
have a suctorial proboscis, often including two pairs of sharp
organs (mandibles and maxill\'91) with which they pierce the skin
of animals. They undergo a complete metamorphosis, their larv\'91
(called maggots) being usually without feet.
Dip"ter*al (?), a.
1. (Zo\'94l.) Having two wings only;
belonging to the order Diptera.
2. (Anc. Arch.) Having a double row of
columns on each on the flanks, as well as in front and rear; --
said of a temple.
Dip"ter*an (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) An insect of the order Diptera.
\'d8Dip`te*ro*car"pus (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / with two wings + / fruit.]
(Bot.) A genus of trees found in the East Indies,
some species of which produce a fragrant resin, other species
wood oil. The fruit has two long wings.
Dip"ter*ous (?), a.
1. (Zo\'94l.) Having two wings, as
certain insects; belonging to the order Diptera.
2. (Bot.) Having two wings;
two-winged.
Dip`ter*yg"i*an (?), a. [Gr.
/ = / twice + / a fin, dim. of / wing.]
(Zo\'94l.) Having two dorsal fins; -- said of
certain fishes.
Dip"tote (?), n. [Gr. /; /
= / twice + / falling, fr. / to fall: cf. F.
diptote.] (Gram.) A noun which
has only two cases.
Andrews.
Dip"tych (?), n. [L.
diptycha, pl., fr. Gr. / folded, doubled; / = /
twice + / to fold, double up.]
1. Anything consisting of two leaves.
Especially: (a) (Roman Antiq.) A writing
tablet consisting of two leaves of rigid material connected by
hinges and shutting together so as to protect the writing
within. (b) A picture or series of pictures
painted on two tablets connected by hinges. See
Triptych.
2. A double catalogue, containing in one part the
names of living, and in the other of deceased, ecclesiastics and
benefactors of the church; a catalogue of saints.
Di*pyre" (?), n. [Gr. / = /
twice fire.] (Min.) A mineral of the
scapolite group; -- so called from the double effect of fire upon
it, in fusing it, and rendering it phosphorescent.
Di`py*re"nous (?), a. [Pref.
di- + pyrene.] (Bot.)
Containing two stones or nutlets.
Di*pyr"i*dine (?; 104), n.
[Pref. di- + pyridine.]
(Geom.) A polymeric form of pyridine,
C10H10N2, obtained as a colorless oil by the
action of sodium on pyridine.
Di*pyr"i*dil (?), n. [Pref.
di- + pyridine + -yl.]
(Chem.) A crystalline nitrogenous base,
C10H8N2, obtained by the reduction of
pyridine.
Di*ra`di*a"tion (?), n. [Pref.
di- + radiation.] The emission
and diffusion of rays of light.
Dire (?), a.
[Compar. Direr (?);
superl. Direst.] [L.
dirus; of uncertain origin.]
1. Ill-boding; portentous; as, dire
omens.
2. Evil in great degree; dreadful; dismal;
horrible; terrible; lamentable.
Dire was the tossing, deep the groans.
Milton.
Gorgons and hydras and chimeras dire.
Milton.
Di*rect" (?), a. [L.
directus, p. p. of dirigere to direct: cf.
F. direct. See Dress, and cf.
Dirge.]
1. Straight; not crooked, oblique, or circuitous;
leading by the short or shortest way to a point or end; as, a
direct line; direct means.
What is direct to, what slides by, the
question.
Locke.
2. Straightforward; not of crooked ways, or
swerving from truth and openness; sincere; outspoken.
Be even and direct with me.
Shak.
3. Immediate; express; plain; unambiguous.
He howhere, that I know, says it in direct
words.
Locke.
A direct and avowed interference with
elections.
Hallam.
4. In the line of descent; not collateral; as,
a descendant in the direct line.
5. (Astron.) In the direction of the
general planetary motion, or from west to east; in the order of
the signs; not retrograde; -- said of the motion of a celestial
body.
Direct action. (Mach.) See
Direct-acting. -- Direct discourse
(Gram.), the language of any one quoted without
change in its form; as, he said \'bdI can not come;\'b8 --
correlative to indirect discourse, in which there is
change of form; as, he said that he could not come. They are
often called respectively by their Latin names, oratio
directa, and oratio obliqua. -- Direct
evidence (Law), evidence which is positive
or not inferential; -- opposed to circumstantial, or
indirect, evidence. -- This distinction,
however, is merely formal, since there is no direct evidence that
is not circumstantial, or dependent on circumstances for its
credibility. Wharton. -- Direct
examination (Law), the first examination of
a witness in the orderly course, upon the merits.
Abbott. -- Direct fire
(Mil.), fire, the direction of which is
perpendicular to the line of troops or to the parapet aimed
at. -- Direct process (Metal.),
one which yields metal in working condition by a single
process from the ore. Knight. -- Direct
tax, a tax assessed directly on lands, etc., and polls,
distinguished from taxes on merchandise, or customs, and from
excise.
Di*rect" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Directed; p.
pr. & vb. n. Directing.]
1. To arrange in a direct or straight line, as
against a mark, or towards a goal; to point; to aim; as, to
direct an arrow or a piece of ordnance.
2. To point out or show to (any one), as the direct
or right course or way; to guide, as by pointing out the way;
as, he directed me to the left-hand road.
The Lord direct your into the love of God.
2 Thess. iii. 5.
The next points to which I will direct your
attention.
Lubbock.
3. To determine the direction or course of; to
cause to go on in a particular manner; to order in the way to a
certain end; to regulate; to govern; as, to direct
the affairs of a nation or the movements of an army.
I will direct their work in truth.
Is. lxi. 8.
4. To point out to with authority; to instruct as a
superior; to order; as, he directed them to
go.
I 'll first direct my men what they shall do.
Shak.
5. To put a direction or address upon; to mark with
the name and residence of the person to whom anything is sent; to
superscribe; as, to direct a letter.
Syn. -- To guide; lead; conduct; dispose; manage; regulate;
order; instruct; command.
Di*rect" (?), v. i. To give
direction; to point out a course; to act as guide.
Wisdom is profitable to direct.
Eccl. x. 10.
Di*rect", n. (Mus.) A
character, thus [/], placed at the end of a staff on the line
or space of the first note of the next staff, to apprise the
performer of its situation.
Moore (Encyc. of Music).
Di*rect"-act`ing (?), a.
(Mach.) Acting directly, as one part upon
another, without the intervention of other working parts.
Direct-acting steam engine, one in which
motion is transmitted to the crank without the intervention of a
beam or lever; -- also called direct-action steam
engine. -- Direct-acting steam pump, one
in which the steam piston rod is directly connected with the pump
rod; -- also called direct-action steam pump.
Di*rect"er (?), n. One who
directs; a director.
Directer plane (Geom.), the plane
to which all right-lined elements in a warped surface are
parallel.
Di*rec"tion (?), n. [L.
directio: cf. F. direction.]
1. The act of directing, of aiming, regulating,
guiding, or ordering; guidance; management; superintendence;
administration; as, the direction o/ public
affairs or of a bank.
I do commit his youth
To your direction.
Shak.
All nature is but art, unknown to thee;<
ll chance, direction, which thou canst not see.
Pope.
2. That which is imposed by directing; a guiding or
authoritative instruction; prescription; order; command; as,
he grave directions to the servants.
The princes digged the well . . . by the direction
of the law giver.
Numb. xxi. 18.
3. The name and residence of a person to whom any
thing is sent, written upon the thing sent; superscription;
address; as, the direction of a letter.
4. The line or course upon which anything is moving
or aimed to move, or in which anything is lying or pointing; aim;
line or point of tendency; direct line or course; as, the
ship sailed in a southeasterly direction.
5. The body of managers of a corporation or
enterprise; board of directors.
6. (Gun.) The pointing of a piece with
reference to an imaginary vertical axis; -- distinguished from
elevation. The direction is given when the
plane of sight passes through the object.
Wilhelm.
Syn. -- Administration; guidance; management;
superintendence; oversight; government; order; command; guide;
clew. Direction, Control,
Command, Order. These words, as here compared,
have reference to the exercise of power over the actions of
others. Control is negative, denoting power to
restrain; command is positive, implying a right to
enforce obedience; directions are commands containing
instructions how to act. Order conveys more
prominently the idea of authority than the word
direction. A shipmaster has the command of
his vessel; he gives orders or directions
to the seamen as to the mode of sailing it; and exercises a due
control over the passengers.
Di*rect"ive (?), a. [LL.
directivus: cf. F. directif.]
1. Having power to direct; tending to direct,
guide, or govern; showing the way.
Hooker.
The precepts directive of our practice in relation
to God.
Barrow.
2. Able to be directed; manageable.
[Obs.]
Swords and bows
Directive by the limbs.
Shak.
Di*rect"ly, adv.
1. In a direct manner; in a straight line or
course. \'bdTo run directly on.\'b8
Shak.
Indirectly and directly too
Thou hast contrived against the very life
Of the defendant.
Shak.
2. In a straightforward way; without anything
intervening; not by secondary, but by direct, means.
3. Without circumlocution or ambiguity; absolutely;
in express terms.
No man hath hitherto been so impious as plainly and
directly to condemn prayer.
Hooker.
4. Exactly; just.
Stand you directly in Antonius' way.
Shak.
5. Straightforwardly; honestly.
I have dealt most directly in thy affair.
Shak.
6. Manifestly; openly. [Obs.]
Desdemona is directly in love with him.
Shak.
7. Straightway; next in order; without delay;
immediately. \'bdWill she go now to bed?'
/Directly.'\'b8
Shak.
8. Immediately after; as soon as.
Directly he stopped, the coffin was removed.
Dickens.
Directly proportional (Math.),
proportional in the order of the terms; increasing or
decreasing together, and with a constant ratio; -- opposed to
inversely proportional.
Syn. -- Immediately; forthwith; straightway; instantly;
instantaneously; soon; promptly; openly; expressly.
-- Directly, Immediately,
Instantly, Instantaneously. Directly
denotes, without any delay or diversion of attention;
immediately implies, without any interposition of
other occupation; instantly implies, without any
intervention of time. Hence, \'bdI will do it
directly,\'b8 means, \'bdI will go
straightway about it.\'b8 \'bdI will do it
immediately,\'b8 means, \'bdI will do it as the very
next thing.\'b8 \'bdI will do it
instantly,\'b8 allows not a particle of delay.
Instantaneously, like instantly, marks an
interval too small to be appreciable, but commonly relates to
physical causes; as, the powder touched by fire
instantaneously exploded.
<-- p. 417 -->
Di*rect"ness (?), n. The
quality of being direct; straightness; straightforwardness;
immediateness.
Di*rect"or (?), n. [Cf. F.
directeur.]
1. One who, or that which, directs; one who
regulates, guides, or orders; a manager or superintendent.
In all affairs thou sole director.
Swift.
2. One of a body of persons appointed to manage the
affairs of a company or corporation; as, the
directors of a bank, insurance company, or railroad
company.
What made directors cheat in South-Sea year?
Pope.
3. (Mech.) A part of a machine or
instrument which directs its motion or action.
4. (Surg.) A slender grooved instrument
upon which a knife is made to slide when it is wished to limit
the extent of motion of the latter, or prevent its injuring the
parts beneath.
Di*rect"o*rate (?), n. [Cf. F.
directorat.] The office of director; also,
a body of directors taken jointly.
Di*rec*to"ri*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
directorial.]
1. Having the quality of a director, or
authoritative guide; directive.
2. Pertaining to: director or directory;
specifically, relating to the Directory of France under the first
republic. See Directory, 3.
Whoever goes to the directorial presence under this
passport.
Burke.
Di*rect"or*ship (?), n. The
condition or office of a director; directorate.
Di*rect"o*ry (?), a. [L.
directorius.] Containing directions;
enjoining; instructing; directorial.
Di*rect"o*ry, n.; pl.
Directories (/).
1. A collection or body of directions, rules, or
ordinances; esp., a book of directions for the conduct of
worship; as, the Directory used by the
nonconformists instead of the Prayer Book.
2. A book containing the names and residences of
the inhabitants of any place, or of classes of them; an address
book; as, a business directory.
<-- as, a telephone directory. -->
3. [Cf. F. directoire.] A
body of directors; board of management; especially, a committee
which held executive power in France under the first
republic.
4. Direction; guide. [R.]
Whitlock.
Di*rect"ress, n. A woman who
directs.
Bp. Hurd.
Di*rect"rix (?), n.; pl. E.
Directrixes (/), L. Directrices
(/).
1. A directress. [R.]
Jer. Taylor.
2. (Geom.) (a) A line along
which a point in another line moves, or which in any way governs
the motion of the point and determines the position of the curve
generated by it; the line along which the generatrix moves in
generating a surface. (b) A straight line so
situated with respect to a conic section that the distance of any
point of the curve from it has a constant ratio to the distance
of the same point from the focus.
Dire"ful (?), a.
[Dire + -ful.] Dire;
dreadful; terrible; calamitous; woeful; as, a
direful fiend; a direful day. --
Dire"ful*ly, adv. --
Dire"ful*ness, n.
Dire"ly, adv. In a dire manner.
Drayton.
Di*rempt" (?; 215), a. [L.
diremptus, p. p. of dirimere to take apart,
separate; di- = dis- + emere to buy, orig.,
to take.] Divided; separated.
[Obs.]
Stow.
Di*rempt", v. t. To separate by force;
to tear apart. [Obs.]
Holinshed.
Di*remp"tion (?), n. [L.
diremptio.] A tearing apart; violent
separation. [Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
Dire"ness (?), n.
[Dire- + -ness.]
Terribleness; horror; woefulness.
Shak.
Di*rep"tion (?), n. [L.
direptio, fr. diripere to tear asunder,
plunder; di- = dis- + rapere to seize and
carry off.] The act of plundering, despoiling, or
snatching away. [R.]
Speed.
Di*rep*ti"tious (?), a.
Characterized by direption. [R.]
Encyc. Dict.
Di*rep*ti"tious*ly, adv. With plundering
violence; by violent injustice. [R.]
Strype.
Dirge (?), n. [Contraction of
Lat. dirige, direct thou (imperative of
dirigere), the first word of a funeral hymn (Lat.
transl. of Psalm v. 8) beginning, \'bdDirige,
Domine, in conspectu tuo vitam meam.\'b8
See Direct, a., and cf.
Dirige.] A piece of music of a mournful
character, to accompany funeral rites; a funeral hymn.
The raven croaked, and hollow shrieks of owls
Sung dirges at her funeral.
Ford.
Dirge"ful (?), a. Funereal;
moaning.
Soothed sadly by the dirgeful wind.
Coleridge.
Dir"i*ge (?), n. [L. See
Dirge.] A service for the dead, in the Roman
Catholic Church, being the first antiphon of Matins for the dead,
of which Dirige is the first word; a dirge.
Evensongs and placebo and dirige.
Wyclif.
Resort, I pray you, unto my sepulture
To sing my dirige with great devotion.
Lamentation of Mary Magdalene.
Dir"i*gent (?), a. [L.
dirigens, p. pr. of dirigere. See
Direct, a.] Directing.
Baxter.
Dir"i*gent, n. (Geom.) The
line of motion along which a describent line or surface is
carried in the genesis of any plane or solid figure; a
directrix.
Hutton.
Dir"i*gi*ble (?), a. Capable of
being directed; steerable; as, a dirigible
balloon.
Dir"i*ment (?), a. [L.
dirimens, p. pr. of dirimere. See
Dirempt.] (Law) Absolute.
Diriment impediment (R. C. Ch.), an
impediment that nullifies marriage.
Dirk (?), n. [Ir.
duirc.] A kind of dagger or poniard; --
formerly much used by the Scottish Highlander.
Dirk knife, a clasp knife having a large,
dirklike blade.
Dirk, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dirked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dirking.] To stab with a dirk.
Sir W. Scott.
Dirk, a. [See Dark,
a.] Dark. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dirk, v. t. To darken.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
Dirk"ness, n. Darkness.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dirl (?), v. i. & t. [Cf.
Drill, Thrill.] To thrill; to
vibrate; to penetrate. [Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
Dirt (?), n. [OE.
drit; kin to Icel. drit excrement,
dr\'c6ta to dung, OD. drijten to dung, AS.
gedr\'c6tan.]
1. Any foul of filthy substance, as excrement, mud,
dust, etc.; whatever, adhering to anything, renders it foul or
unclean; earth; as, a wagonload of dirt.
Whose waters cast up mire and dirt.
Is. lvii. 20.
2. Meanness; sordidness.
Honors . . . thrown away upon dirt and infamy.
Melmoth.
3. In placer mining, earth, gravel, etc., before
washing.
Dirt bed (Geom.), a layer of clayey
earth forming a stratum in a geological formation. Dirt beds are
common among the coal measures. -- Dirt eating.
(a) The use of certain kinds of clay for food,
existing among some tribes of Indians; geophagism.
Humboldt. (b) (Med.) Same
as Chthonophagia. -- Dirt pie, clay
or mud molded by children in imitation of pastry. Otway
(1684). -- To eat dirt, to submit in a
meanly humble manner to insults; to eat humble pie.
Dirt, v. t. To make foul of filthy; to
dirty.
Swift.
Dirt"i*ly (?), adv. In a dirty
manner; foully; nastily; filthily; meanly; sordidly.
Dirt"i*ness, n. The state of being
dirty; filthiness; foulness; nastiness; baseness;
sordidness.
Dirt"y (?), a.
[Compar. Dirtier (?);
superl. Dirtiest.]
1. Defiled with dirt; foul; nasty; filthy; not
clean or pure; serving to defile; as, dirty hands;
dirty water; a dirty white.
Spenser.
2. Sullied; clouded; -- applied to color.
Locke.
3. Sordid; base; groveling; as, a
dirty fellow.
The creature's at his dirty work again.
Pope.
4. Sleety; gusty; stormy; as, dirty
weather.
Storms of wind, clouds of dust, an angry, dirty
sea.
M. Arnold.
Syn. -- Nasty; filthy; foul. See Nasty.
Dirt"y, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dirtied (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Dirtying.]
1. To foul; to make filthy; to soil; as, to
dirty the clothes or hands.
2. To tarnish; to sully; to scandalize; -- said of
reputation, character, etc.
Di*rup"tion (?), n. [L.
diruptio, fr. dirumpere. See
Disrupt, a.] Disruption.
Dis- (?; 258).
1. A prefix from the Latin, whence F.
d\'82s, or sometimes d\'82-,
dis-. The Latin dis- appears as
di- before b, d, g,
l, m, n, r,
v, becomes dif- before f, and
either dis- or di- before j. It
is from the same root as bis twice, and
duo, E. two. See Two, and cf.
Bi-, Di-, Dia-. Dis-
denotes separation, a parting from, as in
distribute, disconnect; hence it often has
the force of a privative and negative, as in disarm,
disoblige, disagree. Also intensive, as in
dissever.
s ought always to be pronounced like z,
when the next syllable is accented and begins with \'bda flat
mute [b, d, v, g,
z], a liquid [l, m,
n, r], or a vowel; as, disable,
disease, disorder, disuse,
disband, disdain, disgrace,
disvalue, disjoin, dislike,
dislodge, dismay, dismember,
dismiss, dismount, disnatured,
disrank, disrelish, disrobe.\'b8
Dr. Webster's example in disapproving of Walker's rule and
pronouncing dis- as diz in only one
(disease) of the above words, is followed by recent
ortho\'89pists. See Disable, Disgrace, and the
other words, beginning with dis-, in this
Dictionary.
2. A prefix from Gr. / twice. See
Di-.
\'d8Dis (?), n. [L.]
The god Pluto.
Shak.
Dis`a*bil"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Disabilities (/).
1. State of being disabled; deprivation or want of
ability; absence of competent physical, intellectual, or moral
power, means, fitness, and the like.
Grossest faults, or disabilities to perform what
was covenanted.
Milton.
Chatham refused to see him, pleading his
disability.
Bancroft.
2. Want of legal qualification to do a thing; legal
incapacity or incompetency.
The disabilities of idiocy, infancy, and
coverture.
Abbott.
Syn. -- Weakness; inability; incompetence; impotence;
incapacity; incompetency; disqualification. --
Disability, Inability. Inability is
an inherent want of power to perform the thing in question;
disability arises from some deprivation or
loss of the needed competency. One who becomes deranged is under
a disability of holding his estate; and one who is
made a judge, of deciding in his own case. A man may decline an
office on account of his inability to discharge its
duties; he may refuse to accept a trust or employment on account
of some disability prevents him from entering into
such engagements.
Dis*a"ble (?), a. Lacking
ability; unable. [Obs.] \'bdOur
disable and unactive force.\'b8
Daniel.
Dis*a"ble (?; 277), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disabled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Disabling
(?).]
1. To render unable or incapable; to destroy the
force, vigor, or power of action of; to deprive of competent
physical or intellectual power; to incapacitate; to disqualify;
to make incompetent or unfit for service; to impair.
A Christian's life is a perpetual exercise, a wrestling and
warfare, for which sensual pleasure disables him.
Jer. Taylor.
And had performed it, if my known offense
Had not disabled me.
Milton.
I have disabled mine estate.
Shak.
2. (Law) To deprive of legal right or
qualification; to render legally incapable.
An attainder of the ancestor corrupts the blood, and
disables his children to inherit.
Blackstone.
3. To deprive of that which gives value or
estimation; to declare lacking in competency; to disparage; to
undervalue. [Obs.] \'bdHe disabled
my judgment.\'b8
Shak.
Syn. -- To weaken; unfit; disqualify; incapacitate.
Dis*a"ble*ment (?), n.
Deprivation of ability; incapacity.
Bacon.
Dis`a*buse" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disabused
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disabusing.] [Pref. dis- +
abuse; cf. F. d\'82sabuser.] To
set free from mistakes; to undeceive; to disengage from fallacy
or deception; to set right.
To undeceive and disabuse the people.
South.
If men are now sufficiently enlightened to disabuse
themselves or artifice, hypocrisy, and superstition, they will
consider this event as an era in their history.
J. Adams.
Dis`ac*com"mo*date (?), v. t.
[Pref. dis- + accommodate.]
To put to inconvenience; to incommode.
[R.]
Bp. Warburton.
Dis`ac*com`mo*da"tion (?), n. A
state of being unaccommodated or unsuited.
[R.]
Sir M. Hale.
Dis`ac*cord" (?), v. i. [Cf. F.
d\'82saccorder to cause discord.] To refuse
to assent. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Dis`ac*cord", n. Disagreement.
Pop. Sci. Monthly.
Dis`ac*cord"ant (?), a. Not
accordant.
Fabyan.
Dis`ac*cus"tom (?), v. t. [Cf.
F. d\'82saccoutumer.] To destroy the force
of habit in; to wean from a custom.
Johnson.
Dis`a*cid"i*fy (?), v. t. To
free from acid.
Dis`ac*knowl"edge (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disacknowledged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disacknowledging.] To refuse to
acknowledge; to deny; to disown. [Obs.]
South.
Dis`ac*quaint" (?), v. t.
[Pref. dis- + acquaint: cf. OF.
desacointier.] To render unacquainted; to
make unfamiliar. [Obs.]
While my sick heart
With dismal smart
Is disacquainted never.
Herrick.
Dis`ac*quaint"ance (?), n.
Neglect of disuse of familiarity, or familiar
acquaintance. [Obs.]
South.
Dis*ac"ryl (?), n. [Pref.
dis- (Gr. / twice) + acrolein +
-yl.] (Chem.) A white amorphous
substance obtained as a polymeric modification of acrolein.
Dis`a*dorn" (?), v. t. To
deprive of ornaments.
Congreve.
Dis`ad*vance" (?; 61), v. t. & i.
[Pref. dis- + advance: cf. OF.
desavancier.] To draw back, or cause to
draw back. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Dis`ad*van"tage (?; 48, 61), n.
[Cf. F. d\'82savantage.]
1. Deprivation of advantage; unfavorable or
prejudicial quality, condition, circumstance, or the like; that
which hinders success, or causes loss or injury.
I was brought here under the disadvantage of being
unknown by sight to any of you.
Burke.
Abandoned by their great patron, the faction henceforward
acted at disadvantage.
Palfrey.
2. Loss; detriment; hindrance; prejudice to
interest, fame, credit, profit, or other good.
They would throw a construction on his conduct, to his
disadvantage before the public.
Bancroft.
Syn. -- Detriment; injury; hurt; loss; damage.
Dis`ad*van"tage, v. t. [Cf. F.
d\'82savantager.] To injure the interest
of; to be detrimental to.
Dis`ad*van"tage*a*ble (?), a.
Injurious; disadvantageous. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Dis*ad`van*ta"geous (?), a.
[Cf. F. d\'82savantageux.] Attended
with disadvantage; unfavorable to success or prosperity;
inconvenient; prejudicial; -- opposed to advantageous;
as, the situation of an army is disadvantageous for
attack or defense.
Even in the disadvantageous position in which he
had been placed, he gave clear indications of future
excellence.
Prescott.
-- Dis*ad`van*ta"geous*ly, adv. --
Dis*ad`van*ta"geous*ness, n.
Dis`ad*ven"ture (?; 135), n.
[Pref. dis- + adventure: cf. OF.
desaventure.] Misfortune; mishap.
[Obs.]
Sir W. Raleigh.
Dis`ad*ven"tur*ous (?), a.
Unprosperous; unfortunate. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Dis`ad*vise" (?), v. t. To
advise against; to dissuade from. [R.]
Boyle.
Dis`af*fect" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disaffected; p.
pr. & vb. n. Disaffecting.]
1. To alienate or diminish the affection of; to
make unfriendly or less friendly; to fill with discontent and
unfriendliness.
They had attempted to disaffect and discontent his
majesty's late army.
Clarendon.
2. To disturb the functions of; to disorder.
It disaffects the bowels.
Hammond.
3. To lack affection for; to be alienated from, or
indisposed toward; to dislike. [Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
Dis`af*fect"ed, a. Alienated in feeling;
not wholly loyal. J. H. Newman. --
Dis`af*fect"ed*ly, adv. --
Dis`af*fect"ed*ness, n.
Dis`af*fec"tion (?), n.
1. State of being disaffected; alienation or want
of affection or good will, esp. toward those in authority;
unfriendliness; dislike.
In the making laws, princes must have regard to . . . the
affections and disaffections of the people.
Jer. Taylor.
2. Disorder; bad constitution.
[R.]
Wiseman.
Syn. -- Dislike; disgust; discontent; unfriendliness;
alienation; disloyalty; hostility.
Dis`af*fec"tion*ate (?), a. Not
disposed to affection; unfriendly; disaffected.
[R.]
Blount.
Dis`af*firm" (?), v. t.
1. To assert the contrary of; to contradict; to
deny; -- said of that which has been asserted.
2. (Law) To refuse to confirm; to annul,
as a judicial decision, by a contrary judgment of a superior
tribunal.
Dis`af*firm"ance (?), n.
1. The act of disaffirming; denial; negation.
2. (Law) Overthrow or annulment by the
decision of a superior tribunal; as, disaffirmance
of judgment.
Dis*af`fir*ma"tion (?), n. The
act of disaffirming; negation; refutation.
Dis`af*for"est (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disafforested;
p. pr. & vb. n. Disafforesting.]
[Pref. dis- + afforest: cf. OF.
desaforester.] (Eng. Law) To
reduce from the privileges of a forest to the state of common
ground; to exempt from forest laws.
By charter 9 Henry III. many forests were
disafforested.
Blackstone.
<-- p. 418 -->
Dis*ag"gre*gate (?), v. t. To
destroy the aggregation of; to separate into component parts, as
an aggregate mass.
Dis*ag`gre*ga"tion (?), n. [Cf.
F. d\'82sagr\'82gation.] The separation of
an aggregate body into its component parts.
Dis`a*gree" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Disagreed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disageeing.] [Pref. dis- +
agree: cf. F. d\'82sagr\'82er to
displease.]
1. To fail to accord; not to agree; to lack
harmony; to differ; to be unlike; to be at variance.
They reject the plainest sense of Scripture, because it seems
/o disagree with what they call reason.
Atterbury.
2. To differ in opinion; to hold discordant views;
to be at controversy; to quarrel.
Who shall decide, when doctors disagree?
Pope.
3. To be unsuited; to have unfitness; as,
medicine sometimes disagrees with the patient;
food often disagrees with the stomach or the
taste.
with, sometimes by
to, rarely by from; as, I
disagree to your proposal.
Syn. -- To differ; vary; dissent.
Dis`a*gree"a*ble (?), a. [Cf.
F. d\'82sagr\'82able.]
1. Not agreeable, conformable, or congruous;
/ontrary; unsuitable.
Preach you truly the doctrine which you have received, and
each nothing that is disagreeable thereunto.
Udall.
2. Exciting repugnance; offensive to the feelings
or /enses; displeasing; unpleasant.
That which is disagreeable to one is many times
agreeable to another, or disagreeable in a less
degree.
Wollaston.
Dis`a*gree"a*ble*ness, n. The state or
quality of being; disagreeable; unpleasantness.
Dis`a*gree"a*bly, adv. In a disagreeable
manner; unsuitably; offensively.
Dis`a*gree"ance (?), n.
Disagreement. [Obs.]
Dis`a*gree"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82sagr\'82ment disagreeable circumstance,
disagreeableness.]
1. The state of disagreeing; a being at variance;
dissimilitude; diversity.
2. Unsuitableness; unadaptedness.
[R.]
3. Difference of opinion or sentiment.
4. A falling out, or controversy; difference.
Syn. -- Difference; diversity; dissimilitude; unlikeness;
discrepancy; variance; dissent; misunderstanding; dissension;
division; dispute; jar; wrangle; discord.
Dis`a*gre"er (?), n. One who
disagrees.
Hammond.
Dis`al*liege" (?), v. t. To
alienate from allegiance. [Obs. & R.]
Milton.
Dis`al*low" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disallowed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disallowing.] [Pref. dis- +
allow: cf. OF. desalouer,
desloer, to blame, dissuade.] To refuse to
allow; to deny the force or validity of; to disown and reject;
as, the judge disallowed the executor's
charge.
To whom coming, as unto a living stone, disallowed
indeed of men, but chosen of God.
1 Pet. ii. 4.
That the edicts of C\'91sar we may at all times
disallow, but the statutes of God for no reason we may
reject.
Milton.
of;
as, \'bdWhat follows, if we disallow of this?\'b8
Shak. See Allow.
Syn. -- To disapprove; prohibit; censure; reject.
Dis`al*low"a*ble (?), a. Not
allowable; not to be suffered. Raleigh. --
Dis`al*low"a*ble*ness,
n.
Dis`al*low"ance (?), n. The act
of disallowing; refusal to admit or permit; rejection.
Syn. -- Disapprobation; prohibition; condemnation; censure;
rejection.
Dis`al*ly" (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + ally: cf. F.
d\'82saltier.] To part, as an alliance; to
sunder. [R.] \'bdDisallied their
nuptials.\'b8
Milton.
Dis*an"chor (?), v. t. & i.
[Pref. dis- + anchor: cf. F.
d\'82sancrer.] To raise the anchor of, as a
ship; to weigh anchor. [Obs.]
Heywood.
Dis`an*gel"ic*al (?), a. Not
angelical. [R.] \'bdDisangelical
nature.\'b8
Coventry.
Dis*an"i*mate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disanimated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Disanimating
(?).]
1. To deprive of life. [R.]
Cudworth.
2. To deprive of spirit; to dishearten.
Shak.
Dis*an`i*ma"tion (?), n.
1. Privation of life. [R.]
Sir T. Browne.
2. The state of being disanimated or discouraged;
depression of spirits.
Dis`an*nex" (?), v. t. To
disunite; to undo or repeal the annexation of.
State Trials (1608).
Dis`an*nul" (?), v. t. To annul
completely; to render void or of no effect.
For the Lord of hosts hath purposed, and who shall
disannul /?
Isaiah xiv. 27.
Dis`an*nul"ler (?), n. One who
disannuls.
Dis`an*nul"ment (?), n.
Complete annulment.
Dis`a*noint" (?), v. t. To
invalidate the consecration of; as, to disanoint a
king. [Obs.]
Milton.
Dis`ap*par"el (?), v. t. [See
Apparel, v. t.] [Pref.
dis- + apparel: cf. OF.
desapareiller.] To disrobe; to strip of
apparel; to make naked.
Drink disapparels the soul.
Junius (1635).
Dis`ap*pear" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Disappeared
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disappearing.]
1. To cease to appear or to be perceived; to pass
from view, gradually or suddenly; to vanish; to be no longer
seen; as, darkness disappears at the approach of
light; a ship disappears as she sails from
port.
2. To cease to be or exist; as, the epidemic
has disappeared.
Dis`ap*pear"ance (?), n. The
act of disappearing; cessation of appearance; removal from sight;
vanishing.
Addison.
Dis`ap*pend"en*cy (?), n. A
detachment or separation from a former connection.
[R.]
Dis`ap*pend"ent (?), a. Freed
from a former connection or dependence; disconnected.
[R.]
Dis`ap*point" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disapointed; p.
pr. & vb. n. Disappointing.] [OF.
desapointier, F. d\'82sappointer; pref.
des- (L. dis-) + apointier, F.
appointier, to appoint. See Appoint.]
1. To defeat of expectation or hope; to hinder from
the attainment of that which was excepted, hoped, or desired; to
balk; as, a man is disappointed of his hopes or
expectations, or his hopes, desires, intentions, expectations, or
plans are disappointed; a bad season
disappoints the farmer of his crops; a defeat
disappoints an enemy of his spoil.
I was disappointed, but very agreeably.
Macaulay.
Disappointed of a thing not obtained;
disappointed in a thing obtained.
2. To frustrate; to fail; to hinder of
result.
His retiring foe
Shrinks from the wound, and disappoints the blow.
Addison.
Syn. -- To tantalize; fail; frustrate; balk; baffle; delude;
foil; defeat. See Tantalize.
Dis`ap*point"ed, a.
1. Defeated of expectation or hope; balked; as,
a disappointed person or hope.
2. Unprepared; unequipped.
[Obs.]
Cut off even in the blossoms of my sin,
Unhouseled, disappointed, unaneled.
Shak.
Dis`ap*point"ment (?), n. [Cf.
F. d\'82sappointement.]
1. The act of disappointing, or the state of being
disappointed; defeat or failure of expectation or hope;
miscarriage of design or plan; frustration.
If we hope for things of which we have not thoroughly
considered the value, our disappointment will be
greater our pleasure in the fruition of them.
Addison.
In disappointment thou canst bless.
Keble.
2. That which disappoints.
Syn. -- Miscarriage; frustration; balk.
Dis`ap*pre"ci*ate (?), v. t.
[See Appreciate.] To undervalue; not to
esteem. -- Dis`ap*pre`ci*a"tion
(#), n.
Dis*ap`pro*ba"tion (?), n.
[Pref. dis- + approbation: cf. F.
d\'82sapprobation. Cf. Disapprove.] The
act of disapproving; mental condemnation of what is judged wrong,
unsuitable, or inexpedient; feeling of censure.
<
We have ever expressed the most unqualified
disapprobation of all the steps.
Burke.
Dis*ap"pro*ba`to*ry (?), a.
Containing disapprobation; serving to disapprove.
Dis`ap*pro"pri*ate (?), a.
(Law) Severed from the appropriation or
possession of a spiritual corporation.
The appropriation may be severed, and the church become
disappropriate, two ways.
Blackstone.
Dis`ap*pro"pri*ate (?), v. t.
1. To release from individual ownership or
possession.
Milton.
2. (Law) To sever from appropriation or
possession a spiritual corporation.
Appropriations of the several parsonages . . . would heave
been, by the rules of the common law,
disappropriated.
Blackstone.
Dis`ap*pro`pri*a"tion (?), n.
The act of disappropriating.
Dis`ap*prov"al (?), n.
Disapprobation; dislike; censure; adverse judgment.
Dis`ap*prove (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disapproved
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disapproving.] [Pref. dis- +
approve: cf. F. d\'82approuver. Cf.
Disapprobation.]
1. To pass unfavorable judgment upon; to condemn by
an act of the judgment; to regard as wrong, unsuitable, or
inexpedient; to censure; as, to disapprove the
conduct of others.
2. To refuse official approbation to; to disallow;
to decline to sanction; as, the sentence of the court-martial
was disapproved by the commander in chief.
of; as, to
disapprove of an opinion, of such conduct. See
Approve.
Dis`ap*prov"er (?), n. One who
disapproves.
Dis`ap*prov"ing*ly, adv. In a
disapproving manner.
Dis"ard (?), n. See
Dizzard. [Obs.]
Burton.
Dis*arm" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disarming
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disarming.] [OE. desarmen,
F. d\'82sarmer; pref. d\'82s- (L.
dis-) + armer to arm. See
Arm.]
1. To deprive of arms; to take away the weapons of;
to deprive of the means of attack or defense; to render
defenseless.
Security disarms the best-appointed army.
Fuller.
The proud was half disarmed of pride.
Tennyson.
2. To deprive of the means or the disposition to
harm; to render harmless or innocuous; as, to disarm
a man's wrath.
Dis*arm"a*ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82sarmement.] The act of
disarming.
Dis*ar"ma*ture (?; 135), n.
[Pref. dis- + armature.]
The act of divesting of armature. [R.]
Dis*armed" (?), a.
1. Deprived of arms.
2. (Her.) Deprived of claws, and teeth
or beaks.
Cussans.
Dis*arm"er (?), n. One who
disarms.
Dis`ar*range" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disarranged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disarranging.] [Pref. dis- +
arrange: cf. F. d\'82sarranger.]
To unsettle or disturb the order or due arrangement of; to
throw out of order.
Dis`ar*range"ment (?), n. The
act of disarranging, or the state of being disarranged;
confusion; disorder.
Cowper.
Dis`ar*ray" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disarrayed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disarraying.] [Pref. dis- +
array, v.: cf. OF. desarroyer,
desarreier.]
1. To throw into disorder; to break the array
of.
Who with fiery steeds
Oft disarrayed the foes in battle ranged.
Fenton.
2. To take off the dress of; to unrobe.
So, as she bade, the witch they disarrayed.
Spenser.
Dis`ar*ray" (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82sarroi.]
1. Want of array or regular order; disorder;
confusion.
Disrank the troops, set all in disarray.
Daniel.
2. Confused attire; undress.
Spenser.
Dis`ar*ray"ment (?), n.
Disorder. [R.]
Feltham.
Dis`ar*tic"u*late (?), v. t. To
sunder; to separate, as joints. --
Dis`ar*tic`u*la"tion (#),
n.
Dis`ar*tic"u*la`tor (?), n. One
who disarticulates and prepares skeletons.
Dis`as*sent" (?), v. i. To
dissent. [Obs.]
Dis`as*sent", n. Dissent.
[Obs.]
E. Hall.
Dis`as*sent"er (?), n. One who
disassents; a dissenter. [Obs.]
State Trials (1634).
Dis*as`si*du"i*ty (?), n. Want
of as siduity or care. [R.]
Sir H. Wotton.
Dis`as*sim"i*late (?), v. t.
(Physiol.) To subject to disassimilation.
Dis`as*sim`i*la"tion (?), n.
(Physics) The decomposition of complex
substances, within the organism, into simpler ones suitable only
for excretion, with evolution of energy, -- a normal nutritional
process the reverse of assimilation; downward metabolism.
The breaking down of already existing chemical compounds into
simpler ones, sometimes called disassimilation.
Martin.
Dis`as*sim"i*la*tive (?), a.
(Physiol.) Having power to disassimilate; of the
nature of disassimilation.
Disassimilative processes constitute a marked
feature in the life of animal cells.
McKendrick.
Dis`as*so"ci*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disassociated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Disassociating
(?).] To disconnect from things
associated; to disunite; to dissociate.
Florio.
Dis*as"ter (?), n. [F.
d\'82sastre; pref. d\'82s- (L.
dis-) + astre star, fr. L.
astrum; a word of astrological origin. See
Aster, Astral, Star.]
1. An unpropitious or baleful aspect of a planet or
star; malevolent influence of a heavenly body; hence, an ill
portent. [Obs.]
Disasters in the sun.
Shak.
2. An adverse or unfortunate event, esp. a sudden
and extraordinary misfortune; a calamity; a serious mishap.
But noble souls, through dust and heat,
Rise from disaster and defeat
The stronger.
Longfellow.
Syn. -- Calamity; misfortune; mishap; mischance; visitation;
misadventure; ill luck. See Calamity.
Dis*as"ter, v. t.
1. To blast by the influence of a baleful
star. [Obs.]
Sir P. Sidney.
2. To bring harm upon; to injure.
[R.]
Thomson.
Dis*as"ter*ly, adv. Disastrously.
[Obs.]
Drayton.
Dis*as"trous (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82sastreux. See Disaster.]
1. Full of unpropitious stellar influences;
unpropitious; ill-boding. [Obs.]
The moon
In dim eclipse, disastrous twilight sheds.
Milton.
2. Attended with suffering or disaster; very
unfortunate; calamitous; ill-fated; as, a disastrous
day; a disastrous termination of an
undertaking.
Wherein I spake of most disastrous chances.
Shak.
-- Dis*as"trous*ly, adv. --
Dis*as"trous*ness, n.
Dis`at*tire" (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + attire: cf. OF.
desatirier.] To unrobe; to undress.
Spenser.
Dis`aug*ment" (?), v. t. To
diminish. [R.]
Dis*au"thor*ize (?), v. t. To
deprive of credit or authority; to discredit.
[R.]
W. Wotton.
Dis`a*vaunce" (?), v. t. [Cf.
Disadvance.] To retard; to repel; to do
damage to. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dis`a*ven"ture (?; 135), n.
[See Disadventure, Adventure.]
Misfortune. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Dis`a*ven"tur*ous (?), a.
Misadventurous; unfortunate. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Dis`a*vouch" (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + avouch. Cf. Disavow.]
To disavow. [R.]
Daniel.
Dis`a*vow" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disavowed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disavowing.] [F.
d\'82savouer; pref. d\'82s- (L.
dis-) + avouer to avow. See Avow,
and cf. Disavouch.]
1. To refuse strongly and solemnly to own or
acknowledge; to deny responsibility for, approbation of, an the
like; to disclaim; to disown; as, he was charged with
embezzlement, but he disavows the crime.
A solemn promise made and disavowed.
Dryden.
2. To deny; to show the contrary of; to
disprove.
Yet can they never
Toss into air the freedom of my birth,
Or disavow my blood Plantagenet's.
Ford.
Dis`a*vow"al (?), n. The act of
disavowing, disclaiming, or disowning; rejection and
denial.
An earnest disavowal of fear often proceeds from
fear.
Richardson.
Dis`a*vow"ance (?), n.
Disavowal. [Obs.]
South.
Dis`a*vow"er (?), n. One who
disavows.
Dis`a*vow"ment (?), n.
Disavowal. [R.]
Wotton.
Dis*band" (?; see Dis-), v.
t. [imp. & p. p. Disbanded;
p. pr. & vb. n. Disbanding.]
[Pref. dis- + band: cf. OF.
desbander, F. d\'82bander, to unbind,
unbend. See Band, and cf. Disbend,
Disbind.]
1. To loose the bands of; to set free; to disunite;
to scatter; to disperse; to break up the organization of;
especially, to dismiss from military service; as, to
disband an army.
They disbanded themselves and returned, every man
to his own dwelling.
Knolles.
2. To divorce. [Obs.]
And therefore . . . she ought to be disbanded.
Milton.
Dis*band", v. i. To become separated,
broken up, dissolved, or scattered; especially, to quit military
service by breaking up organization.
<-- p. 419 -->
When both rocks and all things shall disband.
Herbert.
Human society would in a short space disband.
Tillotson.
Dis*band"ment (?), n. The act
of disbanding.
Dis*bar" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disbarred
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disbarring.] (Law) To expel
from the bar, or the legal profession; to deprive (an attorney,
barrister, or counselor) of his status and privileges as
such.
Abbott.
Dis*bark" (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + bark a small ship: cf. OF.
desbarquer, F. d\'82barquer. Cf.
Debark, Disembark.] To
disembark.
Pope.
Dis*bark", v. t. [Pref. dis-
+ bark rind.] To strip of bark; to
bark. [R.]
Boyle.
Dis*bar"ment (?), n. Act of
disbarring.
Dis*base" (?), v. t. [Cf.
Debase.] To debase or degrade.
[Obs.]
Nor you nor your house were so much as spoken of before I
disbased myself.
B. Jonson.
Dis`be*come" (?), v. t. To
misbecome. [Obs.]
Massinger.
Dis*be*lief" (?), n. The act of
disbelieving;; a state of the mind in which one is fully
persuaded that an opinion, assertion, or doctrine is not true;
refusal of assent, credit, or credence; denial of belief.
Our belief or disbelief of a thing does not alter
the nature of the thing.
Tillotson.
No sadder proof can be given by a man of his own littleness
that disbelief in great men.
Carlyle.
Syn. -- Distrust; unbelief; incredulity; doubt; skepticism.
-- Disbelief, Unbelief. Unbelief is
a mere failure to admit; disbelief is a positive
rejection. One may be an unbeliever in Christianity
from ignorance or want of inquiry; a unbeliever has
the proofs before him, and incurs the guilt of setting them
aside. Unbelief is usually open to conviction;
disbelief is already convinced as to the falsity of
that which it rejects. Men often tell a story in such a manner
that we regard everything they say with unbelief.
Familiarity with the worst parts of human nature often leads us
into a disbelief in many good qualities which really
exist among men.
Dis`be*lieve" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disbelieved
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disbelieving.] Not to believe; to
refuse belief or credence to; to hold not to be true or
actual.
Assertions for which there is abundant positive evidence are
often disbelieved, on account of what is called their
improbability or impossibility.
J. S. Mill.
Dis`be*liev"er (?), n. One who
disbelieves, or refuses belief; an unbeliever. Specifically, one
who does not believe the Christian religion.
I. Watts.
Dis*bench" (?), v. t.
1. To drive from a bench or seat.
[R.]
Shak.
2. (Eng. Law) To deprive (a bencher) of
his privileges.
Mozley & W.
Dis*bend (?), v. t. To
unbend. [Obs.]
Stirling.
Dis*bind" (?), v. t. [Cf.
Disband.] To unbind; to loosen.
[Obs.]
Mede.
Dis*blame" (?), v. t. [OE.
desblamen, OF. desblasmer; pref.
des- (L. dis-) + blasmer, F.
bl\'83mer, to blame.] To clear from
blame. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dis*bod"ied (?), a.
Disembodied. [R.]
Dis`bos*ca"tion (?), n. [Pref.
dis- + F. bosquet grove.]
Converting forest land into cleared or arable land; removal
of a forest.
Sir W. Scott.
Dis*bow"el (?), v. t. [See
Bowel, v. t.] To disembowel.
[R.]
Spenser.
Dis*branch" (?), v. t. [See
Branch, v.] To divest of a branch
or branches; to tear off.
Shak.
Dis*bud" (?), v. t. [See
Bud, v.] (Hort.) To
deprive of buds or shoots, as for training, or economizing the
vital strength of a tree.
Dis*bur"den (?), v. t. [See
Burden, v. t.] [Cf.
Disburthen.] To rid of a burden; to free from
a load borne or from something oppressive; to unload; to
disencumber; to relieve.
He did it to disburden a conscience.
Feltham.
My mediations . . . will, I hope, be more calm, being thus
disburdened.
Hammond.
Syn. -- To unload; unburden; discharge; free.
Dis*bur"den, v. i. To relieve one's self
of a burden; to ease the mind.
Milton.
Dis*bur"geon (?), v. t. To
strip of burgeons or buds; to disbud. [R.]
Holland.
Dis*burse" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disbursed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disbursing.] [OF.
desbourser, F. d\'82bourser; pref.
des- (L. dis-) + bourse purse.
See Burse, and cf. Dispurse.] To pay
out; to expend; -- usually from a public fund or treasury.
The duty of collecting and disbursing his
revenues.
Macaulay.
Disbursing officer, an officer in any
department of the public service who is charged with the duty of
paying out public money.
Dis*burse"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82boursement.]
1. The act of disbursing or paying out.
The disbursement of the public moneys.
U. S. Statutes.
2. That which is disbursed or paid out; as, the
annual disbursements exceed the income.
Dis*burs"er (?), n. One who
disburses money.
Dis*bur"then (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disburthened
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disburthening.] [Cf.
Disburden.] To disburden; to relieve of a
load. [Archaic]
Disc (?), n. [See
Disk, Dish.] A flat round
plate; (Biol.) a circular structure either
in plants or animals; as, a blood disc, a germinal
disc, etc. Same as Disk.
Dis*cage" (?), v. t. To
uncage. [R.]
Tennyson.
Disc"al (?), a. Pertaining to,
or resembling, a disk; as, discal cells.
Dis*cal"ce*ate (?), v. t. [L.
discalceatus unshod; dis- +
calceus shoe.] To pull off shoes or sandals
from. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
Dis*cal"ce*at`ed (?), a.
Deprived off shoes or sandals; unshod; discalced.
Dis*calced" (?), a. Unshod;
barefooted; -- in distinction from calced.
\'bdThe foundation of houses of discalced friars.\'b8
Cardinal Manning's St. Teresa.
Dis*cal`ce*a"tion (?), n. The
act of pulling off the shoes or sandals.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Dis*camp" (?), v. t. [See
Decamp.] To drive from a camp.
[Obs.]
Holland.
Dis*can"dy (?), v. i. To melt;
to dissolve; to thaw. [Obs.]
Dis"cant (?), n. See
Descant, n.
Dis*ca*pac"i*tate (?), v. t. To
deprive of capacity; to incapacitate. [R.]
Dis*card" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Discarded; p.
pr. & vb. n. Discarding.]
1. (Card Playing) To throw out of one's
hand, as superfluous cards; to lay aside (a card or cards).
2. To cast off as useless or as no longer of
service; to dismiss from employment, confidence, or favor; to
discharge; to turn away.
They blame the favorites, and think it nothing extraordinary
that the queen should . . . resolve to discard
them.
Swift.
3. To put or thrust away; to reject.
A man discards the follies of boyhood.
I. Taylor.
Syn. -- To dismiss; displace; discharge; cashier.
Dis*card", v. i. (Card Playing)
To make a discard.
Dis*card", n. (Card Playing)
The act of discarding; also, the card or cards
discarded.
Dis*car"dure (?; 135), n.
Rejection; dismissal. [R.]
Hayter.
Dis*car"nate (?), a. [L.
dis- + carnatus fleshy, fr.
caro, carnis, flesh.] Stripped
of flesh. [Obs.] \'bdDiscarnate
bones.\'b8
Glanvill.
Dis*case" (?), v. t. To strip;
to undress.
Shak.
Dis*cede" (?), v. i. [L.
discedere; dis- + cedere to
yield.] To yield or give up; to depart.
[Obs.]
I dare not discede from my copy a tittle.
Fuller.
Dis*cept" (?), v. i. [L.
disceptare.] To debate; to discuss.
[R.]
One dissertates, he is candid;
Two must discept, -- has distinguished.
R. Browning.
Dis`cep*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
disceptatio.] Controversy; disputation;
discussion. [Archaic]
Verbose janglings and endless disceptations.
Strype.
Dis`cep*ta"tor (?), n.
[L.] One who arbitrates or decides.
[R.]
Cowley.
Dis*cern" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Discerned
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Discerning.] [F. discerner,
L. discernere, discretum; dis- +
cernere to separate, distinguish. See
Certain, and cf. Discreet.]
1. To see and identify by noting a difference or
differences; to note the distinctive character of; to
discriminate; to distinguish.
To discern such buds as are fit to produce
blossoms.
Boyle.
A counterfeit stone which thine eye can not discern
from a right stone.
Robynson (More's Utopia).
2. To see by the eye or by the understanding; to
perceive and recognize; as, to discern a
difference.
And [I] beheld among the simple ones, I discerned
among the youths, a young man void of understanding.
Prov. vii. 7.
Our unassisted sight . . . is not acute enough to
discern the minute texture of visible objects.
Beattie.
I wake, and I discern the truth.
Tennyson.
Syn. -- To perceive; distinguish; discover; penetrate;
discriminate; espy; descry; detect. See Perceive.
Dis*cern", v. i.
1. To see or understand the difference; to make
distinction; as, to discern between good and evil,
truth and falsehood.
More than sixscore thousand that cannot discern
between their right hand their left.
Jonah iv. 11.
2. To make cognizance. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Dis*cern"ance (?), n.
Discernment. [Obs.]
Dis*cern"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, discerns, distinguishes, perceives, or judges;
as, a discerner of truth, of right and
wrong.
A great observer and discerner of men's
natures.
Clarendon.
Dis*cern"i*ble (?), a. [L.
discernibilis.] Capable of being discerned
by the eye or the understanding; as, a star is
discernible by the eye; the identity of difference of
ideas is discernible by the understanding.
The effect of the privations and sufferings . . . was
discernible to the last in his temper and
deportment.
Macaulay.
Syn. -- Perceptible; distinguishable; apparent; visible;
evident; manifest.
Dis*cern"i*ble*ness, n. The quality of
being discernible.
Dis*cern"i*bly, adv. In a manner to be
discerned; perceptibly; visibly.
Hammond.
Dis*cern"ing, a. Acute; shrewd;
sagacious; sharp-sighted.
Macaulay.
Dis*cern"ing*ly, adv. In a discerning
manner; with judgment; judiciously; acutely.
Garth.
Dis*cern"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
discernement.]
1. The act of discerning.
2. The power or faculty of the mind by which it
distinguishes one thing from another; power of viewing
differences in objects, and their relations and tendencies;
penetrative and discriminate mental vision; acuteness; sagacity;
insight; as, the errors of youth often proceed from the want
of discernment.
Syn. -- Judgment; acuteness; discrimination; penetration;
sagacity; insight. -- Discernment, Penetration,
Discrimination. Discernment is keenness and
accuracy of mental vision; penetration is the power of
seeing deeply into a subject in spite of everything that
intercepts the view; discrimination is a capacity of
tracing out minute distinctions and the nicest shades of thought.
A discerning man is not easily misled; one of a
penetrating mind sees a multitude of things which
escape others; a discriminating judgment detects the
slightest differences.
Dis*cerp" (?), v. t. [L.
discerpere, discerptum; dis- +
carpere to pluck.]
1. To tear in pieces; to rend.
[R.]
Stukeley.
2. To separate; to disunite.
[R.]
Bp. Hurd.
{ Dis*cerp`i*bil"i*ty (?),
Dis*cerp`ti*bil"i*ty (?) }, n.
Capability or liableness to be discerped.
[R.]
Wollaston.
{ Dis*cerp"i*ble (?),
Dis*cerp"ti*ble (?) }, a.
[See Discerp.] Capable of being
discerped. [R.]
Dis*cerp"tion (?), n. [L.
discerptio.] The act of pulling to pieces,
or of separating the parts.
Bp. Hall.
Dis*cerp"tive (?), a. Tending
to separate or disunite parts.
Encys. Dict.
Dis*ces"sion (?), n. [L.
discessio, fr. discedere,
discessum. See Discede.]
Departure. [Obs.]
Dis*charge" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Discharged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Discharging.] [OE.
deschargen, dischargen, OF.
deschargier, F. d\'82charger; pref.
des- (L. dis) + chargier, F.
charger. See Charge.]
1. To relieve of a charge, load, or burden; to
empty of a load or cargo; to unburden; to unload; as, to
discharge a vessel.
2. To free of the missile with which anything is
charged or loaded; to let go the charge of; as, to
discharge a bow, catapult, etc.; especially, said
of firearms, -- to fire off; to shoot off; also, to relieve from
a state of tension, as a Leyden jar.
The galleys also did oftentimes, out of their prows,
discharge their great pieces against the city.
Knolles.
Feeling in other cases discharges itself in
indirect muscular actions.
H. Spencer.
3. To of something weighing upon or impeding over
one, as a debt, claim, obligation, responsibility, accusation,
etc.; to absolve; to acquit; to clear.
Discharged of business, void of strife.
Dryden.
In one man's fault discharge another man of his
duty.
L'Estrange.
4. To relieve of an office or employment; to send
away from service; to dismiss.
Discharge the common sort
With pay and thanks.
Shak.
Grindal . . . was discharged the government of his
see.
Milton.
5. To release legally from confinement; to set at
liberty; as, to discharge a prisoner.
6. To put forth, or remove, as a charge or burden;
to take out, as that with which anything is loaded or filled;
as, to discharge a cargo.
7. To let fly, as a missile; to shoot.
They do discharge their shot of courtesy.
Shak.
8. To set aside; to annul; to dismiss.
We say such an order was \'bddischarged on
appeal.\'b8
Mozley & W.
The order for Daly's attendance was discharged.
Macaulay.
9. To throw off the obligation of, as a duty or
debt; to relieve one's self of, by fulfilling conditions,
performing duty, trust, and the like; hence, to perform or
ex//te, as an office, or part.
Had I a hundred tongues, a wit so large
As could their hundred offices discharge.
Dryden.
10. To send away (a creditor) satisfied by payment;
to pay one's debt or obligation to. [Obs.]
If he had
The present money to discharge the Jew.
Shak.
11. To give forth; to emit or send out; as, a
pipe discharges water; to let fly; to give
expression to; to utter; as, to discharge a horrible
oath.
12. To prohibit; to forbid. [Scot.
Obs.]
Sir W. Scott.
Discharging arch (Arch.), an arch
over a door, window, or other opening, to distribute the pressure
of the wall above. See Illust. of Lintel.
-- Discharging piece, Discharging
strut (Arch.), a piece set to carry
thrust or weight to a solid point of support. --
Discharging rod (Elec.), a bent wire,
with knobs at both ends, and insulated by a glass handle. It is
employed for discharging a Leyden jar or an electrical battery.
See Discharger.
Syn. -- See Deliver.
Dis*charge", v. i. To throw off or
deliver a load, charge, or burden; to unload; to emit or give
vent to fluid or other contents; as, the water pipe
discharges freely.
The cloud, if it were oily or fatty, would not
discharge.
Bacon.
Dis*charge", n. [Cf. F.
d\'82charge. See Discharge, v.
t.]
1. The act of discharging; the act of relieving of
a charge or load; removal of a load or burden; unloading; as,
the discharge of a ship; discharge of a
cargo.
2. Firing off; explosive removal of a charge;
explosion; letting off; as, a discharge of arrows,
of artillery.
3. Act of relieving of something which oppresses or
weighs upon one, as an obligation, liability, debt, accusation,
etc.; acquittance; as, the discharge of a
debtor.
4. Act of removing, or getting rid of, an
obligation, liability, etc.; fulfillment, as by the payment of a
debt, or the performance of a trust or duty.
Indefatigable in the discharge of
business.
Motley.
Nothing can absolve us from the discharge of those
duties.
L'Estrange.
5. Release or dismissal from an office, employment,
etc.; dismission; as, the discharge of a workman by
his employer.
6. Legal release from confinement; liberation;
as, the discharge of a prisoner.
7. The state of being discharged or relieved of a
debt, obligation, office, and the like; acquittal.
Too secure of our discharge
From penalty.
Milton.
8. That which discharges or releases from an
obligation, liability, penalty, etc., as a price of ransom, a
legal document.
Death, who sets all free,
Hath paid his ransom now and full discharge.
Milton.
9. A flowing or issuing out; emission; vent;
evacuation; also, that which is discharged or emitted; as, a
rapid discharge of water from the pipe.
The hemorrhage being stopped, the next occurrence is a thin
serous discharge.
S. Sharp.
<-- p. 420 -->
Charge and discharge. (Equity Practice)
See under Charge, n. --
Paralytic discharge (Physiol.), the
increased secretion from a gland resulting from the cutting of
all of its nerves.
Dis*char"ger (?), n. One who,
or that which, discharges. Specifically, in electricity, an
instrument for discharging a Leyden jar, or electrical battery,
by making a connection between the two surfaces; a discharging
rod.
Dis*chev"ele (?), a.
Disheveled. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dis*church" (?), v. t. To
deprive of status as a church, or of membership in a
church.
Bp. Hall.
Dis*cide" (?), v. t. [L.
discidere; dis- + caedere to
cut.] To divide; to cleave in two.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
Dis*cif"er*ous (?), a.
[Disc- + -ferous.]
Bearing disks.
{ Dis`ci*flo"ral (?),
Dis`ci*flo"rous (?), } a.
[See Disk, and Floral.]
(Bot.) Bearing the stamens on a discoid outgrowth
of the receptacle; -- said of a subclass of plants. Cf.
Calycifloral.
Dis"ci*form (?), a.
Discoid.
\'d8Dis*ci"na (?), n. [NL., fr.
L. discus disk, Gr. /.] (Zo\'94l.)
A genus of Branchiopoda, having a disklike shell, attached
by one valve, which is perforated by the peduncle.
Dis*cinct (?), a. [L.
discinctus, p. p. of discingere to ungird;
dis- + cingere to gird.]
Ungirded; loosely dressed. [R.]
Sir W. Scott.
Dis*cind" (?), v. t. [L.
discindere; dis- + scindere to
cut, split.] To part; to divide.
[Obs.]
Boyle.
Dis*ci"ple (?), n. [OE.
disciple, deciple, OF. disciple,
fr. L. discipulus, fr. discere to learn
(akin to docere to teach; see Docile) + prob.
a root meaning to turn or drive, as in L.
pellere to drive (see Pulse).] One
who receives instruction from another; a scholar; a learner;
especially, a follower who has learned to believe in the truth of
the doctrine of his teacher; an adherent in doctrine; as, the
disciples of Plato; the disciples of our
Savior.
The disciples, The twelve
disciples, the twelve selected companions of
Jesus; -- also called the apostles. --
Disciples of Christ. See Christian,
n., 3, and Campbellite.
Syn. -- Learner; scholar; pupil; follower; adherent.
Dis*ci"ple, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Discipled (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Discipling.]
1. To teach; to train. [Obs.]
That better were in virtues discipled.
Spenser.
2. To punish; to discipline.
[Obs.]
B. Jonson.
3. To make disciples of; to convert to doctrines or
principles. [R.]
Sending missionaries to disciple all nations.
E. D. Griffin.
Dis*ci"ple*ship, n. The state of being a
disciple or follower in doctrines and precepts.
Jer. Taylor.
Dis*ci"pless (?), n. A female
disciple. [Obs.]
Dis"ci*plin*a*ble (?), a. [Cf.
F. disciplinable. See Discipline.]
1. Capable of being disciplined or improved by
instruction and training.
2. Liable or deserving to be disciplined; subject
to disciplinary punishment; as, a disciplinable
offense.
Dis"ci*plin*a*ble*ness, n. The quality
of being improvable by discipline.
Sir M. Hale.
Dis"ci*plin*al (?), a. Relating
to discipline.
Latham.
Dis"ci*plin*ant (?), n. [See
Discipline.] (Eccl. Hist.) A
flagellant. See Flagellant.
Dis`ci*plin*a"ri*an (?), a.
Pertaining to discipline. \'bdDisplinarian
system.\'b8
Milman.
Dis`ci*plin*a"ri*an, n.
1. One who disciplines; one who excels in training,
especially with training, especially with regard to order and
obedience; one who enforces rigid discipline; a stickler for the
observance of rules and methods of training; as, he is a
better disciplinarian than scholar.
2. A Puritan or Presbyterian; -- because of rigid
adherence to religious or church discipline.
[Obs.]
Dis"ci*plin*a*ry (?), a. [LL.
disciplinarius flogging: cf. F.
disciplinaire.] Pertaining to discipline;
intended for discipline; corrective; belonging to a course of
training.
Those canons . . . were only disciplinary.
Bp. Ferne.
The evils of the . . . are disciplinary and
remedial.
Buckminster.
Dis`ci*pline (?), n. [F.
discipline, L. disciplina, from
discipulus. See Disciple.]
1. The treatment suited to a disciple or learner;
education; development of the faculties by instruction and
exercise; training, whether physical, mental, or moral.
Wife and children are a kind of discipline of
humanity.
Bacon.
Discipline aims at the removal of bad habits and
the substitution of good ones, especially those of order,
regularity, and obedience.
C. J. Smith.
2. Training to act in accordance with established
rules; accustoming to systematic and regular action; drill.
Their wildness lose, and, quitting nature's part,
Obey the rules and discipline of art.
Dryden.
3. Subjection to rule; submissiveness to order and
control; habit of obedience.
The most perfect, who have their passions in the best
discipline, are yet obliged to be constantly on their
guard.
Rogers.
4. Severe training, corrective of faults;
instruction by means of misfortune, suffering, punishment,
etc.
A sharp discipline of half a century had sufficed
to educate /s.
Macaulay.
5. Correction; chastisement; punishment inflicted
by way of correction and training.
Giving her the discipline of the strap.
Addison.
6. The subject matter of instruction; a branch of
knowledge.
Bp. Wilkins.
7. (Eccl.) The enforcement of methods of
correction against one guilty of ecclesiastical offenses;
reformatory or penal action toward a church member.
8. (R. C. Ch.) Self- inflicted and
voluntary corporal punishment, as penance, or otherwise;
specifically, a penitential scourge.
9. (Eccl.) A system of essential rules
and duties; as, the Romish or Anglican
discipline.
Syn. -- Education; instruction; training; culture;
correction; chastisement; punishment.
Dis"ci*pline (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disciplined
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disciplining.] [Cf. LL.
disciplinarian to flog, fr. L. disciplina
discipline, and F. discipliner to discipline.]
1. To educate; to develop by instruction and
exercise; to train.
2. To accustom to regular and systematic action; to
bring under control so as to act systematically; to train to act
together under orders; to teach subordination to; to form a habit
of obedience in; to drill.
Ill armed, and worse disciplined.
Clarendon.
His mind . . . imperfectly disciplined by
nature.
Macaulay.
3. To improve by corrective and penal methods; to
chastise; to correct.
Has he disciplined Aufidius soundly?
Shak.
4. To inflict ecclesiastical censures and penalties
upon.
Syn. -- To train; form; teach; instruct; bring up; regulate;
correct; chasten; chastise; punish.
Dis"ci*plin*er (?), n. One who
disciplines.
Dis*claim" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disclaimed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disclaiming.]
1. To renounce all claim to deny; ownership of, or
responsibility for; to disown; to disavow; to reject.
He calls the gods to witness their offense;
Disclaims the war, asserts his innocence.
Dryden.
He disclaims the authority of Jesus.
Farmer.
2. To deny, as a claim; to refuse.
The payment was irregularly made, if not
disclaimed.
Milman.
3. (Law) To relinquish or deny having a
claim; to disavow another's claim; to decline accepting, as an
estate, interest, or office.
Burrill.
Syn. -- To disown; disavow; renounce; repudiate.
Dis*claim", v. t. To disavow or renounce
all part, claim, or share.
Blackstone.
Disclaim in, Disclaim
from, to disown; to disavow. [Obs.]
\'bdNature disclaims in thee.\'b8
Shak.
Dis*claim"er (?), n.
1. One who disclaims, disowns, or renounces.
2. (Law) A denial, disavowal, or
renunciation, as of a title, claim, interest, estate, or trust;
relinquishment or waiver of an interest or estate.
Burrill.
3. A public disavowal, as of pretensions, claims,
opinions, and the like.
Burke.
Dis`cla*ma"tion (?), n. A
disavowing or disowning.
Bp. Hall.
Dis*clame" (?), v. t. To
disclaim; to expel. [Obs.] \'bdMoney did love
disclame.\'b8
Spenser.
Dis*claun"der (?), v. t. [From
OE. disclaundre, n., for
sclandre, esclandre, OF.
esclandre. See Sclaundre,
Slander.] To injure one's good name; to
slander. [Obs.]
Dis*cloak" (?), v. t. To take
off a cloak from; to uncloak. [Obs.]
B. Jonson.
Dis*close" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disclosed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disclosing.] [OE. desclosen,
disclosen, fr. disclos, desclos,
not shut in, open, OF. desclos, p. p. of
desclore to open, F. d\'82clore; pref.
des- (L. dis-) + clore to shut,
fr. L. claudere to shut. See Close, and cf.
Disclusion.]
1. To unclose; to open; -- applied esp. to eggs in
the sense of to hatch.
The ostrich layeth her eggs under sand, where the heat of the
discloseth them.
Bacon.
2. To remove a cover or envelope from;; to set free
from inclosure; to uncover.
The shells being broken, . . . the stone included in them is
thereby disclosed and set at liberty.
Woodward.
3. To lay open or expose to view; to cause to
appear; to bring to light; to reveal.
How softly on the Spanish shore she plays,
Disclosing rock, and slope, and forest brown!
Byron.
Her lively looks a sprightly mind disclose.
Pope.
4. To make known, as that which has been kept
secret or hidden; to reveal; to expose; as, events have
disclosed his designs.
If I disclose my passion,
Our friendship 's an end.
Addison.
Syn. -- To uncover; open; unveil; discover; reveal; divulge;
tell; utter.
Dis*close", n. Disclosure.
[Obs.]
Shak. Young.
Dis*closed" (?), p. a.
(Her.) Represented with wings expanded; --
applied to doves and other birds not of prey.
Cussans.
Dis*clos"er (?), n. One who
discloses.
Dis*clo"sure (?; 135), n. [See
Disclose, v. t., and cf.
Closure.]
1. The act of disclosing, uncovering, or revealing;
bringing to light; exposure.
He feels it [his secret] beating at his heart, rising to his
throat, and demanding disclosure.
D. Webster.
2. That which is disclosed or revealed.
Were the disclosures of 1695 forgotten?
Macaulay.
Dis*cloud" (?), v. t. To clear
from clouds. [Archaic]
Fuller.
Dis*clout" (?), v. t. To divest
of a clout. [R.]
Dis*clu"sion (?), n. [L.
disclusio, fr. discludere,
disclusum, to separate. See Disclose.]
A shutting off; exclusion. [Obs.]
Dr. H. More.
Dis*coast" (?), v. i. [Pref.
dis- + coast: cf. It.
discostare.] To depart; to quit the coast
(that is, the side or border) of anything; to be separated.
[Obs.]
As far as heaven and earth discoasted lie.
G. Fletcher.
To discoast from the plain and simple way of
speech.
Barrow.
Dis`co*blas"tic (?), a. [Gr.
/ disk + / to grow.] (Biol.) Applied to
a form of egg cleavage seen in osseous fishes, which occurs only
in a small disk that separates from the rest of the egg.
\'d8Dis*cob"o*lus (?), n.; pl.
Discoboli (#). [L., fr. Gr. /;
/ a discu + / to throw.] (Fine Arts)
(a) A thrower of the discus. (b)
A statue of an athlete holding the discus, or about to throw
it
Discobolus of Myron was a famous
statue of antiquity, and several copies or imitations of it have
been preserved.
Dis`co*dac"tyl (?), n. [See
Discodactylia.] (Zo\'94l.) One of
the tree frogs.
\'d8Dis`co*dac*tyl"i*a (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / disk + / finger.]
(Zo\'94l.) A division of amphibians having
suctorial disks on the toes, as the tree frogs.
Dis`co*dac"tyl*ous (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Having sucking disks on the toes, as
the tree frogs.
Dis`co*her"ent (?), a.
Incoherent. [R.]
Dis"coid (?), a. [Gr. /
quoit-shaped, / a round plate, quoit + / form, shape: cf. F.
disco\'8bde. See Disk.] Having the
form of a disk, as those univalve shells which have the whorls in
one plane, so as to form a disk, as the pearly nautilus.
Discoid flower (Bot.), a compound
flower, consisting of tubular florets only, as a tansy, lacking
the rays which are seen in the daisy and sunflower.
Dis"coid, n. Anything having the form of
a discus or disk; particularly, a discoid shell.
Dis*coid"al (?), a. [Cf. F.
disco\'8bdal.] Disk-shaped; discoid.
Dis"co*lith (?), n. [Gr. / a
round plate + -lith.] (Biol.)
One of a species of coccoliths, having an oval discoidal
body, with a thick strongly refracting rim, and a thinner central
portion. One of them measures about
Dis*col"or (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Discolored
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Discoloring.] [OE.
descolouren, OF. descolorer, F.
d\'82colorer, fr. L. dis- +
cololare, coloratum, to color,
color color. See Color.]
[Written also discolour.]
1. To alter the natural hue or color of; to change
to a different color; to stain; to tinge; as, a drop of wine
will discolor water; silver is discolored by
sea water.
2. To alter the true complexion or appearance of;
to put a false hue upon.
To discolor all your ideas.
Wat//
Dis*col"or*ate (?), v. t. To
discolor. [R.]
Fuller.
Dis*col`or*a"tion (?), n. [Cf.
F. decoloration.]
1. The act of discoloring, or the state of being
discolored; alteration of hue or appearance.
Darwin.
2. A discolored spot; a stain.
Arbuthnot.
Dis*col"ored (?), a.
1. Altered in color; /tained.
2. Variegated; of divers colors.
[R.]
That ever wore discolored arms.
Chapman.
Dis*com"fit (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Discomfited; p.
pr. & vb. n. Discomfiting.] [OF.
desconfit, p. p. of desconfire, F.
d\'82confire; fr. L. dis- +
conficere to make ready, prepare, bring about. See
Comfit, Fact.]
1. To scatter in fight; to put to rout; to
defeat.
And his proud foes discomfit in victorious
field.
Spenser.
2. To break up and frustrate the plans of; to
balk/ to throw into perplexity and dejection; to
disconcert.
Well, go with me and be not so discomfited.
Shak.
Syn. -- To defeat; overthrow; overpower; vanquish; conquer;
baffle; frustrate; confound; discourage.
Dis*com"fit, a. Discomfited;
overthrown. [Obs.]
Dis*com"fit, n. Rout; overthrow;
discomfiture.
Such as discomfort as shall quite despoil him.
Milton.
Dis*com"fi*ture (?; 135), n.
[OF. desconfiture, F. d\'82confiture.
See Discomfort, v. t., and cf.
Comfiture.] The act of discomfiting, or the
state of being discomfited; rout; overthrow; defeat; frustration;
confusion and dejection.
Every man's sword was against his fellow, and there was a very
great discomfiture.
1 Sam. xiv. 20.
A hope destined to end . . . in discomfiture and
disgrace.
Macaulay.
Dis*com"fort (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Discomforted;
p. pr. & vb. n. Discomforting.]
[OF. desconforter, F. d\'82conforter,
to discourage; pref. des- (L dis-) +
conforter. See Comfort.]
1. To discourage; to deject.
His funeral shall not be in our camp,
Lest it discomfort us.
Shak.
2. To destroy or disturb the comfort of; to deprive
o/ quiet enjoyment; to make uneasy; to pain; as, a smoky
chimney discomforts a family.
Dis*com"fort, n. [OF.
desconfort, F. d\'82confort. See
Discomfort, v. t.]
1. Discouragement. [Obs.]
Shak.
2. Want of comfort; uneasiness, mental or physical;
disturbance of peace; inquietude; pain; distress; sorrow.
\'bdAn age of spiritual discomfort.\'b8
M. Arnold.
Strive against all the discomforts of thy
sufferings.
Bp. Hall.
Dis*com"fort*a*ble (?), a. [Cf.
OF. desconfortable.]
1. Causing discomfort; occasioning uneasiness;
making sad. [Obs.]
Sir P. Sidney.
2. Destitute of comfort; uncomfortable.
[R.]
A labyrinth of little discomfortable garrets.
Thackeray.
-- Dis*com"fort*a*ble*ness, n.
[Obs.]
Dis`com*mend" (?), v. t.
1. To mention with disapprobation; to blame; to
disapprove. [R.]
Spenser.
By commending something in him that is good, and
discommending the same fault in others.
Jer. Taylor.
<-- p. 421 -->
2. To expose to censure or ill favor; to put out of
the good graces of any one.
A compliance will discommend me to Mr.
Coventry.
Pepys.
Dis`com*mend"a*ble (?), a.
Deserving, disapprobation or blame. --
Dis`com*mend"a*ble*ness,
n.
Dis*com`men*da"tion (?), n.
Blame; censure; reproach. [R.]
Ayliffe.
Dis`com*mend"er (?), n. One who
discommends; a dispraiser.
Johnson.
Dis`com*mis"sion (?), v. t. To
deprive of a commission or trust. [R.]
Laud.
Dis*com"mo*date (?), v. t. [L.
dis- + commodatus, p. p. of
commodare to make fit or suitable, fr.
commodus fit, commodious. See Commodious, and
cf. Discommode.] To discommode.
[Obs.]
Howell.
Dis`com*mode" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Discommoded; p.
pr. & vb. n. Discommoding.] [See
Discommodate.] To put inconvenience; to
incommode; to trouble. [R.]
Syn. -- To incommode; annoy; inconvenience.
Dis`com*mo"di*ous (?), a.
Inconvenient; troublesome; incommodious.
[R.]
Spenser.
-- Dis`com*mo"di*ous*ly, adv. --
Dis`com*mo"di*ous*ness, n.
Dis`com*mod"i*ty (?), n.
Disadvantage; inconvenience.
Bacon.
Dis*com"mon (?), v. t. 1.
To deprive of the right of common. [R.]
Bp. Hall.
2. To deprive of privileges.
[R.]
T. Warton.
3. (Law) To deprive of commonable
quality, as lands, by inclosing or appropriating.
Burrill.
Dis`com*mu"ni*ty (?), n. A lack
of common possessions, properties, or relationship.
Community of embryonic structure reveals community of descent;
but dissimilarity of embryonic development does not prove
discommunity of descent.
Darwin.
Dis*com"pa*ny (?), v. t. To
free from company; to dissociate. [R.]
It she be alone now, and discompanied.
B. Jonson.
Dis`com*plex"ion (?), v. t. To
change the complexion or hue of. [Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.
Dis`com*pli"ance (?), n.
Failure or refusal to comply; noncompliance.
A compliance will discommend me to Mr. Coventry, and a
discompliance to my lord chancellor.
Pepys.
Dis`com*pose" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Discomposed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Discomposing.] [Pref. dis- +
compose: cf. OF. decomposer, F.
d\'82composer.]
1. To disarrange; to interfere with; to disturb; to
disorder; to unsettle; to break up.
Or discomposed the headdress of a prude.
Pope.
2. To throw into disorder; to ruffle; to destroy
the composure or equanimity; to agitate.
Opposition . . . discomposeth the mind's
serenity.
Glanvill.
3. To put out of place or service; to discharge; to
displace. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Syn. -- To disorder; derange; unsettle; disturb; disconcert;
agitate; ruffle; fret; vex.
Dis`com*posed" (?), a.
Disordered; disturbed; disquieted. --
Dis`com*pos"ed*ly (#),
adv. -- Dis`com*pos"ed*ness,
n.
Dis*com`po*si"tion (?), n.
Inconsistency; discordance. [Obs.]
Donne.
Dis`com*po"sure (?; 135), n.
1. The state of being discomposed; disturbance;
disorder; agitation; perturbation.
No discomposure stirred her features.
Akenside.
2. Discordance; disagreement of parts.
[Obs.]
Boyle.
Dis*compt" (?), v. t. [See
Discount.] To discount. See
Discount.
Hudibras.
Dis`con*cert" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disconcerted;
p. pr. & vb. n. Disconcerting.]
[Pref. dis- + concert: cf. OF.
desconcerter, F. d\'82concerter.]
1. To break up the harmonious progress of; to throw
into disorder or confusion; as, the emperor
disconcerted the plans of his enemy.
2. To confuse the faculties of; to disturb the
composure of; to discompose; to abash.
The embrace disconcerted the daughter-in-law
somewhat, as the caresses of old gentlemen unshorn and perfumed
with tobacco might well do.
Thackeray.
Syn. -- To discompose; derange; ruffle; confuse; disturb;
defeat; frustrate.
Dis`con*cert" (?), n. Want of
concert; disagreement.
Sir W. Temple.
Dis`con*cer"tion (?), n. The
act of disconcerting, or state of being disconcerted;
discomposure; perturbation. [R.]
State Trials (1794).
Dis`con*du"cive (?), a. Not
conductive; impeding; disadvantageous. [R.]
Dis`con*form"a*ble (?), a. Not
conformable.
Disconformable in religion from us.
Stow (1603).
Dis`con*form"i*ty (?), n. Want
of conformity or correspondence; inconsistency;
disagreement.
Those . . . in some disconformity to ourselves.
Milton.
Disagreement and disconformity betwixt the speech
and the conception of the mind.
Hakewill.
Dis`con*gru"i*ty (?), n.
Incongruity; disagreement; unsuitableness.
Sir M. Hale.
Dis`con*nect" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disconnected;
p. pr. & vb. n. Disconnecting.]
To dissolve the union or connection of; to disunite; to
sever; to separate; to disperse.
The commonwealth itself would . . . be disconnected
into the dust and powder of individuality.
Burke.
This restriction disconnects bank paper and the
precious metals.
Walsh.
Dis`con*nec"tion (?), n. The
act of disconnecting, or state of being disconnected; separation;
want of union.
Nothing was therefore to be left in all the subordinate
members but weakness, disconnection, and
confusion.
Burke.
Dis*con"se*crate (?), v. t. To
deprive of consecration or sacredness. [R.]
Dis`co*sent" (?), v. i. To
differ; to disagree; to dissent. [Obs.]
Milton.
Dis*con"so*la`cy (?), n. The
state of being disconsolate. [Obs.]
Barrow.
Dis*con"so*late (?), n.
Disconsolateness. [Obs.]
Barrow.
Dis*con"so*late (?), a. [LL.
disconsolatus; L. dis- +
consolatus, p. p. of consolari to console.
See Console, v. t.]
1. Destitute of consolation; deeply dejected and
dispirited; hopelessly sad; comfortless; filled with grief;
as, a bereaved and disconsolate parent.
One morn a Peri at the gate
Of Eden stood disconsolate.
Moore.
The ladies and the knights, no shelter nigh,
Were dropping wet, disconsolate and wan.
Dryden.
2. Inspiring dejection; saddening; cheerless;
as, the disconsolate darkness of the winter
nights.
Ray.
Syn. -- Forlorn; melancholy; sorrowful; desolate; woeful;
hopeless; gloomy.
-- Dis*con"so*late*ly, adv. --
Dis*con"so*late*ness, n.
Dis*con"so*la`ted (?), a.
Disconsolate. [Obs.]
A poor, disconsolated, drooping creature.
Sterne.
Dis*con`so*la"tion (?), n.
Dejection; grief. [R.]
Bp. Hall.
Dis`con*tent" (?), a. Not
content; discontented; dissatisfied.
Jer. Taylor.
Passion seemed to be much discontent, but Patience
was very quiet.
Bunyan.
Dis`con*tent", v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Discontented; p. pr. & vb. n.
Discontenting.] To deprive if content;
to make uneasy; to dissatisfy.
Suckling.
Dis`con*tent", n. 1. Want of
content; uneasiness and inquietude of mind; dissatisfaction;
disquiet.
Now is the winter of our discontent
Made glorious summer by this sun of York.
Shak.
The rapacity of his father's administration had excited such
universal discontent.
Hallam
2. A discontented person; a malcontent.
[R.]
Thus was the Scotch nation full of discontents.
Fuller.
Dis*con`ten*ta"tion (?), n.
Discontent. [Obs.]
Ascham.
Dis`con*tent"ed (?), p. p. & a.
Dissatisfied; uneasy in mind; malcontent.
And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in
debt, and every one that was discontented, gathered
themselves unto him.
1 Sam. xxii. 2.
-- Dis`con*tent"ed*ly, adv. --
Dis`con*tent"ed*ness, n.
Dis`con*tent"ful (?), a. Full
of discontent. [R.]
Dis`con*tent"ing, a. 1.
Discontented. [Obs.]
Shak.
2. Causing discontent; dissatisfying.
Milton.
Dis`con*tent"ive (?), a.
Relating or tending to discontent. [R.]
\'bdPride is ever discontentive.\'b8
Feltham.
Dis`con*tent"ment (?), n. The
state of being discontented; uneasiness; inquietude.
Bacon.
Dis`con*tin"u*a*ble (?), a.
Admitting of being discontinued. [R.]
Dis`con*tin"u*ance (?), n.
1. The act of discontinuing, or the state of being
discontinued; want of continued connection or continuity;
breaking off; cessation; interruption; as, a
discontinuance of conversation or intercourse;
discontinuance of a highway or of travel.
2. (Law) (a) A breaking off or
interruption of an estate, which happened when an alienation was
made by a tenant in tail, or other tenant, seized in right of
another, of a larger estate than the tenant was entitled to,
whereby the party ousted or injured was driven to his real
action, and could not enter. This effect of such alienation is
now obviated by statute in both England and the United
States. (b) The termination of an action in
practice by the voluntary act of the plaintiff; an entry on the
record that the plaintiff discontinues his action.
(c) That technical interruption of the proceedings
in pleading in an action, which follows where a defendant does
not answer the whole of the plaintiff's declaration, and the
plaintiff omits to take judgment for the part unanswered.
Wharton's Law Dict. Burrill.
Syn. -- Cessation; intermission; discontinuation;
separation; disunion; disjunction; disruption; break.
Dis`con*tin`u*a"tion (?), n.
[Cf. F. discontinuation.] Breach or
interruption of continuity; separation of parts in a connected
series; discontinuance.
Upon any discontinuation of parts, made either by
bubbles or by shaking the glass, the whole mercury falls.
Sir I. Newton.
Dis`con*tin"ue (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Discontinued
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Discontinuing.] [Cf. F.
discontinuer.] To interrupt the continuance
of; to intermit, as a practice or habit; to put an end to; to
cause to cease; to cease using, to stop; to leave off.
Set up their conventicles again, which had been
discontinued.
Bp. Burnet.
I have discontinued school
Above a twelvemonth.
Shak.
Taught the Greek tongue, discontinued before in
these parts the space of seven hundred years.
Daniel.
They modify and discriminate the voice, without appearing to
discontinue it.
Holder.
Dis`con*tin"ue, v. i. 1. To
lose continuity or cohesion of parts; to be disrupted or broken
off.
Bacon.
2. To be separated or severed; to part.
Thyself shalt discontinue from thine heritage.
Jer. xvii. 4.
Dis`con*tin`u*ee" (?), n.
(Law) One whose possession of an estate is broken
off, or discontinued; one whose estate is subject to
discontinuance.
Dis`con*tin"u*er (?), n. One
who discontinues, or breaks off or away from; an absentee.
He was no gadder abroad, not discontinuer from his
convent for a long time.
Fuller.
Dis*con`ti*nu"i*ty (?), n. Want
of continuity or cohesion; disunion of parts.
\'bdDiscontinuity of surface.\'b8
Boyle.
Dis`con*tin"u*or (?), n.
(Law) One who deprives another of the possession
of an estate by discontinuance. See Discontinuance,
2.
Dis`con*tin"u*ous (?), a.
1. Not continuous; interrupted; broken off.
A path that is zigzag, discontinuous, and
intersected at every turn by human negligence.
De Quincey.
2. Exhibiting a dissolution of continuity;
gaping. \'bdDiscontinuous wound.\'b8
Milton.
Discontinuous function (Math.), a
function which for certain values or between certain values of
the variable does not vary continuously as the variable
increases. The discontinuity may, for example, consist of an
abrupt change in the value of the function, or an abrupt change
in its law of variation, or the function may become
imaginary.
Dis`con*ven"ience (?), n.
Unsuitableness; incongruity. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Dis`con*ven"ient (?), a. Not
convenient or congruous; unsuitable; ill-adapted.
[Obs.]
Bp. Reynolds.
\'d8Dis*coph"o*ra (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / disk + / to bear.]
(Zo\'94l.) A division of acalephs or jellyfishes,
including most of the large disklike species. --
Dis*coph"o*rous (#),
a.
Dis"cord` (?), n. [OE.
discord, descord, OF. discorde,
descorde, F. discorde, from L.
discordia, fr. discors, -cordis,
discordant, disagreeable; dis- + cor,
cordis, heart; cf. F. discord,
n., and OF. descorder,
discorder, F. discorder, to discord, L.
discordare, from discors. See
Heart, and cf. Discord, v. i.]
1. Want of concord or agreement; absence of unity
or harmony in sentiment or action; variance leading to contention
and strife; disagreement; -- applied to persons or to things, and
to thoughts, feelings, or purposes.
A false witness that speaketh lies, and he that soweth
discord among brethren.
Prov. vi. 19.
Peace to arise out of universal discord fomented in
all parts of the empire.
Burke.
2. (Mus.) Union of musical sounds which
strikes the ear harshly or disagreeably, owing to the
incommensurability of the vibrations which they produce; want of
musical concord or harmony; a chord demanding resolution into a
concord.
For a discord itself is but a harshness of divers
sounds m///ing.
Bacon.
Apple of discord. See under
Apple.
Syn. -- Variance; difference; opposition; contrariety;
clashing; dissension; contention; strife; disagreement;
dissonance.
Dis*cord" (?), v. i. [OE.
discorden, descorden, from the French. See
Discord, n.] To disagree; to be
discordant; to jar; to clash; not to suit.
[Obs.]
The one discording with the other.
Bacon.
Dis*cord"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. OF.
descordable.] That may produce discord;
disagreeing; discordant. [R.]
Halliwell.
{ Dis*cord"ance (?),
Dis*cord"an*cy (?), } n.
[Cf. F. discordance.] State or quality
of being discordant; disagreement; inconsistency.
There will arise a thousand discordances of
opinion.
I. Taylor.
Dis*cord"ant (?), a. [OE.
discordant, descordaunt, OF.
descordant, discordant, F.
discordant, p. pr. of discorder, OF. also,
descorder. See Discord, n.]
1. Disagreeing; incongruous; being at variance;
clashing; opposing; not harmonious.
The discordant elements out of which the emperor
had compounded his realm did not coalesce.
Motley.
2. [See Discord, n.,
2.] (Mus.) Dissonant; not in
harmony or musical concord; harsh; jarring; as,
discordant notes or sounds.
For still their music seemed to start
Discordant echoes in each heart.
Longfellow.
3. (Geol.) Said of strata which lack
conformity in direction of bedding, either as in
unconformability, or as caused by a fault.
Syn. -- Disagreeing; incongruous; contradictory; repugnant;
opposite; contrary; inconsistent; dissonant; harsh; jarring;
irreconcilable.
-- Dis*cord"ant*ly, adv. --
Dis*cord"ant*ness, n.
[R.]
Dis*cord"ful (?), a. Full of
discord; contentious. [Obs.] \'bdHis
discordful dame.\'b8
Spenser.
Dis*cord"ous (?), a. Full of
discord. [Obs.]
Dis*cor"po*rate (?), a.
Deprived of the privileges or form of a body
corporate. [Obs.]
Jas. II.
Dis*cor`re*spond"ent (?), a.
Incongruous.
W. Montagu.
Dis*cost" (?), v. i. Same as
Discoast. [Obs.]
Dis*coun"sel (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + counsel: cf. OF.
desconseiller.] To dissuade.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
Dis"count` (?; 277), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Discounted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Discounting.] [OF.
desconter, descompter, to deduct, F.
d\'82compter to discount; pref. des- (L.
dis-) + conter, compter. See
Count, v.]
1. To deduct from an account, debt, charge, and the
like; to make an abatement of; as, merchants sometimes
discount five or six per cent for prompt payment of
bills.
2. To lend money upon, deducting the discount or
allowance for interest; as, the banks discount notes
and bills of exchange.
Discount only unexceptionable paper.
Walsh.
3. To take into consideration beforehand; to
anticipate and form conclusions concerning (an event).
4. To leave out of account; to take no notice
of. [R.]
Of the three opinions (I discount Brown's).
Sir W. Hamilton.
<-- p. 422 -->
Dis"count` (?; 277), v. i. To
lend, or make a practice of lending, money, abating the discount;
as, the discount for sixty or ninety
days.
Dis"count` (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82compte. See Discount, v.
t.]
1. A counting off or deduction made from a gross
sum on any account whatever; an allowance upon an account, debt,
demand, price asked, and the like; something taken or
deducted.
2. A deduction made for interest, in advancing
money upon, or purchasing, a bill or note not due; payment in
advance of interest upon money.
3. The rate of interest charged in
discounting.
At a discount, below par, or below the nominal
value; hence, colloquially, out of favor; poorly esteemed;
depreciated. -- Bank discount, a sum equal to
the interest at a given rate on the principal (face) of a bill or
note from the time of discounting until it become due. --
Discount broker, one who makes a business of
discounting commercial paper; a bill broker. --
Discount day, a particular day of the week when a
bank discounts bills. -- True discount, the
interest which, added to a principal, will equal the face of a
note when it becomes due. The principal yielding this interest is
the present value of the note.
Dis*count"a*ble (?), a. Capable
of being, or suitable to be, discounted; as, certain forms
are necessary to render notes discountable at a
bank.
Dis*coun"te*nance (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Discountenanced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Discountenancing (?).] [Pref.
dis- + countenance: cf. OF.
descontenancer, F. d\'82contenancer.]
1. To ruffle or discompose the countenance of; to
put of countenance; to put to shame; to abash.
How would one look from his majestic brow . . .
Discountenance her despised!
Milton.
The hermit was somewhat discountenanced by this
observation.
Sir W. Scott.
2. To refuse to countenance, or give the support of
one's approval to; to give one's influence against; to restrain
by cold treatment; to discourage.
A town meeting was convened to discountenance
riot.
Bancroft.
Dis*coun"te*nance, n. Unfavorable
aspect; unfriendly regard; cold treatment; disapprobation;
whatever tends to check or discourage.
He thought a little discountenance on those persons
would suppress that spirit.
Clarendon.
Dis*coun"te*nan*cer (?), n. One
who discountenances; one who disfavors.
Bacon.
Dis"count`er (?), n. One who
discounts; a discount broker.
Burke.
Dis*cour"age (?; 48), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Discouraged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Discouraging
(?).] [Pref. dis- +
courage: cf. OF. descoragier, F.
d\'82courager: pref. des- (L.
dis-) + corage, F. courage. See
Courage.]
1. To extinguish the courage of; to dishearten; to
depress the spirits of; to deprive of confidence; to deject; --
the opposite of encourage; as, he was
discouraged in his undertaking; he need not be
discouraged from a like attempt.
Fathers, provoke not your children to anger, lest they be
discouraged.
Col. iii. 21.
2. To dishearten one with respect to; to
discountenance; to seek to check by disfavoring; to deter one
from; as, they discouraged his efforts.
Syn. -- To dishearten; dispirit; depress; deject; dissuade;
disfavor.
Dis*cour"age, n. Lack of courage;
cowardliness.
Dis*cour"age*a*ble (?), a.
Capable of being discouraged; easily disheartened.
Bp. Hall.
Dis*cour"age*ment (?), n. [Cf.
OF. descouragement, F.
d\'82couragement.]
1. The act of discouraging, or the state of being
discouraged; depression or weakening of confidence;
dejection.
2. That which discourages; that which deters, or
tends to deter, from an undertaking, or from the prosecution of
anything; a determent; as, the revolution was commenced under
every possible discouragement.
\'bdDiscouragements from vice.\'b8
Swift.
Dis*cour"a*ger (?), n. One who
discourages.
The promoter of truth and the discourager of
error.
Sir G. C. Lewis.
Dis*cour"a*ging (?), a. Causing
or indicating discouragement. --
Dis*cour"a*ging*ly,
adv.
Dis*coure" (?), v. t. To
discover. [Obs.]
That none might her discoure.
Spenser.
Dis*course" (?), n. [L.
discursus a running to and fro, discourse, fr.
discurrere, discursum, to run to and fro,
to discourse; dis- + currere to run: cf. F.
discours. See Course.]
1. The power of the mind to reason or infer by
running, as it were, from one fact or reason to another, and
deriving a conclusion; an exercise or act of this power;
reasoning; range of reasoning faculty. [Obs.]
Difficult, strange, and harsh to the discourses of
natural reason.
South.
Sure he that made us with such large discourse,
Looking before and after, gave us not
That capability and godlike reason
To fust in us unused.
Shak.
2. Conversation; talk.
In their discourses after supper.
Shak.
Filling the head with variety of thoughts, and the mouth with
copious discourse.
Locke.
3. The art and manner of speaking and
conversing.
Of excellent breeding, admirable discourse.
Shak.
4. Consecutive speech, either written or unwritten,
on a given line of thought; speech; treatise; dissertation;
sermon, etc.; as, the preacher gave us a long
discourse on duty.
5. Dealing; transaction. [Obs.]
Good Captain Bessus, tell us the discourse
Betwixt Tigranes and our king, and how
We got the victory.
Beau. & Fl.
Dis*course" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Discoursed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Discoursing.]
1. To exercise reason; to employ the mind in
judging and inferring; to reason. [Obs.]
\'bdHave sense or can discourse.\'b8
Dryden.
2. To express one's self in oral discourse; to
expose one's views; to talk in a continuous or formal manner; to
hold forth; to speak; to converse.
Bid me discourse, I will enchant thine ear.
Shak.
3. To relate something; to tell.
Shak.
4. To treat of something in writing and
formally.
Dis*course", v. t. 1. To treat
of; to expose or set forth in language. [Obs.]
The life of William Tyndale . . . is sufficiently and at large
discoursed in the book.
Foxe.
2. To utter or give forth; to speak.
It will discourse mos/ eloquent music.
Shak.
3. To talk to; to confer with.
[Obs.]
I have spoken to my brother, who is the patron, to
discourse the minister about it.
Evelyn.
Dis*cours"er (?), n. 1.
One who discourse; a narrator; a speaker; an
haranguer.
In his conversation he was the most clear
discourser.
Milward.
2. The writer of a treatise or dissertation.
Philologers and critical discoursers.
Sir T. Browne.
Dis*cours"ive (?), a. [See
Discursive.]
1. Reasoning; characterized by reasoning; passing
from premises to consequences; discursive.
Milton.
2. Containing dialogue or conversation;
interlocutory.
The epic is everywhere interlaced with dialogue or
discoursive scenes.
Dryden.
3. Inclined to converse; conversable;
communicative; as, a discoursive man.
[R.]
Dis*cours"ive, n. The state or quality
of being discoursive or able to reason. [R.]
Feltham.
Dis*cour"te*ous (?; see Courteous,
277), a. [Pref. dis- +
courteous: cf. OF. discortois.]
Uncivil; rude; wanting in courtesy or good manners;
uncourteous. -- Dis*cour"te*ous*ly,
adv. -- Dis*cour"te*ous*ness,
n.
Dis*cour"te*sy (?), n. [Pref.
dis- + courtesy: cf. OF.
descourtoisie.] Rudeness of behavior or
language; ill manners; manifestation of disrespect;
incivility.
Be calm in arguing; for fierceness makes
Error a fault, and truth discourtesy.
Herbert.
Dis*court"ship (?), n. Want of
courtesy. [Obs.]
B. Jonson.
Disc"ous (?), a. [L.
discus disk. See Disk.] Disklike;
discoid.
Dis*cov"e*nant (?), v. t. To
dissolve covenant with.
Dis*cov"er (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Discovered
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Discovering.] [OE.
discoveren, discuren, descuren,
OF. descovrir, descouvrir, F.
d\'82couvrir; des- (L. dis-) +
couvrir to cover. See Cover.]
1. To uncover. [Obs.]
Whether any man hath pulled down or discovered any
church.
Abp. Grindal.
2. To disclose; to lay open to view; to make
visible; to reveal; to make known; to show (what has been secret,
unseen, or unknown).
Go, draw aside the curtains, and discover
The several caskets to this noble prince.
Shak.
Prosperity doth best discover vice; but adversity
doth best discover virtue.
Bacon.
We will discover ourselves unto them.
1 Sam. xiv. 8.
Discover not a secret to another.
Prov. xxv. 9.
3. To obtain for the first time sight or knowledge
of, as of a thing existing already, but not perceived or known;
to find; to ascertain; to espy; to detect.
Some to discover islands far away.
Shak.
4. To manifest without design; to show.
The youth discovered a taste for sculpture.
C. J. Smith.
5. To explore; to examine.
[Obs.]
Syn. -- To disclose; bring out; exhibit; show; manifest;
reveal; communicate; impart; tell; espy; find; out; detect. -- To
Discover, Invent. We discover what
existed before, but remained unknown; we invent by
forming combinations which are either entirely new, or which
attain their end by means unknown before. Columbus
discovered America; Newton discovered the
law of gravitation; Whitney invented the cotton gin;
Galileo invented the telescope.
Dis*cov"er, v. i. To discover or show
one's self. [Obs.]
This done, they discover.
Decke/.
Nor was this the first time that they discovered to
be followers of this world.
Milton.
Dis*cov`er*a*bil"i*ty (?), n.
The quality of being discoverable. [R.]
Carlyle.
Dis*cov"er*a*ble (?), a.
Capable of being discovered, found out, or perceived;
as, many minute animals are discoverable only by the
help of the microscope; truths discoverable by human
industry.
Dis*cov"er*er (?), n. 1.
One who discovers; one who first comes to the knowledge of
something; one who discovers an unknown country, or a new
principle, truth, or fact.
The discoverers and searchers of the land.
Sir W. Raleigh.
2. A scout; an explorer.
Shak.
Dis*cov"er*ment, n. Discovery.
[Obs.]
Dis*cov"ert (?), a. [Cf. F.
d\'82couvert uncovered, OF. descovert. See
Discover, Covert.] (Law)
Not covert; not within the bonds of matrimony; unmarried; --
applied either to a woman who has never married or to a
widow.
Dis*cov"ert, n. An uncovered place or
part. [Obs.]
At discovert, uncovered.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dis*cov"er*ture (?; 135), n.
[Pref. dis- + coverture: cf. OF.
descoverture.]
1. Discovery. [Obs.]
2. (Law) A state of being released from
coverture; freedom of a woman from the coverture of a
husband.
Dis*cov"er*y (?), n.; pl.
Discoveries (/).
1. The action of discovering; exposure to view;
laying open; showing; as, the discovery of a
plot.
2. A making known; revelation; disclosure; as,
a bankrupt is bound to make a full discovery of his
assets.
In the clear discoveries of the next [world].
South.
3. Finding out or ascertaining something previously
unknown or unrecognized; as, Harvey's discovery of
the circulation of the blood.
A brilliant career of discovery and conquest.
Prescott.
We speak of the \'bdinvention\'b8 of printing, the
discovery of America.
Trench.
4. That which is discovered; a thing found out, or
for the first time ascertained or recognized; as, the
properties of the magnet were an important
discovery.
5. Exploration; examination.
[Obs.]
Dis*cra"dle (?), v. t. To take
from a cradle. [R.]
This airy apparition first discradled
From Tournay into Portugal.
Ford.
Dis*cred"it (?), n. [Cf. F.
discr\'82dit.]
1. The act of discrediting or disbelieving, or the
state of being discredited or disbelieved; as, later accounts
have brought the story into discredit.
2. Hence, some degree of dishonor or disesteem; ill
repute; reproach; -- applied to persons or things.
It is the duty of every Christian to be concerned for the
reputation or discredit his life may bring on his
profession.
Rogers.
Syn. -- Disesteem; disrepute; dishonor; disgrace; ignominy;
scandal; disbelief; distrust.
Dis*cred"it, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Discredited; p. pr. & vb. n.
Discrediting.] [Cf. F.
discr\'82diter.]
1. To refuse credence to; not to accept as true; to
disbelieve; as, the report is
discredited.
2. To deprive of credibility; to destroy confidence
or trust in; to cause disbelief in the accuracy or authority
of.
An occasion might be given to the . . . papists of
discrediting our common English Bible.
Strype.
2. To deprive of credit or good repute; to bring
reproach upon; to make less reputable; to disgrace.
He. . . least discredits his travels who returns
the same man he went.
Sir H. Wotton.
Dis*cred"it*a*ble (?), a. Not
creditable; injurious to reputation; disgraceful;
disreputable. -- Dis*cred"it*a*bly,
adv.
Dis*cred"it*or (?), n. One who
discredits.
Dis*creet" (?), a.
[Compar. Discreeter (?);
superl. Discreetest.] [F.
discret, L. discretus separated (whence the
meaning reserved, prudent), p. p. of
discernere. See Discern, and cf.
Discrete.]
1. Possessed of discernment, especially in avoiding
error or evil, and in the adaptation of means to ends; prudent;
sagacious; judicious; not rash or heedless; cautious.
It is the discreet man, not the witty, nor the
learned, nor the brave, who guides the conversation, and gives
measures to society.
Addison.
Satire 's my weapon, but I 'm too discreet
To run amuck, and tilt at all I meet.
Pope.
The sea is silent, the sea is discreet.
Longfellow.
2. Differing; distinct. [Obs.]
Spenser.
-- Dis*creet"ly, adv. --
Dis*creet"ness, n.
{ Dis*crep"ance (?; 277),
Dis*crep"an*cy (?), } n.;
pl. -ances (#), -ancies
(#). [L. disrepantia: cf. OF.
discrepance. See Discrepant.] The
state or quality of being discrepant; disagreement; variance;
discordance; dissimilarity; contrariety.
There hath been ever a discrepance of vesture of
youth and age, men and women.
Sir T. Elyot.
There is no real discrepancy between these two
genealogies.
G. S. Faber.
Dis*crep"ant (?), a. [L.
discrepans, -antis, p. pr. of
discrepare to sound differently or discordantly;
dis- + crepare to rattle, creak: cf. OF.
discrepant. See Crepitate.]
Discordant; at variance; disagreeing; contrary;
different.
The Egyptians were . . . the most oddly discrepant
from the rest in their manner of worship.
Cudworth.
Dis*crep"ant, n. A dissident.
J. Taylor.
Dis*crete" (?), a. [L.
discretus, p. p. of discernere. See
Discreet.]
1. Separate; distinct; disjunct.
Sir M. Hale.
2. Disjunctive; containing a disjunctive or
discretive clause; as, \'bdI resign my life, but not my
honor,\'b8 is a discrete proposition.
3. (Bot.) Separate; not coalescent; --
said of things usually coalescent.
Discrete movement. See Concrete movement
of the voice, under Concrete, a.
-- Discrete proportion, proportion where the ratio
of the means is different from that of either couplet;
as, 3:6::8:16, 3 bearing the same proportion to 6 as 8 does to
16. But 3 is not to 6 as 6 to 8. It is thus opposed to
continued or continual proportion; as,
3:6::12:24. -- Discrete quantity, that which
must be divided into units, as number, and is opposed to
continued quantity, as duration, or
extension.
Dis*crete", v. t. To separate.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Dis*crete"ly, adv. Separately;
disjunctively.
Dis*cre"tion (?), n. [F.
discr\'82tion, L. discretio separation,
difference, discernment, fr. discernere,
discretum. See Discreet,
Discern.]
1. Disjunction; separation.
[Obs.]
Mede.
2. The quality of being discreet; wise conduct and
management; cautious discernment, especially as to matters of
propriety and self-control; prudence; circumspection;
wariness.
The better part of valor is discretion.
Shak.
The greatest parts without discretion may be fatal
to their owner.
Hume.
3. Discrimination.
Well spoken, with good accent and good
discretion.
Shak.
4. Freedom to act according to one's own judgment;
unrestrained exercise of choice or will.
At discretion, without conditions or
stipulations.
<-- p. 423 -->
{ Dis*cre"tion*al (?),
Dis*cre"tion*a*ry (?), }[Cf. F.
discr\'82tionnaire.] Left to discretion;
unrestrained except by discretion or judgment; as, an
ambassador with discretionary powers.
{ Dis*cre"tion*al*ly (?),
Dis*cre"tion*a*ri*ly (?), }
adv. At discretion; according to one's discretion
or judgment.
Dis*cre"tive (?), a. [L.
discretivus. See Discrete.]
Marking distinction or separation; disjunctive.
Discretive proposition (Logic & Gram.),
one that expresses distinction, opposition, or variety, by
means of discretive particles, as but,
though, yet, etc.; as, travelers change their
climate, but not their temper.
Dis*cre"tive*ly, adv. In a discretive
manner.
Dis*crim"i*na*ble (?), a.
Capable of being discriminated. [Obs.]
Bailey.
Dis*crim"i*nal (?), a. [L.
discriminalis serving to divide.] In
palmistry, applied to the line which marks the separation between
the hand and the arm.
Dis*crim"i*nant (?), n. [L.
discriminans, p. pr. of
discriminare.] (Math.) The
eliminant of the n partial differentials of any
homogenous function of n variables. See
Eliminant.
Dis*crim"i*nate (?), a. [L.
discriminatus, p. p. of discriminare to
divide, separate, fr. discrimen division, distinction,
decision, fr. discernere. See Discern, and
cf. Criminate.] Having the difference marked;
distinguished by certain tokens.
Bacon.
Dis*crim"i*nate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Discriminated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Discriminating
(?).] To set apart as being different;
to mark as different; to separate from another by discerning
differences; to distinguish.
Cowper.
To discriminate the goats from the sheep.
Barrow.
Dis*crim"i*nate (?), v. i.
1. To make a difference or distinction; to
distinguish accurately; as, in judging of evidence, we should
be careful to discriminate between probability and
slight presumption.
2. (a) To treat unequally.
(b) (Railroads) To impose unequal
tariffs for substantially the same service.
Dis*crim"i*nate*ly (?), adv. In
a discriminating manner; distinctly.
Dis*crim"i*nate*ness, n. The state of
being discriminated; distinctness.
Dis*crim"i*na`ting (?), a.
Marking a difference; distinguishing. --
Dis*crim"i*na`ting*ly,
adv.
And finds with keen discriminating sight,
Black's not so black; -- nor white so very white.
Canning.
Dis*crim`i*na"tion (?), n. [L.
discriminatio the contrasting of opposite
thoughts.]
1. The act of discriminating, distinguishing, or
noting and marking differences.
To make an anxious discrimination between the
miracle absolute and providential.
Trench.
2. The state of being discriminated, distinguished,
or set apart.
Sir J. Reynolds.
3. (Railroads) The arbitrary imposition
of unequal tariffs for substantially the same service.
A difference in rates, not based upon any corresponding
difference in cost, constitutes a case of
discrimination.
A. T. Hadley.
4. The quality of being discriminating; faculty of
nicely distinguishing; acute discernment; as, to show great
discrimination in the choice of means.
5. That which discriminates; mark of
distinction.
Syn. -- Discernment; penetration; clearness; acuteness;
judgment; distinction. See Discernment.
Dis*crim"i*na*tive (?), a.
1. Marking a difference; distinguishing;
distinctive; characteristic.
That peculiar and discriminative form of life.
Johnson.
2. Observing distinctions; making differences;
discriminating. \'bdDiscriminative censure.\'b8
J. Foster. \'bdDiscriminative Providence.\'b8
Dr. H. More.
Dis*crim"i*na*tive*ly, adv. With
discrimination or distinction.
J. Foster.
Dis*crim"i*na`tor (?), n.
[LL.] One who discriminates.
Dis*crim"i*na*to*ry (?), a.
Discriminative.
Dis*crim"i*nous (?), a. [LL.
discriminosus, fr. L. discrimen the
dangerous, decisive moment. See Discriminate,
a.] Hazardous; dangerous.
[Obs.]
Harvey.
Dis*crive" (?), v. t. [OF.
descrivre. See Describe.] To
describe. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dis*crown" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Discrowned
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Discrowning.] To deprive of a
crown.
The end had crowned the work; it not unreasonably
discrowned the workman.
Motley.
Dis*cru"ci*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Discruciated;
p. pr. & vb. n. Discruciating.]
[L. discruciatus, p. p. of
discruciare. See Cruciate.] To
torture; to excruciate. [Obs.]
Discruciate a man in deep distress.
Herrick.
Dis*cu"bi*to*ry (?), a. [L.
discumbere, discubitum, to lie down,
recline at table; dis- + cumbere (in comp.)
to lie down.] Leaning; fitted for a reclining
posture. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Dis*cul"pate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disculpated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Disculpating.] [LL.
disculpatus, p. p. of disculpare to
disculpate; dis- + L. culpare to blame,
culpa fault.] To free from blame or the
imputation of a fault; to exculpate.
I almost fear you think I begged it, but I can
disculpate myself.
Walpole.
Dis`cul*pa"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
disculpation.] Exculpation.
Burke.
Dis*cul"pa*to*ry (?), a.
Tending to exculpate; exculpatory.
Dis*cum"ben*cy (?), n. [From L.
discumbens, p. pr. of discumbere. See
Discubitory.] The act of reclining at table
according to the manner of the ancients at their meals.
Sir T. Browne.
Dis*cum"ber (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + cumber: cf. OF.
descombrer.] To free from that which
cumbers or impedes; to disencumber. [Archaic]
Pope.
Dis*cure" (?), v. t. [See
Discover.] To discover; to reveal; to
discoure. [Obs.]
I will, if please you it discure, assay
To ease you of that ill, so wisely as I may.
Spenser.
Dis*cur"rent (?), a. Not
current or free to circulate; not in use.
[Obs.]
Sir E. Sandys.
Dis*cur"sion (?), n. [LL.
discursio a running different ways. See
Discourse.] The act of discoursing or
reasoning; range, as from thought to thought.
Coleridge.
Dis*cur"sist, n. A discourser.
[Obs.]
L. Addison.
Dis*cur"sive (?), a. [Cf. F.
discursif. See Discourse, and cf.
Discoursive.]
1. Passing from one thing to another; ranging over
a wide field; roving; digressive; desultory.
\'bdDiscursive notices.\'b8
De Quincey.
The power he [Shakespeare] delights to show is not intense,
but discursive.
Hazlitt.
A man rather tacit than discursive.
Carlyle.
2. Reasoning; proceeding from one ground to
another, as in reasoning; argumentative.
Reason is her being,
Discursive or intuitive.
Milton.
-- Dis*cur"sive*ly, adv. --
Dis*cur"sive*ness, n.
Dis*cur`so*ry (?), a.
Argumentative; discursive; reasoning.
[R.]
Bp. Hall.
Dis*cur"sus (?), n. [L.]
(Logic) Argumentation; ratiocination; discursive
reasoning.
Dis"cus (?), n.; pl. E.
Discuses (#), L. Disci
(#). [L. See Disk.]
1. (a) A quoit; a circular plate of some
heavy material intended to be pitched or hurled as a trial of
strength and skill. (b) The exercise with the
discus.
2. A disk. See Disk.
Dis*cuss" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Discussed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Discussing.] [L. discussus,
p. p. of discutere to strike asunder (hence came the
sense to separate mentally, distinguish);
dis- + quatere to shake, strike. See
Quash.]
1. To break to pieces; to shatter.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
2. To break up; to disperse; to scatter; to
dissipate; to drive away; -- said especially of tumors.
Many arts were used to discuss the beginnings of
new affection.
Sir H. Wotton.
A pomade . . . of virtue to discuss pimples.
Rambler.
3. To shake; to put away; to finish.
[Obs.]
All regard of shame she had discussed.
Spenser.
4. To examine in detail or by disputation; to
reason upon by presenting favorable and adverse considerations;
to debate; to sift; to investigate; to ventilate. \'bdWe
sat and . . . discussed the farm . . . and the price
of grain.\'b8 Tennyson. \'bdTo discuss
questions of taste.\'b8
Macaulay.
5. To deal with, in eating or drinking.
[Colloq.]
We sat quietly down and discussed a cold fowl that
we had brought with us.
Sir S. Baker.
6. (Law) To examine or search
thoroughly; to exhaust a remedy against, as against a principal
debtor before proceeding against the surety.
Burrill.
Syn. -- To Discuss, Examine,
Debate. We speak of examining a subject when
we ponder it with care, in order to discover its real state, or
the truth respecting it. We speak of discussing a
topic when we examine it thoroughly in its distinct parts. The
word is very commonly applied to matters of opinion. We may
discuss a subject without giving in an adhesion to any
conclusion. We speak of debating a point when we
examine it in mutual argumentation between opposing parties. In
debate we contend for or against some conclusion or
view.
Dis*cuss"er (?), n. One who
discusses; one who sifts or examines.
Wood.
Dis*cus"sion (?), n. [L.
discussio a shaking, examination, discussion: cf. F.
discussion.]
1. The act or process of discussing by breaking up,
or dispersing, as a tumor, or the like.
2. The act of discussing or exchanging reasons;
examination by argument; debate; disputation; agitation.
The liberty of discussion is the great safeguard of
all other liberties.
Macaulay.
Discussion of a problem an
equation (Math.), the operation of
assigning different reasonable values to the arbitrary quantities
and interpreting the result.
Math. Dict.
Dis*cus"sion*al (?), a.
Pertaining to discussion.
Dis*cuss"ive (?), a. [Cf. F.
discussif.]
1. (Med.) Able or tending to discuss or
disperse tumors or coagulated matter.
2. Doubt-dispelling; decisive.
[R.]
A kind of peremptory and discussive voice.
Hopkins.
Dis*cuss"ive, n. (Med.) A
medicine that discusses or disperses morbid humors; a
discutient.
Dis*cu"tient (?), a. [L.
discutiens, p. pr. of discutere. See
Discuss.] (Med.) Serving to
disperse morbid matter; discussive; as, a discutient
application. -- n. An agent (as
a medicinal application) which serves to disperse morbid
matter. \'bdFoment with discutiens.\'b8
Wiseman.
Dis*dain" (?; 277), n. [OE.
desdain, disdein, OF. desdein,
desdaing, F. d\'82dain, fr. the verb. See
Disdain, v. t.]
1. A feeling of contempt and aversion; the
regarding anything as unworthy of or beneath one; scorn.
How my soul is moved with just disdain!
Pope.
Often implying an idea of haughtiness.
Disdain and scorn ride sparkling in her eyes.
Shak.
2. That which is worthy to be disdained or regarded
with contempt and aversion. [Obs.]
Most loathsome, filthy, foul, and full of vile
disdain.
Spenser.
3. The state of being despised; shame.
[Obs.]
Shak.
Syn. -- Haughtiness; scorn; contempt; arrogance; pride. See
Haughtiness.
Dis*dain" (?; 277), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disdained
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disdaining.] [OE. disdainen,
desdainen, OF. desdeigner,
desdaigner, F. d\'82daigner;
des- (L. dis-) + daigner to
deign, fr. L. dignari to deem worthy. See
Deign.]
1. To think unworthy; to deem unsuitable or
unbecoming; as, to disdain to do a mean
act.
Disdaining . . . that any should bear the armor of
the best knight living.
Sir P. Sidney.
2. To reject as unworthy of one's self, or as not
deserving one's notice; to look with scorn upon; to scorn, as
base acts, character, etc.
When the Philistine . . . saw Dawid, he disdained
him; for he was but a youth.
1 Sam. xvii. 42.
'T is great, 't manly to disdain disguise.
Young.
Syn. -- To contemn; despise; scorn. See
Contemn.
Dis*dain", v. i. To be filled with
scorn; to feel contemptuous anger; to be haughty.
And when the chief priests and scribes saw the marvels that he
did . . . they disdained.
Genevan Testament (Matt. xxi. 15).
Dis*dained" (?), a.
Disdainful. [Obs.]
Revenge the jeering and disdained contempt
Of this proud king.
Shak.
Dis*dain"ful (?), a. Full of
disdain; expressing disdain; scornful; contemptuous;
haughty.
From these
Turning disdainful to an equal good.
Akenside.
-- Dis*dain"ful*ly, adv. --
Dis*dain"ful*ness, n.
Dis*dain"ish*ly, adv.
Disdainfully. [Obs.]
Vives.
Dis*dain"ous (?), a. [OF.
desdeignos, desdaigneux, F.
d\'82daigneux.] Disdainful.
[Obs.]
Rom. of R.
Dis*dain"ous*ly, adv.
Disdainfully. [Obs.]
Bale.
Dis*de"i*fy (?), v. t. To
divest or deprive of deity or of a deific rank or
condition.
Feltham.
Dis*deign" (?), v. t. To
disdain. [Obs.]
Guyon much disdeigned so loathly sight.
Spenser.
Dis*di"a*clast (?), n. [Gr. /
twice + / to break in twain; / through + / to break.]
(Physiol.) One of the dark particles forming the
doubly refracting disks of muscle fibers.
Dis*di`a*pa"son (?), n. [Pref.
dis- (Gr. /) + diapason.]
(Anc. Mus.) An interval of two octaves, or a
fifteenth; -- called also bisdiapason.
DIs*ease" (?), n. [OE.
disese, OF. desaise; des- (L.
dis-) + aise ease. See
Ease.]
1. Lack of ease; uneasiness; trouble; vexation;
disquiet. [Obs.]
So all that night they passed in great disease.
Spenser.
To shield thee from diseases of the world.
Shak.
2. An alteration in the state of the body or of
some of its organs, interrupting or disturbing the performance of
the vital functions, and causing or threatening pain and
weakness; malady; affection; illness; sickness; disorder; --
applied figuratively to the mind, to the moral character and
habits, to institutions, the state, etc.
Diseases desperate grown,
By desperate appliances are relieved.
Shak.
The instability, injustice, and confusion introduced into the
public counsels have, in truth, been the mortal
diseases under which popular governments have every
where perished.
Madison.
Disease germ. See under
Germ.
Syn. -- Distemper; ailing; ailment; malady; disorder;
sickness; illness; complaint; indisposition; affection. --
Disease, Disorder, Distemper,
Malady, Affection. Disease is the
leading medical term. Disorder mean/ much the same,
with perhaps some slight reference to an irregularity
of the system. Distemper is now used by physicians
only of the diseases of animals. Malady is not a
medical term, and is less used than formerly in literature.
Affection has special reference to the part, organ, or
function disturbed; as, his disease is an
affection of the lungs. A disease is
usually deep-seated and permanent, or at least prolonged; a
disorder is often slight, partial, and temporary;
malady has less of a technical sense than the other
terms, and refers more especially to the suffering endured. In a
figurative sense we speak of a disease mind, of
disordered faculties, and of mental
maladies.
Dis*ease", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Diseased (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Diseasing.]
1. To deprive of ease; to disquiet; to trouble; to
distress. [Obs.]
His double burden did him sore disease.
Spenser.
2. To derange the vital functions of; to afflict
with disease or sickness; to disorder; -- used almost exclusively
in the participle diseased.
He was diseased in body and mind.
Macaulay.
Dis*eased" (?), a. Afflicted
with disease.
It is my own diseased imagination that torments
me.
W. Irving.
Syn. -- See Morbid.
Dis*eas"ed*ness (?), n. The
state of being diseased; a morbid state; sickness.
[R.]
T. Burnet.
Dis*ease"ful (?), a. 1.
Causing uneasiness. [Obs.]
Disgraceful to the king and diseaseful to the
people.
Bacon.
2. Abounding with disease; producing diseases;
as, a diseaseful climate.
[R.]
Dis*ease"ful*ness, n. The quality of
being diseaseful; trouble; trial. [R.]
Sir P. Sidney.
Dis*ease"ment (?), n.
Uneasiness; inconvenience. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Dis*edge" (?), v. t. To deprive
of an edge; to blunt; to dull.
Served a little to disedge
The sharpness of that pain about her heart.
Tennyson.
Dis*ed"i*fy (?), v. t. To fail
of edifying; to injure. [R.]
Dis*eld"er (?), v. t. To
deprive of an elder or elders, or of the office of an
elder. [Obs.]
Fuller.
Di*sel"e*nide (?; 104), n.
[Pref. di- + selenide.]
(Chem.) A selenide containing two atoms of
selenium in each molecule.
Dis`em*bark" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disembarked
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disembarking.] [Pref. dis- +
embark: cf. F. d\'82sembarquer.]
To remove from on board a vessel; to put on shore; to land;
to debark; as, the general disembarked the
troops.
<-- p. 424 -->
Go to the bay, and disembark my coffers.
Shak.
Dis`em*bark" (?), v. i. To go
ashore out of a ship or boat; to leave a ship; to debark.
And, making fast their moorings, disembarked.
Cowper.
Dis*em`bar*ka"tion (?), n. The
act of disembarking.
Dis`em*bark"ment (?), n.
Disembarkation. [R.]
Dis`em*bar"rass (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disembarrassed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disembarrassing.] [Pref.
dis- + embarrass: cf. F.
d\'82sembarasser.] To free from
embarrassment, or perplexity; to clear; to extricate.
To disembarrass himself of his companion.
Sir W. Scott.
Dis`em*bar"rass*ment (?), n.
Freedom or relief from impediment or perplexity.
Dis`em*bay" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disembayed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disembaying.] [Pref. dis- +
embay.] To clear from a bay.
Sherburne.
Dis`em*bel"lish (?), v. t.
[Pref. dis- + embellish: cf. F.
d\'82sembellir.] To deprive of
embellishment; to disadorn.
Carlyle.
Dis`em*bit"ter (?), v. t. To
free from
Dis`em*bod"ied (?), a. Divested
of a body; ceased to be corporal; incorporeal.
The disembodied spirits of the dead.
Bryant.
Dis`em*bod"i*ment (?), n. The
act of disembodying, or the state of being disembodied.
Dis`em*bod"y (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disembodied
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disembodying.]
1. To divest of the or corporeal existence.
Devils embodied and disembodied.
Sir W. Scott.
2. (Mil.) To disarm and disband, as a
body of soldiers,-
Wilhelm.
Dis`em*bogue" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disembogued
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disemboguing.] [Sp.
desembocar; pref. des- (L. dis-)
+ embocar to put into the mouth, fr. en (L.
in) + boca mouth, fr. L. bucca
cheek. Cf. Debouch, Embogue.]
1. To pour out or discharge at the mouth, as a
stream; to vent; to discharge into an ocean, a lake, etc.
Rolling down, the steep Timav/s raves,
And through nine channels disembogues his waves.
Addison.
2. To eject; to cast forth. [R.]
Swift.
Dis`em*bogue", v. i. To become
discharged; to flow put; to find vent; to pour out
contents.
Volcanos bellow ere they disembogue.
Young.
Dis`em*bogue"ment (?), n. The
act of disemboguing; discharge.
Mease.
Dis`em*bos"som (?), v. t. To
separate from the bosom. [R.]
Young.
Dis`em*bow"el (?), v. t. [See
Embowel.]
1. To take or let out the bowels or interior parts
of; to eviscerate.
Soon after their death, they are disemboweled.
Cook.
Roaring floods and cataracts that sweep
From disemboweled earth the virgin gold.
Thomson.
2. To take or draw from the body, as the web of a
spider. [R.] \'bdHer disemboweled
web.\'b8
J. Philips.
Dis`em*bow"el*ment (?), n. The
act of disemboweling, or state of being disemboweled;
evisceration.
Dis`em*bow"ered (?), a.
Deprived of, or removed from, a bower.
[Poetic]
Bryant.
Dis`em*bran"gle (?), v. t.
[Pref. dis- + em = en (L.
in) + brangle.] To free from
wrangling or litigation. [Obs.]
Berkeley.
Dis`em*broil" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disembroiled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disembroiling.] [Pref. dis-
+ embroil.] To disentangle; to free from
perplexity; to extricate from confusion.
Vaillant has disembroiled a history that was lost
to the world before his time.
Addison.
Dis`em*ploy" (?), v. t. To
throw out of employment. [Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.
Dis`em*ploy"ment (?), n. The
state of being disemployed, or deprived of employment.
This glut of leisure and disemployment.
Jer. Taylor.
Dis`em*pow"er (?), v. t. To
deprive of power; to divest of strength.
H. Bushnell.
Dis`en*a"ble (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + enable.] To disable; to
disqualify.
The sight of it might damp me and disenable me to
speak.
State Trials (1640).
Dis`en*am"or (?), v. t. To free
from the captivity of love.
Shelton.
Dis`en*chained" (?), a. Freed
from restraint; unrestrained. [Archaic]
E. A. Poe.
Dis`en*chant" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disenchanted;
p. pr. & vb. n. Disenchanting.]
[Pref. dis- + enchant: cf. F.
d\'82senchanter.] To free from enchantment;
to deliver from the power of charms or spells; to free from
fascination or delusion.
Haste to thy work; a noble stroke or two
Ends all the charms, and disenchants the grove.
Dryden.
Dis`en*chant"er (?), n. One
who, or that which, disenchants.
Dis`en*chant"ment (?), n.
[Pref. dis- + enchantment: cf. F.
d\'82senchantement.] The act of
disenchanting, or state of being disenchanted.
Shelton.
Dis`en*charm" (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + en (L. in) +
charm.] To free from the influence of a
charm or spell; to disenchant. [R.]
Jer. Taylor.
Dis`en*close (?), v. t. See
Disinclose.
Dis`en*cour"age*ment (?), n.
Discouragement. [Obs.]
Spectator.
Dis`en*crese" (?), v. i. [Pref.
dis- + OE. encrese, E.
increase.] To decrease.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dis`en*crese", n. Decrease.
[Obs.]
Dis`en*cum"ber (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disencumbered
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disencumbering.] [Pref. dis-
+ encumber: cf. F. d\'82sencombrer.]
To free from encumbrance, or from anything which clogs,
impedes, or obstructs; to disburden.
Owen.
I have disencumbered myself from rhyme.
Dryden.
Dis`en*cum"brance (?), n.
Freedom or deliverance from encumbrance, or anything
burdensome or troublesome.
Spectator.
Dis`en*dow" (?), v. t. To
deprive of an endowment, as a church.
Gladstone.
Dis`en*dow"ment (?), n. The act
of depriving of an endowment or endowments.
[The] disendowment of the Irish Church.
G. B. Smith.
Dis`en*fran"chise (?), v. t. To
disfranchise; to deprive of the rights of a citizen. --
Dis`en*fran"chise*ment (#),
n.
Dis`en*gage" (/), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disengaged
(#); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disengaging.] [Pref. dis- +
engage: cf. F. d\'82sengager.]
To release from that with which anything is engaged,
engrossed, involved, or entangled; to extricate; to detach; to
set free; to liberate; to clear; as, to disengage
one from a party, from broils and controversies, from an oath,
promise, or occupation; to disengage the affections a
favorite pursuit, the mind from study.
To disengage him and the kingdom, great sums were
to be borrowed.
Milton.
Caloric and light must be disengaged during the
process.
Transl. of Lavoisier.
Syn. -- To liberate; free; loose; extricate; clear;
disentangle; detach; withdraw; wean.
Dis`en*gage", v. i. To release one's
self; to become detached; to free one's self.
From a friends's grave how soon we disengage!
Young.
Dis`en*gaged" (?), a. Not
engaged; free from engagement; at leisure; free from occupation
or care; vacant. -- Dis`en*ga"ged*ness
(#), n.
Dis`en*gage"ment (?), n. [Pref.
dis- + engagement: cf. F.
d\'82sengagement.]
1. The act of disengaging or setting free, or the
state of being disengaged.
It is easy to render this disengagement of caloric
and light evident to the senses.
Transl. of Lavoisier.
A disengagement from earthly trammels.
Sir W. Jones.
2. Freedom from engrossing occupation;
leisure.
Disengagement is absolutely necessary to
enjoyment.
Bp. Butler.
Dis`en*ga"ging (?), a. Loosing;
setting free; detaching.
Disengaging machinery. See under
Engaging.
Dis`en*no"ble (?), v. t. To
deprive of that which ennobles; to degrade.
An unworthy behavior degrades and disennobles a
man.
Guardian.
Dis`en*roll" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Disenrolled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disenrolling.] To erase from a roll or
list. [Written also disenrol.]
Donne.
Dis`en*san"i*ty (?), n. [Pref.
dis- + en (L. in) +
sanity.] Insanity; folly.
[Obs.]
What tediosity and disensanity
Is here among!
Beau. & Fl.
Dis`en*shroud"ed (?), a. Freed
from a shroudlike covering; unveiled.
The disenshrouded statue.
R. Browning.
Dis`en*slave" (?), v. t. To
free from bondage or slavery; to disenthrall.
He shall disenslave and redeem his soul.
South.
Dis`en*tail" (?), v. t.
(Law) To free from entailment.
Dis`en*tan"gle (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disentangled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Disentangling
(?).]
1. To free from entanglement; to release from a
condition of being intricately and confusedly involved or
interlaced; to reduce to orderly arrangement; to straighten out;
as, to disentangle a skein of yarn.
2. To extricate from complication and perplexity;
disengage from embarrassing connection or intermixture; to
disembroil; to set free; to separate.
To disentangle truth from error.
Stewart.
To extricate and disentangle themselves out of this
labyrinth.
Clarendon.
A mind free and disentangled from all corporeal
mixtures.
Bp. Stillingfleet.
Syn. -- To loose; extricate; disembarrass; disembroil;
clear; evolve; disengage; separate; detach.
Dis`en*tan"gle*ment (?), n. The
act of disentangling or clearing from difficulties.
Warton.
Dis`en*ter" (?), v. t. See
Disinter.
Dis`en*thrall" (?), v. t. [See
Enthrall.] To release from thralldom or
slavery; to give freedom to; to disinthrall.
[Written also disenthral.]
Milton.
Dis`en*thrall"ment (?), n.
Liberation from bondage; emancipation;
disinthrallment. [Written also
disenthralment.]
Dis`en*throne" (?), v. t. To
dethrone; to depose from sovereign authority.
Milton.
Dis`en*ti"tle (?), v. t. To
deprive of title or claim.
Every ordinary offense does not disentitle a son to
the love of his father.
South.
Dis`en*tomb" (?), v. t. To take
out from a tomb; a disinter.
Dis`en*trail" (?), v. t. To
disembowel; to let out or draw forth, as the entrails.
[Obs.]
As if he thought her soul to disentrail.
Spenser.
Dis`en*trance" (?), v. t. To
awaken from a trance or an enchantment.
Hudibras.
Dis`en*twine" (?), v. t. To
free from being entwined or twisted.
Shelley.
Di*sep"al*ous (?), a. [Pref.
di- + sepalous.] (Bot.)
Having two sepals; two-sepaled.
Dis*ert" (?), a. [L.
disertus, for dissertus, p. p.: cf. F.
disert. See Dissert.]
Eloquent. [Obs.]
Dis*er"ti*tude (?), n. [L.
disertitud/.] Eloquence.
[Obs.]
Dis*ert"y (?), adv. Expressly;
clearly; eloquently. [Obs.]
Holland.
Dis`es*pouse" (?), v. t. To
release from espousal or plighted faith.
[Poetic]
Milton.
Dis`es*tab"lish (?), v. t. To
unsettle; to break up (anything established); to deprive, as a
church, of its connection with the state.
M. Arnold.
Dis`es*tab"lish*ment (?), n.
1. The act or process of unsettling or breaking up
that which has been established; specifically, the withdrawal of
the support of the state from an established church; as, the
disestablishment and disendowment of the Irish Church by
Act of Parliament.
2. The condition of being disestablished.
Dis`es*teem" (?), n. Want of
esteem; low estimation, inclining to dislike; disfavor;
disrepute.
Disesteem and contempt of the public affairs.
Milton.
Dis`es*teem", v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Disesteemed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Disesteeming.]
1. To feel an absence of esteem for; to regard with
disfavor or slight contempt; to slight.
But if this sacred gift you disesteem.
Denham.
Qualities which society does not disesteem.
Ld. Lytton.
2. To deprive of esteem; to bring into disrepute;
to cause to be regarded with disfavor. [Obs.]
What fables have you vexed, what truth redeemed,
Antiquities searched, opinions disesteemed?
B. Jonson.
Dis`es*teem"er (?), n. One who
disesteems.
Boyle.
Dis*es`ti*ma"tion (?), n.
Disesteem.
Dis*ex"er*cise (?), v. t. To
deprive of exercise; to leave untrained.
[Obs.]
By disexercising and blunting our abilities.
Milton.
Dis*fame" (?), n.
Disrepute. [R.]
Tennyson.
Dis*fan"cy (?), v. t. To
dislike. [Obs.]
Dis*fash"ion (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + fashion. See Fashion, and
cf. Defeat.] To disfigure.
[Obs.]
Sir T. More.
Dis*fa"vor (?), n. [Pref.
dis- + favor: cf. OF. disfaveur,
F. d\'82faveur.] >[Written also
disfavour.]
1. Want of favor of favorable regard; disesteem;
disregard.
The people that deserved my disfavor.
Is. x. 6 (1551).
Sentiment of disfavor against its ally.
Gladstone.
2. The state of not being in favor; a being under
the displeasure of some one; state of unacceptableness; as,
to be in disfavor at court.
3. An unkindness; a disobliging act.
He might dispense favors and disfavors.
Clarendon.
Dis*fa"vor, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Disfavored (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Disfavoring.]
1. To withhold or withdraw favor from; to regard
with disesteem; to show disapprobation of; to
discountenance.
Countenanced or disfavored according as they
obey.
Swift.
2. To injure the form or looks of.
[R.]
B. Jonson.
Dis*fa"vor*a*ble (?), a. [Cf.
F. d\'82favorable.] Unfavorable.
[Obs.]
Stow.
Dis*fa"vor*a*bly, adv.
Unpropitiously. [Obs.]
Dis*fa"vor*er (?), n. One who
disfavors.
Bacon.
Dis*fea"ture (?; 135), v. t.
[Cf. Defeature.] To deprive of features;
to mar the features of. [R.]
Dis*fel"low*ship (?), v. t.
[See Fellowship, v. t.] To
exclude from fellowship; to refuse intercourse with, as an
associate.
An attempt to disfellowship an evil, but to
fellowship the evildoer.
Freewill Bapt. Quart.
Dis*fig`u*ra"tion (?), n. [See
Disfigure, and cf. Defiguration.]
The act of disfiguring, or the state of being disfigured;
defacement; deformity; disfigurement.
Gauden.
Dis*fig"ure (?; 135), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disfigured
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disfiguring.] [OF.
desfigurer, F. d\'82figurer; pref.
des- (L. dis-) + figurer to
fashion, shape, fr. L. figurare, fr. figura
figure. See Figure, and cf.
Defiguration.] To mar the figure of; to
render less complete, perfect, or beautiful in appearance; to
deface; to deform.
Disfiguring not God's likeness, but their own.
Milton.
Syn. -- To deface; deform; mar; injure.
Dis*fig"ure, n. Disfigurement;
deformity. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dis*fig"ure*ment (?), n. 1.
Act of disfiguring, or state of being disfigured;
deformity.
Milton.
2. That which disfigures; a defacement; a
blot.
Uncommon expressions . . . are a disfigurement
rather than any embellishment of discourse.
Hume.
Dis*fig"ur*er (?), n. One who
disfigures.
Dis*flesh" (?), v. t. To reduce
the flesh or obesity of. [Obs.]
Shelton.
Dis*for"est (?), v. t. 1.
To disafforest.
Fuller.
2. To clear or deprive of forests or trees.
Dis*for`es*ta"tion (?), n. The
act of clearing land of forests.
Daniel.
Dis*form"i*ty (?), n. [Cf.
Deformity.] Discordance or diversity of form;
unlikeness in form.
Uniformity or disformity in comparing together the
respective figures of bodies.
S. Clarke.
Dis*fran"chise (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disfranchised
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disfranchising.] [Cf.
Diffranchise.] To deprive of a franchise or
chartered right; to dispossess of the rights of a citizen, or of
a particular privilege, as of voting, holding office, etc.
Sir William Fitzwilliam was disfranchised.
Fabyan (1509).
He was partially disfranchised so as to be made
incapable of taking part in public affairs.
Thirlwall.
Dis*fran"chise*ment (?), n. The
act of disfranchising, or the state disfranchised; deprivation of
privileges of citizenship or of chartered immunities.
Sentenced first to dismission from the court, and then to
disfranchisement and expulsion from the colony.
Palfrey.
<-- p. 425 -->
Dis*fri"ar (?), v. t. To depose
or withdraw from the condition of a friar.
[Obs.]
Many did quickly unnun and disfriar themselves.
Fuller.
Dis*frock" (?), v. t. To
unfrock.
Dis*fur"nish (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disfurnished
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disfurnishing.] [Pref. dis-
+ furnish.] To deprive of that with which
anything is furnished (furniture, equipments, etc.); to strip; to
render destitute; to divest.
I am a thing obscure, disfurnished of
All merit, that can raise me higher.
Massinger.
Dis*fur"nish*ment (?), n. The
act of disfurnishing, or the state of being disfurnished.
Daniel.
Dis*fur"ni*ture (?; 135), n.
The act of disfurnishing, or the state of being
disfurnished. [Obs.]
Dis*fur"ni*ture, v. t. To
disfurnish. [R.]
East.
Dis*gage" (?), v. t. To free
from a gage or pledge; to disengage. [Obs.]
Holland.
Dis*gal"lant (?), v. t. To
deprive of gallantry. [Obs.]
B. Jonson.
Dis*gar"land (?), v. t. To
strip of a garland. [Poetic] \'bdThy locks
disgarland.\'b8
Drummond.
Dis*gar"nish (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + garnish. See
Degarnish.] To divest of garniture; to
disfurnish; to dismantle.
Bp. Hall.
Dis*gar"ri*son (?), v. t. To
deprive of a garrison.
Hewyt.
Dis*gav"el (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disgaveled
(?) or Disgaveled; p. pr. & vb. n.
Disgaveling.] [See
Gavelkind.] (Eng. Law) To deprive
of that principal quality of gavelkind tenure by which lands
descend equally among all the sons of the tenant; -- said of
lands.
Burrill.
Dis*gest" (?), v. t. To
digest. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Dis*ges"tion (?; 106), n.
Digestion. [Obs.]
Dis*glo"ri*fy (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disglorified
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disglorifying.] To deprive of glory; to
treat with indignity. [R.]
Disglorified, blasphemed, and had in scorn.
Milton.
Dis*glo"ry (?), n.
Dishonor. [Obs.]
To the disglory of God's name.
Northbrooke.
Dis*gorge" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disgorged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disgorging.] [F.
d\'82gorger, earlier desgorger; pref.
d\'82-, des- (L. dis-) +
gorge. See Gorge.]
1. To eject or discharge by the throat and mouth;
to vomit; to pour forth or throw out with violence, as if from
the mouth; to discharge violently or in great quantities from a
confined place.
This mountain when it rageth, . . . casteth forth huge stones,
disgorgeth brimstone.
Hakluyt.
They loudly laughed
To see his heaving breast disgorge the briny
draught.
Dryden.
2. To give up unwillingly as what one has
wrongfully seized and appropriated; to make restitution of; to
surrender; as, he was compelled to disgorge his
ill-gotten gains.
Dis*gorge", v. i. To vomit forth what
anything contains; to discharge; to make restitution.
See where it flows, disgorging at seven mouths
Into the sea.
Milton.
Dis*gorge"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82gorgement.] The act of disgorging; a
vomiting; that which is disgorged.
Bp. Hall.
Dis*gos"pel (?), v. i. To be
inconsistent with, or act contrary to, the precepts of the
gospel; to pervert the gospel. [Obs.]
Milton.
Dis*grace" (?; 277), n. [F.
disgr\'83ce; pref. dis- (L.
dis-) + gr\'83ce. See
Grace.]
1. The condition of being out of favor; loss of
favor, regard, or respect.
Macduff lives in disgrace.
Shak.
2. The state of being dishonored, or covered with
shame; dishonor; shame; ignominy.
To tumble down thy husband and thyself
From top of honor to disgrace's feet?
Shak.
3. That which brings dishonor; cause of shame or
reproach; great discredit; as, vice is a disgrace to
a rational being.
4. An act of unkindness; a disfavor.
[Obs.]
The interchange continually of favors and
disgraces.
Bacon.
Syn. -- Disfavor; disesteem; opprobrium; reproach;
discredit; disparagement; dishonor; shame; infamy; ignominy;
humiliation.
Dis*grace", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Disgraced (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Disgracing (?).] [Cf.
F. disgracier. See Disgrace,
n.]
1. To put out favor; to dismiss with
dishonor.
Flatterers of the disgraced minister.
Macaulay.
Pitt had been disgraced and the old Duke of
Newcastle dismissed.
J. Morley.
2. To do disfavor to; to bring reproach or shame
upon; to dishonor; to treat or cover with ignominy; to lower in
estimation.
Shall heap with honors him they now disgrace.
Pope.
His ignorance disgraced him.
Johnson.
3. To treat discourteously; to upbraid; to
revile.
The goddess wroth gan foully her disgrace.
Spenser.
Syn. -- To degrade; humble; humiliate; abase; disparage;
defame; dishonor; debase.
Dis*grace"ful (?), a. Bringing
disgrace; causing shame; shameful; dishonorable; unbecoming;
as, profaneness is disgraceful to a man.
-- Dis*grace"ful*fy, adv. --
Dis*grace"ful*ness, n.
The Senate have cast you forth disgracefully.
B. Jonson.
Dis*gra"cer (?), n. One who
disgraces.
Dis*gra"cious (?), a. [Cf. F.
disgracieux.] Wanting grace; unpleasing;
disagreeable.
Shak.
Dis*gra"cive (?), a.
Disgracing. [Obs.]
Feltham.
Dis`gra*da"tion (?), n. (Scots
Law) Degradation; a stripping of titles and
honors.
Dis*grade" (?), v. t. To
degrade. [Obs.]
Foxe.
Dis*grad"u*ate (?; 135), v. t.
To degrade; to reduce in rank. [Obs.]
Tyndale.
Dis"gre*gate (?), v. t. [L.
disgregare; dis- + gregare to
collect, fr. grex, gregis, flock or
herd.] To disperse; to scatter; -- opposite of
congregate. [Obs.]
Dis`gre*ga"tion (?), n.
(Physiol.) The process of separation, or the
condition of being separate, as of the molecules of a body.
Dis*grun"tle (?), v. t. To
dissatisfy; to disaffect; to anger. [Colloq.]
Dis*guise" (?; 232), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disguised
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disguising.] [OE. desguisen,
disgisen, degisen, OF.
desguisier, F. d\'82guiser; pref.
des- (L. dis-) + guise. See
Guise.]
1. To change the guise or appearance of;
especially, to conceal by an unusual dress, or one intended to
mislead or deceive.
Bunyan was forced to disguise himself as a
wagoner.
Macaulay.
2. To hide by a counterfeit appearance; to cloak by
a false show; to mask; as, to disguise anger; to
disguise one's sentiments, character, or
intentions.
All God's angels come to us disguised.
Lowell.
3. To affect or change by liquor; to
intoxicate.
I have just left the right worshipful, and his myrmidons,
about a sneaker or five gallons; the whole magistracy was pretty
well disguised before I gave them the ship.
Spectator.
Syn. -- To conceal; hide; mask; dissemble; dissimulate;
feign; pretend; secrete. See Conceal.
Dis*guise", n. 1. A dress or
exterior put on for purposes of concealment or of deception;
as, persons doing unlawful acts in disguise are
subject to heavy penalties.
There is no passion steals into the heart more imperceptibly
and covers itself under more disguises, than
pride.
Addison.
2. Artificial language or manner assumed for
deception; false appearance; counterfeit semblance or show.
That eye which glances through all disguises.
D. Webster.
3. Change of manner by drink; intoxication.
Shak.
4. A masque or masquerade.
[Obs.]
Disguise was the old English word for a masque.
B. Jonson.
Dis*guis"ed*fy (?), adv. In
disguise.
Dis*guis"ed*ness, n. The state of being
disguised.
Dis*guise"ment (?), n.
Disguise. [R.]
Spenser.
Dis*guis"er (?), n. 1.
One who, or that which, disguises.
Shak.
2. One who wears a disguise; an actor in a
masquerade; a masker. [Obs.]
E. Hall.
Dis*guis"ing, n. A masque or
masquerade. [Obs.]
Dis*gust" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disgusted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Disgusting.] [OF.
desgouster, F. d\'82go\'96ter; pref.
des- (L. dis-) + gouster to
taste, F. go\'96ter, fr. L. gustare, fr.
gustus taste. See Gust to taste.]
To provoke disgust or strong distaste in; to cause (any one)
loathing, as of the stomach; to excite aversion in; to offend the
moral taste of; -- often with at, with, or
by.
To disgust him with the world and its vanities.
Prescott.
\'92rius is expressly declared . . . to have been
disgusted at failing.
J. H. Newman.
Alarmed and disgusted by the proceedings of the
convention.
Macaulay.
Dis*gust", n. [Cf. OF.
desgoust, F. d\'82go\'96t. See
Disgust, v. t.] Repugnance to what
is offensive; aversion or displeasure produced by something
loathsome; loathing; strong distaste; -- said primarily of the
sickening opposition felt for anything which offends the physical
organs of taste; now rather of the analogous repugnance excited
by anything extremely unpleasant to the moral taste or higher
sensibilities of our nature; as, an act of cruelty may excite
disgust.
The manner of doing is more consequence than the thing done,
and upon that depends the satisfaction or disgust
wherewith it is received.
Locke.
In a vulgar hack writer such oddities would have excited only
disgust.
Macaulay.
Syn. -- Nausea; loathing; aversion; distaste; dislike;
disinclination; abomination. See Dislike.
Dis*gust"ful (?), a. Provoking
disgust; offensive to the taste; exciting aversion;
disgusting.
That horrible and disgustful situation.
Burke.
Dis*gust"ful*ness, n. The state of being
disgustful.
Dis*gust"ing, a. That causes disgust;
sickening; offensive; revolting. --
Dis*gust"ing*ly, adv.
Dish (?), n. [AS.
disc, L. discus dish, disc, quoit, fr. Gr.
/ quoit, fr. / to throw. Cf. Dais, Desk,
Disc, Discus.]
1. A vessel, as a platter, a plate, a bowl, used
for serving up food at the table.
She brought forth butter in a lordly dish.
Judg. v. 25.
2. The food served in a dish; hence, any particular
kind of food; as, a cold dish; a warm dish;
a delicious dish. \'bdA dish fit for the
gods.\'b8
Shak.
Home-home dishes that drive one from home.
Hood.
3. The state of being concave, or like a dish, or
the degree of such concavity; as, the dish of a
wheel.
4. A hollow place, as in a field.
Ogilvie.
5. (Mining) (a) A trough about
28 inches long, 4 deep, and 6 wide, in which ore is
measured. (b) That portion of the produce of
a mine which is paid to the land owner or proprietor.
Dish, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dished (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dishing.]
1. To put in a dish, ready for the table.
2. To make concave, or depress in the middle, like
a dish; as, to dish a wheel by inclining the
spokes.
3. To frustrate; to beat; to ruin.
[Low]
To dish out. 1. To serve out of a
dish; to distribute in portions at table. 2.
(Arch.) To hollow out, as a gutter in stone or
wood. -- To dish up, to take (food) from the
oven, pots, etc., and put in dishes to be served at
table.
Dis`ha*bil"i*tate (?), v. t.
[Cf. Disability.] To disqualify.
[R.]
Dis`ha*bille" (?), n. [See
Deshabille.] An undress; a loose, negligent
dress; deshabille.
They breakfast in dishabille.
Smollett.
Dis*hab"it (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + habit to inhabit.] To
dislodge. [Obs.]
Those sleeping stones . . . from their fixed beds of lime
Had been dishabited.
Shak.
Dis*hab"it*ed, p. a. Rendered
uninhabited. \'bdDishabited towns.\'b8
R. Carew.
Dis`ha*bit"u*ate (?; 135), v. t.
To render unaccustomed.
Dis*ha"ble (?), v. t. 1.
To disable. [Obs.]
2. To disparage. [Obs.]
She oft him blamed . . . and him dishabled
quite.
Spenser.
Dis*hal"low (?), v. t. To make
unholy; to profane.
Tennyson.
Nor can the unholiness of the priest dishallow the
altar.
T. Adams.
Dis`har*mo"ni*ous (?), a.
Unharmonious; discordant. [Obs.]
Hallywell.
Dis*har"mo*ny (?), n. Want of
harmony; discord; incongruity. [R.]
A disharmony in the different impulses that
constitute it [our nature].
Coleridge.
Dis*haunt" (?), v. t. To leave;
to quit; to cease to haunt.
Halliwell.
Dish"cloth` (?; 115), n. A
cloth used for washing dishes.
Dish"clout` (?), n. A
dishcloth. [Obsolescent]
Dis*heart" (?), v. t. To
dishearten. [Obs.]
Dis*heart"en (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disheartened
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disheartening.] [Pref. dis-
+ hearten.] To discourage; to deprive of
courage and hope; to depress the spirits of; to deject.
Regiments . . . utterly disorganized and
disheartened.
Macaulay.
Syn. -- To dispirit; discourage; depress; deject; deter;
terrify.
Dis*heart"en*ment (?), n.
Discouragement; dejection; depression of spirits.
Dis*heir" (?), v. t. [Cf.
Disherit.] To disinherit.
[Obs.]
Dryden.
Dis*helm" (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + helm helmet.] To deprive
of the helmet. [Poetic]
Lying stark,
Dishelmed and mute, and motionlessly pale.
Tennyson.
Dis*her"i*son (?), n. [See
Disherit.] The act of disheriting, or
debarring from inheritance; disinhersion.
Bp. Hall.
Dis*her"it (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disherited; p.
pr. & vb. n. Disheriting.] [F.
d\'82sh\'82riter; pref. d\'82s- (L.
dis-) + h\'82riter to inherit. See
Inherit, and cf. Dusheir,
Disinherit.] To disinherit; to cut off, or
detain, from the possession or enjoyment of an inheritance.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
Dis*her"it*ance (?), n. [Cf.
OF. desheritance.] The act of disinheriting
or state of being disinherited; disinheritance.
[Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.
Dis*her"it*or (?), n.
(Law) One who puts another out of his
inheritance.
Di*shev"el (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disheveled
(?) or Dishevelled; p. pr. & vb. n.
Disheveling or Dishevelling.]
[OF. descheveler, F. d\'82cheveler,
LL. discapillare; dis- + L.
capillus the hair of the head. See
Capillary.]
1. To suffer (the hair) to hang loosely or
disorderly; to spread or throw (the hair) in disorder; -- used
chiefly in the passive participle.
With garments rent and hair disheveled,
Wringing her hands and making piteous moan.
Spenser.
2. To spread loosely or disorderly.
Like the fair flower disheveled in the wind.
Cowper.
Di*shev"el, v. i. To be spread in
disorder or hang negligently, as the hair.
[R.]
Sir T. Herbert.
Di*shev"ele (?), p. p. & a.
Disheveled. [Obs.]
Dishevele, save his cap, he rode all bare.
Chaucer.
Di*shev"eled (?), a. 1.
Having in loose disorder; disarranged; as,
disheveled hair.
2. Having the hair in loose disorder.
The dancing maidens are disheveled M\'91nads.
J. A. Symonds.
Dish"ful (?), n.; pl.
Dishfuls (/). As much as a dish
holds when full.
Dish"ing, a. Dish-shaped; concave.
Dis*hon"est (?), a. [Pref.
dis- + honest: cf. F.
d\'82shonn\'88te, OF. deshoneste.]
1. Dishonorable; shameful; indecent; unchaste;
lewd. [Obs.]
Inglorious triumphs and dishonest scars.
Pope.
Speak no foul or dishonest words before them [the
women].
Sir T. North.
2. Dishonored; disgraced; disfigured.
[Obs.]
Dishonest with lopped arms the youth appears,
Spoiled of his nose and shortened of his ears.
Dryden.
3. Wanting in honesty; void of integrity;
faithless; disposed to cheat or defraud; not trustworthy; as,
a dishonest man.
4. Characterized by fraud; indicating a want of
probity; knavish; fraudulent; unjust.
To get dishonest gain.
Ezek. xxii. 27.
The dishonest profits of men in office.
Bancroft.
Dis*hon"est, v. t. [Cf. OF.
deshonester.] To disgrace; to dishonor;
as, to dishonest a maid.
[Obs.]
I will no longer dishonest my house.
Chapman.
Dis*hon"est*ly, adv. In a dishonest
manner.
Dis*hon"es*ty (?), n. [Cf. OF.
deshonest\'82, F.
d\'82shonn\'88tet\'82.]
1. Dishonor; dishonorableness; shame.
[Obs.] \'bdThe hidden things of
dishonesty.\'b8
2 Cor. iv. 2.
2. Want of honesty, probity, or integrity in
principle; want of fairness and straightforwardness; a
disposition to defraud, deceive, or betray; faithlessness.
3. Violation of trust or of justice; fraud; any
deviation from probity; a dishonest act.
4. Lewdness; unchastity.
Shak.
Dis*hon"or (?), n. [OE.
deshonour, dishonour, OF.
deshonor, deshonur, F.
d\'82shonneur; pref. des- (L.
dis-) + honor, honur, F.
honneur, fr. L. honor. See
Honor.] [Written also
dishonour.]
<-- p. 426 -->
1. Lack of honor; disgrace; ignominy; shame;
reproach.
It was not meet for us to see the king's
dishonor.
Ezra iv. 14.
His honor rooted in dishonor stood.
Tennyson.
2. (Law) The nonpayment or nonacceptance
of commercial paper by the party on whom it is drawn.
Syn. -- Disgrace; ignominy; shame; censure; reproach;
opprobrium.
Dis*hon"or (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dishonored
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dishonoring.] [OE.
deshonouren, F. d\'82shonorer; pref.
d\'82s- (L. dis-) + honorer to
honor, fr. L. honorare. See Honor, v.
t.] [Written also
dishonour.]
1. To deprive of honor; to disgrace; to bring
reproach or shame on; to treat with indignity, or as unworthy in
the sight of others; to stain the character of; to lessen the
reputation of; as, the duelist dishonors himself to
maintain his honor.
Nothing . . . that may dishonor
Our law, or stain my vow of Nazarite.
Milton.
2. To violate the chastity of; to debauch.
Dryden.
3. To refuse or decline to accept or pay; -- said
of a bill, check, note, or draft which is due or presented;
as, to dishonor a bill exchange.
Syn. -- To disgrace; shame; debase; degrade; lower; humble;
humiliate; debauch; pollute.
Dis*hon"or*a*ble (?), a. [Cf.
F. d\'82shonorable.]
1. Wanting in honor; not honorable; bringing or
deserving dishonor; staining the character, and lessening the
reputation; shameful; disgraceful; base.
2. Wanting in honor or esteem; disesteemed.
He that is dishonorable in riches, how much more in
poverty!
Ecclus. x. 31.
To find ourselves dishonorable graves.
Shak.
-- Dis*hon"or*a*ble*ness, n. --
Dis*hon"or*a*bly, adv.
Dis*hon"or*a*ry (?), a.
Bringing dishonor on; tending to disgrace; lessening
reputation.
Holmes.
Dis*hon"or*er (?), n. One who
dishonors or disgraces; one who treats another indignity.
Milton.
Dis*horn" (?), v. t. To deprive
of horns; as, to dishorn cattle.
\'bdDishorn the spirit.\'b8
Shak.
Dis*horse" (?), v. t. To
dismount.
Tennyson.
Dis*house" (?), v. t. To
deprive of house or home. \'bdDishoused
villagers.\'b8
James White.
Dis*hu"mor (?), n. Ill
humor. [Obs.]
Dis*hu"mor, v. t. To deprive of humor or
desire; to put out of humor. [Obs.]
B. Jonson.
Dish"wash`er (?), n. 1.
One who, or that which, washes dishes.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A European bird; the
wagtail.
Dish"wa`ter (?), n. Water in
which dishes have been washed. \'bdSuds and
dishwater.\'b8
Beau. & Fl.
Dis`il*lu"sion (?), n. The act
or process of freeing from an illusion, or the state of being
freed therefrom.
Lowell.
Dis`il*lu"sion, v. t. To free from an
illusion; to disillusionize.
Dis`il*lu"sion*ize (?), v. t.
To disenchant; to free from illusion. \'bdThe bitter
disillusionizing experience of postnuptial life.\'b8
W. Black.
Dis`il*lu"sion*ment (?), n. The
act of freeing from an illusion, or the state of being freed
therefrom.
Dis`im*bit"ter (?), v. t.
[Pref. dis- + imbitter. Cf.
Disembitter.] To free from bitterness.
Dis`im*park" (?), v. t. To free
from the barriers or restrictions of a park.
[R.]
Spectator.
Dis`im*pas"sioned (?), a. Free
from warmth of passion or feeling.
Dis`im*prove" (?), v. t. To
make worse; -- the opposite of improve.
[R.]
Jer. Taylor.
Dis`im*prove", v. i. To grow worse; to
deteriorate.
Dis`im*prove"ment (?), n.
Reduction from a better to a worse state; as,
disimprovement of the earth.
Dis`in*car"cer*ate (?), v. t.
To liberate from prison. [R.]
Harvey.
Dis*in`cli*na"tion (?), n. The
state of being disinclined; want of propensity, desire, or
affection; slight aversion or dislike; indisposition.
Disappointment gave him a disinclination to the
fair sex.
Arbuthnot.
Having a disinclination to books or business.
Guardian.
Syn. -- Unwillingness; disaffection; alienation; dislike;
indisposition; distaste; aversion; repugnance.
Dis`in*cline" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disinclined
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disinclining.] To incline away the
affections of; to excite a slight aversion in; to indispose; to
make unwilling; to alienate.
Careful . . . to disincline them from any reverence
or affection to the Queen.
Clarendon.
To social scenes by nature disinclined.
Cowper.
Dis`in*close" (?), v. t. [Cf.
Disenclose.] To free from being
inclosed.
Dis`in*cor"po*rate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disincorporated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disincorporating (?).]
1. To deprive of corporate powers, rights, or
privileges; to divest of the condition of a corporate body.
2. To detach or separate from a corporation.
Bacon.
Dis`in*cor"po*rate (?), a.
Separated from, or not included in, a corporation;
disincorporated.
Bacon.
Dis`in*cor`po*ra"tion (?), n.
Deprivation of the rights and privileges of a
corporation.
T. Warton.
Dis`in*fect" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disinfected; p.
pr. & vb. n. Disinfecting.] To
free from infectious or contagious matter; to destroy
putrefaction; to purify; to make innocuous.
When the infectious matter and the infectious matter and the
odoriferous matter are one . . . then to deodorize is to
disinfect.
Ure.
Dis`in*fect"ant (?), n. That
which disinfects; an agent for removing the causes of infection,
as chlorine.
Dis`in*fec"tion (?), n. The act
of disinfecting; purification from infecting matter.
Dis`in*fect"or (?), n. One who,
or that which, disinfects; an apparatus for applying
disinfectants.
Dis`in*flame" (?), v. t. To
divest of flame or ardor.
Chapman.
Dis*in`ge*nu"i*ty (?), n.
Disingenuousness. [Obs.]
Clarendon.
Dis`in*gen"u*ous (?), a. 1.
Not noble; unbecoming true honor or dignity; mean; unworthy;
as, disingenuous conduct or schemes.
2. Not ingenuous; wanting in noble candor or
frankness; not frank or open; uncandid; unworthily or meanly
artful.
So disingenuous as not to confess them
[faults].
Pope.
-- Dis`in*gen"u*ous*ly, adv.
T. Warton. -- Dis`in*gen"u*ous*ness,
n.
Macaulay.
Dis`in*hab"it*ed (?), a.
Uninhabited. [Obs.]
Dis`in*her"i*son (?), n. [See
Disinherit, v. t., and cf.
Disherison.] Same as
Disherison.
Bacon.
Dis`in*her"it (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disinherited;
p. pr. & vb. n. Disinheriting.]
[Cf. Disherit, Disheir.]
1. To cut off from an inheritance or from
hereditary succession; to prevent, as an heir, from coming into
possession of any property or right, which, by law or custom,
would devolve on him in the course of descent.
Of how fair a portion Adam disinherited his whole
posterity!
South.
2. To deprive of heritage; to dispossess.
And disinherit Chaos, that reigns here.
Milton.
Dis`in*her"it*ance (?), n. The
act of disinheriting, or the condition of being; disinherited;
disherison.
Dis`in*hume" (?), v. t. To
disinter. [R.]
Dis`in*sure" (?), v. t. To
render insecure; to put in danger. [Obs.]
Fanshawe.
Dis*in"te*gra*ble (?), a.
Capable of being disintegrated, or reduced to fragments or
powder.
Argillo-calcite is readily disintegrable by
exposure.
Kirwan.
Dis*in"te*grate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disintegrated;
p. pr. & vb. n. Disintegrating.]
[L. dis- + integratus, p. p. of
integrare to renew, repair, fr. integer
entire, whole. See Integer.] To separate into
integrant parts; to reduce to fragments or to powder; to break
up, or cause to fall to pieces, as a rock, by blows of a hammer,
frost, rain, and other mechanical or atmospheric
influences.
Marlites are not disintegrated by exposure to the
atmosphere, at least in six years.
Kirwan.
Dis*in"te*grate, v. i. To decompose into
integrant parts; as, chalk rapidly
disintegrates.
Dis*in`te*gra"tion (?), n.
(a) The process by which anything is disintegrated;
the condition of anything which is disintegrated.
Specifically (b) (Geol.) The wearing
away or falling to pieces of rocks or strata, produced by
atmospheric action, frost, ice, etc.
Society had need of further disintegration before
it could begin to reconstruct itself locally.
Motley.
Dis*in"te*gra`tor (?), n.
(Mech.) A machine for grinding or pulverizing by
percussion.
Dis`in*ter" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disinterred
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disinterring.]
1. To take out of the grave or tomb; to unbury; to
exhume; to dig up.
2. To bring out, as from a grave or hiding place;
to bring from obscurity into view.
Addison.
Dis*in"ter*ess (?), v. t. [F.
d\'82sint\'82resser to deprive of interest in; pref.
d\'82s- (L. dis-) +
int\'82resser to interest, fr. L. interesse
to import, concern. See Interest, and cf.
Disinterest.] To deprive or rid of interest
in, or regard for; to disengage. [Obs.]
Dis*in"ter*ess*ment (?), n.
[Cf. F. d\'82sint\'82ressement.]
Disinterestedness; impartiality; fairness.
[Obs.]
Prior.
Dis*in"ter*est (?), p. a.
Disinterested. [Obs.]
The measures they shall walk by shall be
disinterest and even.
Jer. Taylor.
Dis*in"ter*est, n. 1. What is
contrary to interest or advantage; disadvantage.
[Obs.]
Glanvill.
2. Indifference to profit; want of regard to
private advantage; disinterestedness. [Obs.]
Johnson.
Dis*in"ter*est, v. t. To divest of
interest or interested motives. [Obs.]
Feltham.
Dis*in"ter*est*ed, a. [Cf.
Disinteressed.] Not influenced by regard to
personal interest or advantage; free from selfish motive; having
no relation of interest or feeling; not biased or prejudiced;
as, a disinterested decision or judge.
The happiness of disinterested sacrifices.
Channing.
Syn. -- Unbiased; impartial; uninterested;
indifferent.
Dis*in"ter*est*ed*ly, adv. In a
disinterested manner; without bias or prejudice.
Dis*in"ter*est*ed*ness, n. The state or
quality of being disinterested; impartiality.
That perfect disinterestedness and self-devotion of
which man seems to be incapable, but which is sometimes found in
woman.
Macaulay.
Dis*in"ter*est*ing, a.
Uninteresting. [Obs.]
\'bdDisinteresting passages.\'b8
Bp. Warburton.
Dis`in*ter"ment (?), n. The act
of disinterring, or taking out of the earth; exhumation.
Dis`in*thrall" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disinthralled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disinthralling.] [Pref. dis-
+ inthrall. Cf. Disenthrall.] To
free from thralldom; to disenthrall. [Written also
disinthral.]
Dis`in*thrall"ment (?), n. A
releasing from thralldom or slavery; disenthrallment.
[Written also disinthralment.]
Dis*in"tri*cate (?), v. t. To
disentangle. [R.] \'bdTo
disintricate the question.\'b8
Sir W. Hamilton.
Dis`in*ure" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disinured
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disinuring.] [Pref. dis- +
inure.] To render unaccustomed or
unfamiliar.
We are hindered and disinured . . . towards the
true knowledge.
Milton.
Dis`in*ves"ti*ture (?; 135), n.
The act of depriving of investiture.
[Obs.]
Ogilvie.
Dis`in*vig"or*ate (?), v. t. To
enervate; to weaken. [R.]
Sydney Smith.
Dis`in*volve" (?), v. t. To
uncover; to unfold or unroll; to disentangle.
[R.]
Dr. H. More.
Dis*jec"tion (?), n. [L.
disjicere, disjectum, to throw asunder,
disperse; dis- + jacere to throw.]
Destruction; dispersion.
Bp. Horsley.
Dis*join" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disjoined
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disjoining.] [OF.
desjoindre, F. disjoindre,
d\'82joindre, fr. L. disjungere;
dis- + jungere to join. See Join,
and cf. Disjoint, Disjunct.] To
part; to disunite; to separate; to sunder.
That marriage, therefore, God himself disjoins.
Milton.
Never let us lay down our arms against France, till we have
utterly disjoined her from the Spanish monarchy.
Addison.
Windmill Street consisted of disjoined houses.
Pennant.
Syn. -- To disunite; separate; detach; sever; dissever;
sunder; disconnect.
Dis*join", v. i. To become separated; to
part.
Dis*joint" (?), a. [OF.
desjoint, p. p. of desjoindre. See
Disjoin.] Disjointed; unconnected; -- opposed
to conjoint.
Milton.
Dis*joint", n. [From OF.
desjoint, p. p. of desjoindre. See
Disjoint, v. t.] Difficult
situation; dilemma; strait. [Obs.] \'bdI stand
in such disjoint.\'b8
Chaucer.
Dis*joint", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Disjointed; p. pr. & vb. n.
Disjointing.]
1. To separate the joints of; to separate, as parts
united by joints; to put out of joint; to force out of its
socket; to dislocate; as, to disjoint limbs; to
disjoint bones; to disjoint a fowl in
carving.
Yet what could swords or poisons, racks or flame,
But mangle and disjoint the brittle frame?
Prior.
2. To separate at junctures or joints; to break
where parts are united; to break in pieces; as,
disjointed columns; to disjoint and
edifice.
Some half-ruined wall
Disjointed and about to fall.
Longfellow.
3. To break the natural order and relations of; to
make incoherent; as, a disjointed speech.
Dis*joint", v. i. To fall in
pieces.
Shak.
Dis*joint"ed, a. Separated at the
joints; disconnected; incoherent. --
Dis*joint"ed*ly, adv. --
Dis*joint"ed*ness, n.
Dis*joint"ly, adv. In a disjointed
state.
Sandys.
Dis*ju`di*ca"tion (?), n.
Judgment; discrimination. See Dijudication.
[Obs.]
Boyle.
Dis*junct" (?), a. [L.
disjunctus, p. p. of disjungere to disjoin.
See Disjoin, and cf. Disjoint.]
1. Disjoined; separated. [R.]
2. (Zo\'94l.) Having the head, thorax,
and abdomen separated by a deep constriction.
Disjunct tetrachords (Mus.),
tetrachords so disposed to each other that the gravest note
of the upper is one note higher than the acutest note of the
other.
Dis*junct"tion (?), n. [L.
disjunctio.]
1. The act of disjoining; disunion; separation; a
parting; as, the disjunction of soul and
body.
2. A disjunctive proposition.
Coleridge.
Dis*junc"tive (?), a. [L.
disjunctivus: cf. F. disjonctif.]
1. Tending to disjoin; separating;
disjoining.
2. (Mus.) Pertaining to disjunct
tetrachords. \'bdDisjunctive notes.\'b8
Moore (Encyc. of Music).
Disjunctive conjunction (Gram.),
one connecting grammatically two words or clauses, expressing
at the same time an opposition or separation inherent in the
notions or thoughts; as, either, or,
neither, nor, but,
although, except, lest,
etc. -- Disjunctive proposition, one in which
the parts are connected by disjunctive conjunctions; as it is
either day or night. --
Disjunctive syllogism (Logic), one in
which the major proposition is disjunctive; as, the
earth moves in a circle or an ellipse; but in does not move in a
circle, therefore it moves in an ellipse.
Dis*junc"tive, n. (a)
(Gram.) A disjunctive conjunction.
(b) (Logic) A disjunctive
proposition.
Dis*junc"tive*ly, adv. In a disjunctive
manner; separately.
Dr. H. More.
Dis*junc"ture (?; 135), n. The
act of disjoining, or state of being disjoined; separation.
Fuller.
Disk (?), n. [L.
discus, Gr. /. See Dish.]
[Written also disc.]
1. A discus; a quoit.
Some whirl the disk, and some the javelin dart.
Pope.
2. A flat, circular plate; as, a disk
of metal or paper.
3. (Astron.) The circular figure of a
celestial body, as seen projected of the heavens.
4. (Biol.) A circular structure either
in plants or animals; as, a blood disk; germinal
disk, etc.
5. (Bot.) (a) The whole surface
of a leaf. (b) The central part of a radiate
compound flower, as in sunflower. (c) A part
of the receptacle enlarged or expanded under, or around, or even
on top of, the pistil.
6. (Zo\'94l.) (a) The anterior
surface or oral area of c\'d2lenterate animals, as of sea
anemones. (b) The lower side of the body of
some invertebrates, especially when used for locomotion, when it
is often called a creeping disk. (c)
In owls, the space around the eyes.
Disk engine, a form of rotary steam
engine. -- Disk shell (Zo\'94l.),
any species of Discina.
Dis*kind"ness (?), n.
Unkindness; disservice. [R.]
A. Tucker.
Disk"less (?), a. Having no
disk; appearing as a point and not expanded into a disk, as the
image of a faint star in a telescope.
Dis*lade" (?), v. t. To
unlade. [Obs.]
Heywood.
Dis*leal" (?), a. [See
Disloyal, Leal.] Disloyal;
perfidious. [Obs.] \'bdDisleal
knight.\'b8
Spenser.
<-- p. 427 -->
Dis*leave" (?), v. t. To
deprive of leaves. [R.]
The cankerworms that annually that disleaved the
elms.
Lowell.
Dis*like" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disliked
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disliking.]
1. To regard with dislike or aversion; to
disapprove; to disrelish.
Every nation dislikes an impost.
Johnson.
2. To awaken dislike in; to displease.
\'bdDisliking countenance.\'b8 Marston.
\'bdIt dislikes me.\'b8
Shak.
Dis*like", n. 1. A feeling of
positive and usually permanent aversion to something unpleasant,
uncongenial, or offensive; disapprobation; repugnance;
displeasure; disfavor; -- the opposite of liking or
fondness.
God's grace . . . gives him continual dislike to
sin.
Hammond.
The hint malevolent, the look oblique,
The obvious satire, or implied dislike.
Hannah More.
We have spoken of the dislike of these excellent
women for Sheridan and Fox.
J. Morley.
His dislike of a particular kind of sensational
stories.
A. W. Ward.
2. Discord; dissension. [Obs.]
Fairfax.
Syn. -- Distaste; disinclination; disapprobation; disfavor;
disaffection; displeasure; disrelish; aversion; reluctance;
repugnance; disgust; antipathy. -- Dislike,
Aversion, Reluctance, Repugnance,
Disgust, Antipathy. Dislike is the
more general term, applicable to both persons and things and
arising either from feeling or judgment. It may mean little more
than want of positive liking; but antipathy,
repugnance, disgust, and
aversion are more intense phases of
dislike. Aversion denotes a fixed and
habitual dislike; as, an aversion to or for
business. Reluctance and repugnance
denote a mental strife or hostility something proposed
(repugnance being the stronger); as, a
reluctance to make the necessary sacrifices, and a
repugnance to the submission required.
Disgust is repugnance either of taste or moral
feeling; as, a disgust at gross exhibitions of
selfishness. Antipathy is primarily an
instinctive feeling of dislike of a thing, such as most persons
feel for a snake. When used figuratively, it denotes a
correspondent dislike for certain persons, modes of acting, etc.
Men have an aversion to what breaks in upon their
habits; a reluctance and repugnance to what
crosses their will; a disgust at what offends their
sensibilities; and are often governed by antipathies
for which they can give no good reason.
Dis*like"ful (?), a. Full of
dislike; disaffected; malign; disagreeable.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
Dis*like"li*hood (?), n. The
want of likelihood; improbability.
Sir W. Scott.
Dis*lik"en (?), v. t. To make
unlike; to disguise. [Obs.]
Shak.
Dis*like"ness, n. Unlikeness.
[R.]
Locke.
Dis*lik"er (?), n. One who
dislikes or disrelishes.
Dis*limb" (?), v. t. To tear
limb from limb; to dismember. [Obs.]
Bailey.
Dis*limn" (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + limn.] To efface, as a
picture. [Obs.]
Shak.
Dis*link" (?), v. t. To unlink;
to disunite; to separate. [R.]
Tennyson.
Dis*live" (?), v. t. To deprive
of life. [Obs.]
Telemachus dislived Amphimedon.
Chapman.
Dis"lo*cate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dislocated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dislocating
(?).] [LL. dislocatus, p. p.
of dislocare; dis- + locare to
place, fr. locus place. See Locus.]
To displace; to put out of its proper place. Especially, of
a bone: To remove from its normal connections with a neighboring
bone; to put out of joint; to move from its socket; to disjoint;
as, to dislocate your bones.
Shak.
After some time the strata on all sides of the globe were
dislocated.
Woodward.
And thus the archbishop's see, dislocated or out of
joint for a time, was by the hands of his holiness set right
again.
Fuller.
Dis"lo*cate (?), a. [LL.
dislocatus, p. p.] Dislocated.
Montgomery.
Dis`lo*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
dislocation.]
1. The act of displacing, or the state of being
displaced.
T. Burnet.
2. (Geol.) The displacement of parts of
rocks or portions of strata from the situation which they
originally occupied. Slips, faults, and the like, are
dislocations.
3. (Surg.) The act of dislocating, or
putting out of joint; also, the condition of being thus
displaced.
Dis*lodge" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dislodged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dislodging.] [OF. deslogier,
F. d\'82loger; pref. des- (L.
dis-) + OF. logier, F. loger.
See Lodge.]
1. To drive from a lodge or place of rest; to
remove from a place of quiet or repose; as, shells resting in
the sea at a considerate depth are not dislodged by
storms.
2. To drive out from a place of hiding or defense;
as, to dislodge a deer, or an enemy.
The Volscians are dislodg'd.
Shak.
Dis*lodge", v. i. To go from a place of
rest. [R.]
Where Light and Darkness in perpetual round
Lodge and dislodge by turns.
Milton.
Dis*lodge", n. Dwelling apart;
separation. [R.]
Dis*lodg"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82logement, OF. deslogement.]
The act or process of dislodging, or the state of being
dislodged.
Dis*loign" (?), v. t. [OF.
desloignier. See Eloign.] To put
at a distance; to remove. [Obs.]
Low-looking dales, disloigned from common gaze.
Spenser.
Dis*loy"al (?), a. [Pref.
dis- + loyal: cf. OF. desloial,
desleal, F. d\'82loyal. See
Loyal.] Not loyal; not true to a sovereign or
lawful superior, or to the government under which one lives;
false where allegiance is due; faithless; as, a subject
disloyal to the king; a husband disloyal to his
wife.
Without a thought disloyal.
Mrs. Browning.
Syn. -- Disobedient; faithless; untrue; treacherous;
perfidious; dishonest; inconstant; disaffected.
Dis*loy"al*ly, adv. In a disloyal
manner.
Dis*loy"al*ty (?), n. [Pref.
dis- + loyalty: cf. OF.
desloiaut\'82, deslealt\'82, F.
d\'82loyaut\'82.] Want of loyalty; lack of
fidelity; violation of allegiance.
Dis*mail" (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + mail: cf. OF.
desmaillier.] To divest of coat of
mail.
Spenser.
Dis"mal (?), a. [Formerly a
noun; e. g., \'bdI trow it was in the
dismalle.\'b8 Chaucer. Of uncertain origin;
but perh. (as suggested by Skeat) from OF. disme, F.
d\'8cme, tithe, the phrase dismal day
properly meaning, the day when tithes must be paid. See
Dime.]
1. Fatal; ill-omened; unlucky.
[Obs.]
An ugly fiend more foul than dismal day.
Spenser.
2. Gloomy to the eye or ear; sorrowful and
depressing to the feelings; foreboding; cheerless; dull; dreary;
as, a dismal outlook; dismal stories; a
dismal place.
Full well the busy whisper, circling round,
Convey'd the dismal tidings when he frowned.
Goldsmith.
A dismal description of an English November.
Southey.
Syn. -- Dreary; lonesome; gloomy; dark; ominous; ill-boding;
fatal; doleful; lugubrious; funereal; dolorous; calamitous;
sorrowful; sad; joyless; melancholy; unfortunate; unhappy.
Dis"mal*ly, adv. In a dismal manner;
gloomily; sorrowfully; uncomfortably.
Dis"mal*ness, n. The quality of being
dismal; gloominess.
Dis*man" (?), v. t. To
unman. [Obs.]
Feltham.
Dis*man"tle (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dismantled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dismantling
(?).] [F. d\'82manteler, OF.
desmanteler; pref: des- (L.
dis-) + manteler to cover with a cloak,
defend, fr. mantel, F. manteau, cloak. See
Mantle.]
1. To strip or deprive of dress; to divest.
2. To strip of furniture and equipments, guns,
etc.; to unrig; to strip of walls or outworks; to break down;
as, to dismantle a fort, a town, or a
ship.
A dismantled house, without windows or shutters to
keep out the rain.
Macaulay.
3. To disable; to render useless.
Comber.
Syn. -- To demo/sh; raze. See Demol/sh.
Dis*march" (?), v. i. To march
away. [Obs.]
Dis*mar"ry (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + marry: cf. OF. desmarier,
F. d\'82marier.] To free from the bonds of
marriage; to divorce. [Obs.]
Ld. Berners.
Dis*mar"shal (?), v. t. To
disarrange; to derange; to put in disorder.
[R.]
Drummond.
Dis*mask" (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + mask: cf. F.
d\'82masquer.] To divest of a mask.
Shak.
Dis*mast" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dismasted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Dismasting.] [Pref.
dis- + mast: cf. F.
d\'82m\'83ter.] To deprive of a mast of
masts; to break and carry away the masts from; as, a storm
dismasted the ship.
Dis*mast"ment (?), n. The act
of dismasting; the state of being dismasted.
[R.]
Marshall.
Dis*maw" (?), v. t. To eject
from the maw; to disgorge. [R.]
Shelton.
Dis*may" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dismayed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dismaying.] [OE. desmaien,
dismaien, OF. esmaier; pref. es-
(L. ex) + OHG. magan to be strong or able;
akin to E. may. In English the pref. es-
was changed to dis- (L. dis-). See
May, v. i.]
1. To disable with alarm or apprehensions; to
depress the spirits or courage of; to deprive or firmness and
energy through fear; to daunt; to appall; to terrify.
Be not afraid, neither be thou dismayed.
Josh. i. 9.
What words be these? What fears do you dismay?
Fairfax.
2. To render lifeless; to subdue; to
disquiet. [Obs.]
Do not dismay yourself for this.
Spenser.
Syn. -- To terrify; fright; affright; frighten; appall;
daunt; dishearthen; dispirit; discourage; deject; depress. -- To
Dismay, Daunt, Appall.
Dismay denotes a state of deep and gloomy
apprehension. To daunt supposes something more sudden
and startling. To appall is the strongest term,
implying a sense of terror which overwhelms the faculties.
So flies a herd of beeves, that hear, dismayed,
The lions roaring through the midnight shade.
Pope.
Jove got such heroes as my sire, whose soul
No fear could daunt, nor earth nor hell control.
Pope.
Now the last ruin the whole host appalls;
Now Greece has trembled in her wooden walls.
Pope.
Dis*may", v. i. To take dismay or
fright; to be filled with dismay. [Obs.]
Shak.
Dis*may", n. [Cf. OF. esmai,
F. \'82moi. See Dismay, v.
t.]
1. Loss of courage and firmness through fear;
overwhelming and disabling terror; a sinking of the spirits;
consternation.
I . . . can not think of such a battle without
dismay.
Macaulay.
Thou with a tiger spring dost leap upon thy prey,
And tear his helpless breast, o'erwhelmed with wild
dismay.
Mrs. Barbauld.
2. Condition fitted to dismay; ruin.
Spenser.
Syn. -- Dejection; discouragement; depression; fear; fright;
terror; apprehension; alarm; affright.
Dis*may"ed*ness (?), n. A state
of being dismayed; dejection of courage; dispiritedness.
Dis*may"ful (?), a.
Terrifying.
Spenser.
\'d8Disme (?), n. [OF. See
Dime.] A tenth; a tenth part; a tithe.
Ayliffe.
Dis*mem"ber (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dismembered
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dismembering.] [OF.
desmembrer, F. d\'82membrer; pref.
des- (L. dis) + OF. & F. membre
limb. See Member.]
1. To tear limb from limb; to dilacerate; to
disjoin member from member; to tear or cut in pieces; to break
up.
Fowls obscene dismembered his remains.
Pope.
A society lacerated and dismembered.
Gladstone.
By whose hands the blow should be struck which would
dismember that once mighty empire.
Buckle.
2. To deprive of membership.
[Obs.]
They were dismembered by vote of the house.
R. North.
Syn. -- To disjoint; dislocate; dilacerate; mutilate;
divide; sever.
Dis*mem"ber*ment (?), n. [Cf.
OF. desmembrement, F.
d\'82membrement.] The act of dismembering,
or the state of being dismembered; cutting in piece;
m/tilation; division; separation.
The Castilians would doubtless have resented the
dismemberment of the unwieldy body of which they
formed the head.
Macaulay.
Dis*met"tled (?), a. Destitute
of mettle, that is, or fire or spirit. [R.]
Llewellyn.
Dis*miss" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dismissed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dismissing.] [L. dis- +
missus, p. p. of mittere to send: cf.
dimittere, OF. desmetre, F.
d\'82mettre. See Demise, and cf.
Dimit.]
1. To send away; to give leave of departure; to
cause or permit to go; to put away.
He dismissed the assembly.
Acts xix. 41.
Dismiss their cares when they dismiss
their flock.
Cowper.
Though he soon dismissed himself from state
affairs.
Dryden.
2. To discard; to remove or discharge from office,
service, or employment; as, the king dismisses his
ministers; the matter dismisses his servant.
3. To lay aside or reject as unworthy of attentions
or regard, as a petition or motion in court.
Dis*miss", n. Dismission.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Herbert.
Dis*miss"al (?), n. Dismission;
discharge.
Officeholders were commanded faithfully to enforce it, upon
pain of immediate dismissal.
Motley.
Dis*mis"sion (?), n. [Cf. L.
dimissio.]
1. The act dismissing or sending away; permission
to leave; leave to depart; dismissal; as, the
dismission of the grand jury.
2. Removal from office or employment; discharge,
either with honor or with disgrace.
3. Rejection; a setting aside as trivial, invalid,
or unworthy of consideration.
Dis*miss"ive (?), a. Giving
dismission.
Dis*mort"gage (?; 48), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dismortaged; p.
pr. & vb. n. Dismortgaging
(?).] To redeem from mortgage.
[Obs.]
Howell.
Dis*mount" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Dismounted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Dismounting.] [Pref.
dis- + mount: cf. OF. desmonter,
F. d\'82monter.]
1. To come down; to descend.
[Poetic]
But now the bright sun ginneth to dismount.
Spenser.
2. To alight from a horse; to descend or get off,
as a rider from his beast; as, the troops
dismounted.
Dis*mount", v. t. 1. To throw
or bring down from an elevation, place of honor and authority, or
the like.
Dismounted from his authority.
Barrow.
2. To throw or remove from a horse; to unhorse;
as, the soldier dismounted his adversary.
3. (Mech.) To take down, or apart, as a
machine.
4. To throw or remove from the carriage, or from
that on which a thing is mounted; to break the carriage or wheels
of, and render useless; to deprive of equipments or mountings; --
said esp. of artillery.
Dis*nat"u*ral*ize (?), v. t. To
make alien; to deprive of the privileges of birth.
Locke.
Dis*na"tured (?; 135), a.
[Pref. dis- + nature: cf. OF.
desnatur\'82, F. d\'82natur\'82.]
Deprived or destitute of natural feelings; unnatural.
[Obs.]
Shak.
Dis`o*be"di*ence (?), n.
Neglect or refusal to obey; violation of a command or
prohibition.
He is undutiful to him other actions, and lives in open
disobedience.
Tillotson.
Dis`o*be"di*en*cy (?), n.
Disobedience.
Dis`o*be"di*ent (?), a. [Pref.
dis- + obedient. See Disobey,
Obedient.]
1. Neglecting or refusing to obey; omitting to do
what is commanded, or doing what is prohibited; refractory; not
observant of duty or rules prescribed by authority; -- applied to
persons and acts.
This disobedient spirit in the colonies.
Burke.
Disobedient unto the word of the Lord.
1 Kings xiii. 26.
2. Not yielding.
Medicines used unnecessarily contribute to shorten life, by
sooner rendering peculiar parts of the system
disobedient to stimuli.
E. Darwin.
Dis`o*be"di*ent*ly, adv. In a
disobedient manner.
Dis`o*bei"sance (?), n. [F.
d\'82sob\'82issance.] Disobedience.
[Obs.]
E. Hall.
Dis`o*bei"sant (?), a. [F.
d\'82sob\'82issant.] Disobedient.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dis`o*bey" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disobeyed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disobeying.] [F.
d\'82sob\'82ir; pref. d\'82s- (L.
dis-) + ob\'82ir. See Obey, and
cf. Disobedient.] Not to obey; to neglect or
refuse to obey (a superior or his commands, the laws, etc.); to
transgress the commands of (one in authority); to violate, as an
order; as, refractory children disobey their
parents; men disobey their Maker and the
laws.
Not to disobey her lord's behest.
Tennyson.
Dis`o*bey", v. i. To refuse or neglect
to obey; to violate commands; to be disobedient.
He durst not know how to disobey.
Sir P. Sidney.
Dis`o*bey"er (?), n. One who
disobeys.
Dis*ob`li*ga"tion (?), n.
1. The act of disobliging.
2. A disobliging act; an offense.
[Obs.]
Clarendon.
3. Release from obligation.
Jer. Taylor.
Dis*ob"li*ga*to*ry (?), a.
Releasing from obligation.
\'bdDisobligatory power.\'b8
Charles I.
Dis`o*blige" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disobliged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disobliging.] [Pref. dis- +
oblige: cf. F. d\'82sobliger.]
1. To do an act which contravenes the will or
desires of; to offend by an act of unkindness or incivility; to
displease; to refrain from obliging; to be unaccommodating
to.
Those . . . who slight and disoblige their friends,
shall infallibly come to know the value of them by having none
when they shall most need them.
South.
My plan has given offense to some gentlemen, whom it would not
be very safe to disoblige.
Addison.
<-- p. 428 -->
2. To release from obligation.
[Obs.]
Absolving and disobliging from a more general
command for some just and reasonable cause.
Milton.
Dis`o*blige"ment (?), n.
Release from obligation. [Obs.]
Dis`o*bli"ger (?), n. One who
disobliges.
Dis`o*bli"ging (?), a. 1.
Not obliging; not disposed to do a favor; unaccommodating;
as, a disobliging person or act.
2. Displeasing; offensive.
[Obs.]
Cov. of Tongue.
-- Dis`o*bli"ging*ly, adv. --
Dis`o*bli"ging*ness, n.
Dis*oc"ci*dent (?), v. t. To
turn away from the west; to throw out of reckoning as to
longitude. [Obs.]
Marvell.
Dis*oc`cu*pa"tion (?), n. The
state of being unemployed; want of occupation.
[R.]
Dis`o*pin"ion (?), n. Want or
difference of belief; disbelief. [Obs.]
Bp. Reynolds.
Dis*op"pi*late (?), v. t. [L.
dis- + oppilatus, p. p. of
oppilare to shut up.] To open.
[Obs.]
Holland.
Dis*orb" (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + orb.] To throw out of the
proper orbit; to unsphere.
Shak.
Dis*ord" (?), n.
Disorder. [Obs.]
Holland.
Dis`or*deined" (?), a. [See
Ordain.] Inordinate; irregular;
vicious. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dis*or"der (?), n. [Pref.
dis- + order: cf. F.
d\'82sordre.]
1. Want of order or regular disposition; lack of
arrangement; confusion; disarray; as, the troops were thrown
into disorder; the papers are in
disorder.
2. Neglect of order or system; irregularity.
From vulgar bounds with brave disorder part,
And snatch a grace beyond the reach of art.
Pope.
3. Breach of public order; disturbance of the peace
of society; tumult.
Shak.
4. Disturbance of the functions of the animal
economy of the soul; sickness; derangement.
\'bdDisorder in the body.\'b8
Locke.
Syn. -- Irregularity; disarrangement; confusion; tumult;
bustle; disturbance; disease; illness; indisposition; sickness;
ailment; malady; distemper. See Disease.
Dis*or"der, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Disordered (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Disordering.]
1. To disturb the order of; to derange or
disarrange; to throw into confusion; to confuse.
Disordering the whole frame or jurisprudence.
Burke.
The burden . . . disordered the aids and auxiliary
rafters into a common ruin.
Jer. Taylor.
2. To disturb or interrupt the regular and natural
functions of (either body or mind); to produce sickness or
indisposition in; to discompose; to derange; as, to
disorder the head or stomach.
A man whose judgment was so much disordered by
party spirit.
Macaulay.
3. To depose from holy orders.
[Obs.]
Dryden.
Syn. -- To disarrange; derange; confuse; discompose.
Dis*or"dered (?), a. 1.
Thrown into disorder; deranged; as, a
disordered house, judgment.
2. Disorderly. [Obs.]
Shak.
-- Dis*or"dered*ly, adv. --
Dis*or"dered*ness, n.
Dis*or"der*li*ness (?), n. The
state of being disorderly.
Dis*or"der*ly (?), a. 1.
Not in order; marked by disorder; disarranged; immethodical;
as, the books and papers are in a disorderly
state.
2. Not acting in an orderly way, as the functions
of the body or mind.
3. Not complying with the restraints of order and
law; tumultuous; unruly; lawless; turbulent; as,
disorderly people; disorderly
assemblies.
4. (Law) Offensive to good morals and
public decency; notoriously offensive; as, a
disorderly house.
Syn. -- Irregular; immethodical; confused; tumultuous;
inordinate; intemperate; unruly; lawless; vicious.
Dis*or"der*ly, adv. In a disorderly
manner; without law or order; irregularly; confusedly.
Withdraw yourselves from every brother that walketh
disorderly.
2 Thess. iii. 6.
Savages fighting disorderly with stones.
Sir W. Raleigh.
Dis*or"di*nance (?), n.
Disarrangement; disturbance. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dis*or"di*nate (?), a.
Inordinate; disorderly. [Obs.] \'bdWith
disordinate gestures.\'b8
Prynne.
Dis*or"di*nate*ly, adv.
Inordinately. [Obs.]
E. Hall.
Dis*or`di*na"tion (?), n. The
state of being in disorder; derangement; confusion.
[Obs.]
Bacon.
Dis*or`gan*i*za"tion (?), n.
[Cf. F. d\'82sorganisation. See
Disorganize, v. t.]
1. The act of disorganizing; destruction of
system.
2. The state of being disorganized; as, the
disorganization of the body, or of
government.
The magazine of a pawnbroker in such total
disorganization, that the owner can never lay his
hands upon any one article at the moment he has occasion for
it.
Sir W. Scott.
Dis*or"gan*ize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disorganized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Disorganizing
(?).] [Pref. dis- +
organize: cf. F. d\'82sorganiser.]
To destroy the organic structure or regular system of (a
government, a society, a party, etc.); to break up (what is
organized); to throw into utter disorder; to disarrange.
Lyford . . . attempted to disorganize the
church.
Eliot (1809).
Dis*or"gan*i`zer (?), n. One
who disorganizes or causes disorder and confusion.
Dis*o"ri*ent (?), v. t. To turn
away from the cast; to confuse as to which way is east; to cause
to lose one's bearings. [R.]
Bp. Warburton.
Dis*o"ri*en*tate (?), v. t. To
turn away from the east, or (figuratively) from the right or the
truth. [R.]
Dis*own" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disowned
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disowning.]
1. To refuse to own or acknowledge as belonging to
one's self; to disavow or deny, as connected with one's self
personally; as, a parent can hardly disown his
child; an author will sometimes disown his
writings.
2. To refuse to acknowledge or allow; to
deny.
Then they, who brother's better claim disown,
Expel their parents, and usurp the throne.
Dryden.
Syn. -- To disavow; disclaim; deny; abnegate; renounce;
disallow.
Dis*own"ment (?), n. Act of
disowning. [R.]
Dis*ox"i*date (?), v. t.
(Chem.) To deoxidate; to deoxidize.
[R.]
Dis*ox`i*da"tion (?), n.
(Chem.) Deoxidation. [R.]
Dis*ox"y*gen*ate (?), v. t.
(Chem.) To deprive of oxygen; to deoxidize.
[R.]
Dis*ox`y*gen*a"tion (?), n.
(Chem.) Deoxidation. [R.]
Dis*pace" (?), v. i. [Pref.
dis- asunder, different ways, to and fro +
pace.] To roam. [Obs.]
In this fair plot dispacing to and fro.
Spenser.
Dis*pair" (?), v. t. To
separate (a pair). [R.]
I have . . . dispaired two doves.
Beau. & Fl.
Dis*pand" (?), v. t. [L.
dispandere to spread out; pref. dis- +
pandere, pansum, to spread out.]
To spread out; to expand. [Obs.]
Bailey.
Dis*pan"sion (?), n. [See
Dispand.] Act of dispanding, or state of
being dispanded. [Obs.]
Dis*par"a*dised, a. Removed from
paradise. [R.]
Cockeram.
Dis*par"age (?; 48), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disparaged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Disparaging
(?).] [OF. desparagier, F.
d\'82parager, to marry unequally; pref.
des- (L. dis-) + F. parage
extraction, lineage, from L. par equal, peer. See
Peer.]
1. To match unequally; to degrade or dishonor by an
unequal marriage. [Obs.]
Alas! that any of my nation
Should ever so foul disparaged be.
Chaucer.
2. To dishonor by a comparison with what is
inferior; to lower in rank or estimation by actions or words; to
speak slightingly of; to depreciate; to undervalue.
Those forbidding appearances which sometimes
disparage the actions of men sincerely pious.
Bp. Atterbury.
Thou durst not thus disparage glorious arms.
Milton.
Syn. -- To decry; depreciate; undervalue; underrate;
cheapen; vilify; reproach; detract from; derogate from; degrade;
debase. See Decry.
Dis"pa*rage` (?), n. Inequality
in marriage; marriage with an inferior. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dissuaded her from such a disparage.
Spenser.
Dis*par"age*ment (?), n. [Cf.
OF. desparagement.]
1. Matching any one in marriage under his or her
degree; injurious union with something of inferior excellence; a
lowering in rank or estimation. [Eng.]
And thought that match a foul disparagement.
Spenser.
2. Injurious comparison with an inferior; a
depreciating or dishonoring opinion or insinuation; diminution of
value; dishonor; indignity; reproach; disgrace; detraction; --
commonly with to.
It ought to be no disparagement to a star that it
is not the sun.
South.
Imitation IS A disparagement and a degradation in a
Christian minister.
I. Taylor.
Syn. -- Indignity; derogation; detraction; reproach;
dishonor; debasement; degradation; disgrace.
Dis*par"a*ger (?), n. One who
disparages or dishonors; one who vilifies or disgraces.
Dis*par"a*ging*ly (?), adv. In
a manner to disparage or dishonor; slightingly.
Dis"pa*rate (?), a. [L.
disparatus, p. p. of disparare to part,
separate; dis- + parare to make ready,
prepare.]
1. Unequal; dissimilar; separate.
Connecting disparate thoughts, purely by means of
resemblances in the words expressing them.
Coleridge.
2. (Logic) Pertaining to two
co\'94rdinate species or divisions.
Dis"pa*rates (?), n. pl. Things
so unequal or unlike that they can not be compared with each
other.
Dis`pa*ri"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
disparition.] Act of disappearing;
disappearance. [Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
Dis*par"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Disparities (#). [LL.
disparitas, fr. L. dispar unlike, unequal;
dis- + par equal: cf. F.
disparit\'82. See Par, Peer.]
Inequality; difference in age, rank, condition, or
excellence; dissimilitude; -- followed by between,
in, of, as to, etc.; as,
disparity in, or of, years; a disparity as to
color.
The disparity between God and his intelligent
creatures.
I. Taylor.
The disparity of numbers was not such as ought to
cause any uneasiness.
Macaulay.
Syn. -- Inequality; unlikeness; dissimilitude;
disproportion; difference.
Dis*park" (?), v. t. 1.
To throw (a park or inclosure); to treat (a private park) as
a common.
The Gentiles were made to be God's people when the Jews'
inclosure was disparked.
Jer. Taylor.
2. To set at large; to release from
inclosure.
Till his free muse threw down the pale,
And did at once dispark them all.
Waller.
Dis*par"kle (?), v. t. [OF.
desparpeillier.] To scatter abroad.
[Obs.]
Holland.
Dis*part" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disparted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Disparting.] [Pref.
dis- + part: cf. OF.
despartir.] To part asunder; to divide; to
separate; to sever; to rend; to rive or split; as,
disparted air; disparted towers.
[Archaic]
Them in twelve troops their captain did
dispart.
Spenser.
The world will be whole, and refuses to be
disparted.
Emerson.
Dis*part", v. i. To separate, to open;
to cleave.
Dis*part", n. 1. (Gun.)
The difference between the thickness of the metal at the
mouth and at the breech of a piece of ordnance.
On account of the dispart, the line of aim or line
of metal, which is in a plane passing through the axis of the
gun, always makes a small angle with the axis.
Eng. Cys.
2. (Gun.) A piece of metal placed on the
muzzle, or near the trunnions, on the top of a piece of ordnance,
to make the line of sight parallel to the axis of the bore; --
called also dispart sight, and muzzle
sight.
Dis*part" (?), v. t. 1.
(Gun.) To make allowance for the dispart in (a
gun), when taking aim.
Every gunner, before he shoots, must truly dispart
his piece.
Lucar.
2. (Gun.) To furnish with a dispart
sight.
Dis*pas"sion (?), n. Freedom
from passion; an undisturbed state; apathy.
Sir W. Temple.
Dis*pas"sion*ate (?), a. 1.
Free from passion; not warped, prejudiced, swerved, or
carried away by passion or feeling; judicial; calm;
composed.
Wise and dispassionate men.
Clarendon.
2. Not dictated by passion; not proceeding from
temper or bias; impartial; as, dispassionate
proceedings; a dispassionate view.
Syn. -- Calm; cool; composed serene; unimpassioned;
temperate; moderate; impartial; unruffled.
-- Dis*pas"sion*ate*ly, adv. --
Dis*pas"sion*ate*ness, n.
Dis*pas"sioned (?), a. Free
from passion; dispassionate. [R.]
\'bdDispassioned men.\'b8
Donne.
Dis*patch" (?; 224), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dispatched
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dispatching.] [OF.
despeechier, F. d\'82p\'88cher; prob. from
pref. des- (L. dis-) + (assumed) LL.
pedicare to place obstacles in the way, fr. L.
pedica fetter, fr. pes, pedis,
foot. See Foot, and cf. Impeach,
Despatch.] [Written also
despatch.]
1. To dispose of speedily, as business; to execute
quickly; to make a speedy end of; to finish; to perform.
Ere we put ourselves in arms, dispatch we
The business we have talked of.
Shak.
[The] harvest men . . . almost in one fair day
dispatcheth all the harvest work.
Robynson (More's Utopia).
2. To rid; to free. [Obs.]
I had clean dispatched myself of this great
charge.
Udall.
3. To get rid of by sending off; to send away
hastily.
Unless dispatched to the mansion house in the
country . . . they perish among the lumber of garrets.
Walpole.
4. To send off or away; -- particularly applied to
sending off messengers, messages, letters, etc., on special
business, and implying haste.
Even with the speediest expedition
I will dispatch him to the emperor's cou//.
Shak.
5. To send out of the world; to put to death.
The company shall stone them with stones, and
dispatch them with their swords.
Ezek. xxiii. 47.
Syn. -- To expedite; hasten; speed; accelerate; perform;
conclude; finish; slay; kill.
Dis*patch", v. i. To make haste; to
conclude an affair; to finish a matter of business.
They have dispatched with Pompey.
Shak.
Dis*patch", n. [Cf. OF.
despeche, F. d\'82p\'88che. See
Dispatch, v. t.] [Written also
despatch.]
1. The act of sending a message or messenger in
haste or on important business.
2. Any sending away; dismissal; riddance.
To the utter dispatch of all their most beloved
comforts.
Milton.
3. The finishing up of a business; speedy
performance, as of business; prompt execution; diligence;
haste.
Serious business, craving quick dispatch.
Shak.
To carry his scythe . . . with a sufficient
dispatch through a sufficient space.
Paley.
4. A message dispatched or sent with speed;
especially, an important official letter sent from one public
officer to another; -- often used in the plural; as, a
messenger has arrived with dispatches for the American
minister; naval or military dispatches.
5. A message transmitted by telegraph.
[Modern]
Dispatch boat, a swift vessel for conveying
dispatches; an advice boat. -- Dispatch box,
a box for carrying dispatches; a box for papers and other
conveniences when traveling.
Syn. -- Haste; hurry; promptness; celerity; speed. See
Haste.
Dis*patch"er (?), n. One who
dispatches.
Dis*patch"ful (?), a. Bent on
haste; intent on speedy execution of business or any task;
indicating haste; quick; as, dispatchful
looks.
Milton.
Dis*patch"ment (?), n. [Cf. OF.
despechement.] The act of
dispatching. [Obs.]
State Trials (1529).
Dis"pa*thy (?), n.; pl.
Dispathies (#). [Pref.
dis- + Gr. / passion. See Pathos.]
Lack of sympathy; want of passion; apathy.
[R.]
Many discrepancies and some dispathies between
us.
Southey.
Dis*pau"per (?), v. t. To
deprive of the claim of a pauper to public support; to deprive of
the privilege of suing in forma pauperis.
Dis*pau"per*ize (?), v. t. To
free a state of pauperism, or from paupers.
J. S. Mill.
Dis*peed" (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + speed.] To send off with
speed; to dispatch. [Obs.]
Knolles.
Then they dispeeded themselves of the Cid and of
their mother-in-law, Do/a Ximena.
Southey.
Dis*pel" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dispelled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dispelling.] [L. dispellere;
dis- + pellere to push, drive. See
Pulse a beating.] To drive away by
scattering, or so to cause to vanish; to clear away; to banish;
to dissipate; as, to dispel a cloud, vapors, cares,
doubts, illusions.
[Satan] gently raised
their fainting courage, and dispelled their fears.
Milton.
I saw myself the lambent easy light
Gild the brown horror, and dispel the night.
Dryden.
Dis*pence" (?), v. i. & n. See
Dispense. [Obs.]
<-- p. 429 -->
Dis*pend" (?), v. t. [OF.
despendre, L. dispendere to weigh out,
dispense; dis- + pendere to weigh. See
Pension, Spend, and cf.
Dispense.] To spend; to lay out; to
expend. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Able to dispend yearly twenty pounds and above.
Fuller.
Dis*pend"er (?), n. One who
dispends or expends; a steward. [Obs.]
Wyclif (1 Cor. iv. 1).
Dis*pen"sa*ble (?), a. [LL.
dispensabilis. See Dispense.]
1. Capable of being dispensed or
administered.
2. Capable of being dispensed with.
Coleridge.
Dis*pen"sa*ble*ness, n. Quality of being
dispensable.
Dis*pen"sa*ry (?), n.; pl.
Dispensaries (#). [Cf. F.
dispensaire.]
1. A place where medicines are prepared and
dispensed; esp., a place where the poor can obtain medical advice
and medicines gratuitously or at a nominal price.
2. A dispensatory.
Pope.
Dis`pen*sa"tion (?), n. [F.
dispensation, L. dispensatio.]
1. The act of dispensing or dealing out;
distribution; often used of the distribution of good and evil by
God to man, or more generically, of the acts and modes of his
administration.
To respect the dispensations of Providence.
Burke.
2. That which is dispensed, dealt out, or
appointed; that which is enjoined or bestowed; especially
(Theol.), a system of principles, promises, and
rules ordained and administered; scheme; economy; as, the
Patriarchal, Mosaic, and Christian
dispensations.
Neither are God's methods or intentions different in his
dispensations to each private man.
Rogers.
3. The relaxation of a law in a particular case;
permission to do something forbidden, or to omit doing something
enjoined; specifically, in the Roman Catholic Church, exemption
from some ecclesiastical law or obligation to God which a man has
incurred of his own free will (oaths, vows, etc.).
A dispensation was obtained to enable Dr. Barrow to
marry.
Ward.
Dis*pen"sa*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
dispensatif.] Granting dispensation.
Dis*pen"sa*tive*ly, adv. By
dispensation.
Wotton.
Dis"pen*sa`tor (?), n.
[L.] A distributer; a dispenser.
Bacon.
Dis*pen"sa*to*ri*ly (?), adv.
In the way of dispensation; dispensatively.
Dis*pen"sa*to*ry (?), a. [L.
dispensatorius relating to management. See
Dispense, v. t.] Granting, or
authorized to grant, dispensations.
\'bdDispensatory power.\'b8
Bp. Rainbow.
Dis*pen"sa*to*ry, n.; pl.
Dispensatories (/). A book or
medicinal formulary containing a systematic description of drugs,
and of preparations made from them. It is usually, but not
always, distinguished from a pharmacop
Dis*pense" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dispensed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dispensing.] [F. dispenser,
L. dispensare, intens. of dispendere. See
Dispend.]
1. To deal out in portions; to distribute; to give;
as, the steward dispenses provisions according
directions; Nature dispenses her bounties; to
dispense medicines.
He is delighted to dispense a share of it to all
the company.
Sir W. Scott.
2. To apply, as laws to particular cases; to
administer; to execute; to manage; to direct.
While you dispense the laws, and guide the
state.
Dryden.
3. To pay for; to atone for.
[Obs.]
His sin was dispensed
With gold, whereof it was compensed.
Gower.
4. To exempt; to excuse; to absolve; -- with
from.
It was resolved that all members of the House who held
commissions, should be dispensed from parliamentary
attendance.
Macaulay.
He appeared to think himself born to be supported by others,
and dispensed from all necessity of providing for
himself.
Johnson.
Dis*pense", v. i. 1. To
compensate; to make up; to make amends. [Obs.]
One loving hour
For many years of sorrow can dispense.
Spenser.
2. To give dispensation.
He [the pope] can also dispense in all matters of
ecclesiastical law.
Addis & Arnold (Cath. Dict. )
To dispense with. (a) To permit the
neglect or omission of, as a form, a ceremony, an oath; to
suspend the operation of, as a law; to give up, release, or do
without, as services, attention, etc.; to forego; to part
with. (b) To allow by dispensation; to excuse;
to exempt; to grant dispensation to or for.
[Obs.] \'bdConniving and dispensing
with open and common adultery.\'b8 Milton.
(c) To break or go back from, as one's word.
[Obs.]
Richardson.
Dis*pense", n. [Cf. F.
dispense dispensation. See Dispense, v.
t.] Dispensation; exemption.
[Obs.]
Dis*pense", n. [OF. despense,
F. d\'82pense.] Expense; profusion;
outlay. [Obs.]
It was a vault built for great dispense.
Spenser.
Dis*pens"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, dispenses; a distributer; as, a
dispenser of favors.
Dis*peo"ple (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dispeopled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dispeopling
(?).] [Pref. dis- +
people: cf. F. d\'82peupler.] To
deprive of inhabitants; to depopulate.
Leave the land dispeopled and desolate.
Sir T. More.
A certain island long before dispeopled . . . by
sea rivers.
Milton.
Dis*peo"pler (?), n. One who,
or that which, dispeoples; a depopulator.
Gay.
Dis*perge" (?), v. t. [L.
dispergere. See Disperse.] To
sprinkle. [Obs.]
Dis*sper"mous (?), a. [Gr. /
= / + / seed, fr. / to sow: cf. F.
disperme.] (Bot.) Containing
only two seeds; two-seeded.
Dis*per"ple (?), v. t. [OF.
desparpe////er.] To scatter; to
sprinkle. [Obs.]
Odorous water was
Disperpled lightly on my head and neck.
Chapman.
Dis*per"sal (?), n. The act or
result of dispersing or scattering; dispersion.
Darwin.
Dis*perse" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dispersed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dispersing.] [L. dispersus,
p. p. of dispergere to strew, scatter. See
Sparse.]
1. To scatter abroad; to drive to different parts;
to distribute; to diffuse; to spread; as, the Jews are
dispersed among all nations.
The lips of the wise disperse knowledge.
Prov. xv. 7.
Two lions, in the still, dark night,
A herd of beeves disperse.
Cowper.
2. To scatter, so as to cause to vanish; to
dissipate; as, to disperse vapors.
Dispersed are the glories.
Shak.
Syn. -- To scatter; dissipate; dispel; spread; diffuse;
distribute; deal out; disseminate.
Dis*perse", v. i.
1. To separate; to go or move into different parts;
to vanish; as, the company dispersed at ten o'clock;
the clouds disperse.
2. To distribute wealth; to share one's abundance
with others.
He hath dispersed, he hath given to the poor.
Ps. cxii. 9.
Dis*persed" (?), a.
Scattered. -- Dis*pers"ed*ly
(#), adv. -- Dis*pers"ed*ness,
n.
Dispersed harmony (Mus.), harmony
in which the tones composing the chord are widely separated, as
by an octave or more.
Dis*perse"ness (?), n.
Dispersedness. [Obs.]
Dis*pers"er (?), n. One that
disperses.
Dis*per"sion (?), n. [CF. F.
dispersion.]
1. The act or process of scattering or dispersing,
or the state of being scattered or separated; as, the Jews in
their dispersion retained their rites and ceremonies; a
great dispersion of the human family took place at the
building of Babel.
The days of your slaughter and of your dispersions
are accomplished.
Jer. xxv. 34.
2. (Opt.) The separation of light into
its different colored rays, arising from their different
refrangibilities.
Dispersion of the optic axes
(Crystallog.), the separation of the optic axes in
biaxial crystals, due to the fact that the axial angle has
different values for the different colors of the
spectrum.
Dis*pers"ive (?), a. Tending to
disperse.
Dispersive power (Opt.), the
relative effect of a material in separating the different rays of
light by refraction, as when the substance is formed into a
prism. -- Dis*pers"ive*ness,
n.
Dis*per"son'*ate (?), v. t. To
deprive of personality or individuality. [R.]
We multiply; we dispersonate ourselves.
Hare.
Dis*pir"it (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dispirited; p.
pr. & vb. n. Dispiriting.] [Pref.
dis- + spirit.]
1. To deprive of cheerful spirits; to depress the
spirits of; to dishearten; to discourage.
Not dispirited with my afflictions.
Dryden.
He has dispirited himself by a debauch.
Collier.
2. To distill or infuse the spirit of.
[Obs. or R.]
This makes a man master of his learning, and
dispirits the book into the scholar.
Fuller.
Syn. -- To dishearten; discourage; deject; damp; depress;
cast down; intimidate; daunt; cow.
Dis*pir"it*ed, a. Depressed in spirits;
disheartened; daunted. --
Dis*pir"it*ed*ly, adv. --
Dis*pir"it*ed, n.
Dis*pir"it*ment (?), n.
Depression of spirits; discouragement.
[R.]
Procter, in evident distress and dispiritment, was
waiting the slow conclusion of this.
Carlyle.
Dis*pit"e*ous (?), a. [Pref.
dis- + piteous. Cf.
Despiteous.] Full of despite; cruel;
spiteful; pitiless. Spenser. --
Dis*pit"e*ous*ly, adv.
[Obs.]
Dis*place" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Displaced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Displacing.] [Pref. dis- +
place: cf. F. d\'82placer.]
1. To change the place of; to remove from the usual
or proper place; to put out of place; to place in another
situation; as, the books in the library are all
displaced.
2. To crowd out; to take the place of.
Holland displaced Portugal as the mistress of those
seas.
London Times.
3. To remove from a state, office, dignity, or
employment; to discharge; to depose; as, to displace
an officer of the revenue.
4. To dislodge; to drive away; to banish.
[Obs.]
You have displaced the mirth.
Shak.
Syn. -- To disarrange; derange; dismiss; discard.
Dis*place"a*ble (?), a. Capable
of being displaced.
Dis*place"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
d\'82placement.]
1. The act of displacing, or the state of being
displaced; a putting out of place.
Unnecessary displacement of funds.
A. Hamilton.
The displacement of the sun by parallax.
Whewell.
2. The quantity of anything, as water, displaced by
a floating body, as by a ship, the weight of the displaced liquid
being equal to that of the displacing body.
3. (Chem.) The process of extracting
soluble substances from organic material and the like, whereby a
quantity of saturated solvent is displaced, or
removed, for another quantity of the solvent.
Piston displacement (Mech.), the
volume of the space swept through, or weight of steam, water,
etc., displaced, in a given time, by the piston of a steam engine
or pump.
Dis*pla"cen*cy (?), n. [LL.
displacentia, for L. displicentia, fr.
displicere to displease; dis- +
placere to please. See Displease, and cf.
Displeasance.] Want of complacency or
gratification; envious displeasure; dislike.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Dis*pla"cer (?), n. 1.
One that displaces.
2. (Chem.) The funnel part of the
apparatus for solution by displacement.
Dis*plant" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Di/planted;
p. pr. & vb. n. Displanting.]
[Pref. dis- + plant: cf. OF.
desplanter, F. d\'82planter.]
1. To remove (what is planted or fixed); to
unsettle and take away; to displace; to root out; as, to
displant inhabitants.
I did not think a look,
Or a poor word or two, could have displanted
Such a fixed constancy.
Beau. & Fl.
2. To strip of what is planted or settled; as,
to displant a country of inhabitants.
Spenser.
Dis`plan*ta"tion (?), n. The
act of displanting; removal; displacement.
Sir W. Raleigh.
Dis*plat" (?), v. t. To
untwist; to uncurl; to unplat. [Obs.]
Hakewill.
Dis*play" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Displayed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Displaying.] [OE. displaien,
desplaien, OF. despleier,
desploier, F. d\'82ployer; pref.
des- (L. dis-) + pleier,
ploier, plier, F. ployer,
plier, to fold, bend, L. plicare. See
Ply, and cf. Deploy, Splay.]
1. To unfold; to spread wide; to expand; to stretch
out; to spread.
The northern wind his wings did broad display.
Spenser.
2. (Mil.) To extend the front of (a
column), bringing it into line.
Farrow.
3. To spread before the view; to show; to exhibit
to the sight, or to the mind; to make manifest.
His statement . . . displays very clearly the
actual condition of the army.
Burke.
4. To make an exhibition of; to set in view
conspicuously or ostentatiously; to exhibit for the sake of
publicity; to parade.
Proudly displaying the insignia of their order.
Prescott.
5. (Print.) To make conspicuous by large
or prominent type.
6. To discover; to descry.
[Obs.]
And from his seat took pleasure to display
The city so adorned with towers.
Chapman.
Syn. -- To exhibit; show; manifest; spread out; parade;
expand; flaunt.
Dis*play", v. i. To make a display; to
act as one making a show or demonstration.
Shak.
Dis*play", n. 1. An opening or
unfolding; exhibition; manifestation.
Having witnessed displays of his power and
grace.
Trench.
2. Ostentatious show; exhibition for effect;
parade.
He died, as erring man should die,
Without display, without parade.
Byron.
Dis*played" (?), a. 1.
Unfolded; expanded; exhibited conspicuously or
ostentatiously.
2. (Her.) With wings expanded; -- said
of a bird of pray, esp. an eagle.
3. (Print.) Set with lines of prominent
type interspersed, to catch the eye.
Dis*play"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, displays.
Dis"ple (?), v. t. To
discipline; to correct. [Obs.]
And bitter Penance, with an iron whip,
Was wont him once to disple every day.
Spenser.
Dis*pleas"ance (?), n. [OF.
desplaisance, F. d\'82plaisance. Cf.
Displacency.] Displeasure; discontent;
annoyance. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dis*pleas"ant (?), a. [OF.
desplaisant, F. d\'82plaisant. See
Displease.] Unpleasing; offensive;
unpleasant. [Obs.] Speed. --
Dis*pleas"ant*ly, adv.
[Obs.] Strype. --
Dis*pleas"ant*ness, n.
[Obs.]
Dis*please" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Displeased
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Displeasing.] [OF.
desplaisir, whence F. d\'82plaisir
displeasure; pref. des- (L. dis-) +
plaisir to please. See Please, and cf.
Displeasure.]
1. To make not pleased; to excite a feeling of
disapprobation or dislike in; to be disagreeable to; to offend;
to vex; -- often followed by with or at. It
usually expresses less than to anger, vex,
irritate, or provoke.
God was displeased with this thing.
1 Chron. xxi. 7.
Wilt thou be displeased at us forever?
Psalms lxxxv. 5 (Bk. of Com. Prayer).
This virtuous plaster will displease
Your tender sides.
J. Fletcher.
Adversity is so wholesome . . . why should we be
displeased therewith?
Barrow.
2. To fail to satisfy; to miss of.
[Obs.]
I shall displease my ends else.
Beau. & Fl.
Syn. -- To offend; disgust; vex; annoy; dissatisfy; chafe;
anger; provoke; affront.
Dis*please", v. i. To give displeasure
or offense. [Obs.]
Dis*pleas"ed*ly (?), adv. With
displeasure. [R.]
Dis*pleas"ed*ness, n. Displeasure.
[R.]
South.
Dis*pleas"er (?), n. One who
displeases.
Dis*pleas"ing, a. Causing displeasure or
dissatisfaction; offensive; disagreeable. --
Dis*pleas"ing*ly, adv. --
Dis*pleas"ing*ness, n.
Locke.
Dis*pleas"ure (?; 135), n.
[Pref. dis- + pleasure: cf. OF.
desplaisir, F. d\'82plaisir. Cf.
Displease.]
1. The feeling of one who is displeased; irritation
or uneasiness of the mind, occasioned by anything that
counteracts desire or command, or which opposes justice or a
sense of propriety; disapprobation; dislike; dissatisfaction;
disfavor; indignation.
O Lord, rebuke me not in thine anger, neither chasten me in
thy hot displeasure.
Ps. vi. 1.
Undoubtedly he will relent, and turn
From his displeasure.
Milton.
2. That which displeases; cause of irritation or
annoyance; offense; injury.
Hast thou delight to see a wretched man
Do outrage and displeasure to himself?
Shak.
<-- p. 430 -->
3. State of disgrace or disfavor; disfavor.
[Obs.]
He went into Poland, being in displeasure with the
pope for overmuch familiarity.
Peacham.
Syn. -- Dissatisfaction; disapprobation; disfavor; distaste;
dislike; anger; hate; aversion; indignation; offense.
Dis*pleas"ure (?; 135), v. t.
To displease. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Dis*plen"ish (?), v. t. To
deprive or strip, as a house of furniture, or a barn of
stock. [Scot.]
{ Dis"pli*cence (?),
Dis"pli*cen*cy (?), } n.
[L. displicentia. See
Displacency.] Dislike; dissatisfaction;
discontent. [Obs.]
W. Montagu.
Dis*plode" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disploded; p.
pr. & vb. n. Disploding.] [L.
displodere, displosum; dis- +
plodere, plaudere, to clap, strike,
beat.] To discharge; to explode.
In posture to displode their second tire
Of thunder.
Milton.
Dis*plode", v. i. To burst with a loud
report; to explode. \'bdDisploding engines.\'b8
Young.
Dis*plo"sion (?), n.
Explosion.
The vast displosion dissipates the clouds.
Young.
Dis*plo"sive (?), a.
Explosive.
Dis*plume" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Displumed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Displuming.] [Pref. dis- +
plume: cf. OF. desplumer, F.
d\'82plumer.] To strip of, or as of, a
plume, or plumes; to deprive of decoration; to dishonor; to
degrade.
Displumed, degraded, and metamorphosed.
Burke.
Dis"po*line (?), n.
(Chem.) One of several isomeric organic bases of
the quinoline series of alkaloids.
Dis*pond" (?), n. See
Despond.
Di*spon"dee (?), n. [L.
dispondeus, Gr. /; / = / twice + /
spondee.] (Gr. / Lat. Pros.) A double
spondee; a foot consisting of four long syllables.
Dis*pone" (?), v. t. [L.
disponere. See Disposition.]
1. (Her.) To dispose.
2. To dispose of.
Chaucer.
3. (Scots Law) To make over, or convey,
legally.
He has disponed . . . the whole estate.
Sir W. Scott.
Dis`po*nee" (?), n. (Scots
Law) The person to whom any property is legally
conveyed.
Dis*pon"er (?), n. (Scots
Law) One who legally transfers property from himself
to another.
Dis*ponge" (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + sponge.] To sprinkle, as
with water from a sponge. [Poetic & Rare]
[Written also dispunge.]
O sovereign mistress of true melancholy,
The poisonous damp of night disponge upon me
.
Shak.
Dis*pope" (?), v. t. To refuse
to consider as pope; to depose from the popedom.
One whom they disposed.
Tennyson.
Di*spor"ous (?), a. [Pref.
di- + sporous.] (Biol.)
Having two spores.
Dis*port" (?), n. [OF.
desport, deport. See Disport,
v. i., and cf. Sport.] Play;
sport; pastime; diversion; playfulness.
Milton.
Dis*port", v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Disported; p. pr. & vb. n.
Disporting.] [OF. se
desporter; pref. des- (L. dis-) + F.
porter to carry; orig. therefore, to carry one's self
away from work, to go to amuse one's self. See Port
demeanor, and cf. Sport.] To play; to wanton;
to move in gayety; to move lightly and without restraint; to
amuse one's self.
Where light disports in ever mingling dyes.
Pope.
Childe Harold basked him in the noontide sun,
Disporting there like any other fly.
Byron.
Dis*port", v. t. [OF.
desporter. See Disport, v.
i.]
1. To divert or amuse; to make merry.
They could disport themselves.
Buckle.
2. To remove from a port; to carry away.
Prynne.
Dis*port"ment (?), n. Act of
disporting; diversion; play. [Obs.]
Dr. H. More.
Dis*pos"a*ble (?), a. [From
Dispose.] Subject to disposal; free to be
used or employed as occasion may require; not assigned to any
service or use.
The great of this kingdom . . . has easily afforded a
disposable surplus.
Burke.
Dis*pos"al (?), n. [From
Dispose.]
1. The act of disposing, or disposing of, anything;
arrangement; orderly distribution; a putting in order; as,
the disposal of the troops in two lines.
2. Ordering; regulation; adjustment; management;
government; direction.
The execution leave to high disposal.
Milton.
3. Regulation of the fate, condition, application,
etc., of anything; the transference of anything into new hands, a
new place, condition, etc.; alienation, or parting; as, a
disposal of property.
A domestic affair of great importance, which is no less than
the disposal of my sister Jenny for life.
Tatler.
4. Power or authority to dispose of, determine the
condition of, control, etc., especially in the phrase
at, or in, the disposal
of.
The sole and absolute disposal of him an his
concerns.
South.
Syn. -- Disposition; dispensation; management; conduct;
government; distribution; arrangement; regulation; control.
Dis*pose" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disposed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disposing.] [F. disposer;
pref. dis- + poser to place. See
Pose.]
1. To distribute and put in place; to arrange; to
set in order; as, to dispose the ships in the form
of a crescent.
Who hath disposed the whole world?
Job xxxiv. 13.
All ranged in order and disposed with grace.
Pope.
The rest themselves in troops did else dispose.
Spenser.
2. To regulate; to adjust; to settle; to
determine.
The knightly forms of combat to dispose.
Dryden.
3. To deal out; to assign to a use; to bestow for
an object or purpose; to apply; to employ; to dispose of.
Importuned him that what he designed to bestow on her funeral,
he would rather dispose among the poor.
Evelyn.
4. To give a tendency or inclination to; to adapt;
to cause to turn; especially, to incline the mind of; to give a
bent or propension to; to incline; to make inclined; -- usually
followed by to, sometimes by for before the
indirect object.
Endure and conquer; Jove will soon dispose
To future good our past and present woes.
Dryden.
Suspicions dispose kings to tyranny, husbands to
jealousy, and wise men to irresolution and melancholy.
Bacon.
To dispose of. (a) To determine the
fate of; to exercise the power of control over; to fix the
condition, application, employment, etc. of; to direct or assign
for a use.
Freedom to order their actions and dispose of their
possessions and persons.
Locke.
(b) To exercise finally one's power of control
over; to pass over into the control of some one else, as by
selling; to alienate; to part with; to relinquish; to get rid of;
as, to dispose of a house; to dispose of
one's time.
More water . . . than can be disposed of.
T. Burnet.
I have disposed of her to a man of business.
Tatler.
A rural judge disposed of beauty's prize.
Waller.
Syn. -- To set; arrange; order; distribute; adjust;
regulate; adapt; fit; incline; bestow; give.
Dis*pose" (?), v. i. To
bargain; to make terms. [Obs.]
She had disposed with C\'91sar.
Shak.
Dis*pose", n. 1. Disposal;
ordering; management; power or right of control.
[Obs.]
But such is the dispose of the sole Disposer of
empires.
Speed.
2. Cast of mind; disposition; inclination;
behavior; demeanor. [Obs.]
He hath a person, and a smooth dispose
To be suspected.
Shak.
Dis*posed" (?), p. a. 1.
Inclined; minded.
When he was disposed to pass into Achaia.
Acts xviii. 27.
2. Inclined to mirth; jolly.
[Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.
Well disposed, in good condition; in good
health. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dis*pos"ed*ness (?), n. The
state of being disposed or inclined; inclination;
propensity. [R.]
Dis*pose"ment (?), n.
Disposal. [Obs.]
Goodwin.
Dis*pos"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, disposes; a regulator; a director; a bestower.
Absolute lord and disposer of all things.
Barrow.
Dis*pos"ing*ly, adv. In a manner to
dispose.
Dis*pos"it*ed (?), a. [See
Disposition.] Disposed.
[Obs.]
Glanvill.
Dis`po*si"tion (?), n. [F.
disposition, dispositio, fr.
disponere to dispose; dis- +
ponere to place. See Position, and cf.
Dispone.]
1. The act of disposing, arranging, ordering,
regulating, or transferring; application; disposal; as, the
disposition of a man's property by will.
Who have received the law by the disposition of
angels.
Acts vii. 53.
The disposition of the work, to put all things in a
beautiful order and harmony, that the whole may be of a
piece.
Dryden.
2. The state or the manner of being disposed or
arranged; distribution; arrangement; order; as, the
disposition of the trees in an orchard; the
disposition of the several parts of an
edifice.
3. Tendency to any action or state resulting from
natural constitution; nature; quality; as, a
disposition in plants to grow in a direction upward; a
disposition in bodies to putrefaction.
4. Conscious inclination; propension or
propensity.
How stands your disposition to be married?
Shak.
5. Natural or prevailing spirit, or temperament of
mind, especially as shown in intercourse with one's fellow-men;
temper of mind. \'bdA man of turbulent
disposition.\'b8 Hallam. \'bdHe is of a very
melancholy disposition.\'b8
Shak.
His disposition led him to do things agreeable to
his quality and condition wherein God had placed him.
Strype.
6. Mood; humor.
As I perchance hereafter shall think meet
To put an antic disposition on.
Shak.
Syn. -- Disposal; adjustment; regulation; arrangement;
distribution; order; method; adaptation; inclination; propensity;
bestowment; alienation; character; temper; mood. --
Disposition, Character, Temper.
Disposition is the natural humor of a person, the
predominating quality of his character, the constitutional habit
of his mind. Character is this disposition influenced
by motive, training, and will. Temper is a quality of
the fiber of character, and is displayed chiefly when the
emotions, especially the passions, are aroused.
Dis`po*si"tion*al (?), a.
Pertaining to disposition.
Dis`po*si"tioned (?), a. Having
(such) a disposition; -- used in compounds; as,
well-dispositioned.
Dis*pos"i*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
dispositif.]
1. Disposing; tending to regulate; decretive.
[Obs.]
His dispositive wisdom and power.
Bates.
2. Belonging to disposition or natural,
tendency. [Obs.] \'bdDispositive
holiness.\'b8
Jer. Taylor.
Dis*pos"i*tive*ly, adv. In a dispositive
manner; by natural or moral disposition.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Do dispositively what Moses is recorded to have
done literally, . . . break all the ten commandments at once.
Boyle.
Dis*pos"it*or (?), n. [L. See
Disposition.]
1. A disposer.
2. (Astrol.) The planet which is lord of
the sign where another planet is. [Obs.]
Crabb.
Dis`pos*sess" (?; see Possess),
v. t. [imp. & p. p.
Dispossessed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dispossessing.] [Pref. dis-
+ possess: cf. F. d\'82poss\'82der.]
To put out of possession; to deprive of the actual occupancy
of, particularly of land or real estate; to disseize; to eject;
-- usually followed by of before the thing taken away;
as, to dispossess a king of his crown.
Usurp the land, and dispossess the swain.
Goldsmith.
Dis`pos*ses"sion (?), n. [Cf.
F. d\'82possession.]
1. The act of putting out of possession; the state
of being dispossessed.
Bp. Hall.
2. (Law) The putting out of possession,
wrongfully or otherwise, of one who is in possession of a
freehold, no matter in what title; -- called also
ouster.
Dis`pos*sess"or (?), n. One who
dispossesses.
Cowley.
Dis*post" (?), v. t. To eject
from a post; to displace. [R.]
Davies (Holy Roode).
Dis*po"sure (?), n. [From
Dispose.]
1. The act of disposing; power to dispose of;
disposal; direction.
Give up
My estate to his disposure.
Massinger.
2. Disposition; arrangement; position;
posture. [Obs.]
In a kind of warlike disposure.
Sir H. Wotton.
Dis*prais"a*ble (?), a.
Blamable. [R.]
Dis*praise" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dispraised
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dispraising.] [OE.
dispreisen, OF. desprisier,
despreisier, F. d\'82priser; pref.
des- (L. dis-) + prisier, F.
priser, to prize, praise. See Praise, and cf.
Disprize, Depreciate.] To withdraw
praise from; to notice with disapprobation or some degree of
censure; to disparage; to blame.
Dispraising the power of his adversaries.
Chaucer.
I dispraised him before the wicked, that the wicked
might not fall in love with him.
Shak.
Dis*praise", n. [Cf. OF.
despris. See Dispraise, v.
t.] The act of dispraising; detraction; blame
censure; reproach; disparagement.
Dryden.
In praise and in dispraise the same.
Tennyson.
Dis*prais"er (?), n. One who
blames or dispraises.
Dis*praising*ly, adv. By way of
dispraise.
Dis*pread" (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + spread.] To spread
abroad, or different ways; to spread apart; to open; as, the
sun dispreads his beams.
Spenser.
Dis*pread", v. i. To extend or expand
itself. [R.]
While tyrant H//t, dispreading through the
sky.
Thomson.
Dis*pread"er (?), n. One who
spreads abroad.
Dispreaders both of vice and error.
Milton.
Dis*prej"u*dice (?), v. t. To
free from prejudice. [Obs.]
W. Montagu.
Dis`pre*pare" (?), v. t. To
render unprepared. [Obs.]
Hobbes.
Dis*prince" (?), v. t. To make
unlike a prince. [R.]
For I was drench'd with ooze, and torn with briers, . . .
And, all one rag, disprinced from head to heel.
Tennyson.
Dis*pris"on (?), v. t. To let
loose from prison, to set all liberty. [R.]
Bulwer.
Dis*priv"i*lege (?), v. t. To
deprive of a privilege or privileges. [R.]
Dis*prize" (?), v. t. [Cf.
Dispraise.] To do preciate.
[R.]
Cotton (Ode to Lydia).
Dis`pro*fess" (?), v. t. To
renounce the profession or pursuit of.
His arms, which he had vowed to disprofess.
Spenser.
Dis*prof"it (?), n. Loss;
damage.
Foxe.
Dis*prof"it, v. i. & i. To be, or to
cause to be, without profit or benefit. [Obs. or
Archaic]
Bale.
Dis*prof"it*a*ble (?), a.
Unprofitable. [Obs.]
Dis*proof" (?), n. [Pref.
dis- + proof. Cf. Disprove.]
A proving to be false or erroneous; confutation; refutation;
as, to offer evidence in disproof of a
statement.
I need not offer anything farther in support of one, or in
disproof of the other.
Rogers.
Dis*prop"er*ty (?), v. t. To
cause to be no longer property; to dispossess of.
[R.]
Shak.
Dis`pro*por"tion (?), n. [Pref.
dis- + proportion: cf. F.
disproportion.]
1. Want of proportion in form or quantity; lack of
symmetry; as, the arm may be in disproportion to the
body; the disproportion of the length of a building to
its height.
2. Want of suitableness, adequacy, or due
proportion to an end or use; unsuitableness; disparity; as,
the disproportion of strength or means to an
object.
Dis`pro*por"tion, v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Disproportioned (?); p. pr.
& vb. n. Disproportioning.] To
make unsuitable in quantity, form, or fitness to an end; to
violate symmetry in; to mismatch; to join unfitly.
To shape my legs of an unequal size;
To disproportion me in every part.
Shak.
A degree of strength altogether disproportioned to
the extent of its territory.
Prescott.
Dis`pro*por"tion*a*ble (?), a.
Disproportional; unsuitable in form, size, quantity, or
adaptation; disproportionate; inadequate. --
Dis`pro*por"tion*a*ble*ness, n.
Hammond. -- Dis`pro*por"tion*a*bly,
adv.
Dis`pro*por"tion*al (?), a. Not
having due proportion to something else; not having proportion or
symmetry of parts; unsuitable in form, quantity or value;
inadequate; unequal; as, a disproportional limb
constitutes deformity in the body; the studies of youth should
not be disproportional to their
understanding.
Dis`pro*por`tion*al"i*ty (?), n.
The state of being disproportional.
Dr. H. More.
Dis`pro*por"tion*al*ly, adv. In a
disproportional manner; unsuitably in form, quantity, or value;
unequally.
Dis`pro*por"tion*ate (?), a.
Not proportioned; unsymmetrical; unsuitable to something
else in bulk, form, value, or extent; out of proportion;
inadequate; as, in a perfect body none of the limbs are
disproportionate; it is wisdom not to undertake a work
disproportionate means. --
Dis`pro*por"tion*ate*ly, adv. --
Dis`pro*por"tion*ate*ness, n.
Dis*pro"pri*ate (?), v. t. [L.
dis- + propriare to appropriate, fr.
proprius one's own, proper.] To cancel the
appropriation of; to disappropriate. [R.]
Dis*prov"a*ble (?), a. Capable
of being disproved or refuted.
Boyle.
Dis*prov"al (?), n. Act of
disproving; disproof. [R.]
<-- p. 431 -->
Dis*prove" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disproved
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disproving.] [Pref. dis- +
prove: cf. OF. desprover.]
1. To prove to be false or erroneous; to confute;
to refute.
That false supposition I advanced in order to
disprove it.
Atterbury.
2. To disallow; to disapprove of.
[Obs.]
Stirling.
Dis*prov"er (?), n. One who
disproves or confutes.
Dis`pro*vide" (?), v. t. Not to
provide; to fail to provide. [Obs.]
Boyle.
Dis*punct" (?), a. Wanting in
punctilious respect; discourteous. [Obs.]
That were dispunct to the ladies.
B. Jonson.
Dis*punct", v. t. [See 1st
Dispunge.] To expunge.
[Obs.]
Foxe.
Dis*punge" (?), v. t. [L.
dispungere to prick apart, i.
e., check off the debts and credits of an account;
dis- + pungere to prick.] To
expunge; to erase. [Obs.]
Dis*punge", v. t. See
Disponge. [Obs.]
Dis*pun"ish*a*ble (?), a.
Without penal restraint; not punishable.
[R.]
Swift.
Dis*pur"pose (?), v. t. To
dissuade; to frustrate; as, to dispurpose
plots. [R.]
A. Brewer.
Dis*purse" (?), v. t. To
disburse. [Obs.]
Shak.
Dis`pur*vey" (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + purvey: cf. OF.
desporveoir, F. d\'82pourvoir.]
To disfurnish; to strip. [Obs.]
Heywood.
Dis`pur*vey"ance (?), n. Want
of provisions; /ack of food. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Dis`pu*ta*ble (?; 277), a. [L.
disputabilis: cf. F. disputable. See
Dispute, v. i.]
1. Capable of being disputed; liable to be called
in question, controverted, or contested; or doubtful certainty or
propriety; controvertible; as, disputable opinions,
propositions, points, or questions.
Actions, every one of which is very disputable.
Jer. Taylor.
2. Disputatious; contentious.
[Obs.]
Shak.
Dis`pu*ta*ble*ness, n. State of being
disputable.
Dis`pu*tac"i*ty (?), n. [See
Dispute, v. i.] Proneness to
dispute. [Obs.]
Bp. Ward.
Dis"pu*tant (?), a. [L.
disputants, p. pr. of disputare: cf. F.
disputant. See Dispute, v.
i.] Disputing; engaged in controversy.
Milton.
Dis"pu*tant, n. One who disputes; one
who argues // opposition to another; one appointed to
dispute; a controvertist; a reasoner in opposition.
A singularly eager, acute, and pertinacious
disputant.
Macaulay.
Dis`pu*ta"tion (?), n. [OE.
desputeson, disputacion, OF.
desputeison, F. disputation, fr. L.
disputatio. See Dispute, v.
i.]
1. The act of disputing; a reasoning or
argumentation in opposition to something, or on opposite sides;
controversy in words; verbal contest respecting the truth of some
fact, opinion, proposition, or argument.
2. A rhetorical exercise in which parties reason in
opposition to each other on some question proposed.
Dis`pu*ta"tious (?), a.
Inclined to dispute; apt to civil or controvert;
characterized by dispute; as, a disputatious person
or temper.
The Christian doctrine of a future life was no recommendation
of the new religion to the wits and philosophers of that
disputations period.
Buckminster.
-- Dis`pu*ta"tious*ly, adv. --
Dis`pu*ta"tious*ness, n.
Dis*put"a*tive (?), a. [L.
disputativus.] Disposed to dispute;
inclined to cavil or to reason in opposition; as, a
disputative temper.
I. Watts.
Dis*pute" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Disputed; p.
pr. & vb. n. Disputing.] [OE.
desputen, disputen, OF.
desputer, disputer, F. disputer,
from L. disputare, disputatum;
dis- + putare to clean; hence, fig., to
clear up, set in order, reckon, think. See Putative,
Pure.] To contend in argument; to argue
against something maintained, upheld, or claimed, by another; to
discuss; to reason; to debate; to altercate; to wrangle.
Therefore disputed [reasoned, Rev. Ver.]
he in synagogue with the Jews.
Acts xvii. 17.
Dis*pute", v. t. 1. To make a
subject of disputation; to argue pro and con; to discuss.
The rest I reserve it be disputed how the
magistrate is to do herein.
Milton.
2. To oppose by argument or assertion; to attempt
to overthrow; to controvert; to express dissent or opposition to;
to call in question; to deny the truth or validity of; as, to
dispute assertions or arguments.
To seize goods under the disputed authority of
writs of assistance.
Bancroft.
3. To strive or contend about; to contest.
To dispute the possession of the ground with the
Spaniards.
Prescott.
4. To struggle against; to resist.
[Obs.]
Dispute it [grief] like a man.
Shak.
Syn. -- To controvert; contest; gainsay; doubt; question;
argue; debate; discuss; impugn. See Argue.
Dis*pute", n. [Cf. F.
dispute. See Dispute, v. i.]
1. Verbal controversy; contest by opposing argument
or expression of opposing views or claims; controversial
discussion; altercation; debate.
Addicted more
To contemplation and profound dispute.
Milton.
2. Contest; struggle; quarrel.
De Foe.
Beyond dispute, Without
dispute, indisputably;
incontrovertibly.
Syn. -- Altercation; controversy; argumentation; debate;
discussion; quarrel; disagreement; difference; contention;
wrangling. See Altercation.
Dis*pute"less, a. Admitting no dispute;
incontrovertible.
Bailey.
Dis*put"er (?), n. One who
disputes, or who is given to disputes; a controvertist.
Where is the disputer of this world?
1 Cor. i. 20.
Dis*pu"ti*son (?), n. [See
Disputation.] Dispute; discussion.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dis*qual`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n.
1. The act of disqualifying, or state of being
disqualified; want of qualification; incompetency; disability;
as, the disqualification of men for holding certain
offices.
2. That which disqualifies; that which
incapacitates or makes unfit; as, conviction of crime is a
disqualification of a person for office; sickness is a
disqualification for labor.
I must still retain the consciousness of those
disqualifications which you have been pleased to
overlook.
Sir J. Shore.
Dis*qual"i*fy (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disqualified
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disqualifying.]
1. To deprive of the qualities or properties
necessary for any purpose; to render unfit; to incapacitate; --
with for or from before the purpose, state,
or act.
My common illness disqualifies me for all
conversation; I mean my deafness.
Swift.
Me are not disqualified by their engagements in
trade from being received in high society.
Southey.
2. To deprive of some power, right, or privilege,
by positive restriction; to disable; to debar legally; as, a
conviction of perjury disqualifies a man to be a
witness.
Dis*quan"ti*ty (?), v. t. To
diminish the quantity of; to lessen. [Obs.]
Shak.
Dis*qui"et (?), a. Deprived of
quiet; impatient; restless; uneasy. [R.]
Shak.
Dis*qui"et, n. Want of quiet; want of
tranquility in body or mind; uneasiness; restlessness;
disturbance; anxiety.
Swift.
Dis*qui"et, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Disquieted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Disquieting.] To render unquiet; to
deprive of peace, rest, or tranquility; to make uneasy or
restless; to disturb.
Why art thou cast down, O my soul, and why art thou
disquieted within me?
Ps. xlii. 11.
As quiet as these disquieted times will permit.
Sir W. Scott.
Syn. -- To harass; disturb; vex; fret; excite;
agitate.
Dis*qui"et*al (?), n. The act
of disquieting; a state of disquiet. [Obs.]
[It] roars and strives 'gainst its disquietal.
Dr. H. More.
Dis*qui"et*er (?), n. One who,
or that which, disquiets, or makes uneasy; a disturber.
Dis*qui"et*ful (?), a.
Producing inquietude or uneasiness. [R.]
Barrow.
Dis*qui"et*ive (?), a. Tending
to disquiet. [R.]
Dis*qui"et*ly, adv. In a disquiet
manner; uneasily; as, he rested disquietly that
night. [R.]
Wiseman.
Dis*qui"et*ment (?), n. State
of being disquieted; uneasiness; harassment.
[R.]
Hopkins.
Dis*qui"et*ness, n. Disturbance of quiet
in body or mind; restlessness; uneasiness.
Hooker.
Dis*qui"et*ous (?), a. Causing
uneasiness. [R.]
So distasteful and disquietous to a number of
men.
Milton.
Dis*qui"et*tude (?), n. Want of
peace or tranquility; uneasiness; disturbance; agitation;
anxiety.
Fears and disquietude, and unavoidable anxieties of
mind.
Abp. Sharp.
Dis`qui*si"tion (?), n. [L.
disquisitio, fr. disquirere to inquire
diligently, investigate; dis- + quaerere to
seek. See Quest.] A formal or systematic
inquiry into, or discussion of, any subject; a full examination
or investigation of a matter, with the arguments and facts
bearing upon it; elaborate essay; dissertation.
For accurate research or grave disquisition he was
not well qualified.
Macaulay.
Dis`qui*si"tion*al (?), a.
Pertaining to disquisition; of the nature of
disquisition.
Dis`qui*si"tion*a*ry (?), a.
Pertaining to disquisition; disquisitional.
Dis*quis"i*tive (?), a.
Relating to disquisition; fond discussion or investigation;
examining; inquisitive.
Dis*quis`i*to"ri*al (?), a.
Disquisitory.
Dis*quis"i*to*ry (?), a. Of or
pertaining to disquisition; disquisitive.
Ed. Rev.
Dis*range" (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + range: cf. OF.
desrengier, F. d\'82rangier. See
Derange, Disrank.] To
disarrange. [Obs.]
Wood.
Dis*rank" (?; see Dis-), v.
t. [Cf. Derange.]
1. To degrade from rank. [Obs.]
2. To throw out of rank or into confusion.
Decker.
Dis*rate" (?), v. t. To reduce
to a lower rating or rank; to degrade.
Marryat.
Dis*ray" (?), variant of
Disarray. [Obs.]
Holland.
Dis*re"al*ize (?), v. t. To
divest of reality; to make uncertain. [Obs.]
Udall.
Dis`re*gard" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disregarded; p.
pr. & vb. n. Disregarding.] Not
to regard; to pay no heed to; to omit to take notice of; to
neglect to observe; to slight as unworthy of regard or notice;
as, to disregard the admonitions of
conscience.
Studious of good, man disregarded fame.
Blackmore.
Dis`re*gard", n. The act of
disregarding, or the state of being disregarded; intentional
neglect; omission of notice; want of attention; slight.
The disregard of experience.
Whewell.
Dis`re*gard"er (?), n. One who
disregards.
Dis`re*gard"ful (?), a.
Neglect; negligent; heedless; regardless.
Dis`re*gard"ful*ly, adv. Negligently;
heedlessly.
Dis*rel"ish (?; see Dis-),
n. 1. Want of relish; dislike (of the
palate or of the mind); distaste; a slight degree of disgust;
as, a disrelish for some kinds of food.
Men love to hear of their power, but have an extreme
disrelish to be told of their duty.
Burke.
2. Absence of relishing or palatable quality; bad
taste; nauseousness.
Milton.
Dis*rel"ish, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Disrelished (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Disrelishing.]
1. Not to relish; to regard as unpalatable or
offensive; to feel a degree of disgust at.
Pope.
2. To deprive of relish; to make nauseous or
disgusting in a slight degree.
Milton.
Dis`re*mem"ber (?), v. t. To
fail to remember; to forget. [Obs. or Archaic]
Dis`re*pair" (?), n. A state of
being in bad condition, and wanting repair.
The fortifications were ancient and in
disrepair.
Sir W. Scott.
Dis*rep`u*ta*bil"i*ty (?), n.
The state of being disreputable. [R.]
Dis*rep"u*ta*ble (?), a. Not
reputable; of bad repute; not in esteem; dishonorable; disgracing
the reputation; tending to bring into disesteem; as, it is
disreputable to associate familiarly with the mean, the
lewd, and the profane.
Why should you think that conduct disreputable in
priests which you probably consider as laudable in yourself?
Bp. Watson.
Syn. -- Dishonorable; discreditable; low; mean; disgraceful;
shameful.
Dis*rep"u*ta*bly, adv. In a disreputable
manner.
Dis*rep`u*ta"tion (?), n. Loss
or want of reputation or good name; dishonor; disrepute;
disesteem. \'bdA disreputation of piety.\'b8
Jer. Taylor.
Dis`re*pute" (?), n. Loss or
want of reputation; ill character; disesteem; discredit.
At the beginning of the eighteenth century astrology fell into
general disrepute.
Sir W. Scott.
Syn. -- Disesteem; discredit; dishonor; disgrace.
Dis`re*pute", v. t. To bring into
disreputation; to hold in dishonor. [R.]
More inclined to love them tan to disrepute
them.
Jer. Taylor.
Dis`re*spect" (?), n. Want of
respect or reverence; disesteem; incivility; discourtesy.
Impatience of bearing the least affront or
disrespect.
Pope.
Dis`re*spect", v. t. To show disrespect
to.
We have disrespected and slighted God.
Comber.
Dis`re*spect`a*bil"i*ty (?), n.
Want of respectability.
Thackeray.
Dis`re*spect"a*ble (?), a. Not
respectable; disreputable.
M. Arnold.
Dis`re*spect"er (?), n. One who
disrespects.
Dis`re*spect"ful (?), a.
Wanting in respect; manifesting disesteem or lack of
respect; uncivil; as, disrespectful
behavior. -- Dis`re*spect"ful*ly,
adv. -- Dis`re*spect"ful*ness,
n.
Dis`re*spect"ive (?), a.
Showing want of respect; disrespectful.
[Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
Dis*rev"er*ence (?), v. t. To
treat irreverently or with disrespect. [Obs.]
Sir T. More.
Dis*robe" (?; see Dis-), v. t. &
i. [imp. & p. p. Disrobed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disrobing.] To divest of a robe; to
undress; figuratively, to strip of covering; to divest of that
which clothes or decorates; as, autumn disrobes the
fields of verdure.
Two great peers were disrobed of their glory.
Sir H. Wotton.
Dis*rob"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, disrobes.
Dis*roof" (?), v. t. To
unroof. [R.]
Carlyle.
Dis*root" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disrooted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Disrooting.] To tear
up the roots of, or by the roots; hence, to tear from a
foundation; to uproot.
A piece of ground disrooted from its situation by
subterraneous inundations.
Goldsmith.
Dis*rout" (?), v. i. [Cf. OF.
desrouter, F. d\'82router.] To
put to rout.
Taylor (1630).
Dis*rud"der (?), v. t. To
deprive of the rudder, as a ship.
Dis*ru"li*ly (?), adv. In a
disorderly manner. [Obs.]
Rom. of R.
Dis*ru"ly (?), a. Unruly;
disorderly. [Obs.]
Dis*rupt" (?), a. [L.
disruptus, diruptus, p. p. of
disrumpere, to break or burst asunder; dis-
+ rumpere to break, burst. See
Rupture.] Rent off; torn asunder; severed;
disrupted.
Dis*rupt", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Disrupted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Disrupting.] To break asunder; to
rend.
Thomson.
Dis*rup"tion (?), n. [L.
disruptio, diruptio.] The act or
rending asunder, or the state of being rent asunder or broken in
pieces; breach; rent; dilaceration; rupture; as, the
disruption of rocks in an earthquake;
disruption of a state.
Dis*rupt"ive (?), a. Causing,
or tending to cause, disruption; caused by disruption; breaking
through; bursting; as, the disruptive discharge of
an electrical battery.
Nichol.
Dis*rup"ture (?), n.
Disruption. [R.]
Jefferson.
Dis*sat`is*fac"tion (?), n. The
state of being dissatisfied, unsatisfied, or discontented;
uneasiness proceeding from the want of gratification, or from
disappointed wishes and expectations.
The ambitious man has little happiness, but is subject to much
uneasiness and dissatisfaction.
Addison.
Syn. -- Discontent; discontentment; displeasure;
disapprobation; distaste; dislike.
Dis*sat`is*fac"to*ry (?), a.
Causing dissatisfaction; unable to give content;
unsatisfactory; displeasing.
To have reduced the different qualifications in the different
States to one uniform rule, would probably have been as
dissatisfactory to some of the States, as difficult
for the Convention.
A. Hamilton.
-- Dis*sat`is*fac"to*ri*ness (#),
n.
Dis*sat"is*fy (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dissatisfied
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dissatisfying.] To render unsatisfied
or discontented; to excite uneasiness in by frustrating wishes or
expectations; to displease by the want of something requisite;
as, to be dissatisfied with one's
fortune.
The dissatisfied factions of the autocracy.
Bancroft.
Dis*seat" (?), v. t. To
unseat. [R.]
Shak.
Dis*sect" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dissected; p.
pr. & vb. n. Dissecting.] [L.
dissectus, p. p. of dissecare;
dis- + secare to cut. See
Section.]
1. (Anat.) To divide into separate
parts; to cut in pieces; to separate and expose the parts of, as
an animal or a plant, for examination and to show their structure
and relations; to anatomize.
<-- p. 432 -->
2. To analyze, for the purposes of science or
criticism; to divide and examine minutely.
This paragraph . . . I have dissected for a
sample.
Atterbury.
Dis*sect"ed (?), a. 1.
Cut into several parts; divided into sections; as, a
dissected map.
2. (Bot.) Cut deeply into many lobes or
divisions; as, a dissected leaf.
Dis*sect"i*ble (?), a. Capable
of being dissected, or separated by dissection.
Paley.
Dis*sect"ing, a. 1. Dividing or
separating the parts of an animal or vegetable body; as, a
dissecting aneurism, one which makes its way between or
within the coats of an artery.
2. Of or pertaining to, or received during, a
dissection; as, a dissecting wound.
3. Used for or in dissecting; as, a
dissecting knife; a dissecting
microscope.
Dis*sec"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
dissection.]
1. The act of dissecting an animal or plant;
as, dissection of the human body was held sacrilege
till the time of Francis I.
2. Fig.: The act of separating or dividing for the
purpose of critical examination.
3. Anything dissected; especially, some part, or
the whole, of an animal or plant dissected so as to exhibit the
structure; an anatomical so prepared.
Dissection wound, a poisoned wound incurred
during the dissection of a dead body.
Dis*sect"or (?), n. [Cf. F.
dissecteur.] One who dissects; an
anatomist.
Dis*seize" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disseized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disseizing.] [Pref. dis- +
seize: cf. F. dessaisir.]
(Law) To deprive of seizin or possession; to
dispossess or oust wrongfully (one in freehold possession of
land); -- followed by of; as, to disseize
a tenant of his freehold. [Written also
disseise.]
Which savage beasts strive as eagerly to keep and hold those
golden mines, as the Arimaspians to disseize them
thereof.
Holland.
Dis`sei*zee" (?), n.
(Law) A person disseized, or put out of
possession of an estate unlawfully; -- correlative to
disseizor. [Written also
disseisee.]
Dis*sei"zin (?), n. [OF.
dessaisine.] (Law) The act of
disseizing; an unlawful dispossessing and ouster of a person
actually seized of the freehold. [Written also
disseisin.]
Blackstone.
Dis*sei"zor (?), n. (Law)
One who wrongfully disseizes, or puts another out of
possession of a freehold. [Written also
disseisor.]
Blackstone.
Dis*sei"zor*ess, n. (Law) A
woman disseizes.
Dis*sei"zure (?; 135), n.
Disseizin.
Speed.
Dis*sem"blance (?), n. [Cf. F.
dissemblance. See Dissemble.] Want
of resemblance; dissimilitude. [R.]
Osborne.
Dis*sem"blance, n. [Dissemble
+ -ance.] The act or art of dissembling;
dissimulation. [Obs.]
Dis*sem"ble (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dissembled; p.
pr. & vb. n. Dissembling
(?).] [OF. dissembler to be
dissimilar; pref. dis- (L. dis-) + F.
sembler to seem, L. simulare to simulate;
cf. L. dissimulare to dissemble. See
Simulate, and cf. Dissimulate.]
1. To hide under a false semblance or seeming; to
feign (something) not to be what it really is; to put an untrue
appearance upon; to disguise; to mask.
Dissemble all your griefs and discontents.
Shak.
Perhaps it was right to dissemble your love,
But -- why did you kick me down stairs?
J. P. Kemble.
2. To put on the semblance of; to make pretense of;
to simulate; to feign.
He soon dissembled a sleep.
Tatler.
Syn. -- To conceal; disguise; cloak; cover; equivocate. See
Conceal.
Dis*sem"ble, v. i. To conceal the real
fact, motives, /tention, or sentiments, under some pretense; to
assume a false appearance; to act the hypocrite.
He that hateth dissembleth with his lips.
Prov. xxvi. 24.
He [an enemy] dissembles when he assumes an air of
friendship.
C. J. Smith.
Dis*sem"bler (?), n. One who
dissembles; one who conceals his opinions or dispositions under a
false appearance; a hypocrite.
It is the weakest sort of politicians that are the greatest
dissemblers.
Bacon.
Priests, princes, women, no dissemblers here.
Pope.
Syn. -- Dissembler, Hypocrite.
A person is called a dissembler with reference
to his concealment of his real character, and a
hypocrite with reference to his assumption of a false
character. But hypocrite is the stronger word, being
commonly used to characterize a person who is habitually
insincere and false, especially one who makes professions of
goodness when his aims are selfish and his life corrupt.
Dis*sem"bling (?), a. That
dissembles; hypocritical; false. --
Dis*sem"bling*ly, adv.
Dis*sem"i*nate (?), v. t. & i.
[imp. & p. p. Disseminated;
p. pr. & vb. n. Disseminating.]
[L. disseminatus, p. p. of disseminare
to disseminate; dis- + seminare to sow,
semen seed. See Seminary.]
1. To sow broadcast or as seed; to scatter for
growth and propagation, like seed; to spread abroad; to diffuse;
as, principles, ideas, opinions, and errors are
disseminated when they are spread abroad for
propagation.
2. To spread or extend by dispersion.
A nearly uniform and constant fire or heat
disseminated throughout the body of the earth.
Woodward.
Syn. -- To spread; diffuse; propagate; circulate; disperse;
scatter.
Dis*sem"i*na`ted (?), p. a.
(Min.) Occurring in small portions scattered
through some other substance.
Dis*sem`i*na"tion (?), n. [L.
disseminatio: cf. F.
diss\'82mination.] The act of
disseminating, or the state of being disseminated; diffusion for
propagation and permanence; a scattering or spreading abroad, as
of ideas, beliefs, etc.
The universal dissemination of those writings.
Wayland.
Dis*sem"i*na*tive (?), a.
Tending to disseminate, or to become disseminated.
The effect of heresy is, like the plague, infectious and
disseminative.
Jer. Taylor.
Dis*sem"i*na`tor (?), n.
[L.] One who, or that which, disseminates,
spreads, or propagates; as, disseminators of
disease.
Dis*sen"sion (?), n. [L.
dissensio: cf. F. dissension. See
Dissent.] Disagreement in opinion, usually of
a violent character, producing warm debates or angry words;
contention in words; partisan and contentious divisions; breach
of friendship and union; strife; discord; quarrel.
Paul and Barnabas had no small dissension and
disputation with them.
Acts xv. 2.
Debates, dissension, uproars are thy joy.
Dryden.
A seditious person and raiser-up of dissension
among the people.
Robynson (More's Utopia).
Dis*sen"sious (?), a. Disposed
to discord; contentious; dissentious. [R.]
Ascham. -- Dis*sen"sious*ly,
adv.
Chapman.
Dis*sent" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Dissented; p.
pr. & vb. n. Dissenting.] [L.
dissentire, dissentum; dis- +
sentire to feel, think. See Sense.]
1. To differ in opinion; to be of unlike or
contrary sentiment; to disagree; -- followed by
from.
The bill passed . . . without a dissenting
voice.
Hallam.
Opinions in which multitudes of men dissent from
us.
Addison.
2. (Eccl.) To differ from an established
church in regard to doctrines, rites, or government.
3. To differ; to be of a contrary nature.
Hooker.
Dis*sent", n. 1. The act of
dissenting; difference of opinion; refusal to adopt something
proposed; nonagreement, nonconcurrence, or disagreement.
The dissent of no small number [of peers] is
frequently recorded.
Hallam.
2. (Eccl.) Separation from an
established church, especially that of England;
nonconformity.
It is the dissidence of dissent and the
protestantism of the Protestant religion.
Burke.
3. Contrariety of nature; diversity in
quality. [Obs.]
The dissent of the metals.
Bacon.
Syn. -- Disagreement; variance; difference; nonconcurrence;
nonconformity.
Dis`sen*ta"ne*ous (?), a. [L.
dissentaneus.] Disagreeing; contrary;
differing; -- opposed to consentaneous.
[R.]
Barrow.
Dis"sen*ta*ny (?), a.
Dissentaneous; inconsistent. [Obs.]
Milton.
Dis`sen*ta"tion (?), n.
Dissension. [Obs.]
W. Browne.
Dis*sent"er (?), n. 1.
One who dissents; one who differs in opinion, or declares
his disagreement.
2. (Eccl.) One who separates from the
service and worship of an established church; especially, one who
disputes the authority or tenets of the Church of England; a
nonconformist.
Dissenters from the establishment of their several
countries.
Burke.
Robert Brown is said to have the first formal
dissenter.
Shipley.
Brande & C.
Dis*sent"er*ism (?), n. The
spirit or principles of dissenters.
Ed. Rev.
Dis*sen"ti*ate (?), v. t. To
throw into a state of dissent. [R.]
Feltham.
Dis*sen"tient (?), a. [L.
dissentiens, p. pr. of dissentire. See
Dissent, v. i.] Disagreeing;
declaring dissent; dissenting. -- n.
One who dissents.
Macaulay.
Dis*sen"tious (?), a. Marked by
dissensions; apt to breed discord; quarrelsome; contentious;
factious. -- Dis*sen"tious*ly,
adv.
Dis*sent"ive (?), a.
Disagreeing; inconsistent. [Obs.]
Feltham.
Dis*sep"i*ment (?), n. [L.
dissaepimentum, fr. dissaepire;
dis- + saepire to hedge in, inclose.]
1. A separating tissue; a partition; a
septum.
2. (Bot.) One of the partitions which
divide a compound ovary into cells.
3. (Zo\'94l.) One of the transverse,
calcareous partitions between the radiating septa of a
coral.
Dis*sert" (?), v. i. [L.
dissertus, p. p. of disserere;
dis- + serere to join, connect: cf. F.
disserter. See Series.] To
discourse or dispute; to discuss. [R.]
We have disserted upon it a little longer than was
necessary.
Jeffrey.
Dis"ser*tate (?), v. i. [L.
dissertatus, p. p. of dissertare to
discuss, intents, fr. disserere. See
Dissert.] To deal in dissertation; to write
dissertations; to discourse. [R.]
J. Foster.
Dis`ser*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
dissertatio: cf. F. dissertation.]
A formal or elaborate argumentative discourse, oral or
written; a disquisition; an essay; a discussion; as,
Dissertations on the Prophecies.
Dis`ser*ta"tion*al (?), a.
Relating to dissertations; resembling a dissertation.
Dis`ser*ta"tion*ist, n. A writer of
dissertations.
Dis"ser*ta`tor (?), n. [L.: cf.
F. dissertateur.] One who writers a
dissertation; one who discourses.
Boyle.
Dis*sert"ly (?), adv. See
Disertly. [Obs.]
Dis*serve" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Di/////
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disserving.] [Pref. dis- +
serve: cf. F. desservir.] To
fail to serve; to do injury or mischief to; to damage; to hurt;
to harm.
Have neither served nor disserved the interests of
any party.
Jer. Taylor.
Dis*serv"ice (?), n. [Pref.
dis- + service: cf. F.
desservice.] Injury; mischief.
We shall rather perform good offices unto truth than any
disservice unto their relators.
Sir T. Browne.
Dis*serv"ice*a*ble (?), a.
Calculated to do disservice or harm; not serviceable;
injurious; harmful; unserviceable. Shaftesbury. --
Dis*serv"ice*a*ble*ness, n.
Norris. -- Dis*serv"ice*a*bly,
adv.
Dis*set"tle (?), v. t. To
unsettle. [Obs.]
Dis*set"tle*ment (?), n. The
act of unsettling, or the state of being unsettled.
Marvell.
Dis*sev"er (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dissevered
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dissevering.] [OE.
dessevrer; pref. des- (L. dis-)
+ sevrer to sever, F. sevrer to wean, L.
separate to separate. In this word the prefix is
intensive. See Dis-, and Sever.] To
part in two; to sever thoroughly; to sunder; to disunite; to
separate; to disperse.
The storm so dissevered the company . . . that most
of therm never met again.
Sir P. Sidney.
States disserved, discordant, belligerent.
D. Webster.
Dis*sev"er, v. i. To part; to
separate.
Chaucer.
Dis*sev"er*ance (?), n. [OF.
dessevrance.] The act of disserving;
separation.
Dis*sev`er*a"tion (?), n. The
act of disserving; disseverance. [Obs.]
Dis*sev"er*ment (?), n. [Cf.
OF. dessevrement.] Disseverance.
Sir W. Scott.
Dis*shad"ow (?), v. t. To free
from shadow or shade. [Obs.]
G. Fletcher.
Dis*sheathe" (?), v. i. To
become unsheathed. [Obs.]
Sir W. Raleigh.
Dis*ship" (?), v. t. To dismiss
from service on board ship. [Obs.]
Hakluyt.
Dis*shiv"er (?), v. t. & i. To
shiver or break in pieces. [Obs.]
Dis"si*dence (?), n. [L.
dissidentia: cf. F. dissidence. See
Dissident, a.] Disagreement;
dissent; separation from the established religion.
I. Taylor.
It is the dissidence of dissent.
Burke.
Dis"si*dent (?), a. [L.
dissidens, -entis, p. pr. of
dissidere to sit apart, to disagree; dis- +
sedere to sit: cf. F. dissident. See
Sit.] No agreeing; dissenting; discordant;
different.
Our life and manners be dissident from theirs.
Robynson (More's Utopia).
Dis"si*dent, n. (Eccl.) One
who disagrees or dissents; one who separates from the established
religion.
The dissident, habituated and taught to think of
his dissidenc/ as a laudable and necessary opposition to
ecclesiastical usurpation.
I. Taylor.
Dis"si*dent*ly, adv. In a dissident
manner.
{ Dis*sil"i*ence (?; 106),
Dis*sil"i*en*cy (?), } n.
The act of leaping or starting asunder.
Johnson.
Dis*sil"i*ent (?), a. [L.
dissiliens, -entis, p. pr. of
dissilire to leap asunder: dis- +
salire to leap.] Starting asunder; bursting
and opening with an elastic force; dehiscing explosively; as,
a dissilient pericarp.
Dis`si*li"tion (?), n. The act
of bursting or springing apart. [R.]
Boyle.
Dis*sim"i*lar (?), a. [Pref.
dis- + similar: cf. F.
dissimilaire.] Not similar; unlike;
heterogeneous; as, the tempers of men are as
dissimilar as their features.
This part very dissimilar to any other.
Boyle.
Dis*sim`i*lar"i*ty (?), n. Want
of resemblance; unlikeness; dissimilitude; variety; as, the
dissimilarity of human faces and forms.
Sir W. Jones.
Dis*sim"i*lar*ly (?), adv. In a
dissimilar manner; in a varied style.
With verdant shrubs dissimilarly gay.
C. Smart.
Dis*sim"i*late (?), v. t. To
render dissimilar.
Dis*sim`i*la"tion (?), n. The
act of making dissimilar.
H. Sweet.
Dis*sim"i*le (?), n. [L.
dissimile, neut. // dissimilis
unlike.] (Rhet.) Comparison or illustration
by contraries.
Dis`si*mil"i*tude (?), n. [L.
dissimilitudo, fr. dissimilis: cf. F.
dissimilitude.]
1. Want of resemblance; unlikeness;
dissimilarity.
Dissimilitude between the Divinity and images.
Stillingfleet.
2. (Rhet.) A comparison by contrast; a
dissimile.
Dis*sim"u*late (?), a. [L.
dissimulatus, p. p. of dissimulare. See
Dissemble.] Feigning; simulating;
pretending. [Obs.]
Henryson.
Dis*sim"u*late (?), v. i. To
dissemble; to feign; to pretend.
Dis*sim`u*la"tion (?), n. [L.
dissimulatio: cf. F. dissimulation.]
The act of dissembling; a hiding under a false appearance;
concealment by feigning; false pretension; hypocrisy.
Let love be without dissimulation.
Rom. xii. 9.
Dissimulation . . . when a man lets fall signs and
arguments that he is not that he is.
Bacon.
Simulation is a pretense of what is not, and
dissimulation a concealment of what is.
Tatler.
Dis*sim"u*la`tor (?), n.
[L.] One who dissimulates; a dissembler.
Dis*sim"ule (?), v. t. & i. [F.
dissimuler. See Dissimulate.] To
dissemble. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dis*sim"u*ler (?), n. A
dissembler. [Obs.]
Dis*sim"u*lour (?), n. [OF.
dissimuleur.] A dissembler.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dis"si*pa*ble (?), a. [L.
dissipabilis.] Capable of being scattered
or dissipated. [R.]
The heat of those plants is very dissipable.
Bacon.
<-- p. 433 -->
Dis"si*pate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dissipated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Dissipating.] [L.
dissipatus, p. p. of dissipare;
dis- + an obsolete verb sipare,
supare. to throw.]
1. To scatter completely; to disperse and cause to
disappear; -- used esp. of the dispersion of things that can
never again be collected or restored.
Dissipated those foggy mists of error.
Selden.
I soon dissipated his fears.
Cook.
The extreme tendency of civilization is to
dissipate all intellectual energy.
Hazlitt.
2. To destroy by wasteful extravagance or lavish
use; to squander.
The vast wealth . . . was in three years
dissipated.
Bp. Burnet.
Syn. -- To disperse; scatter; dispel; spend; squander;
waste; consume; lavish.
Dis"si*pate, v. i. 1. To
separate into parts and disappear; to waste away; to scatter; to
disperse; to vanish; as, a fog or cloud gradually
dissipates before the rays or heat of the sun; the heat
of a body dissipates.
2. To be extravagant, wasteful, or dissolute in the
pursuit of pleasure; to engage in dissipation.
Dis"si*pa`ted (?), a. 1.
Squandered; scattered. \'bdDissipated
wealth.\'b8
Johnson.
2. Wasteful of health, money, etc., in the pursuit
of pleasure; dissolute; intemperate.
A life irregular and dissipated.
Johnson.
Dis`si*pa"tion (?), n. [L.
dissipatio: cf. F. dissipation.]
1. The act of dissipating or dispersing; a state of
dispersion or separation; dispersion; waste.
Without loss or dissipation of the matter.
Bacon.
The famous dissipation of mankind.
Sir M. Hale.
2. A dissolute course of life, in which health,
money, etc., are squandered in pursuit of pleasure; profuseness
in vicious indulgence, as late hours, riotous living, etc.;
dissoluteness.
To reclaim the spendthrift from his dissipation and
extravagance.
P. Henry.
3. A trifle which wastes time or distracts
attention.
Prevented from finishing them [the letters] a thousand
avocations and dissipations.
Swift.
Dissipation of energy. Same as
Degradation of energy, under
Degradation.
Dis"si*pa*tive (?), a. Tending
to dissipate.
Dissipative system (Mech.), an
assumed system of matter and motions in which forces of friction
and resistances of other kinds are introduced without regard to
the heat or other molecular actions which they generate; --
opposed to conservative system.
Dis`si*pa*tiv"i*ty (?), n. The
rate at which palpable energy is dissipated away into other forms
of energy.
Dis"site (?), a. [L.
dissitus.] Lying apart.
[Obs.]
Lands far dissite and remote asunder.
Holland.
Dis*slan"der (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- (intens.) + slander.] To
slander. [Obs.]
Legend of Dido.
Dis*slan"der, n. Slander.
[Obs.]
E. Hall.
Dis*slan"der*ous (?), a.
Slanderous. [Obs.]
Dis*so`cia*bil"i*ty (?), n.
Want of sociability; unsociableness.
Bp. Warburton.
Dis*so"cia*ble (?), a. [L.
dissociabilis, fr. issociare: cf. F.
dissociable. See Dissociate.]
1. Not /ell associated or assorted;
incongruous.
They came in two and two, though matched in the most
dissociable manner.
Spectator.
2. Having a tendency to dissolve social
connections; unsuitable to society; unsociable.
Dis*so"cial (?), a. [Pref.
dis- + social: cf. L.
dissocialis. See Dissociate, v.
t.] Unfriendly to society; contracted; selfish;
as, dissocial feelings.
Dis*so"cial*ize (?), v. t. To
render unsocial.
Dis*so"ci*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dissociated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Dissociating.] [L.
dissociatus, p. p. of dissociare to
dissociate; dis- + sociare to unite,
associate, socius companion. See
Social.] To separate from fellowship or
union; to disunite; to disjoin; as, to dissociate
the particles of a concrete substance.
Before Wyclif's death in 1384, John of Gaunt had openly
dissociated himself from the reformer.
A. W. Ward.
Dis*so`ci*a"tion (?; 106), n.
[L. dissociatio: cf. F.
dissociation.]
1. The act of dissociating or disuniting; a state
of separation; disunion.
It will add infinitely dissociation, distraction,
and confusion of these confederate republics.
Burke.
2. (Chem.) The process by which a
compound body breaks up into simpler constituents; -- said
particularly of the action of heat on gaseous or volatile
substances; as, the dissociation of the sulphur
molecules; the dissociation of ammonium chloride into
hydrochloric acid and ammonia.
Dis*so"ci*a*tive (?), a.
Tending or leading to dissociation.
Dis`so*lu*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being dissoluble; capacity of being dissoluble;
capacity of being dissolved by heat or moisture, and converted
into a fluid.
Dis"so*lu*ble (?), a. [L.
dissolubilis: cf. F. dissoluble. See
Dissolve, and cf. Dissolvable.]
1. Capable of being dissolved; having its parts
separable by heat or moisture; convertible into a fluid.
Woodward.
2. Capable of being disunited.
Dis"so*lu*ble*ness, n. The quality of
being dissoluble; dissolubility.
Boyle.
Dis"so*lute (?), a. [L.
dissolutus, p. p. of dissolvere: cf. F.
dissolu. See Dissolve.]
1. With nerves unstrung; weak.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
2. Loosed from restraint; esp., loose in morals and
conduct; recklessly abandoned to sensual pleasures; profligate;
wanton; lewd; debauched. \'bdA wild and
dissolute soldier.\'b8
Motley.
Syn. -- Uncurbed; unbridled; disorderly; unrestrained;
reckless; wild; wanton; vicious; lax; licentious; lewd; /akish;
debauched; profligate.
Dis"so*lute*ly (?), adv. In a
dissolute manner.
Dis"so*lute*ness, n. State or quality of
being dissolute; looseness of morals and manners; addictedness to
sinful pleasures; debauchery; dissipation.
Chivalry had the vices of dissoluteness.
Bancroft.
Dis`so*lu"tion (?), n. [OE.
dissolucioun dissoluteness, F. dissolution,
fr. L. dissolutio, fr. dissolvere. See
Dissolve.]
1. The act of dissolving, sundering, or separating
into component parts; separation.
Dissolutions of ancient amities.
Shak.
2. Change from a solid to a fluid state; solution
by heat or moisture; liquefaction; melting.
3. Change of form by chemical agency;
decomposition; resolution.
The dissolution of the compound.
South.
4. The dispersion of an assembly by terminating its
sessions; the breaking up of a partnership.
Dissolution is the civil death of Parliament.
Blackstone.
5. The extinction of life in the human body;
separation of the soul from the body; death.
We expected
Immediate dissolution.
Milton.
6. The state of being dissolved, or of undergoing
liquefaction.
A man of continual dissolution and thaw.
Shak.
7. The new product formed by dissolving a body; a
solution.
Bacon.
8. Destruction of anything by the separation of its
parts; ruin.
To make a present dissolution of the world.
Hooker.
9. Corruption of morals; dissipation;
dissoluteness. [Obs. or R.]
Atterbury.
Dis*solv`a*bil"i*ty (?), n.
Capacity of being dissolved; solubility.
Richardson.
Dis*solv"a*ble (?), a. [From
Dissolve, cf. Dissoluble.] Capable
of being dissolved, or separated into component parts; capable of
being liquefied; soluble. --
Dis*solv"a*ble*ness,
n.
Though everything which is compacted be in its own nature
dissolvable.
Cudworth.
Such things as are not dissolvable by the moisture
of the tongue.
Sir I. Newton.
Dis*solv"a*tive (?), n. Having
the power to dissolve anything; solvent.
[Obs.]
Frampton.
Dis*solve" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dissolved
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dissolving.] [L. dissolvere,
dissolutum; dis- + solvere to
loose, free. See Solve, and cf.
Dissolute.]
1. To separate into competent parts; to
disorganize; to break up; hence, to bring to an end by separating
the parts, sundering a relation, etc.; to terminate; to destroy;
to deprive of force; as, to dissolve a partnership;
to dissolve Parliament.
Lest his ungoverned rage dissolve the life.
Shak.
2. To break the continuity of; to disconnect; to
disunite; to sunder; to loosen; to undo; to separate.
Nothing can dissolve us.
Shak.
Down fell the duke, his joints dissolved
asunder.
Fairfax.
For one people to dissolve the political bands
which have connected them with another.
The Declaration of Independence.
3. To convert into a liquid by means of heat,
moisture, etc.,; to melt; to liquefy; to soften.
As if the world were all dissolved to tears.
Shak.
4. To solve; to clear up; to resolve.
\'bdDissolved the mystery.\'b8
Tennyson.
Make interpretations and dissolve doubts.
Dan. v. 16.
5. To relax by pleasure; to make powerless.
Angels dissolved in hallelujahs lie.
Dryden.
6. (Law) To annul; to rescind; to
discharge or release; as, to dissolve an
injunction.
Syn. -- See Adjourn.
Dis*solve", v. i. 1. To waste
away; to be dissipated; to be decomposed or broken up.
2. To become fluid; to be melted; to be
liquefied.
A figure
Trenched in ice, which with an hour's heat
Dissolves to water, and doth lose his form.
Shak.
3. To fade away; to fall to nothing; to lose
power.
The charm dissolves apace.
Shak.
Dis*solv"ent (?), a. [L.
dissolvens, -entis, p. pr. of
dissolvere.] Having power to dissolve power
to dissolve a solid body; as, the dissolvent juices
of the stomach.
Ray.
Dis*solv"ent, n. 1. That which
has the power of dissolving or melting other substances, esp. by
mixture with them; a menstruum; a solvent.
Melted in the crucible dissolvents.
A. Smith.
The secret treaty of December acted as an immediate
dissolvent to the truce.
Mothley.
2. (Med.) A remedy supposed capable of
dissolving concretions in the body, such as calculi, tubercles,
etc.
Dis*solv"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, has power to dissolve or dissipate.
Thou kind dissolver of encroaching care.
Otway.
Dis*solv"ing, a. Melting; breaking up;
vanishing. -- Dis*solv"ing*ly,
adv.
Dissolving view, a picture which grows dim and
is gradually replaced by another on the same field; -- an effect
produced by magic lanterns.
Dis"so*nance (?), n. [L.
dissonantia: cf. F. dissonance.]
1. A mingling of discordant sounds; an inharmonious
combination of sounds; discord.
Filled the air with barbarous dissonance.
Milton.
2. Want of agreement; incongruity.
Milton.
Dis"so*nan*cy (?), n. Discord;
dissonance.
Dis"so*nant (?), a. [L.
dissonans, -antis, p. pr. of
dissonare to disagree in sound, be discordant;
dis- + sonare to sound: cf. F.
dissonant. See Sonant.]
1. Sounding harshly; discordant;
unharmonious.
With clamor of voices dissonant and loud.
Longfellow.
2. Disagreeing; incongruous; discrep////,
-- with from or to. \'bdAnything
dissonant to truth.\'b8
South.
What can be dissonant from reason and nature than
that a man, naturally inclined to clemency, should show himself
unkind and inhuman?
Hakewill.
Dis*spir"it (?), v. t. See
Dispirit.
Dis*suade" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dissuaded; p.
pr. & vb. n. Dissuading.] [L.
dissuadere, dissuasum; dis- +
suadere to advise, persuade: cf. F.
dissuader. See Suasion.]
1. To advise or exhort against; to try to persuade
(one from a course). [Obsolescent]
Mr. Burchell, on the contrary, dissuaded her with
great ardor: and I stood neuter.
Goldsmith.
War, therefore, open or concealed, alike
My voice dissuades.
Milton.
2. To divert by persuasion; to turn from a purpose
by reasons or motives; -- with from; as, I could
not dissuade him from his purpose.
I have tried what is possible to dissuade him.
Mad. D' Arblay.
Dis*suad"er (?), n. One who
dissuades; a dehorter.
Dis*sua"sion (?), n. [L.
dissuasio: cf. F. dissuasion. See
Dissuade.]
1. The act of dissuading; exhortation against a
thing; dehortation.
In spite of all the dissuasions of his friends.
Boyle.
2. A motive or consideration tending to dissuade; a
dissuasive.
Dis*sua"sive (?), a. Tending to
dissuade or divert from a measure or purpose; dehortatory;
as, dissuasive advice. --
n. A dissuasive argument or counsel;
dissuasion; dehortation. Prynne. --
Dis*sua"sive*ly, adv.
Dis*sua"so*ry (?), n. A
dissuasive. [R.]
This virtuous and reasonable person, however, has ill luck in
all his dissuasories.
Jeffrey.
Dis*sun"der (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dissundered
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dissundering.] [Pref. dis-
(intens) + sunder.] To separate; to sunder;
to destroy. [R.]
Chapman.
Dis*sweet"en (?), v. t. To
deprive of sweetness. [R.]
Bp. Richardson.
Dis`syl*lab"ic (?), a. [Cf. F.
dissyllabique. See Dissylable.]
Consisting of two syllab// only; as, a
dissyllabic foot in poetry.
B. Jons///
Dis`syl*lab`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n.
A formi// into two syllables.
Dis`syl*lab"i*fy (?), v. t.
[Dissyllable + -fly.] To
form into two syllables.
Ogilvie.
Dis*syl"la*bize (?), v. t. To
form into two syllables; to dyssyllabify.
Dis*syl"la*ble (?; 277), n. [F.
dissyllabe, L. disyllabus, adj., of two
syllables, fr. Gr. /; / = / twice + / syllable. See
Syllable.] A word of two syllables; as,
pa-per.
Dis`sym*met"ric*al (?), a. Not
having symmetry; asymmetrical; unsymmetrical.
Dis*sym"me*try (?), n. [Pref.
dis- + symmetry.] Absence or
defect of symmetry; asymmetry.
Dis*sym"pa*thy (?), n. Lack of
sympathy; want of interest; indifference. [R.]
Dis"tad (?), adv.
[Distal + L. ad toward.]
(Anat.) Toward a distal part; on the distal side
of; distally.
Dis"taff (?), n.; pl.
Distaffs (#), rarely
Distaves (#). [OE.
distaf, dysestafe, AS. distaef;
cf. LG. diesse the bunch of flax on a distaff, and E.
dizen. See Staff.]
1. The staff for holding a bunch of flax, tow, or
wool, from which the thread is drawn in spinning by hand.
I will the distaff hold; come thou and spin.
Fairfax.
2. Used as a symbol of the holder of a distaff;
hence, a woman; women, collectively.
His crown usurped, a distaff on the throne.
Dryden.
Some say the crozier, some say the distaff was too
busy.
Howell.
Distaves
occurs in Beaumont & Fletcher.
Descent by distaff, descent on the mother's
side. -- Distaff Day, Distaff's
Day, the morrow of the Epiphany, that is,
January 7, because working at the distaff was then resumed, after
the Christmas festival; -- called also Rock
Day, a distaff being called a rock.
Shipley.
Dis*tain" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Distained
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Distaining.] [OE. desteinen,
OF. desteindre to take away the color, F.
d\'82teindre; pref. des- (L.
dis-) + F. teindre to tinge, dye, L.
tingere. See Tinge, and cf.
Stain.] To tinge with a different color from
the natural or proper one; to stain; to discolor; to sully; to
tarnish; to defile; -- used chiefly in poetry.
\'bdDistained with dirt and blood.\'b8
Spenser.
[She] hath . . . distained her honorable blood.
Spenser.
The worthiness of praise distains his worth.
Shak.
Dis"tal (?), a. [From
Distant.] (Physiol.) (a)
Remote from the point of attachment or origin; as, the
distal end of a bone or muscle; -- opposed to
proximal. (b) Pertaining to that which
is distal; as, the distal tuberosities of a
bone.
Dis"tal*ly, adv. (Anat.)
Toward a distal part.
Dis"tance (?), n. [F.
distance, L. distantia.]
1. The space between two objects; the length of a
line, especially the shortest line joining two points or things
that are separate; measure of separation in place.
Every particle attracts every other with a force . . .
inversely proportioned to the square of the
distance.
Sir I. Newton.
2. Remoteness of place; a remote place.
Easily managed from a distance.
W. Irving.
'T is distance lends enchantment to the view.
T. Campbell.
[He] waits at distance till he hears from Cato.
Addison.
<-- p. 434 -->
3. (Racing) A space marked out in the
last part of a race course.
The horse that ran the whole field out of
distance.
L'Estrange.
distance varies with the conditions
of the race, being 80 yards in races of mile heaths, best two in
three, and 150 yards in races of two-mile heats. At that distance
from the winning post in placed the distance post. If
any horse has not reached this distance post before the first
horse in that heat has reached the winning post, such horse is
distanced, and disqualified for cunning again during
that race.
4. (Mil.) Relative space, between troops
in ranks, measured from front to rear; -- contrasted with
interval, which is measured from right to left.
\'bdDistance between companies in close column is
twelve yards.\'b8
Farrow.
5. Space between two antagonists in fencing.
Shak.
6. (Painting) The part of a picture
which contains the representation of those objects which are the
farthest away, esp. in a landscape.
Middle distance is the
central portion between the foreground and the
distance or the extreme distance. In a
perspective drawing, the Point of distance is the
point where the visual rays meet.
7. Ideal disjunction; discrepancy;
contrariety.
Locke.
8. Length or interval of time; period, past or
future, between two eras or events.
Ten years' distance between one and the other.
Prior.
The writings of Euclid at the distance of two
thousand years.
Playfair.
9. The remoteness or reserve which respect
requires; hence, respect; ceremoniousness.
I hope your modesty
Will know what distance to the crown is due.
Dryden.
'T is by respect and distance that authority is
upheld.
Atterbury.
10. A withholding of intimacy; alienation;
coldness; disagreement; variance; restraint; reserve.
Setting them [factions] at distance, or at least
distrust amongst themselves.
Bacon.
On the part of Heaven,
Now alienated, distance and distaste.
Milton.
11. Remoteness in succession or relation; as,
the distance between a descendant and his
ancestor.
12. (Mus.) The interval between two
notes; as, the distance of a fourth or
seventh.
Angular distance, the distance made at the eye
by lines drawn from the eye to two objects. -- Lunar
distance. See under Lunar. -- North
polar distance (Astron.), the distance on
the heavens of a heavenly body from the north pole. It is the
complement of the declination. -- Zenith distance
(Astron.), the arc on the heavens from a heavenly
body to the zenith of the observer. It is the complement of the
altitude. -- To keep one's distance, to stand
aloof; to refrain from familiarity.
If a man makes keep my distance, the comfort is he
keeps his at the same time.
Swift.
Dis"tance (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Distanced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Distancing
(?).]
1. To place at a distance or remotely.
I heard nothing thereof at Oxford, being then miles
distanced thence.
Fuller.
2. To cause to appear as if at a distance; to make
seem remote.
His peculiar art of distancing an object to
aggrandize his space.
H. Miller.
3. To outstrip by as much as a distance (see
Distance, n., 3); to leave far behind; to
surpass greatly.
He distanced the most skillful of his
contemporaries.
Milner.
Dis"tan*cy (?), n.
Distance. [Obs.]
Dr. H. More.
Dis"tant (?), a. [F., fr. L.
distans, -antis, p. pr. of
distare to stand apart, be separate or distant;
dis- + stare to stand. See
Stand.]
1. Separated; having an intervening space; at a
distance; away.
One board had two tenons, equally distant.
Ex. xxxvi. 22.
Diana's temple is not distant far.
Shak.
2. Far separated; far off; not near; remote; -- in
place, time, consanguinity, or connection; as,
distant times; distant relatives.
The success of these distant enterprises.
Prescott.
3. Reserved or repelling in manners; cold; not
cordial; somewhat haughty; as, a distant
manner.
He passed me with a distant bow.
Goldsmith.
4. Indistinct; faint; obscure, as from
distance.
Some distant knowledge.
Shak.
A distant glimpse.
W. Irving.
5. Not conformable; discrepant; repugnant; as,
a practice so widely distant from
Christianity.
Syn. -- Separate; far; remote; aloof; apart; asunder;
slight; faint; indirect; indistinct.
Dis*tan"tial (?), a.
Distant. [Obs.]
More distantial from the eye.
W. Montagu.
Dis"tant*ly (?), adv. At a
distance; remotely; with reserve.
Dis*taste" (?), n. 1.
Aversion of the taste; dislike, as of food or drink;
disrelish.
Bacon.
2. Discomfort; uneasiness.
Prosperity is not without many fears and distastes,
and adversity is not without comforts and hopes.
Bacon.
3. Alienation of affection; displeasure;
anger.
On the part of Heaven,
Now alienated, distance and distaste.
Milton.
Syn. -- Disrelish; disinclination; dislike; aversion;
displeasure; dissatisfaction; disgust.
Dis*taste", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Distasted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Distasting.]
1. Not to have relish or taste for; to disrelish;
to loathe; to dislike.
Although my will distaste what it elected.
Shak.
2. To offend; to disgust; to displease.
[Obs.]
He thought in no policy to distaste the English or
Irish by a course of reformation, but sought to please them.
Sir J. Davies.
3. To deprive of taste or relish; to make unsavory
or distasteful.
Drayton.
Dis*taste" (?), v. i. To be
distasteful; to taste ill or disagreeable.
[Obs.]
Dangerous conceits are, in their natures, poisons,
Which at the are scarce found to distaste.
Shak.
Dis*taste"ful (?), a. 1.
Unpleasant or disgusting to the taste; nauseous;
loathsome.
2. Offensive; displeasing to the feelings;
disagreeable; as, a distasteful truth.
Distasteful answer, and sometimes unfriendly
actions.
Milton.
3. Manifesting distaste or dislike;
repulsive. \'bdDistasteful looks.\'b8
Shak.
Syn. -- Nauseous; unsavory; unpalatable; offensive;
displeasing; dissatisfactory; disgusting.
- Dis*taste"ful*ly, adv. --
Dis*taste"ful*ness, n.
Dis*taste"ive (?), a. Tending
to excite distaste. [Obs.] --
n. That which excites distaste or
aversion. [Obs.]
Whitlock.
Dis*tas"ture (?; 135), n.
Something which excites distaste or disgust.
[Obs.]
Speed.
Dis*tem"per (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Distempered
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Distempering.] [OF.
destemprer, destremper, to distemper, F.
d\'82tremper to soak, soften, slake (lime); pref.
des- (L. dis-) + OF. temprer,
tremper, F. tremper, L.
temperare to mingle in due proportion. See
Temper, and cf. Destemprer.]
1. To temper or mix unduly; to make
disproportionate; to change the due proportions of.
[Obs.]
When . . . the humors in his body ben
distempered.
Chaucer.
2. To derange the functions of, whether bodily,
mental, or spiritual; to disorder; to disease.
Shak.
The imagination, when completely distempered, is
the most incurable of all disordered faculties.
Buckminster.
3. To deprive of temper or moderation; to disturb;
to ruffle; to make disaffected, ill-humored, or malignant.
\'bdDistempered spirits.\'b8
Coleridge.
4. To intoxicate. [R.]
The courtiers reeling,
And the duke himself, I dare not say distempered,
But kind, and in his tottering chair carousing.
Massinger.
5. (Paint.) To mix (colors) in the way
of distemper; as, to distemper colors with
size. [R.]
Dis*tem"per, n. [See Distemper,
v. t., and cf. Destemprer.]
1. An undue or unnatural temper, or
disproportionate mixture of parts.
Bacon.
Humor. According to the old physicians, these
humors, when unduly tempered, produce a disordered state of body
and mind.
2. Severity of climate; extreme weather, whether
hot or cold. [Obs.]
Those countries . . . under the tropic, were of a
distemper uninhabitable.
Sir W. Raleigh.
3. A morbid state of the animal system;
indisposition; malady; disorder; -- at present chiefly applied to
diseases of brutes; as, a distemper in dogs; the
horse distemper; the horn distemper in
cattle.
They heighten distempers to diseases.
Suckling.
4. Morbid temper of the mind; undue predominance of
a passion or appetite; mental derangement; bad temper; ill
humor. [Obs.]
Little faults proceeding on distemper.
Shak.
Some frenzy distemper had got into his head.
Bunyan.
5. Political disorder; tumult.
Waller.
6. (Paint.) (a) A preparation
of opaque or body colors, in which the pigments are tempered or
diluted with weak glue or size (cf. Tempera) instead of
oil, usually for scene painting, or for walls and ceilings of
rooms. (b) A painting done with this
preparation.
Syn. -- Disease; disorder; sickness; illness; malady;
indisposition; ailment. See Disease.
Dis*tem"per*ance (?), n.
Distemperature. [Obs.]
Dis*tem"per*ate (?), a. [LL.
distemperatus, p. p.]
1. Immoderate. [Obs.]
Sir W. Raleigh.
2. Diseased; disordered. [Obs.]
Wodroephe.
Dis*tem"per*ate*ly, adv. Unduly.
[Obs.]
Dis*tem"per*a*ture (?; 135), n.
1. Bad temperature; intemperateness; excess of heat
or cold, or of other qualities; as, the
distemperature of the air.
[Obs.]
2. Disorder; confusion.
Shak.
3. Disorder of body; slight illness;
distemper.
A huge infectious troop
Of pale distemperatures and foes to life.
Shak.
4. Perturbation of mind; mental uneasiness.
Sprinkled a little patience on the heat of his
distemperature.
Sir W. Scott.
Dis*tem"per*ment (?), n.
Distempered state; distemperature. [Obs.]
Feltham.
Dis*tend" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Distended; p.
pr. & vb. n. Distending.] [L.
distendere, distentum,
distensum; dis- + tendere to
stretch, stretch out: cf. F. distendre to distend,
d\'82tendre to unbend. See Tend, and cf.
Detent.]
1. To extend in some one direction; to lengthen
out; to stretch. [R.]
But say, what mean those colored streaks in heaven
Distended as the brow of God appeased?
Milton.
2. To stretch out or extend in all directions; to
dilate; to enlarge, as by elasticity of parts; to inflate so as
to produce tension; to cause to swell; as, to
distend a bladder, the stomach, etc.
The warmth distends the chinks.
Dryden.
Syn. -- To dilate; expand; enlarge; swell; inflate.
Dis*tend", v. i. To become expanded or
inflated; to swell. \'bdHis heart distends with
pride.\'b8
Milton.
Dis*ten`si*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality or capacity of being distensible. [R.]
Dis*ten"si*ble (?), a. Capable
of being distended or dilated.
Dis*ten"sion (?), n. Same as
Distention.
Dis*ten"sive (?), a.
Distending, or capable of being distended.
Dis*tent" (?), a. [L.
distentus, p. p. See Distend.]
Distended. [Poetic]
Thomson.
Dis*tent", n. Breadth.
[Obs.]
Sir H. Wotton.
Dis*ten"tion (?), n. [L.
distentio: cf. F. distension.]
1. The act of distending; the act of stretching in
breadth or in all directions; the state of being Distended;
as, the distention of the lungs.
2. Breadth; extent or space occupied by the thing
distended.
Dis*ter" (?), v. t. [L.
dis- + terra earth, country; cf. Sp. & Pg.
desterrar.] To banish or drive from a
country. [Obs.]
Howell.
Dis*ter"mi*nate (?), a. [L.
disterminatus, p. p. of disterminare to
limit. See Terminate.] Separated by
bounds. [Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
Dis*ter`mi*na"tion (?), n. [L.
disterminatio.] Separation by bounds.
[Obs.]
Hammond.
Dis"thene (?), n. [Gr. / =
/ twice + / force: cf. F. disth\'8ane.]
(Min.) Cyanite or kyanite; -- so called in
allusion to its unequal hardness in two different directions. See
Cyanite.
Dis*throne" (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- + throne: cf. OF.
desthroner, F. d\'82troner.] To
dethrone. [Obs.]
Dis*thron"ize (?), v. t. To
dethrone. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Dis"tich (?), n. [L.
distichon, Gr. /, neut. of / with two rows, of two
verses; / = / twice + / row, verse, fr. / to ascend; akin
to AS. st\'c6gan to ascend: cf. F.
distique. See Stirrup.]
(Pros.) A couple of verses or poetic lines making
complete sense; an epigram of two verses.
{ Dis"tich (?), Dis"tich*ous
(?), } a. [Gr. /. See
Distich, n.] Disposed in two
vertical rows; two-ranked.
Dis"tich*ous*ly, adv. In a distichous
manner.
Dis*til" (?), v. t. & i. See
Distill.
Dis*till" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Distilled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Distilling.] [F. distiller,
from L. destillare, destillatum;
de + stillare to drop, stilla a
drop, prob. fr. stiria frozen drop, icicle; prob. akin
to stare, E. stand. Cf. Still,
n. & v., Instill.] [Written also
distil.]
1. To drop; to fall in drops; to trickle.
Soft showers distilled, and suns grew warm in
vain.
Pope.
2. To flow gently, or in a small stream.
The Euphrates distilleth out of the mountains of
Armenia.
Sir W. Raleigh.
3. To practice the art of distillation.
Shak.
Dis*till", v. t. 1. To let fall
or send down in drops.
Or o'er the glebe distill the kindly rain.
Pope.
The dew which on the tender grass
The evening had distilled.
Drayton.
2. To obtain by distillation; to extract by
distillation, as spirits, essential oil, etc.; to rectify;
as, to distill brandy from wine; to distill
alcoholic spirits from grain; to distill essential oils
from flowers, etc.; to distill fresh water from sea
water. \'bdDistilling odors on me.\'b8
Tennyson.
3. To subject to distillation; as, to
distill molasses in making rum; to distill
barley, rye, corn, etc.
4. To dissolve or melt. [R.]
Swords by the lightning's subtle force
distilled.
Addison.
Dis*till"a*ble (?), a.
(Chem.) Capable of being distilled; especially,
capable of being distilled without chemical change or
decomposition; as, alcohol is distillable; olive oil
is not distillable.
Dis*till"ate (?), n.
(Chem.) The product of distillation; as, the
distillate from molasses.
Dis`til*la"tion (?), n. [F.
distillation, L. destillatio.]
1. The act of falling in drops, or the act of
pouring out in drops.
2. That which falls in drops.
[R.]
Johnson
3. (Chem.) The separation of the
volatile parts of a substance from the more fixed; specifically,
the operation of driving off gas or vapor from volatile liquids
or solids, by heat in a retort or still, and the condensation of
the products as far as possible by a cool receiver, alembic, or
condenser; rectification; vaporization; condensation; as, the
distillation of illuminating gas and coal, of alcohol
from sour mash, or of boric acid in steam.
distillation.
4. The substance extracted by distilling.
Shak.
Destructive distillation (Chem.),
the distillation, especially of complex solid substances, so
that the ultimate constituents are separated or evolved in new
compounds, -- usually requiring a high degree of heat; as, the
destructive distillation of soft coal or of wood.
-- Dry distillation, the distillation of
substances by themselves, or without the addition of water or of
other volatile solvent; as, the dry distillation of
citric acid. -- Fractional distillation.
(Chem.) See under Fractional.
Dis*til"la*to*ry (?), a. [Cf.
F. distillatoire.] Belonging to, or used
in, distilling; as, distillatory vessels.
-- n. A distillatory apparatus; a
still.
Dis*till"er (?), n. 1.
One who distills; esp., one who extracts alcoholic liquors
by distillation.
2. The condenser of a distilling apparatus.
Dis*till"er*y (?), n.; pl.
Distilleries (#). [F.
distillerie.]
1. The building and works where distilling, esp. of
alcoholic liquors, is carried on.
2. The act of distilling spirits.
[R.]
Todd.
Dis*till"ment (?), n.
Distillation; the substance obtained by distillation.
[Obs.]
Shak.
Dis*tinct" (?), a. [L.
distinctus, p. p. of distinguere: cf. F.
distinct. See Distinguish.]
1. Distinguished; having the difference marked;
separated by a visible sign; marked out; specified.
[Obs.]
Wherever thus created -- for no place
Is yet distinct by name.
Milton.
2. Marked; variegated. [Obs.]
The which [place] was dight
With divers flowers distinct with rare delight.
Spenser.
<-- p. 435 -->
3. Separate in place; not conjunct; not united by
growth or otherwise; -- with from.
The intention was that the two armies which marched out
together should afterward be distinct.
Clarendon.
4. Not identical; different; individual.
To offend, and judge, are distinct offices.
Shak.
5. So separated as not to be confounded with any
other thing; not liable to be misunderstood; not confused;
well-defined; clear; as, we have a distinct or
indistinct view of a prospect.
Relation more particular and distinct.
Milton.
Syn. -- Separate; unconnected; disjoined; different; clear;
plain; conspicuous; obvious.
Dis*tinct" (?), v. t. To
distinguish. [Obs.]
Rom. of R.
Dis*tinc"tion (?), n. [L.
distinctio: cf. F. distinction.]
1. A marking off by visible signs; separation into
parts; division. [Obs.]
The distinction of tragedy into acts was not
known.
Dryden.
2. The act of distinguishing or denoting the
differences between objects, or the qualities by which one is
known from others; exercise of discernment; discrimination.
To take away therefore that error, which confusion breedeth,
distinction is requisite.
Hooker.
3. That which distinguishes one thing from another;
distinguishing quality; sharply defined difference; as, the
distinction between real and apparent good.
The distinction betwixt the animal kingdom and the
inferior parts of matter.
Locke.
4. Estimation of difference; regard to differences
or distinguishing circumstance.
Maids, women, wives, without distinction, fall.
Dryden.
5. Conspicuous station; eminence; superiority;
honorable estimation; as, a man of
distinction.
Your country's own means of distinction and
defense.
D. Webster.
Syn. -- Difference; variation, variety; contrast; diversity;
contrariety; disagreement; discrimination; preference;
superiority; rank; note; eminence.
Dis*tinc"tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
distinctif.]
1. Marking or expressing distinction or difference;
distinguishing; characteristic; peculiar.
The distinctive character and institutions of New
England.
Bancroft.
2. Having the power to distinguish and discern;
discriminating. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Dis*tinc"tive*ly, adv. With distinction;
plainly.
Dis*tinc"tive*ness, n. State of being
distinctive.
Dis*tinct"ly (?), adv. 1.
With distinctness; not confusedly; without the blending of
one part or thing another; clearly; plainly; as, to see
distinctly.
2. With meaning; significantly.
[Obs.]
Thou dost snore distinctly;
There's meaning in thy snores.
Shak.
Syn. -- Separately; clearly; plainly; obviously.
Dis*tinct"ness, n. 1. The
quality or state of being distinct; a separation or difference
that prevents confusion of parts or things.
The soul's . . . distinctness from the body.
Cudworth.
2. Nice discrimination; hence, clearness;
precision; as, he stated his arguments with great
distinctness.
Syn. -- Plainness; clearness; precision; perspicuity.
Dis*tinc"ture (?), n.
Distinctness. [R.]
Dis*tin"guish (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Distinguished
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Distinguishing.] [F.
distinguer, L. distinguere,
distinctum; di- = dis- +
stinguere to quench, extinguish; prob. orig., to
prick, and so akin to G. stechen, E. stick,
and perh. sting. Cf. Extinguish.]
1. Not set apart from others by visible marks; to
make distinctive or discernible by exhibiting differences; to
mark off by some characteristic.
Not more distinguished by her purple vest,
Than by the charming features of her face.
Dryden.
Milton has distinguished the sweetbrier and the
eglantine.
Nares.
2. To separate by definition of terms or logical
division of a subject with regard to difference; as, to
distinguish sounds into high and low.
Moses distinguished the causes of the flood into
those that belong to the heavens, and those that belong to the
earth.
T. Burnet.
3. To recognize or discern by marks, signs, or
characteristic quality or qualities; to know and discriminate
(anything) from other things with which it might be confounded;
as, to distinguish the sound of a drum.
We are enabled to distinguish good from evil, as
well as truth from falsehood.
Watts.
Nor more can you distinguish of a man,
Than of his outward show.
Shak.
4. To constitute a difference; to make to
differ.
Who distinguisheth thee?
1 Cor. iv. 7. (Douay version).
5. To separate from others by a mark of honor; to
make eminent or known; to confer distinction upon; -- with
by or for.\'bdTo
distinguish themselves by means never tried
before.\'b8
Johnson.
Syn. -- To mark; discriminate; differentiate; characterize;
discern; perceive; signalize; honor; glorify.
Dis*tin"guish, v. i. 1. To make
distinctions; to perceive the difference; to exercise
discrimination; -- with between; as, a judge
distinguishes between cases apparently similar, but
differing in principle.
2. To become distinguished or distinctive; to make
one's self or itself discernible. [R.]
The little embryo . . . first distinguishes into a
little knot.
Jer. Taylor.
Dis*tin"guish*a*ble (?), a.
1. Capable of being distinguished; separable;
divisible; discernible; capable of recognition; as, a tree at
a distance is distinguishable from a shrub.
A simple idea being in itself uncompounded . . . is not
distinguishable into different ideas.
Locke.
2. Worthy of note or special regard.
Swift.
Dis*tin"guish*a*ble*ness (?), n.
The quality of being distinguishable.
Dis*tin"guish*a*bly, adv. So as to be
distinguished.
Dis*tin"guished (?), a. 1.
Marked; special.
The most distinguished politeness.
Mad. D' Arblay.
2. Separated from others by distinct difference;
having, or indicating, superiority; eminent or known;
illustrious; -- applied to persons and deeds.
Syn. -- Marked; noted; famous; conspicuous; celebrated;
transcendent; eminent; illustrious; extraordinary; prominent. --
Distinguished, Eminent, Conspicuous,
Celebrated, Illustrious. A man is
eminent, when he stands high as compared with those
around him; conspicuous, when he is so elevated as to
be seen and observed; distinguished, when he has
something which makes him stand apart from others in the public
view; celebrated, when he is widely spoken of with
honor and respect; illustrious, when a splendor is
thrown around him which confers the highest dignity.
Dis*tin"guish*ed*ly (?), adv.
In a distinguished manner. [R.]
Swift.
Dis*tin"guish*er (?), n. 1.
One who, or that which, distinguishes or separates one thing
from another by marks of diversity.
Sir T. Browne.
2. One who discerns accurately the difference of
things; a nice or judicious observer.
Dryden.
Dis*tin"guish*ing, a. Constituting
difference, or distinction from everything else; distinctive;
peculiar; characteristic.
The distinguishing doctrines of our holy
religion.
Locke.
Distinguishing pennant (Naut.), a
special pennant by which any particular vessel in a fleet is
recognized and signaled.
Simmonds.
Dis*tin"guish*ing*ly, adv. With
distinction; with some mark of preference.
Pope.
Dis*tin"guish*ment (?), n.
Observation of difference; distinction.
Graunt.
Dis*ti"tle (?), v. t. To
deprive of title or right. [R.]
B. Jonson.
\'d8Dis"to*ma (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. / = / twice + / mouth.] (Zo\'94l.)
A genus of parasitic, trematode worms, having two suckers
for attaching themselves to the part they infest. See 1st
Fluke, 2.
Dis*tort" (?), a. [L.
distortus, p. p. of distorquere to twist,
distort; dis- + torquere to twist. See
Torsion.] Distorted; misshapen.
[Obs.]
Her face was ugly and her mouth distort.
Spenser.
Dis*tort", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Distorted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Distorting.]
1. To twist of natural or regular shape; to twist
aside physically; as, to distort the limbs, or the
body.
Whose face was distorted with pain.
Thackeray.
2. To force or put out of the true posture or
direction; to twist aside mentally or morally.
Wrath and malice, envy and revenge, do darken and
distort the understandings of men.
Tillotson.
3. To wrest from the true meaning; to pervert;
as, to distort passages of Scripture, or their
meaning.
Syn. -- To twist; wrest; deform; pervert.
Dis*tort"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, distorts.
Dis*tor"tion (?), n. [L.
distortio: cf. F. distortion.]
1. The act of distorting, or twisting out of
natural or regular shape; a twisting or writhing motion; as,
the distortions of the face or body.
2. A wresting from the true meaning.
Bp. Wren.
3. The state of being distorted, or twisted out of
shape or out of true position; crookedness; perversion.
4. (Med.) An unnatural deviation of
shape or position of any part of the body producing visible
deformity.
Dis*tort"ive (?), a. Causing
distortion.
Dis*tract" (?), a. [L.
distractus, p. p. of distrahere to draw
asunder; dis- + trahere to draw. See
Trace, and cf. Distraught.]
1. Separated; drawn asunder.
[Obs.]
2. Insane; mad. [Obs.]
Drayton.
Dis*tract", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Distracted, old p. p.
Distraught; p. pr. & vb. n.
Distracting.]
1. To draw apart or away; to divide; to
disjoin.
A city . . . distracted from itself.
Fuller.
2. To draw (the sight, mind, or attention) in
different directions; to perplex; to confuse; as, to
distract the eye; to distract the
attention.
Mixed metaphors . . . distract the imagination.
Goldsmith.
3. To agitate by conflicting passions, or by a
variety of motives or of cares; to confound; to harass.
Horror and doubt distract
His troubled thoughts.
Milton.
4. To unsettle the reason of; to render insane; to
craze; to madden; -- most frequently used in the participle,
distracted.
A poor mad soul; . . . poverty hath distracted
her.
Shak.
Dis*tract"ed, a. Mentally disordered;
unsettled; mad.
My distracted mind.
Pope.
Dis*tract"ed*ly, adv. Disjointedly;
madly.
Shak.
Dis*tract"ed*ness, n. A state of being
distracted; distraction.
Bp. Hall.
Dis*tract"er (?), n. One who,
or that which, distracts away.
Dis*tract"ful (?), a.
Distracting. [R.]
Heywood.
Dis*tract"i*ble (?), a. Capable
of being drawn aside or distracted.
Dis*tract"ile (?), a.
(Bot.) Tending or serving to draw apart.
Dis*tract"ing, a. Tending or serving to
distract.
Dis*trac"tion (?), n. [L.
distractio: cf. F. distraction.]
1. The act of distracting; a drawing apart;
separation.
To create distractions among us.
Bp. Burnet.
2. That which diverts attention; a diversion.
\'bdDomestic distractions.\'b8
G. Eliot.
3. A diversity of direction; detachment.
[Obs.]
His power went out in such distractions as
Beguiled all species.
Shak.
4. State in which the attention is called in
different ways; confusion; perplexity.
That ye may attend upon the Lord without
distraction.
1 Cor. vii. 3/.
5. Confusion of affairs; tumult; disorder; as,
political distractions.
Never was known a night of such distraction.
Dryden.
6. Agitation from violent emotions; perturbation of
mind; despair.
The distraction of the children, who saw both their
parents together, would have melted the hardest heart.
Tatler.
7. Derangement of the mind; madness.
Atterbury.
Syn. -- Perplexity; confusion; disturbance; disorder;
dissension; tumult; derangement; madness; raving; franticness;
furiousness.
Dis*trac"tious (?), a.
Distractive. [Obs.]
Dis*trac"tive (?), a. Causing
perplexity; distracting. \'bdDistractive
thoughts.\'b8
Bp. Hall.
Dis*train" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Distrained
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Distraining.] [OE.
destreinen to force, OF. destreindre to
press, oppress, force, fr. L. distringere,
districtum, to draw asunder, hinder, molest, LL., to
punish severely; di- = stringere to draw
tight, press together. See Strain, and cf.
Distress, District, Distraint.]
1. To press heavily upon; to bear down upon with
violence; hence, to constrain or compel; to bind; to distress,
torment, or afflict. [Obs.]
\'bdDistrained with chains.\'b8
Chaucer.
2. To rend; to tear. [Obs.]
Neither guile nor force might it [a net]
distrain.
Spenser.
3. (Law) (a) To seize, as a
pledge or indemnification; to take possession of as security for
nonpayment of rent, the reparation of an injury done, etc.; to
take by distress; as, to distrain goods for rent, or
of an amercement. (b) To subject to
distress; to coerce; as, to distrain a person by his
goods and chattels.
Dis*train", v. i. To levy a
distress.
Upon whom I can distrain for debt.
Camden.
Dis*train"a*ble (?), a. Capable
of being, or liable to be, distrained.
Blackstone.
Dis*train"er (?), n. Same as
Distrainor.
Dis*train"or (?), n.
(Law) One who distrains; the party distraining
goods or chattels.
Blackstone.
Dis*traint" (?), n. [OF.
destrainte distress, force.] (Law)
The act or proceeding of seizing personal property by
distress.
Abbott.
\'d8Dis`trait" (?), a. [F. See
Distract.] Absent-minded; lost in thought;
abstracted.
Dis*traught" (?), p. p. & a.
[OE. distract, distrauht. See
Distract, a.]
1. Torn asunder; separated.
[Obs.] \'bdHis greedy throat . . .
distraught.\'b8
Spenser.
2. Distracted; perplexed.
\'bdDistraught twixt fear and pity.\'b8
Spenser.
As if thou wert distraught and mad with terror.
Shak.
To doubt betwixt our senses and our souls
Which are the most distraught and full of pain.
Mrs. Browning.
Dis*traught"ed, a. Distracted.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
Dis*tream" (?), v. i. [Pref.
dis- (intens.) + stream.] To
flow. [Poetic]
Yet o'er that virtuous blush distreams a tear.
Shenstone.
Dis*tress" (?), n. [OE.
destresse, distresse, OF.
destresse, destrece, F.
d\'82tresse, OF. destrecier to distress,
(assumed) LL. districtiare, fr. L.
districtus, p. p. of distringere. See
Distrain, and cf. Stress.]
1. Extreme pain or suffering; anguish of body or
mind; as, to suffer distress from the gout, or from
the loss of friends.
Not fearing death nor shrinking for distress.
Shak.
2. That which occasions suffering; painful
situation; misfortune; affliction; misery.
Affliction's sons are brothers in distress.
Burns.
3. A state of danger or necessity; as, a ship
in distress, from leaking, loss of spars, want of
provisions or water, etc.
4. (Law) (a) The act of
distraining; the taking of a personal chattel out of the
possession of a wrongdoer, by way of pledge for redress of an
injury, or for the performance of a duty, as for nonpayment of
rent or taxes, or for injury done by cattle, etc.
(b) The thing taken by distraining; that which is
seized to procure satisfaction.
Bouvier. Kent. Burrill.
If he were not paid, he would straight go and take a
distress of goods and cattle.
Spenser.
The distress thus taken must be proportioned to the
thing distrained for.
Blackstone.
Abuse of distress. (Law) See under
Abuse.
Syn. -- Affliction; suffering; pain; agony; misery; torment;
anguish; grief; sorrow; calamity; misfortune; trouble; adversity.
See Affliction.
Dis*tress", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Distressed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Distressing.] [Cf. OF.
destrecier. See Distress,
n.]
1. To cause pain or anguish to; to pain; to oppress
with calamity; to afflict; to harass; to make miserable.
We are troubled on every side, yet not
distressed.
2 Cor. iv. 8.
2. To compel by pain or suffering.
Men who can neither be distressed nor won into a
sacrifice of duty.
A. Hamilton.
3. (Law) To seize for debt; to
distrain.
Syn. -- To pain; grieve; harass; trouble; perplex; afflict;
worry; annoy.
Dis*tress"ed*ness, n. A state of being
distressed or greatly pained.
Dis*tress"ful (?), a. Full of
distress; causing, indicating, or attended with, distress;
as, a distressful situation. \'bdSome
distressful stroke.\'b8 Shak.
\'bdDistressful cries.\'b8 Pope. --
Dis*tress"ful*ly, adv.
<-- p. 436 -->
Dis*tress"ing (?), a. Causing
distress; painful; unpleasant.
Dis*tress"ing, adv. In a distressing
manner.
Dis*trib"u*ta*ble (?), a.
Capable of being distributed.
Sir W. Jones.
Dis*trib"u*ta*ry (?), a.
Tending to distribute or be distributed; that distributes;
distributive.
Dis*trib"ute (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Distributed; p.
pr. & vb. n. Distributing.] [L.
distributus, p. p. of distribuere to
divide, distribute; dis- + tribuere to
assign, give, allot. See Tribute.]
1. To divide among several or many; to deal out; to
apportion; to allot.
She did distribute her goods to all them that were
nearest of kindred.
Judith xvi. 24.
2. To dispense; to administer; as, to
distribute justice.
Shak.
3. To divide or separate, as into classes, orders,
kinds, or species; to classify; to assort, as specimens, letters,
etc.
4. (Printing) (a) To separate
(type which has been used) and return it to the proper boxes in
the cases. (b) To spread (ink) evenly, as
upon a roller or a table.
5. (Logic) To employ (a term) in its
whole extent; to take as universal in one premise.
A term is said to be distributed when it is taken
universal, so as to stand for everything it is capable of being
applied to.
Whately.
Syn. -- To dispense; deal out; apportion; allot; share;
assign; divide.
Dis*trib"ute, v. i. To make
distribution.
Distributing to the necessity of saints.
Rom. xii. 13.
Dis*trib"u*ter (?), n. One who,
or that which, distributes or deals out anything; a
dispenser.
Addison.
Dis*trib"u*ting, a. That distributes;
dealing out.
Distributing past office, an office where the
mails for a large district are collected to be assorted according
to their destination and forwarded.
Dis`tri*bu"tion (?), n. [L.
distributio: cf. F. distribution.]
1. The act of distributing or dispensing; the act
of dividing or apportioning among several or many; apportionment;
as, the distribution of an estate among heirs or
children.
The phenomena of geological distribution are
exactly analogous to those of geography.
A. R. Wallace.
2. Separation into parts or classes; arrangement of
anything into parts; disposition; classification.
3. That which is distributed. \'bdOur
charitable distributions.\'b8
Atterbury.
4. (Logic) A resolving a whole into its
parts.
5. (Print.) The sorting of types and
placing them in their proper boxes in the cases.
6. (Steam Engine) The steps or
operations by which steam is supplied to and withdrawn from the
cylinder at each stroke of the piston; viz., admission,
suppression or cutting off, release or exhaust, and compression
of exhaust steam prior to the next admission.
Geographical distribution, the natural
arrangements of animals and plants in particular regions or
districts.
Syn. -- Apportionments; allotment; dispensation; disposal;
dispersion; classification; arrangement.
Dis`tri*bu"tion*al (?), a. Of
or pertaining to distribution.
Huxley.
Dis`tri*bu"tion*ist, n. A
distributer. [R.]
Dickens.
Dis*trib"u*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
distributif.]
1. Tending to distribute; serving to divide and
assign in portions; dealing to each his proper share.
\'bdDistributive justice.\'b8
Swift.
2. (Logic) Assigning the species of a
general term.
3. (Gram.) Expressing separation;
denoting a taking singly, not collectively; as, a
distributive adjective or pronoun, such as
each, either, every; a
distributive numeral, as (Latin) bini
(two by two).
Distributive operation (Math.), any
operation which either consists of two or more parts, or works
upon two or more things, and which is such that the result of the
total operation is the same as the aggregated result of the two
or more partial operations. Ordinary multiplication is
distributive, since a , and (a + b) . -- Distributive proportion.
(Math.) See Fellowship.
Dis*trib"u*tive, n. (Gram.) A
distributive adjective or pronoun; also, a distributive
numeral.
Dis*trib"u*tive*ly, adv. By
distribution; singly; not collectively; in a distributive
manner.
Dis*trib"u*tive*ness, n. Quality of
being distributive.
Dis"trict (?), a. [L.
districtus, p. p.] Rigorous; stringent;
harsh. [Obs.]
Punishing with the rod of district severity.
Foxe.
Dis"trict, n. [LL. districtus
district, fr. L. districtus, p. p. of
distringere: cf. F. district. See
Distrain.]
1. (Feudal Law) The territory within
which the lord has the power of coercing and punishing.
2. A division of territory; a defined portion of a
state, town, or city, etc., made for administrative, electoral,
or other purposes; as, a congressional district,
judicial district, land district, school
district, etc.
To exercise exclusive legislation . . . over such
district not exceeding ten miles square.
The Constitution of the United States.
3. Any portion of territory of undefined extent; a
region; a country; a tract.
These districts which between the tropics lie.
Blackstone.
Congressional district. See under
Congressional. -- District attorney,
the prosecuting officer of a district or district court.
-- District court, a subordinate municipal, state,
or United States tribunal, having jurisdiction in certain cases
within a judicial district. -- District judge,
one who presides over a district court. -- District
school, a public school for the children within a
school district. [U.S.]
Syn. -- Division; circuit; quarter; province; tract; region;
country.
Dis"trict, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Districted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Districting.] To divide into districts
or limited portions of territory; as, legislatures
district States for the choice of
representatives.
Dis*tric"tion (?), n. [L.
districtio a stretching out.] Sudden
display; flash; glitter. [R.]
A smile . . . breaks out with the brightest
distriction.
Collier.
Dis"trict*ly (?), adv.
Strictly. [Obs.]
Foxe.
\'d8Dis*trin"gas (?), n. [L.,
that you distrain, fr. distringere. See
Distrain.] (Law) A writ commanding
the sheriff to distrain a person by his goods or chattels, to
compel a compliance with something required of him.
Dis*trou"ble (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- (intens.) + trouble.] To
trouble. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Dis*trust" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Distrusted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Distrusting.] [Cf.
Mistrust.] To feel absence of trust in; not
to confide in or rely upon; to deem of questionable sufficiency
or reality; to doubt; to be suspicious of; to mistrust.
Not distrusting my health.
2 Mac. ix. 22.
To distrust the justice of your cause.
Dryden.
He that requireth the oath doth distrust that
other.
Udall.
Of all afraid,
Distrusting all, a wise, suspicious maid.
Collins.
Mistrust has been almost wholly driven
out by distrust.
T. L. K. Oliphant.
Dis*trust", n. 1. Doubt of
sufficiency, reality, or sincerity; want of confidence, faith, or
reliance; as, distrust of one's power, authority,
will, purposes, schemes, etc.
2. Suspicion of evil designs.
Alienation and distrust . . . are the growth of
false principles.
D. Webster.
3. State of being suspected; loss of trust.
Milton.
Dis*trust"er (?), n. One who
distrusts.
Dis*trust"ful (?), a. 1.
Not confident; diffident; wanting confidence or thrust;
modest; as, distrustful of ourselves, of one's
powers.
Distrustful sense with modest caution speaks.
Pope.
2. Apt to distrust; suspicious; mistrustful.
Boyle.
-- Dis*trust"ful*ly, adv. --
Dis*trust"ful*ness, n.
Dis*trust"ing, a. That distrusts;
suspicious; lacking confidence in. --
Dis*trust"ing*ly, adv.
Dis*trust"less, a. Free from
distrust.
Shenstone.
Dis*tune" (?), v. t. To put out
of tune. [Obs.]
Dis*turb" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disturbed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disturbing.] [OE. desturben,
destourben, OF. destorber,
desturber, destourber, fr. L.
disturbare, disturbatum; dis- +
turbare to disturb, trouble, turba
disorder, tumult, crowd. See Turbid.]
1. To throw into disorder or confusion; to derange;
to interrupt the settled state of; to excite from a state of
rest.
Preparing to disturb
With all-cofounding war the realms above.
Cowper.
The bellow's noise disturbed his quiet rest.
Spenser.
The utmost which the discontented colonies could do, was to
disturb authority.
Burke.
2. To agitate the mind of; to deprive of
tranquillity; to disquiet; to render uneasy; as, a person is
disturbed by receiving an insult, or his mind is
disturbed by envy.
3. To turn from a regular or designed course.
[Obs.]
And disturb
His inmost counsels from their destined aim.
Milton.
Syn. -- To disorder; disquiet; agitate; discompose; molest;
perplex; trouble; incommode; ruffle.
Dis*turb", n. Disturbance.
[Obs.]
Milton.
Dis*turb"ance (?), n. [OF.
destorbance.]
1. An interruption of a state of peace or quiet;
derangement of the regular course of things; disquiet; disorder;
as, a disturbance of religious exercises; a
disturbance of the galvanic current.
2. Confusion of the mind; agitation of the
feelings; perplexity; uneasiness.
Any man . . . in a state of disturbance and
irritation.
Burke.
3. Violent agitation in the body politic; public
commotion; tumult.
The disturbance was made to support a general
accusation against the province.
Bancroft.
4. (Law) The hindering or disquieting of
a person in the lawful and peaceable enjoyment of his right; the
interruption of a right; as, the disturbance of a
franchise, of common, of ways, and the like.
Blackstone.
Syn. -- Tumult; brawl; commotion; turmoil; uproar; hubbub;
disorder; derangement; confusion; agitation; perturbation;
annoyance.
Dis`tur*ba"tion (?), n. [L.
disturbatio.] Act of disturbing;
disturbance. [Obs.]
Daniel.
Dis*turb"er (?), n. [Cf. OF.
destorbeor.]
1. One who, or that which, disturbs of disquiets; a
violator of peace; a troubler.
A needless disturber of the peace of God's church
and an author of dissension.
Hooker.
2. (Law) One who interrupts or
incommodes another in the peaceable enjoyment of his right.
Dis*turn" (?), v. t. [OF.
destourner, F. d\'82tourner. See
Detour.] To turn aside.
[Obs.]
Daniel.
Dis"tyle (?), a. [Gr. / =
/ twice + / pillar: cf. F. distyle.]
(Arch.) Having two columns in front; -- said of a
temple, portico, or the like.
Distyle in antis, having columns between two
ant\'91. See Anta.
Di*sul"phate (?), n. [Pref.
di- + sulphate.] (Chem.)
(a) A salt of disulphuric or pyrosulphuric acid; a
pyrosulphate. (b) An acid salt of sulphuric
acid, having only one equivalent of base to two of the
acid.
Di*sul"phide (?; 104), n.
[Pref. di- + sulphide.]
(Chem.) A binary compound of sulphur containing
two atoms of sulphur in each molecule; -- formerly called
disulphuret. Cf. Bisulphide.
Di*sul"phu*ret (?), n. [Pref.
di- + sulphuret.] (Chem.)
See Disulphide.
Di`sul*phu"ric (?), a. [Pref.
di- + sulphuric.] (Chem.)
Applied to an acid having in each molecule two atoms of
sulphur in the higher state of oxidation.
Disulphuric acid, a thick oily liquid,
H2S2O7, called also Nordhausen
acid (from Nordhausen in the Harts, where it
was originally manufactured), fuming sulphuric
acid, and especially pyrosulphuric
acid. See under Pyrosulphuric.
Dis*u"ni*form (?), a. Not
uniform. [Obs.]
Dis*un"ion (?), n. [Pref.
dis- + union: cf. F.
d\'82sunion.]
1. The termination of union; separation;
disjunction; as, the disunion of the body and the
soul.
2. A breach of concord and its effect;
alienation.
Such a disunion between the two houses as might
much clou/ the happiness of this kingdom.
Clarendon.
3. The termination or disruption of the union of
the States forming the United States.
I have not accustomed myself to hang over the precipice of
disunion.
D. Webster.
Dis*un"ion*ist, n. An advocate of
disunion, specifically, of disunion of the United States.
Dis`u*nite" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Disunited; p.
pr. & vb. n. Disuniting.]
1. To destroy the union of; to divide; to part; to
sever; to disjoin; to sunder; to separate; as, to
disunite particles of matter.
2. To alienate in spirit; to break the concord
of.
Go on both in hand, O nations, never be disunited,
be the praise . . . of all posterity!
Milton.
Dis`u*nite", v. i. To part; to fall
asunder; to become separated.
The joints of the body politic do separate and
disunite.
South.
Dis`u*nit"er (?), n. One who,
or that which, disjoins or causes disunion.
Dis*u"ni*ty (?), n. A state of
separation or disunion; want of unity.
Dr. H. More.
Dis*us"age (?), n. Gradual
cessation of use or custom; neglect of use; disuse.
[R.]
Hooker.
Dis*use" (?; see Dis-), v.
t. [imp. & p. p. Disused
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Disusing.]
1. To cease to use; to discontinue the practice
of.
2. To disaccustom; -- with to or
from; as, disused to toil.
\'bdDisuse me from . . . pain.\'b8
Donne.
Dis*use" (?), n. Cessation of
use, practice, or exercise; inusitation; desuetude; as, the
limbs lose their strength by disuse.
The disuse of the tongue in the only . . .
remedy.
Addison.
Church discipline then fell into disuse.
Southey.
Dis*u"til*ize (?), v. t. To
deprive of utility; to render useless. [R.]
Mrs. Browning.
Dis*val`u*a"tion (?), n.
Disesteem; depreciation; disrepute.
Bacon.
Dis*val"ue (?; see Dis-), v.
t. To undervalue; to depreciate.
Shak.
Dis*val"ue, n. Disesteem;
disregard.
B. Jonson.
Dis`van*ta"geous (?), a. [Pref.
dis- + vantage.]
Disadvantageous. [Obs.]
\'bdDisadvantageous ground.\'b8
Drayton.
Dis*vel"op (?), v. t. To
develop. [Obs.]
Dis*ven"ture (?; 135), n. A
disadventure. [Obs.]
Shelton.
Dis*vouch" (?), v. t. To
discredit; to contradict. [Obs.]
Shak.
Dis*warn" (?), v. t. [Pref.
dis- (intens.) + warn.] To
dissuade from by previous warning. [Obs.]
Dis*wit"ted (?), a. Deprived of
wits or understanding; distracted. [Obs.]
Drayton.
Dis*wont" (?), v. t. To deprive
of wonted usage; to disaccustom. [R.]
Bp. Hall.
Dis*work"man*ship (?), n. Bad
workmanship. [Obs.]
Heywood.
Dis*wor"ship (?), v. t. To
refuse to worship; to treat as unworthy.
[Obs.]
Sir T. More.
Dis*wor"ship, n. A deprivation of honor;
a cause of disgrace; a discredit. [Obs.]
Milton.
Dis*worth" (?), v. t. To
deprive of worth; to degrade. [Obs.]
Feltham.
Dis*yoke" (?), v. t. To unyoke;
to free from a yoke; to disjoin. [Poetic]
R. Browning.
Dit (?), n.
[Ditty.]
1. A word; a decree. [Obs.]
2. A ditty; a song. [Obs.]
Dit, v. t. [AS. dyttan, akin
to Icel. ditta.] To close up.
[Obs.]
Dr. H. More.
Di*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
ditare to enrich, fr. dis,
ditis, same as dives, rich.] The
act of making rich; enrichment. [Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
Ditch (?; 224), n.; pl.
Ditches (#). [OE. dich,
orig. the same word as dik. See Dike.]
1. A trench made in the earth by digging,
particularly a trench for draining wet land, for guarding or
fencing inclosures, or for preventing an approach to a town or
fortress. In the latter sense, it is called also a
moat or a fosse.
2. Any long, narrow receptacle for water on the
surface of the earth.
Ditch, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Ditched (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Ditching.]
1. To dig a ditch or ditches in; to drain by a
ditch or ditches; as, to ditch moist
land.
2. To surround with a ditch.
Shak.
3. To throw into a ditch; as, the engine was
ditched and turned on its side.
Ditch, v. i. To dig a ditch or
ditches.
Swift.
Ditch"er (?), n. One who digs
ditches.
Dite (?), v. t. [See
Dight.] To prepare for action or use; to make
ready; to dight. [Obs.]
His hideous club aloft he dites.
Spenser.
Di*ter"e*bene (?), n. [Pref.
di- + terebene.] (Chem.)
See Colophene.
{ Di*the"cal (?), Di*the"cous
(?), } a. [Pref. di- +
theca.] (Bot.) Having two
thec\'91, cells, or compartments.
Di"the*ism (?), n. [Pref.
di- + theism: cf. F.
dith\'82isme.] The doctrine of those who
maintain the existence of two gods or of two original principles
(as in Manicheism), one good and one evil; dualism.
Di"the*ist, n. One who holds the
doctrine of ditheism; a dualist.
Cudworth.
{ Di`the*is"tic (?),
Di`the*is"tic*al (?), } a.
Pertaining to ditheism; dualistic.
<-- p. 437 -->
Di`thi*on"ic (?), a. [Pref.
di- + -thionic.] (Chem.)
Containing two equivalents of sulphur; as,
dithionic acid.
Dithionic acid (Chem.), an unstable
substance, H2S2O6, known only in its solutions,
and in certain well-defined salts.
Dith"y*ramb (?), n. [L.
dithyrambus, Gr. / a kind of lyric poetry in honor
of Bacchus; also, a name of Bacchus; of unknown origin: cf. F.
dithyrambe.] A kind of lyric poetry in
honor of Bacchus, usually sung by a band of revelers to a flute
accompaniment; hence, in general, a poem written in a wild
irregular strain.
Bentley.
Dith`y*ram"bic (?), a. [L.
dithyrambicus, Gr. /: cf. F.
dithyrambique.] Pertaining to, or
resembling, a dithyramb; wild and boisterous.
\'bdDithyrambic sallies.\'b8 Longfellow. --
n. A dithyrambic poem; a
dithyramb.
Dith`y*ram"bus (?), n.
[L.] See Dithyramb.
Di"tion (?), n. [L.
ditio, dicio: cf. F.
dition.] Dominion; rule.
[Obs.]
Evelyn.
Di"tion*a*ry (?), a. Under
rule; subject; tributary. [Obs.]
Chapman.
Di"tion*a*ry, n. A subject; a
tributary. [Obs.]
Eden.
Di"to*kous (?), a. [Gr. / =
/ twice + / a bringing forth, offspring.]
(Zo\'94l.) (a) Having two kinds of
young, as certain annelids. (b) Producing
only two eggs for a clutch, as certain birds do.
Di*tol"yl (?), n. [Pref.
di- + tolyl.] (Chem.)
A white, crystalline, aromatic hydrocarbon,
C14H14, consisting of two radicals or residues
of toluene.
Di"tone` (?), n. [Gr. / of
two tones; / = / twice + / tone.] (Mus.)
The Greek major third, which comprehend two major tones (the
modern major third contains one major and one minor whole
tone).
Di`tri*chot"o*mous (?), a.
[Pref. di- + trichotomous.]
1. Divided into twos or threes.
2. (Bot.) Dividing into double or treble
ramifications; -- said of a leaf or stem. [R.]
Loudon.
Di`tro*che"an (?), a.
(Pros.) Containing two trochees.
Di*tro"chee (?), n. [L.
ditrochaeus, Gr. /; / = / twice + /
trochee.] (Pros.) A double trochee; a foot
made up of two trochees.
Dit"ro*ite (?), n. [Named from
Ditro in Transylvania.] (Min.)
An igneous rock composed of orthoclase, el\'91olite, and
sodalite.
Ditt (?), n. See Dit,
n., 2. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Dit*tan"der (?), n. [See
Dittany.] (Bot.) A kind of
peppergrass (Lepidium latifolium).
Dit"ta*ny (?), n. [OE.
dytane, detane, dytan, OF.
ditain, F. dictame, L.
dictamnum, fr. Gr. / , /, a plant growing in
abundance on Mount Dicte in Crete. Cf.
Dittander.] (Bot.) (a) A
plant of the Mint family (Origanum Dictamnus), a
native of Crete. (b) The Dictamnus
Fraxinella. See Dictamnus. (c)
In America, the Cunila Mariana, a fragrant herb
of the Mint family.
Dit"tied (?), a. [From
Ditty.] Set, sung, or composed as a ditty; --
usually in composition.
Who, with his soft pipe, and smooth-dittied
song.
Milton.
Dit"to (?), n.; pl.
Dittos (/). [It.,
detto, ditto, fr. L. dictum. See
Dictum.] The aforesaid thing; the same (as
before). Often contracted to do., or to two \'bdturned
commas\'b8 (\'bd), or small marks. Used in bills, books of
account, tables of names, etc., to save repetition.
A spacious table in the center, and a variety of smaller
dittos in the corners.
Dickens.
Dit"to, adv. As before, or aforesaid; in
the same manner; also.
Dit*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. /.
Attic form of / repetition of words: / twofold + / to
speak.] A double reading, or twofold interpretation,
as of a Scripture text. [R.]
Dit"ty (?), n.; pl.
Ditties (#). [OE. dite,
OF. diti\'82, fr. L. dictatum, p. p. neut.
of dictare to say often, dictate, compose. See
Dictate, v. t.]
1. A saying or utterance; especially, one that is
short and frequently repeated; a theme.
O, too high ditty for my simple rhyme.
Spenser.
2. A song; a lay; a little poem intended to be
sung. \'bdReligious, martial, or civil
ditties.\'b8
Milton.<
And to the warbling lute soft ditties sing.
Sandys.
Dit"ty, v. i. To sing; to warble a
little tune.
Beasts fain would sing; birds ditty to their
notes.
Herbert.
Dit"ty-bag`, n. A sailor's small bag to
hold thread, needles, tape, etc.; -- also called sailor's
housewife.
Dit"ty-box` (?), n. A small box
to hold a sailor's thread, needless, comb, etc.
Di*u"re*ide (?), n.
[Di- + ureide.]
(Chem.) One of a series of complex nitrogenous
substances regarded as containing two molecules of urea or their
radicals, as uric acid or allantoin. Cf. Ureide.
\'d8Di`u*re"sis (?), n. [NL.
See Diuretic.] (Med.) Free
excretion of urine.
Di`u*ret"ic (?), a. [L.
diureticus, Gr. /, fr. / to make water; /
through + / to make water, fr. / urine: cf. F.
diur\'82tique.] (Med.) Tending
to increase the secretion and discharge of urine. --
n. A medicine with diuretic
properties.
Diuretic salt (Med.), potassium
acetate; -- so called because of its diuretic
properties.
Di`u*ret"ic*al (?), a.
Diuretic. [Obs.]
Boyle.
Di`u*ret"ic*al*ness, n. The quality of
being diuretical; diuretic property.
\'d8Di*ur"na (?), n. pl. [NL.,
fr. L. diurnus belonging to the day.]
(Zo\'94l.) A division of Lepidoptera, including
the butterflies; -- so called because they fly only in the
daytime.
Di*ur"nal (?), a. [L.
diurnalis, fr. dies day. See
Deity, and cf. Journal.]
1. Relating to the daytime; belonging to the period
of daylight, distinguished from the night; -- opposed to
nocturnal; as, diurnal heat;
diurnal hours.
2. Daily; recurring every day; performed in a day;
going through its changes in a day; constituting the measure of a
day; as, a diurnal fever; a diurnal task;
diurnal aberration, or diurnal parallax; the
diurnal revolution of the earth.
Ere twice the horses of the sun shall bring
Their fiery torcher his diurnal ring.
Shak.
3. (Bot.) Opening during the day, and
closing at night; -- said of flowers or leaves.
4. (Zo\'94l.) Active by day; -- applied
especially to the eagles and hawks among raptorial birds, and to
butterflies (Diurna) among insects.
Diurnal aberration (Anat.), the
aberration of light arising from the effect of the earth's
rotation upon the apparent direction of motion of light. --
Diurnal arc, the arc described by the sun during
the daytime or while above the horizon; hence, the arc described
by the moon or a star from rising to setting. --
Diurnal circle, the apparent circle described by a
celestial body in consequence of the earth's rotation. --
Diurnal motion of the earth, the motion of the
earth upon its axis which is described in twentyfour hours.
-- Diurnal motion of a heavenly body, that
apparent motion of the heavenly body which is due to the earth's
diurnal motion. -- Diurnal parallax. See
under Parallax. -- Diurnal revolution of a
planet, the motion of the planet upon its own axis
which constitutes one complete revolution.
Syn. -- See Daily.
Di*ur"nal (?), n. [Cf. F.
diurnal a prayerbook. See Diurnal,
a.]
1. A daybook; a journal. [Obs.]
Tatler.
2. (R. C. Ch.) A small volume containing
the daily service for the \'bdlittle hours,\'b8 viz., prime,
tierce, sext, nones, vespers, and compline.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A diurnal bird or
insect.
Di*ur"nal*ist, n. A journalist.
[Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
Di*ur"nal*ly, adv. Daily; every
day.
Di*ur"nal*ness, n. The quality of being
diurnal.
Di`ur*na"tion (?), n.
1. Continuance during the day.
[Obs.]
2. (Zo\'94l.) The condition of sleeping
or becoming dormant by day, as is the case of the bats.
Di`u*tur"nal (?), a. [L.
diuturnus, fr. diu a long time, by day;
akin to dies day.] Of long continuance;
lasting. [R.]
Milton.
Di`u*tur"ni*ty (?), n. [L.
diuturnitas.] Long duration;
lastingness. [R.]
Sir T. Browne.
Di`va*ga"tion (?), n. [L.
divagari to wander about; di- =
dis- + vagari to stroll about: cf. F.
divagation. See Vagary.] A
wandering about or going astray; digression.
Let us be set down at Queen's Crawley without further
divagation.
Thackeray.
Div"a*lent (?), a. [Pref.
di- + L. valens, valentis, p.
pr. See Valence.] (Chem.) Having
two units of combining power; bivalent. Cf.
Valence.
Di*van" (?), n. [Per.
d\'c6w\'ben a book of many leaves, an account book, a
collection of books, a senate, council: cf. Ar.
daiw\'ben, F. divan.]
1. A book; esp., a collection of poems written by
one author; as, the divan of Hafiz.
[Persia]
2. In Turkey and other Oriental countries: A
council of state; a royal court. Also used by the poets for a
grand deliberative council or assembly.
Pope.
3. A chief officer of state.
[India]
4. A saloon or hall where a council is held, in
Oriental countries, the state reception room in places, and in
the houses of the richer citizens. Cushions on the floor or on
benches are ranged round the room.
5. A cushioned seat, or a large, low sofa or couch;
especially, one fixed to its place, and not movable.
6. A coffee and smoking saloon.
[Colloq.]
Di*var"i*cate (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Divaricated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Divaricating.] [L.
divaricatus, p. p. of divaricare to stretch
apart; di- = dis- + varicare to
straddle, fr. varicus straddling, fr. varus
stretched outwards.]
1. To part into two branches; to become bifid; to
fork.
2. To diverge; to be divaricate.
Woodward.
Di*var"i*cate, v. t. To divide into two
branches; to cause to branch apart.
Di*var"i*cate (?), a. [L.
divaricatus, p. p.]
1. Diverging; spreading asunder; widely
diverging.
2. (Biol.) Forking and diverging; widely
diverging; as the branches of a tree, or as lines of sculpture,
or color markings on animals, etc.
Di*var"i*cate*ly, adv. With
divarication.
Di*var`i*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf.
F. divarication.]
1. A separation into two parts or branches; a
forking; a divergence.
2. An ambiguity of meaning; a disagreement of
difference in opinion.
Sir T. Browne.
3. (Biol.) A divergence of lines of
color sculpture, or of fibers at different angles.
Di*var`i*ca"tor (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) One of the muscles which open the
shell of brachiopods; a cardinal muscle. See Illust.
of Brachiopoda.
Di*vast" (?), a. Devastated;
laid waste. [Obs.]
Dive (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Dived (?),
colloq. Dove (/), a relic of the
AS. strong forms de\'a0f, dofen; p.
pr. & vb. n. Diving.] [OE.
diven, duven, AS. d/fan to
sink, v. t., fr. d/fan, v. i.; akin to Icel.
d/fa, G. taufen, E. dip,
deep, and perh. to dove, n. Cf.
Dip.]
1. To plunge into water head foremost; to thrust
the body under, or deeply into, water or other fluid.
It is not that pearls fetch a high price because men have
dived for them.
Whately.
dove is common in the
United States as an imperfect tense form.
All [the walruses] dove down with a tremendous
splash.
Dr. Hayes.
When closely pressed it [the loon] dove . . . and
left the young bird sitting in the water.
J. Burroughs.
2. Fig.: To plunge or to go deeply into any
subject, question, business, etc.; to penetrate; to
explore.
South.
Dive (?), v. t.
1. To plunge (a person or thing) into water; to
dip; to duck. [Obs.]
Hooker.
2. To explore by diving; to plunge into.
[R.]
The Curtii bravely dived the gulf of fame.
Denham.
He dives the hollow, climbs the steeps.
Emerson.
Dive, n.
1. A plunge headforemost into water, the act of one
who dives, literally or figuratively.
2. A place of low resort.
[Slang]
The music halls and dives in the lower part of the
city.
J. Hawthorne.
Dive"dap`per (?), n. [See
Dive, Didapper.] (Zo\'94l.)
A water fowl; the didapper. See Dabchick.
Di*vel" (?), v. t. [L.
divellere; dit- = dis- +
vellere to pluck.] To rend apart.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Di*vel"lent (?), a. [L.
divellens, p. pr.] Drawing asunder.
[R.]
Di*vel"li*cate (?), v. t. [L.
di- = vellicatus, p. p. of
vellicare to pluck, fr. vellere to
pull.] To pull in pieces. [Obs. or
R.]
Div"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, dives.
Divers and fishers for pearls.
Woodward.
2. Fig.: One who goes deeply into a subject, study,
or business. \'bdA diver into causes.\'b8
Sir H. Wotton.
3. (Zo\'94l.) Any bird of certain
genera, as Urinator (formerly Colymbus), or
the allied genus Colymbus, or Podiceps,
remarkable for their agility in diving.
Urinator imber) is
the loon; the black diver or velvet scoter (Oidemia
fusca) is a sea duck. See Loon, and
Scoter.
Di"verb (?), n. [L.
diverbium the colloquial part of a comedy, dialogue;
di- = dis- + verbum word.]
A saying in which two members of the sentence are
contrasted; an antithetical proverb. [Obs.]
Italy, a paradise for horses, a hell for women, as the
diverb goes.
Burton.
Di*ver"ber*ate (?), v. t. [L.
diverberatus, p. p. of diverberare to
strike asunder; di- = dis- +
verberare. See Verberate.] To
strike or sound through. [R.]
Davies (Holy Roode).
Di*ver`ber*a"tion (?), n. A
sounding through.
Di*verge" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Diverged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Diverging.] [L. di- =
dis- + vergere to bend, incline. See
Verge.]
1. To extend from a common point in different
directions; to tend from one point and recede from each other; to
tend to spread apart; to turn aside or deviate (as from a given
direction); -- opposed to converge; as, rays of
light diverge as they proceed from the sun.
2. To differ from a typical form; to vary from a
normal condition; to dissent from a creed or position generally
held or taken.
Di*verge"ment (?), n.
Divergence.
{ Di*ver"gence (?), Di*ver"gen*cy
(?), } n. [Cf. F.
divergence.]
1. A receding from each other in moving from a
common center; the state of being divergent; as, an angle is
made by the divergence of straight lines.
Rays come to the eye in a state of divergency.
//////.
2. Disagreement; difference.
Related with some divergence by other writers.
Sir G. C. Lewis.
Di*ver"gent (?), a. [Cf. F.
divergent. See Diverge.]
1. Receding farther and farther from each other, as
lines radiating from one point; deviating gradually from a given
direction; -- opposed to convergent.
2. (Optics) Causing divergence of rays;
as, a divergent lens.
3. Fig.: Disagreeing from something given;
differing; as, a divergent statement.
Divergent series. (Math.) See
Diverging series, under
Diverging.
Di*ver"ging, a. Tending in different
directions from a common center; spreading apart;
divergent.
Diverging series (Math.), a series
whose terms are larger as the series is extended; a series the
sum of whose terms does not approach a finite limit when the
series is extended indefinitely; -- opposed to a converging
series.
Di*ver"ging*ly (?), adv. In a
diverging manner.
Di"vers (?), a. [F.
divers, L. diversus turned in different
directions, different, p. p. of divertere. See
Divert, and cf. Diverse.]
1. Different in kind or species; diverse.
[Obs.]
Every sect of them hath a divers posture.
Bacon.
Thou shalt not sow thy vineyard with divers
seeds.
Deut. xxii. 9.
2. Several; sundry; various; more than one, but not
a great number; as, divers philosophers. Also
used substantively or pronominally.
Divers of Antonio's creditors.
Shak.
Divers is now limited to the plural; as,
divers ways (not divers way). Besides
plurality it ordinarily implies variety of kind.
Di"verse (?; 277), a. [The same
word as divers. See Divers.]
1. Different; unlike; dissimilar; distinct;
separate.
The word . . . is used in a sense very diverse from
its original import.
J. Edwards.
Our roads are diverse: farewell, love! said
she.
R. Browning.
2. Capable of various forms; multiform.
Eloquence is a great and diverse thing.
B. Jonson.
Di*verse" (?), adv. In
different directions; diversely.
<-- p. 438 -->
Di*verse" (?), v. i. To turn
aside. [Obs.]
The redcross knight diverst, but forth rode
Britomart.
Spenser.
Di"verse*ly (?), adv.
1. In different ways; differently; variously.
\'bdDiversely interpreted.\'b8
Bacon.
How diversely love doth his pageants play.
Spenser.
2. In different directions; to different
points.
On life's vast ocean diversely we sail.
Pope.
Di*verse"ness (?), n. The
quality of being diverse.
Di*ver`si*fi`a*bil"i*ty (?), n.
The quality or capacity of being diversifiable.
Earle.
Di*ver"si*fi`a*ble (?), a.
Capable of being diversified or varied.
Boyle.
Di*ver`si*fi*ca"tion (?), n.
[See Diversify.]
1. The act of making various, or of changing form
or quality.
Boyle.
2. State of diversity or variation; variegation;
modification; change; alternation.
Infinite diversifications of tints may be
produced.
Adventurer.
Di*ver"si*fied (?), a.
Distinguished by various forms, or by a variety of aspects
or objects; variegated; as, diversified scenery or
landscape.
Di*ver"si*fi`er (?), n. One
who, or that which, diversifies.
Di*ver"si*form (?), a. [L.
diversus diverse + -form.] Of a
different form; of varied forms.
Di*ver"si*fy (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Diversified
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Diversifying.] [F.
diversifier, LL. diversificare, fr. L.
diversus diverse + ficare (in comp.), akin
to facere to make. See Diverse.]
To make diverse or various in form or quality; to give
variety to; to variegate; to distinguish by numerous differences
or aspects.
Separated and diversified on from another.
Locke.
Its seven colors, that diversify all the face of
nature.
I. Taylor.
Di`ver*sil"o*quent (?), a. [L.
diversus diverse + loquens, p. pr. of
loqui to speak.] Speaking in different
ways. [R.]
Di*ver"sion (?), n. [Cf. F.
diversion. See Divert.]
1. The act of turning aside from any course,
occupation, or object; as, the diversion of a stream
from its channel; diversion of the mind from
business.
2. That which diverts; that which turns or draws
the mind from care or study, and thus relaxes and amuses; sport;
play; pastime; as, the diversions of
youth. \'bdPublic diversions.\'b8
V. Knox.
Such productions of wit and humor as expose vice and folly,
furnish useful diversion to readers.
Addison.
3. (Mil.) The act of drawing the
attention and force of an enemy from the point where the
principal attack is to be made; the attack, alarm, or feint which
diverts.
Syn. -- Amusement; entertainment; pastime; recreation;
sport; game; play; solace; merriment.
Di*ver"si*ty (?), n.; pl.
Diversities (#). [F.
diversit\'82, L. diversitas, fr.
diversus. See Diverse.]
1. A state of difference; dissimilitude;
unlikeness.
They will prove opposite; and not resting in a bare
diversity, rise into a contrariety.
South.
2. Multiplicity of difference; multiformity;
variety. \'bdDiversity of sounds.\'b8
Shak. \'bdDiversities of opinion.\'b8
Secker.
3. Variegation. \'bdBright
diversities of day.\'b8
Pope.
Syn. -- See Variety.
Di`ver*siv"o*lent (?), a. [L.
diversus diverse + volens,
-entis, p. pr. of velle to wish.]
Desiring different things. [Obs.]
Webster (White Devil).
Di*ver"so*ry (?), a. Serving or
tending to divert; also, distinguishing.
[Obs.]
Di*ver"so*ry, n. [L.
diversorium, deversorium, an inn or
lodging.] A wayside inn. [Obs. or
R.]
Chapman.
Di*vert" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Diverted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Diverting.] [F.
divertir, fr. L. divertere,
diversum, to go different ways, turn aside; di- =
dis- + vertere to turn. See Verse, and
cf. Divorce.]
1. To turn aside; to turn off from any course or
intended application; to deflect; as, to divert a
river from its channel; to divert commerce from its
usual course.
That crude apple that diverted Eve.
Milton.
2. To turn away from any occupation, business, or
study; to cause to have lively and agreeable sensations; to
amuse; to entertain; as, children are diverted with
sports; men are diverted with works of wit and
humor.
We are amused by a tale, diverted by a comedy.
C. J. Smith.
Syn. -- To please; gratify; amuse; entertain; exhilarate;
delight; recreate. See Amuse.
Di*vert", v. i. To turn aside; to
digress. [Obs.]
I diverted to see one of the prince's palaces.
Evelyn.
Di*vert"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, diverts, turns off, or pleases.
Di*vert"i*ble (?), a. Capable
of being diverted.
Di*ver"ti*cle (?), n. [L.
diverticulum, deverticulum, a bypath, fr.
divertere to turn away.]
1. A turning; a byway; a bypath.
[Obs.]
Hales.
2. (Anat.) A diverticulum.
Div`er*tic"u*lar (?), a.
(Anat.) Pertaining to a diverticulum.
\'d8Div`er*tic"u*lum (?), n.;
pl. Diverticula (#). [L. See
Diverticle.] (Anat.) A blind tube
branching out of a longer one.
\'d8Di*ver`ti*men"to (?), n.;
pl. -ti (#). [It.]
(Mus.) A light and pleasing composition.
Di*vert"ing (?), a. Amusing;
entertaining. -- Di*vert"ing*ly,
adv. -- Di*vert"ing*ness,
n.
Di*vert"ise (?), v. t. [F.
divertir, p. pr. divertissant.]
To divert; to entertain. [Obs.]
Dryden.
Di*vert"ise*ment (?), n. [Cf.
the next word.] Diversion; amusement;
recreation. [R.]
\'d8Di`ver`tisse`ment" (?), n.
[F.] A short ballet, or other entertainment,
between the acts of a play.
Smart.
Di*vert"ive (?), a. [From
Divert.] Tending to divert; diverting;
amusing; interesting.
Things of a pleasant and divertive nature.
Rogers.
Di"ves (?), n. [L.,
rich.] The name popularly given to the rich man in our
Lord's parable of the \'bdRich Man and Lazarus\'b8 (Luke xvi.
19-31). Hence, a name for a rich worldling.
Di*vest" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Divested; p.
pr. & vb. n. Divesting.] [LL.
divestire (di- = dis- + L.
vestire to dress), equiv. to L. devestire.
It is the same word as devest, but the latter is
rarely used except as a technical term in law. See
Devest, Vest.]
1. To unclothe; to strip, as of clothes, arms, or
equipage; -- opposed to invest.
2. Fig.: To strip; to deprive; to dispossess;
as, to divest one of his rights or privileges; to
divest one's self of prejudices, passions,
etc.
Wretches divested of every moral feeling.
Goldsmith.
The tendency of the language to divest itself of
its gutturals.
Earle.
3. (Law) See Devest.
Mozley & W.
Di*vest"i*ble (?), a. Capable
of being divested.
Di*vest"i*ture (?; 135), n. The
act of stripping, or depriving; the state of being divested; the
deprivation, or surrender, of possession of property, rights,
etc.
Di*vest"ment (?), n. The act of
divesting. [R.]
Di*ves"ture (?; 135), n.
Divestiture. [Obs.]
Div"et (?), n. See
Divot.
Di*vid"a*ble (?), a. [From
Divide.]
1. Capable of being divided; divisible.
2. Divided; separated; parted.
[Obs.]
Shak.
Di*vid"ant (?), a. Different;
distinct. [Obs.]
Shak.
Di*vide" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Divided; p. pr.
& vb. n. Dividing.] [L.
dividere, divisum; di- = dis- +
root signifying to part; cf. Skr. vyadh to
pierce; perh. akin to L. vidua widow, and E.
widow. Cf. Device, Devise.]
1. To part asunder (a whole); to sever into two or
more parts or pieces; to sunder; to separate into parts.
Divide the living child in two.
1 Kings iii. 25.
2. To cause to be separate; to keep apart by a
partition, or by an imaginary line or limit; as, a wall
divides two houses; a stream divides the
towns.
Let it divide the waters from the waters.
Gen. i. 6.
3. To make partition of among a number; to
apportion, as profits of stock among proprietors; to give in
shares; to distribute; to mete out; to share.
True justice unto people to divide.
Spenser.
Ye shall divide the land by lot.
Num. xxxiii. 54.
4. To disunite in opinion or interest; to make
discordant or hostile; to set at variance.
If a kingdom be divided against itself, that
kingdom can not stand.
Mark iii. 24.
Every family became now divided within itself.
Prescott.
5. To separate into two parts, in order to
ascertain the votes for and against a measure; as, to
divide a legislative house upon a question.
6. (Math.) To subject to arithmetical
division.
7. (Logic) To separate into species; --
said of a genus or generic term.
8. (Mech.) To mark divisions on; to
graduate; as, to divide a sextant.
9. (Music) To play or sing in a florid
style, or with variations. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Syn. -- To sever; dissever; sunder; cleave; disjoin;
disunite; detach; disconnect; part; distribute; share.
Di*vide", v. i.
1. To be separated; to part; to open; to go
asunder.
Milton.
The Indo-Germanic family divides into three
groups.
J. Peile.
2. To cause separation; to disunite.
A gulf, a strait, the sea intervening between islands,
divide less than the matted forest.
Bancroft.
3. To break friendship; to fall out.
Shak.
4. To have a share; to partake.
Shak.
5. To vote, as in the British Parliament, by the
members separating themselves into two parties (as on opposite
sides of the hall or in opposite lobbies), that is, the
ayes dividing from the noes.
The emperors sat, voted, and divided with their
equals.
Gibbon.
Di*vide", n. A dividing ridge of land
between the tributaries of two streams; a watershed.
Di*vid"ed, a.
1. Parted; disunited; distributed.
2. (Bot.) Cut into distinct parts, by
incisions which reach the midrib; -- said of a leaf.
Di*vid"ed*ly, adv. Separately; in a
divided manner.
Div"i*dend (?), n. [L.
dividendum thing to be divided, neut. of the gerundive
of dividere: cf. F. dividende.]
1. A sum of money to be divided and distributed;
the share of a sum divided that falls to each individual; a
distribute sum, share, or percentage; -- applied to the profits
as appropriated among shareholders, and to assets as apportioned
among creditors; as, the dividend of a bank, a
railway corporation, or a bankrupt estate.
2. (Math.) A number or quantity which is
to be divided.
Div"i*dent (?), n. Dividend;
share. [Obs.]
Foxe.
Di*vid"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, divides; that which
separates anything into parts.
2. One who deals out to each his share.
Who made me a judge or a divider over you?
Luke xii. 14.
3. One who, or that which, causes division.
Hate is of all things the mightiest divider.
Milton.
Money, the great divider of the world.
Swift.
4. pl. An instrument for dividing
lines, describing circles, etc., compasses. See
Compasses.
dividers is usually applied to
the instrument as made for the use of draughtsmen, etc.;
compasses to the coarser instrument used by
carpenters.
Di*vid"ing (?), a. That
divides; separating; marking divisions; graduating.
Dividing engine, a machine for graduating
circles (as for astronomical instruments) or bars (as for
scales); also, for spacing off and cutting teeth in wheels.
-- Dividing sinker. (Knitting Mach.).
See under Sinker.
Di*vid"ing*ly (?), adv. By
division.
\'d8Di"vi-di"vi (?), n. [Native
name.] (Bot.) A small tree of tropical
America (C\'91salpinia coriaria), whose legumes
contain a large proportion of tannic and gallic acid, and are
used by tanners and dyers.
Di*vid"u*al (?; 135), a. [See
Dividuous.] Divided, shared, or participated
in, in common with others. [R.]
Milton.
Di*vid"u*al*ly, adv. By dividing.
[R.]
Di*vid"u*ous (?), a. [L.
dividuus divisible, divided, fr.
dividere.] Divided; dividual.
[R.]
He so often substantiates distinctions into
dividuous, selfsubsistent.
Coleridge.
Div`i*na"tion (?), n. [L.
divinatio, fr. divinare,
divinatum, to foresee, foretell, fr.
divinus: cf. F. divination. See
Divine.]
1. The act of divining; a foreseeing or foretelling
of future events; the pretended art discovering secret or future
by preternatural means.
There shall not be found among you any one that . . . useth
divination, or an observer of times, or an
enchanter.
Deut. xviii. 10.
natural divination was supposed to be effected by a
divine afflatus; artificial divination by certain
rites, omens, or appearances, as the flight of birds, entrails of
animals, etc.
2. An indication of what is future or secret;
augury omen; conjectural presage; prediction.
Birds which do give a happy divination of things to
come.
Sir T. North.
Div"i*na`tor (?), n. [L. See
Divination.] One who practices or pretends to
divination; a diviner. [R.]
Burton.
Di*vin"a*to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F.
divinatoire.] Professing, or relating to,
divination. \'bdA natural divinatory
instinct.\'b8
Cowley.
Di*vine" (?), a. [Compar.
Diviner (/); superl.
Divinest.] [F. divin, L.
divinus divine, divinely inspired, fr.
divus, dius, belonging to a deity; akin to
Gr. /, and L. deus, God. See Deity.]
1. Of or belonging to God; as, divine
perfections; the divine will. \'bdThe
immensity of the divine nature.\'b8
Paley.
2. Proceeding from God; as, divine
judgments. \'bdDivine protection.\'b8
Bacon.
3. Appropriated to God, or celebrating his praise;
religious; pious; holy; as, divine service;
divine songs; divine worship.
4. Pertaining to, or proceeding from, a deity;
partaking of the nature of a god or the gods. \'bdThe
divine Apollo said.\'b8
Shak.
5. Godlike; heavenly; excellent in the highest
degree; supremely admirable; apparently above what is human. In
this application, the word admits of comparison; as, the
divinest mind. Sir J.
Davies. \'bdThe divine Desdemona.\'b8
Shak.
A divine sentence is in the lips of the king.
Prov. xvi. 10.
But not to one in this benighted age
Is that diviner inspiration given.
Gray.
6. Presageful; foreboding; prescient.
[Obs.]
Yet oft his heart, divine of something ill,
Misgave him.
Milton.
7. Relating to divinity or theology.
Church history and other divine learning.
South.
Syn. -- Supernatural; superhuman; godlike; heavenly;
celestial; pious; holy; sacred; pre\'89minent.
Di*vine", n. [L. divinus a
soothsayer, LL., a theologian. See Divine,
a.]
1. One skilled in divinity; a theologian.
\'bdPoets were the first divines.\'b8
Denham.
2. A minister of the gospel; a priest; a
clergyman.
The first divines of New England were surpassed by
none in extensive erudition.
J. Woodbridge.
Di*vine", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Divined (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Divining.] [L.
divinare: cf. F. deviner. See
Divination.]
1. To foresee or foreknow; to detect; to
anticipate; to conjecture.
A sagacity which divined the evil designs.
Bancroft.
2. To foretell; to predict; to presage.
Darest thou . . . divine his downfall?
Shak.
3. To render divine; to deify.
[Obs.]
Living on earth like angel new divined.
Spenser.
Syn. -- To foretell; predict; presage; prophesy;
prognosticate; forebode; guess; conjecture; surmise.
Di*vine", v. i.
1. To use or practice divination; to foretell by
divination; to utter prognostications.
The prophets thereof divine for money.
Micah iii. 11.
2. To have or feel a presage or foreboding.
Suggest but truth to my divining thoughts.
Shak.
3. To conjecture or guess; as, to
divine rightly.
Di*vine"ly, adv.
1. In a divine or godlike manner; holily; admirably
or excellently in a supreme degree.
Most divinely fair.
Tennyson.
2. By the agency or influence of God.
Divinely set apart . . . to be a preacher of
righteousness.
Macaulay.
Di*vine"ment (?), n.
Divination. [Obs.]
Di*vine"ness, n. The quality of being
divine; superhuman or supreme excellence.
Shak.
Di*vin"er (?), n.
1. One who professes divination; one who pretends
to predict events, or to reveal occult things, by supernatural
means.
The diviners have seen a lie, and have told false
dreams; they comfort in vain.
Zech. x. 2.
2. A conjecture; a guesser; one who makes out
occult things.
Locke.
Di*vin"er*ess, n. A woman who
divines.
Dryden.
<-- p. 439 -->
Div"ing (?), a. That dives or
is used or diving.
Diving beetle (Zo\'94l.), any
beetle of the family Dytiscid\'91, which habitually
lives under water; -- called also water
tiger. -- Diving bell, a hollow
inverted vessel, sometimes bell-shaped, in which men may descend
and work under water, respiration being sustained by the
compressed air at the top, by fresh air pumped in through a tube
from above. -- Diving dress. See
Submarine armor, under Submarine. --
Diving stone, a kind of jasper.
Di*vin"i*fy (?), v. t. [L.
divinus divine + -fy.] To render
divine; to deify. [Obs.] \'bdBlessed and
divinified soul.\'b8
Parth. Sacra (1633).
Di*vin"ing (?), a. That
divines; for divining.
Divining rod, a rod, commonly of witch hazel,
with forked branches, used by those who pretend to discover water
or metals under ground.
Di*vin"ing*ly, adv. In a divining
manner.
Div`i*nis"tre (?), n. A
diviner. [Obs.] \'bd I am no
divinistre.\'b8
Chaucer.
Di*vin"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Divinities (#). [F.
divinit\'82, L. divinitas. See
Divine, a.]
1. The state of being divine; the nature or essence
of God; deity; godhead.
When he attributes divinity to other things than
God, it is only a divinity by way of
participation.
Bp. Stillingfleet.
2. The Deity; the Supreme Being; God.
This the divinity that within us.
Addison.
3. A pretended deity of pagans; a false god.
Beastly divinities, and droves of gods.
Prior.
4. A celestial being, inferior to the supreme God,
but superior to man.
God . . . employing these subservient
divinities.
Cheyne.
5. Something divine or superhuman; supernatural
power or virtue; something which inspires awe.
They say there is divinity in odd numbers.
Shak.
There's such divinity doth hedge a king.
Shak.
6. The science of divine things; the science which
treats of God, his laws and moral government, and the way of
salvation; theology.
Divinity is essentially the first of the
professions.
Coleridge.
/ase divinity, casuistry.
Div`i*ni*za"tion (?), n. A
making divine.
M. Arnold.
Div"i*nize (?), v. t. To invest
with a divine character; to deify. [R.]
M. Arnold.
Man had divinized all those objects of awe.
Milman.
Di*vis`i*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf.
F. divisibilit\'82.] The quality of being
divisible; the property of bodies by which their parts are
capable of separation.
Divisibility . . . is a primary attribute of
matter.
Sir W. Hamilton.
Di*vis"i*ble (?), a. [L.
divisibilis, fr. dividere: cf. F.
divisible. See Divide.] Capable of
being divided or separated.
Extended substance . . . is divisible into
parts.
Sir W. Hamilton.
Divisible contract (Law), a
contract containing agreements one of which can be separated from
the other. -- Divisible offense (Law),
an offense containing a lesser offense in one of a greater
grade, so that on the latter there can be an acquittal, while on
the former there can be a conviction.
-- Di*vis"i*ble*ness, n. --
Di*vis"i*bly, adv.
Di*vis"i*ble, n. A divisible
substance.
Glanvill.
Di*vi"sion (?), n. [F.
division, L. divisio, from
dividere. See Divide.]
1. The act or process of diving anything into
parts, or the state of being so divided; separation.
I was overlooked in the division of the spoil.
Gibbon.
2. That which divides or keeps apart; a
partition.
3. The portion separated by the divining of a mass
or body; a distinct segment or section.
Communities and divisions of men.
Addison.
4. Disunion; difference in opinion or feeling;
discord; variance; alienation.
There was a division among the people.
John vii. 43.
5. Difference of condition; state of distinction;
distinction; contrast.
Chaucer.
I will put a division between my people and thy
people.
Ex. viii. 23.
6. Separation of the members of a deliberative
body, esp. of the Houses of Parliament, to ascertain the
vote.
The motion passed without a division.
Macaulay.
7. (Math.) The process of finding how
many times one number or quantity is contained in another; the
reverse of multiplication; also, the rule by which the
operation is performed.
8. (Logic) The separation of a genus
into its constituent species.
9. (Mil.) (a) Two or more
brigades under the command of a general officer.
(b) Two companies of infantry maneuvering as one
subdivision of a battalion. (c) One of the
larger districts into which a country is divided for
administering military affairs.
10. (Naut.) One of the groups into which
a fleet is divided.
11. (Mus.) A course of notes so running
into each other as to form one series or chain, to be sung in one
breath to one syllable.
12. (Rhet.) The distribution of a
discourse into parts; a part so distinguished.
13. (Biol.) A grade or rank in
classification; a portion of a tribe or of a class; or, in some
recent authorities, equivalent to a subkingdom.
Cell division (Biol.), a method of
cell increase, in which new cells are formed by the division of
the parent cell. In this process, the cell nucleus undergoes
peculiar differentiations and changes, as shown in the figure
(see also Karyokinesis). At the same time the protoplasm
of the cell becomes gradually constricted by a furrow transverse
to the long axis of the nuclear spindle, followed, on the
completion of the division of the nucleus, by a separation of the
cell contents into two masses, called the daughter
cells. -- Long division (Math.),
the process of division when the operations are mostly
written down. -- Short division
(Math.), the process of division when the
operations are mentally performed and only the results written
down; -- used principally when the divisor is not greater than
ten or twelve.
Syn. -- compartment; section; share; allotment;
distribution; separation; partition; disjunction; disconnection;
difference; variance; discord; disunion.
Di*vi"sion*al (?), a. That
divides; p/rtaining to, making, or noting, a division; as,
a divisional line; a divisional general; a
divisional surgeon of police.
Divisional planes (Geol.), planes
of separation between rock masses. They include joints.
Di*vi"sion*al*ly, adv. So as to be
divisional.
Di*vi"sion*a*ry (?), a.
Divisional.
Di*vi"sion*or (?), n. One who
divides or makes division. [Obs.]
Sheldon.
Di*vi"sive (?), a. [Cf. F.
divisif.]
1. Indicating division or distribution.
Mede.
2. Creating, or tending to create, division,
separation, or difference.
It [culture] is after all a dainty and divisive
quality, and can not reach to the depths of humanity.
J. C. Shairp.
-- Di*vi"sive*ly, adv. --
Di*vi"sive*ness, n.
Carlyle.
Di*vi"sor (?), n. [L., fr.
dividere. See Divide.]
(Math.) The number by which the dividend is
divided.
Common divisor. (Math.) See under
Common, a.
Di*vorce" (?), n. [F.
divorce, L. divortium, fr.
divortere, divertere, to turn different
ways, to separate. See Divert.]
1. (Law) (a) A legal
dissolution of the marriage contract by a court or other body
having competent authority. This is properly a divorce, and
called, technically, divorce a vinculo matrimonii.
\'bdfrom the bond of matrimony.\'b8 (b) The
separation of a married woman from the bed and board of her
husband -- divorce a mensa et toro (,
\'bdfrom bed board.\'b8
2. The decree or writing by which marriage is
dissolved.
3. Separation; disunion of things closely
united.
To make divorce of their incorporate league.
Shak.
4. That which separates. [Obs.]
Shak.
Bill of divorce. See under
Bill.
Di*vorce", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Divorced (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Divorcing.] [Cf. F.
divorcer. See Divorce, n.]
1. To dissolve the marriage contract of, either
wholly or partially; to separate by divorce.
2. To separate or disunite; to sunder.
It [a word] was divorced from its old sense.
Earle.
3. To make away; to put away.
Nothing but death
Shall e'er divorce my dignities.
Shak.
Di*vorce"a*ble (?), a. Capable
of being divorced.
Di*vor`cee" (?), n. A person
divorced.
Di*vorce"less (?), a. Incapable
of being divorced or separated; free from divorce.
Di*vorce"ment (?), n.
Dissolution of the marriage tie; divorce; separation.
Let him write her a divorcement.
Deut. xxiv. 1.
The divorcement of our written from our spoken
language.
R. Morris.
Di*vor"cer, n. The person or cause that
produces or effects a divorce.
Drummond.
Di*vor"ci*ble (?), a.
Divorceable.
Milton.
Di*vor"cive (?), a. Having
power to divorce; tending to divorce. \'bdThis
divorcive law.\'b8
Milton.
Div"ot (?), n. A thin, oblong
turf used for covering cottages, and also for fuel.
[Scot.]
Simmonds.
Di*vul"gate (?), a. [L.
divulgatus, p. p. of divulgare. See
Divulge.] Published.
[Obs.]
Bale.
Di*vul"gate (?), v. t. To
divulge. [Obs.]
Foxe.
Div"ul*ga`ter (?), n. A
divulger. [R.]
Div`ul*ga"tion (?), n. [L.
divulgatio: cf. F. divulgation.]
The act of divulging or publishing. [R.]
Secrecy hath no use than divulgation.
Bp. Hall.
Di*vulge" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Divulged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Divulging.] [F. divulguer,
L. divulgare; di- = dis- +
vulgare to spread among the people, from
vulgus the common people. See Vulgar.]
1. To make public; to several or communicate to the
public; to tell (a secret) so that it may become generally known;
to disclose; -- said of that which had been confided as a secret,
or had been before unknown; as, to divulge a
secret.
Divulge not such a love as mine.
Cowper.
2. To indicate publicly; to proclaim.
[R.]
God . . . marks
The just man, and divulges him through heaven.
Milton.
3. To impart; to communicate.
Which would not be
To them [animals] made common and divulged.
Milton.
Syn. -- To publish; disclose; discover; uncover; reveal;
communicate; impart; tell.
Di*vulge", v. i. To become publicly
known. [R.] \'bdTo keep it from
divulging.\'b8
Shak.
Di*vul"sive (?), a. Tending to
pull asunder, tear, or rend; distracting.
Dix"ie (?), n. A colloquial
name for the Southern portion of the United States, esp. during
the Civil War. [U.S.]
Diz"en (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dizened
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dizening.] [Perh. orig., to dress in a
foolish manner, and allied to dizzy: but cf. also OE.
dysyn (Palsgrave) to put tow or flax on a
distaff, i. e., to dress it. Cf.
Distaff.]
1. To dress; to attire. [Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.
2. To dress gaudily; to overdress; to bedizen; to
deck out.
Like a tragedy queen, he has dizened her out.
Goldsmith.
To-morrow when the masks shall fall
That dizen Nature's carnival.
Emerson.
Dizz (?), v. t. [See
Dizzy.] To make dizzy; to astonish; to
puzzle. [Obs.]
Gayton.
Diz"zard (?), n. [See
Dizzy, and cf. Disard.] A blockhead.
[Obs.] [Written also dizard, and
disard.] --
Diz"zard*ly, adv.
[Obs.]
Diz"zi*ly (?), adv. In a dizzy
manner or state.
Diz"zi*ness, n. [AS.
dysigness folly. See Dizzy.]
Giddiness; a whirling sensation in the head; vertigo.
Diz"zy (?), a.
[Compar. Dizzier (?);
superl. Dizziest.] [OE.
dusi, disi, desi, foolish, AS.
dysig; akin to LG. d\'81sig dizzy, OD.
deuzig, duyzig, OHG. tusig
foolish, OFries. dusia to be dizzy; LG.
dusel dizziness, duselig,
dusselig, D. duizelig, dizzy, Dan.
d\'94sig drowsy, slepy, d\'94se to make
dull, drowsy, d\'94s dullness, drowsiness, and to AS.
dw/s foolish, G. thor fool. ///.
Cf. Daze, Doze.]
1. Having in the head a sensation of whirling, with
a tendency to fall; vertiginous; giddy; hence, confused;
indistinct.
Alas! his brain was dizzy.
Drayton.
2. Causing, or tending to cause, giddiness or
vertigo.
To climb from the brink of Fleet Ditch by a dizzy
ladder.
Macaulay.
3. Without distinct thought; unreflecting;
thoughtless; heedless. \'bdThe dizzy
multitude.\'b8
Milton.
Diz"zy, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dizzied (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Dizzying.] To make dizzy or
giddy; to give the vertigo to; to confuse.
If the jangling of thy bells had not dizzied thy
understanding.
Sir W. Scott.
\'d8Djer*eed" (?) Djer*rid"
(/), n. [F. djerid,
fr. Ar. See Jereed.] (a) A blunt
javelin used in military games in Moslem countries.
(b) A game played with it. [Written
also jereed, jerrid, etc.]
\'d8Djin"nee (?), n.; pl.
Jjinn (/) or Djinns
(/). See Jinnee,
Jinn.
Do. (/), n. An abbreviation
of Ditto.
Do (?), n. (Mus.) A
syllable attached to the first tone of the major diatonic scale
for the purpose of solmization, or solfeggio. It is the first of
the seven syllables used by the Italians as manes of musical
tones, and replaced, for the sake of euphony, the syllable
Ut, applied to the note C. In England and America the
same syllables are used by mane as a scale pattern, while the
tones in respect to absolute pitch are named from the first seven
letters of the alphabet.
Do (?), v. t. .
[imp. Din (#);
p. p. Done (#); p.
pr. & vb. n. Doing (#). This verb, when
transitive, is formed in the indicative, present tense, thus: I
do, thou doest (/) or dost
/, he does (/), doeth (/), or
doth (/); when auxiliary, the second person is, thou
dost. As an independent verb, dost is
obsolete or rare, except in poetry. \'bdWhat dost thou
in this world?\'b8 Milton. The form doeth is
a verb unlimited, doth, formerly so used, now being
the auxiliary form. The second pers, sing., imperfect tense, is
didst (/), formerly didest
(/).] [AS. d/n; akin to D.
doen, OS. duan, OHG. tuon, G.
thun, Lith. deti, OSlav. d/ti,
OIr. d\'82nim I do, Gr. / to put, Skr.
dh\'be, and to E. suffix -dom, and prob. to
L. facere to do, E. fact, and perh. to L.
-dere in some compounfds, as addere to add,
credere to trust. /// Cf. Deed,
Deem, Doom, Fact, Creed,
Theme.]
1. To place; to put. [Obs.]
Tale of a Usurer (about 1330).
2. To cause; to make; -- with an infinitive.
[Obs.]
My lord Abbot of Westminster did do shewe to me
late certain evidences.
W. Caxton.
I shall . . . your cloister do make.
Piers Plowman.
A fatal plague which many did to die.
Spenser.
We do you to wit [i. e., We
make you to know] of the grace of God bestowed on the
churches of Macedonia.
2 Cor. viii. 1.
do used like the French faire or
laisser), in which the verb in the infinitive
apparently, but not really, has a passive signification, i.
e., cause . . . to be made.
3. To bring about; to produce, as an effect or
result; to effect; to achieve.
The neglecting it may do much danger.
Shak.
He waved indifferently' twixt doing them neither
good not harm.
Shak.
4. To perform, as an action; to execute; to
transact to carry out in action; as, to do a good or
a bad act; do our duty; to do what I
can.
Six days shalt thou labor and do all thy work.
Ex. xx. 9.
We did not do these things.
Ld. Lytton.
You can not do wrong without suffering wrong.
Emerson.
Hence: To do homage, honor,
favor, justice, etc., to render homage,
honor, etc.
5. To bring to an end by action; to perform
completely; to finish; to accomplish; -- a sense conveyed by the
construction, which is that of the past participle
done. \'bdEre summer half be
done.\'b8 \'bdI have done weeping.\'b8
Shak.
<-- p. 440 -->
6. To make ready for an object, purpose, or use, as
food by cooking; to cook completely or sufficiently; as, the
meat is done on one side only.
7. To put or bring into a form, state, or
condition, especially in the phrases, to do death, to
put to death; to slay; to do away (often do away
with), to put away; to remove; to do on, to put
on; to don; to do off, to take off, as dress; to doff;
to do into, to put into the form of; to translate or
transform into, as a text.
Done to death by slanderous tongues.
Shak.
The ground of the difficulty is done away.
Paley.
Suspicions regarding his loyalty were entirely done
away.
Thackeray.
To do on our own harness, that we may not; but we
must do on the armor of God.
Latimer.
Then Jason rose and did on him a fair
Blue woolen tunic.
W. Morris (Jason).
Though the former legal pollution be now done off,
yet there is a spiritual contagion in idolatry as much to be
shunned.
Milton.
It [\'bdPilgrim's Progress\'b8] has been done into
verse: it has been done into modern English.
Macaulay.
8. To cheat; to gull; to overreach.
[Colloq.]
He was not be done, at his time of life, by
frivolous offers of a compromise that might have secured him
seventy-five per cent.
De Quincey.
9. To see or inspect; to explore; as, to
do all the points of interest.
[Colloq.]
10. (Stock Exchange) To cash or to
advance money for, as a bill or note.
(a) Do and did are
much employed as auxiliaries, the verb to which they are joined
being an infinitive. As an auxiliary the verb do has
no participle. \'bdI do set my bow in the cloud.\'b8
Gen. ix. 13. [Now archaic or rare except for
emphatic assertion.]
Rarely . . . did the wrongs of individuals to the
knowledge of the public.
Macaulay.
(b) They are often used in emphatic construction.
\'bdYou don't say so, Mr. Jobson. -- but I do say
so.\'b8 Sir W. Scott. \'bdI did love him,
but scorn him now.\'b8 Latham. (c)
In negative and interrogative constructions, do and
did are in common use. I do not wish to see
them; what do you think? Did C\'91sar cross
the Tiber? He did not. \'bdDo you love
me?\'b8 Shak. (d) Do, as an
auxiliary, is supposed to have been first used before
imperatives. It expresses entreaty or earnest request; as,
do help me. In the imperative mood, but not in the
indicative, it may be used with the verb to be; as,
do be quiet. Do, did, and
done often stand as a general substitute or
representative verb, and thus save the repetition of the
principal verb. \'bdTo live and die is all we have to
do.\'b8 Denham. In the case of do
and did as auxiliaries, the sense may be completed by
the infinitive (without to) of the verb represented.
\'bdWhen beauty lived and died as flowers do now.\'b8
Shak. \'bdI . . . chose my wife as she did
her wedding gown.\'b8
Goldsmith.
My brightest hopes giving dark fears a being.
As the light does the shadow.
Longfellow.
In unemphatic affirmative sentences do is, for the
most part, archaic or poetical; as, \'bdThis just reproach their
virtue does excite.\'b8
Dryden.
To do one's best, To do one's
diligence (and the like), to exert one's self;
to put forth one's best or most or most diligent efforts.
\'bdWe will . . . do our best to gain their assent.\'b8
Jowett (Thucyd.). -- To do one's business,
to ruin one. [Colloq.] Wycherley.
-- To do one shame, to cause one shame.
[Obs.] -- To do over. (a) To
make over; to perform a second time. (b) To
cover; to spread; to smear. \'bdBoats . . . sewed together and
done over with a kind of slimy stuff like rosin.\'b8
De Foe. -- To do to death, to put to
death. (See 7.) [Obs.] -- To do up.
(a) To put up; to raise. [Obs.]
Chaucer. (b) To pack together and envelop;
to pack up. (c) To accomplish thoroughly.
[Colloq.] (d) To starch and iron.
\'bdA rich gown of velvet, and a ruff done up with the
famous yellow starch.\'b8 Hawthorne. -- To do
way, to put away; to lay aside. [Obs.]
Chaucer. -- To do with, to dispose
of; to make use of; to employ; -- usually preceded by
what. \'bdMen are many times brought to that extremity,
that were it not for God they would not know what to do
with themselves.\'b8 Tillotson. -- To
have to do with, to have concern, business or
intercourse with; to deal with. When preceded by what,
the notion is usually implied that the affair does not concern
the person denoted by the subject of have.
\'bdPhilology has to do with language in its fullest
sense.\'b8 Earle. \'bdWhat have I to do
with you, ye sons of Zeruiah? 2 Sam. xvi.
10.
Do (?), v. i. 1. To
act or behave in any manner; to conduct one's self.
They fear not the Lord, neither do they after . . .
the law and commandment.
2 Kings xvii. 34.
2. To fare; to be, as regards health; as, they
asked him how he did; how do you do
to-day?
3. [Perh. a different word. OE. dugen,
dowen, to avail, be of use, AS. dugan. See
Doughty.] To succeed; to avail; to answer the
purpose; to serve; as, if no better plan can be found, he
will make this do.
You would do well to prefer a bill against all kings and
parliaments since the Conquest; and if that won't do;
challenge the crown.
Collier.
To do by. See under By. --
To do for. (a) To answer for; to serve
as; to suit. (b) To put an end to; to ruin; to
baffle completely; as, a goblet is done for when it is
broken. [Colloq.]
Some folks are happy and easy in mind when their victim is
stabbed and done for.
Thackeray.
-- To do withal, to help or prevent it.
[Obs.] \'bdI could not do withal.\'b8
Shak. -- To do without, to get along
without; to dispense with. -- To have done,
to have made an end or conclusion; to have finished; to be
quit; to desist. -- To have done with, to
have completed; to be through with; to have no further concern
with. -- Well to do, in easy
circumstances.
Do, n. 1. Deed; act; fear.
[Obs.]
Sir W. Scott.
2. Ado; bustle; stir; to do.
[R.]
A great deal of do, and a great deal of
trouble.
Selden.
3. A cheat; a swindle. [Slang,
Eng.]
\'d8Do"ab (?), [Pers. & Hind.
do\'beb, prop., two waters.] A tongue or
tract of land included between two rivers; as, the
doab between the Ganges and the Jumna.
[India]
Am. Cyc.
Do"a*ble (?), a. Capable of
being done.
Carlyle.
Do"-all` (?), n. General
manager; factotum.
Under him, Dunstan was the do-all at court, being
the king's treasurer, councilor, chancellor, confessor, all
things.
Fuller.
Do"and (?), p. pr. Doing.
[Obs.]
Rom. of R.
Doat (?), v. i. See
Dote.
Dob"ber (?), n. 1.
(Zo\'94l.) See Dabchick.
2. A float to a fishing line. [Local,
U. S.]
Dob"bin (?), n. 1. An
old jaded horse.
Shak.
2. Sea gravel mixed with sand. [Prov.
Eng.]
Dob"chick` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) See Dabchick.
Dob"son (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) The aquatic larva of a large
neuropterous insect (Corydalus cornutus), used as bait
in angling. See Hellgamite.
Dob"ule (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) The European dace.
Do"cent (?), a. [L.
docens, -entis, p. pr. of docere
to teach.] Serving to instruct; teaching.
[Obs.]
\'d8Do*ce"t\'91 (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. / to appear.] (Eccl. Hist.)
Ancient heretics who held that Christ's body was merely a
phantom or appearance.
Do*cet"ic (?), a. Pertaining
to, held by, or like, the Docet\'91. \'bdDocetic
Gnosticism.\'b8
Plumptre.
Doc"e*tism (?), n. (Eccl.
Hist.) The doctrine of the Docet\'91.
Doch"mi*ac (?), a.
(Pros.) Pertaining to, or containing, the
dochmius.
\'d8Doch"mi*us (?), n. [L., fr.
Gr. /.] (Pros.) A foot of five syllables
(usually / -- -/ -).
{ Doc`i*bil"i*ty (?),
Doc"i*ble*ness (?), } n.
[L. docibilitas.] Aptness for being
taught; teachableness; docility.
To persons of docibility, the real character may be
easily taught in a few days.
Boyle.
The docibleness of dogs in general.
Walton.
Doc"i*ble (?), a. [L.
docibilis, fr. docere to teach.]
Easily taught or managed; teachable.
Milton.
Doc"ile (?), a. [L.
docilis,fr. docere to teach; cf. Gr. /,
and L. discere to learn, Gr. / learned, /
knowing: cf. F. docile. Cf. Doctor,
Didactic, Disciple.]
1. Teachable; easy to teach; docible.
[Obs.]
2. Disposed to be taught; tractable; easily
managed; as, a docile child.
The elephant is at once docible and docile.
C. J. Smith.
Do*cil"i*ty (?), n. [L.
docilitas, fr. docilis: cf. F.
docilit\'82.]
1. teachableness; aptness for being taught;
docibleness. [Obs. or R.]
2. Willingness to be taught; tractableness.
The humble docility of little children is, in the
New Testament, represented as a necessary preparative to the
reception of the Christian faith.
Beattie.
Doc"i*ma*cy (?), n. [Gr. / an
assay, examination, fr. / to examine (Metals), fr. / assayed,
tested, fr. / to take, approve: cf. F.
docimasie.] The art or practice of applying
tests to ascertain the nature, quality, etc., of objects, as of
metals or ores, of medicines, or of facts pertaining to
physiology.
Doc`i*mas"tic (?), a. [Gr. /:
cf. F. docimastique.] Proving by
experiments or tests.
Docimastic art, metallurgy, or the art of
assaying metals; the art of separating metals from foreign
matters, and determining the nature and quantity of metallic
substances contained in any ore or mineral.
Doc`i*mol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. /
a test + -logy.] A treatise on the art of
testing, as in assaying metals, etc.
Doc"i*ty (?), n.
Teachableness. [Prov. Eng. & Local, U.
S.]
Dock (?), n. [AS.
docce; of uncertain origin; cf. G.
docken-bl\'84tter, Gael. dogha burdock, OF.
doque; perh. akin to L. daucus,
daucum, Gr. /, /, a kind of parsnip or carrot,
used in medicine. Cf. Burdock.] (Bot.)
A genus of plants (Rumex), some species of which
are well-known weeds which have a long taproot and are difficult
of extermination.
Yellow dock is Rumex crispus,
with smooth curly leaves and yellow root, which that of other
species is used medicinally as an astringent and tonic.
Dock, n. [Cf. Icel. dockr a
short tail, Fries. dok a little bundle or bunch, G.
docke bundle, skein, a short and thick column.]
1. The solid part of an animal's tail, as
distinguished from the hair; the stump of a tail; the part of a
tail left after clipping or cutting.
Grew.
2. A case of leather to cover the clipped or cut
tail of a horse.
Dock, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Docked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Docking.] [See Dock a tail.
Cf. W. tociaw, and twciaw, to dock,
clip.]
1. to cut off, as the end of a thing; to curtail;
to cut short; to clip; as, to dock the tail of a
horse.
His top was docked like a priest biforn.
Chaucer.
2. To cut off a part from; to shorten; to deduct
from; to subject to a deduction; as, to dock one's
wages.
3. To cut off, bar, or destroy; as, to
dock an entail.
Dock, n. [Akin to D. dok; of
uncertain origin; cf. LL. doga ditch, L.
doga ditch, L. doga sort of vessel, Gr. /
receptacle, fr. / to receive.]
1. An artificial basin or an inclosure in
connection with a harbor or river, -- used for the reception of
vessels, and provided with gates for keeping in or shutting out
the tide.
2. The slip or water way extending between two
piers or projecting wharves, for the reception of ships; --
sometimes including the piers themselves; as, to be down on
the dock.
3. The place in court where a criminal or accused
person stands.
Balance dock, a kind of floating
dock which is kept level by pumping water out of, or letting
it into, the compartments of side chambers. -- Dry
dock, a dock from which the water may be shut or pumped
out, especially, one in the form of a chamber having walls and
floor, often of masonry and communicating with deep water, but
having appliances for excluding it; -- used in constructing or
repairing ships. The name includes structures used for the
examination, repairing, or building of vessels, as graving
docks, floating docks, hydraulic docks,
etc. -- Floating dock, a dock which is made
to become buoyant, and, by floating, to lift a vessel out of
water. -- Graving dock, a dock for holding a
ship for graving or cleaning the bottom, etc. --
Hydraulic dock, a dock in which a vessel is raised
clear of the water by hydraulic presses. -- Naval
dock, a dock connected with which are naval stores,
materials, and all conveniences for the construction and repair
of ships. -- Sectional dock, a form of
floating dock made in separate sections or
caissons. -- Slip dock, a dock having a
sloping floor that extends from deep water to above high-water
mark, and upon which is a railway on which runs a cradle carrying
the ship. -- Wet dock, a dock where the water
is shut in, and kept at a given level, to facilitate the loading
and unloading of ships; -- also sometimes used as a place of
safety; a basin.
Dock (?), v. t. To draw, law,
or place (a ship) in a dock, for repairing, cleaning the bottom,
etc.
Dock"age (?), n. A charge for
the use of a dock.
Dock"-cress` (?), n.
(Bot.) Nipplewort.
Dock"et (?), n.
[Dock to cut off + dim. suffix
-et.]
1. A small piece of paper or parchment, containing
the heads of a writing; a summary or digest.
2. A bill tied to goods, containing some direction,
as the name of the owner, or the place to which they are to be
sent; a label.
Bailey.
3. (Law) (a) An abridged entry
of a judgment or proceeding in an action, or register or such
entries; a book of original, kept by clerks of courts, containing
a formal list of the names of parties, and minutes of the
proceedings, in each case in court. (b) (U.
S.) A list or calendar of causes ready for hearing or
trial, prepared for the use of courts by the clerks.
4. A list or calendar of business matters to be
acted on in any assembly.
On the docket, in hand; in the plan; under
consideration; in process of execution or performance.
[Colloq.]
Dock"et, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Docketed; p. pr. & vb. n.
Docketing.]
1. To make a brief abstract of (a writing) and
indorse it on the back of the paper, or to indorse the title or
contents on the back of; to summarize; as, to docket
letters and papers.
Chesterfield.
2. (Law) (a) To make a brief
abstract of and inscribe in a book; as, judgments regularly
docketed. (b) To enter or
inscribe in a docket, or list of causes for trial.
3. To mark with a ticket; as, to
docket goods.
Dock"yard` (?), n. A yard or
storage place for all sorts of naval stores and timber for
shipbuilding.
\'d8Doc`o*glos"sa (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / a beam + / the tongue.]
(Zo\'94l.) An order of gastropods, including the
true limpets, and having the teeth on the odontophore or lingual
ribbon.
Doc"quet (?), n. & v. See
Docket.
Doc"tor (?), n. [OF.
doctur, L. doctor, teacher, fr.
docere to teach. See Docile.]
1. A teacher; one skilled in a profession, or
branch of knowledge learned man. [Obs.]
One of the doctors of Italy, Nicholas
Macciavel.
Bacon.
2. An academical title, originally meaning a men so
well versed in his department as to be qualified to teach it.
Hence: One who has taken the highest degree conferred by a
university or college, or has received a diploma of the highest
degree; as, a doctor of divinity, of law, of
medicine, of music, or of philosophy. Such diplomas may
confer an honorary title only.
3. One duly licensed to practice medicine; a member
of the medical profession; a physician.
By medicine life may be prolonged, yet death
Will seize the doctor too.
Shak.
4. Any mechanical contrivance intended to remedy a
difficulty or serve some purpose in an exigency; as, the
doctor of a calico-printing machine, which is a knife to
remove superfluous coloring matter; the doctor, or
auxiliary engine, called also donkey
engine.
5. (Zo\'94l.) The friar skate.
[Prov. Eng.]
Doctors' Commons. See under
Commons. -- Doctor's stuff, physic,
medicine. G. Eliot. -- Doctor fish
(Zo\'94l.), any fish of the genus
Acanthurus; the surgeon fish; -- so called from a
sharp lancetlike spine on each side of the tail. Also called
barber fish. See Surgeon
fish.
Doc"tor, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Doctored (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Doctoring.]
1. To treat as a physician does; to apply remedies
to; to repair; as, to doctor a sick man or a broken
cart. [Colloq.]
2. To confer a doctorate upon; to make a
doctor.
3. To tamper with and arrange for one's own
purposes; to falsify; to adulterate; as, to doctor
election returns; to doctor whisky.
[Slang]
Doc"tor, v. i. To practice physic.
[Colloq.]
Doc"tor*al, a. [Cf. F.
doctoral.] Of or relating to a doctor, or
to the degree of doctor.
Doctoral habit and square cap.
Wood.
Doc"tor*al*ly, adv. In the manner of a
doctor.[R.]
<-- p. 441 -->
Doc"tor*ate (?), n. [Cf. F.
doctorat.] The degree, title, or rank, of a
doctor.
Doc"tor*ate (?), v. t. To make
(one) a doctor.
He was bred . . . in Oxford and there
doctorated.
Fuller.
Doc"tor*ess, n. A female
doctor.[R.]
Doc"tor*ly, a. Like a doctor or learned
man. [Obs.] \'bdDoctorly
prelates.\'b8
Foxe.
Doc"tor*ship, n. Doctorate.
[R.]
Clarendon.
Doc"tress (?), n. A female
doctor. [R.]
Doc"tri*na*ble (?), a. Of the
nature of, or constituting, doctrine. [Obs.]
Sir P. Sidney.
\'d8Doc`tri*naire" (?), n. [F.
See Doctrine.] One who would apply to
political or other practical concerns the abstract doctrines or
the theories of his own philosophical system; a propounder of a
new set of opinions; a dogmatic theorist. Used also adjectively;
as, doctrinaire notions.
Doctrinaires were
a constitutionalist party which originated after the restoration
of the Bourbons, and represented the interests of liberalism and
progress. After the Revolution of July, 1830, when they came into
power, they assumed a conservative position in antagonism with
the republicans and radicals.
Am. Cyc.
Doc"tri*nal (?), a. [LL.
doctrinalis, fr. L. doctrina: cf. F.
doctrinal. See Doctrine.]
1. Pertaining to, or containing, doctrine or
something taught and to be believed; as, a doctrinal
observation. \'bdDoctrinal clauses.\'b8
Macaulay.
2. Pertaining to, or having to do with,
teaching.
The word of God serveth no otherwise than in the nature of a
doctrinal instrument.
Hooker.
Doc"tri*nal, n. A matter of doctrine;
also, a system of doctrines.
T. Goodwin. Sir T. Elyot.
Doc"tri*nal*ly, adv. In a doctrinal
manner or for; by way of teaching or positive direction.
Doc"tri*na"ri*an (?), n. A
doctrinaire.
J. H. Newman.
Doc`tri*na"ri*an*ism (?), n.
The principles or practices of the Doctrinaires.
Doc"trine (?), n. [F.
doctrine, L. doctrina, fr.
doctor. See Doctor.]
1. Teaching; instruction.
He taught them many things by parables, and said unto them in
his doctrine, Hearken.
Mark iv. 2.
2. That which is taught; what is held, put forth as
true, and supported by a teacher, a school, or a sect; a
principle or position, or the body of principles, in any branch
of knowledge; any tenet or dogma; a principle of faith; as,
the doctrine of atoms; the doctrine of
chances. \'bdThe doctrine of
gravitation.\'b8
I. Watts.
Articles of faith and doctrine.
Hooker.
The Monroe doctrine (Politics), a
policy enunciated by President Monroe (Message, Dec. 2, 1823),
the essential feature of which is that the United States will
regard as an unfriendly act any attempt on the part of European
powers to extend their systems on this continent, or any
interference to oppress, or in any manner control the destiny of,
governments whose independence had been acknowledged by the
United States.
Syn. -- Precept; tenet; principle; maxim; dogma.
-- Doctrine, Precept.
Doctrine denotes whatever is recommended as a
speculative truth to the belief of others. Precept is
a rule down to be obeyed. Doctrine supposes a teacher;
precept supposes a superior, with a right to command.
The doctrines of the Bible; the precepts of
our holy religion.
Unpracticed he to fawn or seek for power
By doctrines fashioned to the varying hour.
Goldsmith.
Doc"u*ment (?), n. [LL.
documentum, fr. docere to teach: cf. F.
document. See Docile.]
1. That which is taught or authoritatively set
forth; precept; instruction; dogma. [Obs.]
Learners should not be too much crowded with a heap or
multitude of documents or ideas at one time.
I. Watts.
2. An example for instruction or warning.
[Obs.]
They were forth with stoned to death, as a document
to others.
Sir W. Raleigh.
3. An original or official paper relied upon as the
basis, proof, or support of anything else; -- in its most
extended sense, including any writing, book, or other instrument
conveying information in the case; any material substance on
which the thoughts of men are represented by any species of
conventional mark or symbol.
Saint Luke . . . collected them from such documents
and testimonies as he . . . judged to be authentic.
Paley.
Doc"u*ment, v. t. 1. To teach;
to school. [Obs.]
I am finely documented by my own daughter.
Dryden.
2. To furnish with documents or papers necessary to
establish facts or give information; as, a a ship should be
documented according to the directions of
law.
Doc`u*men"tal (?), a. 1.
Of or pertaining to instruction. [Obs.]
Dr. H. More.
2. Of or pertaining to written evidence;
documentary; as, documental testimony.
Doc`u*men"ta*ry (?), a.
Pertaining to written evidence; contained or certified in
writing. \'bdDocumentary evidence.\'b8
Macaulay.
{ Dodd, Dod (?) }, v.
t. [OE. dodden.] To cut off, as
wool from sheep's tails; to lop or clip off.
Halliwell.
Dod"dart (?), n. A game much
like hockey, played in an open field; also, the, bent stick for
playing the game. [Local, Eng.]
Halliwell.
Dod"ded, a. [See Dodd.]
Without horns; as, dodded cattle; without
beards; as, dodded corn.
Halliwell.
Dod"der (?), n. [Cf. Dan.
dodder, Sw. dodra, G.
dotter.] (Bot.) A plant of the
genus Cuscuta. It is a leafless parasitical vine with
yellowish threadlike stems. It attaches itself to some other
plant, as to flax, goldenrod, etc., and decaying at the root. is
nourished by the plant that supports it.
Dod"der, v. t. & i. [Cf. AS.
dyderian to deceive, delude, and E. didder,
dudder.] To shake, tremble, or
totter. \'bdThe doddering mast.\'b8
Thomson.
Dod"dered (?), a. Shattered;
infirm. \'bdA laurel grew, doddered with
age.\'b8
Dryden.
Do*dec"a*gon (?), n. [Gr. /
twelve + / angle: cf. F. dod\'82cagone.]
(Geom.) A figure or polygon bounded by twelve
sides and containing twelve angles.
\'d8Do*dec`a*gyn"i*a (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / twelve + / woman, female.]
(Bot.) A Linn\'91an order of plants having twelve
styles.
{ Do*dec`a*gyn"i*an (?),
Do`de*cag"y*nous (?), } a.
(Bot.) Of or pertaining to the Dodecagynia;
having twelve styles.
Do*dec`a*he"dral (?), a.
Pertaining to, or like, a dodecahedion; consisting of twelve
equal sides.
Dodecahedral cleavage. See under
Cleavage.
Do*dec`a*he"dron (?), n. [Gr.
/; / twelve + / seat, bottom, base: cf. F.
dod\'82ca\'8adre.] (Geom. &
Crystallog.) A solid having twelve faces.
regular dodecahedron is bounded by
twelve equal and regular pentagons; the pyritohedron (see
Pyritohedron) is related to it; the rhombic
dodecahedron is bounded by twelve equal rhombic
faces.
\'d8Do`de*can"dri*a (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / twelve + /, /, man, male.]
(Bot.) A Linn\'91an class of plants including all
that have any number of stamens between twelve and
nineteen.
{ Do`de*can"dri*an (?),
Do`de*can"drous (?), } a.
(Bot.) Of or pertaining to the Dodecandria;
having twelve stamens, or from twelve to nineteen.
Do"de*cane (?), n. [Gr. /
twelve.] (Chem.) Any one of a group of
thick oily hydrocarbons, C12H26, of the paraffin
series.
Do*dec"a*style (?), a. [Gr. /
twelve + / column: cf. F. dod\'82castyle.]
(Arch.) Having twelve columns in front. --
n. A dodecastyle portico, or
building.
Do*dec`a*syl*lab"ic (?), a.
[Gr. / twelve + E. syllabic.] Having
twelve syllables.
Do*dec"a*syl`la*ble (?), n. A
word consisting of twelve syllables.
Do*dec`a*tem"o*ry (?), n. [Gr.
/; / twelve + /, dim. of / part: cf. F.
dod\'82cat\'82morie.] (Astron.)
A tern applied to the twelve houses, or parts, of the zodiac
of the primum mobile, to distinguish them from the
twelve signs; also, any one of the twelve signs of the
zodiac.
Dodge (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Dodged (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Dodging.]
[Of uncertain origin: cf. dodder, v.,
daddle, dade, or dog, v. t.]
1. To start suddenly aside, as to avoid a blow or a
missile; to shift place by a sudden start.
Milton.
2. To evade a duty by low craft; to practice mean
shifts; to use tricky devices; to play fast and loose; to
quibble.
Some dodging casuist with more craft than
sincerity.
Milton.
Dodge, v. t. 1. To evade by a
sudden shift of place; to escape by starting aside; as, to
dodge a blow aimed or a ball thrown.
2. Fig.: To evade by craft; as, to
dodge a question; to dodge
responsibility. [Colloq.]
S. G. Goodrich.
3. To follow by dodging, or suddenly shifting from
place to place.
Coleridge.
Dodge, n. The act of evading by some
skillful movement; a sudden starting aside; hence, an artful
device to evade, deceive, or cheat; a cunning trick; an
artifice. [Colloq.]
Some, who have a taste for good living, have many harmless
arts, by which they improve their banquet, and innocent
dodges, if we may be permitted to use an excellent
phrase that has become vernacular since the appearance of the
last dictionaries.
Thackeray.
Dodg"er (?), n. 1. One
who dodges or evades; one who plays fast and loose, or uses
tricky devices.
Smart.
2. A small handbill. [U. S.]
3. See Corndodger.
Dodg"er*y (?), n. trickery;
artifice. [Obs.]
Hacket.
{ Dod"i*pate (?), Dod"i*poll
(?), } n. [Perh. fr. OE.
dodden to cut off, to shear, and first applied to
shaven-polled priests.] A stupid person; a fool; a
blockhead.
Some will say, our curate is naught, an ass-head, a
dodipoll.
Latimer.
Dod"kin (?), n. [D.
duitken, dim. of duit. See Doit,
and cf. Doitkin.] A doit; a small coin.
Shelton.
Dod"man (?), n. 1. A
snail; also, a snail shell; a hodmandod. [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]
Nares.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any shellfish which casts
its shell, as a lobster. [Prov. Eng.]
Do"do (?), n.; pl.
Dodoes (#). [Said to be fr. Pg.
doudo silly, foolish (cf. Booby); this is fr.
Prov. E. dold, the same word as E.
dolt.] (Zo\'94l.) A large,
extinct bird (Didus ineptus), formerly inhabiting the
Island of Mauritius. It had short, half-fledged wings, like those
of the ostrich, and a short neck and legs; -- called also
dronte. It was related to the pigeons.
Doe (?), n. [AS.
d\'be; cf. Dan. daa, daa-dyr,
deer, and perh. L. dama. ///.]
(Zo\'94l.) A female deer or antelope;
specifically, the female of the fallow deer, of which the male is
called a buck. Also applied to the female of other
animals, as the rabbit. See the Note under Buck.
Doe (?), n. A feat.
[Obs.] See Do, n.
Hudibras.
D\'d2g"lic (?), a. Pertaining
to, or obtained from, the d\'d2gling; as, d\'d2glic
acid (Chem.), an oily substance resembling oleic
acid.
\'d8D\'d2g"ling (?), n. [Native
name in Faroe Islands.] (Zo\'94l.) The
beaked whale (Bal\'91noptera rostrata), from which
d\'d2gling oil is obtained.
Do"er (?), m. [From Do, v.
t. & i.]
1. One who does; one performs or executes; one who
is wont and ready to act; an actor; an agent.
The doers of the law shall be justified.
Rom. ii. 13.
2. (Scots Law) An agent or attorney; a
factor.
Burrill.
Does (?). The 3d pers. sing.
pres. of Do.
Doe"skin` (?), n. 1.
The skin of the doe.
2. A firm woolen cloth with a smooth, soft surface
like a doe's skin; -- made for men's wear.
Doff (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Doffed (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Doffing.]
[Do + off. See Do, v.
t., 7.]
1. To put off, as dress; to divest one's self of;
hence, figuratively, to put or thrust away; to rid one's self
of.
And made us doff our easy robes of peace.
Shak.
At night, or in the rain,
He dons a surcoat which he doffs at morn.
Emerson.
2. To strip; to divest; to undress.
Heaven's King, who doffs himself our flesh to
wear.
Crashaw.
Doff, v. i. To put off dress; to take
off the hat.
Doff"er (?), n. (Mach.)
A revolving cylinder, or a vibrating bar with teeth, in a
carding machine, which doffs, or strips off, the cotton from the
cards.
Ure.
Dog (?), n. [AS.
docga; akin to D. dog mastiff, Dan.
dogge, Sw. dogg.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A quadruped of the genus
Canis, esp. the domestic dog (C.
familiaris). The dog is distinguished above all
others of the inferior animals for intelligence, docility, and
attachment to man. There are numerous carefully bred varieties,
as the beagle, bloodhound, bulldog, coachdog, collie, Danish dog,
foxhound, greyhound, mastiff, pointer, poodle, St. Bernard,
setter, spaniel, spitz dog, terrier, etc. There are also many
mixed breeds, and partially domesticated varieties, as well as
wild dogs, like the dingo and dhole. (See these names in the
Vocabulary.)
2. A mean, worthless fellow; a wretch.
What is thy servant, which is but a dog, that he
should do this great thing?
2 Kings viii. 13 (Rev. Ver. )
3. A fellow; -- used humorously or contemptuously;
as, a sly dog; a lazy dog.
[Colloq.]
4. (Astron.) One of the two
constellations, Canis Major and Canis
Minor, or the Greater Dog and the Lesser Dog. Canis
Major contains the Dog Star (Sirius).
5. An iron for holding wood in a fireplace; a
firedog; an andiron.
6. (Mech.) (a) A grappling
iron, with a claw or claws, for fastening into wood or other
heavy articles, for the purpose of raising or moving them.
(b) An iron with fangs fastening a log in a saw
pit, or on the carriage of a sawmill. (c) A
piece in machinery acting as a catch or clutch; especially, the
carrier of a lathe, also, an adjustable stop to change motion, as
in a machine tool.
Dog is used adjectively or in
composition, commonly in the sense of relating to,
or characteristic of, a dog. It is also
used to denote a male; as, dog fox or
g-fox, a male fox; dog otter or
dog-otter, dog wolf, etc.; -- also to
denote a thing of cheap or mean quality; as,
dog Latin.
A dead dog, a thing of no use or value. 1
Sam. xxiv. 14. -- A dog in the manger,
an ugly-natured person who prevents others from enjoying what
would be an advantage to them but is none to him. --
Dog ape (Zo\'94l.), a male ape. --
Dog cabbage, Dog's
cabbage (Bot.), a succulent herb,
native to the Mediterranean region (Thelygonum
Cynocrambe). -- Dog cheap, very cheap.
See under Cheap. -- Dog ear
(Arch.), an acroterium.
[Colloq.] -- Dog flea
(Zo\'94l.), a species of flea (Pulex
canis) which infests dogs and cats, and is often
troublesome to man. In America it is the common flea. See
Flea, and Aphaniptera. -- Dog
grass (Bot.), a grass (Triticum
caninum) of the same genus as wheat. -- Dog
Latin, barbarous Latin; as, the dog Latin of
pharmacy. -- Dog lichen (Bot.), a
kind of lichen (Peltigera canina) growing on earth,
rocks, and tree trunks, -- a lobed expansion, dingy green above
and whitish with fuscous veins beneath. -- Dog
louse (Zo\'94l.), a louse that infests the
dog, esp. H\'91matopinus piliferus; another species is
Trichodectes latus. -- Dog power,
a machine operated by the weight of a dog traveling in a
drum, or on an endless track, as for churning. -- Dog
salmon (Zo\'94l.), a salmon of northwest
America and northern Asia; -- the gorbuscha;
-- called also holia, and
hone. -- Dog shark.
(Zo\'94l.) See Dogfish. --
Dog's meat, meat fit only for dogs; refuse;
offal. -- Dog Star. See in the
Vocabulary. -- Dog wheat (Bot.),
Dog grass. -- Dog whelk
(Zo\'94l.), any species of univalve shells of the
family Nassid\'91, esp. the Nassa
reticulata of England. -- To give, , to the dogs, to throw away as
useless. \'bdThrow physic to the dogs;
I'll none of it.\'b8 Shak. -- To go to the
dogs, to go to ruin; to be ruined.
<-- p. 442 -->
Dog (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Dogged (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Dogging.] To hunt or track
like a hound; to follow insidiously or indefatigably; to chase
with a dog or dogs; to worry, as if by dogs; to hound with
importunity.
I have been pursued, dogged, and waylaid.
Pope.
Your sins will dog you, pursue you.
Burroughs.
Eager ill-bred petitioners, who do not so properly supplicate
as hunt the person whom they address to, dogging him
from place to place, till they even extort an answer to their
rude requests.
South.
Do"gal (?), a. [LL.
dogalis for ducalis. See
Doge.] Of or pertaining to a
doge.[R.]
Do"gate (?), n. [Cf. F.
dogat, It. dogato. See Doge, and
cf. Dogeate.] The office or dignity of a
doge.
Dog"bane` (?), n. [Said to be
poisonous to dogs. Cf. Apocynaceous.]
(Bot.) A small genus of perennial herbaceous
plants, with poisonous milky juice, bearing slender pods pods in
pairs.
Dog" bee` (?). A male or drone bee.
Halliwell.
Dog"ber`ry (?), n. (Bot.)
The berry of the dogwood; -- called also
dogcherry.
Dr. Prior.
Dogberry tree (Bot.), the
dogwood.
Dog"bolt` (?), n. (Gun.)
The bolt of the cap-square over the trunnion of a
cannon.
Knight.
Dog"-bri`er (?), n.
(Bot.) The dog-rose.
Dog"cart` (?), n. A light
one-horse carriage, commonly two-wheeled, patterned after a cart.
The original dogcarts used in England by sportsmen had a box at
the back for carrying dogs.
{ Dog" day` Dog"day` (?)
}. One of the dog days.
Dogday cicada (Zo\'94l.), a large
American cicada (C. pruinosa), which trills loudly in
midsummer.
Dog" days` (?). A period of from four to
six weeks, in the summer, variously placed by almanac makers
between the early part of July and the early part of September;
canicular days; -- so called in reference to the rising in
ancient times of the Dog Star (Sirius) with the sun. Popularly,
the sultry, close part of the summer.
dog days is placed
on the 14th of July; that in a calendar prefixed to the Common
Prayer, printed in the time of Queen Elizabeth, they were said to
begin on the 6th of July and end on the 5th of September; that,
from the Restoration (1660) to the beginning of New Style (1752),
British almanacs placed the beginning on the 19th of July and the
end on the 28th of August; and that after 1752 the beginning was
put on the 30th of July, the end on the 7th of September.
Some English calendars now put the beginning on July 3d, and
the ending on August 11th. A popular American almanac of the
present time (1890) places the beginning on the 25th of July, and
the end on the 5th of September.
Dog"draw` (?), n. (Eng. Forest
Law) The act of drawing after, or pursuing, deer with
a dog.
Cowell.
Doge (?), n. [It
doge, dogio, for duce,
duca, fr. L. dux, ducis, a
leader, commander. See Duke.] The chief
magistrate in the republics of Venice and Genoa.
Dog"-eared` (?), a. Having the
corners of the leaves turned down and soiled by careless or
long-continued usage; -- said of a book.
Statute books before unopened, not dog-eared.
Ld. Mansfield.
Doge"ate (?), n. Dogate.
Wright.
Doge"less, a. Without a doge.
Byron.
Dog"-faced` (?), a. Having a
face resembling that of a dog.
Dog-faced baboon (Zo\'94l.), any
baboon of the genus Cynocephalus. See
Drill.
Dog" fan`cier (?). One who has an unusual
fancy for, or interest in, dogs; also, one who deals in
dogs.
Dog"fish` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.)
1. A small shark, of many species, of the genera
Mustelus, Scyllium, Spinax,
etc.
Scyllium
catudus, and S. canicula) are very abundant; the
American smooth, or blue dogfish is Mustelus canis;
the common picked, or horned dogfish (Squalus
acanthias) abundant on both sides of the Atlantic.
2. The bowfin (Amia calva). See
Bowfin.
3. The burbot of Lake Erie.
Dog"-fox` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) A male fox. See the
Note under Dog, n., 6. Sir W.
Scott. (b) The Arctic or blue fox; -- a name
also applied to species of the genus Cynalopex.
Dog"ged (?), a. [Fron.
Dog.]
1. Sullen; morose. [Obs. or R.]
The sulky spite of a temper naturally dogged.
Sir W. Scott.
2. Sullenly obstinate; obstinately determined or
persistent; as, dogged resolution; dogged
work.
Dog"ged*ly, adv. In a dogged manner;
sullenly; with obstinate resolution.
Dog"ged*ness, n. 1. Sullenness;
moroseness. [R.]
2. Sullen or obstinate determination; grim
resolution or persistence.
Dog"ger (?), n. [D., fr.
dogger codfish, orig. used in the catching of
codfish.] (Naut.) A two-masted fishing
vessel, used by the Dutch.
Dog"ger, n. A sort of stone, found in
the mines with the true alum rock, chiefly of silica and
iron.
Dog"ger*el (?), a. [OE.
dogerel.] Low in style, and irregular in
measure; as, doggerel rhymes.
This may well be rhyme doggerel, quod he.
Chaucer.
Dog"ger*el, n. A sort of loose or
irregular verse; mean or undignified poetry.
Doggerel like that of Hudibras.
Addison.
The ill-spelt lines of doggerel in which he
expressed his reverence for the brave sufferers.
Macaulay.
Dog"ger*man (?), n. A sailor
belonging to a dogger.
Dog"get (?), n. Docket. See
Docket. [Obs.]
Dog"gish (?), a. Like a dog;
having the bad qualities of a dog; churlish; growling;
brutal. -- Dog"*gish*ly,
adv. -- Dog"gish*ness,
n.
Dog"grel (?), a. & n. Same as
Doggerel.
Dog"-head`ed (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Having a head shaped like that of a
dog; -- said of certain baboons.
Dog"-heart`ed (?), a. Inhuman;
cruel.
Shak.
Dog"hole` (?), n. A place fit
only for dogs; a vile, mean habitation or apartment.
Dryden.
dog"-leg`ged (?), a.
(Arch) Noting a flight of stairs, consisting of
two or more straight portions connected by a platform (landing)
or platforms, and running in opposite directions without an
intervening wellhole.
Dog"ma (?), n.; pl. E.
Dogmas (#), L. Dogmata
(#). [L. dogma, Gr. /,
pl. /, fr. / to think, seem, appear;
akin to L. decet it is becoming. Cf.
Decent.]
1. That which is held as an opinion; a tenet; a
doctrine.
The obscure and loose dogmas of early
antiquity.
Whewell.
2. A formally stated and authoritatively settled
doctrine; a definite, established, and authoritative tenet.
3. A doctrinal notion asserted without regard to
evidence or truth; an arbitrary dictum.
Syn. -- tenet; opinion; proposition; doctrine.
-- Dogma, Tenet. A tenet is
that which is maintained as true with great firmness; as, the
tenets of our holy religion. A dogma is
that which is laid down with authority as indubitably true,
especially a religious doctrine; as, the dogmas of
the church. A tenet rests on its own intrinsic
merits or demerits; a dogma rests on authority
regarded as competent to decide and determine. Dogma
has in our language acquired, to some extent, a repulsive sense,
from its carrying with it the idea of undue authority or
assumption. this is more fully the case with its derivatives
dogmatical and dogmatism.
Dog*mat"ic (?), n. One of an
ancient sect of physicians who went by general principles; --
opposed to the Empiric.
{ Dog*mat"ic (?), Dog*mat`ic*al
(?), } a. [L.
dogmaticus, Gr. /, fr. /: cf. F.
dogmatique.]
1. Pertaining to a dogma, or to an established and
authorized doctrine or tenet.
2. Asserting a thing positively and
authoritatively; positive; magisterial; hence, arrogantly
authoritative; overbearing.
Critics write in a positive, dogmatic way.
Spectator.
[They] are as assertive and dogmatical as if they
were omniscient.
Glanvill.
Dogmatic theology. Same as
Dogmatics.
Syn. -- Magisterial; arrogant. See
Magisterial.
Dog*mat"ic*al*ly, adv. In a dogmatic
manner; positively; magisterially.
Dog*mat"ic*al*ness, n. The quality of
being dogmatical; positiveness.
Dog`ma*ti"cian (?), n. A
dogmatist.
Dog*mat"ics (?), n. The science
which treats of Christian doctrinal theology.
Dog"ma*tism (?), n. The manner
or character of a dogmatist; arrogance or positiveness in stating
opinion.
The self-importance of his demeanor, and the
dogmatism of his conversation.
Sir W. Scott.
Dog"ma*tist (?), n. [L.
dogmatistes, Gr. / , fr. /.] One who
dogmatizes; one who speaks dogmatically; a bold and arrogant
advancer of principles.
I expect but little success of all this upon the
dogmatist; his opinioned assurance is paramount to
argument.
Glanvill.
Dog"ma*tize (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Dogmatized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dogmatizing.] [L.
dogmatizare to lay down an opinion, Gr. /, fr. /:
cf. F. dogmatiser. See Dogma.] To
assert positively; to teach magisterially or with bold and undue
confidence; to advance with arrogance.
The pride of dogmatizing schools.
Blackmore.
Dog"ma*tize, v. t. To deliver as a
dogma. [R.]
Dog"ma*ti`zer (?), n. One who
dogmatizes; a bold asserter; a magisterial teacher.
Hammond.
Dog"-rose` (?), n. (Bot.)
A common European wild rose, with single pink or white
flowers.
Dog's"-bane` (?), n.
(Bot.) See Dogbane.
Dog's"-ear` (?), n. The corner
of a leaf, in a book, turned down like the ear of a dog.
Gray. -- Dog's"-eared` (#),
a.
Cowper.
Dog"ship (?), n. The character,
or individuality, of a dog.
Dog"shore` (?), n.
(Naut.) One of several shores used to hold a ship
firmly and prevent her moving while the blocks are knocked away
before launching.
Dog"sick` (?), a. Sick as a dog
sometimes is very sick. [Colloq.]
Dog"skin (?), n. The skin of a
dog, or leather made of the skin. Also used adjectively.
Dog"sleep` (?), n. 1.
Pretended sleep.
Addison.
2. (Naut.) The fitful naps taken when
all hands are kept up by stress.
Dog's"-tail grass` (?), n.
(Bot.) A hardy species of British grass
(Cynosurus cristatus) which abounds in grass lands,
and is well suited for making straw plait; -- called also
goldseed.
Dog" Star` (?). Sirius, a star of the
constellation Canis Major, or the Greater Dog, and the
brightest star in the heavens; -- called also
Canicula, and, in astronomical charts,
. See Dog
days.
Dog's"-tongue` (?), n.
(Bot.) Hound's-tongue.
Dog"tie` (?), n. (Arch.)
A cramp.
Dog"tooth` (?), n.; pl.
Dogteeth (/).
1. See Canine tooth, under
Canine.
2. (Arch.) An ornament common in Gothic
architecture, consisting of pointed projections resembling teeth;
-- also called tooth ornament.
Dogtooth spar (Min.), a variety of
calcite, in acute crystals, resembling the tooth of a dog. See
Calcite. -- Dogtooth violet
(Bot.), a small, bulbous herb of the Lily family
(genus Erythronium). It has two shining flat leaves
and commonly one large flower. [Written also
dog's-tooth violet.]
Dog"trick` (?), n. A gentle
trot, like that of a dog.
Dog"vane` (?), n. (Naut.)
A small vane of bunting, feathers, or any other light
material, carried at the masthead to indicate the direction of
the wind.
Totten.
Dog"watch` (?), n.
(Naut.) A half watch; a watch of two hours, of
which there are two, the first dogwatch from 4 to 6
o'clock, p.m., and the second dogwatch from 6 to 8
o'clock, P. M.
Totten.
Dog"-wea`ry (?), a. Extremely
weary.
Shak.
Dog"wood` (?), n. [So named
from skewers (dags) being made of it. Dr.
Prior. See Dag, and Dagger.]
(Bot.) The Cornus, a genus of large
shrubs or small trees, the wood of which is exceedingly hard, and
serviceable for many purposes.
Cornus
mascula, called also cornelian cherry, bears
a red acid berry. C. florida is the flowering dogwood,
a small American tree with very showy blossoms.
Dogwood tree. (a) The dogwood or
Cornus. (b) A papilionaceous tree
(Piscidia erythring) growing in Jamaica. It has
narcotic properties; -- called also Jamaica
dogwood.
Doh"tren (?), n. pl.
Daughters. [Obs.]
Doi"ly (?), n. [So called from
the name of the dealer.]
1. A kind of woolen stuff.
[Obs.] \'bdSome doily petticoats.\'b8
Dryden.
A fool and a doily stuff, would now and then find
days of grace, and be worn for variety.
Congreve.
2. A small napkin, used at table with the fruit,
etc.; -- commonly colored and fringed.
Do"ing (?), n.; pl.
Doings (/). Anything done; a
deed; an action good or bad; hence, in the plural, conduct;
behavior. See Do.
To render an account of his doings.
Barrow.
Doit (?), n. [D.
duit, Icel. pveit, prop., a piece cut off.
See Thwaite a piece of ground, Thwite.]
1. A small Dutch coin, worth about half a farthing;
also, a similar small coin once used in Scotland; hence, any
small piece of money.
Shak.
2. A thing of small value; as, I care not a
doit.
Doit"kin (?), n. A very small
coin; a doit.
Dok`i*mas"tic (?), a.
Docimastic.
\'d8Do"ko (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) See Lepidosiren.
\'d8Do*la"bra (?), n. [L., fr.
dolare to hew.] A rude ancient ax or
hatchet, seen in museums.
Do*lab"ri*form (?), a. [L.
dolabra a mattock + -form.]
Shaped like the head of an ax or hatchet, as some leaves,
and also certain organs of some shellfish.
{ \'d8Dol"ce (?), Dol`ce*men"te
(?), } adv. [It., fr. L.
dulcis sweet, soft.] (Mus.)
Softly; sweetly; with soft, smooth, and delicate
execution.
\'d8Dol*ci"no (?), \'d8Dul*ci"no (/), n.
[Cf. It. dolcigno sweetish.]
(Mus.) A small bassoon, formerly much used.
Simmonds.
Dol"drums, n. pl. [Cf. Gael.
doltrum grief, vexation?] A part of the
ocean near the equator, abounding in calms, squalls, and light,
baffling winds, which sometimes prevent all progress for weeks;
-- so called by sailors.
To be in the doldrums, to be in a state of
listlessness ennui, or tedium.
Dole (?), n. [OE.
deol, doel, dol, OF.
doel, fr. doloir to suffer, fr. L.
dolere; perh. akin to dolare to hew.]
grief; sorrow; lamentation. [Archaic]
And she died.
So that day there was dole in Astolat.
Tennyson.
Dole, n. [L. dolus: cf. F.
dol.] (Scots Law) See
Dolus.
Dole, n. [AS. d\'bel portion;
same word as d/l. See Deal.]
1. Distribution; dealing; apportionment.
At her general dole,
Each receives his ancient soul.
Cleveland.
2. That which is dealt out; a part, share, or
portion also, a scanty share or allowance.
<-- p. 443 -->
3. Alms; charitable gratuity or portion.
So sure the dole, so ready at their call,
They stood prepared to see the manna fall.
Dryden.
Heaven has in store a precious dole.
Keble.
4. A boundary; a landmark.
Halliwell.
5. A void space left in tillage.
[Prov. Eng.]
Dole beer, beer bestowed as alms.
[Obs.] -- Dole bread, bread bestowed
as alms. [Obs.] -- Dole meadow,
a meadow in which several persons have a common right or
share.
Dole (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Doled (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Doling.] To
deal out in small portions; to distribute, as a dole; to deal out
scantily or grudgingly.
The supercilious condescension with which even his reputed
friends doled out their praises to him.
De Quincey.
Dole"ful (?), a. Full of dole
or grief; expressing or exciting sorrow; sorrowful; sad;
dismal.
With screwed face and doleful whine.
South.
Regions of sorrow, doleful shades.
Milton.
Syn. -- Piteous; rueful; sorrowful; woeful; melancholy; sad
gloomy; dismal; dolorous; woe-begone.
- Dole"ful*ly, adv. --
Dole"ful*ness, n.
Do"lent (?), a. [L.
dolens, p. pr. of dolere: cf. F.
dolent. See Dole sorrow.]
Sorrowful. [Obs.]
Ford.
\'d8Do*len"te (?), a. & adv.
[It.] (Mus.) Plaintively. See
Doloroso.
Dol"er*ite (?), n. [Gr. /
deceitful; because it was easily confounded with diorite.]
(Geol. & Min.) A dark-colored, basic, igneous
rock, composed essentially of pyroxene and a triclinic feldspar
with magnetic iron. By many authors it is considered equivalent
to a coarse-grained basalt.
Dol`er*it"ic (?), a. Of the
nature of dolerite; as, much lava is doleritic
lava.
Dana.
Dole"some, a. Doleful; dismal; gloomy;
sorrowful. -- Dole"some*ly,
adv. -- Dole"some*ness,
n.
Dolf (?), imp. of
Delve. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
{ Dol`i*cho*ce*phal"ic (?),
Dol`i*cho*ceph"a*lous (?), }
a. [Gr. / long + / head.]
(Anat.) Having the cranium, or skull, long to its
breadth; long-headed; -- opposed to
brachycephalic. --
Dol`i*cho*ceph"al (#), a.
& n.
{ Dol`i*cho*ceph"a*ly (?),
Dol`i*cho*ceph"a*lism (?) },
n. [Cf. F. dolichc\'82phalie.]
The quality or condition of being dolichocephalic.
Do"li*o*form (?), a. [L.
dolium large jar + -form.]
(Biol.) Barrel-shaped, or like a cask in
form.
\'d8Do*li"o*lum (?), n. [L.
doliolum a small cask.] (Zo\'94l.)
A genus of freeswimming oceanic tunicates, allied to
Salpa, and having alternate generations.
Do"-lit`tle (?), n. One who
performs little though professing much.
[Colloq.]
Great talkers are commonly dolittles.
Bp. Richardson.
\'d8Do"li*um (?), n. [L. large
jar.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of large univalve
mollusks, including the partridge shell and tun shells.
Doll (?), n. [A contraction of
Dorothy; or less prob. an abbreviation of
idol; or cf. OD. dol a whipping top, D.
dollen to rave, and E. dull.] A
child's puppet; a toy baby for a little girl.
Dol"lar (?), n. [D.
daalder, LG. dahler, G. thaler,
an abbreviation of Joachimsthaler, i. e., a piece of
money first coined, about the year 1518, in the valley (G.
thal) of St. Joachim, in Bohemia. See
Dale.]
1. (a) A silver coin of the United States
containing 371.25 grains of silver and 41.25 grains of alloy,
that is, having a total weight of 412.5 grains.
(b) A gold coin of the United States containing
23.22 grains of gold and 2.58 grains of alloy, that is, having a
total weight of 25.8 grains, nine-tenths fine. It is no longer
coined.
2. A coin of the same general weight and value,
though differing slightly in different countries, current in
Mexico, Canada, parts of South America, also in Spain, and
several other European countries.
3. The value of a dollar; the unit commonly
employed in the United States in reckoning money values.
Chop dollar. See under 9th Chop.
-- Dollar fish (Zo\'94l.), a fish of
the United States coast (Stromateus triacanthus),
having a flat, roundish form and a bright silvery luster; --
called also butterfish, and
Lafayette. See Butterfish. --
Trade dollar, a silver coin formerly made at the
United States mint, intended for export, and not legal tender at
home. It contained 378 grains of silver and 42 grains of
alloy.
<-- dollar bill. A paper note printed by the Treasury, or by on
of the Federal Reserve Banks under authority of the treasury,
having the value of one dollar. Five dollar bill, ten dollar
bill, etc. Notes with the value of five, ten, etc. dollars. See
dolar bill. Prior to 1964 such notes could be redemed for the
equivalent dollar value of silver coins, but in that year the
backing of the currency with silver was discontinued. Such notes
not convertible into precious metals at a fixed rate are called
"fiat money", receiving their value solely from the good faith of
the issuing government. -->
Dol`lar*dee" (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) A species of sunfish (Lepomis
pallidus), common in the United States; -- called also
blue sunfish, and copper-nosed
bream.
Doll"man (?), n. See
Dolman.
Dol"ly (?), n.; pl.
Dollies (/). 1.
(Mining) A contrivance, turning on a vertical
axis by a handle or winch, and giving a circular motion to the
ore to be washed; a stirrer.
2. (Mach.) A tool with an indented head
for shaping the head of a rivet.
Knight.
3. In pile driving, a block interposed between the
head of the pile and the ram of the driver.
4. A small truck with a single wide roller used for
moving heavy beams, columns, etc., in bridge building.
5. A compact, narrow-gauge locomotive used for
moving construction trains, switching, etc.
Dol"ly (?), n. A child's mane
for a doll.
Dolly shop, a shop where rags, old junk, etc.,
are bought and sold; usually, in fact, an unlicensed pawnbroker's
shop, formerly distinguished by the sign of a black doll.
[England]
Dol"ly Var"den (?). 1. A
character in Dickens's novel \'bdBarnaby Rudge,\'b8 a beautiful,
lively, and coquettish girl who wore a cherry-colored mantle and
cherry-colored ribbons.
2. A style of light, bright-figured dress goods for
women; also, a style of dress.
Dolly Varden trout (Zo\'94l.), a
trout of northwest America; -- called also bull
trout, malma, and
red-spotted trout. See
Malma.
Dol"man (?), n. [Turk.
d/l\'bem\'ben: cf. F. doliman.]
1. A long robe or outer garment, with long sleeves,
worn by the Turks. [Written also
doliman.]
2. A cloak of a peculiar fashion worn by
women.
Dol"men (?), n. [Armor.
taol, tol, table + mean,
maen, men, stone: cf. F.
dolmen.] A cromlech. See
Cromlech. [Written also
tolmen.]
Dol"o*mite (?), n. [After the
French geologist Dolomieu.] (Geol. &
Min.) A mineral consisting of the carbonate of lime
and magnesia in varying proportions. It occurs in distinct
crystals, and in extensive beds as a compact limestone, often
crystalline granular, either white or clouded. It includes much
of the common white marble. Also called bitter
spar.
Dol`o*mit"ic (?), a. Pertaining
to dolomite.
Dol"o*mize (?), v. t. To
convert into dolomite. --
Dol`o*mi*za"tion (#),
n.
Do"lor (?), n. [OE.
dolor, dolur, dolour, F.
douleur, L. dolor, fr. dolere.
See 1st Dole.] Pain; grief; distress;
anguish. [Written also dolour.]
[Poetic]
Of death and dolor telling sad tidings.
Spenser.
Dol`or*if"er*ous (?), a. [L.
dolor pain + -ferous.] Producing
pain.
Whitaker.
{ Dol`or*if"ic (?),
Dol`or*if"ic*al (?), } a.
[LL. dolorificus; L. dolor pain +
facere to make.] Causing pain or
grief.
Arbuthnot.
\'d8Do`lo*ro"so (?), a. & adv.
[It.] (Mus.) Plaintive; pathetic; --
used adverbially as a musical direction.
Dol"or*ous (?), a. [L.
dolorosus, from dolor: cf. F.
douloureux. See Dolor.] 1.
Full of grief; sad; sorrowful; doleful; dismal; as, a
dolorous object; dolorous
discourses.
You take me in too dolorous a sense;
I spake to you for your comfort.
Shak.
2. Occasioning pain or grief; painful.
Their dispatch is quick, and less dolorous than the
paw of the bear or teeth of the lion.
Dr. H. More.
-- Dol"or*ous*ly, adv. --
Dol"or*ous*ness, n.
Dol"phin (?), n. [F.
dauphin dolphin, dauphin, earlier spelt also
doffin; cf. OF. dalphinal of the dauphin;
fr. L. delphinus, Gr. / a dolphin (in senses 1, 2, &
5), perh. properly, belly fish; cf. / womb, Skr.
garbha; perh. akin to E. calf. Cf.
Dauphin, Delphine.]
1. (Zool.) (a) A cetacean of
the genus Delphinus and allied genera (esp. D.
delphis); the true dolphin. (b) The
Coryph\'91na hippuris, a fish of about five feet in
length, celebrated for its surprising changes of color when
dying. It is the fish commonly known as the dolphin. See
Coryph\'91noid.
D. delphis)
is common in the Mediterranean and Atlantic, and attains a length
of from six to eight feet.
2. [Gr. /] (Gr. Antiq.) A
mass of iron or lead hung from the yardarm, in readiness to be
dropped on the deck of an enemy's vessel.
3. (Naut.) (a) A kind of wreath
or strap of plaited cordage. (b) A spar or
buoy held by an anchor and furnished with a ring to which ships
may fasten their cables. R. H. Dana. (c)
A mooring post on a wharf or beach. (d)
A permanent fender around a heavy boat just below the
gunwale.
Ham. Nav. Encyc.
4. (Gun.) In old ordnance, one of the
handles above the trunnions by which the gun was lifted.
5. (Astron.) A small constellation
between Aquila and Pegasus. See Delphinus,
n., 2.
Dolphin fly (Zo\'94l.), the black,
bean, or collier, Aphis (Aphis fable), destructive to
beans. -- Dolphin striker (Naut.),
a short vertical spar under the bowsprit.
Dol"phin*et (?), n. A female
dolphin. [R.]
Spenser.
Dolt (?), n. [OE.
dulte, prop. p. p. of dullen to dull. See
Dull.] A heavy, stupid fellow; a blockhead; a
numskull; an ignoramus; a dunce; a dullard.
This Puck seems but a dreaming dolt.
Drayton.
Dolt, v. i. To behave foolishly.
[Obs.]
Dolt"ish, a. Doltlike; dull in
intellect; stupid; blockish; as, a doltish
clown. -- Dolt"ish*ly,
adv. -- Dolt"ish*ness,
n.
\'d8Do"lus (?), n. [L., deceit;
akin to Gr. /.] (Law) Evil intent,
embracing both malice and fraud. See Culpa.
Wharton.
Dolv"en (?), p. p. of
Delve. [Obs.]
Rom. of R.
-dom (/). A suffix denoting:
(a) Jurisdiction or property and
jurisdiction, dominion, as in kingdom
earldom. (b) State,
condition, or quality of being, as in
wisdom, freedom. It is from the
same root as doom meaning authority and
judgment. /. See Doom.
Dom (?), n. [Pg. See
Don.]
1. A title anciently given to the pope, and later
to other church dignitaries and some monastic orders. See
Don, and Dan.
2. In Portugal and Brazil, the title given to a
member of the higher classes.
Dom"a*ble (?), a. [L.
domabilis, fr. domare to tame.]
Capable of being tamed; tamable.
Dom"a*ble*ness, n. Tamableness.
Dom"age (?), n. [See
Damage.] 1. Damage; hurt.
[Obs.]
Chapman.
2. Subjugation. [Obs.]
Hobbes.
Do*main" (?), n. [F.
domaine, OF. demaine, L.
dominium, property, right of ownership, fr.
dominus master, owner. See Dame, and cf
Demesne, Dungeon.]
1. Dominion; empire; authority.
2. The territory over which dominion or authority
is exerted; the possessions of a sovereign or commonwealth, or
the like. Also used figuratively.
The domain of authentic history.
E. Everett.
The domain over which the poetic spirit ranges.
J. C. Shairp.
3. Landed property; estate; especially, the land
about the mansion house of a lord, and in his immediate
occupancy; demesne.
Shenstone.
4. (Law) Ownership of land; an estate or
patrimony which one has in his own right; absolute
proprietorship; paramount or sovereign ownership.
Public domain, the territory belonging to a
State or to the general government; public lands.
[U.S.]<-- 2. the situation (status) of intellectual
property which is not protected by copyright, patent or other
restriction on use. Anything in the public domain may
be used by anyone wihout restriction. --> -- Right of
eminent domain, that superior dominion of the
sovereign power over all the property within the state, including
that previously granted by itself, which authorizes it to
appropriate any part thereof to a necessary public use,
reasonable compensation being made.
Do"mal (?), a. [L.
domus house.] (Astrol.)
Pertaining to a house.
Addison.
Do*ma"ni*al (?), a. Of or
relating to a domain or to domains.
Dome, n. [F. d\'93me, It.
duomo, fr. L. domus a house, domus
Dei or Domini, house of the Lord, house of God;
akin to Gr. / house, / to build, and E. timber.
See Timber.]
1. A building; a house; an edifice; -- used chiefly
in poetry.
Approach the dome, the social banquet share.
Pope.
2. (Arch.) A cupola formed on a large
scale.
il duomo
to the principal church of a city, and the Germans call every
cathedral church Dom; and it is supposed that the word
in its present English sense has crept into use from the
circumstance of such buildings being frequently surmounted by a
cupola.\'b8
Am. Cyc.
3. Any erection resembling the dome or cupola of a
building; as the upper part of a furnace, the vertical steam
chamber on the top of a boiler, etc.
4. (Crystallog.) A prism formed by
planes parallel to a lateral axis which meet above in a
horizontal edge, like the roof of a house; also, one of the
planes of such a form.
macrodome; if parallel to the shorter
(brachydiagonal), it is a brachydome; if parallel to
the inclined diagonal in a monoclinic crystal, it is called a
clinodome; if parallel to the orthodiagonal axis, an
orthodome.
Dana.
Dome, n. [See Doom.]
Decision; judgment; opinion; a court decision.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dome"book` (?), n.
[Dome doom + book.] (O.
Eng. Law) A book said to have been compiled under the
direction of King Alfred. It is supposed to have contained the
principal maxims of the common law, the penalties for
misdemeanors, and the forms of judicial proceedings.
Domebook was probably a general name for book of
judgments.
Burrill.
Domed (?), a. Furnished with a
dome; shaped like a dome.
Domes"day` (?), n. A day of
judgment. See Doomsday. [Obs.]
Domesday Book, the ancient record of the
survey of most of the lands of England, made by order of William
the Conqueror, about 1086. It consists of two volumes, a large
folio and a quarto, and gives the proprietors' tenures, arable
land, woodland, etc. [Written also Doomsday
Book.]
Domes"man (?), n.; pl.
Domesmen (#). [See
Doom.] A judge; an umpire.
[Obs.]
Do*mes"tic (?), a. [L.
domesticus, fr. domus use: cf. F.
domestique. See 1st Dome.]
1. Of or pertaining to one's house or home, or
one's household or family; relating to home life; as,
domestic concerns, life, duties, cares, happiness,
worship, servants.
His fortitude is the more extraordinary, because his
domestic feelings were unusually strong.
Macaulay.
4. Of or pertaining to a nation considered as a
family or home, or to one's own country; intestine; not foreign;
as, foreign wars and domestic
dissensions.
Shak.
3. Remaining much at home; devoted to home duties
or pleasures; as, a domestic man or
woman.
4. Living in or near the habitations of man;
domesticated; tame as distinguished from wild; as,
domestic animals.
5. Made in one's own house, nation, or country;
as, domestic manufactures, wines, etc.
Do*mes"tic, n. 1. One who lives
in the family of an other, as hired household assistant; a house
servant.
The master labors and leads an anxious life, to secure plenty
and ease to the domestic.
V. Knox.
2. pl. (Com.) Articles of
home manufacture, especially cotton goods. [U.
S.]
<-- p. 444 -->
Do*mes"tic*al (?), a.
Domestic. [Obs.]
Our private and domestical matter.
Sir. P. Sidney.
Do*mes"tic*al, n. A family; a
household. [Obs.]
Do*mes"tic*al*ly, adv. In a domestic
manner; privately; with reference to domestic affairs.
Do*mes"ti*cant (?), a. Forming
part of the same family. [Obs.]
Sir E. Dering.
Do*mes"ti*cate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Domesticated;
p. pr. & vb. n. Domesticating.]
[LL. domesticatus, p. p. of
domesticare to reside in, to tame. See
Domestic, a.] 1. To make
domestic; to habituate to home life; as, to
domesticate one's self.
2. To cause to be, as it were, of one's family or
country; as, to domesticate a foreign custom or
word.
3. To tame or reclaim from a wild state; as, to
domesticate wild animals; to domesticate a
plant.
Do*mes`ti*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf.
F. domestication.] The act of
domesticating, or accustoming to home; the action of taming wild
animals.
Do*mes"ti*ca`tor (?), n. One
who domesticates.
Do`mes*tic"i*ty (?), n. [LL.
domesticitas: cf. F. domesticit\'82.]
The state of being domestic; domestic character; household
life.
Dom"ett (?), n. A kind of baize
of which the ward is cotton and the weft woolen.
Blakely.
Do"mey*kite (?), n. [Named
after Domeyko, a mineralogist of Chili.]
(Min.) A massive mineral of tin-white or
steel-gray color, an arsenide of copper.
Dom"i*cal (?), a. Relating to,
or shaped like, a dome.
Dom"i*cile (?), n. [L.
domicilium; domus house + (prob.) root of
celare to conceal: cf. F. domicile. See
Dome, and Conceal.]
1. An abode or mansion; a place of permanent
residence, either of an individual or a family.
2. (Law) A residence at a particular
place accompanied with an intention to remain there for an
unlimited time; a residence accepted as a final abode.
Wharton.
Dom"i*cile, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Domiciled (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Domiciling.] [Cf. F.
domicilier. Cf. Domiciliate.] To
establish in a fixed residence, or a residence that constitutes
habitancy; to domiciliate.
Kent.
Dom`i*cil"i*ar (?), n. A member
of a household; a domestic.
Dom`i*cil"l*a*ry (?), a. [LL.
domiciliarius.] Of or pertaining to a
domicile, or the residence of a person or family.
The personal and domiciliary rights of the citizen
scrupulously guarded.
Motley.
Domiciliary visit (Law), a visit to
a private dwelling, particularly for searching it, under
authority.
Dom`i*cil"i*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Domiciliated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Domiciliating
(?).] [See Domicile.]
1. To establish in a permanent residence; to
domicile.
2. To domesticate.
Pownall.
Dom`i*cil`i*a"tion (?), n. The
act of domiciliating; permanent residence; inhabitancy.
Milman.
Dom"i*cul`ture (?; 135), n. [L.
domus house + E. culture. See 1st
Dome.] The art of house-keeping, cookery,
etc. [R.]
R. Park.
Dom"i*fy (?), v. t. [L.
domus + -fy: cf. F. domifier.]
1. (Astrol.) To divide, as the heavens,
into twelve houses. See House, in astrological
sense. [Obs.]
2. To tame; to domesticate.
[Obs.]
Johnson.
\'d8Dom"i*na (?), n. [L., lady.
See Dame.] (O. Eng. Law) Lady; a
lady; -- a title formerly given to noble ladies who held a barony
in their own right.
Burrill.
{ Dom"i*nance (?), Dom"i*nan*cy
(?), } n. Predominance;
ascendency; authority.
Dom"i*nant (?), a. [L.
dominans, -antis, p. pr. of
dominari: cf. F. dominant. See
Dominate.] Ruling; governing; prevailing;
controlling; predominant; as, the dominant party,
church, spirit, power.
The member of a dominant race is, in his dealings
with the subject race, seldom indeed fraudulent, . . . but
imperious, insolent, and cruel.
Macaulay.
Dominant estate tenement (Law), the estate to
which a servitude or easement is due from another estate, the
estate over which the servitude extends being called the
servient estate or tenement. Bouvier.
Wharton's Law Dict. -- Dominant owner
(Law), one who owns lands on which there is an
easement owned by another.
Syn. -- Governing; ruling; controlling; prevailing;
predominant; ascendant.
Dom"i*nant, n. (Mus.) The
fifth tone of the scale; thus G is the dominant of C, A of D, and
so on.
Dominant chord (Mus.), the chord
based upon the dominant.
Dom"i*nate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dominated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Dominating.] [L.
dominatus, p. p. of dominari to dominate,
fr. dominus master, lord. See Dame, and cf.
Domineer.] To predominate over; to rule; to
govern. \'bdA city dominated by the ax.\'b8
Dickens.
We everywhere meet with Slavonian nations either dominant or
dominated.
W. Tooke.
Dom"i*nate, v. i. To be dominant.
Hallam.
Dom`i*na"tion (?), n. [F.
domination, L. dominatio.]
1. The act of dominating; exercise of power in
ruling; dominion; supremacy; authority; often, arbitrary or
insolent sway.
In such a people, the haugtiness of domination
combines with the spirit of freedom.
Burke.
2. A ruling party; a party in power.
[R.]
Burke.
3. pl. A high order of angels in the
celestial hierarchy; -- a meaning given by the schoolmen.
Thrones, dominations, princedoms, virtues,
powers.
Milton.
Dom"i*na*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
dominatif.] Governing; ruling;
imperious.
Sir E. Sandys.
Dom"i*na`tor (?), n. [L.]
A ruler or ruling power. \'bdSole dominator
of Navarre.\'b8
Shak.
Jupiter and Mars are dominators for this northwest
part of the world.
Camden.
Dom"i*ne (?), n. [See
Dominie.]
1. A name given to a pastor of the Reformed Church.
The word is also applied locally in the United States, in
colloquial speech, to any clergyman.
2. [From Sp. domine a
schoolmaster.] (Zo\'94l.) A West Indian
fish (Epinula magistralis), of the family
Trichiurid\'91. It is a long-bodied, voracious
fish.
Dom`i*neer" (?), v. i. & t.
[imp. & p. p. Domineered
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Domineering.] [F. dominer,
L. dominari: cf. OD. domineren to feast
luxuriously. See Dominate, v. t.]
To rule with insolence or arbitrary sway; to play the
master; to be overbearing; to tyrannize; to bluster; to swell
with conscious superiority or haughtiness; -- often with
over; as, to domineer over
dependents.
Go to the feast, revel and domineer.
Shak.
His wishes tend abroad to roam,
And hers to domineer at home.
Prior.
Dom`i*neer"ing, a. Ruling arrogantly;
overbearing.
A violent, brutal, domineering old reprobate.
Blackw. Mag.
Syn. -- Haughty; overbearing; lordly. See
Imperious. --
Dom`i*neer"ing*ly,
adv.
Do*min"ic*al (?), a. [LL.
dominicalis, for L. dominicus belonging to
a master or lord (dominica dies the Lord's day), fr.
dominus master or lord: cf. F. dominical.
See Dame.]
1. Indicating, or pertaining to, the Lord's day, or
Sunday.
2. Relating to, or given by, our Lord; as, the
dominical (or Lord's) prayer.
Howell.
Some words altered in the dominical Gospels.
Fuller.
Dominical altar (Eccl.), the high
altar. -- Dominical letter, the letter which,
in almanacs, denotes Sunday, or the Lord's day (dies
Domini). The first seven letters of the alphabet are used
for this purpose, the same letter standing for Sunday during a
whole year (except in leap year, when the letter is changed at
the end of February). After twenty-eight years the same letters
return in the same order. The dominical letters go backwards one
day every common year, and two every leap year; e. g.,
if the dominical letter of a common year be G, F will be the
dominical letter for the next year. Called also Sunday
letter. Cf. Solar cycle, under
Cycle, n.
Do*min"ic*al, n. The Lord's day or
Sunday; also, the Lord's prayer. [Obs.]
Do*min"i*can (?), a. [NL.
Dominicanus, fr. Dominicus,
Dominic, the founder: cf. F.
Dominicain.] Of or pertaining to St.
Dominic (Dominic de Guzman), or to the religions communities
named from him.
Dominican nuns, an order of nuns founded by
St. Dominic, and chiefly employed in teaching. --
Dominican tertiaries (the third order of St. Dominic).
See Tertiary.
Do*min"i*can, n. (Eccl. Hist.)
One of an order of mendicant monks founded by Dominic de
Guzman, in 1215. A province of the order was established in
England in 1221. The first foundation in the United States was
made in 1807. The Master of the Sacred Palace at Rome is always a
Dominican friar. The Dominicans are called also
preaching friars, friars
preachers, black friars (from their
black cloak), brothers of St. Mary, and in
France, Jacobins.
Do*min"i*cide (?), n. [L.
dominus master + caedere to cut down,
kill.]
1. The act of killing a master.
2. One who kills his master.
Dom"i*nie (?), n. [L.
dominus master. See Don,
Dame.]
1. A schoolmaster; a pedagogue.
[Scot.]
This was Abel Sampson, commonly called, from occupation as a
pedagogue, Dominie Sampson.
Sir W. Scott.
2. A clergyman. See Domine,
1. [Scot. & Colloq. U. S.]
Do*min"ion (?), n. [LL.
dominio, equiv. to L. dominium. See
Domain, Dungeon.]
1. Sovereign or supreme authority; the power of
governing and controlling; independent right of possession, use,
and control; sovereignty; supremacy.
I praised and honored him that liveth forever, whose
dominion is an everlasting dominion.
Dan. iv. 34.
To choose between dominion or slavery.
Jowett (Thucyd. ).
2. Superior prominence; predominance;
ascendency.
Objects placed foremost ought . . . have dominion
over things confused and transient.
Dryden.
3. That which is governed; territory over which
authority is exercised; the tract, district, or county,
considered as subject; as, the dominions
of a king. Also used figuratively; as, the
dominion of the passions.
4. pl. A supposed high order of
angels; dominations. See Domination, 3.
Milton.
By him were all things created . . . whether they be thrones,
or dominions, or principalities, or powers.
Col. i. 16.
Syn. -- Sovereignty; control; rule; authority; jurisdiction;
government; territory; district; region.
Dom"i*no (?), n.; pl.
Dominos or (esp. the pieces for a game)
Dominoes (#). [F.
domino, or It. domin\'95, or Sp.
domin\'a2, fr. L. dominus master. The
domino was orig. a hood worn by the canons of a
cathedral. See Don, Dame.]
1. A kind of hood worn by the canons of a cathedral
church; a sort of amice.
Kersey.
2. A mourning veil formerly worn by women.
3. A kind of mask; particularly, a half mask worn
at masquerades, to conceal the upper part of the face. Dominos
were formerly worn by ladies in traveling.
4. A costume worn as a disguise at masquerades,
consisting of a robe with a hood adjustable at pleasure.
5. A person wearing a domino.
6. pl. A game played by two or more
persons, with twenty-eight pieces of wood, bone, or ivory, of a
flat, oblong shape, plain at the back, but on the face divided by
a line in the middle, and either left blank or variously dotted
after the manner of dice. The game is played by matching the
spots or the blank of an unmatched half of a domino already
played
Hoyle.
7. One of the pieces with which the game of
dominoes is played.
Hoyle.
<-- fall like dominoes. To fall sequentially, as
when one object in a line, by falling against the next object,
causes it in turn to fall, and that second object causes a third
to fall, etc.; the process can be repeated an indefinite number
of times.
Derived from an entertainment using dominoes arranged in a
row, each standing on edge and therefore easily knocked over;
when the first is made to fall against the next, it starts a
sequence which ends when all have fallen. For amusement, people
have arranged such sequences involving thousands of dominoes,
arrayed in fanciful patterns.
Domino theory. A political theory current in the
1960's, according to which the conversion of one country in South
Asia to communism will start a sequential process causing all
Asian countries to convert to Communism. The apparent assumption
was that an Asian country with a Western orientation was as
politically unstable as a domino standing on edge. Used by some
as a justification for American involvement in the Vietnam war,
1964-1972. -->
\'d8Dom"i*nus (?), n.; pl.
Domini (#). [L., master. See
Dame.] Master; sir; -- a title of respect
formerly applied to a knight or a clergyman, and sometimes to the
lord of a manor.
Cowell.
Dom"i*ta*ble (?), a. [L.
domitare to tame, fr. domare.]
That can be tamed. [R.]
Sir M. Hale.
Do"mite (?), n. (Min.)
A grayish variety of trachyte; -- so called from the
Puy-de-D\'93me in Auvergne, France, where it is
found.
Don (?), n. [Sp.
don; akin to Pg. dom, It. donno;
fr. L. dominus master. See Dame, and cf.
Domine, Dominie, Domino, Dan,
Dom.]
1. Sir; Mr; Signior; -- a title in Spain, formerly
given to noblemen and gentlemen only, but now common to all
classes.
Don is used in Italy, though not so much as in Spain France
talks of Dom Calmet, England of Dom Calmet,
England of Dan Lydgate.
Oliphant.
2. A grand personage, or one making pretension to
consequence; especially, the head of a college, or one of the
fellows at the English universities. [Univ.
Cant] \'bdThe great dons of wit.\'b8
Dryden.
Don, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Donned (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Donning.] [Do +
on; -- opposed to doff. See Do,
v. t., 7.] To put on; to dress in; to
invest one's self with.
Should I don this robe and trouble you.
Shak.
At night, or in the rain,
He dons a surcoat which he doffs at morn.
Emerson.
\'d8Do"\'a4a (?), n. [Sp.
do\'a4a. See Duenna.] Lady;
mistress; madam; -- a title of respect used in Spain, prefixed to
the Christian name of a lady.
Do"na*ble (?), a. [L.
donabilis, fr. donare to donate.]
Capable of being donated or given. [R.]
Do"na*ry (?), n. [L.
donarium, fr. donare.] A thing
given to a sacred use. [R.]
Burton.
Don"at (?), n. [From
Donatus, a famous grammarian.] A
grammar. [Obs.] [Written also
donet.]
Don"a*ta*ry (?), n. See
Donatory.
Do"nate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Donated; p. pr.
& vb. n. Donating.] [L.
donatus, p. p. of donare to donate, fr.
donum gift, fr. dare to give. See 2d
Date.] To give; to bestow; to present;
as, to donate fifty thousand dollars to a
college.
Do*na"tion (?), n. [L.
donatio; cf. F. donation.]
1. The act of giving or bestowing; a grant.
After donation there an absolute change and
alienation of the property of the thing given.
South.
2. That which is given as a present; that which is
transferred to another gratuitously; a gift.
And some donation freely to estate
On the bless'd lovers.
Shak.
3. (Law) The act or contract by which a
person voluntarily transfers the title to a thing of which be is
the owner, from himself to another, without any consideration, as
a free gift.
Bouvier.
Donation party, a party assembled at the house
of some one, as of a clergyman, each one bringing some present.
[U.S.]
Bartlett.
Syn. -- Gift; present; benefaction; grant. See
Gift.
Don"a*tism (?), n. [Cf. F.
Donatisme.] (Eccl. Hist.) The
tenets of the Donatists.
Don"a*tist (?), n. [LL.
Donatista: cf. F. Donatiste.]
(Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Donatus, the leader
of a body of North African schismatics and purists, who greatly
disturbed the church in the 4th century. They claimed to be the
true church.
Don`a*tis"tic (?), a.
Pertaining to Donatism.
Don"a*tive (?), n. [L.
donativum, fr. donare: cf. F.
donatif. See Donate.]
1. A gift; a largess; a gratuity; a present.
\'bdThe Romans were entertained with shows and
donatives.\'b8
Dryden.
2. (Eccl. Law) A benefice conferred on a
person by the founder or patron, without either presentation or
institution by the ordinary, or induction by his orders. See the
Note under Benefice, n., 3.
Don"a*tive, a. Vested or vesting by
donation; as, a donative advowson.
Blackstone.
\'d8Do*na"tor (?), n. [L. Cf.
Donor.] (Law) One who makes a
gift; a donor; a giver.
Don"a*to*ry (?), n. (Scots
Law) A donee of the crown; one the whom, upon certain
condition, escheated property is made over.
Do"-naught` (?), n.
[Do + naught.] A lazy,
good-for-nothing fellow.
\'d8Do"nax (?), n. [L., reed,
also a sea fish, Gr. /.] (Bot.) A
canelike grass of southern Europe (Arundo Donax), used
for fishing rods, etc.
\'d8Don*cel"la (?), n. [Sp.,
lit., a maid. Cf. Damsel.] (Zo\'94l.)
A handsome fish of Florida and the West Indies
(Platyglossus radiatus). The name is applied also to
the ladyfish (Harpe rufa) of the same region.
Done (?), p. p. from
Do, and formerly the infinitive.
1. Performed; executed; finished.
2. It is done or agreed; let it be a match or
bargain; -- used elliptically.
Done brown, a phrase in cookery; applied
figuratively to one who has been thoroughly deceived, cheated, or
fooled. [Colloq.] -- Done for,
tired out; used up; collapsed; destroyed; dead; killed.
[Colloq.] -- Done up. (a)
Wrapped up. (b) Worn out; exhausted.
[Colloq.]
Done, a. [Prob. corrupted from OF.
don\'82, F. donn\'82, p. p. of OF.
doner, F. donner, to give, issue, fr. L.
donare to give. See Donate, and cf.
Donee.] Given; executed; issued; made public;
-- used chiefly in the clause giving the date of a proclamation
or public act.
Do*nee" (?), n. [OF.
don\'82, F. donn\'82, p. p. See the
preceding word.]
1. The person to whom a gift or donation is
made.
2. (Law) Anciently, one to whom lands
were given; in later use, one to whom lands and tenements are
given in tail; in modern use, one on whom a power is conferred
for execution; -- sometimes called the
appointor.
Don"et (?), n. Same as
Donat. Piers Plowman.
Do"ni (?), n. [Tamil
t/n\'c6.] (Naut.) A clumsy
craft, having one mast with a long sail, used for trading
purposes on the coasts of Coromandel and Ceylon.
[Written also dhony, doney, and
done.]
<-- p. 445 -->
Balfour.
Do*nif"er*ous (?), a. [L.
donum gift + -ferous.] Bearing
gifts. [R.]
Don"jon (?), n. [See
Dungeon.] The chief tower, also called the
keep; a massive tower in ancient castles, forming the
strongest part of the fortifications. See Illust. of
Castle.
Don"key (?), n.; pl.
Donkeys (#). [Prob.
dun, in allusion to the color of the animal + a dim.
termination.]
1. An ass; or (less frequently) a mule.
2. A stupid or obstinate fellow; an ass.
Donkey engine, a small auxiliary engine not
used for propelling, but for pumping water into the boilers,
raising heavy weights, and like purposes. -- Donkey
pump, a steam pump for feeding boilers, extinguishing
fire, etc.; -- usually an auxiliary. -- Donkey's
eye (Bot.), the large round seed of the
Mucuna pruriens, a tropical leguminous
plant.
Don"na (?), n. [It.
donna, L. domina. See Don,
Dame.] A lady; madam; mistress; -- the title
given a lady in Italy.
Don"nat (?), n. [Corrupted from
do-naught.] See Do-naught.
[Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
Don"nism (?), n. [Don,
n., 2.] Self-importance; loftiness of
carriage. [Cant, Eng. Universities]
Do"nor (?), n. [F.
donneur, OF. daneor, fr. donner.
See Donee, and cf. Donator.]
1. One who gives or bestows; one who confers
anything gratuitously; a benefactor.
2. (Law) One who grants an estate; in
later use, one who confers a power; -- the opposite of
donee.
Kent.
Touching, the parties unto deeds and charters, we are to
consider as well the donors and granters as the donees
or grantees.
Spelman.
Do"-noth`ing (?), a. Doing
nothing; inactive; idle; lazy; as, a do-nothing
policy.
{ Do"-noth`ing*ism (?),
Do"-noth`ing*ness (?), } n.
Inactivity; habitual sloth; idleness.
[Jocular]
Carlyle. Miss Austen.
Don"ship (?), n. The quality or
rank of a don, gentleman, or knight.
Hudibras.
Don"zel (?), n. [Cf. It.
donzello, Sp. doncel, OF.
danzel. See Damsel, Don,
n.] A young squire, or knight's attendant;
a page. [Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.
Doo (?), n. (Zo\'94l.)
A dove. [Scot.]
Doob" grass` (?). [Hind.
d/b.] (Bot.) A perennial,
creeping grass (Cynodon dactylon), highly prized, in
Hindostan, as food for cattle, and acclimated in the United
States. [Written also doub
grass.]
Doo"dle (?), n. [Cf.
Dawdle.] A trifler; a simple fellow.
Doo"dle*sack` (?), n. [Cf. G.
dudelsack.] The Scotch bagpipe.
[Prov. Eng.]
Doole (?), n. Sorrow;
dole. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Doo"ly (?), n.; pl.
Doolies (#). [Skr.
d/la.] A kind of litter suspended from
men's shoulders, for carrying persons or things; a
palanquin. [Written also doolee and
doolie.] [East Indies]
Having provided doolies, or little bamboo chairs
slung on four men's shoulders, in which I put my papers and
boxes, we next morning commenced the ascent.
J. D. Hooker.
Doom (?), n. [As.
d/m; akin to OS. d/m, OHG.
tuom, Dan. & Sw. dom, Icel.
d/mr, Goth. d/ms, Gr. / law; fr. the
root of E. do, v. t. /. See Do, v.
t., and cf. Deem, -dom.]
1. Judgment; judicial sentence; penal decree;
condemnation.
The first dooms of London provide especially the
recovery of cattle belonging to the citizens.
J. R. Green.
Now against himself he sounds this doom.
Shak.
2. That to which one is doomed or sentenced;
destiny or fate, esp. unhappy destiny; penalty.
Ere Hector meets his doom.
Pope.
And homely household task shall be her doom.
Dryden.
3. Ruin; death.
This is the day of doom for Bassianus.
Shak.
4. Discriminating opinion or judgment;
discrimination; discernment; decision. [Obs.]
And there he learned of things and haps to come,
To give foreknowledge true, and certain doom.
Fairfax.
Syn. -- Sentence; condemnation; decree; fate; destiny; lot;
ruin; destruction.
Doom, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Doomed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dooming.]
1. To judge; to estimate or determine as a
judge. [Obs.]
Milton.
2. To pronounce sentence or judgment on; to
condemn; to consign by a decree or sentence; to sentence; as,
a criminal doomed to chains or death.
Absolves the just, and dooms the guilty souls.
Dryden.
3. To ordain as penalty; hence, to mulct or
fine.
Have I tongue to doom my brother's death?
Shak.
4. To assess a tax upon, by estimate or at
discretion. [New England]
J. Pickering.
5. To destine; to fix irrevocably the destiny or
fate of; to appoint, as by decree or by fate.
A man of genius . . . doomed to struggle with
difficulties.
Macaulay.
Doom"age (?), n. A penalty or
fine for neglect. [Local, New England]
Doom"ful (?), a. Full of
condemnation or destructive power. [R.]
\'bdThat doomful deluge.\'b8
Drayton.
Doom" palm` (?). [Ar. daum,
d\'d4m: cf. F. doume.]
(Bot.) A species of palm tree (Hyph\'91ne
Thebaica), highly valued for the fibrous pulp of its fruit,
which has the flavor of gingerbread, and is largely eaten in
Egypt and Abyssinia. [Written also doum
palm.]
Dooms"day` (?), n. [AS.
d/mes d\'beg. See Doom, and
Day.] 1. A day of sentence or
condemnation; day of death. \'bdMy body's
doomsday.\'b8
Shak.
2. The day of the final judgment.
I could not tell till doomsday.
Chaucer.
Doomsday Book. See Domesday
Book.
Dooms"man, n. [Doom +
man.] A judge; an umpire.
[Obs.]
Hampole.
Doom"ster (?), n. Same as
Dempster. [Scot.]
Door (?), n. [OE.
dore, dure, AS. duru; akin to
OS. dura, dor, D. deur, OHG.
turi, door, tor gate, G.
th\'81r, thor, Icel. dyrr, Dan.
d\'94r, Sw. d\'94rr, Goth. daur,
Lith. durys, Russ. dvere, Olr.
dorus, L. fores, Gr. /; cf. Skr.
dur, dv\'bera. ////. Cf.
Foreign.] 1. An opening in the wall
of a house or of an apartment, by which to go in and out; an
entrance way.
To the same end, men several paths may tread,
As many doors into one temple lead.
Denham.
2. The frame or barrier of boards, or other
material, usually turning on hinges, by which an entrance way
into a house or apartment is closed and opened.
At last he came unto an iron door
That fast was locked.
Spenser.
3. Passage; means of approach or access.
I am the door; by me if any man enter in, he shall
be saved.
John x. 9.
4. An entrance way, but taken in the sense of the
house or apartment to which it leads.
Martin's office is now the second door in the
street.
Arbuthnot.
Blank door, Blind door,
etc. (Arch.) See under Blank,
Blind, etc. -- In doors, Within doors, within the house. --
Next door to, near to; bordering on.
A riot unpunished is but next door to a tumult.
L'Estrange.
-- Out of doors, Without doors,
and, colloquially, Out doors,
out of the house; in open air; abroad; away; lost.
His imaginary title of fatherhood is out of
doors.
Locke.
-- To lay (a fault, misfortune, etc.) at one's door,
to charge one with a fault; to blame for. -- To lie
at one's door, to be imputable or chargeable to.
If I have failed, the fault lies wholly at my
door.
Dryden.
Door is used in an adjectival
construction or as the first part of a compound (with or without
the hyphen), as, door frame, doorbell or
door bell, door knob or
doorknob, door latch or
doorlatch, door jamb, door
handle, door mat, door panel.
Door"case` (?), n. The
surrounding frame into which a door shuts.
Door"cheek` (?), n. The jamb or
sidepiece of a door.
Ex. xii. 22 (Douay version).
\'d8Door"ga (?), n. [Skr.
Durg\'be.] (Myth.) A Hindoo
divinity, the consort of Siva, represented with ten arms.
[Written also Durga.]
Malcom.
Door"ing (?), n. The frame of a
door.
Milton.
Door"keep`er (?), n. One who
guards the entrance of a house or apartment; a porter; a
janitor.
Door"less, a. Without a door.
Door"nail` (?), n. The nail or
knob on which in ancient doors the knocker struck; -- hence the
old saying, \'bdAs dead as a doornail.\'b8
Door"plane` (?), n. A plane on
a door, giving the name, and sometimes the employment, of the
occupant.
Door"post` (?), n. The jamb or
sidepiece of a doorway.
Door"sill` (?), n. The sill or
threshold of a door.
Door"stead (?), n. Entrance or
place of a door. [Obs. or Local]
Bp. Warburton.
Door"step` (?), n. The stone or
plank forming a step before an outer door.
Door"stone` (?), n. The stone
forming a threshold.
Door"stop` (?), n.
(Carp.) The block or strip of wood or similar
material which stops, at the right place, the shutting of a
door.
Door"way` (?), n. The passage
of a door; entrance way into a house or a room.
Door"yard` (?), n. A yard in
front of a house or around the door of a house.
{ Dop, Doop } (?),
n. A little copper cup in which a diamond is held
while being cut.
Dop, v. i. [Cf. Dap,
Dip.] To dip. [Obs.]
Walton.
Dop, n. A dip; a low courtesy.
[Obs.]
B. Jonson.
Dop"per (?), n. [D.
dooper.] [Written also
doper.] An Anabaptist or Baptist.
[Contemptuous]
B. Jonson.
Dop"pler*ite (?), n. [Named
after the physicist and mathematician Christian
Doppler.] (Min.) A brownish
black native hydrocarbon occurring in elastic or jellylike
masses.
Doq"uet (?), n. A warrant. See
Docket.
Dor (?), n. [Cf. AS.
dora drone, locust, D. tor beetle, L.
taurus a kind of beetle. Cf. Dormouse.]
(Zo\'94l.) A large European scaraboid beetle
(Geotrupes stercorarius), which makes a droning noise
while flying. The name is also applied to allied American
species, as the June bug. Called also
dorr, dorbeetle, or
dorrbeetle, dorbug,
dorrfly, and buzzard
clock.
Dor, n. [Cf. Dor a beetle, and
Hum, Humbug.] A trick, joke, or
deception.
Beau. & Fl.
To give one the dor, to make a fool of him.
[Archaic]
P. Fletcher.
Dor, v. t. To make a fool of; to
deceive. [Obs.] [Written also
dorr.]
B. Jonson.
Do*ra"do (?), n. [Sp.
dorado gilt, fr. dorar to gild, fr. L.
deaurare. See 1st Dory, and cf. Fl
Dorado.]
1. (Astron.) A southern constellation,
within which is the south pole of the ecliptic; -- called also
sometimes Xiphias, or the Swordfish.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A large, oceanic fish of
the genus Coryph\'91na.
Dor"bee`tle (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) See 1st Dor.
Do"ree (?), n. [See
Dory.] (Zo\'94l.) A European
marine fish (Zeus faber), of a yellow color. See
Illust. of John Doree.
John
Doree, or Dory, well known to be a corruption of
F. jaune-dor\'82e, i. e., golden-yellow. See
1st Dory.
Dore"tree` (?), n. A
doorpost. [Obs.] \'bdAs dead as a
doretree.\'b8
Piers Plowman.
Dor"hawk` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) The European goatsucker; -- so called
because it eats the dor beetle. See
Goatsucker. [Written also
dorrhawk.]
Booth.
Do"ri*an (?), a. 1. Of
or pertaining to the ancient Greeks of Doris; Doric; as, a
Dorian fashion.
2. (Mus.) Same as Doric,
3. \'bdDorian mood.\'b8
Milton.
Dorian mode (Mus.), the first of
the authentic church modes or tones, from D to D, resembling our
D minor scale, but with the B natural.
Grove.
Do"ri*an, n. A native or inhabitant of
Doris in Greece.
Dor"ic (?), a. [L.
Doricus, Gr. /, fr. / the Dorians.]
1. Pertaining to Doris, in ancient Greece, or to
the Dorians; as, the Doric dialect.
2. (Arch.) Belonging to, or resembling,
the oldest and simplest of the three orders of architecture used
by the Greeks, but ranked as second of the five orders adopted by
the Romans. See Abacus, Capital,
Order.
Grecian Doric, or Roman
Doric.
3. (Mus.) Of or relating to one of the
ancient Greek musical modes or keys. Its character was adapted
both to religions occasions and to war.
Dor"ic, n. The Doric dialect.
Dor"i*cism (?), n. A Doric
phrase or idiom.
\'d8Do"ris (?), n. [L.
Doris, the daughter of Oceanus, and wife of Nereus,
Gr. /.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of
nudibranchiate mollusks having a wreath of branchi\'91 on the
back.
Do"rism (?), n. [Gr.
/.] A Doric phrase or idiom.
Dor"king fowl` (?). [From the town of
Dorking in England.] (Zo\'94l.)
One of a breed of large-bodied domestic fowls, having five
toes, or the hind toe double. There are several strains, as the
white, gray, and silver-gray.
They are highly esteemed for the table.
Dor"man*cy (?), n. [From
Dormant.] The state of being dormant;
quiescence; abeyance.
Dor"mant (?), a. [F., p. pr. of
dormir to sleep, from L. dormire; cf. Gr.
/, Skr. dr\'be, OSlav. dr/mati.]
1. Sleeping; as, a dormant animal;
hence, not in action or exercise; quiescent; at rest; in
abeyance; not disclosed, asserted, or insisted on; as,
dormant passions; dormant claims or
titles.
It is by lying dormant a long time, or being . . .
very rarely exercised, that arbitrary power steals upon a
people.
Burke.
2. (Her.) In a sleeping posture; as,
a lion dormant; -- distinguished from
couchant.
Dormant partner (Com.), a partner
who takes no share in the active business of a company or
partnership, but is entitled to a share of the profits, and
subject to a share in losses; -- called also sleeping
. -- Dormant window
(Arch.), a dormer window. See
Dormer. -- Table dormant, a
stationary table. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dor"mant (?), n. [See
Dormant, a.] (Arch.) A
large beam in the roof of a house upon which portions of the
other timbers rest or \'bd sleep.\'b8 Arch. Pub.
Soc. -- Called also dormant tree,
dorman tree, dormond, and
dormer.
Halliwell.
Dor"mer (?), Dor"mer win"dow
(/), n. [Literally, the window
of a sleeping apartment. F. dormir to sleep. See
Dormant, a. & n.]
(Arch.) A window pierced in a roof, and so set as
to be vertical while the roof slopes away from it. Also, the
gablet, or houselike structure, in which it is contained.
Dor"mi*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
dormitif, fr. dormire to sleep.]
Causing sleep; as, the dormitive properties of
opium. Clarke. -- n.
(Med.) A medicine to promote sleep; a soporific;
an opiate.
Dor"mi*to*ry (?), n.; pl.
Dormitories (#). [L.
dormitorium, fr. dormitorius of or for
sleeping, fr. dormire to sleep. See
Dormant.]
1. A sleeping room, or a building containing a
series of sleeping rooms; a sleeping apartment capable of
containing many beds; esp., one connected with a college or
boarding school.
Thackeray.
2. A burial place. [Obs.]
Ayliffe.
My sister was interred in a very honorable manner in our
dormitory, joining to the parish church.
Evelyn.
Dor"mouse (?), n.; pl.
Dormice (#). [Perh. fr. F.
dormir to sleep (Prov. E. dorm to doze) +
E. mouse; or perh. changed fr. F. dormeuse,
fem., a sleeper, though not found in the sense of a
dormouse.] (Zo\'94l.) A small
European rodent of the genus Myoxus, of several
species. They live in trees and feed on nuts, acorns, etc.; -- so
called because they are usually torpid in winter.
Dorn (?), n. [Cf. G.
dorn thorn, D. doorn, and G.
dornfisch stickleback.] (Zo\'94l.)
A British ray; the thornback.
<-- p. 446 -->
{ Dor"nick (?), Dor"nock
(?) }, n. A coarse sort of damask,
originally made at Tournay (in Flemish, Doornick),
Belgium, and used for hangings, carpets, etc. Also, a stout
figured linen manufactured in Scotland. [Formerly
written also darnex, dornic,
dorneck, etc.]
Halliwell. Jamieson.
dornock, a kind of stout
figured linen, derives its name from a town in Scotland where it
was first manufactured for tablecloths.
Dorp (?), n. [LG. & D.
dorp. See Thorpe.] A hamlet.
\'bdA mean fishing dorp.\'b8
Howell.
Dorr (?), n. The dorbeetle;
also, a drone or an idler. See 1st Dor.
Robynson (More's Utopia).
Dorr, v. t. 1. To deceive.
[Obs.] See Dor, v. t.
2. To deafen with noise. [Obs.]
Halliwell.
Dorr"fly` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) See 1st Dor.
Dorr"hawk` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) See Dorhawk.
Dor"sad (?), adv.
[Dorsum +L. ad towards.]
(Anat.) Toward the dorsum or back; on the dorsal
side; dorsally.
Dor"sal (?), a. [F.
dorsal, LL. dorsalis, fr. L.
dorsualis, fr. dorsum back; cf. Gr. /,
/, mountain ridge. Cf. Dorse, Dorsel,
Dosel.]
1. (Anat.) Pertaining to, or situated
near, the back, or dorsum, of an animal or of one of its parts;
notal; tergal; neural; as, the dorsal fin of a fish;
the dorsal artery of the tongue; -- opposed to
ventral.
2. (Bot.) (a) Pertaining to the
surface naturally inferior, as of a leaf. (b)
Pertaining to the surface naturally superior, as of a
creeping hepatic moss.
Dorsal vessel (Zo\'94l.), a central
pulsating blood vessel along the back of insects, acting as a
heart.
Dor"sal, n. [LL. dorsale,
neut. fr. dorsalis. See Dorsal,
a.] (Fine Arts) A hanging,
usually of rich stuff, at the back of a throne, or of an altar,
or in any similar position.
Dor"sale (?), n. Same as
Dorsal, n.
Dor"sal*ly (?), adv.
(Anat.) On, or toward, the dorsum, or back; on
the dorsal side of; dorsad.
Dorse (?), n. [Cf. L.
dorsum the back. See Dorsel,
Dosel.]
1. Same as dorsal, n.
[Obs.]
2. The back of a book. [Obs.]
Books, all richly bound, with gilt dorses.
Wood.
Dorse, n. (Zo\'94l.) The
Baltic or variable cod (Gadus callarias), by some
believed to be the young of the common codfish.
Dor"sel (?), n. [See
Dosser.]
1. A pannier.
2. Same as Dorsal, n.
Dor"ser (?), n. See
Dosser.
\'d8dor`si*bran`chi*a"ta (?), n. pl.
[NL., from L. dorsum back + branchiae
gills.] (Zo\'94l.) A division of
ch\'91topod annelids in which the branchi\'91 are along the back,
on each side, or on the parapodia. [See Illusts. under
Annelida and Ch\'91topoda.]
Dor`si*bran"chi*ate (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Having branchi\'91 along the back;
belonging to the Dorsibranchiata. -- n.
One of the Dorsibranchiata.
Dor*sif"er*ous (?),. [Dorsum +
-ferous; cf. F. dorsif\'8are.]
(Biol.) Bearing, or producing, on the back; --
applied to ferns which produce seeds on the back of the leaf, and
to certain Batrachia, the ova of which become attached to the
skin of the back of the parent, where they develop;
dorsiparous.
Dor`si*mes"on (?), n.
[Dorsum + meson.] (Anat.)
See Meson.
Dor*sip"a*rous (?), a.
[Dorsum + L. parere to bring
forth.] (Biol.) Same as
Dorsiferous.
Dor`si*ven"tral (?), a.
[Dorsum + ventral.]
1. (Biol.) Having distinct upper and
lower surfaces, as most common leaves. The leaves of the iris are
not dorsiventral.
2. (Anat.) See
Dorsoventral.
Dor`so*ven"tral (?), a.
[dorsum + ventral.]
(Anat.) From the dorsal to the ventral side of an
animal; as, the dorsoventral axis.
\'d8Dor"sum (?), n. [L.]
1. The ridge of a hill.
2. (Anat.) The back or dorsal region of
an animal; the upper side of an appendage or part; as, the
dorsum of the tongue.
{ Dor"tour (?), Dor"ture
(?), } n. [F. dortoir,
fr. L. dormitorium.] A dormitory.
[Obs.]
Bacon.
Do"ry (?), n.; pl.
Dories (#). [Named from 1st color,
fr. F. dor\'82e gilded, fr. dorer to gild,
L. deaurare. See Deaurate, and cf.
Aureole.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A European fish. See
Doree, and John Doree.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The American wall-eyed
perch; -- called also dor\'82. See Pike
perch.
Do"ry, n.; pl. Dories
(/). A small, strong, flat-bottomed
rowboat, with sharp prow and flaring sides.
\'d8Do*ryph"o*ra (?), n. [NL.
See Doryphoros.] (Zo\'94l.) A
genus of plant-eating beetles, including the potato beetle. See
Potato beetle.
\'d8Do*ryph"o*ros (?), n. [L.,
fr. Gr. /, lit., spear bearing; / a spear + / to
bear.] (Fine Arts) A spear bearer; a statue
of a man holding a spear or in the attitude of a spear bearer.
Several important sculptures of this subject existed in
antiquity, copies of which remain to us.
Dose (?), n. [F.
dose, Gr. / a giving, a dose, fr. / to give; akin
to L. dare to give. See Date point of
time.]
1. The quantity of medicine given, or prescribed to
be taken, at one time.
2. A sufficient quantity; a portion; as much as one
can take, or as falls to one to receive.
3. Anything nauseous that one is obliged to take; a
disagreeable portion thrust upon one.
I am for curing the world by gentle alteratives, not by
violent doses.
W. Irving.
I dare undertake that as fulsome a dose as you give
him, he shall readily take it down.
South.
Dose, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dosed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
dosing.] [Cf. F. doser. See
Dose, n.]
1. To proportion properly (a medicine), with
reference to the patient or the disease; to form into suitable
doses.
2. To give doses to; to medicine or physic to; to
give potions to, constantly and without need.
A self-opinioned physician, worse than his distemper, who
shall dose, and bleed, and kill him, \'bdsecundum
artem.\'b8
South
3. To give anything nauseous to.
Dos"el (?), n. [OF.
dossel; cf. LL. dorsale. See
Dorsal, and cf. Dorse, Dorsel.]
Same as Dorsal, n.
[R.]
Do*sol"o*gy (?), n.
[Dose +-logy.]
Posology. [R.]
Ogilvie.
Dos"sel (?), n. [See
Dosel, n.] Same as
Dorsal, n.
Dos"ser (?), n. [LL.
dosserum, or F.dossier bundle of papers,
part of a basket resting on the back, fr. L. dorsum
back. See Dorsal, and cf. Dosel.]
[Written also dorser and
dorsel.]
1. A pannier, or basket.
To hire a ripper's mare, and buy new dossers.
Beau. & Fl.
2. A hanging tapestry; a dorsal.
Dos"sil (?), n. [OE.
dosil faucet of a barrel, OF. dosil,
duisil, spigot, LL. diciculus,
ducillus, fr. L. ducere to lead, draw. See
Duct, Duke.]
1. (Surg.) A small ovoid or cylindrical
roil or pledget of lint, for keeping a sore, wound, etc., open; a
tent.
2. (Printing) A roll of cloth for wiping
off the face of a copperplate, leaving the ink in the engraved
lines.
Dost (?), 2d pers. sing. pres.
of Do.
Dot (?), n. [F., fr. L.
dos, dotis, dowry. See Dower, and
cf. Dote dowry.] (Law) A marriage
portion; dowry. [Louisiana]
Dot, n. [Cf. AS. dott small
spot, speck; of uncertain origin.]
1. A small point or spot, made with a pen or other
pointed instrument; a speck, or small mark.
2. Anything small and like a speck comparatively; a
small portion or specimen; as, a dot of a
child.
Dot, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dotted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Dotting.]
1. To mark with dots or small spots; as, to
dot a line.
2. To mark or diversify with small detached
objects; as, a landscape dotted with
cottages.
Dot, v. i. To make dots or specks.
Do"tage (?), n. [From
Dote, v. i.]
1. Feebleness or imbecility of understanding or
mind, particularly in old age; the childishness of old age;
senility; as, a venerable man, now in his
dotage.
Capable of distinguishing between the infancy and the
dotage of Greek literature.
Macaulay.
2. Foolish utterance; drivel.
The sapless dotages of old Paris and Salamanca.
Milton.
3. Excessive fondness; weak and foolish
affection.
The dotage of the nation on presbytery.
Bp. Burnet.
Do"tal (?), a. [L.
dotalis, fr. dos, dotis, dowry:
cf. F. dotal. See Dot dowry.]
Pertaining to dower, or a woman's marriage portion;
constituting dower, or comprised in it.
Garth.
Do"tant (?), n. A dotard.
[Obs.]
Shak.
Do"tard (?), n. [Dote,
v. i.] One whose mind is impaired by age;
one in second childhood.
The sickly dotard wants a wife.
Prior.
Do"tard*ly, a. Foolish; weak.
Dr. H. More.
Do"ta*ry (?), n. A dotard's
weakness; dotage. [Obs.]
Drayton.
Do*ta"tion (?), n. [LL.
dotatio, fr. L. dotare to endow, fr.
dos, dotis, dower: cf. F.
dotation. See Dot dowry.]
1. The act of endowing, or bestowing a marriage
portion on a woman.
2. Endowment; establishment of funds for support,
as of a hospital or eleemosynary corporation.
Blackstone.
Dote (?), n. [See Dot
dowry.]
1. A marriage portion. [Obs.] See 1st
Dot, n.
Wyatt.
2. pl. Natural endowments.
[Obs.]
B. Jonson.
Dote, v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Doted;p. pr. & vb. n.
Doting.] [OE. doten; akin to
OD. doten, D. dutten, to doze, Icel.
dotta to nod from sleep, MHG. t/zen to
keep still: cf. F. doter, OF. radoter (to
dote, rave, talk idly or senselessly), which are from the same
source.] [Written also doat.]
1. To act foolishly. [Obs.]
He wol make him doten anon right.
Chaucer.
2. To be weak-minded, silly, or idiotic; to have
the intellect impaired, especially by age, so that the mind
wanders or wavers; to drivel.
Time has made you dote, and vainly tell
Of arms imagined in your lonely cell.
Dryden.
He survived the use of his reason, grew infatuated, and
doted long before he died.
South.
3. To be excessively or foolishly fond; to love to
excess; to be weakly affectionate; -- with on or upon;
as, the mother dotes on her child.
Sing, siren, for thyself, and I will dote.
Shak.
What dust we dote on, when 't is man we love.
Pope.
Dote, n. An imbecile; a dotard.
Halliwell.
Dot"ed (?), a. 1.
Stupid; foolish. [Obs.]
Senseless speech and doted ignorance.
Spenser.
2. Half-rotten; as, doted
wood. [Local, U. S.]
Dote"head` (?), n. A
dotard. [R.]
Tyndale.
Dot"er (?), n. 1. One
who dotes; a man whose understanding is enfeebled by age; a
dotard.
Burton.
2. One excessively fond, or weak in love.
Shak.
Dot"er*y (?), n. The acts or
speech of a dotard; drivel. [R.]
Doth (?), 3d pers. sing. pres.
of Do.
Dot"ing (?), a. That dotes;
silly; excessively fond. -- Dot"ing*ly,
adv. -- Dot"ing*ness,
n.
Dot"ish, a. Foolish; weak;
imbecile.
Sir W. Scott.
Dot"tard (?), n. [For
Dotard ?] An old, decayed tree.
[R.]
Bacon.
Dot"ted (?), a. Marked with, or
made of, dots or small spots; diversified with small, detached
objects.
Dotted note (Mus.), a note followed
by a dot to indicate an increase of length equal to one half of
its simple value; thus, a dotted semibreve is equal to three
minims, and a dotted quarter to three eighth notes. --
Dotted rest, a rest lengthened by a dot in the
same manner as a dotted note.
double-dotted.
Dot"ter*el (?), a. [Cf.
Dottard.] Decayed. \'bdSome old
dotterel trees.\'b8 [Obs.]
Ascham.
Dot"ter*el, n. [From Dote,
v. i.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A European bird of the
Plover family (Eudromias, ). It is tame and easily taken, and is popularly
believed to imitate the movements of the fowler.
In catching of dotterels we see how the foolish
bird playeth the ape in gestures.
Bacon.
Charadrius hiaticula.
2. A silly fellow; a dupe; a gull.
Barrow.
Dot"ting pen` (?). See under
Pun.
Dot"trel (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) See Dotterel.
Do"ty (?), a. [See
Dottard.] Half-rotten; as, doty
timber. [Local, U. S.]
\'d8Dou`ane" (?), n. [F.]
A customhouse.
\'d8Dou`a"nier" (?), n.
[F.] An officer of the French customs.
[Anglicized form douaneer.]
Dou"ar (?), n. [F., fr. Ar.
d/\'ber.] A village composed of Arab
tents arranged in streets.
Dou"ay Bi"ble (?). [From Douay,
or Douai, a town in France.] A translation
of the Scriptures into the English language for the use of
English-speaking Roman Catholics; -- done from the Latin Vulgate
by English scholars resident in France. The New Testament portion
was published at Rheims, A. D. 1582, the Old Testament
at Douai, A. D. 1609-10. Various revised editions have
since been published. [Written also Doway
Bible. Called also the Rheims and Douay
version.]
Doub" grass` (?).(Bot.) Doob
grass.
Dou"ble (?), a. [OE.
doble, duble, double, OF.
doble, duble, double, F.
double, fr. L. duplus, fr. the root of
duo two, and perh. that of plenus full;
akin to Gr. / double. See Two, and Full, and
cf. Diploma, Duple.]
1. Twofold; multiplied by two; increased by its
equivalent; made twice as large or as much, etc.
Let a double portion of thy spirit be upon me.
2 Kings ii. 9.
Darkness and tempest make a double night.
Dryden.
2. Being in pairs; presenting two of a kind, or two
in a set together; coupled.
[Let] The swan, on still St. Mary's lake,
Float double, swan and shadow.
Wordsworth.
3. Divided into two; acting two parts, one openly
and the other secretly; equivocal; deceitful; insincere.
With a double heart do they speak.
Ps. xii. 2.
4. (Bot.) Having the petals in a flower
considerably increased beyond the natural number, usually as the
result of cultivation and the expense of the stamens, or stamens
and pistils. The white water lily and some other plants have
their blossoms naturally double.
Double is often used as the first part of
a compound word, generally denoting two ways, or
twice the number, quantity,
force, etc., twofold, or having
two.
Double base, Double
bass (Mus.), the largest and
lowest-toned instrument in the violin form; the contrabasso or
violone. -- Double convex. See under
Convex. -- Double counterpoint
(Mus.), that species of counterpoint or
composition, in which two of the parts may be inverted, by
setting one of them an octave higher or lower. --
Double court (Lawn Tennis), a court
laid out for four players, two on each side. -- Double
dagger (Print.), a reference mark ( --
Double drum (Mus.), a large drum that
is beaten at both ends. -- Double eagle, a
gold coin of the United States having the value of 20
dollars. -- Double entry. See under
Bookkeeping. -- Double floor
(Arch.), a floor in which binding joists support
flooring joists above and ceiling joists below. See
Illust. of Double-framed floor. --
Double flower. See Double, a.,
4. -- Double-framed floor (Arch.),
a double floor having girders into which the binding joists
are framed. -- Double fugue (Mus.),
a fugue on two subjects. -- Double letter.
(a) (Print.) Two letters on one shank; a
ligature. (b) A mail requiring double
postage. -- Double note (Mus.), a
note of double the length of the semibreve; a breve. See
Breve. -- Double octave
(Mus.), an interval composed of two octaves, or
fifteen notes, in diatonic progression; a fifteenth. --
Double pica. See under Pica. --
Double play (Baseball), a play by which
two players are put out at the same time. -- Double
plea (Law), a plea alleging several matters
in answer to the declaration, where either of such matters alone
would be a sufficient bar to the action. Stephen.
-- Double point (Geom.), a point of a
curve at which two branches cross each other. Conjugate or
isolated points of a curve are called double points,
since they possess most of the properties of double
points (see Conjugate). They are also called
acnodes, and those points where the branches of the
curve really cross are called crunodes. The extremity
of a cusp is also a double point. -- Double
quarrel. (Eccl. Law) See Duplex
querela, under Duplex. -- Double
refraction. (Opt.) See
Refraction. -- Double salt.
(Chem.) (a) A mixed salt of any polybasic
acid which has been saturated by different bases or basic
radicals, as the double carbonate of sodium and potassium,
NaKCO3.6H2O. (b) A molecular
combination of two distinct salts, as common alum, which consists
of the sulphate of aluminium, and the sulphate of potassium or
ammonium. -- Double shuffle, a low, noisy
dance. -- Double standard (Polit.
Econ.), a double standard of monetary values; i.
e., a gold standard and a silver standard, both of which are
made legal tender. -- Double star
(Astron.), two stars so near to each other as to
be seen separate only by means of a telescope. Such stars may be
only optically near to each other, or may be
physically connected so that they revolve round their
common center of gravity, and in the latter case are called also
binary stars. -- Double time
(Mil.). Same as Double-quick. --
Double window, a window having two sets of glazed
sashes with an air space between them.
<-- p. 447 -->
Dou"ble (?), adv. Twice;
doubly.
I was double their age.
Swift.
Dou"ble, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Doubled (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Doubling (?).] [OE.
doblen, dublen, doublen, F.
doubler, fr. L. duplare, fr.
duplus. See Double, a.]
1. To increase by adding an equal number, quantity,
length, value, or the like; multiply by two; to double
a sum of money; to double a number, or length.
Double six thousand, and then treble that.
Shak.
2. To make of two thicknesses or folds by turning
or bending together in the middle; to fold one part upon another
part of; as, to double the leaf of a book, and the
like; to clinch, as the fist; -- often followed by
up; as, to double up a sheet of paper or
cloth.<-- also double over -->
Prior.
Then the old man
Was wroth, and doubled up his hands.
Tennyson.
3. To be the double of; to exceed by twofold; to
contain or be worth twice as much as.
Thus re\'89nforced, against the adverse fleet,
Still doubling ours, brave Rupert leads the way.
Dryden.
4. To pass around or by; to march or sail round, so
as to reverse the direction of motion.
Sailing along the coast, the doubled the promontory
of Carthage.
Knolles.
5. (Mil.) To unite, as ranks or files,
so as to form one from each two.
Dou"ble, v. i. 1. To be
increased to twice the sum, number, quantity, length, or value;
to increase or grow to twice as much.
'T is observed in particular nations, that within the space of
three hundred years, notwithstanding all casualties, the number
of men doubles.
T. Burnet.
2. To return upon one's track; to turn and go back
over the same ground, or in an opposite direction.
Doubling and turning like a hunted hare.
Dryden.
Doubling and doubling with laborious
walk.
Wordsworth.
3. To play tricks; to use sleights; to play
false.
What penalty and danger you accrue,
If you be found to double.
J. Webster.
4. (Print.) To set up a word or words a
second time by mistake; to make a doublet.
To double upon (Mil.), to inclose
between two fires.
Dou"ble, n. 1. Twice as much;
twice the number, sum, quantity, length, value, and the
like.
If the thief be found, let him pay double.
Ex. xxii. 7.
2. Among compositors, a doublet (see
Doublet, 2.); among pressmen, a sheet that is
twice pulled, and blurred.
3. That which is doubled over or together; a
doubling; a plait; a fold.
Rolled up in sevenfold double
Of plagues.
Marston.
4. A turn or circuit in running to escape pursues;
hence, a trick; a shift; an artifice.
These men are too well acquainted with the chase to be flung
off by any false steps or doubles.
Addison.
5. Something precisely equal or counterpart to
another; a counterpart. Hence, a wraith.
My charming friend . . . has, I am almost sure, a
double, who preaches his afternoon sermons for
him.
Atlantic Monthly.
6. A player or singer who prepares to take the part
of another player in his absence; a substitute.
7. Double beer; strong beer.
8. (Eccl.) A feast in which the antiphon
is doubled, hat is, said twice, before and after the Psalms,
instead of only half being said, as in simple feasts.
Shipley.
9. (Lawn Tennis) A game between two
pairs of players; as, a first prize for
doubles.
10. (Mus.) An old term for a variation,
as in Bach's Suites.
Dou"ble-act`ing (?), a. Acting
or operating in two directions or with both motions; producing a
twofold result; as, a double-acting engine or
pump.
Dou"ble-bank" (?), v. t.
(Naut.) To row by rowers sitting side by side in
twos on a bank or thwart.
To double-bank an oar, to set two men to
pulling one oar.
Dou"ble-banked` (?), a. Applied
to a kind of rowing in which the rowers sit side by side in twos,
a pair of oars being worked from each bank or thwart.
{ Dou"ble-bar`reled (?), -bar`relled }, a. Having two
barrels; -- applied to a gun.
Dou"ble-beat` valve" (?). See under
Valve.
Dou"ble-breast`ed (?), a.
Folding or lapping over on the breast, with a row of buttons
and buttonholes on each side; as, a double-breasted
coat.
Dou"ble-charge` (?), v. t.
1. To load with a double charge, as of
gunpowder.
2. To overcharge.
Shak.
Dou"ble deal"er (?). One who practices
double dealing; a deceitful, trickish person.
L'Estrange.
Dou"ble deal"ing (?). False or deceitful
dealing. See Double dealing, under
Dealing.
Shak.
Dou"ble-deck"er (?), n. 1.
(Naut.) A man-of-war having two gun decks.
2. A public conveyance, as a street car, with seats
on the roof. [Colloq.]
Dou"ble-dye` (?), v. t. To dye
again or twice over.
To double-dye their robes in scarlet.
J. Webster.
Dou"ble-dyed` (?), a. Dyed
twice; thoroughly or intensely colored; hence; firmly fixed in
opinions or habits; as, a double-dyed
villain.
Dou"ble-end"er (?), n. (a)
(Naut.) A vessel capable of moving in either
direction, having bow and rudder at each end. (b)
(Railroad) A locomotive with pilot at each
end.
Knight.
\'d8Dou"ble-en*ten"dre (?), n.
[F. double double + entendre to mean.
This is a barbarous compound of French words. The true French
equivalent is double entente.] A word or
expression admitting of a double interpretation, one of which is
often obscure or indelicate.
Dou"ble-eyed` (?), a. Having a
deceitful look. [R.] \'bdDeceitful meanings is
double-eyed.\'b8
Spenser.
Dou"ble-faced` (?), a. 1.
Having two faces designed for use; as, a
double-faced hammer.
2. Deceitful; hypocritical; treacherous.
Milton.
Dou"ble first` (?). (Eng.
Universities) (a) A degree of the first class
both in classics and mathematics. (b) One who
gains at examinations the highest honor both in the classics and
the mathematics.
Beaconsfield.
Dou"ble-hand"ed (?), a. 1.
Having two hands.
2. Deceitful; deceptive.
Glanvill.
Dou"ble-head"ed (?), a. Having
two heads; bicipital.
Double-headed rail (Railroad), a
rail whose flanges are duplicates, so that when one is worn the
other may be turned uppermost.
Dou"ble*heart"ed (?), a. Having
a false heart; deceitful; treacherous.
Sandys.
Dou"ble-hung` (?), a. Having
both sashes hung with weights and cords; -- said of a
window.
Dou"ble-lock` (?), v. t. To
lock with two bolts; to fasten with double security.
Tatler.
Dou"ble-milled` (?), a. Twice
milled or fulled, to render more compact or fine; -- said of
cloth; as, double-milled kerseymere.
Dou"ble*mind"ed (?), a. Having
different minds at different times; unsettled;
undetermined.
A double-minded man is unstable in all his
ways.
Jas. i. 8.
Dou"ble*ness (?), n. 1.
The state of being double or doubled.
2. Duplicity; insincerity.
Chaucer.
Dou"ble-quick` (?), a.
(Mil.) Of, or performed in, the fastest time or
step in marching, next to the run; as, a
double-quick step or march.
Dou"ble-quick`, n. Double-quick time,
step, or march.
Dou"ble-quick`, v. i. & t. (Mil.)
To move, or cause to move, in double-quick time.
Dou"bler (?), n. 1.
One who, or that which, doubles.
2. (Elec.) An instrument for augmenting
a very small quantity of electricity, so as to render it manifest
by sparks or the electroscope.
Dou"ble-rip"per (?), n. A kind
of coasting sled, made of two sleds fastened together with a
board, one before the other. [Local, U. S.]
Dou"ble-shade` (?), v. t. To
double the natural darkness of (a place).
Milton.
Doub"let (?), n. [In sense 3,
OF. doublet; in sense 4, F. doublet, dim.
of double double. See Double,
a.]
1. Two of the same kind; a pair; a couple.
2. (Print.) A word or words
unintentionally doubled or set up a second time.
3. A close-fitting garment for men, covering the
body from the neck to the waist or a little below. It was worn in
Western Europe from the 15th to the 17th century.
4. (Lapidary Work) A counterfeit gem,
composed of two pieces of crystal, with a color them, and thus
giving the appearance of a naturally colored gem. Also, a piece
of paste or glass covered by a veneer of real stone.
5. (Opt.) An arrangement of two lenses
for a microscope, designed to correct spherical aberration and
chromatic dispersion, thus rendering the image of an object more
clear and distinct.
W. H. Wollaston.
6. pl. (See No. 1.) Two dice, each of
which, when thrown, has the same number of spots on the face
lying uppermost; as, to throw doublets.
7. pl. [Cf. Pr. doblier,
dobler draughtboard.] A game somewhat like
backgammon.
Halliwell.
8. One of two or more words in the same language
derived by different courses from the same original from; as,
crypt and grot are doublets;
also, guard and ward; yard and
garden; abridge and abbreviate,
etc.
Dou"ble*thread`ed (?), a.
1. Consisting of two threads twisted together;
using two threads.
2. (Mech.) Having two screw threads
instead of one; -- said of a screw in which the pitch is equal to
twice the distance between the centers of adjacent threads.
Dou"ble-tongue` (?), n. Deceit;
duplicity.
Now cometh the sin of double-tongue, such as speak
fair before folk and wickedly behind.
Chaucer.
Dou"ble-tongued` (?), a. Making
contrary declarations on the same subject; deceitful.
Likewise must the deacons be grave, not
double-tongued.
1 Tim. iii. 8.
Dou"ble-tongu`ing (?), n.
(Mus.) A peculiar action of the tongue by flute
players in articulating staccato notes; also, the rapid
repetition of notes in cornet playing.
Dou"ble*tree` (?), n. The bar,
or crosspiece, of a carriage, to which the singletrees are
attached.
Doub"lets (?), n. pl. See
Doublet, 6 and 7.
Dou"bling (?), n. 1.
The act of one that doubles; a making double; reduplication;
also, that which is doubled.
2. A turning and winding; as, the
doubling of a hunted hare; shift; trick;
artifice.
Dryden.
3. (Her.) The lining of the mantle borne
about the shield or escutcheon.
4. The process of redistilling spirits, to improve
the strength and flavor.
Doubling a cape,
promontory, etc. (Naut.),
sailing around or passing beyond a cape, promontory,
etc.
Doub*loon" (?), n. [F.
doublon, Sp. doblon. See Double,
a., and cf. Dupion.] A Spanish
gold coin, no longer issued, varying in value at different times
from over fifteen dollars to about five. See Doblon in
Sup.
Dou"bly (?), adv. 1.
In twice the quantity; to twice the degree; as,
doubly wise or good; to be doubly sensible of
an obligation.
Dryden.
2. Deceitfully. \'bdA man that deals
doubly.\'b8
Huloet.
Doubt (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Dou/ted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Doubting.] [OE.
duten, douten, OF. duter,
doter, douter, F. douter, fr. L.
dubitare; akin to dubius doubtful. See
Dubious.]
1. To waver in opinion or judgment; to be in
uncertainty as to belief respecting anything; to hesitate in
belief; to be undecided as to the truth of the negative or the
affirmative proposition; to b e undetermined.
Even in matters divine, concerning some things, we may
lawfully doubt, and suspend our judgment.
Hooker.
To try your love and make you doubt of mine.
Dryden.
2. To suspect; to fear; to be apprehensive.
[Obs.]
Syn. -- To waver; vacillate; fluctuate; hesitate; demur;
scruple; question.
Doubt, v. t. 1. To question or
hold questionable; to withhold assent to; to hesitate to believe,
or to be inclined not to believe; to withhold confidence from; to
distrust; as, I have heard the story, but I doubt
the truth of it.
To admire superior sense, and doubt their own!
Pope.
I doubt not that however changed, you keep
So much of what is graceful.
Tennyson.
To doubt not but.
I do not doubt but I have been to blame.
Dryden.
We doubt not now
But every rub is smoothed on our way.
Shak.
That is, we have no doubt to prevent us from
believing, etc. (or notwithstanding all that may be said to the
contrary) -- but having a preventive sense, after
verbs of \'bddoubting\'b8 and \'bddenying\'b8 that convey a
notion of hindrance.
E. A. Abbott.
2. To suspect; to fear; to be apprehensive
of. [Obs.]
Edmond [was a] good man and doubted God.
R. of Gloucester.
I doubt some foul play.
Shak.
That I of doubted danger had no fear.
Spenser.
3. To fill with fear; to affright.
[Obs.]
The virtues of the valiant Caratach
More doubt me than all Britain.
Beau. & Fl.
Doubt, n. [OE. dute,
doute, F. doute, fr. douter to
doubt. See Doubt, v. i.]
1. A fluctuation of mind arising from defect of
knowledge or evidence; uncertainty of judgment or mind; unsettled
state of opinion concerning the reality of an event, or the truth
of an assertion, etc.; hesitation.
Doubt is the beginning and the end of our efforts
to know.
Sir W. Hamilton.
Doubt, in order to be operative in requiring an
acquittal, is not the want of perfect certainty (which can never
exist in any question of fact) but a defect of proof preventing a
reasonable assurance of quilt.
Wharton.
2. Uncertainty of condition.
Thy life shall hang in doubt before thee.
Deut. xxviii. 66.
3. Suspicion; fear; apprehension; dread.
[Obs.]
I stand in doubt of you.
Gal. iv. 20.
Nor slack her threatful hand for danger's
doubt.
Spenser.
4. Difficulty expressed or urged for solution;
point unsettled; objection.
To every doubt your answer is the same.
Blackmore.
No doubt, undoubtedly; without doubt. --
Out of doubt, beyond doubt.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
Syn. -- Uncertainty; hesitation; suspense; indecision;
irresolution; distrust; suspicion; scruple; perplexity;
ambiguity; skepticism.
Doubt"a*ble (?), a. [OF.
doutable, L. dubitabilis, from
dubitare. Cf. Dubitable.]
1. Capable of being doubted; questionable.
2. Worthy of being feared; redoubtable.
[Obs.]
Doubt"ance (?), n. [OF.
doutance. Cf. Dubitancy.] State of
being in doubt; uncertainty; doubt. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Doubt"er (?), n. One who
doubts; one whose opinion is unsettled; one who scruples.
Doubt"ful (?), a. 1.
Not settled in opinion; undetermined; wavering; hesitating
in belief; also used, metaphorically, of the body when its action
is affected by such a state of mind; as, we are
doubtful of a fact, or of the propriety of a
measure.
Methinks I should know you, and know this man;
Yet I am doubtful.
Shak.
With doubtful feet and wavering resolution.
Milton.
<-- p. 448 -->
2. Admitting of doubt; not obvious, clear, or
certain; questionable; not decided; not easy to be defined,
classed, or named; as, a doubtful case, hue, claim,
title, species, and the like.
Beauty is but a vain and doubtful good.
Shak.
Is it a great cruelty to expel from our abode the enemy of our
peace, or even the doubtful friend [i. e., one as to
whose sincerity there may be doubts]?
Bancroft.
3. Characterized by ambiguity; dubious; as, a
doubtful expression; a doubtful
phrase.
4. Of uncertain issue or event.
We . . . have sustained one day in doubtful
fight.
Milton.
The strife between the two principles had been long, fierce,
and doubtful.
Macaulay.
5. Fearful; apprehensive; suspicious.
[Obs.]
I am doubtful that you have been conjunct
And bosomed with her.
Shak.
Syn. -- Wavering; vacillating; hesitating; undetermined;
distrustful; dubious; uncertain; equivocal; ambiguous;
problematical; questionable.
Doubt"ful*ly (?), adv. In a
doubtful manner.
Nor did the goddess doubtfully declare.
Dryden.
Doubt"ful*ness, n.
1. State of being doubtful.
2. Uncertainty of meaning; ambiguity;
indefiniteness. \'bd The doubtfulness of his
expressions.\'b8
Locke.
3. Uncertainty of event or issue.
Bacon.
Doubt"ing, a. That is uncertain; that
distrusts or hesitates; having doubts. --
Doubt"ing*ly, adv.
Doubt"less, a. Free from fear or
suspicion. [Obs.]
Pretty child, sleep doubtless and secure.
Shak.
Doubt"less, adv. Undoubtedly; without
doubt.
Doubt"less*ly, adv.
Unquestionably.
Beau. & Fl.
Doubt"ous (?), a. [OF.
dotos, douteus, F.
douteux.] Doubtful.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Douc (?), n. (Zo\'94l.)
A monkey (Semnopithecus nem\'91us), remarkable
for its varied and brilliant colors. It is a native of Cochin
China.
Douce (?), a. [F.
doux, masc., douce, fem., sweet, fr. L.
duleis sweet.]
1. Sweet; pleasant. [Obs.]
2. Sober; prudent; sedate; modest.
[Scot.]
And this is a douce, honest man.
Sir W. Scott.
Douce"pere` (?), n. [F.
les douze pairs the twelve peers of France, renowned
in romantic fiction.] One of the twelve peers of
France, companions of Charlemagne in war. [Written
also douzepere.] [Obs.]
Big-looking like a doughty doucepere.
Spenser.
{ Dou"cet (?), Dow"set
(?) }, n. [F. doucet
sweet, dim. of doux. See Douce.]
1. A custard. [Obs.]
2. A dowcet, or deep's testicle.
\'d8Dou`ceur" (?), n. [F., fr.
doux sweet. See Douce.]
1. Gentleness and sweetness of manner;
agreeableness.
Chesterfield.
2. A gift for service done or to be done; an
honorarium; a present; sometimes, a bribe.
Burke.
Douche (?), n. [F., fr. It.
doccia, fr. docciare to flow, pour, fr. an
assumed LL. ductiare, fr. L. ducere,
ductum, to lead, conduct (water). See
Duct.]
1. A jet or current of water or vapor directed upon
some part of the body to benefit it medicinally; a douche
bath.
2. (Med.) A syringe.
Dou"cine (?), n. [F.]
(Arch.) Same as Cyma/recta, under
Cyma.
Douck"er (?), n. [From
aouck, for duck. See Duck, v.
t.] (Zo\'94l.) A grebe or diver; --
applied also to the golden-eye, pochard, scoter, and other
ducks. [Written also ducker.]
[Prov. Eng.]
Dough (?), n. [OE.
dagh, dogh, dow, AS.
d\'beh; akin to D. deeg, G.
teig, Icel. deig, Sw. deg, Dan.
deig, Goth. daigs; also, to Goth.
deigan to knead, L. fingere to form, shape,
Skr. dih to smear; cf. Gr. / wall, / to touch,
handle. /. Cf. Feign, Figure, Dairy,
Duff.]
1. Paste of bread; a soft mass of moistened flour
or meal, kneaded or unkneaded, but not yet baked; as, to
knead dough.
2. Anything of the consistency of such paste.
To have one's cake dough. See under
Cake.
Dough"-baked` (?), a.
Imperfectly baked; hence, not brought to perfection;
unfinished; also, of weak or dull understanding.
[Colloq.]
Halliwell.
Dough"bird` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) The Eskimo curlew (Numenius
borealis). See Curlew.
Dough"face` (?), n. A
contemptuous nickname for a timid, yielding politician, or one
who is easily molded. [Political cant, U. S.]
Dough"-faced` (?), a. Easily
molded; pliable.
Dough"face`ism (?), n. The
character of a doughface; truckling pliability.
Dough"i*ness, n. The quality or state of
being doughy.
Dough"-knead`ed (?), a. Like
dough; soft.
He demeans himself . . . like a dough-kneaded
thing.
Milton.
Dough"nut (?), n. A small cake
(usually sweetened) fried in a kettle of boiling lard.
Dough"ti*ly (?), adv. In a
doughty manner.
Dough"ti*ness, n. The quality of being
doughty; valor; bravery.
Dough"tren (?), n. pl. [See
Daughter.] Daughters.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dough"ty (?), a.
[Compar. Doughtier (?);
superl. Doughtiest.] [OE.
duhti, dohti, douhti, brave,
valiant, fit, useful, AS, dyhtig; akin to G.
t\'81chtig, Dan. dygtig, Sw.
dygdig virtuous, and fr. AS. dugan to
avail, be of use, be strong, akin to D. deugen, OHG.
tugan, G. taugen, Icel. & Sw.
duga, Dan. due, Goth. dugan, but
of uncertain origin; cf. Skr. duh to milk, give milk,
draw out, or Gr. / fortune. /.] Able; strong;
valiant; redoubtable; as, a doughty hero.
Sir Thopas wex [grew] a doughty swain.
Chaucer.
Doughty families, hugging old musty quarrels to
their hearts, buffet each other from generation to
generation.
Motley.
Dough"y (?), a. Like dough;
soft and heavy; pasty; crude; flabby and pale; as, a
doughy complexion.
Dou*loc"ra*cy (?), n. [Gr. /
slave + / to rule.] A government by slaves.
[Written also dulocracy.]
Hare.
Doum" palm` (d. See
Doom palm.
Doupe (?), n. (Zo\'94l.)
The carrion crow. [Written also
dob.] [Prov. Eng.]
Dour (?), a. [Cf. F.
dur, L. durus.] Hard;
inflexible; obstinate; sour in aspect; hardy; bold.
[Scot.]
A dour wife, a sour old carlin.
C. Reade.
Dou"ra (?), n. A kind of
millet. See Durra.
\'d8Dou`rou*cou"li (?), n. See
Durukuli.
Douse (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Doused (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Dousing.]
[Cf. Dowse, and OD. donsen to strike
with the fist on the back, Sw. dunsa to fall down
violently and noisily; perh. akin to E. din.]
1. To plunge suddenly into water; to duck; to
immerse; to dowse.
Bp. Stillingfleet.
2. (Naut.) To strike or lower in haste;
to slacken suddenly; as, douse the
topsail.
Douse, v. i. To fall suddenly into
water.
Hudibras.
Douse, v. t. [AS. dw\'91scan.
(Skeat.)] To put out; to extinguish.
[Slang] \'bd To douse the glim.\'b8
Sir W. Scott.
Dous"ing-chock` (?), n.
(Shipbuilding) One of several pieces fayed across
the apron and lapped in the knightheads, or inside planking above
the upper deck.
Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Dout (?), v. t. [Do
+ out. Cf. Doff.] To put
out. [Obs.] \'bdIt douts the
light.\'b8
Sylvester.
Dout"er (?), n. An extinguisher
for candles. [Obs.]
Dove (?), n. [OE.
dove, duve, douve, AS.
d/fe; akin to OS. d/ba, D.
duif, OHG. t/ba, G. taube,
Icel. d/fa, Sw. dufva, Dan.
due, Goth. d/b/; perh. from the root of
E. dive.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A pigeon of the genus
Columba and various related genera. The species are
numerous.
fantails, tumblers, carrier
pigeons, etc., was derived from the rock pigeon
(Columba livia) of Europe and Asia; the
turtledove of Europe, celebrated for its sweet,
plaintive note, is C. turtur or Turtur
vulgaris; the ringdove, the largest of European
species, is C. palumbus; the Carolina dove,
or Mourning dove, is Zenaidura macroura;
the sea dove is the little auk (Mergulus
alle or Alle alle). See Turtledove,
Ground dove, and Rock pigeon. The dove is a
symbol of innocence, gentleness, and affection; also, in art and
in the Scriptures, the typical symbol of the Holy
Ghost.<-- also a symbol of peace -->
2. A word of endearment for one regarded as pure
and gentle.
O my dove, . . . let me hear thy voice.
Cant. ii. 14.
Dove tick (Zo\'94l.), a mite
(Argas reflexus) which infests doves and other
birds. -- Soiled dove, a prostitute.
[Slang]
{ Dove"cot` (?), Dove"cote`
(?), } n. A small house or box,
raised to a considerable height above the ground, and having
compartments, in which domestic pigeons breed; a dove
house.
Like an eagle in a dovecote, I
Fluttered your Volscians in Corioli.
Shak.
Dove"-eyed` (?), a. Having eyes
like a dove; meekeyed; as, dove-eyed
Peace.
Dove"kie (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) A guillemot (Uria grylle),
of the arctic regions. Also applied to the little auk or sea
dove. See under Dove.
Dove"let (?), n. A young or
small dove.
Booth.
Dove"like` (?), a. Mild as a
dove; gentle; pure and lovable.
Longfellow.
Dove" plant` (?). (Bot.) A
Central American orchid (Peristeria elata), having a
flower stem five or six feet high, with numerous globose white
fragrant flowers. The column in the center of the flower
resembles a dove; -- called also Holy Spirit
plant.
Do"ver's Pow"der (?). [From Dr.
Dover, an English physician.] (Med.)
A powder of ipecac and opium, compounded, in the United
States, with sugar of milk, but in England (as formerly in the
United States) with sulphate of potash, and in France (as in Dr.
Dover's original prescription) with nitrate and sulphate of
potash and licorice. It is an anodyne diaphoretic.
Dove's"-foot` (?), n.
(Bot.) (a) A small annual species of
Geranium, native in England; -- so called from the shape of the
leaf. (b) The columbine. [Prov.
Eng.]
Halliwell.
Dove"ship (?), n. The
possession of dovelike qualities, harmlessness and
innocence. [Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
Dove"tail` (?), n.
(Carp.) A flaring tenon, or tongue (shaped like a
bird's tail spread), and a mortise, or socket, into which it fits
tightly, making an interlocking joint between two pieces which
resists pulling a part in all directions except one.
Dovetail molding (Arch.), a molding
of any convex section arranged in a sort of zigzag, like a series
of dovetails. -- Dovetail saw (Carp.),
a saw used in dovetailing.
Dove"tail`, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dovetailed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Dovetailing.]
1. (Carp.) (a) To cut to a
dovetail. (b) To join by means of
dovetails.
2. To fit in or connect strongly, skillfully, or
nicely; to fit ingeniously or complexly.
He put together a piece of joinery so crossly indented and
whimsically dovetailed . . . that it was indeed a very
curious show.
Burke.
Dov"ish (?), a. Like a dove;
harmless; innocent. \'bdJoined with dovish
simplicity.\'b8
Latimer.
Dow (?), n. A kind of vessel.
See Dhow.
Dow, v. t. [F. douer. See
Dower.] To furnish with a dower; to
endow. [Obs.]
Wyclif.
Dow"a*ble (?), a. [From
Dow, v. t.] Capable of being
endowed; entitled to dower.
Blackstone.
Dow"a*ger (?), n. [OF.
douagiere, fr. douage dower. See
Dower.]
1. (Eng. Law) A widow endowed, or having
a jointure; a widow who either enjoys a dower from her deceased
husband, or has property of her own brought by her to her husband
on marriage, and settled on her after his decease.
Blount. Burrill.
2. A title given in England to a widow, to
distinguish her from the wife of her husband's heir bearing the
same name; -- chiefly applied to widows of personages of
rank.
With prudes for proctors, dowagers for deans.
Tennyson.
Queen dowager, the widow of a king.
Dow"a*ger*ism (?), n. The rank
or condition of a dowager; formality, as that of a dowager. Also
used figuratively.
Mansions that have passed away into dowagerism.
Thackeray.
Dow"cet (?), n. [See
Doucet.] One of the testicles of a hart or
stag. [Spelt also doucet.]
B. Jonson.
Dow"dy (?), a.
[Compar. Dowdier (?);
superl. Dowdiest.] [Scot.
dawdie slovenly, daw, da
sluggard, drab, Prov. E. dowd flat, dead.]
Showing a vulgar taste in dress; awkward and slovenly in
dress; vulgar-looking. -- Dow"di*ly
(#), adv. -- Dow"di*ness,
n.
Dow"dy, n.; pl. Dowdies
(/). An awkward, vulgarly dressed,
inelegant woman.
Shak. Dryden.
Dow"dy*ish, a. Like a dowdy.
Dow"el (?), n. [Cf. G.
d\'94bel peg, F. douelle state of a cask,
surface of an arch, douille socket, little pipe,
cartridge.] (Mech.)
1. A pin, or block, of wood or metal, fitting into
holes in the abutting portions of two pieces, and being partly in
one piece and partly in the other, to keep them in their proper
relative position.
2. A piece of wood driven into a wall, so that
other pieces may be nailed to it.
Dowel joint, a joint secured by a dowel or
dowels. -- Dowel pin, a dowel. See
Dowel, n., 1.
Dow"el, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Doweled (?) Dowelled;
p. pr. & vb. n. Doweling or
Dowelling.] To fasten together by
dowels; to furnish with dowels; as, a cooper dowels
pieces for the head of a cask.
Dow"er (?), n. [F.
douaire, LL. dotarium, from L.
dotare to endow, portion, fr. dos dower;
akin to Gr. / gift, and to L. dare to give. See 1st
Date, and cf. Dot dowry,
Dotation.]
1. That with which one is gifted or endowed;
endowment; gift.
How great, how plentiful, how rich a dower!
Sir J. Davies.
Man in his primeval dower arrayed.
Wordsworth.
2. The property with which a woman is
endowed; especially: (a) That which a woman
brings to a husband in marriage; dowry. [Obs.]
His wife brought in dower Cilicia's crown.
Dryden.
(b) (Law) That portion of the real
estate of a man which his widow enjoys during her life, or to
which a woman is entitled after the death of her husband.
Blackstone.
Dower, in modern use, is and should be
distinguished from dowry. The former is a provision
for a widow on her husband's death; the latter is a bride's
portion on her marriage.
Abbott.
Assignment of dower. See under
Assignment.
Dow"ered (?), p. a. Furnished
with, or as with, dower or a marriage portion.
Shak.
Dow"er*less, a. Destitute of dower;
having no marriage portion.
Shak.
Dow"er*y (?), n. See
Dower.
Dow"itch*er (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) The red-breasted or gray snipe
(Macrorhamphus griseus); -- called also
brownback, and
grayback.
Dowl (?), n. Same as
Dowle.
Dow"las (?), n. [Prob. fr.
Doullens, a town of Picardy, in France, formerly
celebrated for this manufacture.] A coarse linen cloth
made in the north of England and in Scotland, now nearly replaced
by calico.
Shak.
Dowle (?), n. [Cf. OF.
douille soft. Cf. Ductile.]
Feathery or wool-like down; filament of a feather.
Shak.
No feather, or dowle of a feather.
De Quincey.
Down (?), n. [Akin to LG.
dune, dun, Icel. d/nn, Sw.
dun, Dan. duun, G. daune, cf. D.
dons; perh. akin to E. dust.]
1. Fine, soft, hairy outgrowth from the skin or
surface of animals or plants, not matted and fleecy like
wool; esp.: (a) (Zo\'94l.) The
soft under feathers of birds. They have short stems with soft
rachis and bards and long threadlike barbules, without
hooklets. (b) (Bot.) The
pubescence of plants; the hairy crown or envelope of the seeds of
certain plants, as of the thistle. (c) The
soft hair of the face when beginning to appear.
And the first down begins to shade his face.
Dryden.
2. That which is made of down, as a bed or pillow;
that which affords ease and repose, like a bed of down
When in the down I sink my head,
Sleep, Death's twin brother, times my breath.
Tennyson.
Thou bosom softness, down of all my cares!
Southern.
<-- p. 449 -->
Down tree (Bot.), a tree of Central
America (Ochroma Lagopus), the seeds of which are
enveloped in vegetable wool.
Down (?), v. t. To cover,
ornament, line, or stuff with down. [R.]
Young.
Down, n. [OE. dun,
doun, AS. d/n; of Celtic origin; cf. Ir.
d/n hill, fortified hill, Gael. dun heap,
hillock, hill, W. din a fortified hill or mount; akin
to E. town. See Town, and cf. Down,
adv. & prep., Dune.]
1. A bank or rounded hillock of sand thrown up by
the wind along or near the shore; a flattish-topped hill; --
usually in the plural.
Hills afford prospects, as they must needs acknowledge who
have been on the downs of Sussex.
Ray.
She went by dale, and she went by down.
Tennyson.
2. A tract of poor, sandy, undulating or hilly land
near the sea, covered with fine turf which serves chiefly for the
grazing of sheep; -- usually in the plural.
[Eng.]
Seven thousand broad-tailed sheep grazed on his
downs.
Sandys.
3. pl. A road for shipping in the
English Channel or Straits of Dover, near Deal, employed as a
naval rendezvous in time of war.
On the 11th [June, 1771] we run up the channel . . . at noon
we were abreast of Dover, and about three came to an anchor in
the Downs, and went ashore at Deal.
Cook (First Voyage).
4. pl. [From the adverb.] A
state of depression; low state; abasement.
[Colloq.]
It the downs of life too much outnumber the
ups.
M. Arnold.
Down, adv. [For older adown,
AS. ad/n, ad/ne, prop., from or off the
hill. See 3d Down, and cf. Adown, and cf.
Adown.]
1. In the direction of gravity or toward the center
of the earth; toward or in a lower place or position; below; --
the opposite of up.
2. Hence, in many derived uses, as: (a)
From a higher to a lower position, literally or
figuratively; in a descending direction; from the top of an
ascent; from an upright position; to the ground or floor; to or
into a lower or an inferior condition; as, into a state of
humility, disgrace, misery, and the like; into a state of rest;
-- used with verbs indicating motion.
It will be rain to-night. Let it come down.
Shak.
I sit me down beside the hazel grove.
Tennyson.
And that drags down his life.
Tennyson.
There is not a more melancholy object in the learned world
than a man who has written himself down.
Addison.
The French . . . shone down [i. e.,
outshone] the English.
Shak.
(b) In a low or the lowest position, literally or
figuratively; at the bottom of a decent; below the horizon; of
the ground; in a condition of humility, dejection, misery, and
the like; in a state of quiet.
I was down and out of breath.
Shak.
The moon is down; I have not heard the clock.
Shak.
He that is down needs fear no fall.
Bunyan.
3. From a remoter or higher antiquity.
Venerable men! you have come down to us from a
former generation.
D. Webster.
4. From a greater to a less bulk, or from a thinner
to a thicker consistence; as, to boil down in
cookery, or in making decoctions.
Arbuthnot.
Down is sometimes used elliptically,
standing for go down, come down, tear
down, take down, put down, haul
down, pay down, and the like, especially in
command or exclamation.
Down, therefore, and beg mercy of the duke.
Shak.
If he be hungry more than wanton, bread alone will
down.
Locke.
Down is also used intensively; as, to be loaded
down; to fall down; to hang
down; to drop down; to pay down.
The temple of Her\'8a at Argos was burnt down.
Jowett (Thucyd. ).
Down, as well as up, is sometimes used in a
conventional sense; as, down East.
Persons in London say down to Scotland, etc., and
those in the provinces, up to London.
Stormonth.
Down helm (Naut.), an order to the
helmsman to put the helm to leeward. -- Down
on upon (joined with a verb
indicating motion, as go, come,
pounce), to attack, implying the idea of
threatening power.
Come down upon us with a mighty power.
Shak.
-- Down with, take down, throw down, put down; --
used in energetic command. \'bdDown with the
palace; fire it.\'b8 Dryden. -- To be down
on, to dislike and treat harshly. [Slang,
U.S.] -- To cry down. See under
Cry, v. t. -- To cut down.
See under Cut, v. t. -- Up and
down, with rising and falling motion; to and fro;
hither and thither; everywhere. \'bdLet them wander up
and down.\'b8 Ps. lix. 15.
Down, prep. [From Down,
adv.]
1. In a descending direction along; from a higher
to a lower place upon or within; at a lower place in or on;
as, down a hill; down a well.
2. Hence: Towards the mouth of a river; towards the
sea; as, to sail or swim down a stream; to sail
down the sound.
Down the country, toward the sea, or toward
the part where rivers discharge their waters into the ocean.
-- Down the sound, in the direction of the ebbing
tide; toward the sea.
Down, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Downed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Downing.] To cause to go down; to make
descend; to put down; to overthrow, as in wrestling; hence, to
subdue; to bring down. [Archaic or Colloq.]
\'bdTo down proud hearts.\'b8
Sir P. Sidney.
I remember how you downed Beauclerk and Hamilton,
the wits, once at our house.
Madame D'Arblay.
Down, v. i. To go down; to
descend.
Locke.
Down, a. 1. Downcast; as, a
down look. [R.]
2. Downright; absolute; positive; as, a
down denial. [Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.
3. Downward; going down; sloping; as, a
down stroke; a down grade; a down
train on a railway.
Down draught, a downward draft, as in a flue,
chimney, shaft of a mine, etc. -- Down in the
mouth, chopfallen; dejected.
<-- = down at the mouth -->
Down"bear` (?), v. t. To bear
down; to depress.
Down"cast` (?), a. Cast
downward; directed to the ground, from bashfulness, modesty,
dejection, or guilt.
'T is love, said she; and then my downcast eyes,
And guilty dumbness, witnessed my surprise.
Dryden.
- Down"cast`ly, adv. --
Down"cast`ness, n.
Down"cast`, n. 1. Downcast or
melancholy look.
That downcast of thine eye.
Beau. & Fl.
2. (mining) A ventilating shaft down
which the air passes in circulating through a mine.
Down"come` (?), n. 1.
Sudden fall; downfall; overthrow.
Milton.
2. (Iron Manuf.) A pipe for leading
combustible gases downward from the top of the blast furnace to
the hot-blast stoves, boilers, etc., where they are burned.
Down"fall` (?), n. 1.
A sudden fall; a body of things falling.
Those cataracts or downfalls aforesaid.
Holland.
Each downfall of a flood the mountains pour.
Dryden.
2. A sudden descent from rank or state, reputation
or happiness; destruction; ruin.
Dire were the consequences which would follow the
downfall of so important a place.
Motley.
Down"fall`en (?), a. Fallen;
ruined.
Carew.
Down"fall`ing, a. Falling down.
Down"gyved` (?), a. Hanging
down like gyves or fetters. [Poetic & Rare]
Shak.
Down"haul` (?), n.
(Naut.) A rope to haul down, or to assist in
hauling down, a sail; as, a staysail downhaul; a
trysail downhaul.
Down"heart`ed (?), a. Dejected;
low-spirited.
Down"hill` (?), adv. Towards
the bottom of a hill; as, water runs
downhill.
Down"hill`, a. Declivous; descending;
sloping. \'bdA downhill greensward.\'b8
Congrewe.
Down"hill`, n. Declivity; descent;
slope.
On th' icy downhills of this slippery life.
Du Bartas (Trans. ).
Down"i*ness (?), n. The quality
or state of being downy.
Down"looked` (?), a. Having a
downcast countenance; dejected; gloomy; sullen.
[R.]
Dryden.
Down"ly`ing (?), n. The time of
retiring to rest; time of repose.
Cavendish.
At the downlying, at the travail in
childbirth. [Scot.]
Down"pour` (?), n. A pouring or
streaming downwards; esp., a heavy or continuous shower.
Down"right` (?), adv. 1.
Straight down; perpendicularly.
2. In plain terms; without ceremony.
We shall chide downright, id I longer stay.
Shak.
3. Without delay; at once; completely.
[Obs.]
She fell downright into a fit.
Arbuthnot.
Down"right`, a. 1. Plain;
direct; unceremonious; blunt; positive; as, he spoke in his
downright way.
A man of plain, downright character.
Sir W. Scott.
2. Open; artless; undisguised; absolute; unmixed;
as, downright atheism.
The downright impossibilities charged upon it.
South.
Gloomy fancies which in her amounted to downright
insanity.
Prescott.
-- Down"right`ly, adv. --
Down"right`ness, n.
Down"-share` (?), n. A
breastplow used in paring off turf on downs.
[Eng.]
Knight.
Down"sit`ting (?), n. The act
of sitting down; repose; a resting.
Thou knowest my downsitting and my uprising.
Ps. cxxxix. 2.
Down"stairs (?), adv. Down the
stairs; to a lower floor. -- a. Below
stairs; as, a downstairs room.
Down"steep`y (?), a. Very
steep. [Obs.]
Florio.
Down"stream` (?), adv. Down the
stream; as, floating downstream.
Down"stroke` (?), n.
(Penmanship) A stroke made with a downward motion
of the pen or pencil.
Down"throw` (?), n.
(Geol.) The sudden drop or depression of the
strata of rocks on one side of a fault. See Throw,
n.
{ Down"trod` (?), Down"trod`den
(?), } a. Trodden down; trampled
down; abused by superior power.
Shak.
{ Down"ward (?), Down"wards
(?), } adv. [AS.
ad/nweard. See Down, adv., and
-ward.]
1. From a higher place to a lower; in a descending
course; as, to tend, move, roll, look, or take root,
downward or downwards. \'bdLooking
downwards.\'b8
Pope.
Their heads they downward bent.
Drayton.
2. From a higher to a lower condition; toward
misery, humility, disgrace, or ruin.
And downward fell into a groveling swine.
Milton.
3. From a remote time; from an ancestor or
predecessor; from one to another in a descending line.
A ring the county wears,
That downward hath descended in his house,
From son to son, some four or five descents.
Shak.
Down"ward, a. 1. Moving or
extending from a higher to a lower place; tending toward the
earth or its center, or toward a lower level; declivous.
With downward force
That drove the sand along he took his way.
Dryden.
2. Descending from a head, origin, or source;
as, a downward line of descent.
3. Tending to a lower condition or state;
depressed; dejected; as, downward
thoughts.
Sir P. Sidney.
Down"weed` (?), n. (Bot.)
Cudweed, a species of Gnaphalium.
Down`weigh" (?), v. t. To weigh
or press down.
A different sin downweighs them to the bottom.
Longfellow.
Down"y (?), a. 1.
Covered with down, or with pubescence or soft hairs.
\'bdA downy feather.\'b8
Shak.
Plants that . . . have downy or velvet rind upon
their leaves.
Bacon.
2. Made of, or resembling, down. Hence,
figuratively: Soft; placid; soothing; quiet. \'bdA
downy shower.\'b8 Keble. \'bdDowny
pillow.\'b8
Pope.
Time steals on with downy feet.
Young.
3. Cunning; wary. [Slang, Eng.]
Latham.
Dow"ral (?), a. Of or relating
to a dower. [R.]
Dow"ress, n. A woman entitled to
dower.
Bouvier.
Dow"ry (?), n.; pl.
Dowries (#). [Contr. from
dowery; cf. LL. dotarium. See
Dower.]
1. A gift; endowment. [Obs.]
Spenser.
2. The money, goods, or estate, which a woman
brings to her husband in marriage; a bride's portion on her
marriage. See Note under Dower.
Shak. Dryden.
3. A gift or presents for the bride, on espousal.
See Dower.
Ask me never so much dowry and gift, and I will
give . . .; but give me the damsel to wife.
Gen. xxxiv. 12.
Dowse (?), v. t. [Cf. 1st
Douse.]
1. To plunge, or duck into water; to immerse; to
douse.
2. [Cf. OD. doesen to strike, Norw.
dusa to break.] To beat or thrash.
[Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
Dowse, v. i. To use the dipping or
divining rod, as in search of water, ore, etc.
Adams had the reputation of having dowsed
successfully for more than a hundred wells.
Eng. Cyc.
Dowse, n. A blow on the face.
[Low]
Colman.
Dows"er (?), n. 1. A
divining rod used in searching for water, ore, etc., a dowsing
rod. [Colloq.]
2. One who uses the dowser or divining rod.
Eng. Cyc.
Dowst (?), n. A dowse.
[Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.
Dow"ve (?), n. A dove.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dox`o*log"ic*al (?), a.
Pertaining to doxology; giving praise to God.
Howell.
Dox*ol"o*gize (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Doxologized; p.
pr. & vb. n. Doxologizing.] To
give glory to God, as in a doxology; to praise God with
doxologies.
Dox*ol"o*gy (?), n.; pl.
Doxologies (#). [LL.
doxologia, Gr. /, fr. / praising, giving glory;
/ opinion, estimation, glory, praise (from / to think,
imagine) + / to speak: cf. F. doxologie. See
Dogma, and Legend.] In Christian
worship: A hymn expressing praise and honor to God; a form of
praise to God designed to be sung or chanted by the choir or the
congregation.
David breaks forth into these triumphant praises and
doxologies.
South.
Dox"y (?), n.; pl.
Doxies (#). [See Duck a
pet.] A loose wench; a disreputable sweetheart.
Shak.
Doy"ly (?), n. See
Doily.
Doze (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Dozed (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Dozing.]
[Prob. akin to daze, dizzy: cf. Icel.
d/sa to doze, Dan. d\'94se to make dull,
heavy, or drowsy, d\'94s dullness, drowsiness,
d\'94sig drowsy, AS. dw/s dull, stupid,
foolish. ///. Cf. Dizzy.] To slumber;
to sleep lightly; to be in a dull or stupefied condition, as if
half asleep; to be drowsy.
If he happened to doze a little, the jolly cobbler
waked him.
L'Estrange.
Doze, v. t. 1. To pass or spend
in drowsiness; as, to doze away one's
time.
2. To make dull; to stupefy.
[Obs.]
I was an hour . . . in casting up about twenty sums, being
dozed with much work.
Pepys.
They left for a long time dozed and benumbed.
South.
Doze, n. A light sleep; a drowse.
Tennyson.
Doz"en (?), n.; pl.
Dozen (before another noun), Dozens
(/). [OE. doseine, dosein,
OF. doseine, F. douzaine, fr.
douze twelve, fr. L. duodecim;
duo two + decem ten. See Two,
Ten, and cf. Duodecimal.]
1. A collection of twelve objects; a tale or set of
twelve; with or without of before the substantive
which follows. \'bdSome six or seven dozen of
Scots.\'b8 \'bdA dozen of shirts to your back.\'b8
\'bdA dozen sons.\'b8 \'bdHalf a dozen
friends.\'b8
Shak.
2. An indefinite small number.
Milton.
A baker's dozen, thirteen; -- called also a
long dozen.
Doz"enth (?), a. Twelfth.
[R.]
Doz"er (?), n. One who dozes or
drowses.
Doz"i*ness (?), n. The state of
being dozy; drowsiness; inclination to sleep.
Doz"y (?), a. Drowsy; inclined
to doze; sleepy; sluggish; as, a dozy
head.
Dryden.
Doz"zled (?), a.
[///.] Stupid; heavy. [Obs. or
Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
Drab (?), n. [AS.
drabbe dregs, lees; akin to D. drab,
drabbe, dregs, G. treber; for sense 1, cf.
also Gael. drabag a slattern, drabach
slovenly. Cf. Draff.]
1. A low, sluttish woman.
King.
2. A lewd wench; a strumpet.
Shak.
3. A wooden box, used in salt works for holding the
salt when taken out of the boiling pans.
Drab, v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Drabbed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Drabbing.] To associate with
strumpets; to wench.
Beau. & Fl.
Drab, n. [F. drap cloth: LL.
drappus, trapus, perh. orig., a firm, solid
stuff, cf. F. draper to drape, also to full cloth;
prob. of German origin; cf. Icel. drepa to beat,
strike, AS. drepan, G. treffen; perh. akin
to E. drub. Cf. Drape,
Trappings.]
1. A kind of thick woolen cloth of a dun, or dull
brownish yellow, or dull gray, color; -- called also
drabcloth.
2. A dull brownish yellow or dull gray color.
Drab, a. Of a color between gray and
brown. -- n. A drab
color.
Drab"ber (?), n. One who
associates with drabs; a wencher.
Massinger.
Drab"bet (?), n. A coarse linen
fabric, or duck.
Drab"bish, a. Somewhat drab in
color.
Drab"bish (?), a. Having the
character of a drab or low wench. \'bdThe
drabbish sorceress.\'b8
Drant.
Drab"ble (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Drabbled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Drabbling
(?).] [///.See Drab,
Draff.] To draggle; to wet and befoul by
draggling; as, to drabble a gown or cloak.
Halliwell.
<-- p. 450 -->
Drab"ble (?), v. i. To fish
with a long line and rod; as, to drabble for
barbels.
Drab"bler (?), n. (Naut.)
A piece of canvas fastened by lacing to the bonnet of a
sail, to give it a greater depth, or more drop.
Drab"ble-tail` (?), n. A
draggle-tail; a slattern.
Halliwell.
\'d8Dra*c\'91"na (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / she-dragon.] (Bot.) A genus of
liliaceous plants with woody stems and funnel-shaped
flowers.
Drac\'91na Draco, the source of the
dragon's blood of the Canaries, forms a tree, sometimes of
gigantic size.
Dra"canth (?), n. A kind of
gum; -- called also gum tragacanth, or
tragacanth. See Tragacanth.
Drachm (?), n. [See
Drachma.]
1. A drachma.
2. Same as Dram.
\'d8Drach"ma (?), n.; pl. E.
Drachmas (#), L. Drachm\'91
(#). [L., fr. Gr. /. See
Dram.]
1. A silver coin among the ancient Greeks, having a
different value in different States and at different periods. The
average value of the Attic drachma is computed to have been about
19 cents.
2. A gold and silver coin of modern Greece worth
19.3 cents.
3. Among the ancient Greeks, a weight of about 66.5
grains; among the modern Greeks, a weight equal to a gram.
\'d8Drach"me (?), n. [F.]
See Drachma.
Dra"cin (?), n.[Cf. F.
dracine.] (Chem.) See
Draconin.
\'d8Dra"co (?), n. [L. See
Dragon.]
1. (Astron.) The Dragon, a northern
constellation within which is the north pole of the
ecliptic.
2. A luminous exhalation from marshy grounds.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of lizards. See
Dragon, 6.
Dra*co"ni*an (?), a. Pertaining
to Draco, a famous lawgiver of Athens, 621 b. c.
Draconian code, Draconian
laws, a code of laws made by Draco. Their
measures were so severe that they were said to be written in
letters of blood; hence, any laws of excessive rigor.
Dra*con"ic (?), a. Relating to
Draco, the Athenian lawgiver; or to the constellation Draco; or
to dragon's blood.
Dra*co"nin (?), n. [Cf. F.
draconine. See Draco.]
(Chem.) A red resin forming the essential basis
of dragon's blood; -- called also
dracin.
Dra*con"tic (?), a. [From L.
draco dragon, in allusion to the terms dragon's
head and dragon's tail.]
(Astron.) Belonging to that space of time in
which the moon performs one revolution, from ascending node to
ascending node. See Dragon's head, under
Dragon. [Obs.]
\'bdDracontic month.\'b8
Crabb.
Dra*con"tine (?), a. [L.
draco dragon.] Belonging to a dragon.
Southey.
\'d8Dra*cun"cu*lus (?), n.; pl.
Dracunculi (#). [L., dim. of
draco dragon.] (Zo\'94l.)
(a) A fish; the dragonet. (b)
The Guinea worm (Filaria medinensis).
Drad (?), p. p. & a.
Dreaded. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Drad"de (?), imp. of
Dread. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dradge (?), n. (Min.)
Inferior ore, separated from the better by cobbing.
Raymond.
Draff (?), n. [Cf. D.
draf the sediment of ale, Icel. draf draff,
husks. Cf. 1st Drab.] Refuse; lees; dregs;
the wash given to swine or cows; hogwash; waste matter.
Prodigals lately come from swine keeping, from eating
draff and husks.
Shak.
The draff and offal of a bygone age.
Buckle.
Mere chaff and draff, much better burnt.
Tennyson.
Draff"ish, a. Worthless; draffy.
Bale.
Draff"y (?), a. Dreggy; waste;
worthless.
The dregs and draffy part.
Beau. & Fl.
Draff (?), n. [The same word as
draught. OE. draught, draht, fr.
AS. dragan to draw. See Draw, and cf.
Draught.]
1. The act of drawing; also, the thing drawn. Same
as Draught.
Everything available for draft burden.
S. G. Goodrich.
2. (Mil.) A selecting or detaching of
soldiers from an army, or from any part of it, or from a military
post; also from any district, or any company or collection of
persons, or from the people at large; also, the body of men thus
drafted.
Several of the States had supplied the deficiency by
drafts to serve for the year.
Marshall.
3. An order from one person or party to another,
directing the payment of money; a bill of exchange.
I thought it most prudent to deter the drafts till
advice was received of the progress of the loan.
A. Hamilton.
4. An allowance or deduction made from the gross
veight of goods.
Simmonds.
5. A drawing of lines for a plan; a plan
delineated, or drawn in outline; a delineation. See
Draught.
6. The form of any writing as first drawn up; the
first rough sketch of written composition, to be filled in, or
completed. See Draught.
7. (Masonry) (a) A narrow
border left on a finished stone, worked differently from the rest
of its face. (b) A narrow border worked to a
plane surface along the edge of a stone, or across its face, as a
guide to the stone-cutter.
8. (Milling) The slant given to the
furrows in the dress of a millstone.
9. (Naut.) Depth of water necessary to
float a ship. See Draught.
10. A current of air. Same as
Draught.
Draft, a. 1. Pertaining to, or
used for, drawing or pulling (as vehicles, loads, etc.). Same as
Draught.
2. Relating to, or characterized by, a draft, or
current of air. Same as Draught.
draft and draught,
in the senses above-given, are both on approved use.
Draft box, Draft engine,
Draft horse, Draft net, Draft
ox, Draft tube. Same as Draught
box, Draught engine, etc. See under
Draught.
Draft (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Drafted; p. pr.
& vb. n. Drafting.]
1. To draw the outline of; to delineate.
2. To compose and write; as, to draft
a memorial.
3. To draw from a military band or post, or from
any district, company, or society; to detach; to select.
Some royal seminary in Upper Egypt, from whence they
drafted novices to supply their colleges and
temples.
Holwell.
4. To transfer by draft.
All her rents been drafted to London.
Fielding.
Drafts"man (?), n. See
Draughtsman.
Drag (?), n. [See 3d
Dredge.] A confection; a comfit; a
drug. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Drag, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dragged (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Dragging (?).] [OE.
draggen; akin to Sw. dragga to search with
a grapnel, fr. dragg grapnel, fr. draga to
draw, the same word as E. draw. / See
Draw.]
1. To draw slowly or heavily onward; to pull along
the ground by main force; to haul; to trail; -- applied to
drawing heavy or resisting bodies or those inapt for drawing,
with labor, along the ground or other surface; as, to
drag stone or timber; to drag a net in
fishing.
Dragged by the cords which through his feet were
thrust.
Denham.
The grossness of his nature will have weight to
drag thee down.
Tennyson.
A needless Alexandrine ends the song
That, like a wounded snake, drags its slow length
along.
Pope.
2. To break, as land, by drawing a drag or harrow
over it; to harrow; to draw a drag along the bottom of, as a
stream or other water; hence, to search, as by means of a
drag.
Then while I dragged my brains for such a song.
Tennyson.
3. To draw along, as something burdensome; hence,
to pass in pain or with difficulty.
Have dragged a lingering life.
Dryden.
To drag an anchor (Naut.), to trail
it along the bottom when the anchor will not hold the
ship.
Syn. -- See Draw.
Drag, v. i. 1. To be drawn
along, as a rope or dress, on the ground; to trail; to be moved
onward along the ground, or along the bottom of the sea, as an
anchor that does not hold.
2. To move onward heavily, laboriously, or slowly;
to advance with weary effort; to go on lingeringly.
The day drags through, though storms keep out the
sun.
Byron.
Long, open panegyric drags at best.
Gay.
3. To serve as a clog or hindrance; to hold
back.
A propeller is said to drag when the sails urge the
vessel faster than the revolutions of the screw can propel
her.
Russell.
4. To fish with a dragnet.
Drag, n. [See Drag, v.
t., and cf. Dray a cart, and 1st
Dredge.]
1. The act of dragging; anything which is
dragged.
2. A net, or an apparatus, to be drawn along the
bottom under water, as in fishing, searching for drowned persons,
etc.
3. A kind of sledge for conveying heavy bodies;
also, a kind of low car or handcart; as, a stone
drag.
4. A heavy coach with seats on top; also, a heavy
carriage. [Collog.]
Thackeray.
5. A heavy harrow, for breaking up ground.
6. (a) Anything towed in the water to
retard a ship's progress, or to keep her head up to the wind;
esp., a canvas bag with a hooped mouth, so used. See Drag
sail (below). (b) Also, a skid or
shoe, for retarding the motion of a carriage wheel.
(c) Hence, anything that retards; a clog; an
obstacle to progress or enjoyment.
My lectures were only a pleasure to me, and no
drag.
J. D. Forbes.
7. Motion affected with slowness and difficulty, as
if clogged. \'bdHad a drag in his walk.\'b8
Hazlitt.
8. (Founding) The bottom part of a flask
or mold, the upper part being the cope.
9. (Masonry) A steel instrument for
completing the dressing of soft stone.
10. (Marine Engin.) The difference
between the speed of a screw steamer under sail and that of the
screw when the ship outruns the screw; or between the propulsive
effects of the different floats of a paddle wheel. See Citation
under Drag, v. i., 3.
Drag sail (Naut.), a sail or canvas
rigged on a stout frame, to be dragged by a vessel through the
water in order to keep her head to the wind or to prevent
drifting; -- called also drift sail,
drag sheet, drag anchor,
sea anchor, floating
anchor, etc. -- Drag twist
(Mining), a spiral hook at the end of a rod for
cleaning drilled holes.
Dra*gan"tine (?), n. [See
Dracanth.] A mucilage obtained from, or
containing, gun tragacanth.
Drag"bar` (?), n. Same as
Drawbar (b). Called also
draglink, and
drawlink. [U. S.]
Drag"bolt` (?), n. A coupling
pin. See under Coupling. [U. S.]
\'d8Dra`g\'82es" (?), n. pl.
[F. See 3d Dredge.] (Pharmacy)
Sugar-coated medicines.
Drag"gle (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Draggled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Draggling
(?).] [Freq. of drag.
/// Cf. Drawl.] To wet and soil by
dragging on the ground, mud, or wet grass; to drabble; to
trail.
Gray.
With draggled nets down-hanging to the tide.
Trench.
Drag"gle, v. i. To be dragged on the
ground; to become wet or dirty by being dragged or trailed in the
mud or wet grass.
Hudibras.
Drag"gle-tail` (?), n. A
slattern who suffers her gown to trail in the mire; a
drabble-tail.
Drag"gle-tailed` (?), a.
Untidy; sluttish; slatternly.
W. Irving.
Drag"link` (?), n.
(Mach.) (a) A link connecting the cranks
of two shafts. (b) A drawbar.
Drag"man (?), n.; pl.
Dragmen (/). A fisherman who
uses a dragnet.
Sir M. Hale.
Drag"net` (?), n. [Cf. AS.
dr\'91gnet.] A net to be drawn along the
bottom of a body of water, as in fishing.
Drag"o*man (?), n.; pl.
Dragomans (#). [From F.
dragoman, or Sp. dragoman, or It.
dragomanno; all fr. LGr. /, Ar.
tarjum\'ben, from the same source as E.
targum. Cf. Drogman,
Truchman.] An interpreter; -- so called in
the Levant and other parts of the East.
Drag"on (?), n. [F.
dragon, L. draco, fr. Gr. /, prob. fr.
/, /, to look (akin to Skr. dar/ to see), and so
called from its terrible eyes. Cf. Drake a dragon,
Dragoon.]
1. (Myth.) A fabulous animal, generally
represented as a monstrous winged serpent or lizard, with a
crested head and enormous claws, and regarded as very powerful
and ferocious.
The dragons which appear in early paintings and
sculptures are invariably representations of a winged
crocodile.
Fairholt.
dragon refers to
any great monster, whether of the land or sea, usually to some
kind of serpent or reptile, sometimes to land serpents of a
powerful and deadly kind. It is also applied metaphorically to
Satan.
Thou breakest the heads of the dragons in the
waters.
Ps. lxxiv. 13.
Thou shalt tread upon the lion and adder; the young lion and
the dragon shalt thou trample under feet.
Ps. xci. 13.
He laid hold on the dragon, that old serpent, which
is the Devil and Satan, and bound him a thousand years.
Rev. xx. 2.
2. A fierce, violent person, esp. a woman.
Johnson.
3. (Astron.) A constellation of the
northern hemisphere figured as a dragon; Draco.
4. A luminous exhalation from marshy grounds,
seeming to move through the air as a winged serpent.
5. (Mil. Antiq.) A short musket hooked
to a swivel attached to a soldier's belt; -- so called from a
representation of a dragon's head at the muzzle.
Fairholt.
6. (Zo\'94l.) A small arboreal lizard of
the genus Draco, of several species, found in the East Indies and
Southern Asia. Five or six of the hind ribs, on each side, are
prolonged and covered with weblike skin, forming a sort of wing.
These prolongations aid them in making long leaps from tree to
tree. Called also flying lizard.
7. (Zo\'94l.) A variety of carrier
pigeon.
8. (Her.) A fabulous winged creature,
sometimes borne as a charge in a coat of arms.
Dragon is often used adjectively, or in
combination, in the sense of relating to,
resembling, or characteristic of, a
dragon.
Dragon arum (Bot.), the name of
several species of Aris\'91ma, a genus of plants
having a spathe and spadix. See Dragon
root(below). -- Dragon fish
(Zo\'94l.), the dragonet. -- Dragon
fly (Zo\'94l.), any insect of the family
Libellulid\'91. They have finely formed, large and
strongly reticulated wings, a large head with enormous eyes, and
a long body; -- called also mosquito hawks.
Their larv\'91 are aquatic and insectivorous. -- Dragon
root (Bot.), an American aroid plant
(Aris\'91ma Dracontium); green dragon. --
Dragon's blood, a resinous substance obtained from
the fruit of several species of Calamus, esp. from
C. Rotang and C. Draco, growing in the East
Indies. A substance known as dragon's blood is obtained
by exudation from Drac\'91na Draco; also from
Pterocarpus Draco, a tree of the West Indies and South
America. The color is red, or a dark brownish red, and it is used
chiefly for coloring varnishes, marbles, etc. Called also
Cinnabar Gr\'91corum. -- Dragon's
head. (a) (Bot.) A plant of several
species of the genus Dracocephalum. They are perennial
herbs closely allied to the common catnip. (b)
(Astron.) The ascending node of a planet,
indicated, chiefly in almanacs, by the symbol /. The deviation
from the ecliptic made by a planet in passing from one node to
the other seems, according to the fancy of some, to make a figure
like that of a dragon, whose belly is where there is the greatest
latitude; the intersections representing the head and tail; --
from which resemblance the denomination arises. Encyc.
Brit. -- Dragon shell (Zo\'94l.),
a species of limpet. -- Dragon's skin,
fossil stems whose leaf scars somewhat resemble the scales of
reptiles; -- a name used by miners and quarrymen.
Stormonth. -- Dragon's tail
(Astron.), the descending node of a planet,
indicated by the symbol /. See Dragon's head
(above). -- Dragon's wort (Bot.),
a plant of the genus Artemisia (A.
dracunculus). -- Dragon tree
(Bot.), a West African liliaceous tree
(Drac\'91na Draco), yielding one of the resins called
dragon's blood. See Drac\'91na. -- Dragon
water, a medicinal remedy very popular in the earlier
half of the 17th century. \'bdDragon water may do good
upon him.\'b8 Randolph (1640). -- Flying
dragon, a large meteoric fireball; a bolide.
Drag"on*et (?), n. 1.
A little dragon.
Spenser.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A small British marine
fish (Callionymuslyra); -- called also yellow
sculpin, fox, and
gowdie.
Drag"on*ish, a. resembling a
dragon.
Shak.
Drag"on*like` (?), a. Like a
dragon.
Shak.
<-- p. 451 -->
Drag`on*nade" (?), n. [F., fr.
dragon dragoon, because Louis XIV., in persecuting the
Protestants of his kingdom, quartered dragoons upon them.]
The severe persecution of French Protestants under Louis
XIV., by an armed force, usually of dragoons; hence, a rapid and
devastating incursion; dragoonade.
He learnt it as he watched the dragonnades, the
tortures, the massacres of the Netherlands.
C. Kingsley.
{ Drag"on's blood, Drag"on's head,
Drag"on's tail }. See Dragon's
blood, Dragon's head, etc., under
Dragon.
Dra*goon" (?), n. [F.
dragon dragon, dragoon, fr. L. draco
dragon, also, a cohort's standard (with a dragon on it). The name
was given from the sense standard. See
Dragon.]
1. ((Mil.) Formerly, a soldier who was
taught and armed to serve either on horseback or on foot; now, a
mounted soldier; a cavalry man.
2. A variety of pigeon.
Clarke.
Dragoon bird (Zo\'94l.), the
umbrella bird.
Dra*goon", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dragooned (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Dragooning.]
1. To harass or reduce to subjection by dragoons;
to persecute by abandoning a place to the rage of soldiers.
2. To compel submission by violent measures; to
harass; to persecute.
The colonies may be influenced to anything, but they can be
dragooned to nothing.
Price.
Lewis the Fourteenth is justly censured for trying to
dragoon his subjects to heaven.
Macaulay.
Drag`oon*ade" (?), n. See
Dragonnade.
Dra*goon"er (?), n. A
dragoon. [Obs.]
Drail (?), v. t. & i.
[///.] To trail; to draggle.
[Obs.]
South.
Drain (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Drained
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Draining.] [AS. drehnigean
to drain, strain; perh. akin to E. draw.]
1. To draw off by degrees; to cause to flow
gradually out or off; hence, to cause the exhaustion of.
Fountains drain the water from the ground
adjacent.
Bacon.
But it was not alone that the he drained their
treasure and hampered their industry.
Motley.
2. To exhaust of liquid contents by drawing them
off; to make gradually dry or empty; to remove surface water, as
from streets, by gutters, etc.; to deprive of moisture; hence, to
exhaust; to empty of wealth, resources, or the like; as, to
drain a country of its specie.
Sinking waters, the firm land to drain,
Filled the capacious deep and formed the main.
Roscommon.
3. To filter.
Salt water, drained through twenty vessels of
earth, hath become fresh.
Bacon.
Drain, v. i. 1. To flow
gradually; as, the water of low ground drains
off.
2. To become emptied of liquor by flowing or
dropping; as, let the vessel stand and
drain.
Drain, n. 1. The act of
draining, or of drawing off; gradual and continuous outflow or
withdrawal; as, the drain of specie from a
country.
2. That means of which anything is drained; a
channel; a trench; a water course; a sewer; a sink.
3. pl. The grain from the mashing tub;
as, brewers' drains. [Eng.]
Halliwell.
Box drain, Counter drain.
See under Box, Counter. -- Right
of drain (Law), an easement or servitude by
which one man has a right to convey water in pipes through or
over the estate of another.
Kent.
Drain"a*ble (?), a. Capable of
being drained.
Drain"age (?), n. 1. A
draining; a gradual flowing off of any liquid; also, that which
flows out of a drain.
2. The mode in which the waters of a country pass
off by its streams and rivers.
3. (Engin.) The system of drains and
their operation, by which superfluous water is removed from
towns, railway beds, mines, and other works.
4. Area or district drained; as, the
drainage of the Po, the Thames, etc.
Latham.
5. (Surg.) The act, process, or means of
drawing off the pus or fluids from a wound, abscess, etc.
Drainage tube (Surg.), a tube
introduced into a wound, etc., to draw off the
discharges.
\'d8Draine (?), n. [F.]
(Zo\'94l.) The missel thrush.
Drain"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, drains.
Drain"ing, vb. n. of Drain,
v. t. (Agric.) The art of
carrying off surplus water, as from land.
Draining tile. Same as
Draintile.
Drain"pipe` (?), n. A pipe used
for carrying off surplus water.
Drain"tile` (?), n. A hollow
tile used in making drains; -- called also draining
tile.
Drain"trap` (?), n. See 4th
Trap, 5.
Drake (?), n. [Akin to LG.
drake, OHG. antrache, anetrecho,
G. enterich, Icel. andriki, Dan.
andrik, OSw. andrak, andrage,
masc., and fr. AS. ened, fem., duck; akin to D.
eend, G. ente, Icel. \'94nd,
Dan. and, Sw. and, Lith. antis,
L. anas, Gr. / (for /), and perh. Skr.
\'beti a water fowl. ////. In English the
first part of the word was lost. The ending is akin to E.
rich. Cf. Gulaund.]
1. The male of the duck kind.
2. [Cf. Dragon fly, under
Dragon.] The drake fly.
The drake will mount steeple height into the
air.
Walton.
Drake fly, a kind of fly, sometimes used in
angling.
The dark drake fly, good in August.
Walton.
Drake, n. [AS. draca dragon,
L. draco. See Dragon.]
1. A dragon. [Obs.]
Beowulf resolves to kill the drake.
J. A. Harrison (Beowulf).
2. A small piece of artillery.
[Obs.]
Two or three shots, made at them by a couple of
drakes, made them stagger.
Clarendon.
Drake, n. [Cf. F. dravik, W.
drewg, darnel, cockle, etc.] Wild oats,
brome grass, or darnel grass; -- called also
drawk, dravick, and
drank. [Prov. Eng.]
Dr. Prior.
Drake"stone (?), n. A flat
stone so thrown along the surface of water as to skip from point
to point before it sinks; also, the sport of so throwing stones;
-- sometimes called ducks and drakes.
Internal earthquakes, that, not content with one throe, run
along spasmodically, like boys playing at what is called
drakestone.
De Quincey.
Dram (?), n. [OF.
drame, F. drachme, L. drachma,
drachm, drachma, fr. Gr. /, prop., a handful, fr. / to grasp.
Cf. Drachm, Drachma.]
1. A weight; in Apothecaries' weight,
one eighth part of an ounce, or sixty grains; in Avoirdupois
weight, one sixteenth part of an ounce, or 27.34375
grains.
2. A minute quantity; a mite.
Were I the chooser, a dram of well-doing should be
preferred before many times as mush the forcible hindrance of
evildoing.
Milton.
3. As much spirituous liquor as is usually drunk at
once; as, a dram of brandy; hence, a potation
or potion; as, a dram of poison.
Shak.
4. (Numis.) A Persian daric.
Ezra ii. 69.
Fluid dram, Fluid
drachm. See under Fluid.
Dram, v. i. & t. To drink drams; to ply
with drams. [Low]
Johnson. Thackeray.
Dra"ma (?; 277), n. [L.
drama, Gr. /, fr. / to do, act; cf. Lith.
daryti.]
1. A composition, in prose or poetry, accommodated
to action, and intended to exhibit a picture of human life, or to
depict a series of grave or humorous actions of more than
ordinary interest, tending toward some striking result. It is
commonly designed to be spoken and represented by actors on the
stage.
A divine pastoral drama in the Song of Solomon.
Milton.
2. A series of real events invested with a dramatic
unity and interest. \'bdThe drama of war.\'b8
Thackeray.
Westward the course of empire takes its way;
The four first acts already past,
A fifth shall close the drama with the day;
Time's noblest offspring is the last.
Berkeley.
The drama and contrivances of God's providence.
Sharp.
3. Dramatic composition and the literature
pertaining to or illustrating it; dramatic literature.
tragedy and comedy; inferior species are
tragi-comedy, melodrama, operas,
burlettas, and farces.
The romantic drama, the kind of drama whose
aim is to present a tale or history in scenes, and whose plays
(like those of Shakespeare, Marlowe, and others) are stories told
in dialogue by actors on the stage.
J. A. Symonds.
{ Dra*mat"ic (?), Dra*mat"ic*al
(?), } a. [Gr. /, fr. /: cf.
F. dramatique.] Of or pertaining to the
drama; appropriate to, or having the qualities of, a drama;
theatrical; vivid.
The emperor . . . performed his part with much
dramatic effect.
Motley.
Dra*mat"ic*al*ly, adv. In a dramatic
manner; theatrically; vividly.
\'d8Dram"a*tis per*so"n\'91 (?).
[L.] The actors in a drama or play.
Dram"a*tist (?), n. [Cf. F.
dramatiste.] The author of a dramatic
composition; a writer of plays.
Dram"a*ti`za*ble (?), a.
Capable of being dramatized.
Dram`a*ti*za"tion (?), n. Act
of dramatizing.
Dram"a*tize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dramatized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dramatizing
(?).] [Cf. F.
dramatiser.] To compose in the form of the
drama; to represent in a drama; to adapt to dramatic
representation; as, to dramatize a novel, or an
historical episode.
They dramatized tyranny for public execration.
Motley.
Dram`a*tur"gic (?), a. Relating
to dramaturgy.
Dram"a*tur`gist (?), n. One
versed in dramaturgy.
Carlyle.
Dram"a*tur`gy (?), n. [Gr. /
dramatic composition; / drama + a root akin to E.
work: cf. F. dramaturgie.] The
art of dramatic composition and representation.
Dram"ming (?), n. The practice
of drinking drams.
Dram"sell`er (?), n. One who
sells distilled liquors by the dram or glass.
Dram"shop` (?), n. A shop or
barroom where spirits are sold by the dram.
Drank (?), imp. of
Drink.
Drank, n. [Cf. 3d Drake.]
Wild oats, or darnel grass. See Drake a
plant. [Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
\'d8Drap` d'\'82*t\'82" (?). [F., clot of
summer.] A thin woolen fabric, twilled like
merino.
Drape (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Draped (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Draping
(?).] [F. draper, fr.
drap cloth. See 3d Drab.]
1. To cover or adorn with drapery or folds of
cloth, or as with drapery; as, to drape a bust, a
building, etc.
The whole people were draped professionally.
De Quincey.
These starry blossoms, [of the snow] pure and white,
Soft falling, falling, through the night,
Have draped the woods and mere
.
Bungay.
2. To rail at; to banter. [Obs.]
Sir W. Temple.
Drape, v. i. 1. To make
cloth. [Obs.]
Bacon.
2. To design drapery, arrange its folds, etc., as
for hangings, costumes, statues, etc.
Dra"per (?), n. [F.
drapier.] One who sells cloths; a dealer in
cloths; as, a draper and tailor.
Dra"per*ied (?), a. Covered or
supplied with drapery. [R.]
Byron.
Dra"per*y (?), n.; pl.
Draperies (#). [F.
draperie.]
1. The occupation of a draper; cloth-making, or
dealing in cloth.
Bacon.
2. Cloth, or woolen stuffs in general.
People who ought to be weighing out grocery or measuring out
drapery.
Macaulay.
3. A textile fabric used for decorative purposes,
especially when hung loosely and in folds carefully disturbed;
as: (a) Garments or vestments of this character worn
upon the body, or shown in the representations of the human
figure in art. (b) Hangings of a room or hall, or about
a bed.
Like one that wraps the drapery of his couch
About him, and lies down to pleasant dreams.
Bryant.
All the decent drapery of life is to be rudely torn
off.
Burke.
Casting of draperies. See under
Casting.
The casting of draperies . . . is one of the most
important of an artist's studies.
Fairholt.
Dra"pet (?), n. [Dim. of
drap.] Cloth. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Dras"tic (?), a. [Gr. /, fr.
/ to do, act: cf. F. drastique. See
Drama.] (Med.) Acting rapidly and
violently; efficacious; powerful; -- opposed to bland;
as, drastic purgatives. --
n. (Med.) A violent purgative.
See Cathartic.
Dras"ty (?), a. [AS.
d\'91rstan, dresten, dregs.]
Filthy; worthless. [Obs.]
\'bdDrasty ryming.\'b8
Chaucer.
Draugh (?), n. See
Draft. [Obs.]
Draught (?), n. [The same as
draft, the spelling with gh indicating an
older pronunciation. See Draft, n.,
Draw.]
1. The act of drawing or pulling; as:
(a) The act of moving loads by drawing, as by
beasts of burden, and the like.
A general custom of using oxen for all sort of
draught would be, perhaps, the greatest
improvement.
Sir W. Temple.
(b) The drawing of a bowstring.
[Obs.]
She sent an arrow forth with mighty draught.
Spenser.
(c) Act of drawing a net; a sweeping the water for
fish.
Upon the draught of a pond, not one fish was
left.
Sir M. Hale.
(d) The act of drawing liquor into the mouth and
throat; the act of drinking.
In his hands he took the goblet, but a while the
draught forbore.
Trench.
(e) A sudden attack or drawing upon an enemy.
[Obs.]
By drawing sudden draughts upon the enemy when he
looketh not for you.
Spenser.
(f) (Mil.) The act of selecting or
detaching soldiers; a draft (see Draft, n.,
2) (g) The act of drawing up, marking out, or
delineating; representation.
Dryden.
2. That which is drawn; as: (a)
That which is taken by sweeping with a net.
Launch out into the deep, and let down your nets for a
draught.
Luke v. 4.
He laid down his pipe, and cast his net, which brought him a
very great draught.
L'Estrange.
(b) (Mil.) The force drawn; a
detachment; -- in this sense usually written
draft. (c) The quantity drawn in
at once in drinking; a potion or potation.
Disguise thyself as thou wilt, still, Slavery, . . . still
thou art a bitter draught.
Sterne.
Low lies that house where nut-brown draughts
inspired.
Goldsmith.
(d) A sketch, outline, or representation, whether
written, designed, or drawn; a delineation.
A draught of a Toleration Act was offered to the
Parliament by a private member.
Macaulay.
No picture or draught of these things from the
report of the eye.
South.
(e) (Com.) An order for the payment of
money; -- in this sense almost always written
draft. (f) A current of air moving
through an inclosed place, as through a room or up a
chimney.
Thackeray.
He preferred to go and sit upon the stairs, in . . . a strong
draught of air, until he was again sent for.
Dickens.
3. That which draws; as: (a) A
team of oxen or horses. Blackstone. (b)
A sink or drain; a privy. Shak. Matt. xv.
17. (c) pl. (Med.) A
mild vesicatory; a sinapism; as, to apply draughts
to the feet.
4. Capacity of being drawn; force necessary to
draw; traction.
The Hertfordshire wheel plow . . . is of the easiest
draught.
Mortimer.
5. (Naut.) The depth of water necessary
to float a ship, or the depth a ship sinks in water, especially
when laden; as, a ship of twelve feet
draught.
6. (Com.) An allowance on weighable
goods. [Eng.] See Draft, 4.
7. A move, as at chess or checkers.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
8. The bevel given to the pattern for a casting, in
order that it may be drawn from the sand without injury to the
mold.
9. (Masonry) See Draft,
n., 7.
Angle of draught, the angle made with the
plane over which a body is drawn by the line in which the pulling
force acts, when the latter has the direction best adapted to
overcome the obstacles of friction and the weight of the
body. -- Black draught. See under
Black, a. -- Blast
draught, Forced draught, the
draught produced by a blower, as by blowing in air beneath a fire
or drawing out the gases from above it. -- Natural
draught, the draught produced by the atmosphere
flowing, by its own weight, into a chimney wherein the air is
rarefied by heat. -- On draught, so as to be
drawn from the wood (as a cask, barrel, etc.) in distinction from
being bottled; as, ale on draught. -- Sheer
draught. See under Sheer.
Draught, a. 1. Used for drawing
vehicles, loads, etc.; as, a draught beast;
draught hooks.
2. Relating to, or characterized by, a draft, or
current of air.
3. Used in making drawings; as,
draught compasses.
4. Drawn directly from the barrel, or other
receptacle, in distinction from bottled; on draught;
-- said of ale, cider, and the like.
draft, a spelling which is
approved by many authorities.
Draught box. See Draught tube,
below. -- Draught engine (Mining),
an engine used for pumping, raising heavy weights, and the
like. -- Draught hook (Mil.), one
of the hooks on a cannon carriage, used in drawing the gun
backward and forward. -- Draught horse, a
horse employed in drawing loads, plowing, etc., as distinguished
from a saddle horse or carriage horse. -- Draught
net, a seine or hauling net. -- Draught
ox, an ox employed in hauling loads, plowing, etc.
-- Draught tube (Water Wheels), an
airtight pipe extending downward into the tailrace from a turbine
wheel located above it, to make whole fall available; -- called
also draught box.
<-- p. 452 -->
Draught (dr, v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Draughted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Draughting.]
1. To draw out; to call forth. See
Draft.
Addison.
2. To diminish or exhaust by drawing.
[R.]
The Parliament so often draughted and drained.
Sir W. Scott.
3. To draw in outline; to make a draught, sketch,
or plan of, as in architectural and mechanical drawing.
Draughting room, a room draughtsmen to work
in, and where plans are kept.
Draught"board` (?), n. A
checkered board on which draughts are played. See
Checkerboard.
Draught"house` (?), n. A house
for the reception of waste matter; a privy.
[Obs.]
2 Kings x. 27.
Draughts (?), n. pl. A mild
vesicatory. See Draught, n., 3
(c).
Draughts, n. pl. A game, now more
commonly called checkers. See Checkers.
Polish draughts is sometimes played with
40 pieces on a board divided into 100 squares.
Am. Cyc.
Draughts"man (?), n.; pl.
Draughtsmen (/).
1. One who draws pleadings or other writings.
2. One who draws plans and sketches of machinery,
structures, and places; also, more generally, one who makes
drawings of any kind.
3. A \'bdman\'b8 or piece used in the game of
draughts.
4. One who drinks drams; a tippler.
[Obs.]
Tatler.
Draughts"man*ship, n. The office, art,
or work of a draughtsman.
Draught"y (?), a. Pertaining to
a draught, or current of air; as, a draughtly,
comfortless room.
Drave (?), old imp. of
Drive. [Obs.]
Dra"vi*da (?), n. pl. [Skr.
Dr\'bevi/a, prob. meaning, Tamil.]
(Ethnol.) A race Hindostan, believed to be the
original people who occupied the land before the Hindoo or Aryan
invasion.
Dra*vid"i*an (?), a. [From Skr.
Dr\'bevi/a, the name of the southern portion of the
peninsula of India.] (Ethnol.) Of or
pertaining to the Dravida.
Dravidian languages, a group of languages of
Southern India, which seem to have been the idioms of the
natives, before the invasion of tribes speaking Sanskrit. Of
these languages, the Tamil is the most important.
Draw (?), v. t.
[imp. Drew (?); p.
p. Drawn (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Drawing.] [OE. dra/en,
drahen, draien, drawen, AS.
dragan; akin to Icel. & Sw. draga, Dan.
drage to draw, carry, and prob. to OS.
dragan to bear, carry, D. dragen, G.
tragen, Goth. dragan; cf. Skr.
dhraj to move along, glide; and perh. akin to Skr.
dhar to hold, bear. ///. Cf. 2d Drag,
Dray a cart, 1st Dredge.]
1. To cause to move continuously by force applied
in advance of the thing moved; to pull along; to haul; to drag;
to cause to follow.
He cast him down to ground, and all along
Drew him through dirt and mire without remorse.
Spenser.
He hastened to draw the stranger into a private
room.
Sir W. Scott.
Do not rich men oppress you, and draw you before
the judgment seats?
James ii. 6.
The arrow is now drawn to the head.
Atterbury.
2. To influence to move or tend toward one's self;
to exercise an attracting force upon; to call towards itself; to
attract; hence, to entice; to allure; to induce.
The poet
Did feign that Orpheus drew trees, stones, and
floods.
Shak.
All eyes you draw, and with the eyes the heart.
Dryden.
3. To cause to come out for one's use or benefit;
to extract; to educe; to bring forth; as: (a) To bring
or take out, or to let out, from some receptacle, as a stick or
post from a hole, water from a cask or well, etc.
The drew out the staves of the ark.
2 Chron. v. 9.
Draw thee waters for the siege.
Nahum iii. 14.
I opened the tumor by the point of a lancet without
drawing one drop of blood.
Wiseman.
(b) To pull from a sheath, as a sword.
I will draw my sword, my hand shall destroy
them.
Ex. xv. 9.
(c) To extract; to force out; to elicit; to
derive.
Spirits, by distillations, may be drawn out of
vegetable juices, which shall flame and fume of themselves.
Cheyne.
Until you had drawn oaths from him.
Shak.
(d) To obtain from some cause or origin; to infer
from evidence or reasons; to deduce from premises; to
derive.
We do not draw the moral lessons we might from
history.
Burke.
(e) To take or procure from a place of deposit; to
call for and receive from a fund, or the like; as, to
draw money from a bank. (f) To
take from a box or wheel, as a lottery ticket; to receive from a
lottery by the drawing out of the numbers for prizes or blanks;
hence, to obtain by good fortune; to win; to gain; as, he
drew a prize. (g) To select by the
drawing of lots.
Provided magistracies were filled by men freely chosen or
drawn.
Freeman.
4. To remove the contents of; as:
(a) To drain by emptying; to suck dry.
Sucking and drawing the breast dischargeth the milk
as fast as it can generated.
Wiseman.
(b) To extract the bowels of; to eviscerate;
as, to draw a fowl; to hang, draw, and
quarter a criminal.
In private draw your poultry, clean your tripe.
King.
5. To take into the lungs; to inhale; to inspire;
hence, also, to utter or produce by an inhalation; to
heave. \'bdWhere I first drew air.\'b8
Milton.
Drew, or seemed to draw, a dying
groan.
Dryden.
6. To extend in length; to lengthen; to protract;
to stretch; to extend, as a mass of metal into wire.
How long her face is drawn!
Shak.
And the huge Offa's dike which he drew from the
mouth of Wye to that of Dee.
J. R. Green.
7. To run, extend, or produce, as a line on any
surface; hence, also, to form by marking; to make by an
instrument of delineation; to produce, as a sketch, figure, or
picture.
8. To represent by lines drawn; to form a sketch or
a picture of; to represent by a picture; to delineate; hence, to
represent by words; to depict; to describe.
A flattering painter who made it his care
To draw men as they ought to be, not as they are.
Goldsmith.
Can I, untouched, the fair one's passions move,
Or thou draw beauty and not feel its power?
Prior.
9. To write in due form; to prepare a draught of;
as, to draw a memorial, a deed, or bill of
exchange.
Clerk, draw a deed of gift.
Shak.
10. To require (so great a depth, as of water) for
floating; -- said of a vessel; to sink so deep in (water);
as, a ship draws ten feet of water.
11. To withdraw. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Go wash thy face, and draw the action.
Shak.
12. To trace by scent; to track; -- a hunting
term.
Draw, in most of its uses, retains some
shade of its original sense, to pull, to move forward by the
application of force in advance, or to extend in length, and
usually expresses an action as gradual or continuous, and
leisurely. We pour liquid quickly, but we
draw it in a continued stream. We force
compliance by threats, but we draw it by gradual
prevalence. We may write a letter with haste, but we
draw a bill with slow caution and regard to a precise
form. We draw a bar of metal by continued
beating.
To draw a bow, to bend the bow by drawing the
string for discharging the arrow. -- To draw a
cover, to clear a cover of the game it contains.
-- To draw a curtain, to cause a curtain to slide
or move, either closing or unclosing. \'bdNight draws the
curtain, which the sun withdraws.\'b8 Herbert.
-- To draw a line, to fix a limit or
boundary. -- To draw back, to receive back,
as duties on goods for exportation. -- To draw
breath, to breathe. Shak. --
To draw cuts lots.
See under Cut, n. -- To draw
in. (a) To bring or pull in; to collect.
(b) To entice; to inveigle. -- To draw
interest, to produce or gain interest. -- To
draw off, to withdraw; to abstract.
Addison. -- To draw on, to bring on; to
occasion; to cause. \'bdWar which either his negligence
drew on, or his practices procured.\'b8
Hayward. -- To draw (one) out, to elicit
cunningly the thoughts and feelings of another. -- To
draw out, to stretch or extend; to protract; to spread
out. -- \'bdWilt thou draw out thine anger to all
generations?\'b8 Ps. lxxxv. 5. \'bdLinked sweetness long
drawn out.\'b8 Milton. -- To draw
over, to cause to come over, to induce to leave one
part or side for the opposite one. -- To draw the
longbow, to exaggerate; to tell preposterous
tales. -- To draw (one) to (something), to move, to incite, to
induce. \'bdHow many actions most ridiculous hast thou been
drawn to by thy fantasy?\'b8 Shak. -- To
draw up. (a) To compose in due form; to
draught; to form in writing. (b) To arrange in
order, as a body of troops; to array. \'bdDrawn up in
battle to receive the charge.\'b8
Dryden.
Syn. -- To Draw, Drag.
Draw differs from drag in this, that
drag implies a natural inaptitude for drawing, or
positive resistance; it is applied to things pulled or hauled
along the ground, or moved with toil or difficulty.
Draw is applied to all bodies moved by force in
advance, whatever may be the degree of force; it commonly implies
that some kind of aptitude or provision exists for drawing.
Draw is the more general or generic term, and
drag the more specific. We say, the horses
draw a coach or wagon, but they drag it
through mire; yet draw is properly used in both
cases.
Draw (?), v. i. 1. To
pull; to exert strength in drawing anything; to have force to
move anything by pulling; as, a horse draws well;
the sails of a ship draw well.
draw when it is filled
with wind.
2. To draw a liquid from some receptacle, as water
from a well.
The woman saith unto him, Sir, thou hast nothing to
draw with, and the well is deep.
John iv. 11.
3. To exert an attractive force; to act as an
inducement or enticement.
Keep a watch upon the particular bias of their minds, that it
may not draw too much.
Addison.
4. (Med.) To have efficiency as an
epispastic; to act as a sinapism; -- said of a blister, poultice,
etc.
5. To have draught, as a chimney, flue, or the
like; to furnish transmission to smoke, gases, etc.
6. To unsheathe a weapon, especially a sword.
So soon as ever thou seest him, draw; and as thou
drawest, swear horrible.
Shak.
7. To perform the act, or practice the art, of
delineation; to sketch; to form figures or pictures.
\'bdSkill in drawing.\'b8
Locke.
8. To become contracted; to shrink. \'bdTo
draw into less room.\'b8
Bacon.
9. To move; to come or go; literally, to draw one's
self; -- with prepositions and adverbs; as, to draw
away, to move off, esp. in racing, to get in front; to
obtain the lead or increase it; to draw back, to
retreat; to draw level, to move up even (with
another); to come up to or overtake another; to draw
off, to retire or retreat; to draw on, to
advance; to draw up, to form in array; to draw
near, nigh, or towards, to approach;
to draw together, to come together, to collect.
10. To make a draft or written demand for payment
of money deposited or due; -- usually with on or
upon.
You may draw on me for the expenses of your
journey.
Jay.
11. To admit the action of pulling or dragging; to
undergo draught; as, a carriage draws
easily.
12. To sink in water; to require a depth for
floating. \'bdGreater hulks draw deep.\'b8
Shak.
To draw to a head. (a) (Med.)
To begin to suppurate; to ripen, as a boil. (b)
Fig.: To ripen, to approach the time for action; as, the plot
draws to a head.
Draw, n. 1. The act of drawing;
draught.
2. A lot or chance to be drawn.
3. A drawn game or battle, etc.
[Colloq.]
4. That part of a bridge which may be raised, swung
round, or drawn aside; the movable part of a drawbridge. See the
Note under Drawbridge. [U.S.]
Draw"a*ble (?), a. Capable of
being drawn.
Draw"back` (?), n. 1.
A lose of advantage, or deduction from profit, value,
success, etc.; a discouragement or hindrance; objectionable
feature.
The avari/e of Henry VII . . . . must be deemed a
drawback from the wisdom ascribed to him.
Hallam.
2. (Com.) Money paid back or remitted;
especially, a certain amount of duties or customs, sometimes the
whole, and sometimes only a part, remitted or paid back by the
government, on the exportation of the commodities on which they
were levied.
M/Culloch.
Draw"bar` (?), n.
(Railroad) (a) An openmouthed bar at the
end of a car, which receives a coupling link and pin by which the
car is drawn. It is usually provided with a spring to give
elasticity to the connection between the cars of a train.
(b) A bar of iron with an eye at each end, or a
heavy link, for coupling a locomotive to a tender or car.
Draw"bench` (?), n.
(Med.) A machine in which strips of metal are
drawn through a drawplate; especially, one in which wire is thus
made; -- also called drawing bench.
Draw"bolt` (?), n.
(Engin.) A coupling pin. See under
Coupling.
Draw"bore` (?), n.
(Joinery) A hole bored through a tenon nearer to
the shoulder than the holes through the cheeks are to the edge or
abutment against which the shoulder is to rest, so that a pin or
bolt, when driven into it, will draw these parts together.
Weale.
Draw"bore`, v. t. 1. To make a
drawbore in; as, to drawbore a tenon.
2. To enlarge the bore of a gun barrel by drawing,
instead of thrusting, a revolving tool through it.
Draw"boy` (?), n.
(Weaving) A boy who operates the harness cords of
a hand loom; also, a part of power loom that performs the same
office.
Draw"bridge` (?), n. A bridge
of which either the whole or a part is made to be raised up, let
down, or drawn or turned aside, to admit or hinder communication
at pleasure, as before the gate of a town or castle, or over a
navigable river or canal.
bascule, balance, or
lifting bridge, a turning,
swivel, or swing bridge, or a rolling
bridge, according as it turns on a hinge vertically, or on
a pivot horizontally, or is pushed on rollers.
Draw"can*sir (?), n. [From the
name of a bullying braggart character in the play by George
Villiers called \'bdThe Rehearsal.\'b8] A blustering,
bullying fellow; a pot-valiant braggart; a bully.
The leader was of an ugly look and gigantic stature; he acted
like a drawcansir, sparing neither friend nor foe.
Addison.
Draw"-cut` (?), n. A single cut
with a knife.
Draw*ee" (?), n. (Law)
The person on whom an order or bill of exchange is drawn; --
the correlative of drawer.
Draw"er (?), n. 1. One
who, or that which, draws; as: (a) One who
draws liquor for guests; a waiter in a taproom.
Shak. (b) One who delineates or depicts; a
draughtsman; as, a good drawer.
(c) (Law) One who draws a bill of
exchange or order for payment; -- the correlative of
drawee.
2. That which is drawn; as: (a)
A sliding box or receptacle in a case, which is opened by
pulling or drawing out, and closed by pushing in.
(b) pl. An under-garment worn on the
lower limbs.
Chest of drawers. See under
Chest.
Draw"fil`ing (?), n. The
process of smooth filing by working the file sidewise instead of
lengthwise.
Draw"gear` (?), n. 1.
A harness for draught horses.
2. (Railroad) The means or parts by
which cars are connected to be drawn.
Draw"gloves` (?), n. pl. An old
game, played by holding up the fingers.
Herrick.
Draw"head` (?), n.
(Railroad) The flanged outer end of a drawbar;
also, a name applied to the drawgear.
Draw"ing, n. 1. The act of
pulling, or attracting.
2. The act or the art of representing any object by
means of lines and shades; especially, such a representation when
in one color, or in tints used not to represent the colors of
natural objects, but for effect only, and produced with hard
material such as pencil, chalk, etc.; delineation; also, the
figure or representation drawn.
3. The process of stretching or spreading metals as
by hammering, or, as in forming wire from rods or tubes and cups
from sheet metal, by pulling them through dies.
4. (Textile Manuf.) The process of
pulling out and elongating the sliver from the carding machine,
by revolving rollers, to prepare it for spinning.
5. The distribution of prizes and blanks in a
lottery.
Drawing is used adjectively or as the
first part of compounds in the sense of pertaining to
drawing, for drawing (in the sense of pulling,
and of pictorial representation); as, drawing master
or drawing-master, drawing knife or
drawing-knife, drawing machine,
drawing board, drawing paper,
drawing pen, drawing pencil, etc.
A drawing of tea, a small portion of tea for
steeping. -- Drawing knife. See in the
Vocabulary. -- Drawing paper (Fine
Arts), a thick, sized paper for draughtsman and for
water-color painting. -- Drawing slate, a
soft, slaty substance used in crayon drawing; -- called also
black chalk, or drawing
chalk. -- Free-hand drawing, a
style of drawing made without the use of guiding or measuring
instruments, as distinguished from mechanical or geometrical
drawing; also, a drawing thus executed.
<-- p. 453 -->
{ Draw"ing knife" (?),
Draw"knife` (?) }, n.
1. A joiner's tool having a blade with a handle at
each end, used to shave off surfaces, by drawing it toward one; a
shave; -- called also drawshave, and
drawing shave.
2. (Carp.) A tool used for the purpose
of making an incision along the path a saw is to follow, to
prevent it from tearing the surface of the wood.
Draw"ing-room` (?), n. [Abbrev.
fr. withdraw-ing-room.]
1. A room appropriated for the reception of
company; a room to which company withdraws from the dining
room.
2. The company assembled in such a room; also, a
reception of company in it; as, to hold a
drawing-room.
He [Johnson] would amaze a drawing-room by suddenly
ejaculating a clause of the Lord's Prayer.
Macaulay.
Drawing-room car. See Palace car,
under Car.
Drawl (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Drawled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Drawling.] [Prob. fr. draw:
cf. D. dralen to linger, tarry, Icel.
dralla to loiter. See Draw, and cf.
Draggle.] To utter in a slow, lengthened
tone.
Drawl, v. i. To speak with slow and
lingering utterance, from laziness, lack of spirit, affectation,
etc.
Theologians and moralists . . . talk mostly in a
drawling and dreaming way about it.
Landor.
Drawl, n. A lengthened, slow monotonous
utterance.
Draw"latch` (?), n. A
housebreaker or thief. [Obs.]
Old Play (1631).
Drawl"ing (?), n. The act of
speaking with a drawl; a drawl. --
Drawl"ing*ly, adv.
Bacon.
Draw"link` (?), n. Same as
Drawbar (b).
Draw"loom` (?), n.
1. A kind of loom used in weaving figured patterns;
-- called also drawboy.
2. A species of damask made on the drawloom.
Drawn (?), p. p. & a. See
Draw, v. t. & i.
Drawn butter, butter melter and prepared to be
used as a sort of gravy. -- Drawn fowl, an
eviscerated fowl. -- Drawn game battle, one in which neither party wins;
one equally contested. -- Drawn fox, one
driven from cover. Shak. -- Drawn work,
ornamental work made by drawing out threads from fine cloth,
and uniting the cross threads, to form a pattern.
Draw"net` (?), n. A net for
catching the larger sorts of birds; also, a dragnet.
Crabb.
Draw"plate` (?), n. A hardened
steel plate having a hole, or a gradation of conical holes,
through which wires are drawn to be reduced and elongated.
Draw"rod` (?), n.
(Railroad) A rod which unites the drawgear at
opposite ends of the car, and bears the pull required to draw the
train.
Draw"shave` (?), n. See
Drawing knife.
Draw"spring` (?), n.
(Railroad) The spring to which a drawbar is
attached.
Dray (?), n. A squirrel's
nest.
Cowper.
Dray, n. [AS. dr\'91ge a
dragnet, fr. dragan. ////. See
Draw, and cf. 2d Drag, 1st
Dredge.]
1. A strong low cart or carriage used for heavy
burdens.
Addison.
2. A kind of sledge or sled.
Halliwell.
Dray cart, a dray. -- Dray
horse, a heavy, strong horse used in drawing a
dray.
Dray"age (?), n.
1. Use of a dray.
2. The charge, or sum paid, for the use of a
dray.
Dray"man (?), n.; pl.
Draymen (/). A man who attends a
dray.
Draz"el (?), n. [Cf.
Dross, Drossel.] A slut; a vagabond
wench. Same as Drossel. [Obs.]
Hudibras.
Dread (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dreaded; p. pr.
& vb. n. Dreading.] [AS.
dr/dan, in comp.; akin to OS. dr\'bedan,
OHG. tr\'betan, both only in comp.] To fear
in a great degree; to regard, or look forward to, with terrific
apprehension.
When at length the moment dreaded through so many
years came close, the dark cloud passed away from Johnson's
mind.
Macaulay.
Dread, v. i. To be in dread, or great
fear.
Dread not, neither be afraid of them.
Deut. i. 29.
Dread, n. 1. Great fear in view
of impending evil; fearful apprehension of danger; anticipatory
terror.
The secret dread of divine displeasure.
Tillotson.
The dread of something after death.
Shak.
2. Reverential or respectful fear; awe.
The fear of you, and the dread of you, shall be
upon every beast of the earth.
Gen. ix. 2.
His scepter shows the force of temporal power,
The attribute to awe and majesty,
Wherein doth sit the dread and fear of kings.
Shak.
3. An object of terrified apprehension.
4. A person highly revered.
[Obs.] \'bdUna, his dear dread.\'b8
Spenser.
5. Fury; dreadfulness. [Obs.]
Spenser.
6. Doubt; as, out of dread.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Syn. -- Awe; fear; affright; terror; horror; dismay;
apprehension. See Reverence.
Dread, a.
1. Exciting great fear or apprehension; causing
terror; frightful; dreadful.
A dread eternity! how surely mine.
Young.
2. Inspiring with reverential fear; awful'
venerable; as, dread sovereign; dread
majesty; dread tribunal.
Dread"a*ble (?), a. Worthy of
being dreaded.
Dread"-bolt`ed (?), a. Armed
with dreaded bolts. \'bdDread-bolted
thunder.\'b8 [Poetic]
Shak.
Dread"er (?), n. One who fears,
or lives in fear.
Dread"ful (?), a.
1. Full of dread or terror; fearful.
[Obs.] \'bdWith dreadful heart.\'b8
Chaucer.
2. Inspiring dread; impressing great fear; fearful;
terrible; as, a dreadful storm. \'bd
Dreadful gloom.\'b8
Milton.
For all things are less dreadful than they
seem.
Wordsworth.
3. Inspiring awe or reverence; awful.
[Obs.] \'bdGod's dreadful law.\'b8
Shak.
Syn. -- Fearful; frightful; terrific; terrible; horrible;
horrid; formidable; tremendous; awful; venerable. See
Frightful.
Dread"ful*ly (?), adv. In a
dreadful manner; terribly.
Dryden.
Dread"ful*ness, n. The quality of being
dreadful.
Dread"ing*ly, adv. With dread.
Warner.
Dread"less, a. 1. Free from
dread; fearless; intrepid; dauntless; as, dreadless
heart. \'bdThe dreadless angel.\'b8
Milton.
2. Exempt from danger which causes dread;
secure. \'bd safe in his dreadless den.\'b8
Spenser.
Dread"less, adv. Without doubt.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dread"less*ness, n. Freedom from
dread.
Dread"ly, a. Dreadful.
[Obs.] \'bdDreadly spectacle.\'b8
Spenser. -- adv. With
dread. [Obs.] \'bdDreadly to
shake.\'b8 Sylvester (Du Bartas).
Dread"naught` (?), n.
1. A fearless person.
2. Hence: A garment made of very thick cloth, that
can defend against storm and cold; also, the cloth itself;
fearnaught.
Dream (?), n. [Akin to OS.
dr/m, D. droom, G. traum,
Icel. draumr, Dan. & Sw. dr\'94m; cf. G.
tr\'81gen to deceive, Skr. druh to harm,
hurt, try to hurt. AS. dre\'a0m joy, gladness, and OS.
dr/m joy are, perh., different words; cf. Gr. /
noise.]
1. The thoughts, or series of thoughts, or
imaginary transactions, which occupy the mind during sleep; a
sleeping vision.
Dreams are but interludes which fancy makes.
Dryden.
I had a dream which was not all a
dream.
Byron.
2. A visionary scheme; a wild conceit; an idle
fancy; a vagary; a revery; -- in this sense, applied to an
imaginary or anticipated state of happiness; as, a
dream of bliss; the dream of his
youth.
There sober thought pursued the amusing theme,
Till Fancy colored it and formed a dream.
Pope.
It is not them a mere dream, but a very real aim
which they propose.
J. C. Shairp.
Dream, v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Dreamed (?) or Dreamt (/);
p. pr. & vb. n. Dreaming.]
[Cf. AS. dr/man, dr/man, to
rejoice. See Dream, n.]
1. To have ideas or images in the mind while in the
state of sleep; to experience sleeping visions; -- often with
of; as, to dream of a battle, or of an
absent friend.
2. To let the mind run on in idle revery or vagary;
to anticipate vaguely as a coming and happy reality; to have a
visionary notion or idea; to imagine.
Here may we sit and dream
Over the heavenly theme
.
Keble.
They dream on in a constant course of reading, but
not digesting
.
Locke.
Dream, v. t. To have a dream of; to see,
or have a vision of, in sleep, or in idle fancy; -- often
followed by an objective clause.
Your old men shall dream dreams
.
Acts ii. 17.
At length in sleep their bodies they compose,
And dreamt the future fight
.
Dryden.
And still they dream that they shall still
succeed
.
Cowper.
To dream away, out,
through, etc., to pass in revery or
inaction; to spend in idle vagaries; as, to dream away
an hour; to dream through life. \'bd Why does Antony
dream out his hours?\'b8
Dryden.
Dream"er (?), n. 1.
One who dreams.
2. A visionary; one lost in wild imaginations or
vain schemes of some anticipated good; as, a political
dreamer.
Dream"ful (?), a. Full of
dreams. \'bd Dreamful ease.\'b8
Tennyson. -- Dream"ful*ly,
adv.
Dream"i*ly (?), adv. As if in a
dream; softly; slowly; languidly.
Longfellow.
Dream"i*ness, n. The state of being
dreamy.
Dream"ing*ly, adv. In a dreamy
manner.
Dream"land` (?), n. An unreal,
delightful country such as in sometimes pictured in dreams;
region of fancies; fairyland.
[He] builds a bridge from dreamland for his
lay.
Lowell.
Dream"less, a. Free from, or without,
dreams. Camden. --
Dream"less*ly, adv.
Dream"y (?), a.
[Compar. Dreamier (?);
superl. Dreamiest (?).]
Abounding in dreams or given to dreaming; appropriate to, or
like, dreams; visionary. \'bdThe dreamy
dells.\'b8
Tennyson.
Drear (?), a. [See
Dreary.] Dismal; gloomy with solitude.
\'bdA drear and dying sound.\'b8
Milton.
Drear, n. Sadness; dismalness.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
{ Drear"i*head (?), Drear"i*hood
(?), } n. Affliction;
dreariness. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Drear"i*ly, adv. Gloomily;
dismally.
Drear"i*ment (?), n.
Dreariness. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Drear"i*ness, n. 1. Sorrow;
wretchedness. [Obs.]
2. Dismalness; gloomy solitude.
Drear"ing, n. Sorrow.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
Drear"i*some (?), a. Very
dreary.
Halliwell.
Drear"y (?), a.
[Compar. Drearier (?);
superl. Dreariest.] [OE.
dreori, dreri, AS. dre\'a2rig,
sad; akin to G. traurig, and prob. to AS.
dre\'a2san to fall, Goth. driusan. Cf.
Dross, Drear, Drizzle,
Drowse.]
1. Sorrowful; distressful.
[Obs.] \'bd Dreary shrieks.\'b8
Spenser.
2. Exciting cheerless sensations, feelings, or
associations; comfortless; dismal; gloomy. \'bd
Dreary shades.\'b8 Dryden. \'bdThe
dreary ground.\'b8
Prior.
Full many a dreary anxious hour.
Keble.
Johnson entered on his vocation in the most dreary
part of that dreary interval which separated two ages
of prosperity.
Macaulay.
Drec"che (?), v. t. [AS.
dreccan, dreccean.]
1. To vex; to torment; to trouble.
[Obs.]
As man that in his dream is drecched sore.
Chaucer.
Drec"che, v. i. To delay.
[Obs.]
Gower.
Dredge (?), n. [F.
dr\'8age, dreige, fish net, from a word
akin to E. draw; cf. D. dreg,
dregge, small anchor, dregnet dragnet.
////. See Draw.]
1. Any instrument used to gather or take by
dragging; as: (a) A dragnet for taking up oysters, etc.,
from their beds. (b) A dredging machine. (c) An
iron frame, with a fine net attached, used in collecting animals
living at the bottom of the sea.
2. (Mining) Very fine mineral matter
held in suspension in water.
Raymond.
Dredge (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dredged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dredging.] To catch or gather with a
dredge; to deepen with a dredging machine.
R. Carew.
Dredging machine, a machine (commonly on a
boat) used to scoop up mud, gravel, or obstructions from the
bottom of rivers, docks, etc., so as to deepen them.
Dredge, n. [OE. dragge, F.
drag\'82e, dredge, also, sugar plum; cf. Prov.
dragea, It. treggea; corrupted fr. LL.
tragemata, pl., sweetmeats, Gr. /, fr. / to
gnaw.] A mixture of oats and barley.
[Obs.]
Kersey.
Dredge, v. t. To sift or sprinkle flour,
etc., on, as on roasting meat.
Beau. & Fl.
Dredging box. (a) Same as 2d
Dredger. (b) (Gun.) A
copper box with a perforated lid; -- used for sprinkling meal
powder over shell fuses.
Farrow.
Dredg"er (?), n.
1. One who fishes with a dredge.
2. A dredging machine.
Dredg"er, n. (Cookery) A box
with holes in its lid; -- used for sprinkling flour, as on meat
or a breadboard; -- called also dredging box,
drudger, and drudging
box.
Dree (?), v. t. [AS.
dre\'a2gan to bear, endure, complete.] To
endure; to suffer. [Scot.]
Dree, v. i. To be able to do or
endure. [Obs.]
Dree, a. Wearisome; tedious.
[Prov. Eng.]
Dreg (?), n. [Prob. from Icel.
dregg; akin to Sw. dr\'84gg, cf. Icel. &
Sw. draga to draw. Cf. Draw.]
Corrupt or defiling matter contained in a liquid, or
precipitated from it; refuse; feculence; lees; grounds; sediment;
hence, the vilest and most worthless part of anything; as,
the dregs of society.
We, the dregs and rubbish of mankind.
Dryden.
Dreg"gi*ness (?), n. Fullness
of dregs or lees; foulness; feculence.
Dreg"gish (?), a. Foul with
lees; feculent.
Harvey.
Dreg"gy (?), a. Containing
dregs or lees; muddy; foul; feculent.
Boyle.
Drein (?), v. i. To
drain. [Obs.]
Congreve.
Drein"te (?), imp.,
Dreint (/), p. p.
of Drench to drown. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
\'d8Dreis"se*na (?), n. [NL.
Named after Dreyssen, a Belgian physician.]
(Zo\'94l.) A genus of bivalve shells of which one
species (D. polymorpha) is often so abundant as to be
very troublesome in the fresh waters of Europe.
Drench (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Drenched
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Drenching.] [AS. drencan to
give to drink, to drench, the causal of drincan to
drink; akin to D. drenken, Sw. dr\'84nka,
G. tr\'84nken. See Drink.]
1. To cause to drink; especially, to dose by force;
to put a potion down the throat of, as of a horse; hence. to
purge violently by physic.
As \'bdto fell,\'b8 is \'bdto make to fall,\'b8 and \'bdto
lay,\'b8 to make to lie.\'b8 so \'bdto drench,\'b8 is
\'bdto make to drink.\'b8
Trench.
2. To steep in moisture; to wet thoroughly; to
soak; to saturate with water or other liquid; to immerse.
Now dam the ditches and the floods restrain;
Their moisture has already drenched the plain.
Dryden.
Drench, n. [AS. drenc. See
Drench, v. t.] A drink; a draught;
specifically, a potion of medicine poured or forced down the
throat; also, a potion that causes purging. \'bdA
drench of wine.\'b8
Dryden.
Give my roan horse a drench.
Shak.
Drench, n. [AS. dreng
warrior, soldier, akin to Icel. drengr.]
(O. Eng. Law) A military vassal mentioned in
Domesday Book. [Obs.]
Burrill.
Drench"e (?), v. t. & i. To
drown. [Obs.]
In the sea he drenched.
Chaucer.
Drench"er (?), n. 1.
One who, or that which, west or steeps.
2. One who administers a drench.
Dren"gage (?), n. (O. Eng.
Law) The tenure by which a drench held land.
[Obs.]
Burrill.
Drent (?), p. p. [See
Dreinte.] Drenched; drowned.
[Obs.] \'bdCondemned to be drent.\'b8
Spenser.
Dres"den ware` (?). A superior kind of
decorated porcelain made near Dresden in Saxony.
Dress (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dressed (?)
or Drest; p. pr. & vb. n.
Dressing.] [OF. drecier to
make straight, raise, set up, prepare, arrange, F.
dresser. (assumed) LL. directiare, fr. L.
dirigere, directum, to direct;
dis- + regere to rule. See Right,
and cf. Address, Adroit, Direct,
Dirge.]
1. To direct; to put right or straight; to
regulate; to order. [Obs.]
At all times thou shalt bless God and pray Him to
dress thy ways.
Chaucer.
Dress is used reflexively in Old English,
in sense of \'bdto direct one's step; to addresss one's
self.\'b8
To Grisild again will I me dresse.
Chaucer.
2. (Mil.) To arrange in exact continuity
of line, as soldiers; commonly to adjust to a straight line and
at proper distance; to align; as, to dress the
ranks.
3. (Med.) To treat methodically with
remedies, bandages, or curative appliances, as a sore, an ulcer,
a wound, or a wounded or diseased part.
4. To adjust; to put in good order; to arrange;
specifically: (a) To prepare for use; to fit for any
use; to render suitable for an intended purpose; to get ready;
as, to dress a slain animal; to dress meat;
to dress leather or cloth; to dress or trim a
lamp; to dress a garden; to dress a horse, by
currying and rubbing; to dress grain, by cleansing it;
in mining and metallurgy, to dress ores, by sorting and
separating them.
<-- p. 454 -->
And the Lord God took the man, and put him into the garden of
Eden to dress it.
Gen. ii. 15.
When he dresseth the lamps he shall burn
incense.
Ex. xxx. 7.
Three hundred horses . . . smoothly dressed.
Dryden.
Dressing their hair with the white sea flower.
Tennyson.
If he felt obliged to expostulate, he might have
dressed his censures in a kinder form.
Carlyle.
(b) To cut to proper dimensions, or give proper
shape to, as to a tool by hammering; also, to smooth or
finish.
(c) To put in proper condition by appareling, as
the body; to put clothes upon; to apparel; to invest with
garments or rich decorations; to clothe; to deck.
Dressed myself in such humility.
Shak.
Prove that ever Idress myself handsome till thy
return.
Shak.
(d) To break and train for use, as a horse or other
animal.
To dress up out,
to dress elaborately, artificially, or pompously.
\'bdYou see very often a king of England or France dressed
up like a Julius C\'91sar.\'b8 Addison. -- To
dress a ship (Naut.), to ornament her by
hoisting the national colors at the peak and mastheads, and
setting the jack forward; when dressed full, the signal
flags and pennants are added. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Syn. -- To attire; apparel; clothe; accouter; array; robe;
rig; trim; deck; adorn; embellish.
Dress, v. i.
1. (Mil.) To arrange one's self in due
position in a line of soldiers; -- the word of command to form
alignment in ranks; as, Right, dress!
2. To clothe or apparel one's self; to put on one's
garments; to pay particular regard to dress; as, to
dress quickly. \'bdTo dress for a
ball.\'b8
Latham.
To flaunt, to dress, to dance, to thrum.
Tennyson.
To dress to the right, To dress to the
left, To dress on the center
(Mil.), to form alignment with reference to the
soldier on the extreme right, or in the center, of the rank, who
serves as a guide.
Dress, n.
1. That which is used as the covering or ornament
of the body; clothes; garments; habit; apparel. \'bdIn your
soldier's dress.\'b8
Shak.
2. A lady's gown; as, silk or a velvet
dress.
3. Attention to apparel, or skill in adjusting
it.
Men of pleasure, dress, and gallantry.
Pope.
4. (Milling) The system of furrows on
the face of a millstone.
Knight.
Dress circle. See under Circle.
-- Dress parade (Mil.), a parade in
full uniform for review.
Dress" coat` (?). A coat with skirts
behind only, as distinct from the frock coat, of which the skirts
surround the body. It is worn on occasions of ceremony. The dress
coat of officers of the United States army is a full-skirted
frock coat.
Dress"er (?), n.
1. One who dresses; one who put in order or makes
ready for use; one who on clothes or ornaments.
2. (Mining) A kind of pick for shaping
large coal.
3. An assistant in a hospital, whose office it is
to dress wounds, sores, etc.
4. [F. dressoir. See Dress,
v. t.] (a) A table or bench on
which meat and other things are dressed, or prepared for
use. (b) A cupboard or set of shelves to
receive dishes and cooking utensils.
The pewter plates on the dresser
Caught and reflected the flame, as shields of armies the
sunshine.
Longfellow.
Dress" goods" (?). A term applied to
fabrics for the gowns of women and girls; -- most commonly to
fabrics of mixed materials, but also applicable to silks, printed
linens, and calicoes.
Dress"i*ness (?), n. The state
of being dressy.
Dress"ing, n.
1. Dress; raiment; especially, ornamental
habiliment or attire.
B. Jonson.
2. (Surg.) An application (a remedy,
bandage, etc.) to a sore or wound.
Wiseman.
3. Manure or compost over land. When it remains on
the surface, it is called a top-dressing.
4. (Cookery) (a) A preparation
to fit food for use; a condiment; as, a dressing for
salad. (b) The stuffing of fowls, pigs,
etc.; forcemeat.
5. Gum, starch, and the like, used in stiffening or
finishing silk, linen, and other fabrics.
6. An ornamental finish, as a molding around doors,
windows, or on a ceiling, etc.
7. Castigation; scolding; -- often with
down. [Colloq.]
Dressing case, a case of toilet utensils.
-- Dressing forceps, a variety of forceps, shaped
like a pair of scissors, used in dressing wounds. --
Dressing gown, a light gown, such as is used by a
person while dressing; a study gown. -- Dressing
room, an apartment appropriated for making one's
toilet. -- Dressing table, a table at which a
person may dress, and on which articles for the toilet
stand. -- Top-dressing, manure or compost
spread over land and not worked into the soil.
Dress"mak`er (?), n. A maker of
gowns, or similar garments; a mantuamaker.
Dress"mak`ing, n. The art, process, or
occupation, of making dresses.
Dress"y (?), a. Showy in dress;
attentive to dress.
A dressy flaunting maidservant.
T. Hook.
A neat, dressy gentleman in black.
W. Irving.
Drest (?), p. p. of
Dress.
Dretch (?), v. t. & i. See
Drecche. [Obs.]
Dreul (?), v. i. To
drool. [Obs.]
Drev"il (?), n. A fool; a
drudge. See Drivel.
Drew (?), imp. of
Draw.
Drey (?), n. A squirrel's nest.
See Dray. [Obs.]
Dreye (?), a. Dry.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dreyn"te (?), imp.,
Dreynt (/), p.
p., of Drench to drown. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Drib (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dribbed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dribbing.] [Cf. Drip.]
To do by little and little; as: (a) To
cut off by a little at a time; to crop. (b)
To appropriate unlawfully; to filch; to defalcate.
He who drives their bargain dribs a part.
Dryden.
(c) To lead along step by step; to entice.
With daily lies she dribs thee into cost.
Dryden.
Drib (?), v. t. & i.
(Archery) To shoot (a shaft) so as to pierce on
the descent. [Obs.]
Sir P. Sidney.
Drib, n. A drop.
[Obs.]
Swift.
Drib"ber (?), n. One who dribs;
one who shoots weakly or badly. [Obs.]
Ascham.
Drib"ble (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Dribbled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dribbing
(?).] [Freq. of drib, which
is a variant of drip.]
1. To fall in drops or small drops, or in a quick
succession of drops; as, water dribbles from the
eaves.
2. To slaver, as a child or an idiot; to
drivel.
3. To fall weakly and slowly.
[Obs.] \'bdThe dribbling dart of
love.\'b8 Shak. (Meas. for Meas. , i. 3, 2).
[Perhaps an error for dribbing.]
Drib"ble, v. t. To let fall in
drops.
Let the cook . . . dribble it all the way
upstairs.
Swift.
Drib"ble, n. A drizzling shower; a
falling or leaking in drops. [Colloq.]
Drib"bler (?), n. One who
dribbles.
{ Drib"blet (?), Drib"let
(?), } n. [From
Dribble.] A small piece or part; a small sum;
a small quantity of money in making up a sum; as, the money
was paid in dribblets.
When made up in dribblets, as they could, their
best securities were at an interest of twelve per cent.
Burke.
Drie (?), v. t. [See
Dree.] To endure. [Obs.]
So causeless such drede for to drie.
Chaucer.
Dried (?), imp. & p. p.of
Day. Also adj.; as, dried
apples.
Dri"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, dries; that which may
expel or absorb moisture; a desiccative; as, the sun and a
northwesterly wind are great driers of the
earth.
2. (Paint.) Drying oil; a substance
mingled with the oil used in oil painting to make it dry
quickly.
Dri"er, compar., Dri"est,
superl., of Dry,
a.
Drift (?), n. [From
drive; akin to LG. & D. drift a driving,
Icel. drift snowdrift, Dan. drift, impulse,
drove, herd, pasture, common, G. trift pasturage,
drove. See Drive.]
1. A driving; a violent movement.
The dragon drew him [self] away with drift of his
wings.
King Alisaunder (1332).
2. The act or motion of drifting; the force which
impels or drives; an overpowering influence or impulse.
A bad man, being under the drift of any passion,
will follow the impulse of it till something interpose.
South.
3. Course or direction along which anything is
driven; setting. \'bdOur drift was south.\'b8
Hakluyt.
4. The tendency of an act, argument, course of
conduct, or the like; object aimed at or intended; intention;
hence, also, import or meaning of a sentence or discourse;
aim.
He has made the drift of the whole poem a
compliment on his country in general.
Addison.
Now thou knowest my drift.
Sir W. Scott.
5. That which is driven, forced, or urged
along; as: (a) Anything driven at
random. \'bdSome log . . . a useless drift.\'b8
Dryden. (b) A mass of matter which has
been driven or forced onward together in a body, or thrown
together in a heap, etc., esp. by wind or water; as, a
drift of snow, of ice, of sand, and the like.
Drifts of rising dust involve the sky.
Pope.
We got the brig a good bed in the rushing drift [of
ice].
Kane.
(c) A drove or flock, as of cattle, sheep,
birds. [Obs.]
Cattle coming over the bridge (with their great
drift doing much damage to the high ways).
Fuller.
6. (Arch.) The horizontal thrust or
pressure of an arch or vault upon the abutments.
[R.]
Knight.
7. (Geol.) A collection of loose earth
and rocks, or boulders, which have been distributed over large
portions of the earth's surface, especially in latitudes north of
forty degrees, by the agency of ice.
8. In South Africa, a ford in a river.
9. (Mech.) A slightly tapered tool of
steel for enlarging or shaping a hole in metal, by being forced
or driven into or through it; a broach.
10. (Mil.) (a) A tool used in
driving down compactly the composition contained in a rocket, or
like firework. (b) A deviation from the
line of fire, peculiar to oblong projectiles.
11. (Mining) A passage driven or cut
between shaft and shaft; a driftway; a small subterranean
gallery; an adit or tunnel.
12. (Naut.) (a) The distance
through which a current flows in a given time. (b)
The angle which the line of a ship's motion makes with the
meridian, in drifting. (c) The distance to
which a vessel is carried off from her desired course by the
wind, currents, or other causes. (d) The
place in a deep-waisted vessel where the sheer is raised and the
rail is cut off, and usually terminated with a scroll, or
driftpiece. (e) The distance between the two
blocks of a tackle.
13. The difference between the size of a bolt and
the hole into which it is driven, or between the circumference of
a hoop and that of the mast on which it is to be driven.
Drift is used also either adjectively or
as the first part of a compound. See Drift,
a.
Drift of the forest (O. Eng. Law),
an examination or view of the cattle in a forest, in order to
see whose they are, whether they are commonable, and to determine
whether or not the forest is surcharged.
Burrill.
Drift, v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Drifted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Drifting.]
1. To float or be driven along by, or as by, a
current of water or air; as, the ship drifted
astern; a raft drifted ashore; the balloon
drifts slowly east.
We drifted o'er the harbor bar.
Coleridge.
2. To accumulate in heaps by the force of wind; to
be driven into heaps; as, snow or sand
drifts.
3. (mining) to make a drift; to examine
a vein or ledge for the purpose of ascertaining the presence of
metals or ores; to follow a vein; to prospect.
[U.S.]
Drift (?), v. t. 1. To
drive or carry, as currents do a floating body.
J. H. Newman.
2. To drive into heaps; as, a current of wind
drifts snow or sand.
3. (Mach.) To enlarge or shape, as a
hole, with a drift.
Drift, a. That causes drifting or that
is drifted; movable by wind or currents; as, drift
currents; drift ice; drift mud.
Kane.
Drift anchor. See Sea anchor, and
also Drag sail, under Drag, n.
-- Drift epoch (Geol.), the glacial
epoch. -- Drift net, a kind of fishing
net. -- Drift sail. Same as Drag
sail. See under Drag, n.
Drift"age (?), n.
1. Deviation from a ship's course due to
leeway.
2. Anything that drifts.
Drift"bolt` (?), n. A bolt for
driving out other bolts.
Drift"less, a. Having no drift or
direction; without aim; purposeless.
Drift"piece" (?), n.
(Shipbuilding) An upright or curved piece of
timber connecting the plank sheer with the gunwale; also, a
scroll terminating a rail.
Drift"pin` (?), n.
(Mech.) A smooth drift. See Drift,
n., 9.
Drift"way` (?), n.
1. A common way, road, or path, for driving
cattle.
Cowell. Burrill.
2. (Mining) Same as Drift,
11.
Drift"weed` (?), n. Seaweed
drifted to the shore by the wind.
Darwin.
Drift"wind` (?), n. A driving
wind; a wind that drives snow, sand, etc., into heaps.
Beau. & Fl.
Drift"wood` (?), n.
1. Wood drifted or floated by water.
2. Fig.: Whatever is drifting or floating as on
water.
The current of humanity, with its heavy proportion of very
useless driftwood.
New Your Times.
Drift"y (?), a. Full of drifts;
tending to form drifts, as snow, and the like.
Drill (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Drilled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Drilling.] [D. drillen to
bore, drill (soldiers); probably akin to AS. pyrlian,
pyrelian, to pierce. See Thrill.]
1. To pierce or bore with a drill, or a with a
drill; to perforate; as, to drill a hole into a
rock; to drill a piece of metal.
2. To train in the military art; to exercise
diligently, as soldiers, in military evolutions and exercises;
hence, to instruct thoroughly in the rudiments of any art or
branch of knowledge; to discipline.
He [Frederic the Great] drilled his people, as he
drilled his grenadiers.
Macaulay.
Drill, v. i. To practice an exercise or
exercises; to train one's self.
Drill, n.
1. An instrument with an edged or pointed end used
for making holes in hard substances; strictly, a tool that cuts
with its end, by revolving, as in drilling metals, or by a
succession of blows, as in drilling stone; also, a drill
press.
2. (Mil.) The act or exercise of
training soldiers in the military art, as in the manual of arms,
in the execution of evolutions, and the like; hence, diligent and
strict instruction and exercise in the rudiments and methods of
any business; a kind or method of military exercises; as,
infantry drill; battalion drill; artillery
drill.
3. Any exercise, physical or mental, enforced with
regularity and by constant repetition; as, a severe
drill in Latin grammar.
4. (Zo\'94l.) A marine gastropod, of
several species, which kills oysters and other bivalves by
drilling holes through the shell. The most destructive kind is
Urosalpinx cinerea.
Bow drill, Breast drill.
See under Bow, Breast. --
Cotter drill, Traverse
drill, a machine tool for drilling slots.
-- Diamond drill. See under Diamond.
-- Drill jig. See under Jig. --
Drill pin, the pin in a lock which enters the
hollow stem of the key. -- Drill sergeant
(Mil.), a noncommissioned officer whose office it
is to instruct soldiers as to their duties, and to train them to
military exercises and evolutions. -- Vertical
drill, a drill press.
Drill, v. t. [Cf. Trill to
trickle, Trickle, Dribble, and W.
rhillio to put in a row, drill.]
1. To cause to flow in drills or rills or by
trickling; to drain by trickling; as, waters drilled
through a sandy stratum. [R.]
Thomson.
2. To sow, as seeds, by dribbling them along a
furrow or in a row, like a trickling rill of water.
3. To entice; to allure from step; to decoy; --
with on. [Obs.]
See drilled him on to five-fifty.
Addison.
4. To cause to slip or waste away by degrees.
[Obs.]
This accident hath drilled away the whole
summer.
Swift.
Drill, v. i.
1. To trickle. [Obs. or R.]
Sandys.
2. To sow in drills.
Drill, n.
1. A small trickling stream; a rill.
[Obs.]
Springs through the pleasant meadows pour their
drills.
Sandys.
2. (Agr.) (a) An implement for
making holes for sowing seed, and sometimes so formed as to
contain seeds and drop them into the hole made.
(b) A light furrow or channel made to put seed into
sowing. (c) A row of seed sown in a
furrow.
<-- p. 455 -->
Drill is used adjectively, or as the
first part of a compound; as, drill barrow or
drill-barrow; drill husbandry;
drill plow or drill-plow.
Drill barrow, a wheeled implement for planting
seed in drills. -- Drill bow, a small bow
used for the purpose of rapidly turning a drill around which the
bowstring takes a turn. -- Drill harrow, a
harrow used for stirring the ground between rows, or drills.
-- Drill plow, Drill
plough, a sort plow for sowing grain in
drills.
Drill (?), n. [Cf.
Mandrill.] (Zo\'94l.) A large
African baboon (Cynocephalus leucoph\'91us).
Drill, n. [Usually in
pl.] (Manuf.) Same as
Drilling.
Imperial drill, a linen fabric having two
threads in the warp and three in the filling.
Drill"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, drills.
Drill"ing, n.
1. The act of piercing with a drill.
2. A training by repeated exercises.
Drill"ing, n. The act of using a drill
in sowing seeds.
Drill"ing, n. [G. drillich,
fr. L. trilix having three threads, fr. the of
tres three + licium a thread of the warm.
See Three, and cf. Twill.]
(Manuf.) A heavy, twilled fabric of linen or
cotton.
Drill"mas`ter (?), n. One who
teaches drill, especially in the way of gymnastics.
Macaulay.
Drill" press` . A machine for drilling holes in
metal, the drill being pressed to the metal by the action of a
screw.
Drill"stock` (?), n.
(Mech.) A contrivance for holding and turning a
drill.
Knight.
Dri"ly (?), adv. See
Dryly.
Thackeray.
\'d8Dri"mays (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. / sharp, acrid.] (Bot.) A genus of
magnoliaceous trees. Drimys aromatica furnishes
Winter's bark.
Drink (?), v. i.
[imp. Drank (?), formerly
Drunk (/); & p. p. Drunk,
Drunken (/); p. pr. & vb. n.
Drinking. Drunken is now rarely used, except
as a verbal adj. in sense of habitually intoxicated;
the form drank, not infrequently used as a p. p., is
not so analogical.] [AS. drincan;
akin to OS. drinkan, D. drinken, G.
trinken, Icel. drekka, Sw.
dricka, Dan. drikke, Goth.
drigkan. Cf. Drench, Drunken,
Drown.]
1. To swallow anything liquid, for quenching thirst
or other purpose; to imbibe; to receive or partake of, as if in
satisfaction of thirst; as, to drink from a
spring.
Gird thyself, and serve me, till have eaten and
drunken; and afterward thou shalt eat and
drink.
Luke xvii. 8.
He shall drink of the wrath the Almighty.
Job xxi. 20.
Drink of the cup that can not cloy.
Keble.
2. To quaff exhilarating or intoxicating liquors,
in merriment or feasting; to carouse; to revel; hence, to lake
alcoholic liquors to excess; to be intemperate in the /se of
intoxicating or spirituous liquors; to tipple.
Pope.
And they drank, and were merry with him.
Gem. xliii. 34.
Bolingbroke always spoke freely when he had drunk
freely.
Thackeray.
To drink to, to salute in drinking; to wish
well to, in the act of taking the cup; to pledge in
drinking.
I drink to the general joy of the whole table,
And to our dear friend Banquo.
Shak.
Drink, v. t.
1. To swallow (a liquid); to receive, as a fluid,
into the stomach; to imbibe; as, to drink milk or
water.
There lies she with the blessed gods in bliss,
There drinks the nectar with ambrosia mixed.
Spenser.
The bowl of punch which was brewed and drunk in
Mrs. Betty's room.
Thackeray.
2. To take in (a liquid), in any manner; to suck
up; to absorb; to imbibe.
And let the purple violets drink the stream.
Dryden.
3. To take in; to receive within one, through the
senses; to inhale; to hear; to see.
To drink the cooler air,
Tennyson.
My ears have not yet drunk a hundred words
Of that tongue's utterance.
Shak.
Let me . . . drink delicious poison from thy
eye.
Pope.
4. To smoke, as tobacco. [Obs.]
And some men now live ninety years and past,
Who never drank to tobacco first nor last.
Taylor (1630. )
To drink down, to act on by drinking; to
reduce or subdue; as, to drink down unkindness.
Shak. -- To drink in, to take into
one's self by drinking, or as by drinking; to receive and
appropriate as in satisfaction of thirst. \'bdSong was the form
of literature which he [Burns] had drunk in from his
cradle.\'b8 J. C. Shairp. -- To drink
off up, to drink the whole at a
draught; as, to drink off a cup of cordial.
-- To drink the health of, To drink to
the health of, to drink while expressing good
wishes for the health or welfare of.
Drink, n.
1. Liquid to be swallowed; any fluid to be taken
into the stomach for quenching thirst or for other purposes, as
water, coffee, or decoctions.
Give me some drink, Titinius.
Shak.
2. Specifically, intoxicating liquor; as, when
drink is on, wit is out.
Drink money, Drink
penny, an allowance, or perquisite, given to buy
drink; a gratuity. -- Drink offering
(Script.), an offering of wine, etc., in the
Jewish religious service. -- In drink,
drunk. \'bdThe poor monster's in drink.\'b8
Shak. -- Strong drink, intoxicating
liquor; esp., liquor containing a large proportion of
alcohol. \'bd Wine is a mocker, strong drink is
raging.\'b8 Prov. xx. 1.
Drink"a*ble (?), a. Capable of
being drunk; suitable for drink; potable. Macaulay. Also
used substantively, esp. in the plural.
Steele.
Drink"a*ble*ness, n. State of being
drinkable.
Drink"er (?), n. One who
drinks; as, the effects of tea on the drinker;
also, one who drinks spirituous liquors to excess; a
drunkard.
Drinker moth (Zo\'94l.), a large
British moth (Odonestis potatoria).
Drink"ing, n.
1. The act of one who drinks; the act of
imbibing.
2. The practice of partaking to excess of
intoxicating liquors.
3. An entertainment with liquors; a carousal.
Drinking is used adjectively, or as the
first part of a compound; as, a drinking song,
drinking cup, drinking glass,
drinking house, etc.
Drinking horn, a drinking vessel made of a
horn.
Drink"less, a. Destitute of drink.
Chaucer.
Drip (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Dripped (?)
or Dript; p. pr. & vb. n.
Dripping.] [Akin to LG.
drippen, Dan. dryppe, from a noun. See
Drop.]
1. To fall in drops; as, water drips
from the eaves.
2. To let fall drops of moisture or liquid; as,
a wet garment drips.
The dark round of the dripping wheel.
Tennyson.
Drip, v. t. To let fall in drops.
Which from the thatch drips fast a shower of
rain.
Swift.
Drip, n.
1. A falling or letting fall in drops; a dripping;
that which drips, or falls in drops.
The light drip of the suspended oar.
Byron.
2. (Arch.) That part of a cornice, sill
course, or other horizontal member, which projects beyond the
rest, and is of such section as to throw off the rain
water.
Right of drip (Law), an easement or
servitude by which a man has the right to have the water flowing
from his house fall on the land of his neighbor.
Drip"ping, n.
1. A falling in drops, or the sound so made.
2. That which falls in drops, as fat from meat in
roasting.
Dripping pan, a pan for receiving the fat
which drips from meat in roasting.
Drip"ple (?), a. [From
Drip, cf. Dribble.] Weak or
rare. [Obs.]
Drip"stone` (?), n.
(Arch.) A drip, when made of stone. See
Drip, 2.
Drive (?), v. t.
[imp. Drove (?), formerly
Drave (/); p. p. Driven
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Driving.] [AS. dr\'c6fan;
akin to OS. dr\'c6ban, D. drijven, OHG.
tr\'c6ban, G. treiben, Icel.
dr\'c6fa, Goth. dreiban. Cf.
Drift, Drove.]
1. To impel or urge onward by force in a direction
away from one, or along before one; to push forward; to compel to
move on; to communicate motion to; as, to drive
cattle; to drive a nail; smoke drives persons
from a room.
A storm came on and drove them into Pylos.
Jowett (Thucyd. ).
Shield pressed on shield, and man drove man
along.
Pope.
Go drive the deer and drag the finny prey.
Pope.
2. To urge on and direct the motions of, as the
beasts which draw a vehicle, or the vehicle borne by them; hence,
also, to take in a carriage; to convey in a vehicle drawn by
beasts; as, to drive a pair of horses or a stage; to
drive a person to his own door.
How . . . proud he was to drive such a brother!
Thackeray.
3. To urge, impel, or hurry forward; to force; to
constrain; to urge, press, or bring to a point or state; as,
to drive person by necessity, by persuasion, by force of
circumstances, by argument, and the like. \'bd Enough
to drive one mad.\'b8
Tennyson.
He, driven to dismount, threatened, if I did not do
the like, to do as much for my horse as fortune had done for
his.
Sir P. Sidney.
4. To carry or; to keep in motion; to conduct; to
prosecute. [Now used only colloquially.]
Bacon.
The trade of life can not be driven without
partners.
Collier.
5. To clear, by forcing away what is
contained.
To drive the country, force the swains away.
Dryden.
6. (Mining) To dig Horizontally; to cut
a horizontal gallery or tunnel.
Tomlinson.
7. To pass away; -- said of time.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Drive, in all its senses, implies
forcible or violent action. It is the reverse of to
lead. To drive a body is to move it by
applying a force behind; to lead is to cause to move
by applying the force before, or in front. It takes a variety of
meanings, according to the objects by which it is followed; as,
to drive an engine, to direct and regulate its
motions; to drive logs, to keep them in the current of
a river and direct them in their course; to drive
feathers or down, to place them in a machine,
which, by a current of air, drives off the lightest to
one end, and collects them by themselves. \'bdMy
thrice-driven bed of down.\'b8
Shak.
Drive, v. i.
1. To rush and press with violence; to move
furiously.
Fierce Boreas drove against his flying sails.
Dryden.
Under cover of the night and a driving tempest.
Prescott.
Time driveth onward fast,
And in a little while our lips are dumb.
Tennyson.
2. To be forced along; to be impelled; to be moved
by any physical force or agent; to be driven.
The hull drives on, though mast and sail be
torn.
Byron.
The chaise drives to Mr. Draper's chambers.
Thackeray.
3. To go by carriage; to pass in a carriage; to
proceed by directing or urging on a vehicle or the animals that
draw it; as, the coachman drove to my
door.
4. To press forward; to aim, or tend, to a point;
to make an effort; to strive; -- usually with
at.
Let them therefore declare what carnal or secular interest he
drove at.
South.
5. To distrain for rent. [Obs.]
To let drive, to aim a blow; to strike with
force; to attack. \'bdFour rogues in buckram let drive
at me.\'b8
Shak.
Drive (?), p. p. Driven.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Drive (?), n.
1. The act of driving; a trip or an excursion in a
carriage, as for exercise or pleasure; -- distinguished from a
ride taken on horseback.
2. A place suitable or agreeable for driving; a
road prepared for driving.
3. Violent or rapid motion; a rushing onward or
away; esp., a forced or hurried dispatch of business.
The Murdstonian drive in business.
M. Arnold.
4. In type founding and forging, an impression or
matrix, formed by a punch drift.
5. A collection of objects that are driven; a mass
of logs to be floated down a river. [Colloq.]
Syn. -- See Ride.
Drive"bolt` (?), n. A drift; a
tool for setting bolts home.
Driv"el (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Driveled
(?) or Drivelled; p. pr. & vb. n.
Driveling or Drivelling.] [Cf.
OE. dravelen, drabelen,
drevelen, drivelen, to slaver, and E.
drabble. Cf. Drool.]
1. To slaver; to let spittle drop or flow from the
mouth, like a child, idiot, or dotard.
2. [Perh. a different word: cf. Icel.
drafa to talk thick.] To be weak or
foolish; to dote; as, a driveling hero;
driveling love.
Shak. Dryden.
Driv"el, n.
1. Slaver; saliva flowing from the mouth.
2. Inarticulate or unmeaning utterance; foolish
talk; babble.
3. A driveler; a fool; an idiot.
[Obs.]
Sir P. Sidney.
4. A servant; a drudge. [Obs.]
Huloet.
Driv"el*er (?), n. A slaverer;
a slabberer; an idiot; a fool. [Written also
driveller.]
Driv"en (?), p. p. of
Drive. Also adj.
Driven well, a well made by driving a tube
into the earth to an aqueous stratum; -- called also
drive well.
Drive"pipe` (?), n. A pipe for
forcing into the earth.
Driv"er (?), n. [From
Drive.]
1. One who, or that which, drives; the person or
thing that urges or compels anything else to move onward.
2. The person who drives beasts or a carriage; a
coachman; a charioteer, etc.; hence, also, one who controls the
movements of a locomotive.
3. An overseer of a gang of slaves or gang of
convicts at their work.
4. (Mach.) A part that transmits motion
to another part by contact with it, or through an intermediate
relatively movable part, as a gear which drives another, or a
lever which moves another through a link, etc.
Specifically:
(a) The driving wheel of a locomotive.
(b) An attachment to a lathe, spindle, or face
plate to turn a carrier. (c) A crossbar on a
grinding mill spindle to drive the upper stone.
5. (Naut.) The after sail in a ship or
bark, being a fore-and-aft sail attached to a gaff; a
spanker.
Totten.
Driver ant (Zo\'94l.), a species of
African stinging ant; one of the visiting ants (Anomma
arcens); -- so called because they move about in vast
armies, and drive away or devour all insects and other small
animals.
Drive"way` (/), n. A passage
or way along or through which a carriage may be driven.
Driv"ing, a.
1. Having great force of impulse; as, a
driving wind or storm.
2. Communicating force; impelling; as, a
driving shaft.
Driving axle, the axle of a driving wheel, as
in a locomotive. -- Driving box
(Locomotive), the journal box of a driving axle.
See Illust. of Locomotive. --
Driving note (Mus.), a syncopated note;
a tone begun on a weak part of a measure and held through the
next accented part, thus anticipating the accent and
driving it through. -- Driving spring,
a spring fixed upon the box of the driving axle of a
locomotive engine to support the weight and deaden shocks.
[Eng.] Weale. -- Driving
wheel (Mach.), a wheel that communicates
motion; one of the large wheels of a locomotive to which the
connecting rods of the engine are attached; -- called also,
simply, driver. See Illust. of
Locomotive.
Driv"ing, n.
1. The act of forcing or urging something along;
the act of pressing or moving on furiously.
2. Tendency; drift. [R.]
Driz"zle (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Drizzled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Drizzling
(?).] [Prop. freq. of AS.
dre\'a2san to fall. See Dreary.]
To rain slightly in very small drops; to fall, as water from
the clouds, slowly and in fine particles; as, it
drizzles; drizzling drops or rain.
\'bdDrizzling tears.\'b8
Spenser.
Driz"zle, v. t. To shed slowly in minute
drops or particles. \'bdThe air doth drizzle
dew.\'b8
Shak.
Driz"zle, n. Fine rain or mist.
Halliwell.
Driz"zly (?), a. Characterized
by small rain, or snow; moist and disagreeable.
\'bdWinter's drizzly reign.\'b8
Dryden.
Drock (?), n. A water
course. [Prov. Eng.]
{ Drof"land (?), Dryf"land
(?) }, n. [See
Drove.] (Law) An ancient yearly
payment made by some tenants to the king, or to their landlords,
for the privilege of driving their cattle through a manor to
fairs or markets.
Cowell.
Dro"gher (?), n. [Cf.
Drag.] A small craft used in the West India
Islands to take off sugars, rum, etc., to the merchantmen; also,
a vessel for transporting lumber, cotton, etc., coastwise;
as, a lumber drogher. [Written
also droger.]
Ham. Nar. Encyc.
<-- p. 456 -->
{ Drog"man (?), Drog"o*man
(?) }, n. See
Dragoman.
Drogue (?), n. (Naut.)
See Drag, n., 6, and Drag
sail, under Drag, n.
Droh (?), imp. of
Draw. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Droil (?), v. i. [D.
druilen to mope.] To work sluggishly or
slowly; to plod. [Obs.]
Droil, n. [D. druil sluggard.
Cf. Droll.]
1. A drudge. [Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.
2. Mean labor; toil.[Obs.]
Droit (?), n. [F. See
Direct.] A right; law in its aspect of the
foundation of rights; also, in old law, the writ of right.
Abbott.
\'d8Droit d'aubaine. See under
Aubaine. -- Droits of the Admiralty
(Eng. Law), rights or perquisites of the
Admiralty, arising from seizure of an enemy's ships in port on
the breaking out of war, or those coming into port in ignorance
of hostilities existing, or from such ships as are taken by
noncommissioned captors; also, the proceeds of wrecks, and
derelict property at sea. The droits of admiralty are
now paid into the Exchequer for the public benefit.
Droi"tu*ral (?), a. (O. Eng.
Law) relating to the mere right of property, as
distinguished from the right of possession; as,
droitural actions. [Obs.]
Burrill.
\'d8Droitzsch"ka (?), n. See
Drosky.
Droll (?), a.
[Compar. Droller (?);
superl. Drollest (?).]
[F. dr\'93le; cf. G. & D. drollig, LG.
drullig, D. drol a thick and short person,
a droll, Sw. troll a magical appearance, demon,
trolla to use magic arts, enchant, Dan.
trold elf, imp, Icel. tr\'94ll giant,
magician, evil spirit, monster. If this is the origin, cf.
Trull.] Queer, and fitted to provoke
laughter; ludicrous from oddity; amusing and strange.
Syn. -- Comic; comical; farcical; diverting; humorous;
ridiculous; queer; odd; waggish; facetious; merry; laughable;
ludicrous. -- Droll, Laughable,
Comical. Laughable is the generic term,
denoting anything exciting laughter or worthy of laughter;
comical denotes something of the kind exhibited in
comedies, something humorous of the kind exhibited in
comedies, something, as it were, dramatically
humorous; droll stands lower on the scale,
having reference to persons or things which excite laughter by
their buffoonery or oddity. A laughable incident; a
comical adventure; a droll story.
Droll, n.
1. One whose practice it is to raise mirth by odd
tricks; a jester; a buffoon; a merry-andrew.
Prior.
2. Something exhibited to raise mirth or sport, as
a puppet, a farce, and the like.
Droll, v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Drolled (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Drolling.] To jest; to play
the buffoon. [R.]
Droll, v. t.
1. To lead or influence by jest or trick; to banter
or jest; to cajole.
Men that will not be reasoned into their senses, may yet be
laughed or drolled into them.
L'Estrange.
2. To make a jest of; to set in a comical
light. [R.]
This drolling everything is rather fatiguing.
W. D. Howells.
Droll"er, n. A jester; a droll.
[Obs.]
Glanvill.
Droll"er*y (?), n.; pl.
Drolleries (#). [F.
dr\'93lerie. See Droll.]
1. The quality of being droll; sportive tricks;
buffoonery; droll stories; comical gestures or manners.
The rich drollery of \'bdShe Stoops to
Conquer.\'b8
Macaulay.
2. Something which serves to raise mirth; as:
(a) A puppet show; also, a puppet.
[Obs.] Shak. (b) A lively or
comic picture. [Obs.]
I bought an excellent drollery, which I afterward
parted with to my brother George of Wotton.
Evelyn.
Droll"ing*ly, adv. In a jesting
manner.
Droll"ish, a. Somewhat droll.
Sterne.
Droll"ist, n. A droll.
[R.]
Glanvill.
Dro`m\'91*og"na*thous (?), a.
[NL. dromaius emu + Gr. / jaw.]
(Zo\'94l.) Having the structure of the palate
like that of the ostrich and emu.
\'d8Drom`a*the"ri*um (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / running + / beast. See
Dromedary.] (Paleon.) A small
extinct triassic mammal from North Carolina, the earliest yet
found in America.
Drome (?), n. [F., fr. Gr. /
running. See Dromedary.] (Zo\'94l.)
The crab plover (Dromas ardeola), a peculiar
North African bird, allied to the oyster catcher.
Drom"e*da*ry (?), n.; pl.
Dromedaries (#). [F.
dromadaire, LL. dromedarius, fr. L.
dromas (sc. camelus), fr. Gr. / running,
from /, used as aor. of / to run; cf. Skr. dram to
run.] (Zo\'94l.) The Arabian camel
(Camelus dromedarius), having one hump or protuberance
on the back, in distinction from the Bactrian camel,
which has two humps.
Deloul.
{ Drom"ond (?), Drom"on
(?) }. [OF. dromont, L.
dromo, fr. Gr./ light vessel, prob. fr./ to run.
See Dromedary.] In the Middle Ages, a large,
fast-sailing galley, or cutter; a large, swift war vessel.
[Hist. or Archaic]
Fuller.
The great dromond swinging from the quay.
W. Morris.
Drone (?), n. [OE.
drane a dronebee, AS. dr\'ben; akin to OS.
dr\'ben, OHG. treno, G. drohne,
Dan. drone, cf. Gr. / a kind of wasp, dial. Gr. /
drone. Prob. named fr. the droning sound. See Drone,
v. i.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) The male of bees, esp. of
the honeybee. It gathers no honey. See Honeybee.
All with united force combine to drive
The lazy drones from the laborious hive.
Dryden.
2. One who lives on the labors of others; a lazy,
idle fellow; a sluggard.
By living as a drone,to be an unprofitable and
unworthy member of so noble and learned a society.
Burton.
3. That which gives out a grave or monotonous tone
or dull sound; as: (a) A drum. [Obs.]
Halliwell. (b) The part of the bagpipe
containing the two lowest tubes, which always sound the key note
and the fifth.
4. A humming or deep murmuring sound.
The monotonous drone of the wheel.
Longfellow.
5. (Mus.) A monotonous bass, as in a
pastoral composition.
Drone (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Droned (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Droning.]
[Cf. (for sense 1) D. dreunen, G.
dr\'94hnen, Icel. drynja to roar,
drynr a roaring, Sw. dr\'94na to bellow,
drone, Dan. dr\'94ne, Goth. drunjus sound,
Gr. / dirge, / to cry aloud, Skr. dhran to sound.
Cf. Drone, n.]
1. To utter or make a low, dull, monotonous,
humming or murmuring sound.
Where the beetle wheels his droning flight.
T. Gray.
2. To love in idleness; to do nothing.
\'bdRace of droning kings.\'b8
Dryden.
Drone" bee` (?). (Zo\'94l.) The
male of the honeybee; a drone.
Drone" fly` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A
dipterous insect (Eristalis tenax), resembling the
drone bee. See Eristalis.
Drone"pipe`, n. One of the low-toned
tubes of a bagpipe.
Dron"go (?), n.; pl.
Drongos (/). (Zo\'94l.)
A passerine bird of the family Dicrurid\'91. They
are usually black with a deeply forked tail. They are natives of
Asia, Africa, and Australia; -- called also drongo
shrikes.
Dron"ish (?), a. Like a drone;
indolent; slow. Burke. --
Dron"ish*ly, adv. --
Dron"ish*ness, n.
Dron"ke*lewe (?), a. [See
Drink.] Given to drink; drunken.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Dron"te (?), n. [F.]
(Zo\'94l.) The dodo.
Dron"y (?), a. Like a drone;
sluggish; lazy.
Drool (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Drooled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Drooling.] [Contr. fr.
drivel.] To drivel, or drop saliva; as,
the child drools.
His mouth drooling with texts.
T. Parker.
Droop (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Drooped
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Drooping.] [Icel. dr/pa;
akin to E. drop. See Drop.]
1. To hang bending downward; to sink or hang down,
as an animal, plant, etc., from physical inability or exhaustion,
want of nourishment, or the like. \'bdThe purple flowers
droop.\'b8 \'bdAbove her drooped a
lamp.\'b8
Tennyson.
I saw him ten days before he died, and observed he began very
much to droop and languish.
Swift.
2. To grow weak or faint with disappointment,
grief, or like causes; to be dispirited or depressed; to
languish; as, her spirits drooped.
I'll animate the soldier's drooping courage.
Addison.
3. To proceed downward, or toward a close; to
decline. \'bdThen day drooped.\'b8
Tennyson.
Droop, v. t. To let droop or sink.
[R.]
M. Arnold.
Like to a withered vine
That droops his sapless branches to the ground.
Shak.
Droop, n. A drooping; as, a
droop of the eye.
Droop"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, droops.
Droop"ing*ly, adv. In a drooping
manner.
Drop (?), n. [OE.
drope, AS. dropa; akin to OS.
dropo, D. drop, OHG. tropo, G.
tropfen, Icel. dropi, Sw.
droppe; and Fr. AS. dre\'a2pan to drip,
drop; akin to OS. driopan, D. druipen, OHG.
triofan, G. triefen, Icel.
drj/pa. Cf. Drip, Droop.]
1. The quantity of fluid which falls in one small
spherical mass; a liquid globule; a minim; hence, also, the
smallest easily measured portion of a fluid; a small quantity;
as, a drop of water.
With minute drops from off the eaves.
Milton.
As dear to me as are the ruddy drops
That visit my sad heart.
Shak.
That drop of peace divine.
Keble.
2. That which resembles, or that which hangs like,
a liquid drop; as a hanging diamond ornament, an earring, a glass
pendant on a chandelier, a sugarplum (sometimes medicated), or a
kind of shot or slug.
3. (Arch.) (a) Same as
Gutta. (b) Any small pendent
ornament.
4. Whatever is arranged to drop, hang, or fall from
an elevated position; also, a contrivance for lowering
something; as: (a) A door or platform opening
downward; a trap door; that part of the gallows on which a
culprit stands when he is to be hanged; hence, the gallows
itself. (b) A machine for lowering heavy
weights, as packages, coal wagons, etc., to a ship's deck.
(c) A contrivance for temporarily lowering a gas
jet. (d) A curtain which drops or falls in
front of the stage of a theater, etc. (e) A
drop press or drop hammer. (f) (Mach.)
The distance of the axis of a shaft below the base of a
hanger.
5. pl. Any medicine the dose of which
is measured by drops; as, lavender drops.
6. (Naut.) The depth of a square sail;
-- generally applied to the courses only.
Ham. Nav. Encyc.
7. Act of dropping; sudden fall or descent.
Ague drop, Black drop.
See under Ague, Black. -- Drop by
drop, in small successive quantities; in repeated
portions. \'bdMade to taste drop by drop more than the
bitterness of death.\'b8 Burke. -- Drop
curtain. See Drop, n., 4.
(d). -- Drop forging. (Mech.)
(a) A forging made in dies by a drop hammer.
(b) The process of making drop forgings. --
Drop hammer (Mech.), a hammer for
forging, striking up metal, etc., the weight being raised by a
strap or similar device, and then released to drop on the metal
resting on an anvil or die. -- Drop kick
(Football), a kick given to the ball as it
rebounds after having been dropped from the hands. --
Drop lake, a pigment obtained from Brazil wood.
Mollett. -- Drop letter, a letter to
be delivered from the same office where posted. -- Drop
press (Mech.), a drop hammer; sometimes, a
dead-stroke hammer; -- also called drop. --
Drop scene, a drop curtain on which a scene is
painted. See Drop, n., 4. (d).
-- Drop seed. (Bot.) See the List under
Glass. -- Drop serene. (Med.)
See Amaurosis.
Drop (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dropped (?)
or Dropt; p. pr. & vb. n.
Dropping.] [OE. droppen, AS.
dropan, v. i. See Drop, n.]
1. To pour or let fall in drops; to pour in small
globules; to distill. \'bdThe trees drop
balsam.\'b8
Creech.
The recording angel, as he wrote it down, dropped a
tear upon the word and blotted it out forever.
Sterne.
2. To cause to fall in one portion, or by one
motion, like a drop; to let fall; as, to drop a line
in fishing; to drop a courtesy.
3. To let go; to dismiss; to set aside; to have
done with; to discontinue; to forsake; to give up; to omit.
They suddenly drop't the pursuit.
S. Sharp.
That astonishing ease with which fine ladies drop
you and pick you up again.
Thackeray.
The connection had been dropped many years.
Sir W. Scott.
Dropping the too rough H in Hell and Heaven.
Tennyson.
4. To bestow or communicate by a suggestion; to let
fall in an indirect, cautious, or gentle manner; as, to
drop hint, a word of counsel, etc.
5. To lower, as a curtain, or the muzzle of a gun,
etc.
6. To send, as a letter; as, please
drop me a line, a letter, word.
7. To give birth to; as, to drop a
lamb.
8. To cover with drops; to variegate; to
bedrop.
Show to the sun their waved coats dropped with
gold.
Milton.
To drop a vessel (Naut.), to leave
it astern in a race or a chase; to outsail it.
Drop, v. i.
1. To fall in drops.
The kindly dew drops from the higher tree,
And wets the little plants that lowly dwell.
Spenser.
2. To fall, in general, literally or figuratively;
as, ripe fruit drops from a tree; wise words
drop from the lips.
Mutilations of which the meaning has dropped out of
memory.
H. Spencer.
When the sound of dropping nuts is heard.
Bryant.
3. To let drops fall; to discharge itself in
drops.
The heavens . . . dropped at the presence of
God.
Ps. lxviii. 8.
4. To fall dead, or to fall in death.
Nothing, says Seneca, so soon reconciles us to the thoughts of
our own death, as the prospect of one friend after another
dropping round us.
Digby.
5. To come to an end; to cease; to pass out of
mind; as, the affair dropped.
Pope.
6. To come unexpectedly; -- with in or
into; as, my old friend dropped in a
moment.
Steele.
Takes care to drop in when he thinks you are just
seated.
Spectator.
7. To fall or be depressed; to lower; as, the
point of the spear dropped a little.
8. To fall short of a mark. [R.]
Often it drops or overshoots by the disproportion
of distance.
Collier.
9. To be deep in extent; to descend
perpendicularly; as, her main topsail drops
seventeen yards.
To drop astern (Naut.), to go
astern of another vessel; to be left behind; to slacken the speed
of a vessel so as to fall behind and to let another pass a
head. -- To drop down (Naut.), to
sail, row, or move down a river, or toward the sea. --
To drop off, to fall asleep gently; also, to die.
[Colloq.]
Drop"let (?), n. A little drop;
a tear.
Shak.
Drop"light` (?), n. An
apparatus for bringing artificial light down from a chandelier
nearer to a table or desk; a pendant.
{ Drop"meal`, Drop"mele` }
(?), adv. [AS. drop-m/lum;
dropa drop + m/l portion. Cf.
Piecemeal.] By drops or small portions.
[Obs.]
Distilling dropmeal, a little at once.
Holland.
Drop"per (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, drops. Specif.:
(Fishing) A fly that drops from the leaden above the
bob or end fly.
2. A dropping tube.
3. (Mining) A branch vein which drops
off from, or leaves, the main lode.
4. (Zo\'94l.) A dog which suddenly drops
upon the ground when it sights game, -- formerly a common, and
still an occasional, habit of the setter.
Drop"ping (?), n. 1.
The action of causing to drop or of letting drop;
falling.
2. pl. That which falls in drops; the
excrement or dung of animals.
Dropping bottle, an instrument used to supply
small quantities of a fluid to a test tube or other vessel.
-- Dropping fire, a continued irregular discharge
of firearms. -- Dropping tube, a tube for
ejecting any liquid in drops.
Drop"pin*ly, adv. In drops.
Drop"si*cal (?), a. [From
Dropsy.]
1. Diseased with dropsy; hydropical; tending to
dropsy; as, a dropsical patient.
2. Of or pertaining to dropsy.
Drop"si*cal*ness, n. State of being
dropsical.
Drop"sied (?), a. Diseased with
drops.
Shak.
Drop"sy (?), n.; pl.
Dropsies (#). [OE.
dropsie, dropesie, OF.
idropisie, F. hydropisie, L.
hydropisis, fr. Gr. / dropsy, fr. / water. See
Water, and cf. Hydropsy.]
(Med.) An unnatural collection of serous fluid in
any serous cavity of the body, or in the subcutaneous cellular
tissue.
Dunglison.
Dropt (?), imp. & p. p. of
Drop, v.
G. Eliot.
Drop"wise` (?), adv. After the
manner of a drop; in the form of drops.
Trickling dropwise from the cleft.
Tennyson.
<-- p. 457 -->
Drop"worm` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) The larva of any geometrid moth, which
drops from trees by means of a thread of silk, as the
cankerworm.
Drop"wort` (?), n. (Bot.)
An Old World species of Spir\'91a (S.
filipendula), with finely cut leaves.
\'d8Dros"e*ra (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. / dewy.] (Bot.) A genus of low
perennial or biennial plants, the leaves of which are beset with
gland-tipped bristles. See Sundew.
Gray.
Dros"ky (?), n.; pl.
Droskies (#). [Russ.
drojki, dim. of drogi a kind of carriage,
prop. pl. of droga shaft or pole of a carriage.]
A low, four-wheeled, open carriage, used in Russia,
consisting of a kind of long, narrow bench, on which the
passengers ride as on a saddle, with their feet reaching nearly
to the ground. Other kinds of vehicles are now so called, esp. a
kind of victoria drawn by one or two horses, and used as a public
carriage in German cities. [Written also
droitzschka, and droschke.]
Dro*som"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. /
dew + -meter: cf. F. drosom\'82tre.]
(Meteorol.) An instrument for measuring the
quantity of dew on the surface of a body in the open air. It
consists of a balance, having a plate at one end to receive the
dew, and at the other a weight protected from the deposit of
dew.
Dross (?), n. [AS.
dros, fr. dre\'a2san to fall. See
Dreary.]
1. The scum or refuse matter which is thrown off,
or falls from, metals in smelting the ore, or in the process of
melting; recrement.
2. Rust of metals. [R.]
Addison.
3. Waste matter; any worthless matter separated
from the better part; leavings; dregs; refuse.
All world's glory is but dross unclean.
Spenser.
At the devil's booth are all things sold,
Each ounce of dross coats its ounce of gold.
Lowell.
Dros"sel (?), n. [Cf.
Drazel.] A slut; a hussy; a drazel.
[Obs.]
Warner.
Dross"less, a. Free from dross.
Stevens.
Dross"y (?), a.
[Compar. Drossier (?);
superl. Drossiest (?).]
Of, pertaining to, resembling, dross; full of dross; impure;
worthless. \'bd Drossy gold.\'b8
Dryden. \'bdDrossy rhymes.\'b8
Donne. -- Dross"i*ness,
n.
Drotch"el (?), n. See
Drossel. [Obs.]
Drough (?), imp. of
Draw. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Drought (?), n. [OE.
droght, drougth, dru//, AS.
druga/, from drugian to dry. See
Dry, and cf. Drouth, which shows the original
final sound.]
1. Dryness; want of rain or of water; especially,
such dryness of the weather as affects the earth, and prevents
the growth of plants; aridity.
The drought of March hath pierced to the root.
Chaucer.
In a drought the thirsty creatures cry.
Dryden.
2. Thirst; want of drink.
Johnson.
3. Scarcity; lack.
A drought of Christian writers caused a dearth of
all history.
Fuller.
Drought"i*ness (?), n. A state
of dryness of the weather; want of rain.
Drought"y (?), a.
1. Characterized by drought; wanting rain; arid;
adust.
Droughty and parched countries.
Ray.
2. Dry; thirsty; wanting drink.
Thy droughty throat.
Philips.
Drou"my (?), a. [Cf. Scot.
drum, dram, melancholy, Icel
prumr a moper, W. trwm heavy, sad.]
Troubled; muddy. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Drouth (?), n. Same as
Drought.
Sandys.
Another ill accident is drouth at the spindling of
corn.
Bacon.
One whose drouth [thirst],
Yet scarce allayed, still eyes the current stream.
Milton.
In the dust and drouth of London life.
Tennyson.
Drouth"y (?), a.
Droughty.
Drove (?), imp. of
Drive.
Drove, n. [AS. dr\'bef, fr.
dr\'c6fan to drive. See Drive.]
1. A collection of cattle driven, or cattle
collected for driving; a number of animals, as oxen, sheep, or
swine, driven in a body.
2. Any collection of irrational animals, moving or
driving forward; as, a finny drove.
Milton.
3. A crowd of people in motion.
Where droves, as at a city gate, may pass.
Dryden.
4. A road for driving cattle; a driftway.
[Eng.]
5. (Agric.) A narrow drain or channel
used in the irrigation of land.
Simmonds.
6. (Masonry) (a) A broad chisel
used to bring stone to a nearly smooth surface; -- called also
drove chisel. (b) The
grooved surface of stone finished by the drove chisel; -- called
also drove work.
Dro"ven (?), p. p. of
Drive. [Obs.]
Dro"ver (?), n.
1. One who drives cattle or sheep to market; one
who makes it his business to purchase cattle, and drive them to
market.
Why, that's spoken like an honest drover; so they
sell bullocks.
Shak.
2. A boat driven by the tide.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
Dro"vy (?), a. [AS.
dr/f dirty; cf. D. droef, G.
tr\'81be, Goth. dr/bjan to
trouble.] Turbid; muddy; filthy.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Drow (?), imp. of
Draw. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Drown (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Drowned
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Drowning.] [OE. drunen,
drounen, earlier drunknen,
druncnien, AS. druncnian to be drowned,
sink, become drunk, fr. druncen drunken. See
Drunken, Drink.] To be suffocated in
water or other fluid; to perish in water.
Methought, what pain it was to drown.
Shak.
Drown, v. t.
1. To overwhelm in water; to submerge; to
inundate. \'bdThey drown the land.\'b8
Dryden.
2. To deprive of life by immersion in water or
other liquid.
3. To overpower; to overcome; to extinguish; --
said especially of sound.
Most men being in sensual pleasures drowned.
Sir J. Davies.
My private voice is drowned amid the senate.
Addison.
To drown up, to swallow up.
[Obs.]
Holland.
Drown"age (?), n. The act of
drowning. [R.]
Drown"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, drowns.
Drowse (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Drowsed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Drowsing.] [AS. dr/sian,
dr/san, to sink, become slow or inactive; cf. OD.
droosen to be sleepy, fall asleep, LG.
dr/sen, druusken, to slumber, fall down
with a noise; prob, akin to AS. dre\'a2san to fall.
See Dreary.] To sleep imperfectly or
unsoundly; to slumber; to be heavy with sleepiness; to
doze. \'bdHe drowsed upon his couch.\'b8
South.
In the pool drowsed the cattle up to their
knees.
Lowell.
Drowse, v. t. To make heavy with
sleepiness or imperfect sleep; to make dull or stupid.
Milton.
Drowse, n. A slight or imperfect sleep;
a doze.
But smiled on in a drowse of ecstasy.
Mrs. Browning.
Drow"si*head (?), n.
Drowsiness.
Thomson.
Drow"si*hed, n. Drowsihead.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
Drow"si*ly, adv. In a drowsy
manner.
Drow"si*ness, n. State of being
drowsy.
Milton.
Drow"sy (?), a.
[Compar. Drowsier (?);
superl. Drowsiest.]
1. Inclined to drowse; heavy with sleepiness;
lethargic; dozy. \'bdWhen I am drowsy.\'b8
Shak.
Dapples the drowsy east with spots of gray.
Shak.
To our age's drowsy blood
Still shouts the inspiring sea.
Lowell.
2. Disposing to sleep; lulling; soporific.
The drowsy hours, dispensers of all good.
Tennyson.
3. Dull; stupid. \'bd Drowsy
reasoning.\'b8
Atterbury.
Syn. -- Sleepy; lethargic; dozy; somnolent; comatose; dull
heavy; stupid.
Drowth (?), n. See
Drought.
Bacon.
Droyle (?), v. i. See
Droil. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Drub (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Drubbed; p. pr.
& vb. n. Drubbing.] [Cf. Prov. E.
drab to beat, Icel. & Sw. drabba to hit,
beat, Dan. dr\'91be to slay, and perh. OE.
drepen to strike, kill, AS. drepan to
strike, G. & D. freffen to hit, touch, Icel.
drepa to strike, kill.] To beat with a
stick; to thrash; to cudgel.
Soundly Drubbed with a good honest cudgel.
L'Estrange.
Drub, n. A blow with a cudgel; a
thump.
Addison.
Drub"ber (?), n. One who
drubs.
Sir W. Scott.
Drudge (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Drudged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Drudging.] [OE. druggen;
prob not akin to E. drag, v. t., but fr. Celtic; cf.
Ir. drugaire a slave or drudge.] To perform
menial work; to labor in mean or unpleasant offices with toil and
fatigue.
He gradually rose in the estimation of the booksellers for
whom he drudged.
Macaulay.
Drudge, v. t. To consume laboriously; --
with away.
Rise to our toils and drudge away the day.
Otway.
Drudge, n. One who drudges; one who
works hard in servile employment; a mental servant.
Milton.
Drudg"er (?), n. 1.
One who drudges; a drudge.
2. A dredging box.
Drudg"er*y (?), n. The act of
drudging; disagreeable and wearisome labor; ignoble or slavish
toil.
The drudgery of penning definitions.
Macaulay.
Paradise was a place of bliss . . . without
drudgery and with out sorrow.
Locke.
Syn. -- See Toll.
Drudg"ing box` (?). See Dredging
box.
Drudg"ing*ly, adv. In a drudging manner;
laboriously.
Dru"er*y (?), n. [OF.
druerie.] Courtship; gallantry; love; an
object of love. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Drug (?), v. i. [See 1st
Drudge.] To drudge; to toil
laboriously. [Obs.] \'bdTo drugge
and draw.\'b8
Chaucer.
Drug, n. A drudge (?).
Shak. (Timon iv. 3, 253).
Drug, n. [F. drogue, prob.
fr. D. droog; akin to E. dry; thus orig.,
dry substance, hers, plants, or wares. See Dry.]
1. Any animal, vegetable, or mineral substance used
in the composition of medicines; any stuff used in dyeing or in
chemical operations.
Whence merchants bring
Their spicy drugs.
Milton.
2. Any commodity that lies on hand, or is not
salable; an article of slow sale, or in no demand. \'bdBut
sermons are mere drugs.\'b8
Fielding.
And virtue shall a drug become.
Dryden.
Drug, v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Drugged (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Drugging.] [Cf. F.
droguer.] To prescribe or administer drugs
or medicines.
B. Jonson.
Drug, v. t.
1. To affect or season with drugs or ingredients;
esp., to stupefy by a narcotic drug. Also Fig.
The laboring masses . . . [were] drugged into
brutish good humor by a vast system of public spectacles.
C. Kingsley.
Drug thy memories, lest thou learn it.
Tennyson.
2. To tincture with something offensive or
injurious.
Drugged as oft,
With hatefullest disrelish writhed their jaws.
Milton.
3. To dose to excess with, or as with, drugs.
With pleasure drugged, he almost longed for
woe.
Byron.
Drug"ger (?), n. A
druggist. [Obs.]
Burton.
Drug"get (?), n. [F.
droguet, prop. dim. of drogue trash, stuff,
perh, the same word as drogue drug, but cf. also W.
drwg evil, bad, Ir. & Gael. droch, Arm.
droug, drouk. See 3d Drug.]
(a) A coarse woolen cloth dyed of one color or
printed on one side; generally used as a covering for
carpets. (b) By extension, any material used
for the same purpose.
Drug"gist (?), n. [F.
droguiste, fr. drogue. See 3d
Drug.] One who deals in drugs; especially,
one who buys and sells drugs without compounding them; also, a
pharmaceutist or apothecary.
Apothecary.
Drug"ster (?), n. A
druggist. [Obs.]
Boule.
Dru"id (?), n. [L.
Druides; of Celtic origin; cf. Ir. & Gael.
draoi, druidh, magician, Druid, W.
derwydd Druid.]
1. One of an order of priests which in ancient
times existed among certain branches of the Celtic race,
especially among the Gauls and Britons.
2. A member of a social and benevolent order,
founded in London in 1781, and professedly based on the
traditions of the ancient Druids. Lodges or groves of
the society are established in other countries.
Druid stones, a name given, in the south of
England, to weatherworn, rough pillars of gray sandstone
scattered over the chalk downs, but in other countries generally
in the form of circles, or in detached pillars.
Dru"id*ess, n. A female Druid; a
prophetess.
{ Dru*id"ic (?), Dru*id"ic*al
(?), } a. Pertaining to, or
resembling, the Druids.
Druidical circles. See under
Circle.
Dru"id*ish (?), a.
Druidic.
Dru"id*ism (?), n. The system
of religion, philosophy, and instruction, received and taught by
the Druids; the rites and ceremonies of the Druids.
Drum (?), n. [Cf. D.
trom, trommel, LG. trumme, G.
trommel, Dan. tromme, Sw.
trumma, OHG. trumba a trumpet, Icel.
pruma a clap of thunder, and as a verb, to thunder,
Dan. drum a booming sound, drumme to boom;
prob. partly at least of imitative origin; perh. akin to E.
trum, or trumpet.]
1. (Mus.) An instrument of percussion,
consisting either of a hollow cylinder, over each end of which is
stretched a piece of skin or vellum, to be beaten with a stick;
or of a metallic hemisphere (kettledrum) with a single piece of
skin to be so beaten; the common instrument for marking time in
martial music; one of the pair of tympani in an
orchestra, or cavalry band.
The drums cry bud-a-dub.
Gascoigne.
2. Anything resembling a drum in form; as:
(a) A sheet iron radiator, often in the shape of a
drum, for warming an apartment by means of heat received from a
stovepipe, or a cylindrical receiver for steam, etc.
(b) A small cylindrical box in which figs, etc.,
are packed. (c) (Anat.) The
tympanum of the ear; -- often, but incorrectly, applied to the
tympanic membrane. (d) (Arch.) One
of the cylindrical, or nearly cylindrical, blocks, of which the
shaft of a column is composed; also, a vertical wall, whether
circular or polygonal in plan, carrying a cupola or dome.
(e) (Mach.) A cylinder on a revolving
shaft, generally for the purpose of driving several pulleys, by
means of belts or straps passing around its periphery; also, the
barrel of a hoisting machine, on which the rope or chain is
wound.
3. (Zo\'94l.) See
Drumfish.
4. A noisy, tumultuous assembly of fashionable
people at a private house; a rout. [Archaic]
Not unaptly styled a drum, from the noise and
emptiness of the entertainment.
Smollett.
drum major,
rout, tempest, and hurricane,
differing only in degrees of multitude and uproar, as the
significant name of each declares.
5. A tea party; a kettledrum.
G. Eliot.
Bass drum. See in the Vocabulary. --
Double drum. See under Double.
Drum, v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Drummed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Drumming.]
1. To beat a drum with sticks; to beat or play a
tune on a drum.
2. To beat with the fingers, as with drumsticks; to
beat with a rapid succession of strokes; to make a noise like
that of a beaten drum; as, the ruffed grouse drums
with his wings.
Drumming with his fingers on the arm of his
chair.
W. Irving.
3. To throb, as the heart. [R.]
Dryden.
4. To go about, as a drummer does, to gather
recruits, to draw or secure partisans, customers, etc,; -- with
for.
Drum, v. t.
1. To execute on a drum, as a tune.
2. (With out) To expel ignominiously,
with beat of drum; as, to drum out a deserter or
rogue from a camp, etc.
3. (With up) To assemble by, or as by,
beat of drum; to collect; to gather or draw by solicitation;
as, to drum up recruits; to drum up
customers.
Drum"beat` (?), n. The sound of
a beaten drum; drum music.
Whose morning drumbeat, following the sun, and
keeping company with the hours, circles the earth with one
continuous and unbroken strain of the martial airs of
England.
D. Webster.
Drum"ble (?), v. i. [See
Drumly.]
1. To be sluggish or lazy; to be confused.
[Obs.]
Shak.
2. To mumble in speaking. [Obs.]
Drum"fish` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) any fish of the family
Sci\'91nid\'91, which makes a loud noise by means of
its air bladder; -- called also drum.
<-- p. 458 -->
Pogonias chromis) is
a large species, common south of New Jersey. The southern red
drum or red horse (Sci\'91na ocellata), and the
fresh-water drum or croaker (Aplodionotus grunniens),
are related species.
Drum"head` (?), n.
1. The parchment or skin stretched over one end of
a drum.
2. The top of a capstan which is pierced with
sockets for levers used in turning it. See Illust. of
Capstan.
Drumhead court-martial (Mil.), a
summary court-martial called to try offenses on the battlefield
or the line of march, when, sometimes, a drumhead has to do
service as a writing table.
Drum"lin (?), n. [Gael.
druim the ridge of a hill.] (Geol.)
A hill of compact, unstratified, glacial drift or till,
usually elongate or oval, with the larger axis parallel to the
former local glacial motion.
Drum"ly, a. [Cf. Droumy.]
Turbid; muddy. [Scot. & Obs. or Prov.
Eng.]
Wodroephe (1623). Burns.
Drum" ma"jor (?).
1. The chief or first drummer of a regiment; an
instructor of drummers.
2. The marching leader of a military band.
[U.S.]
3. A noisy gathering. [R.] See under
Drum, n., 4.
Drum"mer (?), n.
1. One whose office is to best the drum, as in
military exercises and marching.
2. One who solicits custom; a commercial
traveler. [Colloq. U.S.]
Bartlett.
3. (Zo\'94l.) A fish that makes a sound
when caught; as: (a) The squeteague.
(b) A California sculpin.
4. (Zo\'94l.) A large West Indian
cockroach (Blatta gigantea) which drums on woodwork,
as a sexual call.
Drum"ming (?), n. The act of
beating upon, or as if upon, a drum; also, the noise which the
male of the ruffed grouse makes in spring, by beating his wings
upon his sides.
Drum"mond light` (?). [From Thomas
Drummond, a British naval officer.] A very
intense light, produced by turning two streams of gas, one oxygen
and the other hydrogen, or coal gas, in a state of ignition, upon
a ball of lime; or a stream of oxygen gas through a flame of
alcohol upon a ball or disk of lime; -- called also
oxycalcium light, or lime
light.
Drum"stick` (?), n.
1. A stick with which a drum is beaten.
2. Anything resembling a drumstick in form, as the
tibiotarsus, or second joint, of the leg of a fowl.
Drunk (?), a. [OE.
dronke, drunke, dronken,
drunken, AS. druncen. Orig. the same as
drunken, p. p. of drink. See
Drink.]
1. Intoxicated with, or as with, strong drink;
inebriated; drunken; -- never used attributively, but
always predicatively; as, the man is
drunk (not, a drunk man).
Be not drunk with wine, where in is excess.
Eph. v. 18.
Drunk with recent prosperity.
Macaulay.
2. Drenched or saturated with moisture or
liquid.
I will make mine arrows drunk with blood.
Deut. xxxii. 42.
Drunk, n. A drunken condition; a
spree. [Slang]
Drunk"ard (?), n.
[Drunk + -ard.] One who
habitually drinks strong liquors immoderately; one whose habit it
is to get drunk; a toper; a sot.
The drunkard and glutton shall come to poverty.
Prov. xxiii. 21.
Drunk"en (?), a. [AS.
druncen, prop., that has drunk, p. p. of
drincan, taken as active. See Drink, v.
i., and cf. Drunk.]
1. Overcome by strong drink; intoxicated by, or as
by, spirituous liquor; inebriated.
Drunken men imagine everything turneth round.
Bacon.
2. Saturated with liquid or moisture;
drenched.
Let the earth be drunken with our blood.
Shak.
3. Pertaining to, or proceeding from,
intoxication.
The drunken quarrels of a rake.
Swift.
Drunk"en*head (?), n.
Drunkenness. [Obs.]
Drunk"en*ly, adv. In a drunken
manner. [R.]
Shak.
Drunk"en*ness, n.
1. The state of being drunken with, or as with,
alcoholic liquor; intoxication; inebriety; -- used of the casual
state or the habit.
The Lacedemonians trained up their children to hate
drunkenness by bringing a drunken man into their
company.
I. Watts.
2. Disorder of the faculties, resembling
intoxication by liquors; inflammation; frenzy; rage.
Passion is the drunkenness of the mind.
South.
Syn. -- Intoxication; inebriation; inebriety. --
Drunkenness, Intoxication,
Inebriation. Drunkenness refers more to the
habit; intoxication and inebriation, to
specific acts. The first two words are extensively used in a
figurative sense; a person is intoxicated with
success, and is drunk with joy. \'bdThis plan of
empire was not taken up in the first intoxication of
unexpected success.\'b8
Burke.
{ Drunk"en*ship, Drunk"ship, }
n. The state of being drunk; drunkenness.
[Obs.]
Gower.
Dru*pa"ceous (?), a. [Cf. F.
drupac\'82.] (Bot.) Producing,
or pertaining to, drupes; having the form of drupes; as,
drupaceous trees or fruits.
Drup"al (?), a. (Bot.)
Drupaceous.
Drupe (?), n. [F.
drupe, L. drupa an overripe, wrinkled
olive, fr. Gr. /.] (Bot.) A fruit
consisting of pulpy, coriaceous, or fibrous exocarp, without
valves, containing a nut or stone with a kernel. The exocarp is
succulent in the plum, cherry, apricot, peach, etc.; dry and
subcoriaceous in the almond; and fibrous in the cocoanut.
{ Drup"el (?), Drupe"let
(?), } n. [Dim. of
Drupe.] (Bot.) A small drupe, as
one of the pulpy grains of the blackberry.
Druse (?), n. [Cf. G.
druse bonny, crystallized piece of ore, Bohem.
druza. Cf. Dross.] (Min.)
A cavity in a rock, having its interior surface studded with
crystals and sometimes filled with water; a geode.
Druse (?), n. One of a people
and religious sect dwelling chiefly in the Lebanon mountains of
Syria.
The Druses separated from the Mohammedan Arabs in the 9th
century. Their characteristic dogma is the unity of God.
Am. Cyc.
{ Dru"sy (?), Drused
(?), } a. (Min.)
Covered with a large number of minute crystals.
{ Drux"ey, Drux"y } (?),
a. [Etymol. uncertain.] Having decayed
spots or streaks of a whitish color; -- said of timber.
Weale.
Dry (?), a.
[Compar. Drier (?);
superl. Driest.] [OE.
dru/e, druye, drie, AS.
dryge; akin to LG. dr\'94ge, D.
droog, OHG. trucchan, G.
trocken, Icel. draugr a dry log. Cf.
Drought, Drouth, 3d Drug.]
1. Free from moisture; having little humidity or
none; arid; not wet or moist; deficient in the natural or normal
supply of moisture, as rain or fluid of any kind; -- said
especially: (a) Of the weather: Free from rain or
mist.
The weather, we agreed, was too dry for the
season.
Addison.
(b) Of vegetable matter: Free from juices or sap;
not succulent; not green; as, dry wood or hay.
(c) Of animals: Not giving milk; as, the cow is
dry. (d) Of persons: Thirsty;
needing drink.
Give the dry fool drink.
Shak
(e) Of the eyes: Not shedding tears.
Not a dry eye was to be seen in the assembly.
Prescott.
(f) (Med.) Of certain morbid conditions,
in which there is entire or comparative absence of moisture; as,
dry gangrene; dry catarrh.
2. Destitute of that which interests or amuses;
barren; unembellished; jejune; plain.
These epistles will become less dry, more
susceptible of ornament.
Pope.
3. Characterized by a quality somewhat severe,
grave, or hard; hence, sharp; keen; shrewd; quaint; as, a
dry tone or manner; dry wit.
He was rather a dry, shrewd kind of body.
W. Irving.
4. (Fine Arts) Exhibiting a sharp,
frigid preciseness of execution, or the want of a delicate
contour in form, and of easy transition in coloring.
Dry area (Arch.), a small open
space reserved outside the foundation of a building to guard it
from damp. -- Dry blow. (a)
(Med.) A blow which inflicts no wound, and causes
no effusion of blood. (b) A quick, sharp
blow. -- Dry bone (Min.),
Smithsonite, or carbonate of zinc; -- a miner's term. --
Dry castor (Zo\'94l.) a kind of beaver;
-- called also parchment beaver. --
Dry cupping. (Med.) See under
Cupping. -- Dry dock. See under
Dock. -- Dry fat. See Dry
vat (below). -- Dry light, pure
unobstructed light; hence, a clear, impartial view.
Bacon.
The scientific man must keep his feelings under stern control,
lest they obtrude into his researches, and color the dry
light in which alone science desires to see its
objects.
J. C. Shairp.
-- Dry masonry. See Masonry. --
Dry measure, a system of measures of volume for
dry or coarse articles, by the bushel, peck, etc. --
Dry pile (Physics), a form of the
Voltaic pile, constructed without the use of a liquid, affording
a feeble current, and chiefly useful in the construction of
electroscopes of great delicacy; -- called also
Zamboni's , from the names of the two earliest
constructors of it. -- Dry pipe (Steam
Engine), a pipe which conducts dry steam from a
boiler. -- Dry plate (Photog.), a
glass plate having a dry coating sensitive to light, upon which
photographic negatives or pictures can be made, without
moistening. -- Dry-plate process, the process
of photographing with dry plates. -- Dry point.
(Fine Arts) (a) An engraving made with
the needle instead of the burin, in which the work is done nearly
as in etching, but is finished without the use acid.
(b) A print from such an engraving, usually upon
paper. (c) Hence: The needle with which such an
engraving is made. -- Dry rent (Eng.
Law), a rent reserved by deed, without a clause of
distress. Bouvier. -- Dry rot, a
decay of timber, reducing its fibers to the condition of a dry
powdery dust, often accompanied by the presence of a peculiar
fungus (Merulius lacrymans), which is sometimes
considered the cause of the decay; but it is more probable that
the real cause is the decomposition of the wood itself. D. C.
Eaton. Called also sap rot, and, in the
United States, powder post.
Hebert. -- Dry stove, a hothouse
adapted to preserving the plants of arid climates.
Brande & C. -- Dry vat, a vat, basket, or
other receptacle for dry articles. -- Dry wine,
that in which the saccharine matter and fermentation were so
exactly balanced, that they have wholly neutralized each other,
and no sweetness is perceptible; -- opposed to sweet
wine, in which the saccharine matter is in
excess.
Dry, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dried (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Drying.] [AS. drygan; cf.
drugian to grow dry. See Dry,
a.] To make dry; to free from water, or
from moisture of any kind, and by any means; to exsiccate;
as, to dry the eyes; to dry one's tears;
the wind dries the earth; to dry a wet cloth;
to dry hay.
To dry up. (a) To scorch or parch
with thirst; to deprive utterly of water; to consume.
Their honorable men are famished, and their multitude
dried up with thirst.
Is. v. 13.
The water of the sea, which formerly covered it, was in time
exhaled and dried up by the sun.
Woodward.
(b) To make to cease, as a stream of talk.
Their sources of revenue were dried up.
Jowett (Thucyd. )
-- To dry, , a cow,
to cause a cow to cease secreting milk.
Tylor.
Dry, v. i.
1. To grow dry; to become free from wetness,
moisture, or juice; as, the road dries
rapidly.
2. To evaporate wholly; to be exhaled; -- said of
moisture, or a liquid; -- sometimes with up; as,
the stream dries, or dries up.
3. To shrivel or wither; to lose vitality.
And his hand, which he put forth against him, dried
up, so that he could not pull it in again to him.
I Kings xiii. 4.
Dry"ad (?), n. [L.
dryas, pl. dryades, Gr. /, pl. /, fr.
/ oak, tree. See Tree.] (Class.
Myth.) A wood nymph; a nymph whose life was bound up
with that of her tree.
\'d8Dry*an"dra (?), n. [NL.
Named after J. Dryander.]
(Bot.) A genus of shrubs growing in Australia,
having beautiful, hard, dry, evergreen leaves.
\'d8Dry"as (?), n.; pl.
Dryades (#). [L. See
Dryad.] (Class. Myth.) A
dryad.
Dry"-beat` (?), v. t. To beat
severely.
Shak.
Dry"-boned` (?), a. Having dry
bones, or bones without flesh.
Dry" dock` (?). (Naut.) See
under Dock.
Dry"er (?), n. See
Drier.
Sir W. Temple.
Dry"-eyed` (?), a. Not having
tears in the eyes.
Dry"-fist`ed (?), a.
Niggardly.
Dry"foot (?), n. The scent of
the game, as far as it can be traced. [Obs.]
Shak.
Dry" goods` (?). A commercial name for
textile fabrics, cottons, woolens, linen, silks, laces, etc., --
in distinction from groceries.
[U.S.]
Dry"ing, a.
1. Adapted or tending to exhaust moisture; as,
a drying wind or day; a drying room.
2. Having the quality of rapidly becoming
dry.
Drying oil, an oil which, either naturally or
after boiling with oxide of lead, absorbs oxygen from the air and
dries up rapidly. Drying oils are used as the bases of
many paints and varnishes.
Dry"ly, adv. In a dry manner; not
succulently; without interest; without sympathy; coldly.
Dry"ness, n. The state of being dry. See
Dry.
Dry" nurse` (?). A nurse who attends and
feeds a child by hand; -- in distinction from a wet
nurse, who suckles it.
Dry"nurse`, v. t. To feed, attend, and
bring up without the breast.
Hudibras.
\'d8Dry`o*bal"a*nops (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / oak + / acorn + / appearance. The
fruit remotely resembles an acorn in its cup.]
(Bot.) The genus to which belongs the single
species D. Camphora, a lofty resinous tree
of Borneo and Sumatra, yielding Borneo camphor and camphor
oil.
Dry"-rub` (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dry-rubbed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dry-rubbing.] To rub and cleanse
without wetting.
Dodsley.
Dry"salt`er (?), n. A dealer in
salted or dried meats, pickles, sauces, etc., and in the
materials used in pickling, salting, and preserving various kinds
of food Hence drysalters usually sell a number of saline
substances and miscellaneous drugs.
Brande & C.
Dry"salt`er*y (?), n. The
articles kept by a drysalter; also, the business of a
drysalter.
Dry"-shod` (?), a. Without
wetting the feet.
Dry"-stone` (?), a. Constructed
of uncemented stone. \'bdDry-stone walls.\'b8
Sir W. Scott.
{ Dryth (?), Drith },
n. Drought. [Obs.]
Tyndale.
Du"ad (?), n. [See
Dyad.] A union of two; duality.
[R.]
Harris.
Du"al (?), a. [L.
dualis, fr. duo two. See
Two.] Expressing, or consisting of, the
number two; belonging to two; as, the dual number of
nouns, etc. , in Greek.
Here you have one half of our dual truth.
Tyndall.
Du"a*lin (?), n. (Chem.)
An explosive substance consisting essentially of sawdust or
wood pulp, saturated with nitroglycerin and other similar nitro
compounds. It is inferior to dynamite, and is more liable to
explosion.
Du"al*ism (?), n. [Cf. F.
dualisme.] State of being dual or twofold;
a twofold division; any system which is founded on a double
principle, or a twofold distinction; as: (a)
(Philos.) A view of man as constituted of two
original and independent elements, as matter and spirit.
(Theol.) (b) A system which accepts two
gods, or two original principles, one good and the other
evil. (c) The doctrine that all mankind are
divided by the arbitrary decree of God, and in his eternal
foreknowledge, into two classes, the elect and the
reprobate. (d) (Physiol.) The
theory that each cerebral hemisphere acts independently of the
other.
An inevitable dualism bisects nature, so that each
thing is a half, and suggests another thing to make it whole.
Emerson.
Du"al*ist, n. [Cf. F.
dualiste.]
1. One who believes in dualism; a ditheist.
2. One who administers two offices.
Fuller.
Du`al*is"tic (?), a. Consisting
of two; pertaining to dualism or duality.
Dualistic system (Chem.), the theory,
originated by Lavoisier and developed by Berzelius, that all
definite compounds are binary in their nature, and consist of two
distinct constituents, themselves simple or complex, and
possessed of opposite chemical or electrical
affinities.
Du"al"i*ty (?), n. [L.
dualitas: cf. F. dualit\'82.]
The quality or condition of being two or twofold; dual
character or usage.
Du"an (?), n. [Gael. &
Ir.] A division of a poem corresponding to a canto; a
poem or song. [R.]
Du"ar*chy (?), n. [Gr. / two
+ -archy.] Government by two persons.
Dub (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Dubbed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Dubbing.] [AS.
dubban to strike, beat (\'bddubbade his
sunu . . . to r\'c6dere.\'b8 AS. Chron. an
1086); akin to Icel. dubba; cf. OF. adouber
(prob. fr. Icel.) a chevalier, Icel. dubba til
riddara.]
1. To confer knight.
2. To invest with any dignity or new character; to
entitle; to call.
A man of wealth is dubbed a man of worth.
Pope.
3. To clothe or invest; to ornament; to
adorn. [Obs.]
His diadem was dropped down
Dubbed with stones.
Morte d'Arthure.
4. To strike, rub, or dress smooth; to dab; as:
(a) To dress with an adz; as, to dub a
stick of timber smooth.
<-- p. 459 -->
(b) To strike cloth with teasels to raise a
nap. Halliwell. (c) To rub or dress
with grease, as leather in the process of cyrrying it.
Tomlinson. (d) To prepare for fighting, as
a gamecock, by trimming the hackles and cutting off the comb and
wattles.
To dub a fly, to dress a fishing fly.
[Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. -- To dub
out (Plastering), to fill out, as an uneven
surface, to a plane, or to carry out a series of small
projections.
Dub (?), v. i. To make a noise
by brisk drumbeats. \'bdNow the drum dubs.\'b8
Beau. & Fl.
Dub, n. A blow. [R.]
Hudibras.
Dub, n. [Cf. Ir. d\'a2b mire,
stream, W. dwvr water.] A pool or
puddle. [Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
Dubb (?), n. [Ar.]
(Zo\'94l.) The Syrian bear. See under
Bear. [Written also dhubb, and
dub.]
Dub"ber (?), n. One who, or
that which, dubs.
Dub"ber, n. [Hind.
dabbah.] A globular vessel or bottle of
leather, used in India to hold ghee, oil, etc. [Also
written dupper.]
M'Culloch.
Dub"bing (?), n.
1. The act of dubbing, as a knight, etc.
2. The act of rubbing, smoothing, or dressing; a
dressing off smooth with an adz.
3. A dressing of flour and water used by weavers; a
mixture of oil and tallow for dressing leather; daubing.
4. The body substance of an angler's fly.
Davy.
Du*bi"e*ty (?), n.; pl.
Dubieties (#). [L.
dubietas, fr. dubius. See
Dubious.] Doubtfulness; uncertainty;
doubt. [R.] Lamb. \'bdThe
dubiety of his fate.\'b8
Sir W. Scott.
Du`bi*os"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Dubiosities (#). [L.
dubiosus.] The state of being doubtful; a
doubtful statement or thing. [R.]
Men often swallow falsities for truths, dubiosities
for certainties, possibilities for feasibilities.
Sir T. Browne.
Du"bi*ous (?), a. [L.
dubius, dubiosus, fr. duo two.
See Two, and cf. Doubt.]
1. Doubtful or not settled in opinion; being in
doubt; wavering or fluctuating; undetermined.
\'bdDubious policy.\'b8
Sir T. Scott.
A dubious, agitated state of mind.
Thackeray.
2. Occasioning doubt; not clear, or obvious;
equivocal; questionable; doubtful; as, a dubious
answer.
Wiping the dingy shirt with a still more dubious
pocket handkerchief.
Thackeray.
3. Of uncertain event or issue; as, in
dubious battle.
Syn. -- Doubtful; doubting; unsettled; undetermined;
equivocal; uncertain. Cf. Doubtful.
Du"bi*ous*ly, adv. In a dubious
manner.
Du"bi*ous*ness, n. State of being
dubious.
Du"bi*ta*ble (?), a. [L.
dubitabilis. Cf. Doubtable.]
Liable to be doubted; uncertain. [R.]
Dr. H. More. -- Du"bi*ta*bly,
adv. [R.]
Du"bi*tan*cy (?), n. [LL.
dubitantia.] Doubt; uncertainty.
[R.]
Hammond.
Du"bi*tate (?), v. i. [L.
dubitatus, p. p. of dubitare. See
Doubt.] To doubt. [R.]
If he . . . were to loiter dubitating, and not
come.
Carlyle.
Du`bi*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
dubitatio.] Act of doubting; doubt.
[R.]
Sir T. Scott.
Du"bi*ta*tive (?), a. [L.
dubitativus: cf. F. dubitatif.]
Tending to doubt; doubtful. [R.] --
Du"bi*ta*tive*ly, adv.
[R.]
. Eliot.
\'d8Du*bois"i*a (?), n.
[NL.] (Med.) Same as
Duboisine.
Du*bois"ine (?), n.
(Med.) An alkaloid obtained from the leaves of an
Australian tree (Duboisia myoporoides), and regarded
as identical with hyoscyamine. It produces dilation of the pupil
of the eye.
Du"cal (?), a. [F.
ducal. See Duke.] Of or pertaining
to a duke.
His ducal cap was to be exchanged for a kingly
crown.
Motley.
Du"cal*ly, adv. In the manner of a duke,
or in a manner becoming the rank of a duke.
Duc"at (?), n. [F.
ducat, It. ducato, LL. ducatus,
fr. dux leader or commander. See Duke.]
A coin, either of gold or silver, of several countries in
Europe; originally, one struck in the dominions of a duke.
Duc`a*toon" (?), n. [F. or Sp.
ducaton, fr. ducat.] A silver
coin of several countries of Europe, and of different
values.
\'d8Du"ces te"cum (?). [L., bring with
thee.] A judicial process commanding a person to
appear in court and bring with him some piece of evidence or
other thing to be produced to the court.
Duch"ess (?), n. [F.
duchesse, fr. duc duke.] The
wife or widow of a duke; also, a lady who has the sovereignty of
a duchy in her own right.
\'d8Du`chesse" d'An`gou`l\'88me" (?).
[F.] (Bot.) A variety of pear of large
size and excellent flavor.
Duch"y (?), n.; pl.
Duchies (#). [F.
duch\'82, OF. duch\'82e, (assumed) LL.
ducitas, fr. L. dux. See
Duke.] The territory or dominions of a duke;
a dukedom.
Duck (?), n. [Cf. Dan.
dukke, Sw. docka, OHG. doccha,
G. docke. Cf. Doxy.] A pet; a
darling.
Shak.
Duck, n. [D. doek cloth,
canvas, or Icel. d/kr cloth; akin to OHG.
tuoh, G. tuch, Sw. duk, Dan.
dug.]
1. A linen (or sometimes cotton) fabric, finer and
lighter than canvas, -- used for the lighter sails of vessels,
the sacking of beds, and sometimes for men's clothing.
2. (Naut.) pl. The light
clothes worn by sailors in hot climates.
[Colloq.]
Duck, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Ducked (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Ducking.] [OE. duken,
douken, to dive; akin to D. duiken, OHG.
t/hhan, MHG. tucken,
t\'81cken, t/chen, G. tuchen.
Cf. 5th Duck.]
1. To thrust or plunge under water or other liquid
and suddenly withdraw.
Adams, after ducking the squire twice or thrice,
leaped out of the tub.
Fielding.
2. To plunge the head of under water, immediately
withdrawing it; as, duck the boy.
3. To bow; to bob down; to move quickly with a
downward motion. \'bd Will duck his head aside.
Swift.
Duck (?), v. i. 1. To
go under the surface of water and immediately reappear; to dive;
to plunge the head in water or other liquid; to dip.
In Tiber ducking thrice by break of day.
Dryden.
2. To drop the head or person suddenly; to
bow.
The learned pate
Ducks to the golden fool.
Shak.
Duck, n. [OE. duke,
doke. See Duck, v. t. ]
1. (Zool.) Any bird of the subfamily
Anatin\'91, family Anatid\'91.
river ducks and sea ducks.
Among the former are the common domestic duck (Anas
boschas); the wood duck (Aix sponsa); the
beautiful mandarin duck of China (Dendronessa
galeriliculata); the Muscovy duck, originally of South
America (Cairina moschata). Among the sea ducks are
the eider, canvasback, scoter, etc.
2. A sudden inclination of the bead or dropping of
the person, resembling the motion of a duck in water.
Here be, without duck or nod,
Other trippings to be trod.
Milton.
Bombay duck (Zo\'94l.), a fish. See
Bummalo. -- Buffel duck, Spirit duck. See Buffel duck.
-- Duck ant (Zo\'94l.), a species of
white ant in Jamaica which builds large nests in trees. --
Duck barnacle. (Zo\'94l.) See Goose
barnacle. -- Duck hawk.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) In the United States: The
peregrine falcon. (b) In England: The marsh
harrier or moor buzzard. -- Duck mole
(Zo\'94l.), a small aquatic mammal of Australia,
having webbed feet and a bill resembling that of a duck
(Ornithorhynchus anatinus). It belongs the subclass
Monotremata and is remarkable for laying eggs like a bird or
reptile; -- called also duckbill,
platypus, mallangong,
mullingong, tambreet, and
water mole. -- To make ducks and
drakes, to throw a flat stone obliquely, so as to make
it rebound repeatedly from the surface of the water, raising a
succession of jets<-- = skipping stones -->; hence: To
play at ducks and drakes, with property, to throw it
away heedlessly or squander it foolishly and unprofitably.
-- Lame duck. See under Lame.
Duck"bill`, n. (Zo\'94l.) See
Duck mole, under Duck, n.
Duck"-billed` (?), a. Having a
bill like that of a duck.<-- duckbilled platypus, see Duck
Mole, above -->.
Duck"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, ducks; a plunger; a
diver.
2. A cringing, servile person; a fawner.
Duck"ing, n. & a., from Duck,
v. t. & i.
Ducking stool, a stool or chair in which
common scolds were formerly tied, and plunged into water, as a
punishment. See Cucking stool. The practice of ducking
began in the latter part of the 15th century, and prevailed until
the early part of the 18th, and occasionally as late as the 19th
century. Blackstone. Chambers.
Duck"-legged` (?), a. Having
short legs, like a waddling duck; short-legged.
Dryden.
Duck"ling (?), n. A young or
little duck.
Gay.
{ Duck"meat` (?), Duck's"-meat` (?) }, n.
(Bot.) Duckweed.
Duck's"-bill`, a. Having the form of a
duck's bill.
Duck's-bill limpet (Zo\'94l.), a
limpet of the genus Parmaphorus; -- so named from its
shape.
Duck's"-foot` (?), n.
(Bot.) The May apple (Podophyllum
peltatum).
Duck"weed` (?), n. (Bot.)
A genus (Lemna) of small plants, seen floating in
great quantity on the surface of stagnant pools fresh water, and
supposed to furnish food for ducks; -- called also
duckmeat.
Duct (?), n. [L.
ductus a leading, conducting, conduit, fr.
ducere, ductum, to lead. See Duke,
and cf. Douche.]
1. Any tube or canal by which a fluid or other
substance is conducted or conveyed.
2. (Anat.) One of the vessels of an
animal body by which the products of glandular secretion are
conveyed to their destination.
3. (Bot.) A large, elongated cell,
either round or prismatic, usually found associated with woody
fiber.
Ducts are classified, according to the
character of the surface of their walls, or their structure, as
annular, spiral, scalariform, etc.
4. Guidance; direction. [Obs.]
Hammond.
Duc"ti*ble (?), a. Capable of
being drawn out [R.]
Feltham.
Duc"tile (?), a. [L.
ductilis, fr. ducere to lead: cf. F.
ductile. See Duct.]
1. Easily led; tractable; complying; yielding to
motives, persuasion, or instruction; as, a ductile
people.
Addison.
Forms their ductile minds
To human virtues.
Philips.
2. Capable of being elongated or drawn out, as into
wire or threads.
Gold . . . is the softest and most ductile of all
metals.
Dryden.
-- Duc"tile*ly (#), adv.
-- Duc"tile*ness, n.
Duc`ti*lim"e*ter (?), n.
[Ductile + -meter.] An
instrument for accurately determining the ductility of
metals.
Duc*til"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
ductilit\'82.]
1. The property of a metal which allows it to be
drawn into wires or filaments.
2. Tractableness; pliableness.
South.
Duc"tion (?), n. [L.
ductio, fr. ducere to lead.]
Guidance. [Obs.]
Feltham.
Duct"less (?), a. Having to
duct or outlet; as, a ductless gland.
Duc"tor (?), n. [L., fr.
ducere to lead.]
1. One who leads. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
2. (Mach.) A contrivance for removing
superfluous ink or coloring matter from a roller. See
Doctor, 4.
Knight.
Ductor roller (Printing), the
roller which conveys or supplies ink to another roller.
Knight.
Duc"ture (?), n.
Guidance. [Obs.]
South.
Dud"der (?), v. t. [In Suffolk,
Eng., to shiver, shake, tremble; also written
dodder.] To confuse or confound with
noise.
Jennings.
Dud"der, v. i. To shiver or tremble; to
dodder.
I dudder and shake like an aspen leaf.
Ford.
Dud"der, n. [From Duds.]
A peddler or hawker, especially of cheap and flashy goods
pretended to be smuggled; a duffer. [Eng.]
Dud"der*y (?), n. A place where
rags are bought and kept for sale. [Eng.]
Dude (?), n. A kind of dandy;
especially, one characterized by an ultrafashionable style of
dress and other affectations. [Recent]
The social dude who affects English dress and
English drawl.
The American.
Du*deen" (?), n. A short
tobacco pipe. [Written also
dudheen.] [Irish]
Dudg"eon (?), n. 1.
The root of the box tree, of which hafts for daggers were
made.
Gerarde (1597).
2. The haft of a dagger.
Shak.
3. A dudgeon-hafted dagger; a dagger.
Hudibras.
Dudg"eon, n. [W. dygen anger,
grudge.] Resentment; ill will; anger;
displeasure.
I drink it to thee in dudgeon and hostility.
Sir T. Scott.
Dudg"eon, a. Homely; rude; coarse.
[Obs.]
By my troth, though I am plain and dudgeon,
I would not be an ass.
Beau. & Fl.
Dud"ish (?), a. Like, or
characterized of, a dude.
Duds (?), n. pl. [Scot.
dud rag, pl. duds clothing of inferior
quality.]
1. Old or inferior clothes; tattered
garments. [Colloq.]
2. Effects, in general.[Slang]
Due (?), a. [OF.
deu, F. d\'96, p. p. of devoir
to owe, fr. L. debere. See Debt,
Habit, and cf. Duty.]
1. Owed, as a debt; that ought to be paid or done
to or for another; payable; owing and demandable.
2. Justly claimed as a right or property; proper;
suitable; becoming; appropriate; fit.
Her obedience, which is due to me.
Shak.
With dirges due, in sad array,
Slow through the churchway path we saw him borne.
Gray.
3. Such as (a thing) ought to be; fulfilling
obligation; proper; lawful; regular; appointed; sufficient;
exact; as, due process of law; due service;
in due time.
4. Appointed or required to arrive at a given time;
as, the steamer was due yesterday.
5. Owing; ascribable, as to a cause.
This effect is due to the attraction of the
sun.
J. D. Forbes.
Due, adv. Directly; exactly; as, a
due east course.
Due, n.
1. That which is owed; debt; that which one
contracts to pay, or do, to or for another; that which belongs or
may be claimed as a right; whatever custom, law, or morality
requires to be done; a fee; a toll.
He will give the devil his due.
Shak.
Yearly little dues of wheat, and wine, and oil.
Tennyson.
2. Right; just title or claim.
The key of this infernal pit by due . . . I
keep.
Milton.
Due, v. t. To endue.
[Obs.]
Shak.
Due"bill` (?), n. (Com.)
A brief written acknowledgment of a debt, not made payable
to order, like a promissory note.
Burrill.
Due"ful (?), a. Fit;
becoming. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Du"el (?), n. [It.
duello, fr. L. duellum, orig., a contest
between two, which passed into the common form bellum
war, fr. duo two: cf. F. duel. See
Bellicose, Two, and cf. Duello.]
A combat between two persons, fought with deadly weapons, by
agreement. It usually arises from an injury done or an affront
given by one to the other.
Trial by duel (Old Law), a combat
between two persons for proving a cause; trial by
battel.
<-- NOte: this is the correct spelling of "battel"! -->
Du"el, v. i. & t. To fight in single
combat. [Obs.]
Du"el*er, n. One who engages in a
duel. [R.] [Written also
dueller.]
South.
Du"el*ing, n. e act or practice of
fighting in single combat. Also adj.
[Written also duelling.]
Du"el*ist (?), n. [F.
duelliste.] One who fights in single
combat. [Written also duellist.]
A duelist . . . always values himself upon his
courage, his sense of honor, his fidelity and friendship.
Hume.
\'d8Du*e"lo (?), n. [It. See
Duel.] A duel; also, the rules of
dueling. [Obs.]
Shak.
\'d8Du*e"\'a4a (?), n.
[Sp.] See Do\'a4a.
<-- p. 460 -->
Due"ness (?), n. Quality of
being due; debt; what is due or becoming.
T. Goodwin.
Du*en"na (?), n.; pl.
Duennas (#). [Sp.
due\'a4a, do\'a4a, fr. L.
domina. See Dame.]
1. The chief lady in waiting on the queen of
Spain.
Brande.
2. An elderly lady holding a station between a
governess and companion, and appointed to have charge over the
younger ladies in a Spanish or a Portuguese family.
Brande & C.
3. Any old woman who is employed to guard a younger
one; a governess.
Arbuthnot.
Du*et" (?), n.
[Duetto.] (Mus.) A
composition for two performers, whether vocal or
instrumental.
\'d8Du`et*ti"no (?), n. [It .,
dim. fr. duetto a duet.] A duet of short
extent and concise form.
\'d8Du*et"to (?), n. [It., fr.
It & L. duo two. See Two.] See
Duet.
Duff (?), n. [From OE.
dagh. /. See Dough.]
1. Dough or paste. [Prov. Eng.]
Halliwell.
2. A stiff flour pudding, boiled in a bag; -- a
term used especially by seamen; as, plum
duff.
Duf"fel (?), n. [D.
duffel, from Duffel, a town not far from
Antwerp.] A kind of coarse woolen cloth, having a
thick nap or frieze. [Written also
duffle.]
Good duffel gray and flannel fine.
Wordsworth.
Duf"fer (?), n.
1. A peddler or hawker, especially of cheap, flashy
articles, as sham jewelry; hence, a sham or cheat.
[Slang, Eng.]
Halliwell.
2. A stupid, awkward, inefficient
person.[Slang]
Duf"fle (?), n. See
Duffel.
Du*fren"ite (?), n. [From
//ierre Armand Dufr\'82noy, a French
geologist.] (Min.) A mineral of a blackish
green color, commonly massive or in nodules. It is a hydrous
phosphate of iron.
Dug (?), n. [Akin to Sw.
d\'84gga to suckle (a child), Dan.
d\'91gge, and prob. to Goth. daddjan.
///.] A teat, pap, or nipple; -- formerly that
of a human mother, now that of a cow or other beast.
With mother's dug between its lips.
Shak.
Dug, imp. & p. p.of Dig.
Du*gong" (?), n. [Malayan
d/y/ng, or Javan. duyung.]
(Zo\'94l.) An aquatic herbivorous mammal
(Halicore dugong), of the order Sirenia, allied to the
manatee, but with a bilobed tail. It inhabits the Red Sea, Indian
Ocean, East Indies, and Australia. [Written also
duyong.]
Dug"out` (?), n.
1. A canoe or boat dug out from a large log.
[U.S.]
A man stepped from his slender dugout.
G. W. Cable.
2. A place dug out.
3. A house made partly in a hillside or slighter
elevation. [Western U.S.]
Bartlett.
Dug"way` (?), n. A way or road
dug through a hill, or sunk below the surface of the land.
[U.S.]
Duke (?) n. [F. duc,
fr. L. dux, ducis, leader, commander, fr.
ducere to lead; akin to AS. te\'a2n to
draw; cf. AS. heretoga (here army) an army
leader, general, G. herzog duke. See Tue, and
cf. Doge, Duchess, Ducat,
Duct, Adduce, Deduct.]
1. A leader; a chief; a prince.
[Obs.]
Hannibal, duke of Carthage.
Sir T. Elyot.
All were dukes once, who were \'bdduces\'b8 --
captains or leaders of their people.
Trench.
2. In England, one of the highest order of nobility
after princes and princesses of the royal blood and the four
archbishops of England and Ireland.
3. In some European countries, a sovereign prince,
without the title of king.
Duke's coronet. See Illust. of
Coronet. -- To dine with Duke Humphrey,
to go without dinner. See under Dine.
Duke, v. i. To play the duke.
[Poetic]
Lord Angelo dukes it well in his absence.
Shak.
Duke"dom (?), n.
1. The territory of a duke.
2. The title or dignity of a duke.
Shak.
Duke"ling, n. A little or insignificant
duke.
Ford.
Duke"ship, n. The quality or condition
of being a duke; also, the personality of a duke.
Massinger.
Dul`ca*ma"ra (?), n. [NL., fr.
L. dulcis sweet + amarus bitter.]
(Bot.) A plant (Solanum Dulcamara).
See Bittersweet, n., 3
(a).
Dul`ca*ma"rin (?), n.
(Chem.) A glucoside extracted from the
bittersweet (Solanum Dulcamara), as a yellow amorphous
substance. It probably occasions the compound taste. See
Bittersweet, 3(a).
Dulce (?), v. t. To make sweet;
to soothe. [Obs.]
Dulce"ness, n. Sweetness.
[Obs.]
Bacon.
Dul"cet (?), a. [OF.
doucet, dim. of dous sweet, F.
doux, L. dulcis; akin to Gr. / . Cf.
Doucet.]
1. Sweet to the taste; luscious.
[Obs.]
She tempers dulcet creams.
Milton.
2. Sweet to the ear; melodious; harmonious.
Their dainty lays and dulcet melody.
Spenser.
\'d8Dul`ci*an"a (?), n. [NL.,
fr. L. dulcis sweet.] (Mus.) A
sweet-toned stop of an organ.
Dul`ci*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf.
F. dulcification.] The act of dulcifying or
sweetening.
Boyle.
Dul"ci*fied (?), a. Sweetened;
mollified.
Dulcified spirit spirits, a compound of alcohol with mineral
acids; as, dulcified spirits of niter.
Dul*cif"lu*ous (?), a. [L.
dulcis sweet + fluere to flow.]
Flowing sweetly. [R.]
Dul"ci*fy (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dulcified
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dulcifying.] [L. dulcis
sweet + -fy: cf. F. dulcifier.]
1. (Pharm.) To sweeten; to free from
acidity, saltness, or acrimony.
Wiseman.
2. Fig. : To mollify; to sweeten; to please.
As she . . . was further dulcified by her pipe of
tobacco.
Hawthorne.
Dul*cil"o*quy (?), n. [L.
dulcis sweet + loqui to speak.]
A soft manner of speaking.
Dul"ci*mer (?), n. [It.
dolcemele,r Sp. dulcemele, fr. L.
dulcis sweet + melos song, melody, Gr. /;
cf. OF. doulcemele. See Dulcet, and
Melody.] (Mus.) (a) An
instrument, having stretched metallic wires which are beaten with
two light hammers held in the hands of the performer.
(b) An ancient musical instrument in use among the
Jews. Dan. iii. 5. It is supposed to be the same with
the psaltery.
Dul*cin"e*a (?), n. [Sp., from
Dulcinea del Toboso the mistress of the affections of
Don Quixote.] A mistress; a sweetheart.
I must ever have some Dulcinea in my head.
Sterne.
Dul"ci*ness (?), n. See
Dulceness. [Obs.]
Dul"cite (?), n. [Cf. F.
dulcite, fr. L. dulcis sweet.]
(Chem.) A white, sugarlike substance,
C6H8.(OH)2, occurring naturally in a manna from
Madagascar, and in certain plants, and produced artificially by
the reduction of galactose and lactose or milk sugar.
\'d8Dul*ci"no (?), n.
(Mus.) See Dolcino.
Dul"ci*tude (?), n. [L.
dulcitudo, fr. dulcis sweet.
Sweetness. [R.]
Cockeram.
Dul"co*rate (?), v. t. [L.
dulcoratus, p. p. of dulcorare, fr.
dulcor sweetness, fr. dulcis sweet.]
To sweeten; to make less acrimonious.
[R.]
Bacon.
Dul`co*ra"tion (?), n. [LL.
dulcoratio.] The act of sweetening.
[R.]
Bacon.
Du"ledge (?), n. (Mil.)
One of the dowels joining the ends of the fellies which form
the circle of the wheel of a gun carriage.
Wilhelm.
\'d8Du*li"a (?), n. [LL., fr.
Gr. / servitude, fr. / slave.] (R. C. Ch.)
An inferior kind of veneration or worship, given to the
angels and saints as the servants of God.
Dull (?), a.
[Compar. Duller (?);
superl. Dullest.] [AS.
dol foolish; akin to gedwelan to err, D.
dol mad, dwalen to wander, err, G.
toll mad, Goth. dwals foolish, stupid, cf.
Gr. / turbid, troubled, Skr. dhvr to cause to fall.
Cf. Dolt, Dwale, Dwell,
Fraud.]
1. Slow of understanding; wanting readiness of
apprehension; stupid; doltish; blockish.
\'bdDull at classical learning.\'b8
Thackeray.
She is not bred so dull but she can learn.
Shak.
2. Slow in action; sluggish; unready;
awkward.
This people's heart is waxed gross, and their ears are
dull of hearing.
Matt. xiii. 15.
O, help my weak wit and sharpen my dull tongue.
Spenser.
3. Insensible; unfeeling.
Think me not
So dull a devil to forget the loss
Of such a matchless wife.
Beau. & Fl.
4. Not keen in edge or point; lacking sharpness;
blunt. \'bdThy scythe is dull.\'b8
Herbert.
5. Not bright or clear to the eye; wanting in
liveliness of color or luster; not vivid; obscure; dim; as, a
dull fire or lamp; a dull red or yellow; a
dull mirror.
6. Heavy; gross; cloggy; insensible; spiritless;
lifeless; inert. \'bdThe dull earth.\'b8
Shak.
As turning the logs will make a dull fire burn, so
changes of study a dull brain.
Longfellow.
7. Furnishing little delight, spirit, or variety;
uninteresting; tedious; cheerless; gloomy; melancholy;
depressing; as, a dull story or sermon; a
dull occupation or period; hence, cloudy; overcast;
as, a dull day.
Along life's dullest, dreariest walk.
Keble.
Syn. -- Lifeless; inanimate; dead; stupid; doltish; heavy;
sluggish; sleepy; drowsy; gross; cheerless; tedious; irksome;
dismal; dreary; clouded; tarnished; obtuse. See
Lifeless.
Dull, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Duller (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dulling.] 1. To deprive of
sharpness of edge or point. \'bdThis . . .
dulled their swords.\'b8
Bacon.
Borrowing dulls the edge of husbandry.
Shak.
2. To make dull, stupid, or sluggish; to stupefy,
as the senses, the feelings, the perceptions, and the like.
Those [drugs] she has
Will stupefy and dull the sense a while.
Shak.
Use and custom have so dulled our eyes.
Trench.
3. To render dim or obscure; to sully; to
tarnish. \'bdDulls the mirror.\'b8
Bacon.
4. To deprive of liveliness or activity; to render
heavy; to make inert; to depress; to weary; to sadden.
Attention of mind . . . wasted or dulled through
continuance.
Hooker.
Dull, v. i. To become dull or
stupid.
Rom. of R.
Dull"ard (?), n.
[Dull + -ard.] A stupid
person; a dunce. Shak. -- a.
Stupid.
Bp. Hall.
Dull"-brained` (?), a. Stupid;
doltish.
Shak.
Dull"-browed` (?), a. Having a
gloomy look.
Dull"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, dulls.
Dull"-eyed` (?), a. Having eyes
wanting brightness, liveliness, or vivacity.
Shak.
Dull"head` (?), n. A blockhead;
a dolt.
Ascham.
Dull"ish, a. Somewhat dull;
uninteresting; tiresome. \'bdA series of dullish
verses.\'b8
Prof. Wilson.
Dull"ness, n. The state of being dull;
slowness; stupidity; heaviness; drowsiness; bluntness;
obtuseness; dimness; want of luster; want of vividness, or of
brightness. [Written also
dulness.]
And gentle dullness ever loves a joke.
Pope.
Dull"-sight`ed (?), a. Having
poor eyesight.
Dull"some (?), a. Dull.
[R.]
Gataker.
Dull"-wit`ted (?), a.
Stupid.
Dul"ly (?), adv. In a dull
manner; stupidly; slowly; sluggishly; without life or
spirit.
Supinely calm and dully innocent.
G. Lyttelton.
Du*loc"ra*cy (?), n. See
Doulocracy.
Dulse (?), n. [Cf. Gael.
duileasg; duille leaf + uisge
water. Cf. Whisky.] (Bot.) A
seaweed of a reddish brown color, which is sometimes eaten, as in
Scotland. The true dulse is Sarcophyllis edulis; the
common is Rhodymenia. [Written also
dillisk.]
The crimson leaf of the dulse is seen
To blush like a banner bathed in slaughter.
Percival.
Dul"wil*ly (?), n. [Prob.
imitative.] (Zo\'94l.) The ring
plover. [Prov. Eng.]
Du"ly (?), adv. In a due, fit,
or becoming manner; as it (anything) ought to be; properly;
regularly.
Du"mal (?), a. [L.
dumus bramble.] Pertaining to, or set with,
briers or bushes; brambly. [R.]
Dumb (?), a. [AS.
dumb; akin to D. dom stupid, dumb, Sw.
dumb, Goth. dumbs; cf. Gr. / blind. See
Deaf, and cf. Dummy.]
1. Destitute of the power of speech; unable; to
utter articulate sounds; as, the dumb
brutes.
To unloose the very tongues even of dumb
creatures.
Hooker.
2. Not willing to speak; mute; silent; not
speaking; not accompanied by words; as, dumb
show.
This spirit, dumb to us, will speak to him.
Shak.
To pierce into the dumb past.
J. C. Shairp.
3. Lacking brightness or clearness, as a
color. [R.]
Her stern was painted of a dumb white or dun
color.
De Foe.
Deaf and dumb. See Deaf-mute. --
Dumb ague, Dumb chill,
a form of intermittent fever which has no well-defined
\'bdchill.\'b8 [U.S.] -- Dumb
animal, any animal except man; -- usually restricted to
a domestic quadruped; -- so called in contradistinction to man,
who is a \'bdspeaking animal.\'b8 -- Dumb cake,
a cake made in silence by girls on St. Mark's eve, with
certain mystic ceremonies, to discover their future husbands.
Halliwell. -- Dumb cane
(Bot.), a west Indian plant of the Arum family
(Dieffenbachia seguina), which, when chewed, causes
the tongue to swell, and destroys temporarily the power of
speech. -- Dumb crambo. See under
crambo. -- Dumb show. (a)
Formerly, a part of a dramatic representation, shown in
pantomime. \'bdInexplicable dumb shows and noise.\'b8
Shak. (b) Signs and gestures without
words; as, to tell a story in dumb show. --
To strike dumb, to confound; to astonish; to
render silent by astonishment; or, it may be, to deprive of the
power of speech.
Syn. -- Silent; speechless; noiseless. See
Mute.
Dumb, v. t. To put to silence.
[Obs.]
Shak.
Dumb"-bell` (?), n. A weight,
consisting of two spheres or spheroids, connected by a short bar
for a handle; used (often in pairs) for gymnastic exercise.
Dum"ble*dor` (?), n. [The first
part is prob. of imitative origin. See Dor a
beetle.] (Zo\'94l.) A bumblebee; also, a
cockchafer. [Prov. Eng.]
Dumb"ly (?), adv. In silence;
mutely.
Dumb"ness, n. The quality or state of
being dumb; muteness; silence; inability to speak.
Dumb"-wait`er (?), n. A
framework on which dishes, food, etc., are passed from one room
or story of a house to another; a lift for dishes, etc.; also, a
piece of furniture with movable or revolving shelves.
Du"me*tose` (?), a. [From L.
dumetum a thicket.] (Bot.)
Dumose.
Dum"found` (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dumfounded; p.
pr. & vb. n. Dumfounding.] To
strike dumb; to confuse with astonishment. [Written
also dumbfound.]
Spectator.
Dum"found`er (?), v. t. To
dumfound; to confound. [Written also
dumbfounder.]
Dum"ma*dor` (?), n. A
dumbledor.
Dum"mer*er (?), n. One who
feigns dumbness. [Obs.]
Burton.
Dum"my (?), a. [See
Dumb.]
1. Silent; mute; noiseless; as a dummy
engine.
2. Fictitious or sham; feigned; as, a
dummy watch.
Dummy car. See under Car.
Dum"my, n.; pl. Dummies
(/).
1. One who is dumb.
H. Smith.
2. A sham package in a shop, or one which does not
contain what its exterior indicates.
3. An imitation or copy of something, to be used as
a substitute; a model; a lay figure; as, a figure on which
clothing is exhibited in shop windows; a blank paper copy used to
show the size of the future book, etc.
4. (Drama) One who plays a merely
nominal part in any action; a sham character.
5. A thick-witted person; a dolt.
[Colloq.]
6. (Railroad) A locomotive with
condensing engines, and, hence, without the noise of escaping
steam; also, a dummy car.
7. (Card Playing) The fourth or exposed
hand when three persons play at a four-handed game of
cards.
8. A floating barge connected with a pier.
Knight.
To play dummy, to play the exposed or dummy
hand in cards. The partner of the dummy plays it.
{ Du`mose" (?), Du"mous
(?), } a. [L. dumosus,
fr. dumus a thornbush, a bramble.]
1. Abounding with bushes and briers.
2. (Bot.) Having a compact, bushy
form.
Dump (?), n. [See
Dumpling.] A thick, ill-shapen piece; a
clumsy leaden counter used by boys in playing chuck
farthing. [Eng.]
Smart.
Dump, n. [Cf. dial. Sw.
dumpin melancholy, Dan.dump dull, low, D.
dompig damp, G. dumpf damp, dull, gloomy,
and E. damp, or rather perh. dump, v. t.
Cf. Damp, or Dump, v. t.]
1. A dull, gloomy state of the mind; sadness;
melancholy; low spirits; despondency; ill humor; -- now used only
in the plural.
March slowly on in solemn dump.
Hudibras.
Doleful dumps the mind oppress.
Shak.
I was musing in the midst of my dumps.
Bunyan.
<-- p. 461 -->
dumps'
after the battle of Cann\'91.\'b8
Trench.
2. Absence of mind; revery.
Locke.
3. A melancholy strain or tune in music; any
tune. [Obs.] \'bdTune a deploring
dump.\'b8 \'bdPlay me some merry dump.\'b8
Shak.
4. An old kind of dance. [Obs.]
Nares.
Dump (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dumped (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Dumping.]
[OE. dumpen to throw down, fall down, cf. Icel.
dumpa to thump, Dan. dumpe to fall
suddenly, rush, dial. Sw. dimpa to fall down plump.
Cf. Dump sadness.]
1. To knock heavily; to stump. [Prov.
Eng.]
Halliwell.
2. To put or throw down with more or less of
violence; hence, to unload from a cart by tilting it; as, to
dump sand, coal, etc. [U.S.]
Bartlett.
Dumping car cart,
a railway car, or a cart, the body of which can be tilted to
empty the contents; -- called also dump car,
or dump cart.
Dump, n.
1. A car or boat for dumping refuse, etc.
2. A ground or place for dumping ashes, refuse,
etc.
3. That which is dumped.
4. (Mining) A pile of ore or rock.
Dump"age (?), n.
1. The act of dumping loads from carts, especially
loads of refuse matter; also, a heap of dumped matter.
2. A fee paid for the privilege of dumping
loads.
Dump"i*ness (?), n. The state
of being dumpy.
Dump"ish, a. Dull; stupid; sad; moping;
melancholy. \'bd A . . . dumpish and sour
life.\'b8
Lord Herbert.
-- Dump"ish*ly, adv. --
Dump"ish*ness, n.
Dum"ple (?), v. t. [See
Dumpling.] To make dumpy; to fold, or bend,
as one part over another. [R.]
He was a little man, dumpled up together.
Sir W. Scott.
Dump"ling (?), n. [Dimin. of
dump an illshapen piece; cf. D. dompelen
to plunge, dip, duck, Scot. to dump in to plunge into,
and E. dump, v. t.] A roundish mass of
dough boiled in soup, or as a sort of pudding; often, a cover of
paste inclosing an apple or other fruit, and boiled or baked;
as, an apple dumpling.
Dump"y (?), a.
[Compar. Dumpier (?);
superl. Dumpiest.]
[1. From Dump a short ill-shapen piece.
2. From Dump sadness.]
1. Short and thick; of low stature and
disproportionately stout.
2. Sullen or discontented. [Prov.
Eng.]
Halliwell.
Dun (?), n. [See
Dune.] A mound or small hill.
Dun, v. t. To cure, as codfish, in a
particular manner, by laying them, after salting, in a pile in a
dark place, covered with salt grass or some like substance.
Dun (?), v. t. & i.
[imp. & p. p. Dunned (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Dunning
(?).] [AS. dyne noise,
dynian to make a noise, or fr. Icel. dynr,
duna, noise, thunder, duna to thunder; the
same word as E. din. ///. See
Din.] To ask or beset, as a debtor, for
payment; to urge importunately.
Hath she sent so soon to dun?
Swift.
Dun, n. 1. One who duns; a
dunner.
To be pulled by the sleeve by some rascally
dun.
Arbuthnot.
2. An urgent request or demand of payment; as,
he sent his debtor a dun.
Dun, a. [AS. dunn. of Celtic
origin; cf. W. dwn, Ir. & Gael.
donn.] Of a dark color; of a color
partaking of a brown and black; of a dull brown color;
swarthy.
Summer's dun cloud comes thundering up.
Pierpont.
Chill and dun
Falls on the moor the brief November day.
Keble.
Dun crow (Zo\'94l.), the hooded
crow; -- so called from its color; -- also called
hoody, and hoddy. -- Dun
diver (Zo\'94l.), the goosander or
merganser.
Dun"bird` (?), n. [Named from
its color.] (Zo\'94l.) (a) The
pochard; -- called also dunair, and
dunker, or dun-curre.
(b) An American duck; the ruddy duck.
Dunce (?), n. [From Joannes
Duns Scotus, a schoolman called the Subtle
Doctor, who died in 1308. Originally in the phrase \'bda
Duns man\'b8. See Note below.] One backward in book
learning; a child or other person dull or weak in intellect; a
dullard; a dolt.
I never knew this town without dunces of
figure.
Swift.
Dunsmen or Duncemen. In
the revival of learning they were violently opposed to classical
studies; hence, the name of Dunce was applied with scorn and
contempt to an opposer of learning, or to one slow at learning, a
dullard.
Dunce"dom (?), n. The realm or
domain of dunces. [Jocose]
Carlyle.
Dun"cer*y (?), n. Dullness;
stupidity.
Dun"ci*cal (?), a. Like a
dunce; duncish.
The most dull and duncical commissioner.
Fuller.
Dun"ci*fy (?), v. t.
[Dunce + -fy.] To make
stupid in intellect. [R.]
Bp. Warburton.
Dun"cish (?), a. Somewhat like
a dunce. [R.]
-- Dun"cish*ness, n.
[R.]
Dun"der (?), n. [Cf. Sp.
redundar to overflow.] The lees or dregs of
cane juice, used in the distillation of rum. [West
Indies]
The use of dunder in the making of rum answers the
purpose of yeast in the fermentation of flour.
B. Edwards.
Dun"der*head` (?), n. [Prov.
Eng. also dunderpoll, from dunder, same as
thunder.] A dunce; a numskull; a
blockhead.
Beau. & Fl.
Dun"der-head`ed, a. Thick-headed;
stupid.
Dun"der*pate` (?), n. See
Dunderhead.
Dune (?), n. [The same word as
down: cf. D. duin. See Down a bank
of sand.] A low hill of drifting sand usually formed
on the coats, but often carried far inland by the prevailing
winds. [Written also dun.]
Three great rivers, the Rhine, the Meuse, and the Scheldt, had
deposited their slime for ages among the dunes or sand
banks heaved up by the ocean around their mouths.
Motley.
Dun"fish (?), n. Codfish cured
in a particular manner, so as to be of a superior quality.
Dung (?), n. [AS.
dung; akin to G. dung,
d\'81nger, OHG. tunga, Sw.
dynga; cf. Icel. dyngja heap, Dan.
dynge, MHG. tunc underground dwelling
place, orig., covered with dung. Cf. Dingy.]
The excrement of an animal.
Bacon.
Dung, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dunged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Dunging.]
1. To manure with dung.
Dryden.
2. (Calico Print.) To immerse or steep,
as calico, in a bath of hot water containing cow dung; -- done to
remove the superfluous mordant.
Dung, v. i. To void excrement.
Swift.
Dun`ga*ree" (?), n. A coarse
kind of unbleached cotton stuff. [Written also
dungari.] [India]
Dun"geon (?), n. [OE.
donjoun highest tower of a castle, tower, prison, F.
donjon tower or platform in the midst of a castle,
turret, or closet on the top of a house, a keep of a castle, LL.
domnio, the same word as LL. dominus lord.
See Dame, Don, and cf. Dominion,
Domain, Demesne, Danger,
Donjon.] A close, dark prison, common/,
under ground, as if the lower apartments of the donjon
or keep of a castle, these being used as prisons.
Down with him even into the deep dungeon.
Tyndale.
Year after year he lay patiently in a dungeon.
Macaulay.
Dun"geon, v. t. To shut up in a
dungeon.
Bp. Hall.
Dung"fork` (?), n. A fork for
tossing dung.
Dung"hill` (?), n.
1. A heap of dung.
2. Any mean situation or condition; a vile
abode.
He . . . lifteth up the beggar from the
dunghill.
1. Sam. ii. 8.
Dunghill fowl, a domestic fowl of common
breed.
Dung"meer` (?), n.
[Dung + (prob.) meer a pool.]
A pit where dung and weeds rot for manure.
Dung"y (?), a. Full of dung;
filthy; vile; low.
Shak.
Dung"yard` (?), n. A yard where
dung is collected.
Dun"ker (?), n. [G.
tunken to dip.] One of a religious
denomination whose tenets and practices are mainly those of the
Baptists, but partly those of the Quakers; -- called also
Tunkers, Dunkards,
Dippers, and, by themselves,
Brethren, and German
Baptists.
Seventh-day Dunkers, a sect which separated
from the Dunkers and formed a community, in 1728. They keep the
seventh day or Saturday as the Sabbath.
Dun"lin (?), n. [Prob. of
Celtic origin; cf. Gael. dun hill (E.
dune), and linne pool, pond, lake, E.
lin.] (Zo\'94l.) A species of
sandpiper (Tringa alpina); -- called also
churr, dorbie,
grass bird, and red-backed
sandpiper. It is found both in Europe and
America.
Dun"nage (?), n. [Cf.
Dun a mound.] (Naut.) Fagots,
boughs, or loose materials of any kind, laid on the bottom of the
hold for the cargo to rest upon to prevent injury by water, or
stowed among casks and other cargo to prevent their motion.
Dun"ner (?), n. [From
Dun to ask payment from.] One employed in
soliciting the payment of debts.
Dun"nish (?), a. Inclined to a
dun color.
Ray.
Dun"nock (?), n. [Cf.
Dun,a.] (Zo\'94l.) The
hedge sparrow or hedge accentor. [Local, Eng.]
Dun"ny (?), a. Deaf;
stupid.[Prov. Eng.]
My old dame Joan is something dunny, and will
scarce know how to manage.
Sir W. Scott.
Dunt (?), n.
[Dint.] A blow.
[Obs.]
R. of Glouc.
Dunt"ed, a. Beaten; hence,
blunted. [Obs.]
Fencer's swords . . . having the edge dunted.
Fuller.
Dun"ter (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) A porpoise.
[Scott.]
Dunter goose (Zo\'94l.) the eider
duck.
J. Brand.
Du"o (?), n. [It.
duo, fr. L. duo two. See
Duet.] (Mus.) A composition for
two performers; a duet.
Du`o*dec`a*he"dral (?), a.,
Du`o*dec`a*he"dron (/), n.
See Dodecahedral, and Dodecahedron.
Du`o*de*cen"ni*al (?), a. [L.
duodecennis; duodecim twelve +
annus year.] Consisting of twelve
years. [R.]
Ash.
Du`o*dec"i*mal (?), a. [L.
duodecim twelve. See Dozen.]
Proceeding in computation by twelves; expressed in the scale
of twelves. -- Du`o*dec"i*mal*ly,
adv.
Du`o*dec"i*mal, n.
1. A twelfth part; as, the duodecimals
of an inch.
2. pl. (Arch.) A system of
numbers, whose denominations rise in a scale of twelves, as of
feet and inches. The system is used chiefly by artificers in
computing the superficial and solid contents of their work.
Du`o*dec"im*fid (?), a. [L.
duodecim twelve + findere to cleave.]
Divided into twelve parts.
Du`o*dec"i*mo (?), a. [L.
in duodecimo in twelfth, fr. duodecimus
twelfth, fr. duodecim twelve. See
Dozen.] Having twelve leaves to a sheet;
as, a duodecimo from, book, leaf, size,
etc.
Du*o*dec"i*mo, n.; pl.
Duodecimos (/). A book
consisting of sheets each of which is folded into twelve leaves;
hence, indicating, more or less definitely, a size of a book; --
usually written 12mo or 12
Du`o*dec"u*ple (?), a. [L.
duo two + / decuple.]
Consisting of twelves.
Arbuthnot.
Du`o*de"nal (?), a. [Cf. F.
duod\'82nal.] Of or pertaining to the
duodenum; as, duodenal digestion.
Du`o*den"a*ry (?), a. [L.
duodenarius, fr. duodeni twelve each: cf.
F. duod\'82naire.] Containing twelve;
twelvefold; increasing by twelves; duodecimal.
\'d8Du`o*de"num (?), n. [NL.,
fr. duodeni twelve each: cf. F. duodenum.
So called because its length is about twelve fingers'
breadth.] (Anat.) The part of the small
intestines between the stomach and the jejunum. See
Illust. of Digestive apparatus, under
Digestive.
Du`o*lit"er*al (?), a. [L.
duo two + E. literal.]
Consisting of two letters only; biliteral.
Stuart.
\'d8Duo"mo (?), n. [It. See
Done.] A cathedral. See Dome,
2.
Of tower or duomo, sunny sweet.
Tennyson.
Dup (?), v. t. [Contr. fr.
do up, that is, to lift up the latch. Cf.
Don, Doff.] To open; as, to
dup the door. [Obs.]
Shak.
Dup"a*ble (?), a. Capable of
being duped.
Dupe (?), n. [F., prob. from
Prov. F. dupe, dube; of unknown origin;
equiv. to F. huppe hoopoe, a foolish bird, easily
caught. Cf. Armor. houp\'82rik hoopoe, a man easily
deceived. Cf. also Gull, Booby.] One
who has been deceived or who is easily deceived; a gull; as,
the dupe of a schemer.
Dupe, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Duped (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Duping.] [Cf. F. duper, fr.
dupe. See Dupe, n.] To
deceive; to trick; to mislead by imposing on one's credulity; to
gull; as, dupe one by flattery.
Ne'er have I duped him with base counterfeits.
Coleridge.
Dup"er (?), n. One who dupes
another.
Dup"er*y (?), n. [F.
duperie, fr. duper.] The act or
practice of duping. [R.]
Du"pi*on (?), n. [F.
doupion, It. doppione, fr.
doppio double, L. duplus. See
Double, and cf. Doubloon.] A double
cocoon, made by two silkworms.
Du"ple (?), a. [L.
duplus. See Double.] Double.
Duple ratio (Math.), that in which
the antecedent term is double the consequent, as of 2 to 1, 8 to
4, etc.
\'d8Du"plex (?), a. [L., fr.
duo two + plicare to fold. See
Two, and Complex.] Double;
twofold.
Duplex escapement, a peculiar kind of watch
escapement, in which the scape-wheel has two sets of teeth. See
Escapement. -- Duplex lathe, one for
turning off, screwing, and surfacing, by means of two cutting
tools, on opposite sides of the piece operated upon. --
Duplex pumping engine, a steam pump in which two
steam cylinders are placed side by side, one operating the valves
of the other. -- Duplex querela [L., double
complaint] (Eccl. Law), a complaint in the
nature of an appeal from the ordinary to his immediate superior,
as from a bishop to an archbishop. Mozley & W. --
Duplex telegraphy, a system of telegraphy for
sending two messages over the same wire simultaneously. --
Duplex watch, one with a duplex
escapement.
Du"pli*cate (?), a. [L.
duplicatus, p. p. of duplicare to double,
fr. duplex double, twofold. See
Duplex.] Double; twofold.
Duplicate proportion ratio (Math.), the proportion or
ratio of squares. Thus, in geometrical proportion, the first term
to the third is said to be in a duplicate ratio of the
first to the second, or as its square is to the square of the
second. Thus, in 2, 4, 8, 16, the ratio of 2 to 8 is a
duplicate of that of 2 to 4, or as the square of 2 is
to the square of 4.
Du"pli*cate, n.
1. That which exactly resembles or corresponds to
something else; another, correspondent to the first; hence, a
copy; a transcript; a counterpart.
I send a duplicate both of it and my last
dispatch.
Sir W. Temple.
2. (Law) An original instrument
repeated; a document which is the same as another in all
essential particulars, and differing from a mere copy in having
all the validity of an original.
Burrill.
Du"pli*cate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Duplicated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Duplicating.]
1. To double; to fold; to render double.
2. To make a duplicate of (something); to make a
copy or transcript of.
Glanvill.
3. (Biol.) To divide into two by natural
growth or spontaneous action; as, infusoria
duplicate themselves.
Du`pli*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
duplicatio: cf. F. duplication.]
1. The act of duplicating, or the state of being
duplicated; a doubling; a folding over; a fold.
2. (Biol.) The act or process of
dividing by natural growth or spontaneous action; as, the
duplication of cartilage cells.
Carpenter.
Duplication of the cube (Math.),
the operation of finding a cube having a volume which is
double that of a given cube.
Du"pli*ca*tive (?), a.
1. Having the quality of duplicating or
doubling.
2. (Biol.) Having the quality of
subdividing into two by natural growth.
\'bdDuplicative subdivision.\'b8
Carpenter.
Du"pli*ca*ture (?), n. [Cf. F.
duplicature.] A doubling; a fold, as of a
membrane.
Du*plic"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Duplicities (#). [F.
duplicit\'82, L. duplicitas, fr.
duplex double. See Duplex.]
1. Doubleness; a twofold state.
[Archaic]
Do not affect duplicities nor triplicities, nor any
certain number of parts in your division of things.
I. Watts.
2. Doubleness of heart or speech; insincerity; a
sustained form of deception which consists in entertaining or
pretending to entertain one of feelings, and acting as if
influenced by another; bad faith.
Far from the duplicity wickedly charged on him, he
acted his part with alacrity and resolution.
Burke.
<-- p. 462 -->
3. (Law) (a) The use of two or
more distinct allegations or answers, where one is
sufficient. Blackstone. (b) In
indictments, the union of two incompatible offenses.
Wharton.
Syn. -- Double dealing; dissimulation; deceit; guile;
deception; falsehood.
Dup"per (?), n. See 2d
Dubber.
\'d8Dur (?), a. [G., fr. L.
durus hard, firm, vigorous.] (Mus.)
Major; in the major mode; as, C dur, that is, C
major.
\'d8Du"ra (?), n. Short form
for Dura mater.
Du`ra*bil"i*ty, n. [L.
durabilitas.] The state or quality of being
durable; the power of uninterrupted or long continuance in any
condition; the power of resisting agents or influences which tend
to cause changes, decay, or dissolution; lastingness.
A Gothic cathedral raises ideas of grandeur in our minds by
the size, its height, . . . its antiquity, and its
durability.
Blair.
Du"ra*ble (?), a. [L.
durabilis, fr. durare to last: cf. F.
durable. See Dure.] Able to endure
or continue in a particular condition; lasting; not perishable or
changeable; not wearing out or decaying soon; enduring; as,
durable cloth; durable happiness.
Riches and honor are with me; yea, durable riches
and righteousness.
Prov. viii. 18.
An interest which from its object and grounds must be so
durable.
De Quincey.
Syn. -- Lasting; permanent; enduring; firm; stable;
continuing; constant; persistent. See Lasting.
Du"ra*ble*ness, n. Power of lasting,
enduring, or resisting; durability.
The durableness of the metal that supports it.
Addison.
Du"ra*bly, adv. In a lasting manner;
with long continuance.
Du"ral (?), a. (Anat.)
Pertaining to the dura, or dura mater.
\'d8Du"ra ma"ter (?). [L., lit., hard
mother. The membrane was called mater, or mother,
because it was formerly thought to give rise to every membrane of
the body.] (Anat.) The tough, fibrous
membrane, which lines the cavity of the skull and spinal column,
and surrounds the brain and spinal cord; -- frequently
abbreviated to dura.
\'d8Du*ra"men (?), n. [L.,
hardness, a hardened, i. e., ligneous, vine branch, fr.
durare to harden. See Dure.]
(Bot.) The heartwood of an exogenous tree.
Dur"ance (?), n. [OF.
durance duration, fr. L. durans,
-antis, p. pr. durare to endure, last. See
Dure, and cf. Durant.]
1. Continuance; duration. See
Endurance. [Archaic]
Of how short durance was this new-made state!
Dryden.
2. Imprisonment; restraint of the person; custody
by a jailer; duress. Shak.
\'bdDurance vile.\'b8
Burns.
In durance, exile, Bedlam or the mint.
Pope.
3. (a) A stout cloth stuff, formerly made
in imitation of buff leather and used for garments; a sort of
tammy or everlasting.
Where didst thou buy this buff? let me not live but I will
give thee a good suit of durance.
J. Webster.
(b) In modern manufacture, a worsted of one color
used for window blinds and similar purposes.
Dur"an*cy (?), n.
Duration. [Obs.]
Dr. H. More.
Dur"ant (?), n. [F.
durant, p. pr. of durer to last. Cf.
Durance.] See Durance, 3.
\'d8Du*ran"te (?), prep. [L.,
abl. case of the p. pr. of durare to last.]
(Law) During; as, durante vita,
during life; durante bene placito, during
pleasure.
Du*ra"tion (?), n. [OF.
duration. See Dure.] The state or
quality of lasting; continuance in time; the portion of time
during which anything exists.
It was proposed that the duration of Parliament
should be limited.
Macaulay.
Soon shall have passed our own human duration.
D. Webster.
Dur"a*tive (?), a. Continuing;
not completed; implying duration.
Its durative tense, which expresses the thought of
it as going on.
J. Byrne.
Dur"bar (?), n. [Hind.
darb\'ber, fr. Per dar/\'ber house,
court, hall of audience; dar door, gate +
b\'ber court, assembly.] An audience hall;
the court of a native prince; a state levee; a formal reception
of native princes, given by the governor general of India.
[India] [Written also
darbar.]
Dure (?), a. [L.
durus; akin to Ir. & Gael. dur /,
stubborn, W. dir certain, sure, cf. Gr. /
force.] Hard; harsh; severe; rough; toilsome.
[R.]
The winter is severe, and life is dure and
rude.
W. H. Russell.
Dure, v. i. [F. durer, L.
durare to harden, be hardened, to endure, last, fr.
durus hard. See Dure, a.]
To last; to continue; to endure. [Obs.]
Sir W. Raleigh.
Yet hath he not root in himself, but dureth for a
while.
Matt. xiii. 21.
Dure"ful (?), a. Lasting.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
Dure"less, a. Not lasting.
[Obs.]
Sir W. Raleigh.
Du"rene (?), n. [L.
durus hard; -- so called because solid at ordinary
temperatures.] (Chem.) A colorless,
crystalline, aromatic hydrocarbon, C6H2(CH3)4,
off artificial production, with an odor like camphor.
Du"ress (?), n. [OF.
duresse, du/, hardship, severity, L.
duritia, durities, fr. durus
hard. See Dure.]
1. Hardship; constraint; pressure; imprisonment;
restraint of liberty.
The agreements . . . made with the landlords during the time
of slavery, are only the effect of duress and
force.
Burke.
2. (Law) The state of compulsion or
necessity in which a person is influenced, whether by the
unlawful restrain of his liberty or by actual or threatened
physical violence, to incur a civil liability or to commit an
offense.
Du*ress" (?), v. t. To subject
to duress. \'bdThe party duressed.\'b8
Bacon.
Du*ress"or (?), n. (Law)
One who subjects another to duress
Bacon.
\'d8Dur"ga (?), n.
(Myth.) Same as Doorga.
Dur"ham (?), n. One or a breed
of short-horned cattle, originating in the county of Durham,
England. The Durham cattle are noted for their beef-producing
quality.
{ Du"ri*an (?), Du"ri*on
(?) }, n. (Bot.) The
fruit of the durio. It is oval or globular, and eight or ten
inches long. It has a hard prickly rind, containing a soft,
cream-colored pulp, of a most delicious flavor and a very
offensive odor. The seeds are roasted and eaten like
chestnuts.
Dur"ing (?), prep. [Orig., p.
pr. of dure.] In the time of; as long as
the action or existence of; as, during life;
during the space of a year.
\'d8Du"ri*o (?), n. [NL., fr.
Malay d/ri thorn.] (Bot.) A
fruit tree (D. zibethinus, the only species known) of
the Indian Archipelago. It bears the durian.
Du"ri*ty (?), n. [L.
duritas, fr. durus hard.]
[Obs.]
1. Hardness; firmness.
Sir T. Browne.
2. Harshness; cruelty.
Cockeram.
Du*rom"e*ter (?), n. [L.
durus hard + -meter.] An
instrument for measuring the degree of hardness; especially, an
instrument for testing the relative hardness of steel rails and
the like.
Du"rous (?), a. [L.
durus.] Hard. [Obs. &
R.]
Dur"ra (?), n. [Ar.
dhorra.] (Bot.) A kind of
millet, cultivated throughout Asia, and introduced into the south
of Europe; a variety of Sorghum vulgare; -- called
also Indian millet, and Guinea
corn. [Written also dhoorra,
dhurra, doura, etc.]
Durst (?), imp. of
Dare. See Dare, v. i.
\'d8Du`ru*ku"li (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) A small, nocturnal, South American
monkey (Nyctipthecus trivirgatus).
[Written also douroucouli.]
Du*ryl"ic (?), a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, allied to, or derived from, durene; as,
durylic acid.
Duse (?), n. A demon or spirit.
See Deuce.
Dusk (?), a. [OE.
dusc, dosc, deosc; cf. dial. Sw.
duska to drizzle, dusk a slight shower.
///.] Tending to darkness or blackness;
moderately dark or black; dusky.
A pathless desert, dusk with horrid shades.
Milton.
Dusk, n.
1. Imperfect obscurity; a middle degree between
light and darkness; twilight; as, the dusk of the
evening.
2. A darkish color.
Whose duck set off the whiteness of the skin.
Dryden.
Dusk, v. t. To make dusk.
[Archaic]
After the sun is up, that shadow which dusketh the
light of the moon must needs be under the earth.
Holland.
Dusk, v. i. To grow dusk.
[R.]
Chaucer.
Dusk"en (?), v. t. To make dusk
or obscure. [R.]
Not utterly defaced, but only duskened.
Nicolls.
Dusk"i*ly (?), adv. In a dusky
manner.
Byron.
Dusk"i*ness, n. The state of being
dusky.
Dusk"ish, a. Somewhat dusky. \'bd
Duskish smoke.\'b8 Spenser. --
Dusk"ish*ly, adv. --
Dusk"ish*ness, n.
Dusk"ness, n. Duskiness.
[R.]
Sir T. Elyot.
Dusk"y (?), a.
1. Partially dark or obscure; not luminous; dusk;
as, a dusky valley.
Through dusky lane and wrangling mart.
Keble.
2. Tending to blackness in color; partially black;
dark-colored; not bright; as, a dusky
brown.
Bacon.
When Jove in dusky clouds involves the sky.
Dryden.
The figure of that first ancestor invested by family tradition
with a dim and dusky grandeur.
Hawthorne.
3. Gloomy; sad; melancholy.
This dusky scene of horror, this melancholy
prospect.
Bentley.
4. Intellectually clouded.
Though dusky wits dare scorn astrology.
Sir P. Sidney.
Dust (?), n. [AS.
dust; cf. LG. dust, D. duist
meal dust, OD. doest, donst, and G.
dunst vapor, OHG. tunist,
dunist, a blowing, wind, Icel. dust dust,
Dan. dyst mill dust; perh. akin to L. fumus
smoke, E. fume. /.]
1. Fine, dry particles of earth or other matter, so
comminuted that they may be raised and wafted by the wind; that
which is crumbled too minute portions; fine powder; as,
clouds of dust; bone dust.
Dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou
return.
Gen. iii. 19.
Stop! -- for thy tread is on an empire's dust.
Byron.
2. A single particle of earth or other
matter. [R.] \'bdTo touch a dust of
England's ground.\'b8
Shak.
3. The earth, as the resting place of the
dead.
For now shall sleep in the dust.
Job vii. 21.
4. The earthy remains of bodies once alive; the
remains of the human body.
And you may carve a shrine about my dust.
Tennyson.
5. Figuratively, a worthless thing.
And by the merit of vile gold, dross, dust.
Shak.
6. Figuratively, a low or mean condition.
[God] raiseth up the poor out of the dust.
1 Sam. ii. 8.
7. Gold dust; hence: (Slang)
Coined money; cash.
Down with the dust, deposit the cash; pay down
the money. [Slang] \'bdMy lord, quoth the
king, presently deposit your hundred pounds in gold, or else no
going hence all the days of your life. . . . The Abbot down
with his dust, and glad he escaped so, returned to
Reading.\'b8 Fuller. -- Dust brand
(Bot.), a fungous plant (Ustilago
Carbo); -- called also smut. --
Gold dust, fine particles of gold, such as are
obtained in placer mining; -- often used as money, being
transferred by weight. -- In dust and ashes.
See under Ashes. -- To bite the
dust. See under Bite, v. t. --
To raise, , to make a
commotion. [Colloq.] -- To throw dust in
one's eyes, to mislead; to deceive.
[Colloq.]
Dust (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Dusted; p. pr.
& vb. n. Dusting.]
1. To free from dust; to brush, wipe, or sweep away
dust from; as, to dust a table or a
floor.
2. To sprinkle with dust.
3. To reduce to a fine powder; to levigate.
Sprat.
To dyst one's jacket, to give one a flogging.
[Slang.]
Dust"brush` (?), n. A brush of
feathers, bristles, or hair, for removing dust from
furniture.
Dust"er (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, dusts; a utensil that
frees from dust. Specifically: (a) (Paper
Making) A revolving wire-cloth cylinder which removes
the dust from rags, etc. (b) (Milling)
A blowing machine for separating the flour from the
bran.
2. A light over-garment, worn in traveling to
protect the clothing from dust. [U.S.]
Dust"i*ness (?), n. The state
of being dusty.
Dust"less, a. Without dust; as a
dustless path.
Dust"man (?), p.; pl.
Dustmen (/). One whose
employment is to remove dirt and defuse.
Gay.
Dust"pan (?), n. A shovel-like
utensil for conveying away dust brushed from the floor.
Dust"-point` (?), n. An old
rural game.
With any boy at dust-point they shall play.
Peacham (1620).
Dust"y (?), a.
[Compar. Dustier (?);
superl. Dustiest (?).]
[AS. dystig. See Dust.]
1. Filled, covered, or sprinkled with dust; clouded
with dust; as, a dusty table; also, reducing to
dust.
And all our yesterdays have lighted fools
The way to dusty death.
Shak.
2. Like dust; of the color of dust; as a
dusty white.
Dusty miller (Bot.), a plant
(Cineraria maritima); -- so called because of the
ashy-white coating of its leaves.
Dutch (?), a. [D.
duitsch German; or G. deutsch, orig.,
popular, national, OD. dietsc, MHG.
diutsch, tiutsch, OHG. diutisk,
fr. diot, diota, a people, a nation; akin
to AS. pe\'a2d, OS. thiod,
thioda, Goth. piuda; cf. Lith.
tauta land, OIr. tuath people, Oscan<--
??sic --> touto. The English have applied the name
especially to the Germanic people living nearest them, the
Hollanders. Cf. Derrick, Teutonic.]
Pertaining to Holland, or to its inhabitants.
Dutch auction. See under
Auction. -- Dutch cheese, a small,
pound, hard cheese, made from skim milk. -- Dutch
clinker, a kind of brick made in Holland. It is
yellowish, very hard, and long and narrow in shape. --
Dutch clover (Bot.), common white
clover (Trifolium repens), the seed of which was
largely imported into England from Holland. -- Dutch
concert, a so-called concert in which all the singers
sing at the same time different songs. [Slang]
-- Dutch courage, the courage of partial
intoxication. [Slang] Marryat. --
Dutch door, a door divided into two parts,
horizontally, so arranged that the lower part can be shut and
fastened, while the upper part remains open. --
Dutch foil, Dutch leaf, Dutch gold, a kind of brass rich in copper,
rolled or beaten into thin sheets, used in Holland to ornament
toys and paper; -- called also Dutch mineral,
Dutch metal, brass foil,
and bronze leaf. -- Dutch
liquid (Chem.), a thin, colorless, volatile
liquid, C2H4Cl2, of a sweetish taste and a
pleasant ethereal odor, produced by the union of chlorine and
ethylene or olefiant gas; -- called also Dutch
oil. It is so called because discovered (in 1795) by an
association of four Hollandish chemists. See Ethylene,
and Olefiant.<-- = ethylene chloride --> --
Dutch oven, a tin screen for baking before an open
fire or kitchen range; also, in the United States, a shallow iron
kettle for baking, with a cover to hold burning coals. --
Dutch pink, chalk, or whiting dyed yellow, and
used in distemper, and for paper staining. etc.
Weale. -- Dutch rush (Bot.),
a species of horsetail rush or Equisetum (E.
hyemale) having a rough, siliceous surface, and used for
scouring and polishing; -- called also scouring
rush, and shave grass. See
Equisetum. -- Dutch tile, a glazed
and painted ornamental tile, formerly much exported, and used in
the jambs of chimneys and the like.
Dutch was formerly used for
German.
Germany is slandered to have sent none to this war [the
Crusades] at this first voyage; and that other pilgrims, passing
through that country, were mocked by the Dutch, and
called fools for their pains.
Fuller.
Dutch, n. 1. pl.
The people of Holland; Dutchmen.
2. The language spoken in Holland.
Dutch"man (?), n.; pl.
Dutchmen (/). A native, or one
of the people, of Holland.
Dutchman's breeches (Bot.), a
perennial American herb (Dicentra cucullaria), with
peculiar double-spurred flowers. See Illust. of
Dicentra. -- Dutchman's laudanum
(Bot.), a West Indian passion flower
(Passiflora Murucuja); also, its fruit. --
Dutchman's pipe (Bot.), an American
twining shrub (Aristolochia Sipho). Its flowers have
their calyx tubes curved like a tobacco pipe.
Du"te*ous (?), a. [From
Duty.]
1. Fulfilling duty; dutiful; having the sentiments
due to a superior, or to one to whom respect or service is owed;
obedient; as, a duteous son or daughter.
2. Subservient; obsequious.
Duteous to the vices of thy mistress.
Shak.
-- Du"te*ous*ly, adv. --
Du"te*ous*ness, n.
Du"ti*a*ble (?), a. [From
Duty.] Subject to the payment of a duty; as
dutiable goods. [U.S.]
All kinds of dutiable merchandise.
Hawthorne.
Du"tied (?), a. Subjected to a
duty.
Ames.
Du"ti*ful (?), a.
1. Performing, or ready to perform, the duties
required by one who has the right to claim submission, obedience,
or deference; submissive to natural or legal superiors; obedient,
as to parents or superiors; as, a dutiful son or
daughter; a dutiful ward or servant; a dutiful
subject.
2. Controlled by, proceeding from, a sense of duty;
respectful; deferential; as, dutiful
affection.
Syn. -- Duteous; obedient; reverent; reverential;
submissive; docile; respectful; compliant.
-- Du"ti*ful*ly, adv. --
Du"ti*ful*ness, n.
Du"ty (?), n.; pl.
Duties (#). [From
Due.]
1. That which is due; payment. [Obs. as
signifying a material thing.]
When thou receivest money for thy labor or ware, thou
receivest thy duty.
Tyndale.
<-- p. 463 -->
2. That which a person is bound by moral obligation
to do, or refrain from doing; that which one ought to do; service
morally obligatory.
Forgetting his duty toward God, his sovereign lord,
and his country.
Hallam.
3. Hence, any assigned service or business; as,
the duties of a policeman, or a soldier; to be on
duty.
With records sweet of duties done.
Keble.
To employ him on the hardest and most imperative
duty.
Hallam.
Duty is a graver term than obligation. A
duty hardly exists to do trivial things; but there may
be an obligation to do them.
C. J. Smith.
4. Specifically, obedience or submission due to
parents and superiors.
Shak.
5. Respect; reverence; regard; act of respect;
homage. \'bdMy duty to you.\'b8
Shak.
6. (Engin.) The efficiency of an engine,
especially a steam pumping engine, as measured by work done by a
certain quantity of fuel; usually, the number of pounds of water
lifted one foot by one bushel of coal (94 lbs. old standard), or
by 1 cwt. (112 lbs., England, or 100 lbs., United States).
7. (Com.) Tax, toll, impost, or customs;
excise; any sum of money required by government to be paid on the
importation, exportation, or consumption of goods.
duty, but a
direct tax. [U.S.]
Ad valorem duty, a duty which is graded
according to the cost, or market value, of the article taxed. See
Ad valorem. -- Specific duty, a duty
of a specific sum assessed on an article without reference to its
value or market. -- On duty, actually engaged
in the performance of one's assigned task.
\'d8Du*um"vir (?), n.; pl. E.
Duumvirs (#), L. Duumviri
(#). [L., fr. duo two +
vir man.] (Rom. Antiq.) One of
two Roman officers or magistrates united in the same public
functions.
Du*um"vi*ral (?), a. [L.
duumviralis.] Of or belonging to the
duumviri or the duumvirate.
Du*um"vi*rate (?), n. [L.
duumviratus, fr. duumvir.] The
union of two men in the same office; or the office, dignity, or
government of two men thus associated, as in ancient Rome.
\'d8Dux (?), n. [L.,
leader.] (Mus.) The scholastic name for the
theme or subject of a fugue, the answer being called the
comes, or companion.
\'d8Duy"ker*bok (?), n. [D.
duiker diver + bok a buck, lit., diver
buck. So named from its habit of diving suddenly into the
bush.] (Zo\'94l.) A small South African
antelope (Cephalous mergens); -- called also
impoon, and deloo.
Du*young" (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) See Dugong.
D" valve` (?). (Mech.) A kind
of slide valve. See Slide valve, under
Slide.
\'d8Dver"gr (?), n.; pl.
Dvergar (#). [See
Dwarf.] (Scand. Myth.) A dwarf
supposed to dwell in rocks and hills and to be skillful in
working metals.
Dwale (?), n. [OE.
dwale, dwole, deception, deadly nightshade,
AS. dwala, dwola, error, doubt; akin to E.
dull. See Dull, a.]
1. (Bot.) The deadly nightshade
(Atropa Belladonna), having stupefying
qualities.
2. (Her.) The tincture sable or black
when blazoned according to the fantastic system in which plants
are substituted for the tinctures.
3. A sleeping potion; an opiate.
Chaucer.
Dwang (?), n. [Cf. D.
dwingen to force, compel.]
1. (Carp.) A piece of wood set between
two studs, posts, etc., to stiffen and support them.
2. (Mech.) (a) A kind of
crowbar. (b) A large wrench.
Knight.
Dwarf (?), n.; pl
Dwarfs (#). [OE.
dwergh, dwerf, dwarf, AS.
dweorg, dweorh; akin to D.
dwerg, MHG. twerc, G. zwerg,
Icel. dvergr, Sw. & Dan. dverg; of unknown
origin.] An animal or plant which is much below the
ordinary size of its species or kind; especially, a diminutive
human being.
dwarfs as well as
fools shared the favor of courts and the nobility.
Dwarf is used adjectively in reference to
anything much below the usual or normal size; as,
dwarf tree; dwarf honeysuckle.
Dwarf elder (Bot.), danewort.
-- Dwarf wall (Arch.), a low wall, not
as high as the story of a building, often used as a garden wall
or fence.
Gwilt.
Dwarf, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Dwarfed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Dwarfing.] To hinder from
growing to the natural size; to make or keep small; to
stunt.
Addison.
Even the most common moral ideas and affections . . . would be
stunted and dwarfed, if cut off from a spiritual
background.
J. C. Shairp.
Dwarf, v. i. To become small; to
diminish in size.
Strange power of the world that, the moment we enter it, our
great conceptions dwarf.
Beaconsfield.
Dwarf"ish, a. Like a dwarf; below the
common stature or size; very small; petty; as, a
dwarfish animal, shrub. --
Dwarf"ish*ly, adv. --
Dwarf"ish*ness, n.
Dwarf"ling (?), n. A diminutive
dwarf.
Dwarf"y (?), a. Much
undersized. [R.]
Waterhouse.
{ Dwaul, Dwaule } (?),
v. i. [See Dull, Dwell.]
To be delirious. [Obs.]
Junius.
Dwell (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Dwelled
(?), usually contracted into Dwelt (/);
p. pr. & vb. n. Dwelling.]
[OE. dwellen, dwelien, to err, linger,
AS. dwellan to deceive, hinder, delay,
dwelian to err; akin to Icel. dvelja to
delay, tarry, Sw. dv\'84ljas to dwell, Dan.
dv\'91le to linger, and to E. dull. See
Dull, and cf. Dwale.]
1. To delay; to linger. [Obs.]
2. To abide; to remain; to continue.
I 'll rather dwell in my necessity.
Shak.
Thy soul was like a star and dwelt apart.
Wordsworth.
3. To abide as a permanent resident, or for a time;
to live in a place; to reside.
The parish in which I was born, dwell, and have
possessions.
Peacham.
The poor man dwells in a humble cottage near the
hall where the lord of the domain resides.
C. J. Smith.
To dwell in, to abide in (a place); hence, to
depend on. \'bdMy hopes in heaven to
dwell.\'b8 Shak. -- To dwell
on upon, to continue long on or
in; to remain absorbed with; to stick to; to make much of;
as, to dwell upon a subject; a singer dwells
on a note.
They stand at a distance, dwelling on his looks and
language, fixed in amazement.
Buckminster.
Syn. -- To inhabit; live; abide; sojourn; reside; continue;
stay; rest.
Dwell (?), v. t. To
inhabit. [R.]
Milton.
Dwell"er (?), n. An inhabitant;
a resident; as, a cave dweller.
\'bdDwellers at Jerusalem.\'b8
Acts i. 19.
Dwell"ing, n. Habitation; place or house
in which a person lives; abode; domicile.
Hazor shall be a dwelling for dragons.
Jer. xlix. 33.
God will deign
To visit oft the dwellings of just men.
Milton.
Philip's dwelling fronted on the street.
Tennyson.
Dwelling house, a house intended to be
occupied as a residence, in distinction from a store, office, or
other building. -- Dwelling place, place of
residence.
Dwelt (?), imp. & p. p.of
Dwell.
Dwin"dle (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Dwindled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Dwindling
(?).] [From OE. dwinen to
languish, waste away, AS. dw\'c6nan; akin to LG.
dwinen, D. dwijnen to vanish, Icel.
dv\'c6na to cease, dwindle, Sw. tvina; of
uncertain origin. The suffix -le, preceded by
d excrescent after n, is added to the root
with a diminutive force.] To diminish; to become less;
to shrink; to waste or consume away; to become degenerate; to
fall away.
Weary sennights nine times nine
Shall he dwindle, peak and pine.
Shak.
Religious societies, though begun with excellent intentions,
are said to have dwindled into factious clubs.
Swift.
Dwin"dle, v. t. 1. To make
less; to bring low.
Our drooping days are dwindled down to naught.
Thomson.
2. To break; to disperse. [R.]
Clarendon.
Dwin"dle, n. The process of dwindling;
dwindlement; decline; degeneracy. [R.]
Johnson.
Dwin"dle*ment (?), n. The act
or process of dwindling; a dwindling. [R.]
Mrs. Oliphant.
Dwine (?), v. i. [See
Dwindle.] To waste away; to pine; to
languish. [Obs. or Prov. Eng.]
Gower.
Dy"ad (?), n. [L.
dyas, dyadis, the number two. Gr. /: cf.
F. dyade. See two, and cf. Duad.]
1. Two units treated as one; a couple; a
pair.
2. (Chem.) An element, atom, or radical
having a valence or combining power of two.
Dy"ad, a. (Chem.) Having a
valence or combining power of two; capable of being substituted
for, combined with, or replaced by, two atoms of hydrogen;
as, oxygen and calcium are dyad elements. See
Valence.
Dy*ad"ic (?), a. [Gr. /, fr.
/ two.] Pertaining to the number two; of two parts
or elements.
Dyadic arithmetic, the same as binary
arithmetic.
Dy"aks (?), n. pl.;
sing. Dyak. (Ethnol.) The
aboriginal and most numerous inhabitants of Borneo. They are
partially civilized, but retain many barbarous practices.
\'d8Dy"as (?), n. [L.
dyas the number two.] (Geol.) A
name applied in Germany to the Permian formation, there
consisting of two principal groups.
Dye (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Dyed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Dyeing.] [OE.
deyan, dyen, AS.
de\'a0gian.] To stain; to color; to give a
new and permanent color to, as by the application of
dyestuffs.
Cloth to be dyed of divers colors.
Trench.
The soul is dyed by its thoughts.
Lubbock.
To dye in the grain, To dye in the
wool (Fig.), to dye firmly; to
imbue thoroughly.
He might truly be termed a legitimate son of the revenue
system dyed in the wool.
Hawthorne.
Syn. -- See Stain.
Dye, n. 1. Color produced by
dyeing.
2. Material used for dyeing; a dyestuff.
Dye, n. Same as Die, a
lot.
Spenser.
Dye"house` (?), n. A building
in which dyeing is carried on.
Dye"ing (?), n. The process or
art of fixing coloring matters permanently and uniformly in the
fibers of wool, cotton, etc.
Dy"er (?), n. One whose
occupation is to dye cloth and the like.
Dyer's broom, Dyer's rocket,
Dyer's weed. See Dyer's broom,
under Broom.
Dye"stuff` (?), n. A material
used for dyeing.
Dye"wood` (?), n. Any wood from
which coloring matter is extracted for dyeing.
Dy"ing (?), a. 1. In
the act of dying; destined to death; mortal; perishable; as,
dying bodies.
2. Of or pertaining to dying or death; as,
dying bed; dying day; dying words;
also, simulating a dying state.
Dy"ing, n. The act of expiring; passage
from life to death; loss of life.
Dy"ing*ly, adv. In a dying manner; as if
at the point of death.
Beau. & Fl.
Dy"ing*ness, n. The state of dying or
the stimulation of such a state; extreme languor;
languishment. [R.]
Tenderness becomes me best, a sort of dyingness;
you see that picture, Foible, -- a swimmingness in the eyes; yes,
I'll look so.
Congreve.
Dyke (?), n. See Dike.
The spelling dyke is restricted by some to the
geological meaning.
Dy*nac`ti*nom"e*ter (?), n.
[Gr. / power + E. actinometer.] An
instrument for measuring the intensity of the photogenic
(light-producing) rays, and computing the power of object
glasses.
Dy"nam (?), n. [Cf. F.
dyname. See Dynamic.] A unit of
measure for dynamical effect or work; a foot pound. See Foot
pound.
Whewell.
Dy*nam"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. /
power + -meter: cf. F. dynam\'8atre. Cf.
Dynamometer.]
1. A dynamometer.
2. (Opt.) An instrument for determining
the magnifying power of telescopes, consisting usually of a
doubleimage micrometer applied to the eye end of a telescope for
measuring accurately the diameter of the image of the object
glass there formed; which measurement, compared with the actual
diameter of the glass, gives the magnifying power.
Dy`na*met"ric*al (?), a.
Pertaining to a dynameter.
{ Dy*nam"ic (?), Dy*nam"ic*al
(?), } a. [Gr. / powerful, fr.
/ power, fr. / to be able; cf. L. durus hard, E.
dure: cf. F. dynamique.]
1. Of or pertaining to dynamics; belonging to
energy or power; characterized by energy or production of
force.
Science, as well as history, has its past to show, -- a past
indeed, much larger; but its immensity is dynamic, not
divine.
J. Martineau.
The vowel is produced by phonetic, not by dynamic,
causes.
J. Peile.
2. Relating to physical forces, effects, or laws;
as, dynamical geology.
As natural science has become more dynamic, so has
history.
Prof. Shedd.
Dynamical electricity. See under
Electricity.
Dy*nam"ic*al*ly, adv. In accordance with
the principles of dynamics or moving forces.
J. Peile.
Dy*nam"ics (?), n. 1.
That branch of mechanics which treats of the motion of
bodies (kinematics) and the action of forces in
producing or changing their motion (kinetics).
Dynamics is held by some recent writers to include
statics and not kinematics.
2. The moving moral, as well as physical, forces of
any kind, or the laws which relate to them.
3. (Mus.) That department of musical
science which relates to, or treats of, the power of tones.
Dy"na*mism (?), n. [Cf. F.
dynamisme. See Dynamics.] The
doctrine of Leibnitz, that all substance involves force.
Dy"na*mist (?), n. One who
accounts for material phenomena by a theory of dynamics.
Those who would resolve matter into centers of force may be
said to constitute the school of dynamists.
Ward (Dyn. Sociol. ).
Dy"na*mi`tard (?), n. A
political dynamiter. [A form found in some
newspapers.]
Dy"na*mite (?), n. [Gr. /
power. See Dynamic.] (Chem.) An
explosive substance consisting of nitroglycerin absorbed by some
inert, porous solid, as infusorial earth, sawdust, etc. It is
safer than nitroglycerin, being less liable to explosion from
moderate shocks, or from spontaneous decomposition.
Dy"na*mi`ter (?), n. One who
uses dynamite; esp., one who uses it for the destruction of life
and property.
Dy"na*mi`ting (?), n.
Destroying by dynamite, for political ends.
Dynamiting is not the American way.
The Century.
Dy"na*mi`tism (?), n. The work
of dynamiters.
Dy"na*mi*za`tion (?), [Gr. / power. See
Dynamic.] (Homeop.) The act of
setting free the dynamic powers of a medicine, as by shaking the
bottle containing it.
Dy"na*mo (?), n. A
dynamo-electric machine.
Dy`na*mo-e*lec"tric (?), a.
[Gr. / power + E. electric. See
Dynamic.] Pertaining to the development of
electricity, especially electrical currents, by power; producing
electricity or electrical currents by mechanical power.
Dy*nam"o*graph (?), n. [Gr. /
power + -graph. See Dynamic.]
(Physiol.) A dynamometer to which is attached a
device for automatically registering muscular power.
Dy`na*mom"e*ter (?), n. [Cf. F.
dynamom\'8atre. See Dynameter.] An
apparatus for measuring force or power; especially, muscular
effort of men or animals, or the power developed by a motor, or
that required to operate machinery.
{ Dy`na*mo*met"ric (?),
Dy`na*mo*met"ric*al (?), } a.
Relating to a dynamometer, or to the measurement of force
doing work; as, dynamometrical
instruments.
Dy`na*mom"e*try (?), n. The art
or process of measuring forces doing work.
Dy"nast (?), n. [L.
dynastes, Gr. /, fr. / to be able or strong: cf.
F. dynaste. See Dynamic.]
1. A ruler; a governor; a prince.
2. A dynasty; a government.
[Obs.]
\'d8Dy*nas"ta (?), n. [NL. See
Dynast.] A tyrant. [Obs.]
Milton.
Dy*nas"tic (?), a. [Gr. / of
a dynast, fr. /: cf. F. dunastique.] Of
or relating to a dynasty or line of kings.
Motley.
Dy*nas"tic*al (?), a.
Dynastic.
Dy*nas"ti*dan (?), n. [Gr. /,
fem. of /. See Dynast. The name alludes to the immense
size of some species.] (Zo\'94l.) One of a
group of gigantic, horned beetles, including Dynastus
Neptunus, and the Hercules beetle (D. Hercules)
of tropical America, which grow to be six inches in length.
Dy"nas*ty (?; 277), n.; pl.
Dynasties (#). [Gr. / lordship,
fr. / to hold power or lordship, fr. /: cf. F.
dynastie dynasty. See Dynast.]
<-- p. 464 -->
1. Sovereignty; lordship; dominion.
Johnson.
2. A race or succession of kings, of the same line
or family; the continued lordship of a race of rulers.
Dyne (?), n. [Formed fr. Gr.
/ power. See Dynamic.] (Physics)
The unit of force, in the C. G. S. (Centimeter Gram Second)
system of physical units; that is, the force which, acting on a
gram for a second, generates a velocity of a centimeter per
second.
Dys- (?). An inseparable prefix, fr. the
Greek / hard, ill, and signifying ill,
bad, hard, difficult, and the
like; cf. the prefixes, Skr. dus-, Goth.
tuz-, OHG. zur-, G. zer-, AS.
to-, Icel. tor-, Ir. do-.
\'d8Dys`\'91s*the"si*a (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / ill, bad + / to perceive, to
feel.] (Med.) Impairment of any of the
senses, esp. of touch.
\'d8Dys*cra"si*a (?), n. [NL.
dyscrasia, fr. Gr. /; / bad + / mixture, fr. /
to mix: cf. F. dycrasie.] (Med.)
An ill habit or state of the constitution; -- formerly
regarded as dependent on a morbid condition of the blood and
humors.
Dys"cra*site (?), n. [Gr. /
bad + / compound.] (Min.) A mineral
consisting of antimony and silver.
Dys"cra*sy (?), n.; pl.
Discrasies (/). Dycrasia.
Sin is a cause of dycrasies and distempers.
Jer. Taylor.
{ Dys`en*ter"ic (?),
Dys`en*ter"ic*al (?), } a.
[L. dysentericus, Gr. /; cf. F.
dysent\'82rigue.] Of or pertaining to
dysentery; having dysentery; as, a dysenteric
patient. \'bdDysenteric symptoms.\'b8
Copland.
Dys"en*ter*y (?), n. [L.
dysenteria, Gr. /; / ill, bad + /, pl. /,
intestines, fr. / within, fr. / in, akin to E. in:
cf. F. dysenterie. See Dys, and
In.] (Med.) A disease attended
with inflammation and ulceration of the colon and rectum, and
characterized by griping pains, constant desire to evacuate the
bowels, and the discharge of mucus and blood.
dysentery is usually
accompanied with high fevers. It occurs epidemically, and is
believed to be communicable through the medium of the alvine
discharges.
Dys`ge*nes"ic (?), a. Not
procreating or breeding freely; as, one race may be
dysgenesic with respect to another.
Darwin.
\'d8Dys*gen"e*sis (?), n.
[Pref. dys- + genesis.]
(Biol.) A condition of not generating or breeding
freely; infertility; a form homogenesis in which the hybrids are
sterile among themselves, but are fertile with members of either
parent race.
Dys`lo*gis"tic (?), a. [Gr. /
ill, bad, + / discourse, fr. / to speak.]
Unfavorable; not commendatory; -- opposed to
eulogistic.
There is no course of conduct for which dyslogistic
or eulogistic epithets may be found.
J. F. Stephen.
The paternity of dyslogistic -- no bantling, but
now almost a centenarian -- is adjudged to that genius of common
sense, Jeremy Bentham.
Fitzed. Hall.
Dys"lu*ite (?), n. [Gr. /
ill, hard + / to loose, dissolve.] (Min.)
A variety of the zinc spinel or gahnite.
Dys"ly*sin (?), n. [Gr. /
ill, hard + / a loosing.] (Physiol. Chem.)
A resinous substance formed in the decomposition of cholic
acid of bile; -- so called because it is difficult to
solve.
\'d8Dys*men`or*rhe"a (?), n.
[Gr. / ill, hard + / month + / to flow.]
(Med.) Difficult and painful menstruation.
Dys"no*my (?), n. [Gr. /; /
ill, bad + / law.] Bad legislation; the enactment of
bad laws.
Cockeram.
Dys"o*dile (?), n. [Gr. /
ill smell, from / ill-smelling; / ill, bad + / to
smell.] (Min.) An impure earthy or coaly
bitumen, which emits a highly fetid odor when burning.
{ Dys*pep"si*a (?), Dys*pep"sy
(?; 277), }[L. dyspepsia, Gr. /,
fr. / hard to digest; / ill, hard + / to cook, digest; akin
to E. cook: cf. F. dyspepsie. See
Dys-, and 3d Cook.] (Med.) A kind
of indigestion; a state of the stomach in which its functions are
disturbed, without the presence of other diseases, or, if others
are present, they are of minor importance. Its symptoms are loss
of appetite, nausea, heartburn, acrid or fetid eructations, a
sense of weight or fullness in the stomach, etc.
Dunglison.
{ Dys*pep"tic (?), Dys*pep"tic*al
(?), } a. Pertaining to dyspepsia;
having dyspepsia; as, a dyspeptic or
dyspeptical symptom.
Dys*pep"tic, n. A person afflicted with
dyspepsia.
Dys*pep"tone (?), n. [Pref.
dys- + peptone.] (Physiol.
Chem.) An insoluble albuminous body formed from casein
and other proteid substances by the action of gastric
juice.
Meissner.
{ \'d8Dys*pha"gi*a (?),
Dys"pha*gy (?), } n. [NL.
dysphagia, fr. Gr. / ill, hard + / to eat.]
(Med.) Difficulty in swallowing.
{ \'d8Dys*pho"ni*a (?),
Dys"pho*ny (?), } n. [NL.
dysphonia, Gr. /; / ill, hard + / sound, voice:
cf. F. dysphonie.] (Med.) A
difficulty in producing vocal sounds; enfeebled or depraved
voice.
\'d8Dys*pho"ri*a (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. /, fr. / hard to bear; / ill, hard + / to bear:
cf. F. dysphorie.] (Med.)
Impatience under affliction; morbid restlessness;
dissatisfaction; the fidgets.
\'d8Dysp*n/"a (?), n. [L.,
fr. Gr. /, fr. / short of breath; pref. / ill, hard + /,
/, breathing, / to blow, breathe: cf. F.
dyspn\'82e.] (Med.) Difficulty
of breathing.
Dysp*no"ic (?), a. (Med.)
Affected with shortness of breath; relating to
dyspn/a.
Dys*te`le*ol"o*gy (?), n.
[Pref. dys- + teleology.]
(Biol.) The doctrine of purposelessness; a term
applied by Haeckel to that branch of physiology which treats of
rudimentary organs, in view of their being useless to the life of
the organism.
To the doctrine of dysteleology, or the denial of
final causes, a proof of the real existence of such a thing as
instinct must necessarily be fatal.
Word (Dynamic Sociology).
\'d8Dys*to"ci*a (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. /; / ill, hard + / delivery.]
(Med.) Difficult delivery pr parturition.
Dys"tome (?), a. [Gr. / ill,
hard + / cutting, / to cut.] (Min.)
Cleaving with difficulty.
dystome spar by
Mohs.
{ \'d8Dys*u"ri*a (?), Dys"u*ry
(?), } n. [L. dysuria,
Gr. /; / + / urine: cf. F. dysurie.]
(Med.) Difficult or painful discharge of
urine.
Dys*u"ric (?), a. [Gr. /: cf.
F. dysurique.] Pertaining to, or afflicted
with, dysury.
{ Dze"ren (?), Dze"ron
(?), } n. (Zo\'94l.)
The Chinese yellow antelope (Procapra gutturosa),
a remarkably swift-footed animal, inhabiting the deserts of
Central Asia, Thibet, and China.
Dzig"ge*tai (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) The kiang, a wild horse or wild ass of
Thibet (Asinus hemionus).
Koulan.
E (?). 1. The fifth letter of the
English alphabet. It derives its form, name, and
value from the Latin, the form and value being further derived
from the Greek, into which it came from the Ph\'d2nician, and
ultimately, probably, from the Egyptian. Its etymological
relations are closest with the vowels i, a,
and o, as illustrated by to fall, to
fell; man, pl. men;
drink, drank, drench;
dint, dent; doom,
deem; goose, pl. geese;
beef, OF. boef, L. bos; and E.
cheer, OF. chiere, LL.
cara.
The letter e has in English several vowel
sounds, the two principal being its long or name sound, as in
eve, me, and the short, as in
end, best. Usually at the end of words it
is silent, but serves to indicate that the preceding vowel has
its long sound, where otherwise it would be short, as in
m\'bene, as in c\'bene, m/te,
which without the final e would be pronounced
m/n, c/n, m/t. After
c and g, the final e indicates
that these letters are to be pronounced as s and
j; respectively, as in lace,
rage.
See Guide to Pronunciation, 2. (Mus.) E is the third tone of the
model diatonic scale. E
E-. A Latin prefix meaning out, out
of, from; also, without. See
Ex-.
Each (?), a. [OE.
eche, \'91lc, elk,
ilk, AS. \'91lc; \'be always +
gel\'c6c like; akin to OD. ieg/lik, OHG.
/ogil\'c6th, MHG. iegel\'c6ch.
////. See 3d Aye, Like, and cf.
Either, Every, Ilk.]
1. Every one of the two or more individuals
composing a number of objects, considered separately from the
rest. It is used either with or without a following noun; as,
each of you or each one of you.
\'bdEach of the combatants.\'b8
Fielding.
each corresponds other.
\'bdLet each esteem other better than
himself.\'b8 Each other, used elliptically for
each the other. It is our duty to assist each
other; that is, it is our duty, each to assist
the other, each being in the nominative and
other in the objective case.
It is a bad thing that men should hate each other;
but it is far worse that they should contract the habit of
cutting one another's throats without hatred.
Macaulay.
Let each
His adamantine coat gird well.
Milton.
In each cheek appears a pretty dimple.
Shak.
Then draw we nearer day by day,
Each to his brethren, all to God.
Keble.
The oak and the elm have each a distinct
character.
Gilpin.
2. Every; -- sometimes used interchangeably with
every.
Shak.
I know each lane and every alley green.
Milton.
In short each man's happiness depends upon
himself.
Sterne.
each for every,
though common in Scotland and in America, is now
un-English.
Fitzed. Hall.
Syn. -- See Every.
Each"where` (?), adv.
Everywhere. [Obs.]
The sky eachwhere did show full bright and
fair.
Spenser.
Ead"ish (?), n. See
Eddish.
Ea"ger (?), a. [OE.
egre sharp, sour, eager, OF. agre,
aigre, F. aigre, fr. L. acer
sharp, sour, spirited, zealous; akin to Gr. / highest, extreme,
Skr. a/ra point; fr. a root signifying to be
sharp. Cf. Acrid, Edge.]
1. Sharp; sour; acid. [Obs.]
\'bdLike eager droppings into milk.\'b8
Shak.
2. Sharp; keen; bitter; severe.
[Obs.] \'bdA nipping and an eager
air.\'b8 \'bdEager words.\'b8
Shak.
3. Excited by desire in the pursuit of any object;
ardent to pursue, perform, or obtain; keenly desirous; hotly
longing; earnest; zealous; impetuous; vehement; as, the
hounds were eager in the chase.
And gazed for tidings in my eager eyes.
Shak.
How eagerly ye follow my disgraces!
Shak.
When to her eager lips is brought
Her infant's thrilling kiss.
Keble.
A crowd of eager and curious schoolboys.
Hawthorne.
Conceit and grief an eager combat fight.
Shak.
4. Brittle; inflexible; not ductile.
[Obs.]
Gold will be sometimes so eager, as artists call
it, that it will as little endure the hammer as glass itself.
Locke.
Syn. -- Earnest; ardent; vehement; hot; impetuous; fervent;
intense; impassioned; zealous; forward. See
Earnest. -- Eager, Earnest.
Eager marks an excited state of desire or passion;
thus, a child is eager for a plaything, a hungry man
is eager for food, a covetous man is eager
for gain. Eagerness is liable to frequent abuses, and is good or
bad, as the case may be. It relates to what is praiseworthy or
the contrary. Earnest denotes a permanent state of
mind, feeling, or sentiment. It is always taken in a good sense;
as, a preacher is earnest in his appeals to the
conscience; an agent is earnest in his
solicitations.
Ea"ger, n. Same as Eagre.
Ea"ger*ly, adv. In an eager
manner.
Ea"ger*ness, n. 1. The state or
quality of being eager; ardent desire. \'bdThe
eagerness of love.\'b8
Addison.
2. Tartness; sourness. [Obs.]
Syn. -- Ardor; vehemence; earnestness; impetuosity;
heartiness; fervor; fervency; avidity; zeal; craving; heat;
passion; greediness.
Ea"gle (?), n. [OE.
egle, F. aigle, fr. L. aquila;
prob. named from its color, fr. aquilus dark-colored,
brown; cf. Lith. aklas blind. Cf.
Aquiline.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any large, rapacious bird
of the Falcon family, esp. of the genera Aquila and
Hali\'91etus. The eagle is remarkable for strength,
size, graceful figure, keenness of vision, and extraordinary
flight. The most noted species are the golden eagle (Aquila
chrysa\'89tus); the imperial eagle of Europe (A.
mogilnik ); the American bald eagle
(Hali\'91etus leucocephalus); the European sea eagle
(H. albicilla); and the great harpy eagle
(Thrasaetus harpyia). The figure of the eagle, as the
king of birds, is commonly used as an heraldic emblem, and also
for standards and emblematic devices. See Bald eagle,
Harpy, and Golden eagle.
2. A gold coin of the United States, of the value
of ten dollars.
3. (Astron.) A northern constellation,
containing Altair, a star of the first magnitude. See
Aquila.
4. The figure of an eagle borne as an emblem on the
standard of the ancient Romans, or so used upon the seal or
standard of any people.
Though the Roman eagle shadow thee.
Tennyson.
Bald eagle. See Bald eagle. --
Bold eagle. See under Bold. --
Double eagle, a gold coin of the United States
worth twenty dollars. -- Eagle hawk
(Zo\'94l.), a large, crested, South American hawk
of the genus Morphnus. -- Eagle owl
(Zo\'94l.), any large owl of the genus
Bubo, and allied genera; as the American great horned
owl (Bubo Virginianus), and the allied European
species (B. maximus). See Horned owl. --
Eagle ray (Zo\'94l.), any large species
of ray of the genus Myliobatis (esp. M.
aquila). -- Eagle vulture
(Zo\'94l.), a large West African bid
(Gypohierax Angolensis), intermediate, in several
respects, between the eagles and vultures.
Ea"gle-eyed` (?), a.
Sharp-sighted as an eagle. \'bdInwardly
eagle-eyed.\'b8
Howell.
Ea"gle-sight`ed (?), a.
Farsighted and strong-sighted; sharp-sighted.
Shak.
<-- p. 465 -->
Ea"gless (?), n. [Cf. OF.
aiglesse.] (Zo\'94l.) A female
or hen eagle. [R.]
Sherwood.
Ea"gle*stone (?), n.
(Min.) A concretionary nodule of clay ironstone,
of the size of a walnut or larger, so called by the ancients, who
believed that the eagle transported these stones to her nest to
facilitate the laying of her eggs; a\'89tites.
Ea"glet (?), n. [Cf. OF.
aiglet.] (Zo\'94l.) A young
eagle, or a diminutive eagle.
Ea"gle-winged` (?), a. Having
the wings of an eagle; swift, or soaring high, like an
eagle.
Shak.
Ea"gle*wood` (?), n. [From Skr.
aguru, through Pg. aguila; cf. F. bois
d'aigle.] A kind of fragrant wood. See
Agallochum.
Ea"grass (?), n. See
Eddish. [Obs.]
Ea"gre (?), n. [AS.
e\'a0gor, /gor, in comp., water, sea,
e\'a0gor-stre\'a0m water stream, sea.] A
wave, or two or three successive waves, of great height and
violence, at flood tide moving up an estuary or river; --
commonly called the bore. See Bore.
{ Eal"der*man, Eal"dor*man (?)
}, n. An alderman.
[Obs.]
Eale (?), n. [See
Ale.] Ale. [Obs.]
Shak.
Eame (?), n. [AS.
e\'a0m; akin to D. oom, G. ohm,
oheim; cf. L. avunculus.]
Uncle. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Ean (?), v. t. & i. [AS.
e\'a0nian. See Yean.] To bring
forth, as young; to yean. \'bdIn eaning
time.\'b8
Shak.
Ean"ling (?), n. [See
Ean, Yeanling.] A lamb just brought
forth; a yeanling.
Shak.
Ear (?), n. [AS.
e\'a0re; akin to OFries. \'a0re,
\'a0r, OS. /ra, D. oor, OHG.
/ra, G. ohr, Icel. eyra, Sw.
\'94ra, Dan. \'94re, Goth. auso,
L. auris, Lith. ausis, Russ.
ukho, Gr. /; cf. L. audire to hear, Gr.
/, Skr. av to favor , protect. Cf. Auricle,
Orillon.]
1. The organ of hearing; the external ear.
pinna or
auricle and meatus or external opening; the
middle ear, drum, or tympanum; and the internal ear,
or labyrinth. The middle ear is a cavity connected by
the Eustachian tube with the pharynx, separated from
the opening of the external ear by the tympanic
membrane, and containing a chain of three small bones, or
ossicles, named malleus, incus, and
stapes, which connect this membrane with the internal
ear. The essential part of the internal ear where the fibers of
the auditory nerve terminate, is the membranous
labyrinth, a complicated system of sacs and tubes filled
with a fluid (the endolymph), and lodged in a cavity, called the
bony labyrinth, in the periotic bone. The membranous
labyrinth does not completely fill the bony labyrinth, but is
partially suspended in it in a fluid (the perilymph). The bony
labyrinth consists of a central cavity, the vestibule,
into which three semicircular canals and the canal of
the cochlea (spirally coiled in mammals) open. The
vestibular portion of the membranous labyrinth consists of two
sacs, the utriculus and sacculus, connected
by a narrow tube, into the former of which three membranous
semicircular canals open, while the latter is connected with a
membranous tube in the cochlea containing the organ of
Corti. By the help of the external ear the sonorous
vibrations of the air are concentrated upon the tympanic membrane
and set it vibrating, the chain of bones in the middle ear
transmits these vibrations to the internal ear, where they cause
certain delicate structures in the organ of Corti, and other
parts of the membranous labyrinth, to stimulate the fibers of the
auditory nerve to transmit sonorous impulses to the brain.
2. The sense of hearing; the perception of sounds;
the power of discriminating between different tones; as, a
nice ear for music; -- in the singular only.
Songs . . . not all ungrateful to thine ear.
Tennyson.
3. That which resembles in shape or position the
ear of an animal; any prominence or projection on an object, --
usually one for support or attachment; a lug; a handle; as,
the ears of a tub, a skillet, or dish. The
ears of a boat are outside kneepieces near the bow.
See Illust. of Bell.
4. (Arch.) (a) Same as
Acroterium (a). (b)
Same as Crossette.
5. Privilege of being kindly heard; favor;
attention.
Dionysius . . . would give no ear to his suit.
Bacon.
Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears.
Shak.
About the ears, in close proximity to; near at
hand. -- By the ears, in close contest; as,
to set by the ears; to fall together by the
ears; to be by the ears. -- Button
ear (in dogs), an ear which falls forward and
completely hides the inside. -- Ear finger,
the little finger. -- Ear of Dionysius, a
kind of ear trumpet with a flexible tube; -- named from the
Sicilian tyrant, who constructed a device to overhear the
prisoners in his dungeons. -- Ear sand
(Anat.), otoliths. See Otolith. --
Ear snail (Zo\'94l.), any snail of the
genus Auricula and allied genera. -- Ear
stones (Anat.), otoliths. See
Otolith. -- Ear trumpet, an
instrument to aid in hearing. It consists of a tube broad at the
outer end, and narrowing to a slender extremity which enters the
ear, thus collecting and intensifying sounds so as to assist the
hearing of a partially deaf person. -- Ear
vesicle (Zo\'94l.), a simple auditory organ,
occurring in many worms, mollusks, etc. It consists of a small
sac containing a fluid and one or more solid concretions or
otocysts. -- Rose ear (in dogs), an ear which
folds backward and shows part of the inside. -- To give
ear to, to listen to; to heed, as advice or one
advising. \'bdGive ear unto my song.\'b8
Goldsmith. -- To have one's ear, to be
listened to with favor. -- Up to the ears,
deeply submerged; almost overwhelmed; as, to be in trouble
up to one's ears. [Colloq.]
Ear (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Eared (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Earing.] To take in with the
ears; to hear. [Sportive] \'bdI
eared her language.\'b8
Two Noble Kinsmen.
Ear, n. [AS. ear; akin to D.
aar, OHG. ahir, G. \'84hre,
Icel., Sw., & Dan. ax, Goth. ahs.
///. Cf. Awn, Edge.]
The spike or head of any cereal (as, wheat, rye, barley,
Indian corn, etc.), containing the kernels.
First the blade, then the ear, after that the full
corn in the ear.
Mark iv. 28.
Ear, v. i. To put forth ears in growing;
to form ears, as grain; as, this corn ears
well.
Ear, v. t. [OE. erien, AS.
erian; akin to OFries. era, OHG.
erran, MHG. eren, ern, Prov. G.
aren, \'84ren, Icel. erja, Goth.
arjan, Lith. arti, OSlav. orati,
L. arare, Gr. /. Cf. Arable.] To
plow or till; to cultivate. \'bdTo ear the
land.\'b8
Shak.
Ear"a*ble (?), a. Arable;
tillable. [Archaic]
Ear"ache` (?), n. Ache or pain
in the ear.
Ear"al (?), a. Receiving by the
ear. [Obs.]
Hewyt.
Ear"-bored` (?), a. Having the
ear perforated.
Ear"cap` (?), n. A cap or cover
to protect the ear from cold.
Ear"coc`kle (?), n.
(Bot.) A disease in wheat, in which the blackened
and contracted grain, or ear, is filled with minute worms.
Ear"drop` (?), n. 1. A
pendant for the ear; an earring; as, a pair of
eardrops.
2. (Bot.) A species of primrose. See
Auricula.
Ear"drum` (?), n. (Anat.)
The tympanum. See Illust. of Ear.
Eared (?), a. 1.
Having (such or so many) ears; -- used in composition;
as, long-eared-eared; sharp-eared;
full-eared; ten-eared.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Having external ears;
having tufts of feathers resembling ears.
Eared owl (Zo\'94l.), an owl having
earlike tufts of feathers, as the long-eared owl, and
short-eared owl. -- Eared seal
(Zo\'94l.), any seal of the family
Otariid\'91, including the fur seals and hair seals.
See Seal.
Ear"i*ness (?), n. [Scotch
ery or eiry affected with fear.]
Fear or timidity, especially of something
supernatural. [Written also
eiryness.]
The sense of eariness, as twilight came on.
De Quincey.
Ear"ing, n. (Naut.) (a)
A line used to fasten the upper corners of a sail to the
yard or gaff; -- also called head earing.
(b) A line for hauling the reef cringle to the
yard; -- also called reef earing. (c)
A line fastening the corners of an awning to the rigging or
stanchions.
Ear"ing, n. Coming into ear, as
corn.
Ear"ing, n. A plowing of land.
[Archaic]
Neither earing nor harvest.
Gen. xlv. 6.
Earl (?), n. [OE.
eorl, erl, AS. eorl man, noble;
akin to OS. erl boy, man, Icel. jarl
nobleman, count, and possibly to Gr. / male, Zend
arshan man. Cf. Jarl.] A nobleman
of England ranking below a marquis, and above a viscount. The
rank of an earl corresponds to that of a count
(comte) in France, and graf in Germany.
Hence the wife of an earl is still called countess. See
Count.
Earl, n. (Zo\'94l.) The
needlefish. [Ireland]
Ear"lap` (?), n. The lobe of
the ear.
Earl"dom (?), n. [AS.
eorl-d/m; eorl man, noble +
-d/m -dom.]
1. The jurisdiction of an earl; the territorial
possessions of an earl.
2. The status, title, or dignity of an earl.
He [Pulteney] shrunk into insignificancy and an
earldom.
Chesterfield.
Earl"dor*man (?), n.
Alderman. [Obs.]
Earl"duck` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) The red-breasted merganser
(Merganser serrator).
Earles" pen`ny (?). [Cf. Arles,
4th Earnest.] Earnest money. Same as
Arles penny. [Obs.]
Ear"less (?), a. Without ears;
hence, deaf or unwilling to hear.
Pope.
Ear"let (?), n. [Ear
+ -let.] An earring.
[Obs.]
The Ismaelites were accustomed to wear golden
earlets.
Judg. viii. 24 (Douay version).
Ear"li*ness (?), n. The state
of being early or forward; promptness.
Earl" mar"shal (?). An officer of state in
England who marshals and orders all great ceremonials, takes
cognizance of matters relating to honor, arms, and pedigree, and
directs the proclamation of peace and war. The court of chivalry
was formerly under his jurisdiction, and he is still the head of
the herald's office or college of arms.
Ear"lock` (?), n. [AS.
e\'a0r-locca.] A lock or curl of hair near
the ear; a lovelock. See Lovelock.
Ear"ly (?), adv. [OE.
erli, erliche, AS. /rl\'c6ce;
/r sooner + l\'c6c like. See
Ere, and Like.] Soon; in good
season; seasonably; betimes; as, come
early.
Those that me early shall find me.
Prov. viii. 17.
You must wake and call me early.
Tennyson.
Ear"ly, a. [Compar.
Earlier (?); superl.
Earliest.] [OE. earlich.
////. See Early, adv.]
1. In advance of the usual or appointed time; in
good season; prior in time; among or near the first; -- opposed
to late; as, the early bird; an
early spring; early fruit.
Early and provident fear is the mother of
safety.
Burke.
The doorsteps and threshold with the early grass
springing up about them.
Hawthorne.
2. Coming in the first part of a period of time, or
among the first of successive acts, events, etc.
Seen in life's early morning sky.
Keble.
The forms of its earlier manhood.
Longfellow.
The earliest poem he composed was in his
seventeenth summer.
J. C. Shairp.
Early English (Philol.) See the
Note under English. -- Early English
architecture, the first of the pointed or Gothic styles
used in England, succeeding the Norman style in the 12th and 13th
centuries.
Syn. -- Forward; timely; not late; seasonable.
Ear"mark` (?), n. 1. A
mark on the ear of sheep, oxen, dogs, etc., as by cropping or
slitting.
2. A mark for identification; a distinguishing
mark.
Money is said to have no earmark.
Wharton.
Flying, he [a slave] should be described by the rounding of
his head, and his earmark.
Robynson (More's Utopia).
A set of intellectual ideas . . . have earmarks
upon them, no tokens of a particular proprietor.
Burrow.
Ear"mark`, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Earmarked (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Earmarking.] To mark, as
sheep, by cropping or slitting the ear.
Earn (?), n. (Zo\'94l.)
See Ern, n.
Sir W. Scott.
Earn (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Earned (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Earning.]
[AS. earnian; akin to OHG. arn/n to
reap, aran harvest, G. ernte, Goth.
asans harvest, asneis hireling, AS.
esne; cf. Icel. \'94nn working season,
work.]
1. To merit or deserve, as by labor or service; to
do that which entitles one to (a reward, whether the reward is
received or not).
The high repute
Which he through hazard huge must earn.
Milton.
2. To acquire by labor, service, or performance; to
deserve and receive as compensation or wages; as, to
earn a good living; to earn honors or
laurels.
I earn that [what] I eat.
Shak.
The bread I have earned by the hazard of my life or
the sweat of my brow.
Burke.
Earned run (Baseball), a run which
is made without the assistance of errors on the opposing
side.
Syn. -- See Obtain.
Earn (?), v. t. & i. [See 1st
Yearn.] To grieve. [Obs.]
Earn, v. i. [See 4th
Yearn.] To long; to yearn.
[Obs.]
And ever as he rode, his heart did earn
To prove his puissance in battle brave.
Spenser.
Earn, v. i. [AS. irnan to
run. ///. See Rennet, and cf.
Yearnings.] To curdle, as milk.
[Prov. Eng.]
Ear"nest (?), n. [AS.
eornost, eornest; akin to OHG.
ernust, G. ernst; cf. Icel.
orrosta battle, perh. akin to Gr. / to excite, L.
oriri to rise.] Seriousness; reality; fixed
determination; eagerness; intentness.
Take heed that this jest do not one day turn to
earnest.
Sir P. Sidney.
And given in earnest what I begged in jest.
Shak.
In earnest, serious; seriously; not in jest;
earnestly.
Ear"nest, a. 1. Ardent in the
pursuit of an object; eager to obtain or do; zealous with
sincerity; with hearty endeavor; heartfelt; fervent; hearty; --
used in a good sense; as, earnest
prayers.
An earnest advocate to plead for him.
Shak.
2. Intent; fixed closely; as, earnest
attention.
3. Serious; important. [Obs.]
They whom earnest lets do often hinder.
Hooker.
Syn. -- Eager; warm; zealous; ardent; animated; importunate;
fervent; sincere; serious; hearty; urgent. See
Eager.
Ear"nest, v. t. To use in earnest.
[R.]
To earnest them [our arms] with men.
Pastor Fido (1602).
Ear"nest, n. [Prob. corrupted fr. F.
arrhes, L. arra, arrha,
arrhabo, Gr. /, of Semitic origin, cf. Heb.
/r\'bev/n; or perh. fr. W. ernes, akin
to Gael. earlas, perh. fr. L. arra. Cf.
Arles, Earles penny.]
1. Something given, or a part paid beforehand, as a
pledge; pledge; handsel; a token of what is to come.
Who hath also sealed us, and given the earnest of
the Spirit in our hearts.
2 Cor. i. 22.
And from his coffers
Received the golden earnest of our death.
Shak.
2. (Law) Something of value given by the
buyer to the seller, by way of token or pledge, to bind the
bargain and prove the sale.
Kent. Ayliffe. Benjamin.
Earnest money (Law), money paid as
earnest, to bind a bargain or to ratify and prove a
sale.
Syn. -- Earnest, Pledge.
These words are here compared as used in their figurative
sense. Earnest is not so strong as pledge.
An earnest, like first fruits, gives assurance, or at
least a high probability, that more is coming of the same kind; a
pledge, like money deposited, affords security and
ground of reliance for the future. Washington gave
earnest of his talent as commander by saving his
troops after Braddock's defeat; his fortitude and that of his
soldiers during the winter at Valley Forge might rightly be
considered a pledge of their ultimate triumph.
Ear"nest*ful (?), a.
Serious. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Ear"nest*ly, adv. In an earnest
manner.
Ear"nest*ness, n. The state or quality
of being earnest; intentness; anxiety.
An honest earnestness in the young man's
manner.
W. Irving.
Earn"ful (?), a. [From
Earn to yearn.] Full of anxiety or
yearning. [Obs.]
P. Fletcher.
Earn"ing, n.; pl. Earnings
(/). That which is earned; wages gained by
work or services; money earned; -- used commonly in the
plural.
As to the common people, their stock is in their persons and
in their earnings.
Burke.
Ear"pick` (?), n. An instrument
for removing wax from the ear.
Ear"-pier`cer (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) The earwig.
Ear"reach` (?), n.
Earshot.
Marston.
Ear"ring` (?), n. An ornament
consisting of a ring passed through the lobe of the ear, with or
without a pendant.
Earsh (?), n. See
Arrish.
Ear"-shell` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) A flattened marine univalve shell of
the genus Haliotis; -- called also
sea-ear. See Abalone.
<-- p. 466 -->
Ear"shot` (?), n. Reach of the
ear; distance at which words may be heard.
Dryden.
Ear"shrift` (?), n. A nickname
for auricular confession; shrift. [Obs.]
Cartwright.
Ear"sore` (?), n. An annoyance
to the ear. [R.]
The perpetual jangling of the chimes . . . is no small
earsore /s.
Sir T. Browne.
Ear"-split`ting (?), a.
Deafening; disagreeably loud or shrill; as,
ear-splitting strains.
Earst (?), adv. See
Erst. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Earth (?), n. [AS.
eor/e; akin to OS. ertha, OFries.
irthe, D. aarde, OHG. erda, G.
erde, Icel. j\'94r/, Sw. & Dan.
jord, Goth. a\'c6rpa, OHG. ero,
Gr. /, adv., to earth, and perh. to E. ear to
plow.]
1. The globe or planet which we inhabit; the world,
in distinction from the sun, moon, or stars. Also, this world as
the dwelling place of mortals, in distinction from the dwelling
place of spirits.
That law preserves the earth a sphere
And guides the planets in their course.
S. Rogers.
In heaven, or earth, or under earth, in
hell.
Milton.
2. The solid materials which make up the globe, in
distinction from the air or water; the dry land.
God called the dry land earth.
Gen. i. 10.
He is pure air and fire, and the dull elements of
earth and water never appear in him.
Shak.
3. The softer inorganic matter composing part of
the surface of the globe, in distinction from the firm rock; soil
of all kinds, including gravel, clay, loam, and the like;
sometimes, soil favorable to the growth of plants; the visible
surface of the globe; the ground; as, loose earth;
rich earth.
Give him a little earth for charity.
Shak.
4. A part of this globe; a region; a country;
land.
Would I had never trod this English earth.
Shak.
5. Worldly things, as opposed to spiritual things;
the pursuits, interests, and allurements of this life.
Our weary souls by earth beguiled.
Keble.
6. The people on the globe.
The whole earth was of one language.
Gen. xi. 1.
7. (Chem.) (a) Any
earthy-looking metallic oxide, as alumina, glucina, zirconia,
yttria, and thoria. (b) A similar oxide,
having a slight alkaline reaction, as lime, magnesia, strontia,
baryta.
8. A hole in the ground, where an animal hides
himself; as, the earth of a fox.
Macaulay.
They [ferrets] course the poor conies out of their
earths.
Holland.
Earth is used either adjectively or in
combination to form compound words; as, earth apple or
earth-apple; earth metal or
earth-metal; earth closet or
earth-closet.
Adamic earth, Bitter earth,
Bog earth, Chian earth, etc. See
under Adamic, Bitter, etc. --
Alkaline earths. See under Alkaline.
-- Earth apple. (Bot.) (a) A
potato. (b) A cucumber. -- Earth
auger, a form of auger for boring into the ground; --
called also earth borer. -- Earth
bath, a bath taken by immersing the naked body in earth
for healing purposes. -- Earth battery
(Physics), a voltaic battery the elements of which
are buried in the earth to be acted on by its moisture. --
Earth chestnut, the pignut. -- Earth
closet, a privy or commode provided with dry earth or a
similar substance for covering and deodorizing the f\'91cal
discharges. -- Earth dog (Zo\'94l.),
a dog that will dig in the earth, or enter holes of foxes,
etc. -- Earth hog, Earth
pig (Zo\'94l.), the aard-vark.
-- Earth hunger, an intense desire to own land,
or, in the case of nations, to extend their domain. --
Earth light (Astron.), the light
reflected by the earth, as upon the moon, and corresponding to
moonlight; -- called also earth shine.
Sir J. Herschel. -- Earth metal. See 1st
Earth, 7. (Chem.) -- Earth
oil, petroleum. -- Earth
pillars pyramids (Geol.),
high pillars or pyramids of earth, sometimes capped with a
single stone, found in Switzerland. Lyell. --
Earth pitch (Min.), mineral tar, a kind
of asphaltum. -- Earth quadrant, a fourth of
the earth's circumference. -- Earth table
(Arch.), the lowest course of stones visible in a
building; the ground table. -- On earth, an
intensive expression, oftenest used in questions and
exclamations; as, What on earth shall I do? Nothing
on earth will satisfy him.
[Colloq.]
Earth (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Earthed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Earthing.]
1. To hide, or cause to hide, in the earth; to
chase into a burrow or den. \'bdThe fox is
earthed.\'b8
Dryden.
2. To cover with earth or mold; to inter; to bury;
-- sometimes with up.
The miser earths his treasure, and the thief,
Watching the mole, half beggars him ere noon.
Young.
Why this in earthing up a carcass?
R. Blair.
Earth, v. i. To burrow.
Tickell.
Earth, n. [From Ear to
plow.] A plowing. [Obs.]
Such land as ye break up for barley to sow,
Two earths at the least, ere ye sow it, bestow.
Tusser.
Earth"bag` (?), n. (Mil.)
A bag filled with earth, used commonly to raise or repair a
parapet.
Earth"bank` (?), n. A bank or
mound of earth.
Earth"board` (?), n.
(Agric.) The part of a plow, or other implement,
that turns over the earth; the moldboard.
Earth"born` (?), a. 1.
Born of the earth; terrigenous; springing originally from
the earth; human.
Some earthborn giant.
Milton.
2. Relating to, or occasioned by, earthly
objects.
All earthborn cares are wrong.
Goldsmith.
Earth"bred` (?), a. Low;
grovelling; vulgar.
Earth"din` (?), n. An
earthquake. [Obs.]
Earth"drake` (?), n. A mythical
monster of the early Anglo-Saxon literature; a dragon.
W. Spalding.
Earth"en (?), a. Made of earth;
made of burnt or baked clay, or other like substances; as, an
earthen vessel or pipe.
Earth"en-heart`ed (?), a.
Hard-hearted; sordid; gross. [Poetic]
Lowell.
Earth"en*ware` (?), n. Vessels
and other utensils, ornaments, or the like, made of baked clay.
See Crockery, Pottery, Stoneware, and
Porcelain.
Earth" flax` (?). (Min.) A
variety of asbestus. See Amianthus.
Earth"fork` (?), n. A pronged
fork for turning up the earth.
Earth"i*ness (?), n. The
quality or state of being earthy, or of containing earth; hence,
grossness.
Earth"li*ness (?), n. The
quality or state of being earthly; worldliness; grossness;
perishableness.
Earth"ling (?), n.
[Earth + -ling.] An
inhabitant of the earth; a mortal.
Earthings oft her deemed a deity.
Drummond.
Earth"ly, a. 1. Pertaining to
the earth; belonging to this world, or to man's existence on the
earth; not heavenly or spiritual; carnal; worldly; as,
earthly joys; earthly flowers; earthly
praise.
This earthly load
Of death, called life.
Milton.
Whose glory is in their shame, who mind earthly
things.
Phil. iii. 19.
2. Of all things on earth; possible;
conceivable.
What earthly benefit can be the result?
Pope.
3. Made of earth; earthy. [Obs.]
Holland.
Syn. -- Gross; material; sordid; mean; base; vile; low;
unsubstantial; temporary; corrupt; groveling.
Earth"ly, adv. In the manner of the
earth or its people; worldly.
Took counsel from his guiding eyes
To make this wisdom earthly wise.
Emerson.
Earth"ly-mind`ed (?), a. Having
a mind devoted to earthly things; worldly-minded; -- opposed to
spiritual-minded. --
Earth"ly-mind`ed*ness,
n.
Earth"mad` (?), n.
[Earth + mad an earthworm.]
(Zo\'94l.) The earthworm.
[Obs.]
The earthmads and all the sorts of worms . . . are
without eyes.
Holland.
Earth"nut` (?), n. (Bot.)
A name given to various roots, tubers, or pods grown under
or on the ground; as to: (a) The esculent
tubers of the umbelliferous plants Bunium flexuosum
and Carum Bulbocastanum. (b) The
peanut. See Peanut.
Earth"pea` (?), n. (Bot.)
A species of pea (Amphicarp\'91a monoica). It is
a climbing leguminous plant, with hairy underground pods.
Earth"quake` (?), n. A shaking,
trembling, or concussion of the earth, due to subterranean
causes, often accompanied by a rumbling noise. The wave of shock
sometimes traverses half a hemisphere, destroying cities and many
thousand lives; -- called also earthdin,
earthquave, and
earthshock.<-- also temblor, tremor -->
Earthquake alarm, a bell signal constructed to
operate on the theory that a few seconds before the occurrence of
an earthquake the magnet temporarily loses its power.
Earth"quake`, a. Like, or characteristic
of, an earthquake; loud; starling.
The earthquake voice of victory.
Byron.
Earth"quave` (?), n. An
earthquake.
Earth" shine` (?). See Earth
light, under Earth.
Earth"shock` (?), n. An
earthquake.
Earth"star` (?), n.
(Bot.) A curious fungus of the genus
Geaster, in which the outer coating splits into the
shape of a star, and the inner one forms a ball containing the
dustlike spores.
Earth"-tongue` (?), n.
(Bot.) A fungus of the genus
Geoglossum.
{ Earth"ward (?), Earth"wards
(/), } adv. Toward the earth; --
opposed to heavenward or skyward.
Earth"work` (?), n. 1.
(Mil.) Any construction, whether a temporary
breastwork or permanent fortification, for attack or defense, the
material of which is chiefly earth.
2. (Engin.) (a) The operation
connected with excavations and embankments of earth in preparing
foundations of buildings, in constructing canals, railroads,
etc. (b) An embankment or construction made
of earth.
Earth"worm` (?), n. 1.
(Zo\'94l.) Any worm of the genus
Lumbricus and allied genera, found in damp soil. One
of the largest and most abundant species in Europe and America is
L. terrestris; many others are known; -- called also
angleworm and
dewworm.
2. A mean, sordid person; a niggard.
Norris.
Earth"y (?), a. 1.
Consisting of, or resembling, earth; terrene; earthlike;
as, earthy matter.
How pale she looks,
And of an earthy cold!
Shak.
All over earthy, like a piece of earth.
Tennyson.
2. Of or pertaining to the earth or to, this world;
earthly; terrestrial; carnal. [R.] \'bdTheir
earthy charge.\'b8
Milton.
The first man is of the earth, earthy; the second
man is from heaven. As is the earthy, such are they also that are
earthy.
1 Cor. xv. 47, 48 (Rev. Ver. )
Earthy spirits black and envious are.
Dryden.
3. Gross; low; unrefined. \'bdHer
earthy and abhorred commands.\'b8
Shak.
4. (Min.) Without luster, or dull and
roughish to the touch; as, an earthy
fracture.
Ear"wax` (?), n. (Anat.)
See Cerumen.
Ear"wig` (?), n. [AS.
e\'a0rwicga; e\'a0re ear + wicga
beetle, worm: cf. Prov. E. erri-wiggle.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Any insect of the genus
Forticula and related genera, belonging to the order
Euplexoptera.
2. (Zo\'94l.) In America, any small
chilopodous myriapod, esp. of the genus
Geophilus.
3. A whisperer of insinuations; a secret
counselor.
Johnson.
Ear"wig` (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Earwigged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Earwigging
(?).] To influence, or attempt to
influence, by whispered insinuations or private talk.
\'bdNo longer was he earwigged by the Lord
Cravens.\'b8
Lord Campbell.
Ear"wit`ness (?), n. A witness
by means of his ears; one who is within hearing and does hear; a
hearer.
Fuller.
Ease (?), n. [OE.
ese, eise, F. aise; akin to Pr.
ais, aise, OIt. asio, It.
agio; of uncertain origin; cf. L. ansa
handle, occasion, opportunity. Cf. Agio,
Disease.]
1. Satisfaction; pleasure; hence, accommodation;
entertainment. [Obs.]
They him besought
Of harbor and or ease as for hire penny.
Chaucer.
2. Freedom from anything that pains or troubles;
as: (a) Relief from labor or effort; rest; quiet;
relaxation; as, ease of body.
Usefulness comes by labor, wit by ease.
Herbert.
Give yourself ease from the fatigue of
watching.
Swift.
(b) Freedom from care, solicitude, or anything that
annoys or disquiets; tranquillity; peace; comfort; security; as,
ease of mind.
Among these nations shalt thou find no ease.
Deut. xxviii. 65.
Take thine ease, eat, drink, and be merry.
Luke xii. 19.
(c) Freedom from constraint, formality, difficulty,
embarrassment, etc.; facility; liberty; naturalness; -- said of
manner, style, etc.; as, ease of style, of behavior,
of address.
True ease in writing comes from art, not
chance.
Pope.
Whate'er he did was done with so much ease,
In him alone 't was natural to please.
Dryden.
At ease, free from pain, trouble, or anxiety.
\'bdHis soul shall dwell at ease.\'b8 Ps. xxv.
12. -- Chapel of ease. See under
Chapel. -- Ill at ease, not at ease,
disquieted; suffering; anxious. -- To stand at
ease (Mil.), to stand in a comfortable
attitude in one's place in the ranks. -- With
ease, easily; without much effort.
Syn. -- Rest; quiet; repose; comfortableness; tranquility;
facility; easiness; readiness.
Ease (?), v. t. & i.
[imp. & p. p. Eased (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Easing.]
[OE. esen, eisen, OF.
aisier. See Ease, n.]
1. To free from anything that pains, disquiets, or
oppresses; to relieve from toil or care; to give rest, repose, or
tranquility to; -- often with of; as, to
ease of pain; ease the body or mind.
Eased [from] the putting off
These troublesome disguises which we wear.
Milton.
Sing, and I 'll ease thy shoulders of thy load.
Dryden.
2. To render less painful or oppressive; to
mitigate; to alleviate.
My couch shall ease my complaint.
Job vii. 13.
3. To release from pressure or restraint; to move
gently; to lift slightly; to shift a little; as, to
ease a bar or nut in machinery.
4. To entertain; to furnish with
accommodations. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
To ease off, To ease away
(Naut.), to slacken a rope gradually. --
To ease a ship (Naut.), to put the helm
hard, or regulate the sail, to prevent pitching when
closehauled. -- To ease the helm
(Naut.), to put the helm more nearly amidships, to
lessen the effect on the ship, or the strain on the wheel
rope.
Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Syn. -- To relieve; disburden; quiet; calm; tranquilize;
assuage; alleviate; allay; mitigate; appease; pacify.
Ease"ful (?), a. Full of ease;
suitable for affording ease or rest; quiet; comfortable;
restful. Shak. -- Ease"ful*ly,
adv. -- Ease"ful*ness,
n.
Ea"sel (?), n. [D.
ezel ass, donkey, hence, easel, or G. esel;
akin to E. ass. See Ass.] A frame
(commonly) of wood serving to hold a canvas upright, or nearly
upright, for the painter's convenience or for exhibition.
Easel picture, Easel
piece, a painting of moderate size such as is
made while resting on an easel, as distinguished from a painting
on a wall or ceiling.
Ease"less (?), a. Without
ease.
Donne.
Ease"ment (?), n. [OF.
aisement. See Ease, n.]
1. That which gives ease, relief, or assistance;
convenience; accommodation.
In need of every kind of relief and easement.
Burke.
2. (Law) A liberty, privilege, or
advantage, which one proprietor has in the estate of another
proprietor, distinct from the ownership of the soil, as a way,
water course, etc. It is a species of what the civil law calls
servitude.
Kent.
3. (Arch.) A curved member instead of an
abrupt change of direction, as in a baseboard, hand rail,
etc.
Eas"i*ly (?), adv. [From
Easy.]
1. With ease; without difficulty or much effort;
as, this task may be easily performed; that event
might have been easily foreseen.
2. Without pain, anxiety, or disturbance; as,
to pass life well and easily.
Sir W. Temple.
3. Readily; without reluctance; willingly.
Not soon provoked, she easily forgives.
Prior.
<-- p. 467 -->
4. Smoothly; quietly; gently; gracefully; without
/umult or discord.
5. Without shaking or jolting; commodiously;
as, a carriage moves easily.
Eas"i*ness (?), n. 1.
The state or condition of being easy; freedom from distress;
rest.
2. Freedom from difficulty; ease; as the
easiness of a task.
3. Freedom from emotion; compliance; disposition to
yield without opposition; unconcernedness.
Give to him, and he shall but laugh at your
easiness.
South.
4. Freedom from effort, constraint, or formality;
-- said of style, manner, etc.
With painful care, but seeming easiness.
Roscommon.
5. Freedom from jolting, jerking, or
straining.
East (?), n. [OE.
est, east, AS. e\'a0st; akin to
D. oost, oosten, OHG. /stan,
G. ost, osten, Icel. austr, Sw.
ost, Dan. \'94st, \'94sten,
Lith. auszra dawn, L. aurora (for
ausosa), Gr. /, /, /, Skr. ushas; cf.
Skr. ush to burn, L. urere. ////,
///. Cf. Aurora, Easter,
Sterling.]
1. The point in the heavens where the sun is seen
to rise at the equinox, or the corresponding point on the earth;
that one of the four cardinal points of the compass which is in a
direction at right angles to that of north and south, and which
is toward the right hand of one who faces the north; the point
directly opposite to the west.
The east began kindle.
E. Everett.
2. The eastern parts of the earth; the regions or
countries which lie east of Europe; the orient. In this
indefinite sense, the word is applied to Asia Minor, Syria,
Chaldea, Persia, India, China, etc.; as, the riches of the
East; the diamonds and pearls of the East; the
kings of the East.
The gorgeous East, with richest hand,
Showers on her kings barbaric pearl and gold.
Milton.
3. (U. S. Hist. and Geog.) Formerly, the
part of the United States east of the Alleghany Mountains, esp.
the Eastern, or New England, States; now, commonly, the whole
region east of the Mississippi River, esp. that which is north of
Maryland and the Ohio River; -- usually with the definite
article; as, the commerce of the East is not
independent of the agriculture of the West.
East by north, East by
south, according to the notation of the
mariner's compass, that point which lies 11// to the north or
south, respectively, of the point due east. --
East-northeast,
East-southeast, that which lie 22// to
the north or south of east, or half way between east and
northeast or southeast, respectively. See Illust. of
Compass.
East (?), a. Toward the rising
sun; or toward the point where the sun rises when in the
equinoctial; as, the east gate; the east
border; the east side; the east wind is a wind
that blows from the east.
East, adv. Eastward.
East, v. i. To move toward the east; to
veer from the north or south toward the east; to orientate.
Eas"ter (?), n. [AS.
e\'a0ster, e\'a0stran, paschal feast,
Easter; akin to G. ostern; fr. AS.
E\'a0stre, a goddess of light or spring, in honor of
whom a festival was celebrated in April; whence this month was
called in AS. E\'a0sterm/na/. From the root of E.
east. See East.]
1. An annual church festival commemorating Christ's
resurrection, and occurring on Sunday, the second day after Good
Friday. It corresponds to the pasha or passover of the Jews, and
most nations still give it this name under the various forms of
pascha, pasque, p\'83que, or
pask.
2. The day on which the festival is observed;
Easter day.
Easter is used either adjectively or as
the first element of a compound; as, Easter day or
Easter-day, Easter Sunday,
Easter week, Easter gifts.
Sundays by thee more glorious break,
An Easter day in every week.
Keble.
Easter day, on which the rest of the
movable feasts depend, is always the first Sunday after the
fourteenth day of the calendar moon which (fourteenth day) falls
on, or next after, the 21st of March, according to the rules laid
down for the construction of the calendar; so that if the
fourteenth day happen on a Sunday, Easter day is the Sunday
after.
Eng. Cyc.
Easter dues (Ch. of Eng.), money
due to the clergy at Easter, formerly paid in communication of
the tithe for personal labor and subject to exaction. For
Easter dues, Easter offerings, voluntary gifts, have
been substituted. -- Easter egg. (a)
A painted or colored egg used as a present at Easter.
(b) An imitation of an egg, in sugar or some fine
material, sometimes made to serve as a box for jewelry or the
like, used as an Easter present.
East"er (?), v. i.
(Naut.) To veer to the east; -- said of the
wind.
Russell.
East"er*ling (?), n. [Cf.
Sterling.]
1. A native of a country eastward of another; --
used, by the English, of traders or others from the coasts of the
Baltic.
Merchants of Norway, Denmark, . . . called . . .
Easterlings because they lie east in respect of
us.
Holinshed.
2. A piece of money coined in the east by Richard
II. of England.
Crabb.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The smew.
East"er*ling, a. Relating to the money
of the Easterlings, or Baltic traders. See
Sterling.
East"er*ly, a. 1. Coming from
the east; as, it was easterly wind.
2. Situated, directed, or moving toward the east;
as, the easterly side of a lake; an
easterly course or voyage.
East"er*ly, adv. Toward, or in the
direction of, the east.
East"ern (?), a. [AS.
e\'a0stern.]
1. Situated or dwelling in the east; oriental;
as, an eastern gate; Eastern
countries.
Eastern churches first did Christ embrace.
Stirling.
2. Going toward the east, or in the direction of
east; as, an eastern voyage.
Eastern Church. See Greek Church,
under Greek.
East"ern*most` (?), a. Most
eastern.
East" In"di*an (?; see Indian).
Belonging to, or relating to, the East Indies. --
n. A native of, or a dweller in, the East
Indies.
East"ing, n. (Naut. & Surv.)
The distance measured toward the east between two meridians
drawn through the extremities of a course; distance of departure
eastward made by a vessel.
East`-in"su*lar (?), a.
Relating to the Eastern Islands; East Indian.
[R.]
Ogilvie.
{ East"ward (?), East"wards
(?), } adv. Toward the east; in
the direction of east from some point or place; as, New Haven
lies eastward from New York.
Eas"y (?), a.
[Compar. Easier (?);
superl. Easiest.] [OF.
aisi\'82, F. ais\'82, prop. p. p. of OF.
aisier. See Ease, v. t.]
1. At ease; free from pain, trouble, or constraint;
as: (a) Free from pain, distress, toil, exertion, and
the like; quiet; as, the patient is easy.
(b) Free from care, responsibility, discontent, and the
like; not anxious; tranquil; as, an easy mind.
(c) Free from constraint, harshness, or formality;
unconstrained; smooth; as, easy manners; an
easy style. \'bdThe easy vigor of
a line.\'b8
Pope.
2. Not causing, or attended with, pain or disquiet,
or much exertion; affording ease or rest; as, an
easy carriage; a ship having an easy motion;
easy movements, as in dancing.
\'bdEasy ways to die.\'b8
Shak.
3. Not difficult; requiring little labor or effort;
slight; inconsiderable; as, an easy task; an
easy victory.
It were an easy leap.
Shak.
4. Causing ease; giving freedom from care or labor;
furnishing comfort; commodious; as, easy
circumstances; an easy chair or cushion.
5. Not making resistance or showing unwillingness;
tractable; yielding; complying; ready.
He gained their easy hearts.
Dryden.
He is too tyrannical to be an easy monarch.
Sir W. Scott.
6. Moderate; sparing; frugal.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
7. (Com.) Not straitened as to money
matters; as, the market is easy; -- opposed to
tight.
Honors are easy (Card Playing),
said when each side has an equal number of honors, in which
case they are not counted as points.
Syn. -- Quiet; comfortable; manageable; tranquil; calm;
facile; unconcerned.
Eas"y-chair` (?), n. An
armichair for ease or repose. \'bdLaugh . . . in Rabelais'
easy-chair.\'b8
Pope.
Eas"y-go`ing (?), a. Moving
easily; hence, mild-tempered; ease-loving; inactive.
Eat (?), v. t.
[imp. Ate (?; 277),
Obsolescent & Colloq. Eat (/);
p. p. Eaten (?), Obs. or
Colloq. Eat (/); p. pr. & vb. n.
Eating.] [OE. eten, AS.
etan; akin to OS. etan, OFries.
eta, D. eten, OHG. ezzan, G.
essen, Icel. eta, Sw. \'84ta,
Dan. \'91de, Goth. itan, Ir. & Gael.
ith, W. ysu, L. edere, Gr. /,
Skr. ad. //. Cf. Etch, Fret to
rub, Edible.]
1. To chew and swallow as food; to devour; -- said
especially of food not liquid; as, to eat
bread. \'bdTo eat grass as oxen.\'b8
Dan. iv. 25.
They . . . ate the sacrifices of the dead.
Ps. cvi. 28.
The lean . . . did eat up the first seven fat
kine.
Gen. xli. 20.
The lion had not eaten the carcass.
1 Kings xiii. 28.
With stories told of many a feat,
How fairy Mab junkets eat.
Milton.
The island princes overbold
Have eat our substance.
Tennyson.
His wretched estate is eaten up with mortgages.
Thackeray.
2. To corrode, as metal, by rust; to consume the
flesh, as a cancer; to waste or wear away; to destroy gradually;
to cause to disappear.
To eat humble pie. See under
Humble. -- To eat of
(partitive use). \'bdEat of the
bread that can not waste.\'b8 Keble. -- To eat
one's words, to retract what one has said. (See
the Citation under Blurt.) -- To eat out,
to consume completely. \'bdEat out the heart and
comfort of it.\'b8 Tillotson. -- To eat the
wind out of a vessel (Naut.), to gain slowly
to windward of her.
Syn. -- To consume; devour; gnaw; corrode.
Eat, v. i. 1. To take food; to
feed; especially, to take solid, in distinction from liquid,
food; to board.
He did eat continually at the king's table.
2 Sam. ix. 13.
2. To taste or relish; as, it eats
like tender beef.
3. To make one's way slowly.
To eat, To eat in into, to make way by corrosion; to gnaw; to
consume. \'bdA sword laid by, which eats into
itself.\'b8 Byron. -- To eat to windward
(Naut.), to keep the course when closehauled with
but little steering; -- said of a vessel.
Eat"a*ble (?), a. Capable of
being eaten; fit to be eaten; proper for food; esculent;
edible. -- n. Something fit to be
eaten.
Eat"age (?; 48), n. Eatable
growth of grass for horses and cattle, esp. that of
aftermath.
Eat"er (?), n. One who, or that
which, eats.
Eath (?), a. & adv. [AS.
e\'a0/e.] Easy or easily.
[Obs.] \'bdEath to move with plaints.\'b8
Fairfax.
Eat"ing (?), n. 1. The
act of tasking food; the act of consuming or corroding.
2. Something fit to be eaten; food; as, a peach
is good eating. [Colloq.]
Eating house, a house where cooked provisions
are sold, to be eaten on the premises.
\'d8Eau` de Co*logne" (?). [F.
eau water (L. aqua) + de of +
Cologne.] Same as Cologne.
\'d8Eau` de vie" (?). [F., water of life;
eau (L. aqua) water + de of +
vie (L. vita) life.] French name
for brandy. Cf. Aqua vit\'91, under
Aqua.
Bescherelle.
Eave"drop` (?), n. A drop from
the eaves; eavesdrop. [R.]
Tennyson.
Eaves (?), n. pl. [OE.
evese, pl. eveses, AS. efese
eaves, brim, brink; akin to OHG. obisa,
opasa, porch, hall, MHG. obse eaves, Icel.
ups, Goth. ubizwa porch; cf. Icel.
upsar-dropi, OSw. ops\'84-drup water
dropping from the eaves. Probably from the root of E.
over. The s of eaves is in
English regarded as a plural ending, though not so in Saxon. See
Over, and cf. Eavesdrop.]
1. (Arch.) The edges or lower borders of
the roof of a building, which overhang the walls, and cast off
the water that falls on the roof.
2. Brow; ridge. [Obs.]
\'bdEaves of the hill.\'b8
Wyclif.
3. Eyelids or eyelashes.
And closing eaves of wearied eyes.
Tennyson.
Eaves board (Arch.), an arris
fillet, or a thick board with a feather edge, nailed across the
rafters at the eaves of a building, to raise the lower course of
slates a little, or to receive the lowest course of tiles; --
called also eaves catch and eaves
lath. -- Eaves channel,
Eaves gutter, Eaves trough. Same
as Gutter, 1. -- Eaves molding
(Arch.), a molding immediately below the eaves,
acting as a cornice or part of a cornice. -- Eaves
swallow (Zo\'94l.). (a) The cliff
swallow; -- so called from its habit of building retort-shaped
nests of mud under the eaves of buildings. See Cliff
swallow, under Cliff. (b) The
European swallow.
Eaves"drop` (?), v. i.
[Eaves + drop.] To stand
under the eaves, near a window or at the door, of a house, to
listen and learn what is said within doors; hence, to listen
secretly to what is said in private.
To eavesdrop in disguises.
Milton.
Eaves"drop`, n. The water which falls in
drops from the eaves of a house.
Eaves"drop`per (?), n. One who
stands under the eaves, or near the window or door of a house, to
listen; hence, a secret listener.
Eaves"drop`ping (?), n.
(Law) The habit of lurking about dwelling houses,
and other places where persons meet fro private intercourse,
secretly listening to what is said, and then tattling it abroad.
The offense is indictable at common law.
Wharton.
Ebb (?), n. (Zo\'94l.)
The European bunting.
Ebb, n. [AS. ebba; akin to
Fries. ebba, D. eb, ebbe, Dan. &
G. ebbe, Sw. ebb, cf. Goth.
ibuks backward; prob. akin to E.
even.]
1. The reflux or flowing back of the tide; the
return of the tidal wave toward the sea; -- opposed to
flood; as, the boats will go out on the
ebb.
Thou shoreless flood which in thy ebb and flow
Claspest the limits of morality!
Shelley.
2. The state or time of passing away; a falling
from a better to a worse state; low state or condition; decline;
decay. \'bdOur ebb of life.\'b8
Roscommon.
Painting was then at its lowest ebb.
Dryden.
Ebb and flow, the alternate ebb and flood of
the tide; often used figuratively.
This alternation between unhealthy activity and depression,
this ebb and flow of the industrial.
A. T. Hadley.
Ebb (?), v. i. [imp.
& p. p. Ebbed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Ebbing.] [AS.
ebbian; akin to D. & G. ebben, Dan.
ebbe. See 2d Ebb.]
1. To flow back; to return, as the water of a tide
toward the ocean; -- opposed to flow.
That Power who bids the ocean ebb and flow.
Pope.
2. To return or fall back from a better to a worse
state; to decline; to decay; to recede.
The hours of life ebb fast.
Blackmore.
Syn. -- To recede; retire; withdraw; decay; decrease; wane;
sink; lower.
Ebb, v. t. To cause to flow back.
[Obs.]
Ford.
Ebb, a. Receding; going out; falling;
shallow; low.
The water there is otherwise very low and ebb.
Holland.
Ebb" tide` (?). The reflux of tide water;
the retiring tide; -- opposed to flood tide.
E"bi*o*nite (?), n. [Heb.
ebyon\'c6m poor people.] (Eccl.
Hist.) One of a sect of heretics, in the first
centuries of the church, whose doctrine was a mixture of Judaism
and Christianity. They denied the divinity of Christ, regarding
him as an inspired messenger, and rejected much of the New
Testament.
E"bi*o*ni`tism (?), n. (Eccl.
Hist.) The system or doctrine of the Ebionites.
Eb"la*nin (?), n. (Chem.)
See Pyroxanthin.
Eb"lis (?), n. [Ar.
iblis.] (Moham. Myth.) The
prince of the evil spirits; Satan. [Written also
Eblees.]
Eb"on (?), a. 1.
Consisting of ebony.
2. Like ebony, especially in color; black;
dark.
Night, sable goddess! from her ebon throne.
Young.
Eb"on, n. Ebony.
[Poetic] \'bdFramed of ebon and
ivory.\'b8
Sir W. Scott.
Eb"on*ist (?), n. One who works
in ebony.
Eb"on*ite (?), n. (Chem.)
A hard, black variety of vulcanite. It may be cut and
polished, and is used for many small articles, as combs and
buttons, and for insulating material in electric apparatus.
Eb"on*ize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Ebonized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Ebonizing.] To make black, or stain
black, in imitation of ebony; as, to ebonize
wood.
Eb"on*y (?), n.; pl.
Ebonies (#). [F.
\'82b\'8ane, L. ebenus, fr. Gr. /; prob.
of Semitic origin; cf. Heb. hobn\'c6m, pl. Cf.
Ebon.] A hard, heavy, and durable wood, which
admits of a fine polish or gloss. The usual color is black, but
it also occurs red or green.
Diospyros reticulata, of the Mauritius. Other species
of the same genus (D. Ebenum, Melanoxylon,
etc.), furnish the ebony of the East Indies and Ceylon. The West
Indian green ebony is from a leguminous tree (Brya
Ebenus), and from the Exc\'91caria
glandulosa.
Eb"on*y, a. Made of ebony, or resembling
ebony; black; as, an ebony countenance.
This ebony bird beguiling my sad fancy into
smiling.
Poe.
E*brac"te*ate (?), a. [Pref.
e- + bracteate.] (Bot.)
Without bracts.
E*brac"te*o*late (?), a. [Pref.
e- + bracteolate.] (Bot.)
Without bracteoles, or little bracts; -- said of a pedicel
or flower stalk.
E*brau"ke (?), a. [L.
Hebraicus: cf. F. H\'82bra\'8bque.]
Hebrew. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
E*bri"e*ty (?), n.; pl.
Ebrieties (#). [L.
ebrietas, from. ebrius intoxicated: cf. F.
\'82bri\'82te. Cf. So/er.]
Drunkenness; intoxication by spirituous liquors;
inebriety. \'bdRuinous ebriety.\'b8
Cowper.
<-- p. 468 -->
E*bril"lade (?), n. [F.]
(Man.) A bridle check; a jerk of one rein, given
to a horse when he refuses to turn.
E`bri*os"i*ty (?), n. [L.
ebriositas, from ebriousus given to
drinking, fr. ebrius. See Ebriety.]
Addiction to drink; habitual drunkenness.
E"bri*ous (?), a. [L.
ebrius.] Inclined to drink to excess;
intoxicated; tipsy. [R.]
M. Collins.
E*bul"li*ate (?), v. i. To boil
or bubble up. [Obs.]
Prynne.
{ E*bul"lience (?; 106),
E*bul"lien*cy (?), } n. A
boiling up or over; effervescence.
Cudworth.
E*bul"lient (?), a. [L.
ebulliens, -entis, p. pr. of
ebullire to boil up, bubble up; e out, from
+ bullire to boil. See 1st Boil.]
Boiling up or over; hence, manifesting exhilaration or
excitement, as of feeling; effervescing.
\'bdEbullient with subtlety.\'b8
De Quincey.
The ebullient enthusiasm of the French.
Carlyle.
E*bul"li*o*scope (?), n. [L.
ebullire to boil up + -scope.]
(Phys. Chem.) An instrument for observing the
boiling point of liquids, especially for determining the
alcoholic strength of a mixture by the temperature at which it
boils.
Eb`ul*li"tion (?), n. [F.
\'82bullition, L. ebullitio, fr.
ebullire. See Ebullient.]
1. A boiling or bubbling up of a liquid; the motion
produced in a liquid by its rapid conversion into vapor.
2. Effervescence occasioned by fermentation or by
any other process which causes the liberation of a gas or an
a\'89riform fluid, as in the mixture of an acid with a carbonated
alkali. [Formerly written
bullition.]
3. A sudden burst or violent display; an outburst;
as, an ebullition of anger or ill temper.
Eb"ur*in (?), n. A composition
of dust of ivory or of bone with a cement; -- used for imitations
of valuable stones and in making moldings, seals, etc.
Knight.
E`bur*na"tion (?), n. [L.
eburnus of ivory, fr. ebur ivory: cf. F.
\'82burnation. See Ivory.]
(Med.) A condition of bone cartilage occurring in
certain diseases of these tissues, in which they acquire an
unnatural density, and come to resemble ivory.
E*bur"ne*an (?), a. [L.
eburneus, fr. ebur ivory. See
Ivory.] Made of or relating to ivory.
E*bur`ni*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
eburnus of ivory (fr. ebur ivory) +
facere to make.] The conversion of certain
substances into others which have the appearance or
characteristics of ivory.
Eb"ur*nine (?), a. Of or
pertaining to ivory. \'bd[She] read from tablet
eburnine.\'b8
Sir W. Scott.
\'d8E*car"di*nes (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. L. e out, without + cardo a
hinge.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of Brachiopoda;
the Lyopomata. See Brachiopoda.
\'d8\'90`car`t\'82" (?), n.
[F., prop. fr. \'82carter to reject,
discard.] A game at cards, played usually by two
persons, in which the players may discard any or all of the cards
dealt and receive others from the pack.
E*cau"date (?), a. [Pref.
e- + caudate.]
1. (Bot.) Without a tail or spur.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Tailless.
\'d8Ec*bal"li*um (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. /. See Ecbole.] (Bot.) A
genus of cucurbitaceous plants consisting of the single species
Ecballium agreste (or Elaterium), the
squirting cucumber. Its fruit, when ripe, bursts and violently
ejects its seeds, together with a mucilaginous juice, from which
elaterium, a powerful cathartic medicine, is prepared.
\'d8Ec"ba*sis (?), n. [L., fr.
Gr. / a going out, issue, or event; / out + / to go.]
(Rhet.) A figure in which the orator treats of
things according to their events consequences.
Ec*bat"ic (?), a. [See
Ecbasis.] (Gram.) Denoting a mere
result or consequence, as distinguished from telic,
which denotes intention or purpose; thus the phrase / /, if
rendered \'bdso that it was fulfilled,\'b8 is ecbatic;
if rendered \'bdin order that it might be.\'b8 etc.,
is telic.
\'d8Ec"bo*le (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. / a throwing out, a digression, fr. / to throw out; /
out of + / to throw.] (Rhet.) A
digression in which a person is introduced speaking his own
words.
Ec*bol"ic (?), n. [See
Ecbole.] (Med.) A drug, as ergot,
which by exciting uterine contractions promotes the expulsion of
the contents of the uterus.
Ec"bo*line (?; 104), n. [Gr.
/ a throwing out; / out + / to throw.]
(Chem.) An alkaloid constituting the active
principle of ergot; -- so named from its power of producing
abortion.
Ec`ca*le*o"bi*on (?), n. [Gr.
/ to call out (/ out of + / to call) + / life.]
A contrivance for hatching eggs by artificial heat.
\'d8Ec"ce ho"mo (?). [L., behold the man.
See John xix. 5.] (Paint.) A picture which
represents the Savior as given up to the people by Pilate, and
wearing a crown of thorns.
Ec*cen"tric (?), a. [F.
excentrique, formerly also spelled
eccentrique, fr. LL. eccentros out of the
center, eccentric, Gr. /; / out of + / center. See
Ex-, and Center, and cf.
Excentral.]
1. Deviating or departing from the center, or from
the line of a circle; as, an eccentric or elliptical
orbit; pertaining to deviation from the center or from true
circular motion.
2. Not having the same center; -- said of circles,
ellipses, spheres, etc., which, though coinciding, either in
whole or in part, as to area or volume, have not the same center;
-- opposed to concentric.
3. (Mach.) Pertaining to an eccentric;
as, the eccentric rod in a steam engine.
4. Not coincident as to motive or end.
His own ends, which must needs be often eccentric
to those of his master.
Bacon.
5. Deviating from stated methods, usual practice,
or established forms or laws; deviating from an appointed sphere
or way; departing from the usual course; irregular; anomalous;
odd; as, eccentric conduct. \'bdThis
brave and eccentric young man.\'b8
Macaulay.
He shines eccentric, like a comet's blaze.
Savage.
Eccentric anomaly. (Astron.) See
Anomaly. -- Eccentric chuck
(Mach.), a lathe chuck so constructed that the
work held by it may be altered as to its center of motion, so as
to produce combinations of eccentric combinations of eccentric
circles. -- Eccentric gear. (Mach.)
(a) The whole apparatus, strap, and other parts, by
which the motion of an eccentric is transmitted, as in the steam
engine. (b) A cogwheel set to turn about an
eccentric axis used to give variable rotation. --
Eccentric hook , a
hook-shaped journal box on the end of an eccentric rod, opposite
the strap. -- Eccentric rod, the rod that
connects as eccentric strap with any part to be acted upon by the
eccentric. -- Eccentric sheave, Eccentric pulley, an eccentric. --
Eccentric strap, the ring, operating as a journal
box, that encircles and receives motion from an eccentric; --
called also eccentric hoop.
Syn. -- Irregular; anomalous; singular; odd; peculiar;
erratic; idiosyncratic; strange; whimsical.
Ec*cen"tric (?), n. 1.
A circle not having the same center as another contained in
some measure within the first.
2. One who, or that which, deviates from
regularity; an anomalous or irregular person or thing.
3. (Astron.) (a) In the
Ptolemaic system, the supposed circular orbit of a planet about
the earth, but with the earth not in its center.
(b) A circle described about the center of an
elliptical orbit, with half the major axis for radius.
Hutton.
4. (Mach.) A disk or wheel so arranged
upon a shaft that the center of the wheel and that of the shaft
do not coincide. It is used for operating valves in steam
engines, and for other purposes. The motion derived is precisely
that of a crank having the same throw.
Back eccentric, the eccentric that reverses or
backs the valve gear and the engine. -- Fore
eccentric, the eccentric that imparts a forward motion
to the valve gear and the engine.
Ec*cen"tric*al (?), a. See
Eccentric.
Ec*cen"tric*al*ly, adv. In an eccentric
manner.
Drove eccentrically here and there.
Lew Wallace.
Ec`cen*tric"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Eccentricities (#). [Cf. F.
excentricit\'82.]
1. The state of being eccentric; deviation from the
customary line of conduct; oddity.
2. (Math.) The ratio of the distance
between the center and the focus of an ellipse or hyperbola to
its semi-transverse axis.
3. (Astron.) The ratio of the distance
of the center of the orbit of a heavenly body from the center of
the body round which it revolves to the semi-transverse axis of
the orbit.
4. (Mech.) The distance of the center of
figure of a body, as of an eccentric, from an axis about which it
turns; the throw.
Ec"chy*mose (?), v. t.
(Med.) To discolor by the production of an
ecchymosis, or effusion of blood, beneath the skin; -- chiefly
used in the passive form; as, the parts were much
ecchymosed.
\'d8Ec`chy*mo"sis (?), n.; pl.
Ecchymoses (/). [NL., fr. Gr.
/, fr. / to extravasate; / out of + / to pour.]
(Med.) A livid or black and blue spot, produced
by the extravasation or effusion of blood into the areolar tissue
from a contusion.
Ec`chy*mot"ic (?), a.
Pertaining to ecchymosis.
Ec"cle (?), n. (Zo\'94l.)
The European green woodpecker; -- also called
ecall, eaquall, yaffle.
[Prov. Eng.]
\'d8Ec*cle"si*a (?), n.; pl.
Ecclesi\'91 (/). [L., fr. Gr.
/.]
1. (Gr. Antiq.) The public legislative
assembly of the Athenians.
2. (Eccl.) A church, either as a body or
as a building.
Ec*cle"si*al (?), a.
Ecclesiastical. [Obs.]
Milton.
Ec*cle"si*arch (?), n. [LL.
ecclesiarcha, fr. Gr. / church + / to rule: cf. F.
eccl\'82siarque.] An official of the
Eastern Church, resembling a sacrist in the Western Church.
Ec*cle"si*ast (?), n. 1.
An ecclesiastic.
Chaucer.
2. The Apocryphal book of Ecclesiasticus.
[Obs.]
Ec*cle`si*as"tes (?), n. [L.,
fr. Gr. / a preacher. See Ecclesiastic,
a.] One of the canonical books of the Old
Testament.
Ec*cle`si*as"tic (?; 277), a.
[L. ecclesiasticus, Gr. /, fr. / an assembly
of citizens called out by the crier; also, the church, fr. /
called out, fr. / to call out; / out + / to call. See
Ex-, and Hale, v. t.,
Haul.] Of or pertaining to the church. See
Ecclesiastical. \'bdEcclesiastic
government.\'b8
Swift.
Ec*cle`si*as"tic, n. A person in holy
orders, or consecrated to the service of the church and the
ministry of religion; a clergyman; a priest.
From a humble ecclesiastic, he was subsequently
preferred to the highest dignities of the church.
Prescott.
Ec*cle`si*as"tic*al (?), a.
[See Ecclesiastical, a.] Of
or pertaining to the church; relating to the organization or
government of the church; not secular; as,
ecclesiastical affairs or history;
ecclesiastical courts.
Every circumstance of ecclesiastical order and
discipline was an abomination.
Cowper.
Ecclesiastical commissioners for England, a
permanent commission established by Parliament in 1836, to
consider and report upon the affairs of the Established
Church. -- Ecclesiastical courts, courts for
maintaining the discipline of the Established Church; -- called
also Christian courts.
[Eng.] -- Ecclesiastical law, a
combination of civil and canon law as administered in
ecclesiastical courts. [Eng.] --
Ecclesiastical modes (Mus.), the church
modes, or the scales anciently used. -- Ecclesiastical
States, the territory formerly subject to the Pope of
Rome as its temporal ruler; -- called also States of the
Church.<-- and Papal States. -->
Ec*cle`si*as"tic*al*ly (?), adv.
In an ecclesiastical manner; according ecclesiastical
rules.
Ec*cle`si*as"ti*cism (?), n.
Strong attachment to ecclesiastical usages, forms,
etc.
Ec*cle`si*as"ti*cus (?), n.
[L.] A book of the Apocrypha.
Ec*cle`si*o*log"ic*al (?), a.
Belonging to ecclesiology.
Ec*cle`si*ol"o*gist (?), n. One
versed in ecclesiology.
Ec*cle`si*ol"o*gy (?), n.
[Ecclesia + -logy.] The
science or theory of church building and decoration.
Ec*crit"ic (?), n. [Gr. /
secretive, fr. / to choose out.] (Med.) A
remedy which promotes discharges, as an emetic, or a
cathartic.
Ec"der*on (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.
/ out + / skin.] (Anat.) See
Ecteron. -- Ec`der*on"ic
(#), a.
\'d8Ec"dy*sis (?), n.; pl.
Ecdyses (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
'e`kdysis a getting out, fr. 'ekdy`ein, to
put off; 'ek out + dy`ein to enter.]
(Biol.) The act of shedding, or casting off, an
outer cuticular layer, as in the case of serpents, lobsters,
etc.; a coming out; as, the ecdysis of the pupa from
its shell; exuviation.
Ec"go*nine (?; 104), n. [Gr.
'e`kgonos sprung from.] (Chem.)
A colorless, crystalline, nitrogenous base, obtained by the
decomposition of cocaine.
\'d8/`chau`guette" (?), n.
[F.] A small chamber or place of protection for a
sentinel, usually in the form of a projecting turret, or the
like. See Castle.
Ech"e (?), a.
Each. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Ech"e*lon (?), n. [F., fr.
\'82chelle ladder, fr. L. scala.]
1. (Mil.) An arrangement of a body of
troops when its divisions are drawn up in parallel lines each to
the right or the left of the one in advance of it, like the steps
of a ladder in position for climbing. Also used adjectively;
as, echelon distance.
Upton (Tactics).
2. (Naval) An arrangement of a fleet in
a wedge or / form.
Encyc. Dict.
Echelon lens (Optics), a large
lens constructed in several parts or layers, extending in a
succession of annular rings beyond the central lens; -- used in
lighthouses.
Ech"e*lon (?), v. t.
(Mil.) To place in echelon; to station divisions
of troops in echelon.
Ech"e*lon, v. i. To take position in
echelon.
Change direction to the left, echelon by battalion
from the right.
Upton (Tactics).
\'d8E*chid"na (?), n. [L., a
viper, adder, Gr. /.]
1. (Gr. Myth.) A monster, half maid and
half serpent.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of
Monotremata found in Australia, Tasmania, and New
Guinea. They are toothless and covered with spines; -- called
also porcupine ant-eater, and
Australian ant-eater.
E*chid"nine (?; 104), n. [See
Echidna.] (Chem.) The clear,
viscid fluid secreted by the poison glands of certain serpents;
also, a nitrogenous base contained in this, and supposed to be
the active poisonous principle of the virus.
Brande & C.
{ Ech"i*nate (?), Ech"i*na`ted
(?), } a. [L.
echinatus. See Echinus.] Set with
prickles; prickly, like a hedgehog; bristled; as, an
echinated pericarp.
E*chi"nid (?), a. & n.
(Zo\'94l.) Same as Echinoid.
E*chin"i*dan (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82chinide.] (Zo\'94l.) One the
Echinoidea.
E*chin"i*tal (?), a. Of, or
like, an echinite.
Ech"i*nite (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82chinite. See Echinus.]
(Paleon.) A fossil echinoid.
\'d8E*chi`no*coc"cus (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / hedgehog, sea urchin + / grain, seed. So
called because forming little granular bodies, each armed with
hooklets and disposed upon the inner wall of the hydatid
cysts.] (Zo\'94l.) A parasite of man and of
many domestic and wild animals, forming compound cysts or tumors
(called hydatid cysts) in various organs, but especially in the
liver and lungs, which often cause death. It is the larval stage
of the T\'91nia echinococcus, a small tapeworm
peculiar to the dog.
E*chin"o*derm` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) One of the Echinodermata.
E*chi`no*der"mal (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Relating or belonging to the
echinoderms.
\'d8E*chi`no*der"ma*ta (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / hedgehog, sea urchin + /, /,
skin.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the grand
divisions of the animal kingdom. By many writers it was formerly
included in the Radiata. [Written also
Echinoderma.]
<-- p. 469 -->
spheromeres) repeated
symmetrically around a central axis, at one end of which the
mouth is situated. They generally have suckers for locomotion.
The group includes the following classes: Crinoidea, Asterioidea,
Ophiuroidea, Echinoidea, and Holothurioidea. See these words in
the Vocabulary, and also Ambulacrum.
E*chi`no*der"ma*tous (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Relating to Echinodermata;
echinodermal.
E*chi"noid (?), a.
[Echinus + -oid.]
(Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the
Echinoidea. -- n. One of the
Echinoidea.
\'d8Ech`i*noi"de*a (?), n. pl.
[NL. See Echinus, and -oid.]
(Zo\'94l.) The class Echinodermata which includes
the sea urchins. They have a calcareous, usually more or less
spheroidal or disk-shaped, composed of many united plates, and
covered with movable spines. See Spatangoid,
Clypeastroid. [Written also
Echinidea, and Echinoida.]
\'d8E*chi`no*zo"a (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / an echinus + / an animal.]
(Zo\'94l.) The Echinodermata.
E*chin"u*late (?), a. (Bot. &
Zo\'94l.) Set with small spines or prickles.
\'d8E*chi"nus (?), n.; pl.
Echini (#). [L., a hedgehog, sea
urchin, Gr. /.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A hedgehog.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of echinoderms,
including the common edible sea urchin of Europe.
3. (Arch.) (a) The rounded
molding forming the bell of the capital of the Grecian Doric
style, which is of a peculiar elastic curve. See
Entablature. (b) The quarter-round
molding (ovolo) of the Roman Doric style. See Illust.
of Column (c) A name sometimes given
to the egg and anchor or egg and dart molding, because that
ornament is often identified with Roman Doric capital. The name
probably alludes to the shape of the shell of the sea
urchin.
\'d8Ech`i*u*roi"de*a (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. echiurus, the name of one genus (Gr.
/ an adder + / tail) + -oid.]
(Zo\'94l.) A division of Annelida which includes
the genus Echiurus and allies. They are often classed
among the Gephyrea, and called the armed
Gephyreans.
Ech"o (?), n.; pl.
Echoes (#). [L. echo,
Gr. / echo, sound, akin to /, /, sound, noise; cf. Skr.
v\'be/ to sound, bellow; perh. akin to E.
voice: cf. F. \'82cho.]
1. A sound reflected from an opposing surface and
repeated to the ear of a listener; repercussion of sound;
repetition of a sound.
The babbling echo mocks the hounds.
Shak.
The woods shall answer, and the echo ring.
Pope.
2. Fig.: Sympathetic recognition; response;
answer.
Fame is the echo of actions, resounding them.
Fuller.
Many kind, and sincere speeches found an echo in
his heart.
R. L. Stevenson.
3. (a) (Myth. & Poetic) A wood
or mountain nymph, regarded as repeating, and causing the
reverberation of them.
Sweet Echo, sweetest nymph, that liv'st unseen
Within thy airy shell.
Milton.
(b) (Gr. Myth.) A nymph, the daughter of
Air and Earth, who, for love of Narcissus, pined away until
nothing was left of her but her voice.
Compelled me to awake the courteous Echo
To give me answer from her mossy couch.
Milton.
Echo organ (Mus.), a set organ
pipes inclosed in a box so as to produce a soft, distant effect;
-- generally superseded by the swell. -- Echo
stop (Mus.), a stop upon a harpsichord
contrived for producing the soft effect of distant sound. --
To applaud to the echo, to give loud and
continuous applause.
M. Arnold.
I would applaud thee to the very echo,
That should applaud again.
Shak.
Ech"o, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Echoed (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Echoing. -- 3d pers. sing. pres.
Echoes (/).]
1. To send back (a sound); to repeat in sound; to
reverberate.
Those peals are echoed by the Trojan throng.
Dryden.
The wondrous sound
Is echoed on forever.
Keble.
2. To repeat with assent; to respond; to
adopt.
They would have echoed the praises of the men whom
they /nvied, and then have sent to the newspaper anonymous
libels upon them.
Macaulay.
Ech"o, v. i. To give an echo; to
resound; to be sounded back; as, the hall echoed
with acclamations. \'bdEchoing noise.\'b8
Blackmore.
Ech"o*er (?), n. One who, or
that which, echoes.
Ech"o*less, a. Without echo or
response.
E*chom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. /,
/, sound + -meter: cf. F.
\'82chom\'8atre.] (Mus) A
graduated scale for measuring the duration of sounds, and
determining their different, and the relation of their
intervals.
J. J. Rousseau.
E*chom"e*try (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82chom\'82trie.]
1. The art of measuring the duration of sounds or
echoes.
2. The art of constructing vaults to produce
echoes.
{ Ech*on" (?), Ech*oon"
(?) }, pron. Each one.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Ech"o*scope (?), n. [Gr. /,
/, sound + -scope.] (Med.) An
instrument for intensifying sounds produced by percussion of the
thorax.
Knight.
\'d8/`clair" (?), n.
[F.] (Cookery) A kind of frosted cake,
containing flavored cream.
E*clair"cise (?), v. t. [F.
\'82claircir; pref. es- (L. ex)
+ clair clear, L. clarus.] To
make clear; to clear up what is obscure or not understood; to
explain.
\'d8E*clair"cisse*ment (?), n.
[F., fr. \'82claircir. See Eclaircise,
v. t.] The clearing up of anything which is
obscure or not easily understood; an explanation.
The eclaircissement ended in the discovery of the
informer.
Clarendon.
\'d8Ec*lamp"si*a (?), n. [NL.,
from Gr. / a shining forth, fr. / to shine forth; / out +
/ to shine.] (Med.) A fancied perception
of flashes of light, a symptom of epilepsy; hence, epilepsy
itself; convulsions.
\'d8Ec*lamp"sy (?), n.
(Med.) Same as Eclampsia.
E*clat" (?), n. [F.
\'82clat a fragment, splinter, explosion, brilliancy,
splendor, fr. \'82clater to splinter, burst, explode,
shine brilliantly, prob. of German origin; cf. OHG.
sleizan to slit, split, fr. sl\'c6zan, G.
schleissen; akin to E. slit.]
1. Brilliancy of success or effort; splendor;
brilliant show; striking effect; glory; renown. \'bdThe
eclat of Homer's battles.\'b8
Pope.
2. Demonstration of admiration and approbation;
applause.
Prescott.
Ec*lec"tic (?), a. [Gr. /,
fr. / to pick out, choose out: cf. F. \'82clectique.
See Eclogue, and cf. Elect.]
1. Selecting; choosing (what is true or excellent
in doctrines, opinions, etc.) from various sources or systems;
as, an eclectic philosopher.
2. Consisting, or made up, of what is chosen or
selected; as, an eclectic method; an
eclectic magazine.
Eclectic physician, one of a class of
practitioners of medicine, who select their modes of practice and
medicines from all schools; formerly, sometimes the same as
botanic physician. [U.S.] --
Eclectic school. (Paint.) See
Bolognese school, under
Bolognese.
Ec*lec"tic (?), n. One who
follows an eclectic method.
Ec*lec"tic*al*ly (?), adv. In
an eclectic manner; by an eclectic method.
Ec*lec"ti*cism (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82clecticisme. Cf. Electicism.]
Theory or practice of an eclectic.
Ec*legm" (?), n. [F.
\'82clegme, L. ecligma, fr. Gr. /, fr.
/ to lick up.] (Med.) A medicine made by
mixing oils with sirups.
John Quincy.
E*clipse" (?), n. [F.
\'82clipse, L. eclipsis, fr. Gr. /,
prop., a forsaking, failing, fr. / to leave out, forsake; /
out + / to leave. See Ex-, and Loan.]
1. (Astron.) An interception or
obscuration of the light of the sun, moon, or other luminous
body, by the intervention of some other body, either between it
and the eye, or between the luminous body and that illuminated by
it. A lunar eclipse is caused by the moon passing through the
earth's shadow; a solar eclipse, by the moon coming between the
sun and the observer. A satellite is eclipsed by entering the
shadow of its primary. The obscuration of a planet or star by the
moon or a planet, though of the nature of an eclipse, is called
an occultation. The eclipse of a small portion of the
sun by Mercury or Venus is called a transit of the
planet.
That fatal and perfidious bark,
Built in the eclipse, and rigged with curses dark.
Milton.
2. The loss, usually temporary or partial, of
light, brilliancy, luster, honor, consciousness, etc.;
obscuration; gloom; darkness.
All the posterity of our fist parents suffered a perpetual
eclipse of spiritual life.
Sir W. Raleigh.
As in the soft and sweet eclipse,
When soul meets soul on lovers' lips.
Shelley.
Annular eclipse. (Astron.) See
under Annular. -- Cycle of eclipses.
See under Cycle.
E*clipse", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Eclipsed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Eclipsing.]
1. To cause the obscuration of; to darken or hide;
-- said of a heavenly body; as, the moon eclipses
the sun.
2. To obscure, darken, or extinguish the beauty,
luster, honor, etc., of; to sully; to cloud; to throw into the
shade by surpassing. \'bdHis eclipsed state.\'b8
Dryden.
My joy of liberty is half eclipsed.
Shak.
E*clipse", v. i. To suffer an
eclipse.
While the laboring moon
Eclipses at their charms.
Milton.
E*clip"tic (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82cliptique, L. linea ecliptica, Gr. /,
prop. adj., of an eclipse, because in this circle eclipses of the
sun and moon take place. See Ecliptic,
a.]
1. (Astron.) A great circle of the
celestial sphere, making an angle with the equinoctial of about
23
2. (Geog.) A great circle drawn on a
terrestrial globe, making an angle of 23
E*clip"tic, a. [L. eclipticus
belonging to an eclipse, Gr. /. See Eclipse.]
1. Pertaining to the ecliptic; as, the
ecliptic way.
2. Pertaining to an eclipse or to eclipses.
Lunar ecliptic limit (Astron.), the
space of 12 --
Solar ecliptic limit, the space of 17
Ec"lo*gite (?), n. [See
Ecloque.] (Min.) A rock consisting
of granular red garnet, light green smaragdite, and common
hornblende; -- so called in reference to its beauty.
Ec"logue (?), n. [L.
ecloga, Gr. / a selection, choice extracts, fr. /
to pick out, choose out; / out + / to gather, choose: cf.
F. \'82gloque, \'82cloque. See
Ex-, and Legend.] A pastoral poem,
in which shepherds are introduced conversing with each other; a
bucolic; an idyl; as, the Ecloques of Virgil, from
which the modern usage of the word has been
established.
{ E`co*nom"ic (?; 277),
E`co*nom"ic*al (?), } a.
[F. \'82conomique, L. oeconomicus
orderly, methodical, Gr. / economical. See
Economy.]
1. Pertaining to the household; domestic.
\'bdIn this economical misfortune [of ill-assorted
matrimony.]\'b8
Milton.
2. Relating to domestic economy, or to the
management of household affairs.
And doth employ her economic art
And busy care, her household to preserve.
Sir J. Davies.
3. Managing with frugality; guarding against waste
or unnecessary expense; careful and frugal in management and in
expenditure; -- said of character or habits.
Just rich enough, with economic care,
To save a pittance.
Harte.
4. Managed with frugality; not marked with waste or
extravagance; frugal; -- said of acts; saving; as, an
economical use of money or of time.
5. Relating to the means of living, or the
resources and wealth of a country; relating to political economy;
as, economic purposes; economical
truths.
These matters economical and political.
J. C. Shairp.
There was no economical distress in England to
prompt the enterprises of colonization.
Palfrey.
Economic questions, such as money, usury, taxes,
lands, and the employment of the people.
H. C. Baird.
6. Regulative; relating to the adaptation of means
to an end.
Grew.
Economical is the usual form when meaning
frugal, saving; economic is the form commonly used
when meaning pertaining to the management of a household, or of
public affairs.
E`co*nom"ic*al*ly (?), adv.
With economy; with careful management; with prudence in
expenditure.
E`co*nom"ics (?), n. [Gr. /,
equiv. to / /. See Economic.]
1. The science of household affairs, or of domestic
management.
2. Political economy; the science of the utilities
or the useful application of wealth or material resources. See
Political economy, under Political.
\'bdIn politics and economics.\'b8
V. Knox.
E*con"o*mist (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82conomiste.]
1. One who economizes, or manages domestic or other
concerns with frugality; one who expends money, time, or labor,
judiciously, and without waste. \'bdEconomists
even to parsimony.\'b8
Burke.
2. One who is conversant with political economy; a
student of economics.
E*con`o*mi*za"tion (?), n. The
act or practice of using to the best effect.
[R.]
H. Spenser.
E*con"o*mize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Economized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Economizing.] [Cf. F.
\'82conomiser.] To manage with economy; to
use with prudence; to expend with frugality; as, to
economize one's income. [Written also
economise.]
Expenses in the city were to be economized.
Jowett (Thucyd. ).
Calculating how to economize time.
W. Irving.
E*con"o*mize, v. i. To be prudently
sparing in expenditure; to be frugal and saving; as, to
economize in order to grow rich.
[Written also economise.]
Milton.
E*con"o*mi`zer (?), n. 1.
One who, or that which, economizes.
2. Specifically: (Steam Boilers) An
arrangement of pipes for heating feed water by waste heat in the
gases passing to the chimney.
E*con"o*my (?), n.; pl.
Economies (#). [F.
\'82conomie, L. oeconomia household
management, fr. Gr. /, fr. / one managing a household; /
house (akin to L. vicus village, E.
vicinity) + / usage, law, rule, fr. / to
distribute, mange. See Vicinity, Nomad.]
1. The management of domestic affairs; the
regulation and government of household matters; especially as
they concern expense or disbursement; as, a careful
economy.
Himself busy in charge of the household
economies.
Froude.
2. Orderly arrangement and management of the
internal affairs of a state or of any establishment kept up by
production and consumption; esp., such management as directly
concerns wealth; as, political economy.
3. The system of rules and regulations by which
anything is managed; orderly system of regulating the
distribution and uses of parts, conceived as the result of wise
and economical adaptation in the author, whether human or divine;
as, the animal or vegetable economy; the
economy of a poem; the Jewish
economy.
The position which they [the verb and adjective] hold in the
general economy of language.
Earle.
In the Greek poets, as also in Plautus, we shall see the
economy . . . of poems better observed than in
Terence.
B. Jonson.
The Jews already had a Sabbath, which, as citizens and
subjects of that economy, they were obliged to
keep.
Paley.
4. Thrifty and frugal housekeeping; management
without loss or waste; frugality in expenditure; prudence and
disposition to save; as, a housekeeper accustomed to
economy but not to parsimony.
Political economy. See under
Political.
Syn. -- Economy, Frugality,
Parsimony. Economy avoids all waste and
extravagance, and applies money to the best advantage;
frugality cuts off indulgences, and proceeds on a
system of saving. The latter conveys the idea of not using or
spending superfluously, and is opposed to lavishness
or profusion. Frugality is usually applied
to matters of consumption, and commonly points to simplicity of
manners; parsimony is frugality carried to an extreme,
involving meanness of spirit, and a sordid mode of living.
Economy is a virtue, and parsimony a
vice.
<-- p. 470 -->
I have no other notion of economy than that it is
the parent to liberty and ease.
Swift.
The father was more given to frugality, and the son
to riotousness [luxuriousness].
Golding.
\'d8/`cor`ch\'82" (?), n.
[F.] (Fine Arts) A manikin, or image,
representing an animal, especially man, with the skin removed so
that the muscles are exposed for purposes of study.
\'d8/`cos`saise" (?), n.
[F.] (Mus.) A dancing tune in the
Scotch style.
E*cos"tate (?), a. [Pref.
e- + costate.] (Bot.)
Having no ribs or nerves; -- said of a leaf.
\'d8/`coute" (?), n. [F., a
listening place.] (Mil.) One of the small
galleries run out in front of the glacis. They serve to annoy the
enemy's miners.
\'d8Ec"pha*sis (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. /, fr. / to speak out.] (Rhet.)
An explicit declaration.
\'d8Ec`pho*ne"ma (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / a thing called out, fr. / to cry out; / out + /
voice.] (Rhet.) A breaking out with some
interjectional particle.
Ec"pho*neme (?), n. [See
Ecphonema.] A mark (!) used to indicate an
exclamation.
G. Brown.
\'d8Ec`pho*ne"sis (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. /. See Ecphonema.] (Rhet.)
An animated or passionate exclamation.
The feelings by the ecphonesis are very
various.
Gibbs.
Ec*phrac"tic (?), a. [Gr. /,
from / to open; / out + / to block up: cf. F.
ecphractique.] (Med.) Serving to
dissolve or attenuate viscid matter, and so to remove
obstructions; deobstruent. -- n. An
ecphractic medicine.
Harvey.
\'d8/`crase`ment" (?), n.
[F.] (Surg.) The operation performed
with an \'82craseur.
/`cra`seur" (?), n. [F., fr.
\'82craser to crush.] (Surg.) An
instrument intended to replace the knife in many operations, the
parts operated on being severed by the crushing effect produced
by the gradual tightening of a steel chain, so that hemorrhage
rarely follows.
\'d8/`cru" (?), a. [F., fr.
L. crudus raw.] Having the color or
appearance of unbleached stuff, as silk, linen, or the
like.
Ec"sta*sy (?), n.; pl.
Ecstasies (#). [F.
extase, L. ecstasis, fr. Gr. /, fr. /
to put out of place, derange; / = / out + / to set, stand.
See Ex-, and Stand.] [Also written
extasy.]
1. The state of being beside one's self or rapt out
of one's self; a state in which the mind is elevated above the
reach of ordinary impressions, as when under the influence of
overpowering emotion; an extraordinary elevation of the spirit,
as when the soul, unconscious of sensible objects, is supposed to
contemplate heavenly mysteries.
Like a mad prophet in an ecstasy.
Dryden.
This is the very ecstasy of love.
Shak.
2. Excessive and overmastering joy or enthusiasm;
rapture; enthusiastic delight.
He on the tender grass
Would sit, and hearken even to ecstasy.
Milton.
3. Violent distraction of mind; violent emotion;
excessive grief of anxiety; insanity; madness.
[Obs.]
That unmatched form and feature of blown youth
Blasted with ecstasy.
Shak.
Our words will but increase his ecstasy.
Marlowe.
4. (Med.) A state which consists in
total suspension of sensibility, of voluntary motion, and largely
of mental power. The body is erect and inflexible; the pulsation
and breathing are not affected.
Mayne.
Ec"sta*sy, v. t. To fill ecstasy, or
with rapture or enthusiasm. [Obs.]
The most ecstasied order of holy . . . spirits.
Jer. Taylor.
Ec*stat"ic (?), a. [Gr. /,
fr. /: cf. F. extatique. See Ecstasy,
n.]
1. Pertaining to, or caused by, ecstasy or
excessive emotion; of the nature, or in a state, of ecstasy;
as, ecstatic gaze; ecstatic
trance.
This ecstatic fit of love and jealousy.
Hammond.
2. Delightful beyond measure; rapturous; ravishing;
as, ecstatic bliss or joy.
Ec*stat"ic, n. An enthusiast.
[R.]
Gauden.
Ec*stat"ic*al (?), a. 1.
Ecstatic.
Bp. Stillingfleet.
2. Tending to external objects.
[R.]
Norris.
Ec*stat"ic*al*ly, adv. Rapturously;
ravishingly.
{ Ect- (?), Ec"to- (?)
}. [Gr. / outside.] A combining form
signifying without, outside,
external.
Ec"tad (?), adv.
[Ect- + L. ad towards.]
(Anat.) Toward the outside or surface; -- opposed
to entad.
B. G. Wilder.
Ec"tal (?), a. [See
Ect-.] (Anat.) Pertaining to, or
situated near, the surface; outer; -- opposed to
ental.
B. G. Wilder.
\'d8Ec*ta"si*a (?), n. [NL. See
Ectasis.] (Med.) A dilatation of a
hollow organ or of a canal.
\'d8Ec"ta*sis (?), n. [L., fr.
Gr. /; / out + / to stretch.] (Pros.)
The lengthening of a syllable from short to long.
Ec*ten"tal (?), a. [Gr. /
outside + / inside.] (Biol.) Relating to,
or connected with, the two primitive germ layers, the ectoderm
and ectoderm; as, the \'bdectental line\'b8 or line
of juncture of the two layers in the segmentation of the
ovum.
C. S. Minot.
Ec"ter*on (?), n. [See
Ect-.] (Anat.) The external layer
of the skin and mucous membranes; epithelium; ecderon. --
Ec`ter*on"ic (#),
a.
Ec*teth"moid (?), a.
[Ect- + ethmoid.]
(Anat.) External to the ethmoid;
prefrontal.
\'d8Ec*thlip"sis (?), n. [L.,
fr. Gr. /, fr. / to squeeze out.]
1. The dropping out or suppression from a word of a
consonant, with or without a vowel.
2. (Lat. Pros.) The elision of a final
m, with the preceding vowel, before a word beginning
with a vowel.
\'d8Ec`tho*re"um (?), n.; pl.
Ecthorea (#). [NL., fr. Gr. / to
leap out; / out + /, /, to leap, dart.]
(Zo\'94l.) The slender, hollow thread of a
nettling cell or cnida. See Nettling cell.
[Written also ecthor\'91um.]
\'d8Ec*thy"ma (?), n.; pl.
Ecthymata (#). [NL., fr. Gr. /
pimple, fr. / to break out.] (Med.) A
cutaneous eruption, consisting of large, round pustules, upon an
indurated and inflamed base.
Dunglison.
Ec"to- (?). See Ect-.
Ec"to*blast (?), n.
[Ecto- + Gr. / bud, germ.]
(Biol.) (a) The outer layer of the
blastoderm; the epiblast; the ectoderm. (b)
The outer envelope of a cell; the cell wall.
Agassiz.
\'d8Ec`to*bron"chi*um (?), n.;
pl. Ectobronchia (#). [NL.
See Ecto-, and Bronchia.]
(Anat.) One of the dorsal branches of the main
bronchi in the lungs of birds.
{ Ec`to*cu*ne"ri*form (?),
Ec`to*cu"ni*form (?), } n.
[Ecto- + cuneiform,
cuniform.] (Anat.) One of the
bones of the tarsus. See Cuneiform.
Ec"to*cyst (?), n.
[Ecto- + Gr. / bladder.]
(Zo\'94l.) The outside covering of the
Bryozoa.
Ec"to*derm (?), n.
[Ecto- + -derm.]
(Biol.) (a) The outer layer of the
blastoderm; epiblast. (b) The external skin
or outer layer of an animal or plant, this being formed in an
animal from the epiblast. See Illust. of
Blastoderm.
{ Ec`to*der"mal (?),
Ec`to*der"mic (?), } a.
(Biol.) Of or relating to the ectoderm.
Ec`to*lec"i*thal (?), a.
[Ecto- + Gr. / the yolk of an egg.]
(Biol.) Having the food yolk, at the commencement
of segmentation, in a peripheral position, and the cleavage
process confined to the center of the egg; as,
ectolecithal ova.
Ec"to*mere (?), n.
[Ecto- + -mere.]
(Biol.) The more transparent cells, which finally
become external, in many segmenting ova, as those of
mammals.
Ec`to*par"a*site (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) Any parasite which lives on the
exterior of animals; -- opposed to endoparasite.
-- Ec`to*par`a*sit"ic (#),
a.
\'d8Ec*to"pi*a (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / out + / place.] (Med.) A
morbid displacement of parts, especially such as is congenial;
as, ectopia of the heart, or of the
bladder.
Ec*top"ic (?), a. (Med.)
Out of place; congenitally displaced; as, an
ectopic organ.
Ec"to*plasm (?), n.
[Ecto- + Gr. / form.] (Biol.)
(a) The outer transparent layer of protoplasm in a
developing ovum. (b) The outer hyaline layer
of protoplasm in a vegetable cell. (c) The
ectosarc of protozoan.
Ec`to*plas"tic (?), a.
[Ecto- + Gr. / to mold.] Pertaining
to, or composed of, ectoplasm.
\'d8Ec`to*proc"ta (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / outside + / the anus.]
(Zo\'94l.) An order of Bryozoa in which the anus
lies outside the circle of tentacles.
Ec"to*py (?), n. (Med.)
Same as Ectopia.
Ect*or"gan*ism (?), n.
[Ect- + organism.]
(Biol.) An external parasitic organism.
Ec"to*sarc (?), n.
[Ecto- + Gr. /, /, flesh.]
(Biol.) The semisolid external layer of
protoplasm in some unicellular organisms, as the am\'d2ba;
ectoplasm; exoplasm.
Ec*tos"te*al (?), a.
(Physiol.) Of or pertaining to ectostosis;
as, ectosteal ossification.
\'d8Ec`tos*to"sis (?), n. [NL.
See Ect-, and Ostosis.]
(Physiol.) A process of bone formation in which
ossification takes place in the perichondrium and either
surrounds or gradually replaces the cartilage.
Ec`to*zo"ic (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) See Epizoic.
\'d8Ec`to*zo"\'94n (?), n.; pl.
Ectozoa (#). [NL., fr. Gr. /
outside + / an animal.] (Zo\'94l.) See
Epizo\'94n.
\'d8Ec*tro"pi*on (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. /, fr. / a turning aside; / from + / to
turn.] (Med.) An unnatural eversion of the
eyelids.
\'d8Ec*tro"pi*um (?), n.
[NL.] (Med.) Same as
Ectropion.
Ec*trot"ic (?), a. [Gr. / for
abortion; / out + / to wound, cause mischief to.]
(Med.) Having a tendency to prevent the
development of anything, especially of a disease.
Ec"ty*pal (?), a. [L.
ectypus worked in high relief, Gr. /; / out + /
stamp, figure. See Type.] Copied, reproduced
as a molding or cast, in contradistinction from the original
model.
Ec"type (?), n. [Cf. F.
ectype. See Ectypal.]
1. (Classical Arch\'91ol.) (a)
A copy, as in pottery, of an artist's original work.
Hence: (b) A work sculptured in relief, as a
cameo, or in bas-relief (in this sense used loosely).
2. A copy from an original; a type of something
that has previously existed.
Some regarded him [Klopstock] as an ectype of the
ancient prophets.
Eng. Cyc. .
Ec`ty*pog"ra*phy (?), n.
[Ectype + -graphy.] A
method of etching in which the design upon the plate is produced
in relief.
{ Ec`u*men"ic (?), Ec`u*men"ic*al
(?), } a. [L.
oecumenicus, Gr. / (sc. /) the inhabited world,
fr. / to inhabit, from / house, dwelling. See
Economy.] General; universal; in
ecclesiastical usage, that which concerns the whole church;
as, an ecumenical council.
[Written also /cumenical.]
Ecumenical Bishop, a title assumed by the
popes. -- Ecumenical council. See under
Council.
Ec"u*rie (?), n. [F. See
Equerry.] A stable.
Ec"ze*ma (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr.
'e`kzema; "ek out + zei^n to
boil.] (Med.) An inflammatory disease of
the skin, characterized by the presence of redness and itching,
an eruption of small vesicles, and the discharge of a watery
exudation, which often dries up, leaving the skin covered with
crusts; -- called also tetter, milk
crust, and salt rheum.
Ec*zem"a*tous (?), a.
(Med.) Pertaining to eczema; having the
characteristic of eczema.
-ed (?). The termination of the past
participle of regular, or weak, verbs; also, of analogous
participial adjectives from nouns; as, pigmented;
talented.
E*da"cious (?), a. [L.
edax, edacis, fr. edere to
eat.] Given to eating; voracious; devouring.
Swallowed in the depths of edacious Time.
Carlyle.
-- E*da"cious*ly, adv. --
E*da"cious*ness, n.
E*dac"i*ty (?), n. [L.
edacitas.] Greediness; voracity;
ravenousness; rapacity.
Bacon.
Ed"da (?), n.; pl.
Eddas (#). [Icel., lit.
great-grandmother (i. e., of Scandinavian
poetry), so called by Bishop Brynj\'a3lf Sveinsson, who brought
it again to light in 1643.] The religious or
mythological book of the old Scandinavian tribes of German
origin, containing two collections of Sagas (legends, myths) of
the old northern gods and heroes.
prose Edda,
called also the Edda of Snorri, is the work of
several writers, though usually ascribed to Snorri Sturleson, who
was born in 1178.
{ Ed*da"ic (?), Ed"dic
(?) }, a. Relating to the Eddas;
resembling the Eddas.
Ed"der (?), n. [See
Adder.] (Zo\'94l.) An adder or
serpent. [Prov. Eng.]
Wright.
Ed"der, n. [AS. edor hedge,
fence; akin to etar.] Flexible wood worked
into the top of hedge stakes, to bind them together.
[Obs.]
Tusser.
Ed"der, v. t. To bind the top
interweaving edder; as, to edder a hedge.
[Obs.]
Ed"dish (?), n. [AS.
edisc; cf. AS. pref. ed- again, anew. Cf.
Eddy, and Arrish.] Aftermath; also,
stubble and stubble field. See Arrish.
[Eng.]
Ed"does (?), n. pl.
(Bot.) The tubers of Colocasia
antiquorum. See Taro.
Ed"dy (?), n.; pl.
Eddies (#). [Prob. fr. Icel.
i/a; cf. Icel. pref. i/- back, AS.
ed-, OS. idug-, OHG. ita-; Goth.
id-.]
1. A current of air or water running back, or in a
direction contrary to the main current.
2. A current of water or air moving in a circular
direction; a whirlpool.
And smiling eddies dimpled on the main.
Dryden.
Wheel through the air, in circling eddies play.
Addison.
Used also adjectively; as, eddy winds.
Dryden.
Ed"dy, v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Eddied (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Eddying.] To move as an eddy, or as in
an eddy; to move in a circle.
Eddying round and round they sink.
Wordsworth.
Ed"dy, v. t. To collect as into an
eddy. [R.]
The circling mountains eddy in
From the bare wild the dissipated storm.
Thomson.
\'d8E"del*weiss (?), n. [G.,
fr. edel noble + weiss white.]
(Bot.) A little, perennial, white, woolly plant
(Leontopodium alpinum), growing at high elevations in
the Alps.<-- = the national flower of Austria -->
E*de"ma (?), n. [NL.]
(Med.) Same as \'d2dema.
{ E*de"ma*tous (?), E*de"ma*tose` (?) }, a.
(Med.) Same as \'d2dematous.
E"den (?), n. [Heb.
\'c7den delight, pleasure; also, a place of pleasure,
Eden.] The garden where Adam and Eve first dwelt;
hence, a delightful region or residence.
E*den"ic (?), a. Of or
pertaining to Eden; paradisaic. \'bdEdenic
joys.\'b8
Mrs. Browning.
E"den*ite (?), n. [From
Edenville, N. Y.]
(Min.) A variety of amphibole. See
Amphibole.
E"den*ized (?), a. Admitted to
a state of paradisaic happiness. [R.]
Davies (Wit's Pilgr. ).
E*den"tal (?), a. See
Edentate, a. -- n.
(Zo\'94l.) One of the Edentata.
E*den"tal*ous (?), a. See
Edentate, a.
\'d8E`den*ta"ta (?), n. pl.
[NL., neut. pl. from L. edentatus, p. p. of
edentare to render toothless; e out +
dens, dentis, tooth.]
(Zo\'94l.) An order of mammals including the
armadillos, sloths, and anteaters; -- called also
Bruta. The incisor teeth are rarely developed,
and in some groups all the teeth are lacking.
E*den"tate (?), a. 1.
Destitute of teeth; as, an edentate quadruped;
an edentate leaf.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the
Edentata.
<-- p. 471 -->
E*den"tate (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) One of the Edentata.
E*den`ta*ted (?), a. Same as
Edentate, a.
E`den*ta"tion (?), n. A
depriving of teeth. [R.]
Cockeram.
E*den"tu*lous (?; 135), a. [L.
edentulus; e out + dens,
dentis, tooth.] Toothless.
Edge (?), n. [OE.
eg, egge, AS. ecg; akin to OHG.
ekka, G. ecke, Icel. & Sw. egg,
Dan. eg, and to L. acies, Gr. / point,
Skr. a/ri edge. //. Cf. Egg, v.
t., Eager, Ear spike of corn,
Acute.]
1. The thin cutting side of the blade of an
instrument; as, the edge of an ax, knife, sword, or
scythe. Hence, figuratively, that which cuts as an edge
does, or wounds deeply, etc.
He which hath the sharp sword with two edges.
Rev. ii. 12.
Slander,
Whose edge is sharper than the sword.
Shak.
2. Any sharp terminating border; a margin; a brink;
extreme verge; as, the edge of a table, a
precipice.
Upon the edge of yonder coppice.
Shak.
In worst extremes, and on the perilous edge
Of battle.
Milton.
Pursue even to the very edge of destruction.
Sir W. Scott.
3. Sharpness; readiness of fitness to cut;
keenness; intenseness of desire.
The full edge of our indignation.
Sir W. Scott.
Death and persecution lose all the ill that they can have, if
we do not set an edge upon them by our fears and by
our vices.
Jer. Taylor.
4. The border or part adjacent to the line of
division; the beginning or early part; as, in the
edge of evening. \'bdOn the edge
of winter.\'b8
Milton.
Edge joint (Carp.), a joint formed
by two edges making a corner. -- Edge mill, a
crushing or grinding mill in which stones roll around on their
edges, on a level circular bed; -- used for ore, and as an oil
mill. Called also Chilian mill. --
Edge molding (Arch.), a molding whose
section is made up of two curves meeting in an angle. --
Edge plane. (a) (Carp.) A
plane for edging boards. (b)
(Shoemaking) A plane for edging soles. --
Edge play, a kind of swordplay in which backswords
or cutlasses are used, and the edge, rather than the point, is
employed. -- Edge rail. (Railroad)
(a) A rail set on edge; -- applied to a rail of more
depth than width. (b) A guard rail by the side
of the main rail at a switch. Knight. -- Edge
railway, a railway having the rails set on edge.
-- Edge stone, a curbstone. -- Edge
tool. (a) Any tool instrument having a sharp
edge intended for cutting. (b) A tool for
forming or dressing an edge; an edging tool. -- To be
on edge, to be eager, impatient, or anxious. --
To set the teeth on edge, to cause a disagreeable
tingling sensation in the teeth, as by bringing acids into
contact with them.
Bacon.
Edge (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Edged (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Edging.]
1. To furnish with an edge as a tool or weapon; to
sharpen.
To edge her champion's sword.
Dryden.
2. To shape or dress the edge of, as with a
tool.
3. To furnish with a fringe or border; as, to
edge a dress; to edge a garden with
box.
Hills whose tops were edged with groves.
Pope.
4. To make sharp or keen, figuratively; to incite;
to exasperate; to goad; to urge or egg on.
[Obs.]
By such reasonings, the simple were blinded, and the malicious
edged.
Hayward.
5. To move by little and little or cautiously, as
by pressing forward edgewise; as, edging their
chairs forwards.
Locke.
Edge, v. i. 1. To move
sideways; to move gradually; as, edge along this
way.
2. To sail close to the wind.
I must edge up on a point of wind.
Dryden.
To edge away off
(Naut.), to increase the distance gradually from
the shore, vessel, or other object. -- To edge
down (Naut.), to approach by slow degrees,
as when a sailing vessel approaches an object in an oblique
direction from the windward. -- To edge in,
to get in edgewise; to get in by degrees. -- To
edge in with, as with a coast or vessel
(Naut.), to advance gradually, but not directly,
toward it.
Edge"bone` (?), n. Same as
Aitchbone.
Edge"less, a. Without an edge; not
sharp; blunt; obtuse; as, an edgeless sword or
weapon.
Edge"long (?; 115), adv. In the
direction of the edge. [Obs.]
Three hundred thousand pieces have you stuck
Edgelong into the ground.
B. Jonson.
Edge"shot (?), a. (Carp.)
Having an edge planed, -- said of a board.
Knight.
{ Edge"ways (?), Edge"wise
(?), } adv. With the edge towards
anything; in the direction of the edge.
Glad to get in a word, as they say, edgeways.
Sir W. Scott.
Edg"ing (?), n. 1.
That which forms an edge or border, as the fringe, trimming,
etc., of a garment, or a border in a garden.
Dryden.
2. The operation of shaping or dressing the edge of
anything, as of a piece of metal.
Edging machine, a machine tool with a
revolving cutter, for dressing edges, as of boards, or metal
plates, to a pattern or templet.
Edg"ing*ly, adv. Gradually;
gingerly. [R.]
Edg"y (?), a. [From
Edge.]
1. Easily irritated; sharp; as, an
edgy temper.
2. (Fine Arts) Having some of the forms,
such as drapery or the like, too sharply defined. \'bdAn
edgy style of sculpture.\'b8
Hazlitt.
Edh (?), n. The name of the
Anglo-Saxon letter th in a similar word:
March.
Ed`i*bil"i*ty (?), n.
Suitableness for being eaten; edibleness.
Ed"i*ble (?), a. [L.
edibilis, fr. edere to eat. See
Eat.] Fit to be eaten as food; eatable;
esculent; as, edible fishes.
Bacon. -- n. Anything
edible.
Edible bird's nest. See Bird's nest,
2. -- Edible crab (Zo\'94l.),
any species of crab used as food, esp. the American blue crab
(Callinectes hastatus). See Crab. --
Edible frog (Zo\'94l.), the common
European frog (Rana esculenta), used as food. --
Edible snail (Zo\'94l.), any snail used
as food, esp. Helix pomatia and H. aspersa
of Europe.
Ed"i*ble*ness, n. Suitableness for being
eaten.
E"dict (?), n. [L.
edictum, fr. edicere, edictum,
to declare, proclaim; e out + dicere to
say: cf. F. \'82dit. See Diction.]
A public command or ordinance by the sovereign power; the
proclamation of a law made by an absolute authority, as if by the
very act of announcement; a decree; as, the edicts
of the Roman emperors; the edicts of the French
monarch.
It stands as an edict in destiny.
Shak.
Edict of Nantes (French Hist.), an
edict issued by Henry IV. (A. D. 1598), giving
toleration to Protestants. Its revocation by Louis XIV. (A.
D. 1685) was followed by terrible persecutions and the
expatriation of thousands of French Protestants.
Syn. -- Decree; proclamation; law; ordinance; statute; rule;
order; manifesti; command. See Law.
E*dic"tal (?), a. Relating to,
or consisting of, edicts; as, the Roman edictal
law.
Ed"i*fi*cant (?), a. [L.
aedificans, -antis, p. pr. of
aedificare. See Edify.] Building;
constructing. [R.]
Dugard.
Ed`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
aedificatio: cf. F. \'82dification. See
Edify.]
1. The act of edifying, or the state of being
edified; a building up, especially in a moral or spiritual sense;
moral, intellectual, or spiritual improvement; instruction.
The assured edification of his church.
Bp. Hall.
Out of these magazines I shall supply the town with what may
tend to their edification.
Addison.
2. A building or edifice. [Obs.]
Bullokar.
Ed"i*fi*ca`to*ry (?), a.
Tending to edification.
Bp. Hall.
Ed"i*fice (?), n. [L.
aedificium, fr. aedificare: cf. F.
\'82difice. See Edify.] A
building; a structure; an architectural fabric; -- chiefly
applied to elegant houses, and other large buildings; as, a
palace, a church, a statehouse.
Ed`i*fi"cial (?), a. [L.
aedificialis.] Pertaining to an edifice;
structural.
Ed"i*fi`er (?), n. 1.
One who builds. [Obs.]
2. One who edifies, builds up, or strengthens
another by moral or religious instruction.
Ed"i*fy (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Edified
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Edifying.] [F. \'82difier,
L. aedificare; aedes a building, house,
orig., a fireplace (akin to Gr. / to burn, Skr. idh
to kindle, OHG. eit funeral pile, AS.
\'bed, OIr. aed fire) + facere
to make. See Fact, -fy.]
1. To build; to construct.
[Archaic]
There was a holy chapel edified.
Spenser.
2. To instruct and improve, especially in moral and
religious knowledge; to teach.
It does not appear probable that our dispute [about miracles]
would either edify or enlighten the public.
Gibbon.
3. To teach or persuade. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Ed"i*fy, v. i. To improve.
[R.]
Swift.
Ed"i*fy`ing (?), a.
Instructing; improving; as, an edifying
conversation. -- Ed"i*fy`ing*ly,
adv. -- Ed"i*fy`ing*ness,
n.
E"dile (?), n. [L.
aedilis: cf. F. \'82dile. Cf.
\'92dile.] (Rom. Antiq.) See
\'92dile.
E"dile*ship, n. The office of
\'91dile.
T. Arnold.
Ed"ing*ton*ite (?), n.
(Min.) A grayish white zeolitic mineral, in
tetragonal crystals. It is a hydrous silicate of alumina and
baryta.
Ed"it (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Edited; p. pr.
& vb. n. Editing.] [F.
\'82diter, or L. editus, p. p. of
edere to give out, put forth, publish; e
out + dare to give. See Date a point of
time.] To superintend the publication of; to revise
and prepare for publication; to select, correct, arrange, etc.,
the matter of, for publication; as, to edit a
newspaper.
Philosophical treatises which have never been
edited.
Enfield.
E*di"tion (?), n. [L.
editio, fr. edere to publish; cf. F.
\'82dition. See Edit.]
1. A literary work edited and published, as by a
certain editor or in a certain manner; as, a good
edition of Chaucer; Chalmers' edition of
Shakespeare.
2. The whole number of copies of a work printed and
published at one time; as, the first edition was
soon sold.
\'d8\'90`di`tion" de luxe" (?). [F.]
See Luxe.
E*di`tion*er (?), n. An
editor. [Obs.]
Ed"i*tor (?), n. [L., that
which produces, from edere to publish: cf. F.
\'82diteur.] One who edits; esp., a person
who prepares, superintends, revises, and corrects a book,
magazine, or newspaper, etc., for publication.
Ed`i*to"ri*al (?), a. Of or
pertaining to an editor; written or sanctioned by an editor;
as, editorial labors; editorial
remarks.
<-- editorial content -->
Ed`i*to"ri*al, n. A leading article in a
newspaper or magazine; an editorial article; an article published
as an expression of the views of the editor.
Ed`i*to"ri*al*ly (?), adv. In
the manner or character of an editor or of an editorial
article.
Ed"i*tor*ship (?), n. The
office or charge of an editor; care and superintendence of a
publication.
Ed"i*tress (?), n. A female
editor.
E*dit"u*ate (?), v. t. [LL.
aedituatus, p. p. of aedituare, fr. L.
aedituus a temple warden; aedes building,
temple + tueri to guard.] To guard as a
churchwarden does. [Obs.]
J. Gregory.
E"dom*ite (?), n. One of the
descendants of Esau or Edom, the brother of Jacob; an
Idumean.
\'d8Ed`ri*oph*thal"ma (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / steadfast + / the eye.]
(Zo\'94l.) A group of Crustacea in which the eyes
are without stalks; the Arthrostraca. [Written also
Edriophthalmata.]
Ed`ri*oph*thal"mous (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the Edriophthalma.
Ed`u*ca*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf.
F. \'82ducabilit\'82.] Capability of being
educated.
Ed"u*ca*ble (?; 135), a. [Cf.
F. \'82ducable.] Capable of being
educated. \'bdMen are educable.\'b8
M. Arnold.
Ed"u*cate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Educated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Educating
(?).] [L. educatus, p. p. of
educare to bring up a child physically or mentally, to
educate, fr. educere to /ed forth, bring up (a
child). See Educe.] To bring /// or
guide the powers of, as a child; to develop and cultivate,
whether physically, mentally, or morally, but more commonly
limited to the mental activities or senses; to expand,
strengthen, and discipline, as the mind, a faculty, etc.,; to
form and regulate the principles and character of; to prepare and
fit for any calling or business by systematic instruction; to
cultivate; to train; to instruct; as, to educate a
child; to educate the eye or the taste.
Syn. -- To develop; instruct; teach; inform; enlighten;
edify; bring up; train; breed; rear; discipline;
indoctrinate.
Ed"u*ca`ted (?), a. Formed or
developed by education; as, an educated
man.
Ed`u*ca"tion (?; 135), n. [L.
educatio; cf. F. \'82ducation.]
The act or process of educating; the result of educating, as
determined by the knowledge skill, or discipline of character,
acquired; also, the act or process of training by a prescribed or
customary course of study or discipline; as, an
education for the bar or the pulpit; he has finished his
education.
To prepare us for complete living is the function which
education has to discharge.
H. Spenser.
Syn. -- Education, Instruction,
Teaching, Training, Breeding.
Education, properly a drawing forth,
implies not so much the communication of knowledge as the
discipline of the intellect, the establishment of the principles,
and the regulation of the heart. Instruction is that
part of education which furnishes the mind with knowledge.
Teaching is the same, being simply more familiar. It
is also applied to practice; as, teaching to speak a
language; teaching a dog to do tricks.
Training is a department of education in which the
chief element is exercise or practice for the purpose of
imparting facility in any physical or mental operation.
Breeding commonly relates to the manners and outward
conduct.
Ed`u*ca"tion*al (?), a. Of or
pertaining to education. \'bdHis educational
establishment.\'b8
J. H. Newman.
Ed`u*ca"tion*ist, n. One who is versed
in the theories of, or who advocates and promotes,
education.
Ed"u*ca*tive (?; 135), a. [Cf.
F. \'82ducatif.] Tending to educate; that
gives education; as, an educative process; an
educative experience.
Ed"u*ca`tor (?), n. [L.]
One who educates; a teacher.
E*duce" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Educed (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Educing
(?).] [L. educere;
e out + ducere to lead. See
Duke.] To bring or draw out; to cause to
appear; to produce against counter agency or influence; to
extract; to evolve; as, to educe a form from
matter.
The eternal art educing good from ill.
Pope.
They want to educe and cultivate what is best and
noblest in themselves.
M. Arnold.
E*du"ci*ble (?), a. Capable of
being educed.
E"duct (?), n. [L.
eductum, fr. educere.] That
which is educed, as by analysis.
Sir W. Hamilton.
E*duc"tion (?), n. [L.
eductio.] The act of drawing out or
bringing into view.
Eduction pipe, Eduction
port. See Exhaust pipe and
Exhaust port, under Exhaust,
a.
E*duc"tive (?), a. Tending to
draw out; extractive.
E*duc"tor (?), n. [L.,
tutor.] One who, or that which, brings forth, elicits,
or extracts.
Stimulus must be called an eductor of vital
ether.
E. Darwin.
E*dul"co*rant (?), a. [See
Edulcorate.] Having a tendency to purify or
to sweeten by removing or correcting acidity and acrimony.
E*dul"co*rant, n. An edulcorant
remedy.
E*dul"co*rate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Edulcorated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Edulcorating.] [L. e ou/ +
dulcoratus, p. p. of dulcorare to sweeten,
fr. dulcor sweetness, fr. dulcis sweet: cf.
F. \'82dulcorer.]
1. To render sweet; to sweeten; to free from
acidity.
Succory . . . edulcorated with sugar and
vinegar.
Evelyn.
2. (Chem.) To free from acids, salts, or
other soluble substances, by washing; to purify.
[R.]
E*dul`co*ra"tion (?), n. [Cf.
F. \'82dulcoration.]
1. The act of sweetening or edulcorating.
2. (Chem.) The act of freeing from acids
or any soluble substances, by affusions of water.
[R.]
Ure.
<-- p. 472 -->
E*dul"co*ra*tive (?), a.
Tending to /weeten or purify by affusions of water.
E*dul"co*ra`tor (?), n. A
contrivance used to supply small quantities of sweetened liquid,
water, etc., to any mixture, or to test tubes, etc.; a dropping
bottle.
E*du"li*ous (?), a. [L.
edulis, fr. edere to eat.]
Edible. [Obs.] \'bdEdulious
pulses.\'b8
Sir T. Browne.
-ee (?). [Formed on the F. p. p. ending
-\'82, masc.] A suffix used, chiefly in law
terms, in a passive signification, to indicate the direct or
indirect object of an action, or the one to whom an
act is done or on whom a right is
conferred; as in assignee, donee,
alienee, grantee, etc. It is correlative to
-or, the agent or doer.
{ Eek, Eeke (?) }, v.
t. See Eke. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Eel (?), n. [AS.
/l; akin to D., G., & Dan. aal, Icel.
\'bell, Sw. \'86l.]
(Zo\'94l.) An elongated fish of many genera and
species. The common eels of Europe and America belong to the
genus Anguilla. The electrical eel is a species of
Gymnotus. The so called vinegar eel is
a minute nematode worm. See Conger eel, Electric
eel, and Gymnotus.
Eel"buck` (?), n. An eelpot or
eel basket.
Eel"fare` (?), n.
[Eel + fare a journey or
passage.] (Zo\'94l.) A brood of eels.
[Prov. Eng.]
Eel"grass` (?), n. (Bot.)
A plant (Zostera marina), with very long and
narrow leaves, growing abundantly in shallow bays along the North
Atlantic coast.
Eel"-moth`er (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) The eelpout.
Eel"pot` (?), n. A boxlike
structure with funnel-shaped traps for catching eels; an
eelbuck.
Eel"pout` (?), n. [AS.
/lepute.] (Zo\'94l.) (a)
A European fish (Zoarces viviparus), remarkable
for producing living young; -- called also
greenbone, guffer,
bard, and Maroona eel.
Also, an American species (Z. anguillaris), -- called
also mutton fish, and, erroneously,
congo eel, ling, and
lamper eel. Both are edible, but of little
value. (b) A fresh-water fish, the
burbot.
Eel"spear` (?), n. A spear with
barbed forks for spearing eels.
E'en (?), adv. A contraction
for even. See Even.
I have e'en done with you.
L'Estrange.
Een (?), n. The old plural of
Eye.
And eke with fatness swollen were his een.
Spenser.
E'er (?; 277), adv. A
contraction for ever. See Ever.
{ Ee"rie, Ee"ry } (?),
a. [Scotch, fr. AS. earh timid.]
1. Serving to inspire fear, esp. a dread of seeing
ghosts; wild; weird; as, eerie stories.
She whose elfin prancer springs
By night to eery warblings.
Tennyson.
2. Affected with fear; affrighted.
Burns.
Ee"ri*ly (?), adv. In a
strange, unearthly way.
Ee"ri*some (?), a. Causing
fear; eerie. [Scot.]
Eet (?), obs. imp. of
Eat.
Chaucer.
Ef"fa*ble (?), a. [L.
effabilis; ex out + fari to
speak.] Capable of being uttered or explained;
utterable.
Barrow.
Ef*face" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Effaced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Effacing
(?).] [F. effacer; pref.
es- (L. ex) + face face; prop.,
to destroy the face or form. See Face, and cf.
Deface.]
1. To cause to disappear (as anything impresses or
inscribed upon a surface) by rubbing out, striking out, etc.; to
erase; to render illegible or indiscernible; as, to
efface the letters on a monument, or the inscription on
a coin.
2. To destroy, as a mental impression; to wear
away.
Efface from his mind the theories and notions
vulgarly received.
Bacon.
Syn. -- To blot out; expunge; erase; obliterate; cancel;
destroy. -- Efface, Deface. To
deface is to injure or impair a figure; to
efface is to rub out or destroy, so as to render
invisible.
Ef*face"a*ble (?), a. Capable
of being effaced.
Ef*face"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
effacement.] The act if effacing; also, the
result of the act.
Ef*fas"ci*nate (?), v. t. [L.
effascinare.] To charm; to bewitch.
[Obs.]
Heywood.
Ef*fas`ci*na"tion (?), n. [L.
effascinatio.] A charming; state of being
bewitched or deluded. [Obs.]
Ef*fect" (?), n. [L.
effectus, fr. efficere,
effectum, to effect; ex + facere to make:
cf. F. effet, formerly also spelled effect.
See Fact.]
1. Execution; performance; realization; operation;
as, the law goes into effect in May.
That no compunctious visitings of nature
Shake my fell purpose, nor keep peace between
The effect and it.
Shak.
2. Manifestation; expression; sign.
All the large effects
That troop with majesty.
Shak.
3. In general: That which is produced by an agent
or cause; the event which follows immediately from an antecedent,
called the cause; result; consequence; outcome; fruit;
as, the effect of luxury.
The effect is the unfailing index of the amount of
the cause.
Whewell.
4. Impression left on the mind; sensation
produced.
Patchwork . . . introduced for oratorical
effect.
J. C. Shairp.
The effect was heightened by the wild and lonely
nature of the place.
W. Irving.
5. Power to produce results; efficiency; force;
importance; account; as, to speak with
effect.
6. Consequence intended; purpose; meaning; general
intent; -- with to.
They spake to her to that effect.
2 Chron. xxxiv. 22.
7. The purport; the sum and substance.
\'bdThe effect of his intent.\'b8
Chaucer.
8. Reality; actual meaning; fact, as distinguished
from mere appearance.
No other in effect than what it seems.
Denham.
9. pl. Goods; movables; personal
estate; -- sometimes used to embrace real as well as personal
property; as, the people escaped from the town with their
effects.
For effect, for an exaggerated impression or
excitement. -- In effect, in fact; in
substance. See 8, above. -- Of no effect,
Of none effect, To no effect, Without effect, destitute of results,
validity, force, and the like; vain; fruitless. \'bdMaking
the word of God of none effect through your
tradition.\'b8 Mark vii. 13. \'bdAll my study be to
no effect.\'b8 Shak. -- To give effect
to, to make valid; to carry out in practice; to push to
its results. -- To take effect, to become
operative, to accomplish aims.
Shak.
Syn. -- Effect, Consequence,
Result. These words indicate things which
arise out of some antecedent, or follow as a consequent.
Effect, which may be regarded as the generic term,
denotes that which springs directly from something which can
properly be termed a cause. A consequence is more
remote, not being strictly caused, nor yet a mere sequence, but
following out of and following indirectly, or in the train of
events, something on which it truly depends. A result
is still more remote and variable, like the rebound of an elastic
body which falls in very different directions. We may foresee the
effects of a measure, may conjecture its
consequences, but can rarely discover its final
results.
Resolving all events, with their effects
And manifold results, into the will
And arbitration wise of the Supreme.
Cowper.
Shun the bitter consequence, for know,
The day thou eatest thereof, . . . thou shalt die.
Milton.
Ef*fect" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Effected; p.
pr. & vb. n. Effecting.]
1. To produce, as a cause or agent; to cause to
be.
So great a body such exploits to effect.
Daniel.
2. To bring to pass; to execute; to enforce; to
achieve; to accomplish.
To effect that which the divine counsels had
decreed.
Bp. Hurd.
They sailed away without effecting their
purpose.
Jowett (Th. ).
Syn. -- To accomplish; fulfill; achieve; complete; execute;
perform; attain. See Accomplish.
Ef*fect"er (?), n. One who
effects.
Ef*fect"i*ble (?), a. Capable
of being done or achieved; practicable; feasible.
Sir T. Browne.
Ef*fec"tion (?), n. [L.
effectio: cf. F. effection.]
Creation; a doing. [R.]
Sir M. Hale.
Ef*fect"ive (?), a. [L.
effectivus: cf. F. effectif.]
Having the power to produce an effect or effects; producing
a decided or decisive effect; efficient; serviceable; operative;
as, an effective force, remedy, speech; the
effective men in a regiment.
They are not effective of anything, nor leave no
work behind them.
Bacon.
Whosoever is an effective, real cause of doing his
heighbor wrong, is criminal.
Jer. Taylor.
Syn. -- Efficient; forcible; active; powerful; energetic;
competent. See Effectual.
Ef*fect"ive, n. 1. That which
produces a given effect; a cause.
Jer. Taylor.
2. One who is capable of active service.
He assembled his army -- 20,000 effectives -- at
Corinth.
W. P. Johnston.
3. [F. effectif real, effective, real
amount.] (Com.) Specie or coin, as
distinguished from paper currency; -- a term used in many parts
of Europe.
Simmonds.
Ef*fect"ive*ly, adv. With effect;
powerfully; completely; thoroughly.
Ef*fect"ive*ness, n. The quality of
being effective.
Ef*fect"less (?), a. Without
effect or advantage; useless; bootless. Shak. --
Ef*fect"less*ly, adv.
Ef*fect"or (?), n. [L.]
An effecter.
Derham.
Ef*fec"tu*al (?; 135), a. [See
Effect, n.] Producing, or having
adequate power or force to produce, an intended effect; adequate;
efficient; operative; decisive.
Shak.
Effectual steps for the suppression of the
rebellion.
Macaulay.
Effectual calling (Theol.), a
doctrine concerning the work of the Holy Spirit in producing
conviction of sin and acceptance of salvation by Christ, -- one
of the five points of Calvinism. See
Calvinism.
Syn. -- Effectual, Efficacious,
Effective. An efficacious
remedy is had recourse to, and proves effective if it
does decided good, effectual if it does all the good
desired.
C. J. Smith.
Ef*fec"tu*al*ly, adv. 1. With
effect; efficaciously.
2. Actually; in effect. [Obs.]
Fuller.
Ef*fec"tu*al*ness, n. The quality of
being effectual.
Ef*fec"tu*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Effectuated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Effectuating.] [Cf. F.
effectuer. See Effect, n. &
v. t.] To bring to pass; to effect; to
achieve; to accomplish; to fulfill.
A fit instrument to effectuate his desire.
Sir P. Sidney.
In order to effectuate the thorough reform.
G. T. Curtis.
Ef*fec`tu*a"tion (?), n. Act of
effectuating.
{ Ef*fec"tu*ose` (?),
Ef*fec"tu*ous (?), } a.
Effective. [Obs.]
B. Jonson.
Ef*fec"tu*ous*ly, adv.
Effectively. [Obs.]
Ef*fem"i*na*cy (?), n.; pl.
Effeminacies (#). [From
Effeminate.] Characteristic quality of a
woman, such as softness, luxuriousness, delicacy, or weakness,
which is unbecoming a man; womanish delicacy or softness; -- used
reproachfully of men.
Milton.
Ef*fem"i*nate (?), a. [L.
effeminatus, p. p. of effeminare to make a
woman of; ex out + femina a woman. See
Feminine, a.]
1. Having some characteristic of a woman, as
delicacy, luxuriousness, etc.; soft or delicate to an unmanly
degree; womanish; weak.
The king, by his voluptuous life and mean marriage, became
effeminate, and less sensible of honor.
Bacon.
An effeminate and unmanly foppery.
Bp. Hurd.
2. Womanlike; womanly; tender; -- in a good
sense.
Gentle, kind, effeminate remorse.
Shak.
Effeminate and womanish are
generally used in a reproachful sense; feminine and
womanly, applied to women, are epithets of propriety
or commendation.
Ef*fem"i*nate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Effeminated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Effeminating
(?).] To make womanish; to make soft
and delicate; to weaken.
It will not corrupt or effeminate children's
minds.
Locke.
Ef*fem"i*nate, v. i. To grow womanish or
weak.
In a slothful peace both courage will effeminate
and manners corrupt.
Pope.
Ef*fem"i*nate*ly (?), adv.
1. In an effeminate or womanish manner; weakly;
softly; delicately. \'bdProud and effeminately
gay.\'b8
Fawkes.
2. By means of a woman; by the power or art of a
woman. [R.] \'bdEffeminately
vanquished.\'b8
Milton.
Ef*fem"i*nate*ness, n. The state of
being effeminate; unmanly softness.
Fuller.
Ef*fem`i*na"tion (?), n. [L.
effeminatio.] Effeminacy;
womanishness. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Ef*fem"i*nize (?), v. t. To
make effeminate. [Obs.]
\'d8Ef*fen"di (?), n. [Turk.
efendi, fr. Modern Gr. /, fr. Gr. / a chief. See
Authentic.] Master; sir; -- a title of a
Turkish state official and man of learning, especially one
learned in the law.
Ef"fe*rent (?), a. [L.
efferens, -entis, p. pr. of
effere to bear out; ex out +
ferre to bear.] (Physiol.)
(a) Conveying outward, or discharging; -- applied
to certain blood vessels, lymphatics, nerves, etc.
(b) Conveyed outward; as, efferent
impulses, i. e., such as are conveyed by the motor or
efferent nerves from the central nervous organ
outwards; -- opposed to afferent.
Ef"fe*rent (?), n. An efferent
duct or stream.
Ef"fer*ous (?), a. [L.
efferus savage; ex (intens.) +
ferus wild.] Like a wild beast;
fierce. [Obs.]
Ef`fer*vesce" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Effervesced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Effervescing
(?).] [L. effervescere;
ex + fervescere to begin boiling, incho., fr.
fervere to boil. See Fervent.]
1. To be in a state of natural ebullition; to
bubble and hiss, as fermenting liquors, or any fluid, when some
part escapes in a gaseous form.
2. To exhibit, in lively natural expression,
feelings that can not be repressed or concealed; as, to
effervesce with joy or merriment.
{ Ef`fer*ves"cence (?),
Ef`fer*ves"cen*cy (?), } n.
[Cf. F. effervescence.] A kind of
natural ebullition; that commotion of a fluid which takes place
when some part of the mass flies off in a gaseous form, producing
innumerable small bubbles; as, the effervescence of
a carbonate with citric acid.
Ef`fer*ves"cent (?), a. [L.
effervescences, p. pr. of effervescere: cf.
F. effervescent.] Gently boiling or
bubbling, by means of the disengagement of gas
Ef`fer*ves"ci*ble (?), a.
Capable of effervescing.
Ef`fer*ves"cive (?), a. Tending
to produce effervescence. \'bdAn effervescive
force.\'b8
Hickok.
Ef"fet (?), n. [See
Eft, n.] (Zo\'94l.) The
common newt; -- called also asker,
eft, evat, and
ewt.
Ef*fete" (?), a. [L.
effetus that has brought forth, exhausted; ex +
fetus that has brought forth. See Fetus.]
No longer capable of producing young, as an animal, or
fruit, as the earth; hence, worn out with age; exhausted of
energy; incapable of efficient action; no longer productive;
barren; sterile.
Effete results from virile efforts.
Mrs. Browning
If they find the old governments effete, worn out,
. . . they may seek new ones.
Burke.
Ef`fi*ca"cious (?), a. [L.
eficax, -acis, fr. efficere. See
Effect, n.] Possessing the quality
of being effective; productive of, or powerful to produce, the
effect intended; as, an efficacious law.
Syn. -- See Effectual.
-- Ef`fi*ca"cious*ly, adv. --
Ef`fi*ca"cious*ness, n.
Ef`fi*cac"i*ty (?), n. [L.
efficacitas: cf. F. efficacit\'82.]
Efficacy. [R.]
J. Fryth.
Ef"fi*ca*cy (?), n. [L.
efficacia, fr. efficax. See
Efficacious.] Power to produce effects;
operation or energy of an agent or force; production of the
effect intended; as, the efficacy of medicine in
counteracting disease; the efficacy of
prayer. \'bdOf noxious efficacy.\'b8
Milton.
Syn. -- Virtue; force; energy; potency; efficiency.
{ Ef*fi"cience (?), Ef*fi"cien*cy
(?), } n. [L.
efficientia.]
1. The quality of being efficient or producing an
effect or effects; efficient power; effectual agency.
The manner of this divine efficiency being far
above us.
Hooker.
2. (Mech.) The ratio of useful work to
energy expended.
Rankine.
Efficiency of a heat engine, the ratio of the
work done an engine, to the work due to the heat supplied to
it.
Ef*fi"cient (?), a. [L.
efficiens, -entis, p. pr. of
efficere to effect: cf. F. efficient. See
Effect, n.] Causing effects;
producing results; that makes the effect to be what it is;
actively operative; not inactive, slack, or incapable;
characterized by energetic and useful activity; as, an
efficient officer, power.
The efficient cause is the working cause.
Wilson.
Syn. -- Effective; effectual; competent; able; capable;
material; potent.
<-- p. 473 -->
Ef*fi"cient (?), n. An
efficient cause; a prime mover.
God . . . moveth mere natural agents as an
efficient only.
Hooker.
Ef*fi"cient*ly, adv. With effect;
effectively.
Ef*fierce" (?), v. t. [Pref.
ex- (intens.) + fierce.] To make
fierce. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Ef*fig"i*al (?), a. Relating to
an effigy.
Ef*fig"i*ate (?), v. t. [L.
effigiatus, p. p. of effigiare to form, fr.
effigies. See Effigy.] To form as
an effigy; hence, to fashion; to adapt.
[He must] effigiate and conform himself to those
circumstances.
Jer. Taylor.
Ef*fig`i*a"tion (?), n. [Cf.
LL. effigiatio.] The act of forming in
resemblance; an effigy.
Fuller.
\'d8Ef*fig"i*es (?), n.
[L.] See Effigy.
Dryden.
Ef"fi*gy (?), n.; pl.
Effigies (#). [L.
effigies, fr. effingere to form, fashion;
ex + fingere to form, shape, devise. See
Feign.] The image, likeness, or
representation of a person, whether a full figure, or a part; an
imitative figure; -- commonly applied to sculptured likenesses,
as those on monuments, or to those of the heads of princes on
coins and medals, sometimes applied to portraits.
To burn, To hang, in
effigy, to burn or to hang an image or picture
of a person, as a token of public odium.
Ef*flag"i*tate (?), v. t. [L.
efflagitatus, p. p. of efflagitare.]
To ask urgently. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
Ef*flate" (?), v. t. [L.
efflatus, p. p. of efflare to blow or
breathe out; ex + flare to blow.] To fill
with breath; to puff up.
Sir T. Herbert.
Ef*fla"tion (?), n. The act of
filling with wind; a breathing or puffing out; a puff, as of
wind.
A soft efflation of celestial fire.
Parnell.
Ef`flo*resce" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Effloresced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Efflorescing
(?).] [L. efflorescere to
bloom, blossom; ex + florescere to begin to blossom,
incho., fr. florere to blossom, fr. flos a
flower. See Flower.]
1. To blossom forth.
Carlyle.
2. (Chem.) To change on the surface, or
throughout, to a whitish, mealy, or crystalline powder, from a
gradual decomposition, esp. from the loss of water, on simple
exposure to the air; as, Glauber's salts, and many others,
effloresce.
3. To become covered with a whitish crust or light
crystallization, from a slow chemical change between some of the
ingredients of the matter covered and an acid proceeding commonly
from an external source; as, the walls of limestone caverns
sometimes effloresce with nitrate of calcium in
consequence of the action in consequence of nitric acid formed in
the atmosphere.
Ef`flo*res"cence (?), n. [F.
efflorescence.]
1. (Bot.) Flowering, or state of
flowering; the blooming of flowers; blowth.
2. (Med.) A redness of the skin;
eruption, as in rash, measles, smallpox, scarlatina, etc.
3. (Chem.) (a) The formation of
the whitish powder or crust on the surface of efflorescing
bodies, as salts, etc. (b) The powder or
crust thus formed.
Ef`flo*res"cen*cy (?), n. The
state or quality of being efflorescent; efflorescence.
Ef`flo*res"cent (?), a. [F.
efflorescent, L. efflorescens,
-entis, blooming, p. pr. of efflorescere.
See Effloresce, v. i.]
1. That effloresces, or is liable to effloresce on
exposure; as, an efflorescent salt.
2. Covered with an efflorescence.
Ef*flow"er (?), v. t. [Cf. F.
effleurer.] (Leather Making) To
remove the epidermis of (a skin) with a concave knife, blunt in
its middle part, -- as in making chamois leather.
Ef"flu*ence (?), n. [Cf. F.
effluence.]
1. A flowing out, or emanation.
2. That which flows or issues from any body or
substance; issue; efflux.
Bright effluence of bright essence increate!
Milton.
And, as if the gloom of the earth and sky had been but the
effluence of these two mortal hearts, it vanished with
their sorrow.
Hawthorne.
Ef"flu*en*cy (?), n.
Effluence.
Ef"flu*ent (?), a. [L.
effluens, -entis, p. pr. of
effluere to flow out; ex + fluere to flow:
cf. F. effluent. See Fluent.]
Flowing out; as, effluent beams.
Parnell.
Ef"flu*ent, n. (Geog.) A
stream that flows out of another stream or lake.
Ef*flu"vi*a*ble (?), a. Capable
of being given off as an effluvium.
\'bdEffluviable matter.\'b8
Boyle.
Ef*flu"vi*al (?), a. Belonging
to effluvia.
Ef*flu"vi*ate (?), v. i. To
give forth effluvium. [R.] \'bdAn
effluviating power.\'b8
Boyle.
Ef*flu"vi*um (?), n.; pl.
Effluvia (#). [L., a flowing out,
fr. effluere to flow out. See Effluent,
a.] Subtile or invisible emanation;
exhalation perceived by the sense of smell; especially, noisome
or noxious exhalation; as, the effluvium from
diseased or putrefying bodies, or from ill drainage.
Ef"flux (?), n. [See
Effluent, Flux.]
1. The act or process of flowing out, or issuing
forth; effusion; outflow; as, the efflux of matter
from an ulcer; the efflux of men's piety.
It is then that the devout affections . . . are incessantly in
efflux.
I. Taylor.
2. That which flows out; emanation;
effluence.
Prime cheerer, light! . . .
Efflux divine.
Thomson.
Ef*flux" (?), v. i. To run out;
to flow forth; to pass away. [Obs.]
Boyle.
Ef*flux"ion (?), n. [From
Efflux.]
1. The act of flowing out; effusion.
2. That which flows out; effluvium;
emanation.
Some light effluxions from spirit to spirit.
Bacon.
Ef*fo"di*ent (?), a. [L.
effodiens, p. pr. of effodere to dig out;
ex + fodere to dig.] Digging up.
Ef*force (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Efforced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Efforcing
(?).] [OF. esforcier (F.
s'efforcer to exert one's self), LL.
exforciare; L. ex + fortis strong. See
Force.] To force; to constrain; to compel to
yield. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Ef*form" (?), v. t. [Pref.
ex- + form.] To form; to
shape. [Obs.]
Efforming their words within their lips.
Jer. Taylor.
Ef`for*ma"tion (?), n. The act
of giving shape or form. [Obs.]
Ray.
Ef"fort (?), n. [F.
effort, OF. esfort, for esfors,
esforz, fr. esforcier. See
Efforce.]
1. An exertion of strength or power, whether
physical or mental, in performing an act or aiming at an object;
more or less strenuous endeavor; struggle directed to the
accomplishment of an object; as, an effort to scale
a wall.
We prize the stronger effort of his power.
Pope.
2. (Mech.) A force acting on a body in
the direction of its motion.
Rankine.
Syn. -- Endeavor; exertion; struggle; strain; straining;
attempt; trial; essay. See Attempt.
Ef"fort, v. t. To stimulate.
[Obs.] \'bdHe efforted his spirits.\'b8
Fuller.
Ef"fort*less, a. Making no effort.
Southey.
Ef*fos"sion (?), n. [L.
effossio. See Effodient.] A
digging out or up. [R.] \'bdThe
effossion of coins.\'b8
Arbuthnot.
Ef*fran"chise (?), v. t. [Pref.
ex- + franchise: cf. OF.
esfranchir.] To enfranchise.
Ef*fray" (?), v. t. [F.
effrayer. See Affray.] To
frighten; to scare. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Ef*fray"a*ble (?), a.
Frightful. [Obs.]
Harvey.
Ef`fre*na"tion (?), n. [L.
effrenatio, fr. effrenare to unbridle;
ex + frenum a bridle.] Unbridled license;
unruliness. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
Ef*front" (?), v. t. To give
assurance to. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Ef*front"er*y (?), n.; pl.
Effronteries (#). [F.
effronterie, fr. effront\'82 shameless, fr.
L. effrons, -ontis, putting forth the
forehead, i. e., barefaced, shameless;
ex + frons the forehead. See
Front.] Impudence or boldness in confronting
or in transgressing the bounds of duty or decorum; insulting
presumptuousness; shameless boldness; barefaced assurance.
Corruption lost nothing of its effrontery.
Bancroft.
Syn. -- Impudence; sauciness. See Impudence.
Ef*front"it (?), a. [F.
effront\'82.] Marked by impudence.
[Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.
Ef*fron"tu*ous*ly (?; 135), adv.
Impudently. [Obs.]
R. North.
Ef*fulge" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Effulged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Effulging
(?).] [L. effulgere to shine
forth; ex + fulgere to flash, shine. See
Fulgent.] To cause to shine with abundance of
light; to radiate; to beam. [R.]
His eyes effulging a peculiar fire.
Thomson.
Ef*fulge", v. i. To shine forth; to
beam.
Ef*ful"gence (?), n. The state
of being effulgent; extreme brilliancy; a flood of light; great
luster or brightness; splendor.
The effulgence of his glory abides.
Milton.
The bright and the balmy effulgence of morn.
Beattie.
Ef*ful"gent (?), a. [L.
effulgens, -entis, p. pr. of
effulgere.] Diffusing a flood of light;
shining; luminous; beaming; bright; splendid.
\'bdEffulgent rays of light.\'b8
Cowper.
Ef*ful"gent*ly, adv. In an effulgent
manner.
Ef*fu`ma*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
capability of flying off in fumes or vapor.
[Obs.]
Boyle.
Ef*fume" (?), v. t. [L.
effumare to emit smoke; ex + fumare to
smoke, fr. fumus smoke.] To breathe or puff
out. [Obs.]
B. Jonson.
Ef*fund" (?), v. t. [L.
effundere. See Effuse.] To pour
out. [Obs.]
Dr. H. More.
Ef*fuse" (?), a. [L.
effusus, p. p. of effundere to pour out;
ex + fundere to pour. See Fuse to
melt.]
1. Poured out freely; profuse.
[Obs.]
So should our joy be very effuse.
Barrow.
2. Disposed to pour out freely; prodigal.
[Obs.]
Young.
3. (Bot.) Spreading loosely, especially
on one side; as, an effuse inflorescence.
Loudon.
4. (Zo\'94l.) Having the lips, or edges,
of the aperture abruptly spreading; -- said of certain
shells.
Ef*fuse", n. Effusion; loss.
\'bdMuch effuse of blood.\'b8
Shak.
Ef*fuse" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Effused
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Effusing.] To pour out like a stream or
freely; to cause to exude; to shed. [R.]
With gushing blood effused.
Milton.
Ef*fuse", v. i. To emanate; to
issue.
Thomson.
Ef*fu"sion (?), n. [L.
effusio: cf. F. effusion.]
1. The act of pouring out; as,
effusion of water, of blood, of grace, of words, and the
like.
To save the effusion of my people's blood.
Dryden.
2. That which is poured out, literally or
figuratively.
Wash me with that precious effusion, and I shall be
whiter than sow.
Eikon Basilike.
The light effusions of a heedless boy.
Byron.
3. (Pathol.) (a) The escape of
a fluid out of its natural vessel, either by rupture of the
vessel, or by exudation through its walls. It may pass into the
substance of an organ, or issue upon a free surface.
(b) The liquid escaping or exuded.
Ef*fu"sive (?), a. Pouring out;
pouring forth freely. \'bdWashed with the
effusive wave.\'b8
Pope.
Effusive rocks (Geol.), volcanic
rocks, in distinction from so-called intrusive, or
plutonic, rocks.
-- Ef*fu"sive*ly, adv. --
Ef*fu"sive*ness, n.
Ef"reet (?), n. See
Afrit.
Eft (?), n. [AS.
efete lizard. See Newt.]
(Zo\'94l.) (a) A European lizard of the
genus Seps. (b) A salamander, esp.
the European smooth newt (Triton punctatus).
Eft, adv. [AS. eft,
\'91ft, again, back, afterward. See Aft,
After.] Again; afterwards; soon;
quickly. [Obs.]
I wold never eft comen into the snare.
Spenser.
{ Eft*soon" (?), Eft*soons"
(?), } adv. [OE.
eftsone, eftsones; AS. eft +
s/na soon. See Eft, and Soon.]
Again; anew; a second time; at once; speedily.
[Archaic]
And, if he fall from his capel [horse] eftsone.
Chaucer.
The champion stout eftsoons dismounted.
Spenser.
E*gad" (?), interj.
[Euphemistic corruption of the oath, \'bdby God.\'b8]
An exclamation expressing exultation or surprise, etc.
E"gal (?), a. [F.
\'82gal. See Equal.] Equal;
impartial. [Obs.]
Shak.
E*gal"i*ty (?), n. [OE.
egalite, F. \'82galit\'82.]
Equality.
Chaucer. Tennyson.
E*ge"an (?), a. See
\'92gean.
E"gence (?), n. [L.
egens, -entis, p. pr. of egere
to be needy, suffer want.] The state of needing, or of
suffering a natural want. [R.]
J. Grote.
{ E"ger (?), E"gre },
a. [See Eager.] Sharp;
bitter; acid; sour. [Obs.]
The egre words of thy friend.
Chaucer.
E"ger, n. An impetuous flood; a bore.
See Eagre.
E*ger"mi*nate (?), v. i. [From
L. egerminare to sprout.] To
germinate. [Obs.]
E*gest" (?), v. t. [L.
egestus, p. p. of egerere to carry out, to
discharge; e out + gerere to carry.]
(Physiol.) To cast or throw out; to void, as
excrement; to excrete, as the indigestible matter of the food; in
an extended sense, to excrete by the lungs, skin, or
kidneys.
\'d8E*ges"ta (?), n. pl. [NL.,
neut. pl. from p. p. of L. egere. See
Egest.] (Physiol.) That which is
egested or thrown off from the body by the various excretory
channels; excrements; -- opposed to ingesta.
E*ges"tion (?), n. [L.
egestio.] Act or process of egesting; a
voiding.
Sir M. Hale.
Egg (?), n. [OE., fr. Icel.
egg; akin to AS. \'91g (whence OE.
ey), Sw. \'84gg, Dan. \'91g, G.
& D. ei, and prob. to OSlav. aje,
jaje, L. ovum, Gr. /, Ir. ugh,
Gael. ubh, and perh. to L. avis bird. Cf.
Oval.]
1. (Popularly) The oval or roundish body
laid by domestic poultry and other birds, tortoises, etc. It
consists of a yolk, usually surrounded by the \'bdwhite\'b8 or
albumen, and inclosed in a shell or strong membrane.
2. (Biol.) A simple cell, from the
development of which the young of animals are formed; ovum; germ
cell.
3. Anything resembling an egg in form.
Egg is used adjectively, or as the first
part of self-explaining compounds; as, egg beater or
egg-beater, egg case, egg ladle,
egg-shaped, etc.
Egg and anchor (Arch.), an
egg-shaped ornament, alternating with another in the form of a
dart, used to enrich the ovolo; -- called also egg and
dart, and egg and tongue. See
Anchor, n., 5. Ogilvie. --
Egg cleavage (Biol.), a process of
cleavage or segmentation, by which the egg undergoes endogenous
division with formation of a mass of nearly similar cells, from
the growth and differentiation of which the new organism is
ultimately formed. See Segmentation of the ovum,
under Segmentation. -- Egg development
(Biol.), the process of the development of an egg,
by which the embryo is formed. -- Egg mite
(Zo\'94l.), any mite which devours the eggs of
insects, as Nothrus ovivorus, which destroys those of
the canker worm. -- Egg parasite
(Zo\'94l.), any small hymenopterous insect, which,
in the larval stage, lives within the eggs of other insects. Many
genera and species are known.
Egg, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Egged (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Egging (?).] [OE.
eggen, Icel. eggja, fr. egg
edge. //. See Edge.] To urge on; to
instigate; to incite/
Adam and Eve he egged to ill.
Piers Plowman.
[She] did egg him on to tell
How fair she was.
Warner.
Eg"gar (?), n. [Etymol.
uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) Any bombycid moth of
the genera Eriogaster and Lasiocampa;
as, the oak eggar (L. roboris) of
Europe.
Egg"-bird` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) A species of tern, esp. the sooty tern
(Sterna fuliginosa) of the West Indies. In the Bahama
Islands the name is applied to the tropic bird, Pha\'89thon
flavirostris.
Egg"-cup` (?), n. A cup used
for holding an egg, at table.
Eg"ge*ment (?), n.
[Egg, v. t. + -ment.]
Instigation; incitement. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Egg"er (?), n. [See
Egg, n.] One who gathers eggs; an
eggler.
Egg"er, n. [See Egg, v.
t.] One who eggs or incites.
Egg"er*y (?), n. A place where
eggs are deposited (as by sea birds) or kept; a nest of
eggs. [R.]
Egg"-glass` (?), n. A small
sandglass, running about three minutes, for marking time in
boiling eggs; also, a small glass for holding an egg, at
table.
Egg"hot` (?), n. A kind of
posset made of eggs, brandy, sugar, and ale.
Lamb.
Egg"ler (?), n. One who
gathers, or deals in, eggs.
Egg`nog" (?), n. A drink
consisting of eggs beaten up with sugar, milk, and (usually) wine
or spirits.
Egg"plant` (?), n. (Bot.)
A plant (Solanum Melongena), of East Indian
origin, allied to the tomato, and bearing a large, smooth, edible
fruit, shaped somewhat like an egg; mad-apple.
<-- p. 474 -->
Egg"-shaped` (?), a. Resembling
an egg in form; ovoid.
Egg"shell` (?), n. 1.
The shell or exterior covering of an egg. Also used
figuratively for anything resembling an eggshell.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A smooth, white, marine,
gastropod shell of the genus Ovulum, resembling an egg
in form.
Egg" squash` (?). A variety of squash with
small egg-shaped fruit.
E"ghen (?), n. pl. Eyes.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Eg`i*lop"ic*al (?), a. [See
\'92gilops.] (Med.) Pertaining to,
of the nature of, or affected with, an \'91gilops, or tumor in
the corner of the eye.
Eg"i*lops (?), n. See
\'92gilops.
{ E*glan"du*lose` (?; 135),
E*glan"du*lous (?), } a.
[Pref. e- + glandulose,
glandulosus.] Destitute of glands.
Eg"lan*tine (?), n. [F.
\'82glantine, fr. OF. aiglent brier, hip
tree, fr. (assumed) LL. acuculentus, fr. a dim. of L.
acus needle; cf. F. aiguille needle. Cf.
Aglet.] (Bot.) (a) A
species of rose (Rosa Eglanteria), with fragrant
foliage and flowers of various colors. (b)
The sweetbrier (R. rubiginosa).
Through the sweetbrier, or the vine,
Or the twisted eglantine.
L'Allegro, 47.
\'bdIn our early writers and in Gerarde and the herbalists, it
was a shrub with white flowers.\'b8
Dr. Prior.
Eg"la*tere (?), n.
Eglantine. [Obs. or R.] [Written
also eglantere.]
Tennyson.
Eg"ling (?), n. [Etymol.
uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) The European perch
when two years old. [Prov. Eng.]
E*glom"er*ate (?), v. t. [Pref.
e- + glomerate.] To unwind, as a
thread from a ball. [R.]
E"go (?), n. [L., I.]
(Met.) The conscious and permanent subject of all
psychical experiences, whether held to be directly known or the
product of reflective thought; -- opposed to
non-ego.
E*go"i*cal (?), a. Pertaining
to egoism. [R.]
E"go*ism (?), n. [F.
\'82go\'8bsme, fr. L. -ego I. See
I, and cf. Egotism.]
1. (Philos.) The doctrine of certain
extreme adherents or disciples of Descartes and Johann Gottlieb
Fichte, which finds all the elements of knowledge in the
ego and the relations which it implies or provides
for.
2. Excessive love and thought of self; the habit of
regarding one's self as the center of every interest;
selfishness; -- opposed to altruism.
E"go*ist, n. [F.
\'82go\'8bste. See Egoism.]
1. One given overmuch to egoism or thoughts of
self.
I, dullard egoist, taking no special recognition of
such nobleness.
Carlyle.
2. (Philos.) A believer in egoism.
{ E`go*is"tic (?), E`go*is"tic*al
(?), } a. Pertaining to egoism;
imbued with egoism or excessive thoughts of self;
self-loving.
Ill-natured feeling, or egoistic pleasure in making
men miserable.
G. Eliot.
E`go*is"tic*al*ly, adv. In an egoistic
manner.
E*go"i*ty (?), n.
Personality. [R.]
Swift.
E"go*mism (?), n. Egoism.
[R.]
A. Baxter.
E`go*phon"ic (?), a. Belonging
to, or resembling, egophony.
E*goph"o*ny (?), n. [Gr. /,
/, goat + / voice.] (Med.) The sound of
a patient's voice so modified as to resemble the bleating of a
goat, heard on applying the ear to the chest in certain diseases
within its cavity, as in pleurisy with effusion.
E"go*the`ism (?), n. [Gr. / I
+ / God.] The deification of self.
[R.]
E"go*tism (?; 277), n. [L.
ego I + ending -tism for -ism,
prob. influenced by other English words in -tism fr.
the Greek, where t is not part of the ending, as
baptism. See Egoism.] The practice
of too frequently using the word I; hence, a speaking
or writing overmuch of one's self; self-exaltation; self-praise;
the act or practice of magnifying one's self or parading one's
own doings. The word is also used in the sense of
egoism.
His excessive egotism, which filled all objects
with himself.
Hazlitt.
Syn. -- Egotism, Self-conceit,
Vanity, Egoism. Self-conceit is an
overweening opinion of one's talents, capacity, attractions,
etc.; egotism is the acting out of
self-conceit, or self-importance, in words and
exterior conduct; vanity is inflation of mind arising
from the idea of being thought highly of by others. It shows
itself by its eagerness to catch the notice of others.
Egoism is a state in which the feelings are
concentrated on one's self. Its expression is
egotism.
E"go*tist (?), n. [L.
ego I + ending -tist for -ist.
See Egotism, and cf. Egoist.] One
addicted to egotism; one who speaks much of himself or magnifies
his own achievements or affairs.
{ E`go*tis"tic (?),
E`go*tis"tic*al (?), } a.
Addicted to, or manifesting, egotism.
Syn. -- Conceited; vain; self-important; opinionated.
E`go*tis"tic*al*ly, adv. With
egotism.
E"go*tize (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Egotized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Egotizing
(?).] [See Egotism.]
To talk or write as an egotist.
Cowper.
E*gran"u*lose` (?), a. [Pref.
e- + granule.] (Bot.)
Having no granules, as chlorophyll in certain
conditions.
R. Brown.
E"gre (?), a. & n. See
Eager, and Eagre. [Obs.]
E*gre"gious (?; 277), a. [L.
egregius; lit., separated or chosen from the herd,
i. e., distinguished, excellent;
e out + grex, gregis, herd. See
Gregarious.] Surpassing; extraordinary;
distinguished (in a bad sense); -- formerly used with words
importing a good quality, but now joined with words having a bad
sense; as, an egregious rascal; an
egregious ass; an egregious mistake.
The egregious impudence of this fellow.
Bp. Hall.
His [Wyclif's] egregious labors are not to be
neglected.
Milton.
E*gre"gious*ly (?), adv.
Greatly; enormously; shamefully; as,
egregiously cheated.
E*gre"gious*ness (?; 277), n.
The state of being egregious.
Eg"re*moin (?), n. [See
Agrimony.] Agrimony (Agrimonia
Eupatoria). [Obs.]
Chaucer.
E"gress (?), n. [L.
egressus, fr. egredi to go out;
e out + gradi to go. See
Grade.]
1. The act of going out or leaving, or the power to
leave; departure.
Embarred from all egress and regress.
Holland.
Gates of burning adamant,
Barred over us, prohibit all egress.
Milton.
2. (Astron.) The passing off from the
sun's disk of an inferior planet, in a transit.
E*gress" (?), v. i. To go out;
to depart; to leave.
E*gres"sion (?), n. [L.
egressio.] The act of going; egress.
[R.]
B. Jonson.
E*gress"or (?), n. One who goes
out. [R.]
E"gret (?), n. [See
Aigret, Heron.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) The name of several
species of herons which bear plumes on the back. They are
generally white. Among the best known species are the American
egret (Ardea, ); the great egret
(A. alba); the little egret (A. garzetta),
of Europe; and the American snowy egret (A.
candidissima).
A bunch of egrets killed for their plumage.
G. W. Cable.
2. A plume or tuft of feathers worn as a part of a
headdress, or anything imitating such an ornament; an
aigrette.
3. (Bot.) The flying feathery or hairy
crown of seeds or achenes, as the down of the thistle.
4. (Zo\'94l.) A kind of ape.
E*grette" (?), n. [See
Aigrette.] Same as Egret,
n., 2.
Eg"ri*mo*ny (?), [Corrupted fr.
agrimony.] (Bot.) The herb
agrimony. [Obs.]
Eg"ri*mo*ny, n. [L.
aegrimonia.] Sorrow.
[Obs.]
E"gri*ot (?), n. [F.
aigrette, griotte, formerly
agriote; cf. aigre sour.] A kind
of sour cherry.
Bacon.
E"gri*tude (?), n. [L.
aegritudo, fr. aeger sick.]
Sickness; ailment; sorrow. [Obs.]
Sir T. Elyot.
E*gyp"tian (?), a. [L.
Aegyptius, Gr. /, fr. / (L. Aegyptus)
Egypt: cf. F. \'82gyptien. Cf. Gypsy.]
Pertaining to Egypt, in Africa.
Egyptian bean. (Bot.) (a)
The beanlike fruit of an aquatic plant (Nelumbium
speciosum), somewhat resembling the water lily.
(b) See under Bean, 1. --
Egyptian cross. See Illust. (No. 6) of
Cross. -- Egyptian thorn
(Bot.), a medium-sized tree (Acacia
vera). It is one of the chief sources of the best gum
arabic.
E*gyp"tian, n. 1. A native, or
one of the people, of Egypt; also, the Egyptian language.
2. A gypsy. [Obs.]
Shak.
E"gypt*ize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Egyptized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Egyptizing
(?).] To give an Egyptian character or
appearance to.
Fairbairn.
{ E`gyp*tol"o*ger (?),
E`gyp*tol"o*gist (?), } n.
One skilled in the antiquities of Egypt; a student of
Egyptology.
E*gyp`to*log"ic*al (?), a. Of,
pertaining to, or devoted to, Egyptology.
E`gyp*tol"o*gy (?), n.
[Egypt + -logy.] The
science or study of Egyptian antiquities, esp. the
hieroglyphics.
Eh (?), interj. [OE.
ei, ey.] An expression of
inquiry or slight surprise.
Eh"lite (?), n. [From
Ehl near Linz, where it occurs.]
(Min.) A mineral of a green color and pearly
luster; a hydrous phosphate of copper.
Ei"der (?), n. [Of Scand.
origin, cf. Icel \'91/r; akin to Sw.
eider, Dan. ederfugl.]
(Zo\'94l.) Any species of sea duck of the genus
Somateria, esp. Somateria mollissima, which
breeds in the northern parts of Europe and America, and lines its
nest with fine down (taken from its own body) which is an article
of commerce; -- called also eider duck. The
American eider (S. Dresseri), the king eider (S.
spectabilis), and the spectacled eider (Arctonetta
Fischeri) are related species.
Eider down. [Cf. Icel.
\'91\'ebard\'d4n, Sw. eiderd\'d4n, Dan.
ederduun.] Down of the eider duck, much
sought after as an article of luxury.
Ei"do*graph (?), n. [Gr. /
form + graph.] An instrument for copying
drawings on the same or a different scale; a form of the
pantograph.
\'d8Ei*do"lon (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. / image. See Idol.] An image or
representation; a form; a phantom; an apparition.
Sir W. Scott.
Eigh (?), interj. An
exclamation expressing delight.
Eight (?), n. [See
Ait.] An island in a river; an ait.
[Obs.] \'bdOsiers on their eights.\'b8
Evelyn.
Eight, a. [AS. eahta; akin to
OS. ahto, OFries. achta, D. & G.
acht, OHG. ahto, Icel. \'betta,
Sw. \'86tta, Dan. otte, Goth.
ahtau, Lith. aszt/ni, Ir. & Gael.
ochd, W. wyth, Armor. eich,
eiz, L. octo, Gr. /, Skr.
ash/an. ////. Cf. Octave.]
Seven and one; as, eight years.
Eight (?), n. 1. The
number greater by a unit than seven; eight units or
objects.
2. A symbol representing eight units, as 8 or
viii.
Eight"een` (?), a. [AS.
eahtat/ne, eahtat/ne. See
Eight, and Ten, and cf. Eighty.]
Eight and ten; as, eighteen pounds.
Eight"een`, n. 1. The number
greater by a unit than seventeen; eighteen units or
objects.
2. A symbol denoting eighteen units, as 18 or
xviii.
Eight`een"mo (?), a. & n. See
Octodecimo.
Eight"eenth` (?), a. [From
Eighteen.]
1. Next in order after the seventeenth.
2. Consisting of one of eighteen equal parts or
divisions of a thing.
Eight"eenth`, n. 1. The
quotient of a unit divided by eighteen; one of eighteen equal
parts or divisions.
2. The eighth after the tenth.
Eight"e*teth`e (?), a. [OE.,
fr. AS. eahtate\'a2/a; eahta eight +
te\'a2/a tenth. Cf. Eighteenth,
Tenth.] Eighteenth. [Obs.]
Eight"fold` (?), a. Eight times
a quantity.
Eighth (?), a. [AS.
eahto/a.]
1. Next in order after the seventh.
2. Consisting of one of eight equal divisions of a
thing.
Eighth note (Mus.), the eighth part
of a whole note, or semibreve; a quaver.
Eighth, n. 1. The quotient of a
unit divided by eight; one of eight equal parts; an eighth
part.
2. (Mus.) The interval of an
octave.
Eighth"ly, adv. As the eighth in
order.
Eight"i*eth (?), a. [From
Eighty.]
1. The next in order after seventy-ninth.
2. Consisting of one of eighty equal parts or
divisions.
Eight"i*eth, n. The quotient of a unit
divided by eighty; one of eighty equal parts.
Eight"ling (?), n.
[Eight + -ling.]
(Crystallog.) A compound or twin crystal made up
of eight individuals.
Eight"score` (?), a. & n. Eight
times twenty; a hundred and sixty.
Eight"y (?), a. [AS.
eahtatig, where the ending -tig is akin to
English ten; cf. G. achtzig. See
Eight, and Ten.] Eight times ten;
fourscore.
Eight"y, n. 1. The sum of eight
times ten; eighty units or objects.
2. A symbol representing eighty units, or ten eight
times repeated, as 80 or lxxx.
Eigne (?), a. [OF.
aisn\'82, ainsn\'82, F.
a\'8cn\'82, fr. L. ante natus born before.
Cf. Esnecy.]
1. (Law) Eldest; firstborn.
Blackstone.
2. Entailed; belonging to the eldest son.
[Obs.]
Bastard eigne, a bastard eldest son whose
parents afterwards intermarry.
Eik"ing (?), n. (Naut.)
See Eking.
\'d8Ei"kon (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. /.] An image or effigy; -- used rather in an
abstract sense, and rarely for a work of art.
Ei"ko*sane (?), n. [Gr.
/.] (Chem.) A solid hydrocarbon,
C20H42, of the paraffine series, of artificial
production, and also probably occurring in petroleum.
Ei*kos"y*lene (?), n. [Gr. /
twenty + acetylene.] (Chem.) A
liquid hydrocarbon, C20H38, of the acetylene
series, obtained from brown coal.
Eild (?), n. [See
Eld.] Age. [Obs.]
Fairfax.
Eire (?), n. Air.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Ei`re*narch (?), n. [See
Irenarch.] (Gr. Antiq.) A justice
of the peace; irenarch.
Ei*ren"ic (?), a. Pacific. See
Irenic.
Ei"rie (?), n. See
Aerie, and Eyrie.
Ei"sel (?), n. [OF.
aisil, aissil, fr. L. acet/m.
Cf. Acetic.] Vinegar; verjuice.
[Obs.]
Sir T. More.
Eis*tedd"fod (?), n. [W.,
session, fr. eistedd to sit.] Am assembly
or session of the Welsh bards; an annual congress of bards,
minstrels and literati of Wales, -- being a patriotic revival of
the old custom.
Ei"ther (?; 277), a. & pron.
[OE. either, aither, AS.
/g/er, /ghw\'91/er (akin to OHG.
/ogiwedar, MHG. iegeweder); \'be +
ge + hw\'91/er whether. See Each, and
Whether, and cf. Or, conj.]
1. One of two; the one or the other; -- properly
used of two things, but sometimes of a larger number, for
any one.
Lepidus flatters both,
Of both is flattered; but he neither loves,
Nor either cares for him.
Shak.
Scarce a palm of ground could be gotten by either
of the three.
Bacon.
There have been three talkers in Great British,
either of whom would illustrate what I say about
dogmatists.
Holmes.
2. Each of two; the one and the other; both; --
formerly, also, each of any number.
His flowing hair
In curls on either cheek played.
Milton.
On either side . . . was there the tree of
life.
Rev. xxii. 2.
The extreme right and left of either army never
engaged.
Jowett (Thucyd).
Ei"ther, conj. Either precedes two, or
more, co\'94rdinate words or phrases, and is introductory to an
alternative. It is correlative to or.
Either he is talking, or he is pursuing,
or he is in a journey, or peradventure he
sleepeth.
1 Kings xviii. 27.
Few writers hesitate to use either in what is
called a triple alternative; such as, We must either
stay where we are, proceed, or recede.
Latham.
Either was formerly sometimes used
without any correlation, and where we should now use
or.
Can the fig tree, my brethren, bear olive berries?
either a vine, figs??
James iii. 12.
E*jac"u*late (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Ejaculated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Ejaculating.] [L.
ejaculatus, p. p. of ejaculari to throw
out; e out + ejaculari to throw, fr.
jaculum javelin, dart, fr. jacere to throw.
See Eject.]
1. To throw out suddenly and swiftly, as if a dart;
to dart; to eject. [Archaic or Technical]
Its active rays ejaculated thence.
Blackmore.
<-- p. 475 -->
2. To throw out, as an exclamation; to utter by a
brief and sudden impulse; as, to ejaculate a
prayer.
E*jac"u*late (?), v. i. To
utter ejaculations; to make short and hasty exclamations.
[R.] \'bdEjaculating to himself.\'b8
Sir W. Scott.
E*jac`u*la"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82jaculation.]
1. The act of throwing or darting out with a sudden
force and rapid flight. [Archaic or Technical]
\'bdAn ejaculation or irradiation of the eye.\'b8
Bacon.
2. The uttering of a short, sudden exclamation or
prayer, or the exclamation or prayer uttered.
In your dressing, let there be jaculations fitted
to the several actions of dressing.
Jer. Taylor.
3. (Physiol.) The act of ejecting or
suddenly throwing, as a fluid from a duct.
E*jac"u*la`tor (?), n. [NL. See
Ejaculate.] (Anat.) A muscle which
helps ejaculation.
E*jac"u*la*to*ry (?), a. 1.
Casting or throwing out; fitted to eject; as,
ejaculatory vessels.
2. Suddenly darted out; uttered in short sentences;
as, an ejaculatory prayer or petition.
3. Sudden; hasty. [Obs.]
\'bdEjaculatory repentances, that take us by fits and
starts.\'b8
L'Estrange.
E*ject" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Ejected; p. pr.
& vb. n. Ejecting.] [L.
ejectus, p. p. of ejicere; e out
+ jacere to throw. See Jet a shooting
forth.]
1. To expel; to dismiss; to cast forth; to thrust
or drive out; to discharge; as, to eject a person
from a room; to eject a traitor from the country; to
eject words from the language. \'bdEyes
ejecting flame.\'b8
H. Brooke.
2. (Law) To cast out; to evict; to
dispossess; as, to eject tenants from an
estate.
Syn. -- To expel; banish; drive out; discharge; oust; evict;
dislodge; extrude; void.
E*jec"tion (?), n. [L.
ejectio: cf. F. \'82jection.]
1. The act of ejecting or casting out; discharge;
expulsion; evacuation. \'bdVast ejection of
ashes.\'b8 Eustace. \'bdThe ejection of a
word.\'b8
Johnson.
2. (Physiol.) The act or process of
discharging anything from the body, particularly the
excretions.
3. The state of being ejected or cast out;
dispossession; banishment.
E*ject"ment (?), n. 1.
A casting out; a dispossession; an expulsion; ejection;
as, the ejectment of tenants from their
homes.
2. (Law) A species of mixed action,
which lies for the recovery of possession of real property, and
damages and costs for the wrongful withholding of it.
Wharton.
E*ject"or (?), n. 1.
One who, or that which, ejects or dispossesses.
2. (Mech.) A jet jump for lifting water
or withdrawing air from a space.
Ejector condenser (Steam Engine), a
condenser in which the vacuum is maintained by a jet
pump.
\'d8E"joo (?), n. [Malay
\'c6j/ or h\'c6j/.] Gomuti
fiber. See Gomuti.
Ej`u*la"tion (?), n. [L.
ejulatio, fr. ejulare to wail,
lament.] A wailing; lamentation.
[Obs.] \'bdEjulation in the pangs of
death.\'b8
Philips.
{ Ek"a*bor` (?), Ek"a*bo"ron
(?), } n. [G., fr. Skr.
/ka one + G. bor, boron, E.
boron.] (Chem.) The name given
by Mendelejeff in accordance with the periodic law, and by
prediction, to a hypothetical element then unknown, but since
discovered and named scandium; -- so called because it
was a missing analogue of the boron group. See
Scandium.
Ek*al`u*min"i*um (?), n. [Skr.
/ka one + E. aluminium.]
(Chem.) The name given to a hypothetical element,
-- later discovered and called gallium. See
Gallium, and cf. Ekabor.
Ek`a*sil"i*con (?), n. [Skr.
/ka one + E. silicon.]
(Chem.) The name of a hypothetical element
predicted and afterwards discovered and named
germanium; -- so called because it was a missing
analogue of the silicon group. See Germanium, and cf.
Ekkabor.
Eke (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Eked (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Eking.] [AS.
\'c7kan, \'dfkan; akin to OFries,
\'beka, OS. /kian, OHG.
ouhh\'d3n to add, Icel. auka to increase,
Sw. \'94ka, Dan. \'94ge, Goth.
aukan, L. augere, Skr. /jas
strength, ugra mighty, and probably to English
wax, v. i. Cf. Augment,
Nickname.] To increase; to add to; to
augment; -- now commonly used with out, the notion
conveyed being to add to, or piece out by a laborious, inferior,
or scanty addition; as, to eke out a scanty supply
of one kind with some other. \'bdTo eke my
pain.\'b8
Spenser.
He eked out by his wits an income of barely fifty
pounds.
Macaulay.
Eke, adv. [AS. e\'a0c; akin
to OFries. \'a0k, OS. /k, D.
/ok, OHG. ouh, G. auch, Icel.
auk, Sw. och and, Dan. og, Goth.
auk for, but. Prob. from the preceding verb.]
In addition; also; likewise. [Obs. or
Archaic]
'T will be prodigious hard to prove
That this is eke the throne of love.
Prior.
A trainband captain eke was he
Of famous London town.
Cowper.
Eke serves less to unite than to render
prominent a subjoined more important sentence or notion.
M\'84tzner.
Eke, n. An addition.
[R.]
Clumsy ekes that may well be spared.
Geddes.
Ek"e*berg`ite (?), n. [From
Ekeberg, a German.] (Min.) A
variety of scapolite.
Eke"name` (?), n. [See
Nickname.] An additional or epithet name; a
nickname. [Obs.]
Ek"ing (?), n. [From
Eke, v. t.] (Shipbuilding)
(a) A lengthening or filling piece to make good a
deficiency in length. (b) The carved work
under the quarter piece at the aft part of the quarter
gallery. [Written also eiking.]
E"-la` (?), n. Originally, the
highest note in the scale of Guido; hence, proverbially, any
extravagant saying. \'bdWhy, this is above
E-la!\'b8
Beau. & Fl.
E*lab"o*rate (?), a. [L.
elaboratus, p. p. of elaborare to work out;
e out + laborare to labor, labor
labor. See Labor.] Wrought with labor;
finished with great care; studied; executed with exactness or
painstaking; as, an elaborate discourse; an
elaborate performance; elaborate
research.
Drawn to the life in each elaborate page.
Waller.
Syn. -- Labored; complicated; studied; perfected;
high-wrought.
-- E*lab"o*rate*ly, adv. --
E*lab"o*rate*ness, n.
E*lab"o*rate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Elaborated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Elaborating
(?).]
1. To produce with labor
They in full joy elaborate a sigh,
Young.
2. To perfect with painstaking; to improve or
refine with labor and study, or by successive operations; as,
to elaborate a painting or a literary work.
The sap is . . . still more elaborated and exalted
as it circulates through the vessels of the plant.
Arbuthnot.
E*lab`o*ra"tion (?), n. [L.
elaboratio: cf. F. \'82laboration.]
1. The act or process of producing or refining with
labor; improvement by successive operations; refinement.
2. (Physiol.) The natural process of
formation or assimilation, performed by the living organs in
animals and vegetables, by which a crude substance is changed
into something of a higher order; as, the
elaboration of food into chyme; the elaboration
of chyle, or sap, or tissues.
E*lab"o*ra*tive (?), a. Serving
or tending to elaborate; constructing with labor and minute
attention to details.
Elaborative faculty (Metaph.), the
intellectual power of discerning relations and of viewing objects
by means of, or in, relations; the discursive faculty;
thought.
E*lab"o*ra`tor (?), n. One who,
or that which, elaborates.
E*lab"o*ra*to*ry (?), a.
Tending to elaborate.
E*lab"o*ra*to*ry, n. A laboratory.
[Obs.]
\'d8E`l\'91*ag"nus (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / a B\'d2otian marsh plant; / olive + /
sacred, pure.] (Bot.) A genus of shrubs or
small trees, having the foliage covered with small silvery
scales; oleaster.
\'d8E*l\'91"is (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / olive tree.] (Bot.) A genus of
palms.
El\'91is Guineensis, the African oil
palm, is a tree twenty or thirty feet high, with immense pinnate
leaves and large masses of fruit. The berries are rather larger
than olives, and when boiled in water yield the orange-red palm
oil.
E*l\'91"o*lite (?), n. [Gr. /
olive oil, oil + -lite.] (Min.)
A variety of hephelite, usually massive, of greasy luster,
and gray to reddish color.
El\'91olite syenite, a kind of syenite
characterized by the presence of el\'91olite.
E`l\'91*op"tene (?), n. [Gr.
/ olive oil, oil + / winged, fleeting.]
(Chem.) The more liquid or volatile portion of
certain oily substance, as distinguished from
stearoptene, the more solid parts.
[Written also elaoptene.]
E*la"i*date (?), n.
(Chem.) A salt of elaidic acid.
E`la*id"ic (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82la\'8bdique. See Elaine.]
Relating to oleic acid, or elaine.
Elaidic acid (Chem.), a fatty acid
isomeric with oleic acid, and obtained from it by the action of
nitrous acid.
E*la"i*din (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82la\'8bdine.] (Chem.) A solid
isomeric modification of olein.
{ E*la"ine (?), E*la"in
}, n. [Gr. / olive oil, oil, from / the
olive tree: cf. F. \'82la\'8bne.]
(Chem.) Same as Olein.
E`lai*od"ic (?), a. [Gr. /
olive oil, oil + / form.] (Chem.) Derived
from castor oil; ricinoleic; as, elaiodic
acid. [R.]
E`lai*om"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. /
olive oil, oil + -meter.] (Chem.)
An apparatus for determining the amount of oil contained in
any substance, or for ascertaining the degree of purity of
oil.
E"lam*ite (?), n. A dweller in
Flam (or Susiana), an ancient kingdom of Southwestern Asia,
afterwards a province of Persia.
E*lamp"ing (?), a. [See
Lamp.] Shining. [Obs.]
G. Fletcher.
\'d8/`lan" (?), b. [F., fr.
\'82lancer to dart.] Ardor inspired by
passion or enthusiasm.
E*lance" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Elanced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Elancing
(?).] [F. \'82lancer, OF.
eslancier; pref. es- (L. ex) +
F. lancer to dart, throw, fr. lance.]
To throw as a lance; to hurl; to dart.
[R.]
While thy unerring hand elanced . . . a dart.
Prior.
E"land (?), n. [D.
eland elk, of Slav. origin; cf. Pol. jelen
stag, Russ. ol\'82ne, Lith. elnis; perh.
akin to E. elk.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A species of large South
African antelope (Oreas canna). It is valued both for
its hide and flesh, and is rapidly disappearing in the settled
districts; -- called also Cape elk.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The elk or moose.
E*la"net (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) A kite of the genus
Elanus.
E*la"o*lite (?), n.
(Min.) See El\'91olite.
E`la*op"tene (?), n.
(Chem.) See El\'91optene.
El"a*phine (?), a. [Gr. /
stag.] (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to,
resembling, or characteristic of, the stag, or Cervus
elaphus.
El"a*phure (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) A species of deer (Elaphurus
Davidianus) found in china. It about four feet high at the
shoulder and has peculiar antlers.
E*lap`i*da"tion (?), n. [L.
elapidatus cleared from stones; e out +
lapis stone.] A clearing away of
stones. [R.]
El"a*pine (?), a. [See
Elaps.] (Zo\'94l.) Like or
pertaining to the Elapid\'91, a family of poisonous
serpents, including the cobras. See Ophidia.
\'d8E"laps (?), n. [NL., of
uncertain origin.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of
venomous snakes found both in America and the Old World. Many
species are known. See Coral snake, under
Coral.
E*lapse" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Elapsed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Elapsing.] [L. elapsus, p.
p. of elabi to glide away; e out +
labi to fall, slide. See Lapse.]
To slip or glide away; to pass away silently, as time; --
used chiefly in reference to time.
Eight days elapsed; at length a pilgrim came.
Hoole.
E*lap"sion (?), n. The act of
elapsing. [R.]
E*la"que*ate (?), v. t. [L.
elaqueatus, p. p. of elaqueare to
unfetter.] To disentangle. [R.]
\'d8El`a*sip"o*da (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / metal beaten out, metal plate +
-poda.] (Zo\'94l.) An order of
holothurians mostly found in the deep sea. They are remarkable
for their bilateral symmetry and curious forms.
[Written also Elasmopoda.]
E*las"mo*branch (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the
Elasmobranchii. -- n. One of the
Elasmobranchii.
E*las`mo*bran"chi*ate (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to
Elasmobranchii. -- n. One of the
Elasmobranchii.
\'d8E*las`mo*bran"chi*i (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / a metal plate + L. branchia a
gill.] (Zo\'94l.) A subclass of fishes,
comprising the sharks, the rays, and the Chim\'91ra. The skeleton
is mainly cartilaginous.
\'d8E*las`mo*sau"rus (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / a metal plate + / a lizard.]
(Paleon.) An extinct, long-necked, marine,
cretaceous reptile from Kansas, allied to Plesiosaurus.
E*las"tic (?), a. [Formed fr.
Gr. / to drive; prob. akin to L. alacer lively,
brisk, and E. alacrity: cf. F.
\'82lastique.]
1. Springing back; having a power or inherent
property of returning to the form from which a substance is bent,
drawn, pressed, or twisted; springy; having the power of
rebounding; as, a bow is elastic; the air is
elastic; India rubber is elastic.
Capable of being drawn out by force like a piece of
elastic gum, and by its own elasticity returning, when
the force is removed, to its former position.
Paley.
2. Able to return quickly to a former state or
condition, after being depressed or overtaxed; having power to
recover easily from shocks and trials; as, elastic
spirits; an elastic constitution.
Elastic bitumen. (Min.) See
Elaterite. -- Elastic curve.
(a) (Geom.) The curve made by a thin
elastic rod fixed horizontally at one end and loaded at the
other. (b) (Mech.) The figure
assumed by the longitudinal axis of an originally straight bar
under any system of bending forces. Rankine. --
Elastic fluids, those which have the property of
expanding in all directions on the removal of external pressure,
as the air, steam, and other gases and vapors. --
Elastic limit (Mech.), the limit of
distortion, by bending, stretching, etc., that a body can undergo
and yet return to its original form when relieved from stress;
also, the unit force or stress required to produce this
distortion. Within the elastic limit the distortion is directly
proportional to the stress producing it. -- Elastic
tissue (Anat.), a variety of connective
tissue consisting of a network of slender and very elastic fibers
which are but slightly affected by acids or alkalies. --
Gum elastic, caoutchouc.
E*las"tic, n. An elastic woven fabric,
as a belt, braces or suspenders, etc., made in part of India
rubber. [Colloq.]
E*las"tic*al (?), a.
Elastic. [R.]
Bentley.
E*las"tic*al*ly, adv. In an elastic
manner; by an elastic power; with a spring.
E`las*tic"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82lasticit\'82.]
1. The quality of being elastic; the inherent
property in bodies by which they recover their former figure or
dimensions, after the removal of external pressure or altering
force; springiness; tendency to rebound; as, the
elasticity of caoutchouc; the elasticity of the
air.
2. Power of resistance to, or recovery from,
depression or overwork.
Coefficient of elasticity, the quotient of a
stress (of a given kind), by the strain (of a given kind) which
it produces; -- called also coefficient of
resistance. -- Surface of elasticity
(Geom.), the pedal surface of an ellipsoid (see
Pedal); a surface used in explaining the phenomena of
double refraction and their relation to the elastic force of the
luminous ether in crystalline media.
E*las"tic*ness (?), n. The
quality of being elastic; elasticity.
E*las"tin (?), n.
[Elastic + -in.] (Physiol.
Chem.) A nitrogenous substance, somewhat resembling
albumin, which forms the chemical basis of elastic tissue. It is
very insoluble in most fluids, but is gradually dissolved when
digested with either pepsin or trypsin.
E*late" (?), a. [L.
elatus elevated, fig., elated, proud (the figure,
perh., being borrowed from a prancing horse); e out +
latus (used as p. p. of ferre to bear), for
tlatus, and akin to E. tolerate. See
Tolerate, and cf. Extol.]
<-- p. 476 -->
1. Lifted up; raised; elevated.
With upper lip elate.
Fenton.
And sovereign law, that State's collected will,
O'er thrones and globes, elate,
Sits empress, crowning good, repressing ill.
Sir W. Jones.
2. Having the spirits raised by success, or by
hope; flushed or exalted with confidence; elated; exultant.
O, thoughtless mortals! ever blind to fate,
Too soon dejected, and dejected, and too soon
elate.
Pope.
Our nineteenth century is wonderfully set up in its own
esteem, wonderfully elate at its progress.
Mrs. H. H. Jackson.
Syn. -- Puffed up; lofty; proud; haughty; exalted;
inspirited; transported; delighted; overjoyed.
E*late" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Elated; p. pr.
& vb. n. Elating.]
1. To raise; to exalt. [R.]
By the potent sun elated high.
Thomson.
2. To exalt the spirit of; to fill with confidence
or exultation; to elevate or flush with success; to puff up; to
make proud.
Foolishly elated by spiritual pride.
Warburton.
You ought not be elated at the chance mishaps of
your enemies.
Jowett (Thucyd. ).
E*lat"ed*ly (?), adv. With
elation.
E*lat"ed*ness, n. The state of being
elated.
E*lat"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, elates.
\'d8El"a*ter (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. / driver, fr. / to drive.]
1. (Bot.) An elastic spiral filament for
dispersing the spores, as in some liverworts.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Any beetle of the family
Elaterid\'91, having the habit, when laid on the back,
of giving a sudden upward spring, by a quick movement of the
articulation between the abdomen and thorax; -- called also
click beetle, spring
beetle, and snapping beetle.
3. (Zo\'94l.) The caudal spring used by
Podura and related insects for leaping. See
Collembola.
El"a*ter (?), n. (Chem.)
The active principle of elaterium, being found in the juice
of the wild or squirting cucumber (Ecballium agreste,
formerly Motordica Elaterium) and other related
species. It is extracted as a bitter, white, crystalline
substance, which is a violent purgative.
El"a*ter*ite (?), n.
(Min.) A mineral resin, of a blackish brown
color, occurring in soft, flexible masses; -- called also
mineral caoutchouc, and elastic
bitumen.
El`a*te"ri*um (?), n. [L., fr.
Gr. /, neut. of / driving. See 2d Elater.]
A cathartic substance obtained, in the form of yellowish or
greenish cakes, as the dried residue of the juice of the wild or
squirting cucumber (Ecballium agreste, formerly called
Momordica Elaterium).
El`a*ter*om"e*ter (?), n. Same
as Elatrometer.
El"a*ter*y (?), n. [See 2d
Elater.] Acting force; elasticity.
[Obs.]
Ray.
E*la"tion (?), n. [L.
elatio. See Elate.] A lifting up
by success; exaltation; inriation with pride of prosperity.
\'bdFelt the elation of triumph.\'b8
Sir W. Scott.
E*la"tive (?), a. (Gram.)
Raised; lifted up; -- a term applied to what is also called
the absolute superlative, denoting a high or intense
degree of a quality, but not excluding the idea that an equal
degree may exist in other cases.
El`a*trom"e*ter (?), n. [Gr.
/ a driver + -meter.] (Physics)
An instrument for measuring the degree of rarefaction of air
contained in the receiver of an air pump. [Spelt
also elaterometer.]
E*la"yl (?), n. [Gr. / olive
oil, oil + yl.] (Chem.) Olefiant
gas or ethylene; -- so called by Berzelius from its forming an
oil combining with chlorine. [Written also
elayle.] See Ethylene.
El"bow (?), n. [AS.
elboga, elnboga (akin to D.
elleboga, OHG. elinbogo, G.
ellbogen, ellenbogen, Icel.
/lnbogi; prop.; arm-bend); eln ell
(orig., forearm) + boga a bending. See 1st
Ell, and 4th Bow.]
1. The joint or bend of the arm; the outer curve in
the middle of the arm when bent.
Her arms to the elbows naked.
R. of Gloucester.
2. Any turn or bend like that of the elbow, in a
wall, building, and the like; a sudden turn in a line of coast or
course of a river; also, an angular or jointed part of any
structure, as the raised arm of a chair or sofa, or a short pipe
fitting, turning at an angle or bent.
3. (Arch.) A sharp angle in any surface
of wainscoting or other woodwork; the upright sides which flank
any paneled work, as the sides of windows, where the jamb makes
an elbow with the window back.
Gwilt.
Elbow is used adjectively or as part of a
compound, to denote something shaped like, or
acting like, an elbow; as, elbow
joint; elbow tongs or elbow-tongs;
elbowroom, elbow-room, or elbow
room.
At the elbow, very near; at hand. --
Elbow grease, energetic application of force in
manual labor. [Low] -- Elbow in the
hawse (Naut.), the twisting together of two
cables by which a vessel rides at anchor, caused by swinging
completely round once. Totten. -- Elbow
scissors (Surg.), scissors bent in the blade
or shank for convenience in cutting. Knight. --
Out at elbow, with coat worn through at the
elbows; shabby; in needy circumstances.
El"bow, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Elbowed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Elbowing.] To push or hit with
the elbow, as when one pushes by another.
They [the Dutch] would elbow our own aldermen off
the Royal Exchange.
Macaulay.
To elbow one's way, to force one's way by
pushing with the elbows; as, to elbow one's way through
a crowd.
El"bow (?), v. i. 1.
To jut into an angle; to project or to bend after the manner
of an elbow.
2. To push rudely along; to elbow one's way.
\'bdPurseproud, elbowing Insolence.\'b8
Grainger.
El"bow*board` (?), n. The base
of a window casing, on which the elbows may rest.
El"bow*chair` (?), n. A chair
with arms to support the elbows; an armchair.
Addison.
El"bow*room` (?), n. Room to
extend the elbows on each side; ample room for motion or action;
free scope. \'bdMy soul hath elbowroom.\'b8
Shak.
Then came a stretch of grass and a little more
elbowroom.
W. G. Norris.
El*ca"ja (?), n. [Ar.]
(Bot.) An Arabian tree (Trichilia
emetica). The fruit, which is emetic, is sometimes employed
in the composition of an ointment for the cure of the itch.
El*ce"sa*ite (?), n. [From
Elcesai, the leader of the sect.]
(Eccl.) One of a sect of Asiatic Gnostics of the
time of the Emperor Trajan.
Eld (?), a. [AS.
eald.] Old. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Eld, n. [AS. yldu,
yldo, eldo, old age, fr. ald,
eald, old. See Old.]
1. Age; esp., old age. [Obs. or
Archaic]
As sooth is said, eelde hath great avantage.
Chaucer.
Great Nature, ever young, yet full of eld.
Spenser.
2. Old times; former days; antiquity.
[Poetic]
Astrologers and men of eld.
Longfellow.
Eld, v. i. To age; to grow old.
[Obs.]
Eld, v. t. To make old or ancient.
[Obs.]
Time, that eldeth all things.
Rom. of R.
Eld"er (?), a. [AS.
yldra, compar. of eald old. See
Old.]
1. Older; more aged, or existing longer.
Let the elder men among us emulate their own
earlier deeds.
Jowett (Thucyd. )
2. Born before another; prior in years; senior;
earlier; older; as, his elder brother died in
infancy; -- opposed to younger, and now commonly
applied to a son, daughter, child, brother, etc.
The elder shall serve the younger.
Gen. xxv. 23.
But ask of elder days, earth's vernal hour.
Keble.
Elder hand (Card Playing), the hand
playing, or having the right to play, first.
Hoyle.
Eld"er, n. [AS. ealdor an
elder, prince, fr. eald old. See Old, and cf.
Elder, a., Alderman.]
1. One who is older; a superior in age; a
senior.
1 Tim. v. 1.
2. An aged person; one who lived at an earlier
period; a predecessor.
Carry your head as your elders have done.
L'Estrange.
3. A person who, on account of his age, occupies
the office of ruler or judge; hence, a person occupying any
office appropriate to such as have the experience and dignity
which age confers; as, the elders of Israel; the
elders of the synagogue; the elders in the
apostolic church.
elders are lay officers who, with the minister,
compose the church session, with authority to inspect and
regulate matters of religion and discipline. In some churches,
pastors or clergymen are called elders, or
presbyters.
4. (M. E. Ch.) A clergyman authorized to
administer all the sacraments; as, a traveling
elder.
Presiding elder (Meth. Ch.), an
elder commissioned by a bishop to have the oversight of the
churches and preachers in a certain district. -- Ruling
elder, a lay presbyter or member of a Presbyterian
church session.
Schaff.
El"der (?), n. [OE.
ellern, eller, AS. ellen, cf.
LG. elloorn; perh. akin to OHG. holantar,
holuntar, G. holunder; or perh. to E.
alder, n.] (Bot.) A
genus of shrubs (Sambucus) having broad umbels of
white flowers, and small black or red berries.
Sambucus
Canadensis; the common European species (S.
nigra) forms a small tree. The red-berried elder is S.
pubens. The berries are diaphoretic and aperient.
Box elder. See under 1st Box. --
Dwarf elder. See Danewort. --
Elder tree. (Bot.) Same as
Elder. Shak. -- Marsh elder,
the cranberry tree Viburnum Opulus).
Eld"er*ish (?), a. Somewhat
old; elderly. [R.]
Eld"er*ly, a. Somewhat old; advanced
beyond middle age; bordering on old age; as, elderly
people.
El"dern (?), a. Made of
elder. [Obs.]
He would discharge us as boys do eldern guns.
Marston.
Eld"er*ship (?), n. 1.
The state of being older; seniority. \'bdPaternity an
eldership.\'b8
Sir W. Raleigh.
2. Office of an elder; collectively, a body of
elders.
El"der*wort` (?), n.
(Bot.) Danewort.
Eld"est (?), a. [AS.
yldest, superl. of eald old. See
Elder, a.]
1. Oldest; longest in duration.
Shak.
2. Born or living first, or before the others, as a
son, daughter, brother, etc.; first in origin. See
Elder. \'bdMy lady's eldest son.\'b8
Shak.
Their eldest historians are of suspected
credit.
Bp. Stillingfleet.
Eldest hand (Card Playing), the
player on the dealer's left hand.
R. A. Proctor.
El"ding (?), n. [Icel.
elding, fr. elda to kindle, eldr
fire; akin to AS. \'91ld fire, \'91lan to
burn.] Fuel. [Prov. Eng.]
Grose.
El` Do*ra"do (?), pl. El
Doradoes (/). [Sp., lit., the gilt (sc.
land); el the + dorado gilt, p. p. of
dorare to gild. Cf. Dorado.]
1. A name given by the Spaniards in the 16th
century to an imaginary country in the interior of South America,
reputed to abound in gold and precious stones.
2. Any region of fabulous wealth; exceeding
richness.
The whole comedy is a sort of El Dorado of wit.
T. Moore.
El"dritch (?), a. Hideous;
ghastly; as, an eldritch shriek or laugh.
[Local, Eng.]
E`le*at"ic (?), a. [L.
eleaticus, from Elea (or Velia)
in Italy.] Of or pertaining to a certain school of
Greek philosophers who taught that the only certain science is
that which owes nothing to the senses, and all to the
reason. -- n. A philosopher of the
Eleatic school.
E`le*at"i*cism (?), n. The
Eleatic doctrine.
El`e*cam*pane" (?), n. [F.
\'82nulecampane, NL. inula campana; L.
inula elecampane + LL. campana a bell; cf.
G. glockenwurz, i. e., \'bdbellwort.\'b8]
1. (Bot.) A large, coarse herb
(Inula Helenium), with composite yellow flowers. The
root, which has a pungent taste, is used as a tonic, and was
formerly of much repute as a stomachic.
2. A sweetmeat made from the root of the
plant.
E*lect" (?), a. [L.
electus, p. p. of eligere to elect;
e out + legere to choose. See
Legend, and cf. Elite,
Eclectic.]
1. Chosen; taken by preference from among two or
more. \'bdColors quaint elect.\'b8
Spenser.
2. (Theol.) Chosen as the object of
mercy or divine favor; set apart to eternal life. \'bdThe
elect angels.\'b8
1 Tim. v. 21.
3. Chosen to an office, but not yet actually
inducted into it; as, bishop elect; governor or
mayor elect.
E*lect", n. 1. One chosen or
set apart.
Behold my servant, whom I uphold; mine elect, in
whom my soul delighteth.
Is. xlii. 1.
2. pl. (Theol.) Those who
are chosen for salvation.
Shall not God avenge his won elect?
Luke xviii. 7.
E*lect", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Elected; p. pr. & vb. n.
Electing.]
1. To pick out; to select; to choose.
The deputy elected by the Lord.
Shak.
2. To select or take for an office; to select by
vote; as, to elect a representative, a president, or
a governor.
3. (Theol.) To designate, choose, or
select, as an object of mercy or favor.
Syn. -- To choose; prefer; select. See
Choose.
E*lect"ant (?), n. [L.
electans, p. pr. of electare.]
One who has the power of choosing; an elector.
[R.]
E*lec"ta*ry (?), n.
(Med.) See Electuary.
E*lec"tic (?), a. See
Eclectic.
E*lec"ti*cism (?), n. See
Eclecticism.
E*lec"tion (?), n. [F.
\'82lection, L. electio, fr.
eligere to choose out. See Elect,
a.]
1. The act of choosing; choice; selection.
2. The act of choosing a person to fill an office,
or to membership in a society, as by ballot, uplifted hands, or
viva voce; as, the election of a
president or a mayor.
Corruption in elections is the great enemy of
freedom.
J. Adams.
3. Power of choosing; free will; liberty to choose
or act. \'bdBy his own election led to ill.\'b8
Daniel.
4. Discriminating choice; discernment.
[Obs.]
To use men with much difference and election is
good.
Bacon.
5. (Theol.) Divine choice;
predestination of individuals as objects of mercy and salvation;
-- one of the \'bdfive points\'b8 of Calvinism.
There is a remnant according to the election of
grace.
Rom. xi. 5.
6. (Law) The choice, made by a party, of
two alternatives, by taking one of which, the chooser is excluded
from the other.
7. Those who are elected. [Obs.]
The election hath obtained it.
Rom. xi. 7.
To contest an election. See under
Contest. -- To make one's election,
to choose.
He has made his election to walk, in the main, in
the old paths.
Fitzed. Hall.
E*lec`tion*eer" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Electionered
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Electioneering.] To make interest for a
candidate at an election; to use arts for securing the election
of a candidate.
A master of the whole art of electioneering.
Macaulay.
E*lec`tion*eer"er (?), n. One
who electioneers.
E*lect"ive (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82lectif.]
1. Exerting the power of choice; selecting; as,
an elective act.
2. Pertaining to, or consisting in, choice, or
right of choosing; electoral.
The independent use of their elective
franchise.
Bancroft.
3. Dependent on choice; bestowed or passing by
election; as, an elective study; an
elective office.
Kings of Rome were at first elective; . . . for
such are the conditions of an elective kingdom.
Dryden.
Elective affinity attraction (Chem.), a tendency
to unite with certain things; chemism.
E*lect"ive, n. In an American college,
an optional study or course of study.
[Colloq.]
E*lect"ive*ly, adv. In an elective
manner; by choice.
E*lect"or (?), n. [L., fr.
eligere: cf. F. \'82lecteur.]
1. One who elects, or has the right of choice; a
person who is entitled to take part in an election, or to give
his vote in favor of a candidate for office.
2. Hence, specifically, in any country, a person
legally qualified to vote.
3. In the old German empire, one of the princes
entitled to choose the emperor.
4. One of the persons chosen, by vote of the people
in the United States, to elect the President and Vice
President.
E*lect"or (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82lectoral.] Pertaining to an election or
to electors.
In favor of the electoral and other princes.
Burke.
Electoral college, the body of princes
formerly entitled to elect the Emperor of Germany; also, a name
sometimes given, in the United States, to the body of electors
chosen by the people to elect the President and Vice
President.
E*lect`or*al"i*ty (?), n. The
territory or dignity of an elector; electorate.
[R.]
Sir H. Wotton.
<-- p. 477 -->
E*lect"or*ate (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82lectorat.]
1. The territory, jurisdiction, or dignity of an
elector, as in the old German empire.
2. The whole body of persons in a nation or state
who are entitled to vote in an election, or any distinct class or
division of them.
The middle-class electorate of Great Britain.
M. Arnold.
E*lect"or*ess (?), n. [Fem. of
Elector.] An electress.
Bp. Burnet.
E`lec*to"ri*al (?), a.
Electoral.
Burke.
E*lect"or*ship (?), n. The
office or status of an elector.
{ E*lec"tre, E*lec"ter }
(?), n. [L. electrum: cf. F.
\'82lectre mixture of gold and silver. See
Electrum.]
1. Amber. See Electrum.
[Obs.]
2. A metallic substance compounded of gold and
silver; an alloy. [Obs.]
Wyclif.
E`lec*trep"e*ter (?), n.
[Electro + Gr. / to turn.] An
instrument used to change the direction of electric currents; a
commutator. [R.]
E*lect"ress (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82lectrice. Cf. Electoress.] The
wife or widow of an elector in the old German empire.
Burke.
{ E*lec"tric (?), E*lec"tric*al
(?), } a. [L. electrum
amber, a mixed metal, Gr. /; akin to / the beaming sun, cf.
Skr. arc to beam, shine: cf. F.
\'82lectrique. The name came from the production of
electricity by the friction of amber.]
1. Pertaining to electricity; consisting of,
containing, derived from, or produced by, electricity; as,
electric power or virtue; an electric jar;
electric effects; an electric spark.
2. Capable of occasioning the phenomena of
electricity; as, an electric or electrical
machine or substance.
3. Electrifying; thrilling; magnetic.
\'bdElectric Pindar.\'b8
Mrs. Browning.
Electric atmosphere, Electric
aura. See under Aura. --
Electrical battery. See Battery. --
Electrical brush. See under Brush.
-- Electric cable. See Telegraph
cable, under Telegraph. -- Electric
candle. See under Candle. --
Electric cat (Zo\'94l.), one of three
or more large species of African catfish of the genus
Malapterurus (esp. M. electricus of the
Nile). They have a large electrical organ and are able to give
powerful shocks; -- called also
sheathfish. -- Electric clock.
See under Clock, and see
Electro-chronograph. -- Electric
current, a current or stream of electricity traversing
a closed circuit formed of conducting substances, or passing by
means of conductors from one body to another which is in a
different electrical state. -- Electric, , eel (Zo\'94l.),
a South American eel-like fresh-water fish of the genus
Gymnotus (G. electricus), from two to five
feet in length, capable of giving a violent electric shock. See
Gymnotus. -- Electrical fish
(Zo\'94l.), any fish which has an electrical organ
by means of which it can give an electrical shock. The best known
kinds are the torpedo, the gymnotus, or electrical eel, and the
electric cat. See Torpedo, and Gymnotus.
-- Electric fluid, the supposed matter of
electricity; lightning. -- Electrical image
(Elec.), a collection of electrical points
regarded as forming, by an analogy with optical phenomena, an
image of certain other electrical points, and used in the
solution of electrical problems. Sir W. Thomson. --
Electrical light, the light produced by a current
of electricity which in passing through a resisting medium heats
it to incandescence or burns it. See under Carbon.
-- Electric, ,
machine, an apparatus for generating,
collecting, or exciting, electricity, as by friction. --
Electric motor. See Electro-motor,
2. -- Electric osmose.
(Physics) See under Osmose. --
Electric pen, a hand pen for making perforated
stencils for multiplying writings. It has a puncturing needle
driven at great speed by a very small magneto-electric engine on
the penhandle. -- Electric railway, a railway
in which the machinery for moving the cars is driven by an
electric current. -- Electric ray
(Zo\'94l.), the torpedo. -- Electric
telegraph. See Telegraph.
E*lec"tric (?), n.
(Physics) A nonconductor of electricity, as
amber, glass, resin, etc., employed to excite or accumulate
electricity.
E*lec"tric*al*ly (?), adv. In
the manner of electricity, or by means of it; thrillingly.
E*lec"tric*al*ness, a. The state or
quality of being electrical.
E`lec*tri"cian (?), n. An
investigator of electricity; one versed in the science of
electricity.
E`lec*tric"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Electricities (#). [Cf. F.
\'82lectricit\'82. See Electric.]
1. A power in nature, a manifestation of energy,
exhibiting itself when in disturbed equilibrium or in activity by
a circuit movement, the fact of direction in which involves
polarity, or opposition of properties in opposite
directions; also, by attraction for many substances, by a law
involving attraction between surfaces of unlike
polarity, and repulsion between those of like; by
exhibiting accumulated polar tension when the circuit is broken;
and by producing heat, light, concussion, and often chemical
changes when the circuit passes between the poles or through any
imperfectly conducting substance or space. It is generally
brought into action by any disturbance of molecular equilibrium,
whether from a chemical, physical, or mechanical, cause.
a) Statical electricity, called also
Frictional ,
electricity, electricity in the condition of a
stationary charge, in which the disturbance is produced by
friction, as of glass, amber, etc., or by induction. (b)
Dynamical electricity, called also Voltaic
electricity, electricity in motion, or as a current
produced by chemical decomposition, as by means of a voltaic
battery, or by mechanical action, as by dynamo-electric machines.
(c) Thermoelectricity, in which the
disturbing cause is heat (attended possibly with some chemical
action). It is developed by uniting two pieces of unlike metals
in a bar, and then heating the bar unequally. (d)
Atmospheric electricity, any condition of electrical
disturbance in the atmosphere or clouds, due to some or all of
the above mentioned causes. (e) Magnetic
electricity, electricity developed by the action of
magnets. (f) Positive electricity, the
electricity that appears at the positive pole or anode of a
battery, or that is produced by friction of glass; -- called also
vitreous electricity. (g)
Negative electricity, the electricity that appears at
the negative pole or cathode, or is produced by the friction of
resinous substance; -- called also resinous
electricity. (h) Organic electricity,
that which is developed in organic structures, either animal or
vegetable, the phrase animal electricity being much
more common.
2. The science which unfolds the phenomena and laws
of electricity; electrical science.
3. Fig.: Electrifying energy or
characteristic.
E*lec"tri*fi`a*ble (?), a.
Capable of receiving electricity, or of being charged with
it.
E*lec`tri*fi*ca"tion (?), n.
(Physics) The act of electrifying, or the state
of being charged with electricity.
E*lec"tri*fy (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Electrified
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Electrifying.] [Electric +
-fy.]
1. To communicate electricity to; to charge with
electricity; as, to electrify a jar.
2. To cause electricity to pass through; to affect
by electricity; to give an electric shock to; as, to
electrify a limb, or the body.
3. To excite suddenly and violently, esp. by
something highly delightful or inspiriting; to thrill; as,
this patriotic sentiment electrified the
audience.
If the sovereign were now to immure a subject in defiance of
the writ of habeas corpus . . . the whole nation would be
instantly electrified by the news.
Macaulay.
Try whether she could electrify Mr. Grandcourt by
mentioning it to him at table.
G. Eliot.
E*lec"tri*fy, v. i. To become
electric.
E*lec"trine (?), a. [L.
electrinus of amber. See Electric.]
1. Belonging to, or made of, amber.
2. Made of electrum, an alloy used by the
ancients.
E`lec*tri"tion (?), n.
(Physiol.) The recognition by an animal body of
the electrical condition of external objects.
E*lec`tri*za"tion (?), n. [Cf.
F. \'82lectrisation.] The act of
electrizing; electrification.
E*lec"trize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Electrized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Electrizing
(?).] [Cf. F.
\'82lectriser.] To electricity.
Eng. Cyc.
E*lec"tri`zer (?), n. One who,
or that which, electrizes.
E*lec"tro- (?). [L. electrum
amber. See Electric.] A prefix or combining
form signifying pertaining to electricity,
produced by electricity, producing or
employing electricity, etc.; as,
electro-negative; electro-dynamic;
electro-magnet.
E*lec"tro, n. An electrotype.
E*lec`tro-bal*lis"tic (?), a.
Pertaining to electro-ballistics.
E*lec`tro-bal*lis"tics (?), n.
The art or science of measuring the force or velocity of
projectiles by means of electricity.
E*lec`tro-bi*ol"o*gist (?), n.
(Biol.) One versed in electro-biology.
E*lec`tro-bi*ol"o*gy (?), n.
(Biol.)
1. That branch of biology which treats of the
electrical phenomena of living organisms.
2. That phase of mesmerism or animal magnetism, the
phenomena of which are supposed to be produced by a form of
electricity.
E*lec`tro-bi*os"co*py (?), n.
[Electro- + Gr. / life +
-scopy.] (Biol.) A method of
determining the presence or absence of life in an animal organism
with a current of electricity, by noting the presence or absence
of muscular contraction.
E*lec`tro-cap`il*lar"i*ty (?), n.
(Physics) The occurrence or production of certain
capillary effects by the action of an electrical current or
charge.
E*lec`tro-cap"il*la*ry (?), a.
(Physics) Pert. to, or caused by,
electro-capillarity.
E*lec`tro-chem"ic*al (?), a. Of
or pertaining to electro-chemistry.
Ure.
E*lec`tro-chem"is*try (?), n.
That branch of science which treats of the relation of
electricity to chemical changes.
E*lec`tro-chron"o*graph (?), n.
(Astron. Physics) An instrument for obtaining an
accurate record of the time at which any observed phenomenon
occurs, or of its duration. It has an electro-magnetic register
connected with a clock. See Chronograph.
E*lec`tro-chron`o*graph"ic (?), a.
Belonging to the electro-chronograph, or recorded by the aid
of it.
E*lec"tro*cute` (?), v. t.
[Electro- + cute in
execute.] To execute or put to death by
electricity. -- E*lec`tro*cu"tion,
n. [Recent;
Newspaper words]
E*lec"trode (?), n.
[Electro- + Gr. / way, path: cf. F.
\'82lectrode.] (Elec.) The path
by which electricity is conveyed into or from a solution or other
conducting medium; esp., the ends of the wires or conductors,
leading from source of electricity, and terminating in the medium
traversed by the current.
{ E*lec`tro-dy*nam"ic (?),
E*lec`tro-dy*nam"ic*al (?), }
a. (Physics) Pertaining to the
movements or force of electric or galvanic currents; dependent on
electric force.
E*lec`tro-dy*nam"ics (?), n.
1. The phenomena of electricity in motion.
2. The branch of science which treats of the
properties of electric currents; dynamical electricity.
E*lec`tro-dy`na*mom"e*ter (?), n.
An instrument for measuring the strength of electro-dynamic
currents.
E*lec`tro-en*grav"ing (?), n.
The art or process of engraving by means of
electricity.
E*lec`tro-etch"ing (?), n. A
mode of etching upon metals by electrolytic action.
E*lec`tro*gen"e*sis (?), n.
[Electro- + genesis.]
(Physiol.) Same as Electrogeny.
E*lec`tro*gen"ic (?), a.
(Physiol.) Of or pertaining to electrogenesis;
as, an electrogenic condition.
E`lec*trog"e*ny (?), n.
[Electro- + Gr. / to produce.]
(Physiol.) A term sometimes applied to the
effects (tetanus) produced in the muscles of the limbs, when a
current of electricity is passed along the spinal cord or
nerves.
E*lec`tro-gild"ing (?), n. The
art or process of gilding copper, iron, etc., by means of voltaic
electricity.
E*lec"tro-gilt` (?), a. Gilded
by means of voltaic electricity.
E*lec"tro*graph (?), n.
[Electro- + -graph.] A
mark, record, or tracing, made by the action of
electricity.
E*lec`tro-ki*net"ic (?), a. Of
or pertaining to electro-kinetics.
E*lec`tro-ki*net"ics (?), n.
That branch of electrical science which treats of
electricity in motion.
E*lec`tro*lier" (?), n. [Formed
from electric in imitation of
chandelier.] A branching frame, often of
ornamental design, to support electric illuminating lamps.
E`lec*trol"o*gy (?), n.
[Electro- + -logy.] That
branch of physical science which treats of the phenomena of
electricity and its properties.
E`lec*trol"y*sis (?), n.
[Electro- + Gr. / a loosing, dissolving, fr.
/ to loose, dissolve.] (Physics & Chem.)
The act or process of chemical decomposition, by the action
of electricity; as, the electrolysis of silver or
nickel for plating; the electrolysis of
water.
E*lec"tro*lyte (?), n.
[Electro- + Gr. / a dissoluble: cf. F.
\'82lectrolyte.] (Physics & Chem.)
A compound decomposable, or subjected to decomposition, by
an electric current.
{ E*lec`tro*lyt"ic (?),
E*lec`tro*lyt"ic*al (?), } a.
[Cf. F. \'82lectrolytique.] Pertaining
to electrolysis; as, electrolytic action.
-- E*lec`tro*lyt"ic*al*ly,
adv.
E*lec"tro*ly`za*ble (?), a.
Capable of being electrolyzed, or decomposed by
electricity.
E*lec`tro*ly*za"tion (?), n.
The act or the process of electrolyzing.
E*lec"tro*lyze (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Electrolyzed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Electrolyzing
(?).] [Cf. F.
\'82lectrolyser. See Electrolysis.]
To decompose by the direct action of electricity.
Faraday.
E*lec`tro-mag"net (?), n. A
mass, usually of soft iron, but sometimes of some other magnetic
metal, as nickel or cobalt, rendered temporarily magnetic by
being placed within a coil of wire through which a current of
electricity is passing. The metal is generally in the form of a
bar, either straight, or bent into the shape of a
horseshoe.
E*lec`tro-mag*net"ic (?), a.
Of, Pertaining to, or produced by, magnetism which is
developed by the passage of an electric current.
Electro-magnetic engine, an engine in which
the motive force is electro-magnetism. --
Electro-magnetic theory of light (Physics),
a theory of light which makes it consist in the rapid
alternation of transient electric currents moving transversely to
the direction of the ray.
E*lec`tro-mag"net*ism (?), n.
The magnetism developed by a current of electricity; the
science which treats of the development of magnetism by means of
voltaic electricity, and of the properties or actions of the
currents evolved.
E*lec`tro-met"al*lur`gy (?), n.
The act or art precipitating a metal electro-chemical
action, by which a coating is deposited, on a prepared surface,
as in electroplating and electrotyping; galvanoplasty.
E`lec*trom"e*ter (?), n.
[Electro- + -meter: cf. F.
\'82lectrom\'8atre.] (Physics)
An instrument for measuring the quantity or intensity of
electricity; also, sometimes, and less properly, applied to an
instrument which indicates the presence of electricity (usually
called an electroscope).
Balance electrometer. See under
Balance.
{ E*lec`tro-met"ric (?),
E*lec`tro-met"ric*al (?), } a.
[Cf. F. \'82lectrom\'82trique.]
Pertaining to electrometry; made by means of electrometer;
as, an electrometrical experiment.
E`lex*trom"e*try (?), n. [Cf.
F. \'82lectrom\'82trie.] (Physics)
The art or process of making electrical measurements.
E*lec`tro-mo"tion (?), n. The
motion of electricity or its passage from one metal to another in
a voltaic circuit; mechanical action produced by means of
electricity.
E*lec`tro-mo"tive (?), a.
Producing electro-motion; producing, or tending to produce,
electricity or an electric current; causing electrical action or
effects.
Electro-motive force (Physics), the
force which produces, or tends to produce, electricity, or an
electric current; sometimes used to express the degree of
electrification as equivalent to potential, or more properly
difference of potential.
E*lec`tro*mo"tor (?), n. [Cf.
F. \'82lectromoteur.]
1. (Physics) A mover or exciter of
electricity; as apparatus for generating a current of
electricity.
<-- p. 478 -->
2. (Mech.) An apparatus or machine for
producing motion and mechanical effects by the action of
electricity; an electro-magnetic engine.
E*lec`tro-mus"cu*lar (?), a.
(Physiol.) Pertaining the reaction (contraction)
of the muscles under electricity, or their sensibility to
it.
E*lec"tron (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. /. See Electric.] Amber; also, the
alloy of gold and silver, called electrum.
E*lec`tro-neg"a*tive (?), a.
(Chem. & Physics) (a) Having the
property of being attracted by an electro-positive body, or a
tendency to pass to the positive pole in electrolysis, by the law
that opposite electricities attract each other.
(b) Negative; nonmetallic; acid; -- opposed to
positive, metallic, or
basic.
E*lec`tro-neg"a*tive, n. (Chem. &
Physics) A body which passes to the positive pole in
electrolysis.
E`lec*trop"a*thy (?), n.
[Electro- + Gr. / suffering.]
(Med.) The treatment of disease by
electricity.
E*lec"tro*phone (?), n.
[Electro- + Gr. / sound.]
(Physics) An instrument for producing sound by
means of electric currents.
\'d8E*lec`troph"o*rus (?), n.;
pl. \'d8Electrophori (#).
[NL., fr. combining form electro- + Gr. / to
bear.] (Physics) An instrument for exciting
electricity, and repeating the charge indefinitely by induction,
consisting of a flat cake of resin, shelllac, or ebonite, upon
which is placed a plate of metal.
E*lec`tro-phys`i*o*log"ic*al (?), a.
(Physiol.) Pertaining to electrical results
produced through physiological agencies, or by change of action
in a living organism.
E*lec`tro-phys`i*ol"o*gy (?), n.
(Physiol.) That branch of physiology which treats
of electric phenomena produced through physiological
agencies.
E*lec"tro*plate` (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p.
Electroplating.] (Mech.) To
plate or cover with a coating of metal, usually silver, nickel,
or gold, by means of electrolysis.
E*lec"tro*pla`ter (?), n. One
who electroplates.
E*lec"tro*pla`ting (?), n. The
art or process of depositing a coating (commonly) of silver,
gold, or nickel on an inferior metal, by means of
electricity.
E*lec`tro-po"lar (?), a.
(Physics) Possessing electrical polarity;
positively electrified at one end, or on one surface, and
negatively at the other; -- said of a conductor.
E*lec`tro-pos"i*tive (?), a.
1. (Physics) Of such a nature relatively
to some other associated body or bodies, as to tend to the
negative pole of a voltaic battery, in electrolysis, while the
associated body tends to the positive pole; -- the converse or
correlative of electro-negative.
electro-positive in
one compound may be electro-negative in another, and
vice versa.
2. (Chem.) Hence: Positive; metallic;
basic; -- distinguished from negative,
nonmetallic, or acid.
E*lec`tro-pos"i*tive, n. (Chem. &
Physics) A body which passes to the negative pole in
electrolysis.
{ E*lec`tro-punc`tu*ra"tion (?),
E*lec`tro-punc`tur*ing (?; 135) },
n. (Med.) See
Electropuncture.
E*lec`tro-punc`ture (?; 135), n.
(Med.) An operation that consists in inserting
needless in the part affected, and connecting them with the poles
of a galvanic apparatus.
E*lec"tro*scope (?), n.
[Electro- + -scope: cf. F.
\'82lectroscope.] (Physics) An
instrument for detecting the presence of electricity, or changes
in the electric state of bodies, or the species of electricity
present, as by means of pith balls, and the like.
Condensing electroscope (Physics),
a form of electroscope in which an increase of sensibility is
obtained by the use of a condenser.
E*lec`tro*scop"ic (?), a.
Relating to, or made by means of, the electroscope.
E*lec`tro*stat"ic (?), a.
Pertaining to electrostatics.
E*lec`tro*stat"ics (?), n.
(Physics) That branch of science which treats of
statical electricity or electric force in a state of rest.
E*lec`tro-ste"re*o*type (?), n.
Same as Electrotype.
E*lec`tro-tel`e*graph"ic (?), a.
Pertaining to the electric telegraph, or by means of
it.
E*lec`tro-te*leg"ra*phy (?), n.
The art or science of constructing or using the electric
telegraph; the transmission of messages by means of the electric
telegraph.
E*lec`tro-ther`a*peu"tics (?), n.
(Med.) The branch of medical science which treats
of the applications agent.
E*lec`tro-ther"man*cy (?), n.
That branch of electrical science which treats of the effect
of an electric current upon the temperature of a conductor, or a
part of a circuit composed of two different metals.
E*lec"tro-tint` (?), n. (Fine
Arts) A style of engraving in relief by means of
voltaic electricity. A picture is drawn on a metallic plate with
some material which resists the fluids of a battery; so that, in
electro-typing, the parts not covered by the varnish, etc.,
receive a deposition of metal, and produce the required copy in
intaglio. A cast of this is then the plate for printing.
E*lec`tro*ton"ic (?), a. 1.
(Physics) Of or pertaining to electrical tension;
-- said of a supposed peculiar condition of a conducting circuit
during its exposure to the action of another conducting circuit
traversed by a uniform electric current when both circuits remain
stationary.
Faraday.
2. (Physiol.) Relating to electrotonus;
as, the electrotonic condition of a
nerve.
E`lec*trot"o*nize (?), v. t.
(Physiol.) To cause or produce
electrotonus.
E`lec*trot"o*nous (?), a.
Electrotonic.
\'d8E`lec*trot"o*nus (?), n.
[NL., fr. combining form electro- + Gr. /
tension.] (Physiol.) The modified condition
of a nerve, when a constant current of electricity passes through
any part of it. See Anelectrotonus, and
Catelectrotonus.
E*lec"tro*type (?), n.
[Electro- + -type.] A
facsimile plate made by electrotypy for use in printing; also, an
impression or print from such plate. Also used adjectively.
electrotype consists of a
shell of copper, silver, or the like, produced by the action of
an electrical current upon a plate of metal and a wax mold
suspended in an acid bath and connected with opposite poles of
the battery. It is backed up with a solid filling of type
metal.
E*lec"tro*type, v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Electrotyped (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Electrotyping (?).]
To make facsimile plates of by the electrotype process; as
to electrotype a page of type, a book, etc. See
Electrotype, n.
E*lec"tro*ty`per (?), n. One
who electrotypes.
E*lec`tro*typ"ic (?), a.
Pertaining to, or effected by means of, electrotypy.
E*lec"tro*ty`ping (?), n. The
act or the process of making electrotypes.
E*lec"tro*ty`py (?), n. The
process of producing electrotype plates. See Note under
Electrotype, n.
E*lec`tro-vi"tal (?), a.
Derived from, or dependent upon, vital processes; -- said of
certain electric currents supposed by some physiologists to
circulate in the nerves of animals.
E*lec`tro-vi"tal*ism (?), n.
(Physiol.) The theory that the functions of
living organisms are dependent upon electricity or a kindred
force.
E*lec"trum (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.
/. See Electric, and cf. Electre,
Electron.]
1. Amber.
2. An alloy of gold and silver, of an amber color,
used by the ancients.
3. German-silver plate. See German
silver, under German.
E*lec"tu*a*ry (?; 135), n.; pl.
Electuaries (#). [OE.
letuaire, OF. lettuaire,
electuaire, F. \'82lectuaire, L.
electuarium, electarium. prob. fr. Gr. /,
/ a medicine that is licked away, fr. Gr. / to lick up; /
out + / to lick. See Lick, and cf.
Eclegm.] (Med.) A medicine
composed of powders, or other ingredients, incorporated with some
convserve, honey, or sirup; a confection. See the note under
Confection.
El`ee*mos"y*na*ri*ly (?), adv.
In an eleemosynary manner; by charity; charitably.
El`ee*mos"y*na*ry (?; 277), a.
[LL. eleemosynarius, fr. eleemosyna
alms, Gr. / alms. See Alms.]
1. Relating to charity, alms, or almsgiving;
intended for the distribution of charity; as, an
eleemosynary corporation.
2. Given in charity or alms; having the nature of
alms; as, eleemosynary assistance.
\'bdEleemosynary cures.\'b8
Boyle.
3. Supported by charity; as,
eleemosynary poor.
El`ee*mos"y*na*ry, n.; pl.
Eleemosynaries (/). One who
subsists on charity; a dependent.
South.
{ El"e*gance (?), El"e*gan*cy
(?), } n. [L.
elegantia, fr. elegans, -antis,
elegant: cf. F. \'82l\'82gance.]
1. The state or quality of being elegant; beauty as
resulting from choice qualities and the complete absence of what
deforms or impresses unpleasantly; grace given by art or
practice; fine polish; refinement; -- said of manners, language,
style, form, architecture, etc.
That grace that elegance affords.
Drayton.
The endearing elegance of female friendship.
Johnson.
A trait of native elegance, seldom seen in the
masculine character after childhood or early youth, was shown in
the General's fondness for the sight and fragrance of
flowers.
Hawthorne.
2. That which is elegant; that which is tasteful
and highly attractive.
The beautiful wildness of nature, without the nicer
elegancies of art.
Spectator.
Syn. -- Elegance, Grace.
Elegance implies something of a select style of
beauty, which is usually produced by art, skill, or training;
as, elegance of manners, composition, handwriting,
etc.; elegant furniture; an elegant house,
etc. Grace, as the word is here used, refers to
bodily movements, and is a lower order of beauty. It may be a
natural gift; thus, the manners of a peasant girl may be
graceful, but can hardly be called
elegant.
El"e*gant (?), a. [L.
elegans, -antis; akin to eligere
to pick out, choose, select: cf. F. \'82l\'82gant. See
Elect.]
1. Very choice, and hence, pleasing to good taste;
characterized by grace, propriety, and refinement, and the
absence of every thing offensive; exciting admiration and
approbation by symmetry, completeness, freedom from blemish, and
the like; graceful; tasteful and highly attractive; as,
elegant manners; elegant style of composition;
an elegant speaker; an elegant
structure.
A more diligent cultivation of elegant
literature.
Prescott.
2. Exercising a nice choice; discriminating beauty
or sensitive to beauty; as, elegant
taste.
Syn. -- Tasteful; polished; graceful; refined; comely;
handsome; richly ornamental.
El"e*gant*ly, adv. In a manner to please
nice taste; with elegance; with due symmetry; richly.
E*le"gi*ac (?; 277), a. [L.
elegiacus, Gr. /: cf. F. \'82l\'82giaque.
See Elegy.]
1. Belonging to elegy, or written in elegiacs;
plaintive; expressing sorrow or lamentation; as, an
elegiac lay; elegiac strains.
Elegiac griefs, and songs of love.
Mrs. Browning.
2. Used in elegies; as, elegiac verse;
the elegiac distich or couplet, consisting of a dactylic
hexameter and pentameter.
E*le"gi*ac (?), n. Elegiac
verse.
El`e*gi"a*cal (?), a.
Elegiac.
E*le"gi*ast (?), n. One who
composes elegies.
Goldsmith.
El`e*gi*og"ra*pher (?), n. [Gr.
/ an elegy + -graph + -er.] An
elegist. [Obs.]
El"e*gist (?), n. A write of
elegies.
T. Warton.
\'d8E*le"git (?), n. [L., he
has chosen, fr. eligere to choose. See
Elect.] (Law) A judicial writ of
execution, by which a defendant's goods are appraised and
delivered to the plaintiff, and, if no sufficient to satisfy the
debt, all of his lands are delivered, to be held till the debt is
paid by the rents and profits, or until the defendant's interest
has expired.
El"e*gize (?), v. t. To lament
in an elegy; to celebrate in elegiac verse; to bewail.
Carlyle.
El"e*gy (?), n.; pl.
Elegies (#). [L.
elegia, Gr. /, fem. sing. (cf. /, prop., neut. pl.
of / a distich in elegiac verse), fr. / elegiac, fr. / a
song of mourning.] A mournful or plaintive poem; a
funereal song; a poem of lamentation.
Shak.
E*le"i*din (?), n.
(Biol.) Lifeless matter deposited in the form of
minute granules within the protoplasm of living cells.
El"e*ment (?), n. [F.
\'82l\'82ment, L. elementum.]
1. One of the simplest or essential parts or
principles of which anything consists, or upon which the
constitution or fundamental powers of anything are based.
2. One of the ultimate, undecomposable constituents
of any kind of matter. Specifically: (Chem.) A
substance which cannot be decomposed into different kinds of
matter by any means at present employed; as, the
elements of water are oxygen and hydrogen.
alkaline
elements, the halogen group, and the like. They are
roughly divided into two great classes, the metals, as
sodium, calcium, etc., which form basic compounds, and the
nonmetals or metalloids, as oxygen,
sulphur, chlorine, which form acid compounds; but the distinction
is only relative, and some, as arsenic, tin, aluminium, etc.,
form both acid and basic compounds. The essential fact regarding
every element is its relative atomic weight or
equivalent. When the elements are tabulated in the
order of their ascending atomic weights, the arrangement
constitutes the series of the Periodic law of
Mendelejeff. See Periodic law, under
Periodic. This Periodic law enables us to predict the
qualities of unknown elements. The number of elements known is
about seventy-five, but the gaps in the Periodic law indicate the
possibility of many more. Many of the elements with which we are
familiar, as hydrogen, carbon, iron, gold, etc., have been
recognized, by means of spectrum analysis, in the sun and the
fixed stars. From certain evidence (as that afforded by the
Periodic law, spectrum analysis, etc.) it appears that the
chemical elements probably may not be simple bodies, but only
very stable compounds of some simpler body or bodies. In
formulas, the elements are designated by abbreviations of their
names in Latin or New Latin.
<-- p. 478 -->
The Elements
------------------------------------------------------------
Name |Sym-|Atomic Weight|
|bol | O=16 | H=1 |
------------------------------------------------------------
Aluminum | Al | 27.1 | 26.9|
Antimony(Stibium)
Argon
Arsenic
Barium
Beryllium (see Glucinum)
Bismuth
Boron
Bromine
Cadmium
Caesium
Calcium
Carbon
Cerium
Chlorine
Chromium
Cobalt
Columbium
Copper (Cuprum)
Erbium
Fluorine
Gadolinium
Gallium
Germanium
Glucinum <--(now Beryllium)-->
Gold
Helium
Hydrogen
Indium
Iodine
Iridium
Iron (Ferrum)
Krypton
Lanthanum
Lead (Plumbum)
Lithium
Magnesium
Manganese
Mercury (Hydrargyrum)
Molybdenum
Neodymium
Neon
Nickel
Niobium (see Columbium)
Nirogen
Osmium
Oxygen
Palladium
Phosphorus
Platinum
Potassium (Kalium)
Praseodymium
Rhodium
Rubidium
Ruthenium
<-- p. 479 -->
-----------------------------------------------------------
The Elements -- continued
------------------------------------------------------------
Name
Samarium
Scandium
Selenium
Silicon
Silver (Argentum)
Sodium (Natrium)
Strontium
Sulphur
Tantalum
Tellurium
Thallium
Thorium
Thulium
Tin (Stannum)
Titanium
Tungsten (Wolframium)
Uranium
Vanadium
Wolfranium (see Tungsten)
Xenon
Ytterbium
Yttrium
Zinc
Zirconium
------------------------------------------------------------
Several other elements have been announced, as holmium,
vesbium, austrium, etc., but their properties, and in some cases
their existence, have not yet been definitely established.
3. One of the ultimate parts which are variously
combined in anything; as, letters are the elements
of written language; hence, also, a simple portion of that
which is complex, as a shaft, lever, wheel, or any simple part in
a machine; one of the essential ingredients of any mixture; a
constituent part; as, quartz, feldspar, and mica are the
elements of granite.
The simplicity which is so large an element in a
noble nature was laughed to scorn.
Jowett (Thucyd.).
4. (a) One out of several parts combined
in a system of aggregation, when each is of the nature of the
whole; as, a single cell is an element of the
honeycomb. (b) (Anat.) One of
the smallest natural divisions of the organism, as a blood
corpuscle, a muscular fiber.
5. (Biol.) One of the simplest essential
parts, more commonly called cells, of which animal and
vegetable organisms, or their tissues and organs, are
composed.
6. (Math.) (a) An infinitesimal
part of anything of the same nature as the entire magnitude
considered; as, in a solid an element may be
infinitesimal portion between any two planes that are separated
and indefinitely small distance. In the calculus,
element is sometimes used as synonymous with
differential. (b) Sometimes a curve, or
surface, or volume is considered as described by a moving point,
or curve, or surface, the latter being at any instant called an
element of the former. (c) One of
the terms in an algebraic expression.
7. One of the necessary data or values upon which a
system of calculations depends, or general conclusions are based;
as, the elements of a planet's orbit.
8. pl. The simplest or fundamental
principles of any system in philosophy, science, or art;
rudiments; as, the elements of geometry, or of
music.
9. pl. Any outline or sketch, regarded
as containing the fundamental ideas or features of the thing in
question; as, the elemental of a plan.
10. One of the simple substances, as supposed by
the ancient philosophers; one of the imaginary principles of
matter. (a) The four elements
were, air, earth, water, and fire; whence it is said, water is
the proper element of fishes; air is the
element of birds. Hence, the state or sphere natural
to anything or suited for its existence.
Of elements
The grosser feeds the purer: Earth the Sea;
Earth and the Sea feed Air; the Air those Fires
Ethereal.
Milton.
Does not our life consist of the four elements?
Shak.
And the complexion of the element [i.
e.,the sky or air]
In favor's like the work we have in hand,
Most bloody, fiery, and most terrible.
Shak.
About twelve ounces [of food], with mere element
for drink.
Cheyne.
They show that they are out of their element.
T. Baker.
Esp., the conditions and movements of the air. \'bdThe
elements be kind to thee.\'b8 (b) The
elements of the alchemists were salt, sulphur, and
mercury.
Brande & C.
11. pl. The whole material composing
the world.
The elements shall melt with fervent heat.
2 Peter iii. 10.
12. pl. (Eccl.) The bread
and wine used in the eucharist or Lord's supper.
Magnetic element, one of the hypothetical
elementary portions of which a magnet is regarded as made
up.
El"e*ment (?), v. t. 1.
To compound of elements or first principles.
[Obs.] \'bd[Love] being elemented
too.\'b8
Donne.
2. To constitute; to make up with elements.
His very soul was elemented of nothing but
sadness.
Walton.
El`e*men"tal (?), a. 1.
Pertaining to the elements, first principles, and primary
ingredients, or to the four supposed elements of the material
world; as, elemental air.
\'bdElemental strife.\'b8
Pope.
2. Pertaining to rudiments or first principles;
rudimentary; elementary. \'bdThe elemental rules
of erudition.\'b8
Cawthorn.
El`e*men"tal*ism (?), a. The
theory that the heathen divinities originated in the
personification of elemental powers.
E`le*men*tal"i*ty (?), n. The
condition of being composed of elements, or a thing so
composed.
El`e*men"tal*ly (?), adv.
According to elements; literally; as, the words,
\'bdTake, eat; this is my body,\'b8 elementally
understood.
El`e*men"tar (?), a.
Elementary. [Obs.]
Skelton.
El`e*men"ta*ri*ness (?), n. The
state of being elementary; original simplicity; uncompounded
state.
El`e*men*tar"i*ty (?), n.
Elementariness. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
El`e*men"ta*ry (?), a. [L.
elementarius: cf. F.
\'82l\'82mentaire.]
1. Having only one principle or constituent part;
consisting of a single element; simple; uncompounded; as, an
elementary substance.
2. Pertaining to, or treating of, the elements,
rudiments, or first principles of anything; initial; rudimental;
introductory; as, an elementary treatise.
3. Pertaining to one of the four elements, air,
water, earth, fire. \'bdSome luminous and fiery impressions
in the elementary region.\'b8
J. Spencer.
El`e*men*ta"tion (?), n.
Instruction in the elements or first principles.
[R.]
El"e*men*toid` (?), a.
[Element + -oid.]
Resembling an element.
El"e*mi (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82lemi, It. elemi, Sp. elemi;
of American or Oriental. origin.] A fragrant gum resin
obtained chiefly tropical trees of the genera Amyris
and Canarium. A. elemifera yields Mexican
elemi; C. commune, the Manila elemi. It is used in the
manufacture of varnishes, also in ointments and plasters.
El"e*min (?), n. (Chem.)
A transparent, colorless oil obtained from elemi resin by
distillation with water; also, a crystallizable extract from the
resin.
E*lench" (?), n.; pl.
Elenchs (#). [L.
elenchus, Gr. /, fr. / to convict, confute, prove:
cf. OF. elenche.] (Logic)
(a) That part of an argument on which its
conclusiveness depends; that which convinces of refutes an
antagonist; a refutation. (b) A specious but
fallacious argument; a sophism.
E*len"chic*al (?), a.
Pertaining to an elench.
E*len"chic*al*ly, adv. By means of an
elench.
E*len"chize (?), v. i. To
dispute. [R.]
B. Jonson.
{ E*lench"tic, E*lench"tic*al (?)
}, a. Same as Elenctic.
\'d8E*len"chus (?), n.
[L.] Same as Elench.
{ E*lenc"tic (?), E*lenc"tic*al
(?), } a. [Gr./.]
(Logic) Serving to refute; refutative; -- applied
to indirect modes of proof, and opposed to
deictic.
El"enge (?), a. [Cf. AS.
ellende foreign, strange, G. elend
miserable.] Sorrowful; wretched; full of
trouble. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
El"enge*ness, n. Loneliness;
misery. [Obs.]
El"e*phan*sy (?), n. [L.
elephantia.] Elephantiasis.
[Obs.]
Holland.
El"e*phant (?), n. [OE.
elefaunt, olifant, OF. olifant,
F. \'82l\'82phant, L. elephantus,
elephas, -antis, fr. Gr. /, /; of
unknown origin; perh. fr. Skr. ibha, with the Semitic
article al, el, prefixed, or fr. Semitic
Aleph hindi Indian bull; or cf. Goth.
ulbandus camel, AS. olfend.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A mammal of the order
Proboscidia, of which two living species, Elephas
Indicus and E. Africanus, and several fossil
species, are known. They have a proboscis or trunk, and two large
ivory tusks proceeding from the extremity of the upper jaw, and
curving upwards. The molar teeth are large and have transverse
folds. Elephants are the largest land animals now existing.
2. Ivory; the tusk of the elephant.
[Obs.]
Dryden.
<-- Illustr. of Elephant. -->
Elephant apple (Bot.), an East
Indian fruit with a rough, hard rind, and edible pulp, borne by
Feronia elephantum, a large tree related to the
orange. -- Elephant bed (Geol.),
at Brighton, England, abounding in fossil remains of
elephants. Mantell. -- Elephant beetle
(Zo\'94l.), any very large beetle of the genus
Goliathus (esp. G. giganteus), of the
family Scarab\'91id\'91. They inhabit West
Africa. -- Elephant fish (Zo\'94l.),
a chim\'91roid fish (Callorhynchus antarcticus),
with a proboscis-like projection of the snout. --
Elephant paper, paper of large size, 23 -- Double elephant paper, paper
measuring 26/ Paper. -- Elephant seal
(Zo\'94l.), an African jumping shrew
(Macroscelides typicus), having a long nose like a
proboscis. -- Elephant's ear (Bot.),
a name given to certain species of the genus Begonia, which
have immense one-sided leaves. -- Elephant's foot
(Bot.) (a) A South African plant
(Testudinaria Elephantipes), which has a massive
rootstock covered with a kind of bark cracked with deep fissures;
-- called also tortoise plant. The interior
part is barely edible, whence the plant is also called
Hottentot's bread. (b) A
genus (Elephantopus) of coarse, composite weeds.
-- Elephant's tusk (Zo\'94l.), the
tooth shell. See Dentalium.
El`e*phan"ti*ac (?), a.
(Med.) Affected with elephantiasis;
characteristic of elephantiasis.
\'d8El`e*phan*ti"a*sis (?), n.
[L., fr. Gr. /, from /, /, an elephant.]
(Med.) A disease of the skin, in which it become
enormously thickened, and is rough, hard, and fissured, like an
elephant's hide.
El`e*phan"tine (?), a. [L.
elephantinus of ivory, Gr. /: cf. F.
\'82l\'82phantin.] Pertaining to the
elephant, or resembling an elephant (commonly, in size); hence,
huge; immense; heavy; as, of elephantine
proportions; an elephantine step or tread.
Elephantine epoch (Geol.), the
epoch distinguished by the existence of large pachyderms.
Mantell. -- Elephantine tortoise
(Zo\'94l.), a huge land tortoise; esp.,
Testudo elephantina, from islands in the Indian Ocean;
and T. elephantopus, from the Galapagos
Islands.
{ El"e*phan*toid` (?; 277),
El`e*phan*toid"al (?), } a.
[Elephant + -oid.]
(Zo\'94l.) Resembling an elephant in form or
appearance.
El`eu*sin"i*an (?), a. [L.
Eleusinius, Gr. /.] Pertaining to
Eleusis, in Greece, or to secret rites in honor of Ceres, there
celebrated; as, Eleusinian mysteries or
festivals.
\'d8E*leu`ther*o*ma"ni*a (?), n.
[Gr. / free + E. mania.] A mania or
frantic zeal for freedom. [R.]
Carlyle.
E*leu`ther*o*ma"ni*ac, a. Mad for
freedom. [R.]
E*leu`ther*o-pet"al*ous (?), a.
[Gr. / free + E. petal.]
(Bot.) Having the petals free, that is, entirely
separate from each other; -- said of both plant and flower.
El"e*vate (?), a. [L.
elevatus, p. p.] Elevated; raised
aloft. [Poetic]
Milton.
El"e*vate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Elevated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Elevating
(?).] [L. elevatus, p. p. of
elevare; e + levare to lift up, raise, akin
to levis light in weight. See Levity.]
1. To bring from a lower place to a higher; to lift
up; to raise; as, to elevate a weight, a flagstaff,
etc.
2. To raise to a higher station; to promote;
as, to elevate to an office, or to a high social
position.
3. To raise from a depressed state; to animate; to
cheer; as, to elevate the spirits.
4. To exalt; to ennoble; to dignify; as, to
elevate the mind or character.
5. To raise to a higher pitch, or to a greater
degree of loudness; -- said of sounds; as, to
elevate the voice.
6. To intoxicate in a slight degree; to render
tipsy. [Colloq. & Sportive] \'bdThe
elevated cavaliers sent for two tubs of merry
stingo.\'b8
Sir W. Scott.
7. To lessen; to detract from; to disparage.
[A Latin meaning] [Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.
To elevate a piece (Gun.), to raise
the muzzle; to lower the breech.
Syn. -- To exalt; dignify; ennoble; erect; raise; hoist;
heighten; elate; cheer; flush; excite; animate.
El"e*va`ted (?), a. Uplifted;
high; lofty; also, animated; noble; as, elevated
thoughts.
Elevated railway, one in which the track is
raised considerably above the ground, especially a city railway
above the line of street travel.
El"e*va`ted*ness, n. The quality of
being elevated.
El`e*va"tion (?), n. [L.
elevatio: cf. F. \'82l\'82vation.]
1. The act of raising from a lower place,
condition, or quality to a higher; -- said of material things,
persons, the mind, the voice, etc.; as, the
elevation of grain; elevation to a throne;
elevation of mind, thoughts, or character.
2. Condition of being elevated; height;
exaltation. \'bdDegrees of elevation above
us.\'b8
Locke.
His style . . . wanted a little elevation.
Sir H. Wotton.
3. That which is raised up or elevated; an elevated
place or station; as, an elevation of the
ground; a hill.
4. (Astron.) The distance of a celestial
object above the horizon, or the arc of a vertical circle
intercepted between it and the horizon; altitude; as, the
elevation of the pole, or of a star.
5. (Dialing) The angle which the style
makes with the substylar line.
6. (Gunnery) The movement of the axis of
a piece in a vertical plane; also, the angle of elevation, that
is, the angle between the axis of the piece and the line o/
sight; -- distinguished from direction.
7. (Drawing) A geometrical projection of
a building, or other object, on a plane perpendicular to the
horizon; orthographic projection on a vertical plane; -- called
by the ancients the orthography.
Angle of elevation (Geodesy), the
angle which an ascending line makes with a horizontal plane.
-- Elevation of the host (R. C. Ch.),
that part of the Mass in which the priest raises the host
above his head for the people to adore.
El"e*va`tor (?), n. [L., one
who raises up, a deliverer: cf. F.
\'82l\'82vateur.] One who, or that which,
raises or lifts up anything; as: (a) A
mechanical contrivance, usually an endless belt or chain with a
series of scoops or buckets, for transferring grain to an upper
loft for storage. (b) A cage or platform and
the hoisting machinery in a hotel, warehouse, mine, etc., for
conveying persons, goods, etc., to or from different floors or
levels; -- called in England a lift; the cage or
platform itself. (c) A building for
elevating, storing, and discharging, grain. (d)
(Anat.) A muscle which serves to raise a part of
the body, as the leg or the eye. (e)
(Surg.) An instrument for raising a depressed
portion of a bone.
Elevator head, leg, boot, the boxes in which the upper pulley,
belt, and lower pulley, respectively, run in a grain
elevator.
El"e*va`to*ry (?), a. Tending
to raise, or having power to elevate; as, elevatory
forces.
El"e*va`to*ry, n. [Cf. F.
\'82l\'82vatoire.] (Surg.) See
Elevator, n. (e).
Dunglison.
<-- p. 480 -->
\'d8\'90`l\'8ave" (/), n.
[F., fr. \'82lever to raise, bring up.]
A pupil; a student.
E*lev"en (?), a. [OE.
enleven, AS. endleofan,
endlufon, for nleofan; akin to LG.
eleve, \'94lwe, \'94lwen, D.
elf, G. elf, eilf, OHG.
einlif, Icel. ellifu, Sw. elfva,
Dan. elleve, Goth. ainlif, cf. Lith.
v\'89nolika; and fr. the root of E. one +
(prob.) a root signifying \'bdto be left over, remain,\'b8
appearing in E. loan, or perh. in leave, v.
t., life. See One, and cf.
Twelve.] Ten and one added; as,
eleven men.
E*lev"en, n. 1. The sum of ten
and one; eleven units or objects.
2. A symbol representing eleven units, as 11 or
xi.
3. (Cricket & American Football) The
eleven men selected to play on one side in a match, as the
representatives of a club or a locality; as, the all-England
eleven.
E*lev"enth (?), a. [Cf. AS.
endlyfta. See Eleven.]
1. Next after the tenth; as, the
eleventh chapter.
2. Constituting one of eleven parts into which a
thing is divided; as, the eleventh part of a
thing.
3. (Mus.) Of or pertaining to the
interval of the octave and the fourth.
E*lev"enth, n. 1. The quotient
of a unit divided by eleven; one of eleven equal parts.
2. (Mus.) The interval consisting of ten
conjunct degrees; the interval made up of an octave and a
fourth.
Elf (?), n.; pl.
Elves (#). [AS. \'91lf,
ylf; akin to MHG. alp, G. alp
nightmare, incubus, Icel. /ltr elf, Sw.
alf, elfva; cf. Skr. rbhu
skillful, artful, rabh to grasp. Cf. Auf,
Oaf.]
1. An imaginary supernatural being, commonly a
little sprite, much like a fairy; a mythological diminutive
spirit, supposed to haunt hills and wild places, and generally
represented as delighting in mischievous tricks.
Every elf, and fairy sprite,
Hop as light as bird from brier.
Shak.
2. A very diminutive person; a dwarf.
Elf arrow, a flint arrowhead; -- so called by
the English rural folk who often find these objects of
prehistoric make in the fields and formerly attributed them to
fairies; -- called also elf bolt, elf
dart, and elf shot. -- Elf
child, a child supposed to be left by elves, in room of
one they had stolen. See Changeling. -- Elf
fire, the ignis fatuus. Brewer. --
Elf owl (Zo\'94l.), a small owl
(Micrathene Whitneyi) of Southern California and
Arizona.
Elf, v. t. To entangle mischievously, as
an elf might do.
Elf all my hair in knots.
Shak.
Elf"in (?), a. Relating to
elves.
Elf"in, n. A little elf or urchin.
Shenstone.
Elf"ish, a. Of or relating to the elves;
elflike; implike; weird; scarcely human; mischievous, as though
caused by elves. \'bdElfish light.\'b8
Coleridge.
The elfish intelligence that was so familiar an
expression on her small physiognomy.
Hawthorne.
Elf"ish*ly, adv. In an elfish
manner.
Elf"ish*ness, n. The quality of being
elfish.
Elf"kin (?), n. A little
elf.
Elf"land` (?), n.
Fairyland.
Tennyson.
Elf"lock` (?), n. Hair matted,
or twisted into a knot, as if by elves.
El"gin mar"bles (?). Greek sculptures in
the British Museum. They were obtained at Athens, about 1811, by
Lord Elgin.
E*lic"it (?), a. [L.
elictus, p. p. of elicere to elicit; e
+ lacere to entice. Cf. Delight,
Lace.] Elicited; drawn out; made real; open;
evident. [Obs.] \'bdAn elicit act
of equity.\'b8
Jer. Taylor.
E*lic"it, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Elicited; p. pr. & vb. n.
Eliciting.] To draw out or entice
forth; to bring to light; to bring out against the will; to
deduce by reason or argument; as, to elicit truth by
discussion.
E*lic"i*tate (?), v. t. To
elicit. [Obs.]
E*lic`i*ta"tion (?), n. The act
of eliciting. [Obs.]
Abp. Bramhall.
E*lide" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Elided; p. pr.
& vb. n. Eliding.] [L.
elidere to strike out or off; e + laedere
to hurt by striking: cf. F. \'82lider. See
Lesion.]
1. To break or dash in pieces; to demolish; as,
to elide the force of an argument.
[Obs.]
Hooker.
2. (Gram.) To cut off, as a vowel or a
syllable, usually the final one; to subject to elision.
El`i*gi*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf.
F. \'82ligibilit\'82.] The quality of being
eligible; eligibleness; as, the eligibility of a
candidate; the eligibility of an offer of
marriage.
El"i*gi*ble (?), a. [F.
\'82ligible, fr. L. eligere. See
Elect.]
1. That may be selected; proper or qualified to be
chosen; legally qualified to be elected and to hold office.
2. Worthy to be chosen or selected; suitable;
desirable; as, an eligible situation for a
house.
The more eligible of the two evils.
Burke.
El"i*gi*ble*ness, n. The quality worthy
or qualified to be chosen; suitableness; desirableness.
El"i*gi*bly, adv. In an eligible
manner.
El"i*mate (?), v. t. [L.
elimatus, p. p. of elimare to file up;
e out + limare to file, fr. lima
file.] To render smooth; to polish.
[Obs.]
E*lim"i*nant (?), n.
(Math.) The result of eliminating n
variables between n homogeneous equations of any
degree; -- called also resultant.
E*lim"i*nate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Eliminated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Eliminating
(?).] [L. eliminatus, p. p.
of eliminare; e out + limen
threshold; prob. akin to limes boundary. See
Limit.]
1. To put out of doors; to expel; to discharge; to
release; to set at liberty.
Eliminate my spirit, give it range
Through provinces of thought yet unexplored.
Young.
2. (Alg.) To cause to disappear from an
equation; as, to eliminate an unknown
quantity.
3. To set aside as unimportant in a process of
inductive inquiry; to leave out of consideration.
Eliminate errors that have been gathering and
accumulating.
Lowth.
4. To obtain by separating, as from foreign
matters; to deduce; as, to eliminate an idea or a
conclusion. [Recent, and not well
authorized]
5. (Physiol.) To separate; to expel from
the system; to excrete; as, the kidneys eliminate
urea, the lungs carbonic acid; to eliminate poison from
the system.
E*lim`i*na"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82limination.]
1. The act of expelling or throwing off;
(Physiol.) the act of discharging or excreting
waste products or foreign substances through the various
emunctories.
2. (Alg.) Act of causing a quantity to
disappear from an equation; especially, in the operation of
deducing from several equations containing several unknown
quantities a less number of equations containing a less number of
unknown quantities.
3. The act of obtaining by separation, or as the
result of eliminating; deduction. [See Eliminate,
4.]
E*lim"i*na*tive (?), a.
(Physiol.) Relating to, or carrying on,
elimination.
E*lin"guate (?), v. t. [L.
elinguare.] To deprive of the tongue.
[Obs.]
Davies (Holy Roode).
E`lin*gua"tion (?), n. [L.
elinguatio. See Elinguid.] (O.
Eng. Law) Punishment by cutting out the tongue.
E*lin"guid (?), a. [L.
elinguis, prop., deprived of the tongue; hence,
speechless; e + lingua tongue.]
Tongue-tied; dumb. [Obs.]
E*liq"ua*ment (?), n. A liquid
obtained from fat, or fat fish, by pressure.
El`i*qua"tion (?), n. [L.
eliquatio, fr. eliquare to clarify, strain;
e + liquare to make liquid, melt.]
(Metallurgy) The process of separating a fusible
substance from one less fusible, by means of a degree of heat
sufficient to melt the one and not the other, as an alloy of
copper and lead; liquation.
Ure.
E*li"son (?), n. [L.
elisio, fr. elidere, elisum, to
strike out: cf. F. \'82lision. See
Elide.]
1. Division; separation. [Obs.]
Bacon.
2. (Gram.) The cutting off or
suppression of a vowel or syllable, for the sake of meter or
euphony; esp., in poetry, the dropping of a final vowel standing
before an initial vowel in the following word, when the two words
are drawn together.
E*li"sor (?), n. [F.
\'82liseur, fr. \'82lire to choose, L.
eligere. See Elect.] (Eng.
Law) An elector or chooser; one of two persons
appointed by a court to return a jury or serve a writ when the
sheriff and the coroners are disqualified.
\'d8/`lite" (?), n. [F., fr.
\'82lire to choose, L. eligere. See
Elect.] A choice or select body; the flower;
as, the \'82lite of society.
E*lix" (?), v. t. [See
Elixate.] To extract.
[Obs.]
Marston.
E*lix"ate (?), v. t. [L.
elixatus, p. p. of elixare to seethe, fr.
elixus thoroughly boiled; e + lixare to
boil, lix ashes.] To boil; to seethe;
hence, to extract by boiling or seething.
[Obs.]
Cockeram.
El`ix*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82lixation.] A seething; digestion.
[Obs.]
Burton.
E*lix"ir (?), n. [F.
\'82lixir, Sp. elixir, Ar.
eliks\'c6r the philosopher's stone, prob. from Gr. /
dry, (hence probably) a dry powder; cf. Skr. ksh\'be
to burn.]
1. (Med.) A tincture with more than one
base; a compound tincture or medicine, composed of various
substances, held in solution by alcohol in some form.
2. (Alchemy) An imaginary liquor capable
of transmuting metals into gold; also, one for producing life
indefinitely; as, elixir vit\'91, or the
elixir of life.
3. The refined spirit; the quintessence.
The . . . elixir of worldly delights.
South.
4. Any cordial or substance which
invigorates.
The grand elixir, to support the spirits of human
nature.
Addison.
E*liz"a*beth`an (?), a.
Pertaining to Queen Elizabeth or her times, esp. to the
architecture or literature of her reign; as, the
Elizabethan writers, drama, literature. --
n. One who lived in England in the time of
Queen Elizabeth.
Lowell.
Elk (?), n. [Icel.
elgr; akin to Sw. elg, AS. eolh,
OHG. elaho, MHG. elch, cf. L.
alces; perh. akin to E. eland.]
(Zo\'94l.) A large deer, of several species. The
European elk (Alces machlis or Cervus
alces) is closely allied to the American moose. The
American elk, or wapiti (Cervus Canadensis), is
closely related to the European stag. See Moose, and
Wapiti.
Irish elk (Paleon.), a large,
extinct, Quaternary deer (Cervus giganteus) with
widely spreading antlers. Its remains have been found beneath the
peat of swamps in Ireland and England. See Illustration
in Appendix; also Illustration of Antler.
-- Cape elk (Zo\'94l.), the
eland.
{ Elk, Elke } (?),
n. (Zo\'94l.) The European wild or
whistling swan (Cygnus ferus).
Elk"nut` (?), n. (Bot.)
The buffalo nut. See under Buffalo.
Elk"wood` (?), n. The soft,
spongy wood of a species of Magnolia (M.
Umbrella).
Ell (?), n. [AS.
eln; akin to D. el, elle, G.
elle, OHG. elina, Icel. alin,
Dan. alen, Sw. aln, Goth.
alenia, L. ulna elbow, ell, Gr. / elbow.
Cf. Elbow, Alnage.] A measure for
cloth; -- now rarely used. It is of different lengths in
different countries; the English ell being 45 inches, the Dutch
or Flemish ell 27, the Scotch about 37.
Ell, n. (Arch.) See
L.
El"la*chick (?), n. [Native
Indian name.] (Zo\'94l.) A fresh-water
tortoise (Chelopus marmoratus) of California; -- used
as food.
El*lag"ic (?), a. [F., fr.
galle gall (with the letters reversed).]
(Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from, gallnuts
or gallic acid; as, ellagic acid.
Ellagic acid (Chem.), a white
crystalline substance, C14H8O9, found in bezoar
stones, and obtained by the oxidation of gallic acid.
El"le*bore (?), n.
Hellebore. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
El*leb"o*rin (?), n. See
Helleborin.
El"leck (?), n. [Etymol.
uncertain.] (Zo\'94l.) The red gurnard or
cuckoo fish. [Prov. Eng.]
{El"lenge (?), El"linge
(?), a., El"lenge*ness,
El"linge*ness, n }. See
Elenge, Elengeness. [Obs.]
El"les (?), adv. & conj. See
Else. [Obs.]
El*lipse" (?), n. [Gr. /,
prop., a defect, the inclination of the ellipse to the base of
the cone being in defect when compared with that of the side to
the base: cf. F. ellipse. See
Ellipsis.]
1. (Geom.) An oval or oblong figure,
bounded by a regular curve, which corresponds to an oblique
projection of a circle, or an oblique section of a cone through
its opposite sides. The greatest diameter of the ellipse is the
major axis, and the least diameter is the minor axis. See
Conic section, under Conic, and cf.
Focus.
2. (Gram.) Omission. See
Ellipsis.
3. The elliptical orbit of a planet.
The Sun flies forward to his brother Sun;
The dark Earth follows wheeled in her ellipse.
Tennyson.
El*lip"sis (?), n.; pl.
Ellipses (#). [L., fr. Gr. / a
leaving, defect, fr. / to leave in fall short; / in + / to
leave. See In, and Loan, and cf.
Ellipse.]
1. (Gram.) Omission; a figure of syntax,
by which one or more words, which are obviously understood, are
omitted; as, the virtues I admire, for, the virtues
which I admire.
2. (Geom.) An ellipse.
[Obs.]
El*lip"so*graph (?), n.
[Ellipse + graph: cf. F.
ellipsographe.] An instrument for
describing ellipses; -- called also
trammel.
El*lip"soid (?), n.
[Ellipse + -oid: cf. F.
ellipsoide.] (Geom.) A solid,
all plane sections of which are ellipses or circles. See
Conoid, n., 2 (a).
a, b, and c, each at right
angles to the other two, and each dividing the solid into two
equal and symmetrical parts. The lines of meeting of these
principal sections are the axes, or principal diameters of the
ellipsoid. The point where the three planes meet is the
center.
Ellipsoid of revolution, a spheroid; a solid
figure generated by the revolution of an ellipse about one of its
axes. It is called a prolate spheroid, or
prolatum, when the ellipse is revolved about the major
axis, and an oblate spheroid, or oblatum,
when it is revolved about the minor axis.
{ El*lip"soid (?), El`lip*soi"dal
(?), } a. Pertaining to, or shaped
like, an ellipsoid; as, ellipsoid or
ellipsoidal form.
{ El*lip"tic (?), El*lip"tic*al
(?), } a. [Gr. /: cf. F.
elliptique. See Ellipsis.]
1. Of or pertaining to an ellipse; having the form
of an ellipse; oblong, with rounded ends.
The planets move in elliptic orbits.
Cheyne.
2. Having a part omitted; as, an
elliptical phrase.
Elliptic chuck. See under Chuck.
-- Elliptic compasses, an instrument arranged for
drawing ellipses. -- Elliptic function.
(Math.) See Function. --
Elliptic integral. (Math.) See
Integral. -- Elliptic polarization.
See under Polarization.
El*lip"tic*al*ly, adv. 1. In
the form of an ellipse.
2. With a part omitted; as,
elliptically expressed.
El`lip*tic"i*ty (?), n. [Cf. F.
ellipticit\'82.] Deviation of an ellipse or
a spheroid from the form of a circle or a sphere; especially, in
reference to the figure of the earth, the difference between the
equatorial and polar semidiameters, divided by the equatorial;
thus, the ellipticity of the earth is
ellipticity as the ratio
of the difference of the two semiaxes to the minor axis, instead
of the major.
Nichol.
El*lip"tic-lan"ce*o*late (?), a.
(Bot.) Having a form intermediate between
elliptic and lanceolate.
El*lip"to*graph (?), n. Same as
Ellipsograph.
Ell"wand (?), n. Formerly, a
measuring rod an ell long.
Elm (?), n. [AS.
elm; akin to D. olm, OHG. elm,
G. ulme, Icel. almr, Dan. & Sw.
alm, L. ulmus, and E. alder. Cf.
Old.] (Bot.) A tree of the genus
Ulmus, of several species, much used as a shade tree,
particularly in America. The English elm is Ulmus
campestris; the common American or white elm is U.
Americana; the slippery or red elm, U.
fulva.
Elm beetle (Zo\'94l.), one of
several species of beetles (esp. Galeruca
calmariensis), which feed on the leaves of the elm. --
Elm borer (Zo\'94l.), one of several
species of beetles of which the larv\'91 bore into the wood or
under the bark of the elm (esp. Saperda
tridentata). -- Elm butterfly
(Zo\'94l.), one of several species of butterflies,
which, in the caterpillar state, feed on the leaves of the elm
(esp. Vanessa antiopa and Grapta comma).
See Comma butterfly, under Comma. --
Elm moth (Zo\'94l.), one of numerous
species of moths of which the larv\'91 destroy the leaves of the
elm (esp. Eugonia subsignaria, called elm
spanworm). -- Elm sawfly
(Zo\'94l.), a large sawfly (Cimbex
Americana). The larva, which is white with a black dorsal
stripe, feeds on the leaves of the elm.
Elm"en (?), a. Belonging to
elms. [Obs.]
El"mo's fire` (?). See Corposant;
also Saint Elmo's Fire, under Saint.
Elm"y (?), a. Abounding with
elms.
The simple spire and elmy grange.
T. Warton.
El`o*ca"tion (?), n. [Pref.
e- + locate.]
1. A removal from the usual place of
residence. [Obs.]
2. Departure from the usual state; an
ecstasy. [Obs.]
<-- p. 481 -->
E*loc"u*lar (?), a. [Pref.
e- + locular.] Having but one
cell, or cavity; not divided by a septum or partition.
El`o*cu"tion (?), n. [L.
elocutio, fr. eloqui, elocutus,
to speak out: cf. F. \'82locution. See
Eloquent.]
1. Utterance by speech. [R.]
[Fruit] whose taste . . .
Gave elocution to the mute, and taught
The tongue not made for speech to speak thy praise.
Milton.
2. Oratorical or expressive delivery, including the
graces of intonation, gesture, etc.; style or manner of speaking
or reading in public; as, clear, impressive
elocution. \'bdThe elocution of a
reader.\'b8
Whately
3. Suitable and impressive writing or style;
eloquent diction. [Obs.]
To express these thoughts with elocution.
Dryden.
El`o*cu"tion*a*ry (?), a.
Pertaining to elocution.
El`o*cu"tion*ist, n. One who is versed
in elocution; a teacher of elocution.
El"o*cu`tive (?), a. Pertaining
to oratorical expression. [Obs.]
Feltham.
E*lo"di*an (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) One of a tribe of tortoises, including
the terrapins, etc., in which the head and neck can be
withdrawn.
\'d8/`loge" (?), n. [F. See
Elogium.] A panegyrical funeral
oration.
El"o*gist (?), n. [F.
\'82logiste.] One who pronounces an
\'82loge.
{ E*lo"gi*um (?), El"o*gy
(?), } n. [L. elogium a
short saying, an inscription, fr. Gr. / speech, fr. / to
speak. Cf. /loge.] The praise bestowed on a
person or thing; panegyric; eulogy.
E*lo"him (?), n. [Heb.]
One of the principal names by which God is designated in the
Hebrew Scriptures.
E*lo"hist (?), n. The writer,
or one of the writers, of the passages of the Old Testament,
notably those of Elohim instead of Jehovah,
as the name of the Supreme Being; -- distinguished from
Jehovist.
S. Davidson.
El`o*his"tic (?), a. Relating
to Elohim as a name of God; -- said of passages in the Old
Testament.
E*loign" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Eloigned
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Eloigning.] [F. \'82loigner,
OF. esloignier; pref. es- (L.
ex) + OF. & F. loin far, far off, L.
longe, fr. longus long. See
Elongate.] >[Written also
eloin.]
1. To remove afar off; to withdraw.
[Obs.]
From worldly cares he did himself eloign.
Spenser.
2. (Law) To convey to a distance, or
beyond the jurisdiction, or to conceal, as goods liable to
distress.
The sheriff may return that the goods or beasts are
eloigned.
Blackstone.
E*loign"ate (?), v. t. To
remove. [Obs.]
Howell.
E*loign"ment (?), n. [F.
\'82loignement.] Removal to a distance;
withdrawal. [Obs.]
E*loin" (?), v. t. See
Eloign.
E*loin"ate (?), v. t. See
Eloignate.
E*loin"ment (?), n. See
Eloignment.
E*long" (?; 115), v. t. [See
Eloign, Elongate.]
1. To lengthen out; to prolong.
[Obs.]
2. To put away; to separate; to keep off.
[Obs.]
Wyatt.
E*lon"gate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Elongated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Elongating.] [LL. elongatus,
p. p. of elongare to remove, to prolong; e
+ L. longus long. See Long, a.,
and cf. Eloign.]
1. To lengthen; to extend; to stretch; as, to
elongate a line.
2. To remove further off. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
E*lon"gate, v. i. To depart to, or be
at, a distance; esp., to recede apparently from the sun, as a
planet in its orbit. [R.]
E*lon"gate (?), a. [LL.
elongatus.] Drawn out at length; elongated;
as, an elongate leaf. \'bdAn
elongate form.\'b8
Earle.
E`lon*ga"tion (?; 277), n. [LL.
elongatio: cf. F. \'82longation.]
1. The act of lengthening, or the state of being
lengthened; protraction; extension.
\'bdElongation of the fibers.\'b8
Arbuthnot.
2. That which lengthens out; continuation.
May not the mountains of Westmoreland and Cumberland be
considered as elongations of these two chains?
Pinkerton.
3. Removal to a distance; withdrawal; a being at a
distance; distance.
The distant points in the celestial expanse appear to the eye
in so small a degree of elongation from one another,
as bears no proportion to what is real.
Glanvill.
4. (Astron.) The angular distance of a
planet from the sun; as, the elongation of Venus or
Mercury.
E*lope" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Eloped (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Eloping.]
[D. ontloopen to run away; pref. ont-
(akin to G. ent-, AS. and-, cf. E.
answer) + loopen to run; akin to E.
leap. See Leap, v. t.]
To run away, or escape privately, from the place or station
to which one is bound by duty; -- said especially of a woman or a
man, either married or unmarried, who runs away with a paramour
or a sweetheart.
Great numbers of them [the women] have eloped from
their allegiance.
Addison.
E*lope"ment (?), n. The act of
eloping; secret departure; -- said of a woman and a man, one or
both, who run away from their homes for marriage or for
cohabitation.
E*lop"er (?), n. One who
elopes.
E"lops (?), n. [L.
elops, helops, a kind of sea fish, Gr.
/.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of fishes. See
Saury.
2. A mythical serpent. [Obs.]
Milton.
El"o*quence (?), n. [F.
\'82loquence, L. eloquentia, fr.
eloquens. See Eloquent.]
1. Fluent, forcible, elegant, and persuasive speech
in public; the power of expressing strong emotions in striking
and appropriate language either spoken or written, thereby
producing conviction or persuasion.
Eloquence is speaking out . . . out of the
abundance of the heart.
Hare.
2. Fig.: Whatever produces the effect of moving and
persuasive speech.
Silence that spoke and eloquence of eyes.
Pope.
The hearts of men are their books; events are their tutors;
great actions are their eloquence.
Macaulay.
3. That which is eloquently uttered or
written.
O, let my books be then the eloquence
And dumb presagers of my speaking breast.
Shak.
Syn. -- Oratory; rhetoric.
El"o*quent (?), a. [F.
\'82loquent, L. eloquens,
-entis, p. pr. of eloqui to speak out,
declaim; e + loqui to speak. See
Loquacious.]
1. Having the power of expressing strong emotions
or forcible arguments in an elevated, impassioned, and effective
manner; as, an eloquent orator or
preacher.
O Death, all-eloquent! You only prove
What dust we dote on when 't is man we love.
Pope.
2. Adapted to express strong emotion or to state
facts arguments with fluency and power; as, an
eloquent address or statement; an eloquent
appeal to a jury.
El"o*quent*ly, adv. In an eloquent
manner.
{ El"rich (?) El"ritch
}, a. Ghastly; preternatural. Same as
Eldritch. [Scot. & Local, Eng.]
Else (?), a. & pron. [OE. & AS.
elles otherwise, gen. sing. of an adj. signifying
other; akin to OHG. elles otherwise, OSw.
\'84ljes, Sw. eljest, Goth.
aljis, adj., other, L. alius, Gr. /. Cf.
Alias, Alien.] Other; one or
something beside; as, Who else is coming? What
else shall I give? Do you expect anything
else? \'bdBastards and else.\'b8
Shak.
else rather than to the
substantive; as, somebody else's; no one
else's. \'bdA boy who is fond of somebody
else's pencil case.\'b8 G. Eliot. \'bdA suit
of clothes like everybody else's.\'b8
Thackeray.
Else, adv. & conj. 1. Besides;
except that mentioned; in addition; as, nowhere
else; no one else.
2. Otherwise; in the other, or the contrary, case;
if the facts were different.
For thou desirest not sacrifice; else would I give
it.
Ps. li. 16.
else is sometimes used
expletively, as simply noting an alternative. \'bdWill you give
thanks, . . . or else shall I?\'b8
Shak.
Else"where` (?), adv. 1.
In any other place; as, these trees are not to be found
elsewhere.
2. In some other place; in other places,
indefinitely; as, it is reported in town and
elsewhere.
Else"whith`er (?), adv. To
some, or any, other place; as, you will have to go
elsewhither for it. R. of
Gloucester.\'bdFor elsewhither was I
bound.\'b8
Carlyle.
Else"wise` (?), adv.
Otherwise. [R.]
El"sin (?), n. A shoemaker's
awl. [Prov. Eng.]
E*lu"ci*date (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Elucidated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Elucidating
(?).] [LL. elucidatus, p. p.
of elucidare; e + lucidus full of light,
clear. See Lucid.] To make clear or manifest;
to render more intelligible; to illustrate; as, an example
will elucidate the subject.
E*lu`ci*da"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82lucidation.] A making clear; the act of
elucidating or that which elucidates, as an explanation, an
exposition, an illustration; as, one example may serve for
further elucidation of the subject.
E*lu"ci*da`tive (?), a. Making
clear; tending to elucidate; as, an elucidative
note.
E*lu"ci*da`tor (?), n. One who
explains or elucidates; an expositor.
E*lu"ci*da*to*ry (?), a.
Tending to elucidate; elucidative. [R.]
E*luc"tate (?), v. i. [L.
eluctatus, p. p. of eluctari to struggle
out; e + luctari to wrestle.] To struggle
out; -- with out. [Obs.]
Bp. Hacket.
E`luc*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
eluctatio.] A struggling out of any
difficulty. [Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
E*lu"cu*brate (?), v. i. [L.
elucubratus, p. p. of elucubrare to compose
by lamplight.] See Lucubrate.
[Obs.]
Blount.
E*lu`cu*bra"tion (?), n. [Cf.
F. \'82lucubration.] See
Lucubration. [Obs.]
Evelyn.
E*lude" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Eluded; p. pr.
& vb. n. Eluding.] [L.
eludere, elusum; e + ludere to
play: cf. F. \'82luder. See Ludicrous.]
To avoid slyly, by artifice, stratagem, or dexterity; to
escape from in a covert manner; to mock by an unexpected escape;
to baffle; as, to elude an officer; to
elude detection, inquiry, search, comprehension; to
elude the force of an argument or a blow.
Me gentle Delia beckons from the plain,
Then, hid in shades, eludes he eager swain.
Pope.
The transition from fetichism to polytheism seems a gradual
process of which the stages elude close
definition.
Tylor.
Syn. -- To evade; avoid; escape; shun; eschew; flee; mock;
baffle; frustrate; foil.
E*lud"i*ble (?), a. Capable of
being eluded; evadible.
E"lul (?), n. [Heb.]
The sixth month of the Jewish year, by the sacred reckoning,
or the twelfth, by the civil reckoning, corresponding nearly to
the month of September.
E*lum"ba*ted (?), a. [L.
elumbis; e + lumbus loin.] Weak
or lame in the loins. [Obs.]
E*lu"sion (?), n. [LL.
elusio, fr. L. eludere, elusum. See
Elude.] Act of eluding; adroit escape, as by
artifice; a mockery; a cheat; trickery.
E*lu"sive (?), a. Tending to
elude; using arts or deception to escape; adroitly escaping or
evading; eluding the grasp; fallacious.
Elusive of the bridal day, she gives
Fond hopes to all, and all with hopes deceives.
Pope.
-- E*lu"sive*ly, adv. --
E*lu"sive*ness, n.
E*lu"so*ry (?), a. [LL.
elusorius.] Tending to elude or deceive;
evasive; fraudulent; fallacious; deceitful; deceptive. --
E*lu"so*ri*ness (#),
n.
E*lute" (?), v. t. [L.
elutus, p. p. of eluers to elute; e +
luere to wash.] To wash out.
[R.]
Arbuthnot.
E*lu"tri*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Elutriated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Elutriating
(?).] [L. elutriatus, p. p.
of elutriare.] To wash or strain out so as
to purify; as, to elutriate the blood as it passes
through the lungs; to strain off or decant, as a powder
which is separated from heavier particles by being drawn off with
water; to cleanse, as by washing.
E*lu`tri*a"tion (?), n. The
process of elutriating; a decanting or racking off by means of
water, as finer particles from heavier.
E*lux"ate (?), v. t. [Pref.
e- + luxate.] To dislocate; to
luxate.
E`lux*a"tion (?), n.
Dislocation; luxation.
Elv"an (?), a. 1.
Pertaining to elves; elvish.
2. (Mining) Of or pertaining to certain
veins of feldspathic or porphyritic rock crossing metalliferous
veins in the mining districts of Cornwall; as, an
elvan course.
{ Elv"an, Elv"an*ite (?) },
n. The rock of an elvan vein, or the elvan vein
itself; an elvan course.
Elve (?), n. An old form of
Elf.
El"ver (?), n. (Zo\'94l.)
A young eel; a young conger or sea eel; -- called also
elvene.
Elves (?), n.; pl. of
Elf.
Elv"ish (?), a. 1.
Pertaining to elves; implike; mischievous; weird; also,
vacant; absent in demeanor. See Elfish.
He seemeth elvish by his countenance.
Chaucer.
2. Mysterious; also, foolish.
[Obs.]
Elv"ish*ly, adv. In an elvish
manner.
Sir W. Scott.
El"wand (?), n. [Obs.]
See Ellwand.
E*ly"sian (?), a. [L.
Elysius, fr. Elysium.]
Pertaining, or the abode of the blessed after death; hence,
yielding the highest pleasures; exceedingly delightful;
beatific. \'bdElysian shades.\'b8
Massinger. \'bdElysian age.\'b8
Beattie.
This life of mortal breath
Is but a suburb of the life elysian.
Longfellow.
E*ly"sium (?), n.; pl. E.
Elysiums (#), L. Elysia
(#). [L., fr. Gr. /, / /, Elysian
field.] (Anc. Myth.)
1. A dwelling place assigned to happy souls after
death; the seat of future happiness; Paradise.
2. Hence, any delightful place.
An Elysian more pure and bright than that pf the
Greeks.
I. Taylor.
E*lyt"ri*form (?), a.
[Elytrum + -form.]
(Zo\'94l.) Having the form, or structure, of an
elytron.
El"y*trin (?), n. [From
Elytrum.] (Chem.) See
Chitin.
El"y*troid (?), a. [Gr. /
sheath, a wing case + -oid.]
(Zo\'94l.) Resembling a beetle's wing case.
El"y*tron (?; 277), El"y*trum
(-tr/m) n.; pl.
Elytra (#). [NL., fr. Gr. /, fr.
/ to roll round.] (Zo\'94l.) (a)
One of the anterior pair of wings in the Coleoptera and some
other insects, when they are thick and serve only as a protection
for the posterior pair. See Coleoptera.
(b) One of the shieldlike dorsal scales of certain
annelids. See Ch\'91topoda.
El"ze*vir (?), a.
(Bibliog.) Applied to books or editions (esp. of
the Greek New Testament and the classics) printed and published
by the Elzevir family at Amsterdam, Leyden, etc., from about 1592
to 1680; also, applied to a round open type introduced by
them.
The Elzevir editions are valued for their neatness,
and the elegant small types used.
Brande & C.
'Em (?). An obsolete or colloquial
contraction of the old form hem, them.
Addison.
Em (?), n. (Print.)
The portion of a line formerly occupied by the letter
m, then a square type, used as a unit by which to
measure the amount of printed matter on a page; the square of the
body of a type.
Em-. A prefix. See En-.
E*mac"er*ate (?), v. t. & i.
[L. emaceratus emaciated; e + macerare
to make soft.] To make lean or to become lean; to
emaciate. [Obs.]
Bullokar.
E*mac`er*a"tion (?), n.
Emaciation. [Obs.]
E*ma"ci*ate (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Emaciated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emaciating.] [L. emaciatus,
p. p. of emaciare to make lean; e + maciare
to make lean or meager, fr. macies leanness, akin to
macer lean. See Meager.] To lose
flesh gradually and become very lean; to waste away in
flesh. \'bdHe emaciated and pined away.\'b8
Sir T. Browne.
E*ma"ci*ate, v. t. To cause to waste
away in flesh and become very lean; as, his sickness
emaciated him.
E*ma"ci*ate (?), a. [L.
emaciatus, p. p.] Emaciated.
\'bdEmaciate steeds.\'b8
T. Warton.
E*ma`ci*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82maciation.]
1. The act of making very lean.
2. The state of being emaciated or reduced to
excessive leanness; an excessively lean condition.
E*mac"u*late (?), v. t. [L.
emaculatus, p. p. of emaculare to clear
from spots. See Maculate.] To clear from
spots or stains, or from any imperfection.
[Obs.]
Hales.
E*mac`u*la"tion (?), n. The act
of clearing from spots. [Obs.]
Johnson.
\'d8\'92`mail` om`brant" (?). [F., shaded
enamel.] (Fine Arts) An art or process of
flooding transparent colored glaze over designs stamped or molded
on earthenware or porcelain.
Ure.
Em"a*nant (?), a. [L.
emanans, -antis, p. pr. of
emanare. See Emanate.] Issuing or
flowing forth; emanating; passing forth into an act, or making
itself apparent by an effect; -- said of mental acts; as, an
emanant volition.
Em"a*nate (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Emanated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emanating.] [L. emanare,
emanatum, to emanate; e out +
manare to flow, prob. for madnare, and akin
to madere to be wet, drip, madidus wet,
drenched, drunk, Gr. /, /, wet, / to be wet, Skr.
mad to boil, matta drunk. Cf.
Emane.]
<-- p. 482 -->
1. To issue forth from a source; to flow out from
more or less constantly; as, fragrance emanates from
flowers.
2. To proceed from, as a source or fountain; to
take origin; to arise, to originate.
That subsisting from of government from which all special laws
emanate.
De Quincey.
Syn. -- To flow; arise; proceed; issue; originate.
Em"a*nate (?), a. Issuing
forth; emanant. [R.]
Em`a*na"tion (?), n. [L.
emanatio: cf. F. \'82manation.]
1. The act of flowing or proceeding from a fountain
head or origin.
South.
Those profitable and excellent emanations from
God.
Jer. Taylor.
2. That which issues, flows, or proceeds from any
object as a source; efflux; an effluence; as, perfume is an
emanation from a flower.
An emanation of the indwelling life.
Bryant.
Em"a*na*tive (?), a. Issuing
forth; effluent.
Em"a*na*tive*ly, adv. By an
emanation.
Em"a*na*to*ry (?), a.
Emanative; of the nature of an emanation.
Dr. H. More.
E*man"ci*pate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Emancipated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emancipating.] [L.
emancipatus, p. p. of emancipare to
emancipate; e + mancipare to transfer ownership in,
fr. manceps purchaser, as being one who laid his hand
on the thing bought; manus hand + capere to
take. See Manual, and Capable.] To
set free from the power of another; to liberate; as: (a)
To set free, as a minor from a parent; as, a father may
emancipate a child. (b) To set free from
bondage; to give freedom to; to manumit; as, to
emancipate a slave, or a country.
Brasidas . . . declaring that he was sent to
emancipate Hellas.
Jowett (Thucyd. ).
(c) To free from any controlling influence,
especially from anything which exerts undue or evil influence;
as, to emancipate one from prejudices or error.
From how many troublesome and slavish impertinences . . . he
had emancipated and freed himself.
Evelyn.
To emancipate the human conscience.
A. W. Ward.
E*man"ci*pate (?), a. [L.
emancipatus, p. p.] Set at liberty.
E*man`ci*pa"tion (?), n. [L.
emancipatio: cf. F. \'82mancipation.]
The act of setting free from the power of another, from
slavery, subjection, dependence, or controlling influence; also,
the state of being thus set free; liberation; as, the
emancipation of slaves; the emancipation of
minors; the emancipation of a person from prejudices;
the emancipation of the mind from superstition; the
emancipation of a nation from tyranny or
subjection.
Syn. -- Deliverance; liberation; release; freedom;
manumission; enfranchisement.
E*man`ci*pa"tion*ist, n. An advocate of
emancipation, esp. the emancipation of slaves.
E*man"ci*pa`tor (?), n.
[L.] One who emancipates.
E*man"ci*pa*to*ry (?), a.
Pertaining to emancipation, or tending to effect
emancipation. \'bdEmancipatory laws.\'b8
G. Eliot.
E*man"ci*pist (?), n. A freed
convict. [Australia]
E*mar"gi*nate (?), v. t. [L.
emarginare; e out + marginare to
furnish with a margin, fr. margo margin.]
To take away the margin of.
{ E*mar"gi*nate (?),
E*mar"gi*na`ted (?), } a.
1. Having the margin interrupted by a notch or
shallow sinus.
2. (Bot.) Notched at the summit.
3. (Cryst.) Having the edges
truncated.
E*mar"gi*nate*ly, adv. In an emarginate
manner.
E*mar`gi*na"tion (?), n. The
act of notching or indenting the margin, or the state of being so
notched; also, a notch or shallow sinus in a margin.
E*mas"cu*late (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Emasculated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Emasculating
(?).] [L. emasculare;
e + masculus male, masculine. See
Male masculine.]
1. To deprive of virile or procreative power; to
castrate power; to castrate; to geld.
2. To deprive of masculine vigor or spirit; to
weaken; to render effeminate; to vitiate by unmanly
softness.
Luxury had not emasculated their minds.
V. Knox.
E*mas"cu*late (?), a. Deprived
of virility or vigor; unmanned; weak.
\'bdEmasculate slave.\'b8
Hammond.
E*mas`cu*la"tion (?), n.
1. The act of depriving of virility, or the state
of being so deprived; castration.
2. The act of depriving, or state of being
deprived, of vigor or strength; unmanly weakness.
E*mas"cu*la`tor (?), n.
[L.] One who, or that which, emasculates.
E*mas"cu*la*to*ry (?), a.
Serving or tending to emasculate.
Em*bace" (?), v. t. See
Embase. [Obs.]
Em*bale" (?), v. t. [F.
emballer; pref. em- (L. in) +
balle bale. See 1st Bale.]
[Obs.]
1. To make up into a bale or pack.
Johnson.
2. To bind up; to inclose.
Legs . . . embaled in golden buskins.
Spenser.
Em*ball" (?), v. t. [See
Embale.] To encircle or embrace.
[Obs.]
Sir P. Sidney.
Em*balm" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Embalmed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embalming.] [F. embaumer;
pref. em- (L. in) + baume balm.
See Balm.]
1. To anoint all over with balm; especially, to
preserve from decay by means of balm or other aromatic oils, or
spices; to fill or impregnate (a dead body), with aromatics and
drugs that it may resist putrefaction.
Joseph commanded his servants, the physicians, to
embalm /is father; and the physicians
embalmed Israel.
Gem. l. 2.
2. To fill or imbue with sweet odor; to
perfume.
With fresh dews embalmed the earth.
Milton.
3. To preserve from decay or oblivion as if with
balm; to perpetuate in remembrance.
Those tears eternal that embalm the dead.
Pope.
Em*balm"er (?), n. One who
embalms.
Em*balm"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
embaumement.] The act of embalming.
[R.]
Malone.
Em*bank" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Embanked
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embanking.] [Pref. em- +
bank. Cf. Imbank.] To throw up a
bank so as to confine or to defend; to protect by a bank of earth
or stone.
Em*bank"ment (?), n.
1. The act of surrounding or defending with a
bank.
2. A structure of earth, gravel, etc., raised to
prevent water from overflowing a level tract of country, to
retain water in a reservoir, or to carry a roadway, etc.
Em*bar" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Embarred
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embanking.] [Pref. em- +
bar: cf. F. embarrer. Cf.
Embargo.]
1. To bar or shut in; to inclose securely, as with
bars.
Where fast embarred in mighty brazen wall.
Spenser.
2. To stop; to hinder by prohibition; to block
up.
He embarred all further trade.
Bacon.
Em`bar*ca"tion (?), n. Same as
Embarkation.
Em*barge" (?), v. t. To put in
a barge. [Poetic]
Drayton.
Em*bar"go (?), n.; pl.
Embargoes (#). [Sp., fr.
embargar to arrest, restrain; pref. em- (L.
in) + Sp. barra bar, akin to F.
barre bar. See Bar.] An edict or
order of the government prohibiting the departure of ships of
commerce from some or all of the ports within its dominions; a
prohibition to sail.
embargo is laid on an enemy's
ships, it is called a hostile embargo; if on the ships
belonging to citizens of the embargoing state, it is called a
civil embargo.
Em*bar"go, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Embargoed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Embargoing.] To lay an embargo
on and thus detain; to prohibit from leaving port; -- said of
ships, also of commerce and goods.
Em*bark" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Embarked
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embarking.] [F. embarquer;
pref. em- (L. in) + barque bark:
cf. Sp. embarcar, It. imbarcare. See
Bark. a vessel.]
1. To cause to go on board a vessel or boat; to put
on shipboard.
2. To engage, enlist, or invest (as persons, money,
etc.) in any affair; as, he embarked his fortune in
trade.
It was the reputation of the sect upon which St. Paul
embarked his salvation.
South.
Em*bark", v. i. 1. To go on
board a vessel or a boat for a voyage; as, the troops
embarked for Lisbon.
2. To engage in any affair.
Slow to embark in such an undertaking.
Macaulay.
Em`bar*ka"tion (?), n.
1. The act of putting or going on board of a
vessel; as, the embarkation of troops.
2. That which is embarked; as, an
embarkation of Jesuits.
Smollett.
Em*bark"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
embarquement.] Embarkation.
[R.]
Middleton.
Em*bar"rass (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Embarrassed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embarrassing.] [F.
embarrasser (cf. Sp. embarazar, Pg.
embara/ar, Pr. barras bar); pref.
em- (L. in) + LL. barra bar. See
Bar.]
1. To hinder from freedom of thought, speech, or
action by something which impedes or confuses mental action; to
perplex; to discompose; to disconcert; as, laughter may
embarrass an orator.
2. To hinder from liberty of movement; to impede;
to obstruct; as, business is embarrassed; public
affairs are embarrassed.
3. (Com.) To involve in difficulties
concerning money matters; to incumber with debt; to beset with
urgent claims or demands; -- said of a person or his affairs;
as, a man or his business is embarrassed when he can
not meet his pecuniary engagements.
Syn. -- To hinder; perplex; entangle; confuse; puzzle;
disconcert; abash; distress. -- To Embarrass,
Puzzle, Perplex. We are puzzled when
our faculties are confused by something we do not understand. We
are perplexed when our feelings, as well as judgment,
are so affected that we know not how to decide or act. We are
embarrassed when there is some bar or
hindrance upon us which impedes our powers of thought, speech, or
motion. A schoolboy is puzzled by a difficult sum; a
reasoner is perplexed by the subtleties of his
opponent; a youth is sometimes so embarrassed before
strangers as to lose his presence of mind.
Em*bar"rass, n. [F. embarras.
See Embarrass, v. t.]
Embarrassment. [Obs.]
Bp. Warburton.
Em*bar"rass*ment (?), n. [F.
embarrassement.]
1. A state of being embarrassed; perplexity;
impediment to freedom of action; entanglement; hindrance;
confusion or discomposure of mind, as from not knowing what to do
or to say; disconcertedness.
The embarrassment which inexperienced minds have
often to express themselves upon paper.
W. Irving.
The embarrassments tom commerce growing out of the
late regulations.
Bancroft.
2. Difficulty or perplexity arising from the want
of money to pay debts.
Em*base" (?), v. t. [Pref.
em- + base, a. or v. t.: cf. OF.
embaissier.] To bring down or lower, as in
position, value, etc.; to debase; to degrade; to
deteriorate. [Obs.]
Embased the valleys, and embossed the hills.
Sylvester.
Alloy in coin of gold . . . may make the metal work the
better, but it embaseth it.
Bacon.
Such pitiful embellishments of speech as serve for nothing but
to embase divinity.
South.
Em*base"ment (?), n. [From
Embase, v. t.] Act of bringing
down; depravation; deterioration.
South.
Em"bas*sade (?), n. [F.
ambassade. See Embassy.] An
embassy. See Ambassade. [Obs.]
Shak.
Em*bas"sa*dor (?), n. [F.
ambassadeur, Sp. embajador, LL.
ambassiator, ambasciator. See
Embassy, and cf. Ambassador.] Same
as Ambassador.
Stilbon, that was a wise embassadour,
Was sent to Corinth.
Chaucer.
Myself my king's embassador will go.
Dryden.
Em*bas`sa*do"ri*al (?), a. [Cf.
F. ambassadorial.] Same as
Ambassadorial.
Em*bas"sa*dress (?), n. [Cf. F.
ambassadrice.] Same as
Ambassadress.
Em*bas"sa*dry (?), n. [Cf. OF.
ambassaderie.] Embassy.
[Obs.]
Leland.
Em"bas*sage (?; 48), n.
1. An embassy. \'bdHe sent a solemn
embassage.\'b8
Bacon.
Except your embassages have better success.
Motley.
2. Message; errand.
Shak.
Em"bas*sy (?), n.; pl.
Embassies (#). [OF.
ambass\'82e, embasc\'82e, LL.
ambasciata, fr. ambasciare for
ambactiare to go on a mission, fr. L.
ambactus vassal, dependent, of Celtic or German
origin; cf. W. amaeth husbandman, Goth.
andbahts servant, G. amt office, OHG.
ambaht. Cf. Ambassador.]
1. The public function of an ambassador; the charge
or business intrusted to an ambassador or to envoys; a public
message to; foreign court concerning state affairs; hence, any
solemn message.
He sends the angels on embassies with his
decrees.
Jer. Taylor.
2. The person or persons sent as ambassadors or
envoys; the ambassador and his suite; envoys.
3. The residence or office of an ambassador.
ambassy.
Em*bas"tard*ize (?), v. t.
[Pref. em- + bastardize.]
To bastardize. [Obs.]
Em*bathe" (?), v. t. [Pref.
em- + bathe. Cf. Imbathe.]
To bathe; to imbathe.
Em*bat"tail (?), v. t. [See
Embattle.] To furnish with battlements; to
fortify as with battlements. [Archaic]
To embattail and to wall about thy cause
With iron-worded proof.
Tennyson.
Em*bat"tle (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Embattled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Embattling
(?).] [OF. embataillier;
pref. em- (L. in) + F. bataille
battle. See Battle, and cf. Battlement.]
To arrange in order of battle; to array for battle; also, to
prepare or arm for battle; to equip as for battle.
One in bright arms embattled full strong.
Spenser.
Here once the embattled farmers stood
And fired the shot heard round the world.
Emerson.
Em*bat"tle, v. i. To be arrayed for
battle. [Obs.]
Em*bat"tle, v. t. [See
Battlement.] To furnish with
battlements. \'bdEmbattled house.\'b8
Wordsworth.
Em*bat"tled (?), a. 1.
Having indentations like a battlement.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
2. (Her.) Having the edge broken like
battlements; -- said of a bearing such as a fess, bend, or the
like.
3. Having been the place of battle; as, an
embattled plain or field.
J. Baillie.
Em*bat"tle*ment (?), n.
1. An intended parapet; a battlement.
2. The fortifying of a building or a wall by means
of battlements.
Em*bay" (?), v. t. [Pref.
em- + bay to bathe.] To bathe;
to soothe or lull as by bathing. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Em*bay", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Embayed (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Embaying.] [Pref.
em- + 1st bay.] To shut in, or
shelter, as in a bay.
If that the Turkish fleet
Be not ensheltered and embayed, they are drowned.
Shak.
Em*bay"ment (?), n. A
bay. [R.]
The embayment which is terminated by the land of
North Berwick.
Sir W. Scott.
Em*beam" (?), v. t. To make
brilliant with beams. [R.]
G. Fletcher.
Em*bed" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Embedded; p.
pr. & vb. n. Embedding.] [Pref.
em- + bed. Cf. Imbed.]
To lay as in a bed; to lay in surrounding matter; to bed;
as, to embed a thing in clay, mortar, or
sand.
Em*bed"ment (?), n. The act of
embedding, or the state of being embedded.
Em*bel"lish (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Embellished
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embellishing.] [OE.
embelisen, embelisshen, F.
embellir; pref. em- (L. in) +
bel, beau, beautiful. See
Beauty.] To make beautiful or elegant by
ornaments; to decorate; to adorn; as, to embellish a
book with pictures, a garden with shrubs and flowers, a narrative
with striking anecdotes, or style with metaphors.
Syn. -- To adorn; beautify; deck; bedeck; decorate; garnish;
enrich; ornament; illustrate. See Adorn.
Em*bel"lish*er (?), n. One who
embellishes.
Em*bel"lish*ment (?), n. [Cf.
F. embellissement.]
1. The act of adorning, or the state of being
adorned; adornment.
In the selection of their ground, as well as in the
embellishment of it.
Prescott.
2. That which adds beauty or elegance; ornament;
decoration; as, pictorial embellishments.
The graces and embellishments of the exterior
man.
I. Taylor.
Em"ber (?), n. [OE.
emmeres, emeres, AS. /myrie;
akin to Icel. eimyrja, Dan. emmer, MHG.
eimere; cf. Icel. eimr vapor, smoke.]
A lighted coal, smoldering amid ashes; -- used chiefly in
the plural, to signify mingled coals and ashes; the smoldering
remains of a fire. \'bdHe rakes hot embers.\'b8
Dryden.
He takes a lighted ember out of the covered
vessel.
Colebrooke.
Em"ber, a. [OE. ymber, AS.
ymbren, ymbryne, prop., running around,
circuit; ymbe around + ryne a running, fr.
rinnan to run. See Amb-, and
Run.] Making a circuit of the year of the
seasons; recurring in each quarter of the year; as,
ember fasts.
<-- p. 483 -->
Ember days (R. C. & Eng. Ch.), days
set apart for fasting and prayer in each of the four seasons of
the year. The Council of Placentia [A. D. 1095]
appointed for ember days the Wednesday, Friday, and
Saturday after the first Sunday in Lent, Whitsuntide, the 14th of
September, and the 13th of December. The weeks in which these
days fall are called ember weeks.
Em"ber-goose` (?), n. [Cf.
Norw. ember/aas, hav-imber,
hav-immer, Icel. himbrin,
himbrimi.] (Zo\'94l.) The loon
or great northern diver. See Loon. [Written
also emmer-goose and imber-goose.]
Em"ber*ings (?), n. pl. Ember
days. [Obs.]
Em*bet"ter (?), v. t. To make
better. [Obs.]
Em*bez"zle (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Embezzled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Embezzling
(?).] [Norm. F. embeseiller
to destroy; cf. OF. besillier to ill treat, ravage,
destroy. Cf. Bezzle.]
1. To appropriate fraudulently to one's own use, as
property intrusted to one's care; to apply to one's private uses
by a breach of trust; as, to embezzle money held in
trust.
2. To misappropriate; to waste; to dissipate in
extravagance. [Obs.]
To embezzle our money in drinking or gaming.
Sharp.
Em*bez"zle*ment (?), n. The
fraudulent appropriation of property by a person to whom it has
been intrusted; as, the embezzlement by a clerk of
his employer's; embezzlement of public funds by the
public officer having them in charge.
Larceny denotes a taking, by fraud or
stealth, from another's possession; embezzlement
denotes an appropriation, by fraud or stealth, of property
already in the wrongdoer's possession. In England and in most of
the United States embezzlement is made indictable by
statute.
Em*bez"zler (?), n. One who
embezzles.
Em*bil"low (?), v. i. To swell
or heave like a ///// of the sea.
[R.]
Lisle.
Em`bi*ot"o*coid (?), a. [NL.
Embiotoca, the name of one genus +
-oid.] (Zo\'94l.) Belonging to,
or resembling, the Embiotocid\'91. --
n. One of a family of fishes
(Embiotocid\'91) abundant on the coast of California,
remarkable for being viviparous; -- also called surf
fishes and viviparous fishes. See
Illust. in Append.
Em*bit"ter (?), v. t. To make
bitter or sad. See Imbitter.
Em*bit"ter*ment (?), n. The act
of embittering; also, that which embitters.
Em*blanch" (?), v. t. [Pref.
em- + 1st blanch.] To whiten.
See Blanch. [Obs.]
Heylin.
Em*blaze" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Emblazed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emblazing.] [Pref. em- + 1st
blaze.]
1. To adorn with glittering embellishments.
No weeping orphan saw his father's stores
Our shrines irradiate, or emblaze the floors.
Pope.
2. To paint or adorn with armorial figures; to
blazon, or emblazon. [Archaic]
The imperial ensign, . . . streaming to the wind,
With gems and golden luster rich emblazed.
Milton.
Em*bla"zon (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Emblazoned
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emblazoning.] [Pref. em- +
blazon. Cf. Emblaze.]
1. To depict or represent; -- said of heraldic
bearings. See Blazon.
2. To deck in glaring colors; to set off
conspicuously; to display pompously; to decorate.
The walls were . . . emblazoned with legends in
commemoration of the illustrious pair.
Prescott.
Em*bla"zon*er (?), n. One who
emblazons; also, one who publishes and displays anything with
pomp.
Em*bla"zon*ing, n. The act or art of
heraldic decoration; delineation of armorial bearings.
Em*bla"zon*ment (?), n. An
emblazoning.
Em*bla"zon*ry (?), n.; pl.
Emblazonries (/). The act or art
of an emblazoner; heraldic or ornamental decoration, as pictures
or figures on shields, standards, etc.; emblazonment.
Thine ancient standard's rich emblazonry.
Trench.
Em"blem (?), n. [F.
embl\'8ame, L. emblema, -atis,
that which is put in or on, inlaid work, fr. Gr. / a thing put
in or on, fr. / to throw, lay, put in; / in + / to throw.
See In, and Parable.]
1. Inlay; inlaid or mosaic work; something
ornamental inserted in a surface. [Obs.]
Milton.
2. A visible sign of an idea; an object, or the
figure of an object, symbolizing and suggesting another object,
or an idea, by natural aptness or by association; a figurative
representation; a typical designation; a symbol; as, a
balance is an emblem of justice; a scepter, the
emblem of sovereignty or power; a circle, the
emblem of eternity. \'bdHis cicatrice, an
emblem of war, here on his sinister cheek.\'b8
Shak.
3. A picture accompanied with a motto, a set of
verse, or the like, intended as a moral lesson or
meditation.
emblems, and many collections of them were
published.
Syn. -- Sign; symbol; type; device; signal; token. --
Sign, Emblem, Symbol,
Type. Sign is the generic word comprehending
all significant representations. An emblem is a
visible object representing another by a natural suggestion of
characteristic qualities, or an habitual and recognized
association; as, a circle, having no apparent beginning or
end, is an emblem of eternity; a particular flag is the
emblem of the country or ship which has adopted it for a
sign and with which it is habitually associated. Between
emblem and symbol the distinction is
slight, and often one may be substituted for the other without
impropriety. See Symbol. Thus, a circle is either an
emblem or a symbol of eternity; a scepter,
either an emblem or a symbol of authority;
a lamb, either an emblem or a symbol of
meekness. \'bdAn emblem is always of something simple;
a symbol may be of something complex, as of a
transaction . . . In consequence we do not speak of actions
emblematic.\'b8 C. J. Smith. A
type is a representative example, or model, exhibiting
the qualities common to all individuals of the class to which it
belongs; as, the Monitor is a type of a class of war
vessels.
Em"blem (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Emblemed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embleming.] To represent by an emblem;
to symbolize. [R.]
Emblemed by the cozening fig tree.
Feltham.
{ Em`blem*at"ic (?),
Em`blem*at"ic*al (?), } a.
[Cf. F. embl\'82matique.] Pertaining
to, containing, or consisting in, an emblem; symbolic; typically
representative; representing as an emblem; as,
emblematic language or ornaments; a crown is
emblematic of royalty; white is emblematic of
purity. -- Em`blem*at"ic*al*ly,
adv.
Em`blem*at"ic*cize (?), v. t.
To render emblematic; as, to emblematicize a
picture. [R.]
Walpole.
Em*blem"a*tist (?), n. A writer
or inventor of emblems.
Sir T. Browne.
Em*blem"a*tize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Emblematized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Emblematizing
(?).] To represent by, or as by, an
emblem; to symbolize.
Anciently the sun was commonly emblematized by a
starry or radiate figure.
Bp. Hurd.
Em"ble*ment (?), n. [OF.
embleer to sow with corn, F. emblaver, fr.
LL. imbladare; pref. in- + LL.
bladum grain, F. bl\'82.]
(Law) The growing crop, or profits of a crop
which has been sown or planted; -- used especially in the plural.
The produce of grass, trees, and the like, is not
emblement.
Wharton's Law Dict.
Em"blem*ize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Emblemized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Emblemizing
(?).] To represent by an emblem; to
emblematize. [R.]
Em*bloom" (?), v. t. To
emblossom.
Savage.
Em*blos"som (?), v. t. To cover
or adorn with blossoms.
On the white emblossomed spray.
J. Cunningham.
Em*bod"i*er (?), n. One who
embodies.
Em*bod"i*ment (?), n.
1. The act of embodying; the state of being
embodied.
2. That which embodies or is embodied;
representation in a physical body; a completely organized system,
like the body; as, the embodiment of courage, or of
courtesy; the embodiment of true piety.
Em*bod"y (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Embodied
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embodying.] To form into a body; to
invest with a body; to collect into a body, a united mass, or a
whole; to incorporate; as, to embody one's ideas in
a treatise. [Written also
imbody.]
Devils embodied and disembodied.
Sir W. Scott.
The soul, while it is embodied, can no more be
divided from sin.
South.
Em*bod"y, v. i. To unite in a body, a
mass, or a collection; to coalesce. [Written also
imbody.]
Firmly to embody against this court party.
Burke.
Em*bogue" (?), v. i. [See
Disembogue.] To disembogue; to discharge, as
a river, its waters into the sea or another river.
[R.]
Em*bo"guing (?), n. The mouth
of a river, or place where its waters are discharged.
[R.]
Em*boil" (?), v. i. To boil
with anger; to effervesce. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Em*boil", v. t. To cause to boil with
anger; to irritate; to chafe. [Obs.]
Spenser.
\'d8Em`bo\'8cte"ment` (?), n.
[F., fr. embo\'8cter to fit in, insert;
en in + bo\'8cte box.]
(Biol.) The hypothesis that all living things
proceed from pre\'89xisting germs, and that these encase the
germs of all future living things, inclosed one within
another.
Buffon.
Em*bold"en (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Emboldened
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Emboldening
(?).] To give boldness or courage to;
to encourage.
Shak.
The self-conceit which emboldened him to undertake
this dangerous office.
Sir W. Scott.
Em*bold"en*er (?), n. One who
emboldens.
Em*bol"ic (?), a. [Gr. / to
throw in. See Embolism.]
1. Embolismic.
2. (Med.) Pertaining to an embolism;
produced by an embolism; as, an embolic
abscess.
3. (Biol.) Pushing or growing in; --
said of a kind of invagination. See under
Invagination.
Em"bo*lism (?), n. [L.
embolismus, from Gr. / to throw or put in, insert;
cf. / intercalated: cf. F. embolisme. See
Emblem.]
1. Intercalation; the insertion of days, months, or
years, in an account of time, to produce regularity; as, the
embolism of a lunar month in the Greek year.
2. Intercalated time.
Johnson.
3. (Med.) The occlusion of a blood
vessel by an embolus. Embolism in the brain often produces sudden
unconsciousness and paralysis.
Em`bo*lis"mal (?), a.
Pertaining to embolism; intercalary; as,
embolismal months.
{ Em`bo*lis*mat"ic (?),
Em`bo*lis*mat"ic*al (?), } a.
Embolismic.
{ Em`bo*lis"mic (?),
Em`bo*lis"mic*al (?), } a.
[Cf. F. embolismique.] Pertaining to
embolism or intercalation; intercalated; as, an
embolismic year, i. e., the
year in which there is intercalation.
Em"bo*lite (?), n. [From Gr.
/ something thrown in between.] (Min.) A
mineral consisting of both the chloride and the bromide of
silver.
Em"bo*lus (?), n.; pl.
Emboli (#). [L., fr. Gr. /
pointed so as to be put or thrust in, fr. / to throw, thrust,
or put in. See Emblem.]
1. Something inserted, as a wedge; the piston or
sucker of a pump or syringe.
2. (Med.) A plug of some substance
lodged in a blood vessel, being brought thither by the blood
current. It consists most frequently of a clot of fibrin, a
detached shred of a morbid growth, a globule of fat, or a
microscopic organism.
Em"bo*ly (?), n. [Gr. / a
putting into.] (Biol.) Embolic
invagination. See under Invagination.
\'d8Em`bon`point" (?), n. [F.,
fr. en bon point in good condition. See Bon,
and Point.] Plumpness of person; -- said
especially of persons somewhat corpulent.
Em*bor"der (?), v. t. [Pref.
em- (L. in) + border: cf. OF.
emborder.] To furnish or adorn with a
border; to imborder.
Em*bos"om (?), v. t. [Written
also imbosom.]
1. To take into, or place in, the bosom; to
cherish; to foster.
Glad to embosom his affection.
Spenser.
2. To inclose or surround; to shelter closely; to
place in the midst of something.
His house embosomed in the grove.
Pope.
Some tender flower . . . .
Embosomed in the greenest glade.
Keble.
Em*boss" (?; 115), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Embossed (?;
115); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embossing.] [Pref. em- (L.
in) + boss: cf. OF. embosser to
swell in bunches.]
1. To arise the surface of into bosses or
protuberances; particularly, to ornament with raised work.
Botches and blains must all his flesh emboss.
Milton.
2. To raise in relief from a surface, as an
ornament, a head on a coin, or the like.
Then o'er the lofty gate his art embossed
Androgeo's death.
Dryden.
Exhibiting flowers in their natural color embossed
upon a purple ground.
Sir W. Scott.
Em*boss", v. t. [Etymology
uncertain.] To make to foam at the mouth, like a
hunted animal. [Obs.]
Em*boss", v. t. [Cf. Pr. & Sp.
emboscar, It. imboscare, F.
embusquer, and E. imbosk.]
1. To hide or conceal in a thicket; to imbosk; to
inclose, shelter, or shroud in a wood. [Obs.]
In the Arabian woods embossed.
Milton.
2. To surround; to ensheath; to immerse; to
beset.
A knight her met in mighty arms embossed.
Spenser.
Em*boss", v. i. To seek the bushy
forest; to hide in the woods. [Obs.]
S. Butler.
Em*bossed" (?; 115), a. 1.
Formed or covered with bosses or raised figures.
2. Having a part projecting like the boss of a
shield.
3. Swollen; protuberant. [Obs.]
\'bdAn embossed carbuncle.\'b8
Shak.
Em*boss"er (?; 115), n. One who
embosses.
Em*boss"ment (?), n.
1. The act of forming bosses or raised figures, or
the state of being so formed.
2. A bosslike prominence; figure in relief; raised
work; jut; protuberance; esp., a combination of raised surfaces
having a decorative effect. \'bdThe embossment
of the figure.\'b8
Addison.
Em*bot"tle (?), v. t. To
bottle. [R.]
Phillips.
\'d8Em`bou`chure" (?), n. [F.,
fr. emboucher to put to the mouth; pref.
em- (L. in) + bouche the mouth.
Cf. Embouge, Debouch.]
1. The mouth of a river; also, the mouth of a
cannon.
2. (Mus.) (a) The mouthpiece of
a wind instrument. (b) The shaping of the
lips to the mouthpiece; as, a flute player has a good
embouchure.
Em*bow" (?), v. t. To bend like
a bow; to curve. \'bdEmbowed arches.\'b8
[Obs. or R.]
Sir W. Scott.
With gilded horns embowed like the moon.
Spenser.
Em*bow"el (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Emboweled
(?) or Embowelled; p. pr. & vb. n.
Emboweling or Embowelling.]
1. To disembowel.
The barbarous practice of emboweling.
Hallam.
The boar . . . makes his trough
In your emboweled bosoms.
Shak.
Disembowel is the preferable word in this
sense.
2. To imbed; to hide in the inward parts; to
bury.
Or deep emboweled in the earth entire.
Spenser.
Em*bow"el*er (?), n. One who
takes out the bowels. [Written also
emboweller.]
Em*bow"el*ment (?), n.
Disembowelment.
Em*bow"er (?), v. t. To cover
with a bower; to shelter with trees. [Written also
imbower.] [Poetic]
Milton. -- v. i. To lodge or rest
in a bower. [Poetic] \'bdIn their wide boughs
embow'ring. \'b8
Spenser.
Em*bowl" (?), v. t. To form
like a bowl; to give a globular shape to.
[Obs.]
Sir P. Sidney.
Em*box" (?), v. t. To inclose,
as in a box; to imbox.
Em*boysse"ment (?), n. [See
Embushment.] An ambush.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Em*brace" (?), v. t. [Pref.
em- (intens.) + brace, v. t.] To
fasten on, as armor. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Em*brace", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Embraced (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Embracing (?).] [OE.
embracier, F. embrasser; pref.
em- (L. in) + F. bras arm. See
Brace, n.]
1. To clasp in the arms with affection; to take in
the arms; to hug.
I will embrace him with a soldier's arm,
That he shall shrink under my courtesy.
Shak.
Paul called unto him the disciples, and embraced
them.
Acts xx. 1.
2. To cling to; to cherish; to love.
Shak.
3. To seize eagerly, or with alacrity; to accept
with cordiality; to welcome. \'bdI embrace these
conditions.\'b8 \'bdYou embrace the occasion.\'b8
Shak.
What is there that he may not embrace for
truth?
Locke.
4. To encircle; to encompass; to inclose.
Low at his feet a spacious plain is placed,
Between the mountain and the stream embraced.
Denham.
5. To include as parts of a whole; to comprehend;
to take in; as, natural philosophy embraces many
sciences.
Not that my song, in such a scanty space,
So large a subject fully can embrace.
Dryden.
<-- p. 484 -->
6. To accept; to undergo; to submit to. \'bdI
embrace this fortune patiently.\'b8
Shak.
7. (Law) To attempt to influence
corruptly, as a jury or court.
Blackstone.
Syn. -- To clasp; hug; inclose; encompass; include;
//omprise; comprehend; contain; involve; impl///
Em*brace" (?), v. i. To join in
an embrace.
Em*brace", n. Intimate or close
encircling with the arms; pressure to the bosom; clasp;
hug.
We stood tranced in long embraces,
Mixed with kisses.
Tennyson.
Em*brace"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
embrassement.]
1. A clasp in the arms; embrace.
Dear though chaste embracements.
Sir P. Sidney.
2. State of being contained; inclosure.
[Obs.]
In the embracement of the parts hardly reparable,
as bones.
Bacon.
3. Willing acceptance. [Obs.]
A ready embracement of . . . his kindness.
Barrow.
Em*brace"or (?), n. (Law)
One guilty of embracery.
Em*bra"cer (?), n. One who
embraces.
Em*bra"cer*y (?), n.
(Law) An attempt to influence a court, jury,
etc., corruptly, by promises, entreaties, money, entertainments,
threats, or other improper inducements.
Em*bra"cive (?), a. Disposed to
embrace; fond of caressing. [R.]
Thackeray.
Em*braid" (?), v. t. [Pref.
em- (L. in) + 1st braid.]
1. To braid up, as hair. [Obs.]
Spenser.
2. To upbraid. [Obs.]
Sir T. Elyot.
Em*branch"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
embranchement.] The branching forth, as of
trees.
Em*bran"gle (?), v. t. [Pref.
em- (L. in) + brangle.]
To confuse; to entangle.
I am lost and embrangled in inextricable
difficulties.
Berkeley.
Em*bra"sure (?; 135), n. [See
Embrace.] An embrace. [Obs.]
\'bdOur locked embrasures.\'b8\'b8
Shak.
Em*bra"sure (277), n. [F., fr.
embraser, perh. equiv. to \'82braser to
widen an opening; of unknown origin.]
1. (Arch.) A splay of a door or
window.
Apart, in the twilight gloom of a window's
embrasure,
Sat the lovers.
Longfellow.
2. (Fort.) An aperture with slant sides
in a wall or parapet, through which cannon are pointed and
discharged; a crenelle. See Illust. of
Casemate.
Em*brave" (?), v. t.
1. To inspire with bravery.
[Obs.]
Beaumont.
2. To decorate; to make showy and fine.
[Obs.]
And with sad cypress seemly it embraves.
Spenser.
Em*brawn" (?), v. t. To
harden. [Obs.]
It will embrawn and iron-crust his flesh.
Nash.
Em*bread" (?), v. t. [Pref.
em- (L. in) + bread = 1st
braid.] To braid. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Em*breathe"ment (?), n. The act
of breathing in; inspiration. [R.]
The special and immediate suggestion,
embreathement, and dictation of the Holy Ghost.
W. Lee.
Em*brew" (?), v. t. To imbrue;
to stain with blood. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Em*bright" (?), v. t. To
brighten. [Obs.]
Em"bro*cate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Embrocated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embrocating.] [NL.
embrocatus, p. p. of embrocare; cf. Gr. /
lotion, fomentation, fr. / to foment; / in + / to
wet.] (Med.) To moisten and rub (a diseased
part) with a liquid substance, as with spirit, oil, etc., by
means of a cloth or sponge.
Em`bro*ca"tion (?), n. [NL.
embrocatio: cf. F. embrocation.]
(Med.) (a) The act of moistening and
rubbing a diseased part with spirit, oil, etc. (b)
The liquid or lotion with which an affected part is
rubbed.
Em*brogl"io (?), n. See
Imbroglio.
Em*broid"er (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Embroidered
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embroidering.] [OE.
embrouden. See Broider.] To
ornament with needlework; as, to embroider a
scarf.
Thou shalt embroider the coat of fine linen.
Ex. xxviii. 39.
Em*broid"er*er (?), n. One who
embroiders.
Em*broid"er*y (?), n.; pl.
Embroideries (/).
1. Needlework used to enrich textile fabrics,
leather, etc.; also, the art of embroidering.
2. Diversified ornaments, especially by contrasted
figures and colors; variegated decoration.
Fields in spring's embroidery are dressed.
Addison.
A mere rhetorical embroidery of phrases.
J. A. Symonds.
Em*broil" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Embroiled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Embroiling.] [F.
embrouiller; pref. em- (L. in) +
brouiller. See 1st Broil, and cf.
Imbroglio.]
1. To throw into confusion or commotion by
contention or discord; to entangle in a broil or quarrel; to make
confused; to distract; to involve in difficulties by dissension
or strife.
The royal house embroiled in civil war.
Dryden.
2. To implicate in confusion; to complicate; to
jumble.
The Christian antiquities at Rome . . . are so
embroiled with /able and legend.
Addison.
Syn. -- To perplex; entangle; distract; disturb; disorder;
trouble; implicate; commingle.
Em*broil", n. See
Embroilment.
Em*broil"er (?), n. One who
embroils.
Em*broil"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
embrouillement.] The act of embroiling, or
the condition of being embroiled; entanglement in a broil.
Bp. Burnet.
Em*bronze" (?), v. t.
1. To embody in bronze; to set up a bronze
representation of, as of a person. [Poetic]
2. To color in imitation of bronze. See
Bronze, v. t.
Em*broth"el (?), v. t. To
inclose in a brothel. [Obs.]
Donne.
{ Em*broud"e (?), Em*browd"e,
Em*broyd"e (?) }, v. t.
To embroider; to adorn. [Obs.]
Embrowded was he, as it were a mead
All full of fresshe flowers, white and red.
Chaucer.
Em*brown" (?), v. t. [Pref.
em- (L. in) + brown.]
To give a brown color to; to imbrown.
Summer suns embrown the laboring swain.
Fenton.
Em*brue" (?), v. t. See
Imbrue, Embrew. [Obs.]
Em*brute" (?), v. t. [Pref.
em- (L. in) + brute. Cf.
Imbrute.] To brutify; to imbrute.
All the man embruted in the swine.
Cawthorn.
Em"bry*o (?), n.; pl.
Embryos (#). [F.
embryon, Gr. /, perh. fr. / in (akin to L. / E.
in) + / to be full of, swell with; perh. akin to E.
brew.] (Biol.) The first
rudiments of an organism, whether animal or plant; as:
(a) The young of an animal in the womb, or more
specifically, before its parts are developed and it becomes a
fetus (see Fetus). (b) The germ of
the plant, which is inclosed in the seed and which is developed
by germination.
In embryo, in an incipient or undeveloped
state; in conception, but not yet executed. \'bdThe company
little suspected what a noble work I had then in
embryo.\'b8
Swift.
Em"bry*o, a. Pertaining to an embryo;
rudimentary; undeveloped; as, an embryo
bud.
Em`bry*o*gen"ic (?), a.
(Biol.) Pertaining to the development of an
embryo.
Em`bry*og"e*ny (?), n. [Gr. /
an embryo + root of / to produce: cf. F.
embryog\'82nie.] (Biol.) The
production and development of an embryo.
Em`bry*og"o*ny (?), n. [Gr. /
an embryo + / generation.] (Biol.) The
formation of an embryo.
Em`bry*og"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr.
/ an embryo + -graphy.] (Biol.)
The general description of embryos.
{ Em`bry*o*log"ic (?),
Em`bry*o*log"ic*al (?), } a.
(Biol.) Of or pertaining to embryology.
Em`bry*ol"o*gist (?), n. One
skilled in embryology.
Em`bry*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. /
an embryo + -logy: cf. F.
embryologie.] (Biol.) The
science which relates to the formation and development of the
embryo in animals and plants; a study of the gradual development
of the ovum until it reaches the adult stage.
Em"bry*on (?), n. & a.
[NL.] See Embryo.
Em"bry*o*nal (?), a.
(Biol.) Pertaining to an embryo, or the initial
state of any organ; embryonic.
Em"bry*o*na*ry (?), a.
(Biol.) Embryonic.
{ Em"bry*o*nate (?),
Em"bry*o*na`ted (?), } a.
(Biol.) In the state of, or having, an
embryonal.
Em`bry*on"ic (?), a.
(Biol.) Of or pertaining to an embryo; embryonal;
rudimentary.
Embryonic sac
(Bot.), the vesicle within which the embryo is
developed in the ovule; -- sometimes called also amnios
sac, and embryonal sac.
Em`bry*o*nif"er*ous (?), a.
[Embryo + -ferous.]
(Biol.) Having an embryo.
Em`bry*on"i*form (?), a.
[Embryo + -form.]
(Biol.) Like an embryo in form.
Em`bry*o*plas"tic (?), n.
[Embryo + plastic.]
(Biol.) Relating to, or aiding in, the formation
of an embryo; as, embryoplastic cells.
Em"bry*o sac` (?). (Bot.) See
under Embryonic.
Em`bry*ot"ic (?), a.
(Biol.) Embryonic.
Em`bry*ot"o*my (?), n. [Gr. /
an embryo + / to cut: cf. F. embryotomie.]
(Med.) The cutting a fetus into pieces within the
womb, so as to effect its removal.
Em"bry*o*troph` (?), n. [Gr.
/ an embryo + / nourishment.] (Biol.)
The material from which an embryo is formed and
nourished.
Em"bry*ous (?), a. Embryonic;
undeveloped. [R.]
Em*bulk" (?), v. t. To enlarge
in the way of bulk. [R.]
Latham.
Em*burse" (?), v. t. [See
Imburse.] To furnish with money; to
imburse. [Obs.]
Em*bush" (?), v. t. [Cf.
Ambush, Imbosk.] To place or hide in
a thicket; to ambush. [Obs.]
Shelton.
Em*bush"ment (?), n. [OE.
embusshement, OF. embuschement, F.
emb\'96chement.] An ambush.
[Obs.]
Em*bus"y (?), v. t. To
employ. [Obs.]
Skelton.
Eme (?), n. [See
Eame.] An uncle. [Obs.]
Spenser.
E*meer" (?), n. Same as
Emir.
E*men"a*gogue (?), n. See
Emmenagogue.
E*mend" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Emended; p. pr.
& vb. n. Emending.] [L.
emendare; e out + menda,
mendum, fault, blemish: cf. F. \'82mender.
Cf. Amend, Mend.] To purge of
faults; to make better; to correct; esp., to make corrections in
(a literary work); to alter for the better by textual criticism,
generally verbal.
Syn. -- To amend; correct; improve; better; reform; rectify.
See Amend.
E*mend"a*ble (?), a. [L.
emendabilis. Cf. Amendable.]
Corrigible; amendable. [R.]
Bailey.
Em"en*date*ly (?), adv. Without
fault; correctly. [Obs.]
Em`en*da"tion (?), n. [L.
emendatio: cf. F. \'82mendation.]
1. The act of altering for the better, or
correcting what is erroneous or faulty; correction;
improvement. \'bdHe lies in his sin without repentance or
emendation.\'b8
Jer. Taylor.
2. Alteration by editorial criticism, as of a text
so as to give a better reading; removal of errors or corruptions
from a document; as, the book might be improved by judicious
emendations.
Em"en*da`tor (?), n. [L.]
One who emends or critically edits.
E*mend"a*to*ry (?), a. [L.
emendatorius.] Pertaining to emendation;
corrective. \'bdEmendatory criticism.\'b8\'b8
Johnson.
E*mend"er (?), n. One who
emends.
E*men"di*cate (?), v. t. [L.
emendicatus, p. p. of emendicare to obtain
by begging. See Mendicate.] To beg.
[Obs.]
Cockeram.
Em"er*ald (?), n. [OE.
emeraude, OF. esmeraude,
esmeralde, F. \'82meraude, L.
smaragdus, fr. Gr. /; cf. /kr.
marakata.]
1. (Min.) A precious stone of a rich
green color, a variety of beryl. See Beryl.
2. (Print.) A kind of type, in size
between minion and nonpare/l. It is used by English
printers.
\'b5 This line is printed in the type called
emerald.
Em"er*ald, a. Of a rich green color,
like that of the emerald. \'bdEmerald
meadows.\'b8
Byron.
Emerald fish (Zo\'94l.), a fish of
the Gulf of Mexico (Gobionellus oceanicus), remarkable
for the brilliant green and blue color of the base of the tongue;
-- whence the name; -- called also
esmeralda. -- Emerald green,
a very durable pigment, of a vivid light green color, made
from the arseniate of copper; green bice; Scheele's green; --
also used adjectively; as, emerald green
crystals. -- Emerald Isle, a name given
to Ireland on account of the brightness of its verdure. --
Emerald spodumene, Lithia
emerald. (Min.) See
Hiddenite. -- Emerald nickel.
(Min.) See Zaratite.
Em"er*ald*ine (?; 104), n. A
green compound used as a dyestuff, produced from aniline blue
when acted upon by acid.
Em"er*aud (?), n. [See
Emerald, n.] An emerald.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
E*merge" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Emerged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Emerging
(?).] [L. emergere,
emersum; e out + mergere to dip,
plunge. See Merge.] To rise out of a fluid;
to come forth from that in which anything has been plunged,
enveloped, or concealed; to issue and appear; as, to
emerge from the water or the ocean; the sun
emerges from behind the moon in an eclipse; to
emerge from poverty or obscurity. \'bdThetis
. . . emerging from the deep.\'b8
Dryden.
Those who have emerged from very low, some from the
lowest, classes of society.
Burke.
E*mer"gence (?), n.; pl.
Emergences (/). The act of
rising out of a fluid, or coming forth from envelopment or
concealment, or of rising into view; sudden uprisal or
appearance.
The white color of all refracted light, at its very first
emergence . . . is compounded of various colors.
Sir I. Newton.
When from the deep thy bright emergence sprung.
H. Brooke.
E*mer"gen*cy (?), n.; pl.
Emergencies (#). [See
Emergence.]
1. Sudden or unexpected appearance; an unforeseen
occurrence; a sudden occasion.
Most our rarities have been found out by casual
emergency.
Glanvill.
2. An unforeseen occurrence or combination of
circumstances which calls for immediate action or remedy;
pressing necessity; exigency.
To whom she might her doubts propose,
On all emergencies that rose.
Swift.
A safe counselor in most difficult emergencies.
Brougham.
Syn. -- Crisis; conjuncture; exigency; pinch; strait;
necessity.
E*mer"gent (?), a. [L.
emergens, p. pr. of emergere.]
1. Rising or emerging out of a fluid or anything
that covers or conceals; issuing; coming to light.
The mountains huge appear emergent.
Milton.
2. Suddenly appearing; arising unexpectedly;
/alling fro prompt action; urgent.
Protection granted in emergent danger.
Burke.
Emergent year (Chron.), the epoch
or date from which any people begin to compute their time or
dates; as, the emergent year of Christendom is that of
the birth of Christ; the emergent year of the United
States is that of the declaration of their
independence.
-- E*mer"gent*ly, adv. --
E*mer"gent*ness, n.
[R.]
Em"er*il (?), n.
1. Emery. [Obs.]
Drayton.
2. A glazier's diamond.
Crabb.
Em"er*it*ed (?), a. [See
Emeritus.] Considered as having done
sufficient public service, and therefore honorably
discharged. [Obs.]
Evelyn.
\'d8E*mer"i*tus (?), a. [L.,
having served out his time, p. p. of emerere,
emereri, to obtain by service, serve out one's term;
e out + merere, mereri, to
merit, earn, serve.] Honorably discharged from the
performance of public duty on account of age, infirmity, or long
and faithful services; -- said of an officer of a college or
pastor of a church.
\'d8E*mer"i*tus, n.; pl.
Emeriti (#). [L.] A
veteran who has honorably completed his service.
{ Em"er*ods (?), Em"er*oids
(?), } n. pl. [OF.
emmeroides. See Hemorrhoids.]
Hemorrhoids; piles; tumors; boils. [R.]
Deut. xxviii. 27.
E*mersed" (?), a. [L.
emersus, p. p. See Emerge.]
(Bot.) Standing out of, or rising above,
water.
Gray.
E*mer"sion (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82mersion. See Emerge.]
1. The act of emerging, or of rising out of
anything; as, emersion from the sea;
emersion from obscurity or difficulties.
Their immersion into water and their emersion out
of the same.
Knatchbull.
2. (Astron.) The reappearance of a
heavenly body after an eclipse or occultation; as, the
emersion of the moon from the shadow of the earth; the
emersion of a star from behind the moon.
Em"er*y (?), n. [F.
\'82meri, earlier \'82meril, It.
smeriglio, fr. Gr. /, /, /, cf. / to wipe;
perh. akin to E. smear. Cf. Emeril.]
(Min.) Corundum in the form of grains or powder,
used in the arts for grinding and polishing hard substances.
Native emery is mixed with more or less magnetic iron. See the
Note under Corundum.
Emery board, cardboard pulp mixed with emery
and molded into convenient. -- Emery cloth
paper, cloth or paper on which the
powder of emery is spread and glued for scouring and
polishing. -- Emery wheel, a wheel containing
emery, or having a surface of emery. In machine shops, it is
sometimes called a buff wheel, and by the
manufacturers of cutlery, a glazer.
<-- p. 485 -->
\'d8Em"e*sis (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. /. See Emetic.] (Med.) A
vomiting.
E*met"ic (?), a. [L.
emeticus, Gr. /, fr. / to vomit, akin to L.
vomere: cf. F. \'82m\'82tique. See
Vomit.] (Med.) Inducing to vomit;
exciting the stomach to discharge its contents by the
mouth. -- n. A medicine which causes
vomiting.
E*met"ic*al (?), a. Inducing to
vomit; producing vomiting; emetic. --
E*met"ic*al*ly, adv.
Em"e*tine (?; 104), n. [See
Emetic.] (Chem.) A white
crystalline bitter alkaloid extracted from ipecacuanha root, and
regarded as its peculiar emetic principle.
Em`e*to-ca*thar"tic (?), a.
[Gr. / vomiting + E. cathartic.]
(Med.) Producing vomiting and purging at the same
time.
{ E"meu, E"mew (?) },
n. (Zo\'94l.) See Emu.
\'d8/`meute" (?), n.
[F.] A seditious tumult; an outbreak.
Em*forth" (?), prep. [AS.
em-, emn-, in comp. equiv. to
efen equal + for/ forth.]
According to; conformably to. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Emforth my might, so far as lies in my power.
[Obs.]
\'d8Em*gal"la (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) [Native name.] The South
African wart hog. See Wart hog.
Em"i*cant (?), a. [L.
emicans, p. pr. of emicare. See
Emication.] Beaming forth; flashing.
[R.]
Which emicant did this and that way dart.
Blackmore.
Em`i*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
emicatio, fr. emicare to spring out or
forth; e. out + micare to move quickly to
and fro, to sparkle.] A flying off in small particles,
as heated iron or fermenting liquors; a sparkling;
scintillation.
Sir T. Browne.
E*mic"tion (?), n. [L.
e out + mingere, mictum, to make
water.]
1. The voiding of urine.
2. What is voided by the urinary passages;
urine.
E*mic"to*ry (?), a. & n.
(Med.) Diuretic.
Em"i*grant (?), a. [L.
emigrans, -antis, p. pr. of
emigrare to emigrate: cf. F. \'82migrant.
See Emigrate, v. i.]
1. Removing from one country to another;
emigrating; as, an emigrant company or
nation.
2. Pertaining to an emigrant; used for emigrants;
as, an emigrant ship or hospital.
Em"i*grant, n. One who emigrates, or
quits one country or region to settle in another.
Syn. -- Emigrant, Immigrant.
Emigrant and emigration have reference to
the country from which the migration is made; the
correlative words immigrant and immigration
have reference to the country into which the migration
is made, the former marking the going out from a
country, the latter the coming into it.
Em"i*grate (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Emigrated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emigrating.] [L. emigratus,
p. p. of emigrare to remove, emigrate; e
out + migrare to migrate. See Migrate.]
To remove from one country or State to another, for the
purpose of residence; to migrate from home.
Forced to emigrate in a body to America.
Macaulay.
They [the Huns] were emigrating from Tartary into
Europe in the time of the Goths.
J. H. Newman.
Em"i*grate (?), a. Migratory;
roving. [Obs.]
Em`i*gra"tion (?), n. [L.
emigratio: cf. F. \'82migration.]
1. The act of emigrating; removal from one country
or state to another, for the purpose of residence, as from Europe
to America, or, in America, from the Atlantic States to the
Western.
2. A body emigrants; emigrants collectively;
as, the German emigration.
Em`i*gra"tion*al (?), a.
Relating to emigration.
Em`i*gra"tion*ist, n. An advocate or
promoter of emigration.
Em"i*gra`tor (?), n. One who
emigrates; am emigrant. [R.]
\'d8/`mi`gr\'82" (?), n. [F.,
emigrant.] One of the natives of France who were
opposed to the first Revolution, and who left their country in
consequence.
Em"i*nence (?), n. [L.
eminentia, fr. eminens eminent: cf. F.
\'82minence.]
1. That which is eminent or lofty; a high ground or
place; a height.
Without either eminences or cavities.
Dryden.
The temple of honor ought to be seated on an
eminence.
Burke.
2. An elevated condition among men; a place or
station above men in general, either in rank, office, or
celebrity; social or moral loftiness; high rank; distinction;
preferment.
Milton.
You 've too a woman's heart, which ever yet
Affected eminence, wealth, sovereignty.
Shak.
3. A title of honor, especially applied to a
cardinal in the Roman Catholic Church.
Em"i*nen*cy (?), n.; pl
Eminences (/). State of being
eminent; eminence. \'bdEminency of estate.\'b8
Tillotson.
Em"i*nent (?), a. [L.
eminens, -entis, p. pr. of
eminere to stand out, be prominent; e out +
minere (in comp.) to project; of uncertain origin: cf.
F. \'82minent. Cf. Menace.]
1. High; lofty; towering; prominent. \'bdA
very eminent promontory.\'b8
Evelyn
2. Being, metaphorically, above others, whether by
birth, high station, merit, or virtue; high in public estimation;
distinguished; conspicuous; as, an eminent station;
an eminent historian, statements, statesman, or
saint.
<-- by distinctive accomplishment -->
Right of eminent domain. (Law) See
under Domain.
Syn. -- Lofty; elevated; exalted; conspicuous; prominent;
remarkable; distinguished; illustrious; famous; celebrated;
renowned; well-known. See Distinguished.
Em"i*nent*ly, adv. In an eminent manner;
in a high degree; conspicuously; as, to be eminently
learned.
{ E"mir (?), E*meer" (?)
}, n. [Ar. em\'c6r,
am\'c6r, commander: cf. F. \'82mir. Cf.
Admiral, Ameer.] An Arabian military
commander, independent chieftain, or ruler of a province; also,
an honorary title given to the descendants of Mohammed, in the
line of his daughter Fatima; among the Turks, likewise, a title
of dignity, given to certain high officials.
{ E`mir*ship, E*meer"ship },
n. The rank or office of an Emir.
Em"is*sa*ry (?), n.; pl.
Emissaries (#). [L.
emissarius, fr. emittere,
emissum, to send out: cf. F. \'82missaire.
See Emit.] An agent employed to advance, in a
covert manner, the interests of his employers; one sent out by
any power that is at war with another, to create dissatisfaction
among the people of the latter.
Buzzing emissaries fill the ears
Of listening crowds with jealousies and fears.
Dryden.
Syn. -- Emissary, Spy. A
spy is one who enters an enemy's camp or territories
to learn the condition of the enemy; an emissary may
be a secret agent appointed not only to detect the schemes of an
opposing party, but to influence their councils. A spy
must be concealed, or he suffers death; an emissary
may in some cases be known as the agent of an adversary without
incurring similar hazard.
Em"is*sa*ry, a. 1. Exploring;
spying.
B. Jonson.
2. (Anat.) Applied to the veins which
pass out of the cranium through apertures in its walls.
Em"is*sa*ry*ship`, n. The office of an
emissary.
E*mis"sion (?), n. [L.
emissio: cf. F. \'82mission. See
Emit.]
1. The act of sending or throwing out; the act of
sending forth or putting into circulation; issue; as, the
emission of light from the sun; the emission of
heat from a fire; the emission of bank notes.
<-- now, we issue bank notes. -->
2. That which is sent out, issued, or put in
circulation at one time; issue; as, the emission was
mostly blood.
Emission theory (Physics), the
theory of Newton, regarding light as consisting of
emitted particles or corpuscles. See Corpuscular
theory, under Corpuscular.
Em`is*si"tious (?), a. [L.
emissitius, fr. emittere.]
Looking, or narrowly examining; prying.
[Obs.] \'bdThose emissitious eyes.\'b8
Bp. Hall.
E*mis"sive (?), a. Sending out;
emitting; as, emissive powers.
Em`is*siv"i*ty (?), n. Tendency
to emission; comparative facility of emission, or rate at which
emission takes place, as of heat from the surface of a heated
body.
E*mis"so*ry (?), a.
(Anat.) Same as Emissary, a.,
2.
E*mit" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Emitted
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emitting.] [L. emittere to
send out; e out + mittere to send. See
Mission.]
1. To send forth; to throw or give out; to cause to
issue; to give vent to; to eject; to discharge; as, fire
emits heat and smoke; boiling water emits
steam; the sun emits light.
Lest, wrathful, the far-shooting god emit
His fatal arrows.
Prior.
2. To issue forth, as an order or decree; to print
and send into circulation, as notes or bills of credit.
No State shall . . . emit bills of credit.
Const. of the U. S.
E*mit"tent (?), a. [L.
emittens, p. pr. emittere.]
Sending forth; emissive.
Boyle.
Em*man"tle (?), v. t. [Pref.
em- (L. in) + mantle: cf. F.
emmanteler. Cf. Inmantle.] To
cover over with, or as with, a mantle; to put about as a
protection. [Obs.]
Holland.
Em*man"u*el (?), n. See
Immanuel.
Matt. i. 23.
Em*mar"ble (?), v. t. To turn
to marble; to harden. [Obs.]
Thou dost emmarble the proud heart.
Spenser.
Em*men"a*gogue (?), n. [Gr.
/, n. pl., menses (/ in + / month) + /
leading, fr. / to lead: cf. F.
emm\'82nagogue.] (Med.) A
medicine that promotes the menstrual discharge.
Em"met (?), n. [OE.
emete, amete, AS. \'91mete. See
Ant.] (Zo\'94l.) An ant.
Emmet hunter (Zo\'94l.), the
wryneck.
\'d8Em`me*tro"pi*a (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / in measure, proportioned, suitable (/ in
+ / measure) + /, /, eye.] (Med.)
That refractive condition of the eye in which the rays of
light are all brought accurately and without undue effort to a
focus upon the retina; -- opposed to hypermetropia,
myopia, an astigmatism.
Em`me*trop"ic (?), a.
Pertaining to, or characterized by, emmetropia.
The normal or emmetropic eye adjusts itself
perfectly for all distances.
J. Le Conte.
Em*met"ro*py (?), n.
(Med.) Same as Emmetropia.
Em*mew" (?), v. t. [Pref.
em- (L. in) + mew. Cf.
Immew.] To mew or coop up.
[Obs.]
Shak.
Em*move" (?), v. t. [For
emove: cf. F. \'82mouvoir, L.
emovere. See Emotion.] To move; to
rouse; to excite. [Obs.]
Em"o*din (?), n. (Chem.)
An orange-red crystalline substance,
C15H10O5, obtained from the buckthorn, rhubarb,
etc., and regarded as a derivative of anthraquinone; -- so called
from a species of rhubarb (Rheum emodei).
Em`ol*les"cence (?), n. [L.
e out + mollescere, incho. fr.
mollere to be soft, mollis soft.]
That degree of softness in a body beginning to melt which
alters its shape; the first or lowest degree of fusibility.
E*mol"li*ate (?; 106), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Emolliated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Emolliating.] [See Emollient,
a.] To soften; to render effeminate.
Emolliated by four centuries of Roman domination,
the Belgic colonies had forgotten their pristine valor.
Pinkerton.
E*mol"lient (?; 106), a. [L.
emolliens, -entis, p. pr. of
emollire to soften; e out +
mollire to soften, mollis soft: cf. F.
\'82mollient. See Mollify.]
Softening; making supple; acting as an emollient.
\'bdEmollient applications.\'b8
Arbuthnot.
E*mol"lient (?; 105), n.
(Med.) An external something or soothing
application to allay irritation, soreness, etc.
Em`ol*li"tion (?), n. The act
of softening or relaxing; relaxation.
Bacon.
E*mol"u*ment (?), n. [L.
emolumentum, lit., a working out, fr.
emoliri to move out, work out; e out +
moliri to set in motion, exert one's self, fr.
moles a huge, heavy mass: cf. F.
\'82molument. See Mole a mound.]
The profit arising from office, employment, or labor; gain;
compensation; advantage; perquisites, fees, or salary.
A long . . . enjoyment of the emoluments of
office.
Bancroft.
E*mol`u*men"tal (?), a.
Pertaining to an emolument; profitable.
[R.]
Evelyn.
{ E*mong" (?), E*mongst"
(?) }, (/), prep. Among.
[Obs.]
E*mo"tion (?), n. [L.
emovere, emotum, to remove, shake, stir up;
e out + movere to move: cf. F.
\'82motion. See Move, and cf.
Emmove.] A moving of the mind or soul;
excitement of the feelings, whether pleasing or painful;
disturbance or agitation of mind caused by a specific exciting
cause and manifested by some sensible effect on the body.
How different the emotions between departure and
return!
W. Irving.
Some vague emotion of delight.
Tennyson.
Syn. -- Feeling; agitation; tremor; trepidation;
perturbation; passion; excitement. -- Emotion,
Feeling, Agitation. Feeling is the
weaker term, and may be of the body or the mind.
Emotion is of the mind alone, being the excited action
of some inward susceptibility or feeling; as, an
emotion of pity, terror, etc. Agitation
may the bodily or mental, and usually arises in the latter case
from a vehement struggle between contending desires or emotions.
See Passion. \'bdAgitations have but one
character, viz., that of violence; emotions vary with
the objects that awaken them. There are emotions
either of tenderness or anger, either gentle or strong, either
painful or pleasing.\'b8
Crabb.
E*mo"tioned (?), a. Affected
with emotion. [R.] \'bdThe
emotioned soul.\'b8
Sir W. Scott.
E*mo"tion*al (?), a. Pertaining
to, or characterized by, emotion; excitable; easily moved;
sensational; as, an emotional nature.
E*mo"tion*al*ism (?), n. The
cultivation of an emotional state of mind; tendency to regard
things in an emotional manner.
E*mo"tion*al*ize (?), v. t. To
give an emotional character to.
Brought up in a pious family where religion was not talked
about emotionalized, but was accepted as the rule of
thought and conduct.
Froude.
E*mo"tive (?), a. Attended by,
or having the character of, emotion. H. Brooke. --
E*mo"tive*ly, adv.
E*mo"tive*ness, n. Susceptibility to
emotion.
G. Eliot.
E`mo*tiv"i*ty (?), n.
Emotiveness.
Hickok.
E*move" (?), v. t. To
move. [Obs.]
Thomson.
Em*pair" (?), v. t. To
impair. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Em*pais"tic (?), a. [Gr. /
(sc. /), fr. / to stamp in; / in + / to strike.]
(Fine Arts) Having to do with inlaid work; --
especially used with reference to work of the ancient
Greeks.
Em*pale" (?), v. t. [Pref.
em- (L. in) + pale: cf. OF.
empalir.] To make pale.
[Obs.]
No bloodless malady empales their face.
G. Fletcher.
Em*pale", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Empaled (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Empaling.] [OF.
empaler to palisade, pierce, F. empaler to
punish by empalement; pref. em- (L. in) +
OF. & F. pal a pale, stake. See Pale a stake,
and cf. Impale.] >[Written also
impale.]
1. To fence or fortify with stakes; to surround
with a line of stakes for defense; to impale.
All that dwell near enemies empale villages, to
save themselves from surprise.
Sir W. Raleigh.
2. To inclose; to surround. See
Impale.
3. To put to death by thrusting a sharpened stake
through the body.
4. (Her.) Same as Impale.
Em*pale"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
empalement, fr. empaler. See
Empale.] >[Written also
impalement.]
1. A fencing, inclosing, or fortifying with
stakes.
2. A putting to death by thrusting a sharpened
stake through the body.
3. (Her.) Same as
Impalement.
Em*pan"el (?), n. [Pref.
em- (L. in) + panel.]
(Law) A list of jurors; a panel.
[Obs.]
Cowell.
Em*pan"el, v. t. See
Impanel.
Em*pan"o*plied (?), a. [Pref.
em- + panoply.] Completely
armed; panoplied.
Tennyson.
Em*par"a*dise (?), v. t. Same
as Imparadise.
Em*park" (?), v. t. [Pref.
em- + park: cf. OF. emparchier,
emparkier. Cf. Impark.] To make a
park of; to inclose, as with a fence; to impark.
[Obs.]
Em*par"lance (?), n. Parley;
imparlance. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Em*pasm" (?), n. [F.
empasme, fr. Gr. / to sprinkle in or on; / in +
/ to sprinkle.] A perfumed powder sprinkled upon the
body to mask the odor of sweat.
Em*pas"sion (?), v. t. To move
with passion; to affect strongly. See Impassion.
[Obs.]
Those sights empassion me full near.
Spenser.
Em*pas"sion*ate (?), a.
Strongly affected. [Obs.]
The Briton Prince was sore empassionate.
Spenser.
Em*pawn" (?), v. t. [Pref.
em- + pawn. Cf. Impawn.]
To put in pawn; to pledge; to impawn.
To sell, empawn, and alienate the estates.
Milman.
Em*peach" (?), v. t. To hinder.
See Impeach. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Em*pearl" (?), v. t. [Pref.
em- + pearl. Cf. Impearl.]
To form like pearls; to decorate with, or as with, pearls;
to impearl.
<-- p. 486 -->
Em*peo"ple (?), v. t. To form
into a people or community; to inhabit; to people.
[Obs.]
We now know 't is very well empeopled.
Sir T. Browne.
Em"per*ess (?), n. See
Empress. [Obs.]
Em"per*ice (?), n. An
empress. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Em*per"il (?), v. t. To put in
peril. See Imperil.
Spenser.
Em*per"ished (?), a. Perished;
decayed. [Obs.]
I deem thy brain emperished be.
Spenser.
Em"per*or (?), n. [OF.
empereor, empereour, F.
empereur, L. imperator, fr.
imperare to command; in in +
parare to prepare, order. See Parade, and cf.
Imperative, Empress.] The sovereign
or supreme monarch of an empire; -- a title of dignity superior
to that of king; as, the emperor of Germany or of
Austria; the emperor or Czar of Russia.
Emperor goose (Zo\'94l.), a large
and handsome goose (Philacte canagica), found in
Alaska. -- Emperor moth (Zo\'94l.),
one of several large and beautiful bombycid moths, with
transparent spots on the wings; as the American Cecropia moth
(Platysamia cecropia), and the European species
(Saturnia pavonia). -- Emperor paper.
See under Paper. -- Purple emperor
(Zo\'94l.), a large, strong British butterfly
(Apatura iris).
Em"per*or*ship, n. The rank or office of
an emperor.
Em"per*y (?), n. [L.
imperium, influenced by OF. emperie,
empire. See Empire.] Empire;
sovereignty; dominion. [Archaic]
Shak.
Struggling for my woman's empery.
Mrs. Browning.
Em"pha*sis (?), n.; pl.
Emphases (#). [L., fr. Gr. /
significance, force of expression, fr. / to show in, indicate;
/ in + / to show. See In, and Phase.]
1. (Rhet.) A particular stress of
utterance, or force of voice, given in reading and speaking to
one or more words whose signification the speaker intends to
impress specially upon his audience.
The province of emphasis is so much more important
than accent, that the customary seat of the latter is changed,
when the claims of emphasis require it.
E. Porter.
2. A peculiar impressiveness of expression or
weight of thought; vivid representation, enforcing assent;
as, to dwell on a subject with great
emphasis.
External objects stand before us . . . in all the life and
emphasis of extension, figure, and color.
Sir W. Hamilton.
Em"pha*size (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Emphasized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Emphasizing
(?).] To utter or pronounce with a
particular stress of voice; to make emphatic; as, to
emphasize a word or a phrase.
{ Em*phat"ic (?), Em*phat"ic*al
(?), } a. [Gr. /: cf. F.
emphatique. See Emphasis.]
1. Uttered with emphasis; made prominent and
impressive by a peculiar stress of voice; laying stress;
deserving of stress or emphasis; forcible; impressive; strong;
as, to remonstrate in am emphatic manner; an
emphatic word; an emphatic tone;
emphatic reasoning.
2. Striking the sense; attracting special
attention; impressive; forcible. \'bdEmphatical
colors.\'b8 Boyle. \'bdEmphatical evils.\'b8
Bp. Reynolds.
Syn. -- Forcible; earnest; impressive; energetic; striking;
positive; important; special; significant.
Em*phat"ic*al*ly, adv.
1. With emphasis; forcibly; in a striking manner or
degree; pre\'89minently.
He was indeed emphatically a popular writer.
Macaulay.
2. Not really, but apparently.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Em*phat"ic*al*ness, n. The quality of
being emphatic; emphasis.
Em*phrac"tic (?), a. [Gr. /
obstructing, fr. / to block up.] (Med.)
Having the quality of closing the pores of the skin.
Em*phren"sy (?), v. t. To
madden. [Obs.]
\'d8Em`phy*se"ma (?), n. [NL.,
from Gr. / inflation, fr. / to inflate; / in + / to blow:
cf. F. emphys\'8ame.] (Med.) A
swelling produced by gas or air diffused in the cellular
tissue.
Emphysema of the lungs, Pulmonary
emphysema (Med.), a common disease of
the lungs in which the air cells are distended and their
partition walls ruptured by an abnormal pressure of the air
contained in them.
Em`phy*sem"a*tous (?), a. [Cf.
F. emphys\'82mateux.] (Med.)
Pertaining to, or of the nature of, emphysema; swelled;
bloated.
\'d8Em`phy*teu"sis (?), n. [L.,
fr. Gr. /, lit., an implanting, fr. / to plant or improve
land; / in + / to plant.] (Rom. Law) A
real right, susceptible of assignment and of descent, charged on
productive real estate, the right being coupled with the
enjoyment of the property on condition of taking care of the
estate and paying taxes, and sometimes a small rent.
Heumann.
Em`phy*teu"tic (?), a. [L.
emphyteuticus.] Of or pertaining to an
emphyteusis; as, emphyteutic lands.
Em`phy*teu"ti*ca*ry (?), n. [L.
emphyteuticarius, a.] One who holds lands
by emphyteusis.
Em*pierce" (?), v. t. [Pref.
em- + pierce. Cf. Impierce.]
To pierce; to impierce. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Em*pight" (?), a. [Pref.
em- + pight pitched, fixed.]
Fixed; settled; fastened. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Em"pire (?), n. [F., fr. L.
imperium a command, sovereignty, dominion, empire, fr.
imperare. See Emperor; cf.
Imperial.]
1. Supreme power; sovereignty; sway;
dominion. \'bdThe empire of the sea.\'b8
Shak.
Over hell extend
His empire, and with iron scepter rule.
Milton.
2. The dominion of an emperor; the territory or
countries under the jurisdiction and dominion of an emperor
(rarely of a king), usually of greater extent than a kingdom,
always comprising a variety in the nationality of, or the forms
of administration in, constituent and subordinate portions;
as, the Austrian empire.
Empire carries with it the idea of a vast and
complicated government.
C. J. Smith.
3. Any dominion; supreme control; governing
influence; rule; sway; as, the empire of mind or of
reason. \'bdUnder the empire of facts.\'b8
M. Arnold.
Another force which, in the Middle Ages, shared with chivalry
the empire over the minds of men.
A. W. Ward.
Celestial empire. See under
Celestial. -- Empire City, a common
designation of the city of New York. -- Empire
State, a common designation of the State of New
York.
Syn. -- Sway; dominion; rule; control; reign; sovereignty;
government; kingdom; realm; state.
Em*pir"ic (?; 277), n. [L.
empiricus an empiric, Gr. / experienced, equiv. to
/; / in + / a trial, experiment; akin to / ford, way, and
E. fare: cf. F. empirique. See In,
and Fare.]
1. One who follows an empirical method; one who
relies upon practical experience.
2. One who confines himself to applying the results
of mere experience or his own observation; especially, in
medicine, one who deviates from the rules of science and regular
practice; an ignorant and unlicensed pretender; a quack; a
charlatan.
Among the Greek physicians, those who founded their practice
on experience called themselves empirics.
Krauth-Fleming.
Swallow down opinions as silly people do empirics'
pills.
Locke.
{ Em*pir"ic (?), Em*pir"ic*al
(?), } a.
1. Pertaining to, or founded upon, experiment or
experience; depending upon the observation of phenomena; versed
in experiments.
In philosophical language, the term empirical means
simply what belongs to or is the product of experience or
observation.
Sir W. Hamilton.
The village carpenter . . . lays out his work by
empirical rules learnt in his apprenticeship.
H. Spencer.
2. Depending upon experience or observation alone,
without due regard to science and theory; -- said especially of
medical practice, remedies, etc.; wanting in science and deep
insight; as, empiric skill, remedies.
Empirical formula. (Chem.) See
under Formula.
Syn. -- See Transcendental.
Em*pir"ic*al*ly, adv. By experiment or
experience; without science; in the manner of quacks.
Em*pir"i*cism (?), n.
1. The method or practice of an empiric; pursuit of
knowledge by observation and experiment.
2. Specifically, a practice of medicine founded on
mere experience, without the aid of science or a knowledge of
principles; ignorant and unscientific practice; charlatanry;
quackery.
3. (Metaph.) The philosophical theory
which attributes the origin of all our knowledge to
experience.
Em*pir"i*cist (?), n. An
empiric.
Em`pi*ris"tic (?), a.
(Physics) Relating to, or resulting from,
experience, or experiment; following from empirical methods or
data; -- opposed to nativistic.
Em*plas"ter (?), n. [OF.
emplastre, F. empl\'83tre, L.
emplastrum a plaster or salve, fr. Gr. /, fr. / to
plaster up, daub over; / in + / to form, mold, apply as a
plaster.] See Plaster.
[Obs.]
Wiseman.
Em*plas"ter, v. t. [Cf. OF.
emplastrer, F. empl\'83trer. See
Emplaster, n.] To plaster over; to
cover over so as to present a good appearance.
[Obs.] \'bdFair as ye his name
emplaster.\'b8
Chaucer.
Em*plas"tic (?), a. [Cf. F.
emplastique, fr. Gr. / clogging. See
Emplaster.] Fit to be applied as a plaster;
glutinous; adhesive; as, emplastic
applications.
Em*plas"tic, n. A medicine causing
constipation.
Em`plas*tra"tion (?), n. [L.
emplastratio a budding.]
1. The act or process of grafting by inoculation;
budding. [Obs.]
Holland.
2. [See 1st Emplaster.]
(Med.) The application of a plaster or
salve.
Em*plead" (?), v. t. [Pref.
em- (L. in) + plead: cf. F.
emplaidier. Cf. Implead.] To
accuse; to indict. See Implead.
Em*plec"tion (?), n. See
Emplecton.
Em*plec"ton (?), n. [F. or L.
emplecton, fr. Gr. /, fr. / interwoven, fr. / to
plait or weave in; / in + / to twist, weave.] A
kind of masonry in which the outer faces of the wall are ashlar,
the space between being filled with broken stone and mortar.
Cross layers of stone are interlaid as binders.
[R.]
Weale.
Em*plore" (?), v. t. See
Implore. [Obs.]
Em*ploy" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Employed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Employing.] [F. employer,
fr. L. implicare to fold into, infold, involve,
implicate, engage; in + plicare to fold. See
Ply, and cf. Imply, Implicate.]
1. To inclose; to infold. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
2. To use; to have in service; to cause to be
engaged in doing something; -- often followed by in,
about, on, or upon, and
sometimes by to; as: (a) To make use of, as
an instrument, a means, a material, etc., for a specific purpose;
to apply; as, to employ the pen in writing, bricks
in building, words and phrases in speaking; to employ
the mind; to employ one's energies.
This is a day in which the thoughts . . . ought to be
employed on serious subjects.
Addison.
(b) To occupy; as, to employ time in
study. (c) To have or keep at work; to give
employment or occupation to; to intrust with some duty or behest;
as, to employ a hundred workmen; to employ
an envoy.
Jonathan . . . and Jahaziah . . . were employed
about this matter.
Ezra x. 15.
Thy vineyard must employ the sturdy steer
To turn the glebe.
Dryden.
To employ one's self, to apply or devote one's
time and attention; to busy one's self.
Syn. -- To use; busy; apply; exercise; occupy; engross;
engage. See Use.
Em*ploy", n. [Cf. F.
emploi.] That which engages or occupies a
person; fixed or regular service or business; employment.
The whole employ of body and of mind.
Pope.
In one's employ, in one's service.
Em*ploy"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F.
employable.] Capable of being employed;
capable of being used; fit or proper for use.
Boyle.
\'d8Em`ploy`\'82" (?), n. [F.,
p. p. of employer.] One employed by
another; a clerk or workman in the service of an employer.
Em`ploy*ee" (?), n. [The Eng.
form of employ\'82.] One employed by
another.
Em*ploy"er (?), n. One who
employs another; as, an employer of
workmen.
Em*ploy"ment (?), n.
1. The act of employing or using; also, the state
of being employed.
2. That which engages or occupies; that which
consumes time or attention; office or post of business; service;
as, agricultural employments; mechanical
employments; public employments; in the
employment of government.
Cares are employments, and without employ
The soul is on a rack.
Young.
Syn. -- Work; business; occupation; vocation; calling;
office; service; commission; trade; profession.
Em*plumed" (?), a.
Plumed. [R.]
Em*plunge" (?), v. t. [Cf.
Implunge.] To plunge; to implunge.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
Em*poi"son (?), v. t. [F.
empoisonner; pref. em- + F.
poison. See Poison, and cf.
Impoison.] To poison; to impoison.
Shak.
Em*poi"son, n. Poison.
[Obs.]
Remedy of Love.
Em*poi"son*er (?), n.
Poisoner. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Em*poi"son*ment (?), n. [F.
empoisonnement.] The act of
poisoning.
Bacon.
{ Em`po*ret"ic (?),
Em`po*ret"ic*al (?), } a.
[L. emporeticus, Gr. /. See
Emporium.] Pertaining to an emporium;
relating to merchandise. [Obs.]
Johnson.
Em*po"ri*um (?), n.; pl.
Emporiums (#), L. Emporia
(#). [L., fr. Gr. /, fr. / belonging to
commerce, fr. / traveler, trader; / in + / way through and
over, path. See In, and Empiric,
Fare.]
1. A place of trade; a market place; a mart; esp.,
a city or town with extensive commerce; the commercial center of
a country.
That wonderful emporium [Manchester] . . . was then
a mean and ill-built market town.
Macaulay.
It is pride . . . which fills our streets, our
emporiums, our theathers.
Knox.
2. (Physiol.) The brain.
[Obs.]
Em*pov"er*ish (?), v. t. See
Impoverish.
Em*pow"er (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Empowered
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Empowering.]
1. To give authority to; to delegate power to; to
commission; to authorize (having commonly a legal force); as,
the Supreme Court is empowered to try and decide cases,
civil or criminal; the attorney is empowered to sign an
acquittance, and discharge the debtor.
2. To give moral or physical power, faculties, or
abilities to. \'bdThese eyes . . . empowered to
gaze.\'b8
Keble.
Em"press (?), n. [OE.
empress, emperice, OF. empereis,
empereris, fr. L. imperatrix, fem. of
imperator. See Emperor.]
1. The consort of an emperor.
Shak.
2. A female sovereign.
3. A sovereign mistress.
\'bdEmpress of my soul.\'b8
Shak.
Empress cloth, a cloth for ladies' dresses,
either wholly of wool, or with cotton warp and wool weft. It
resembles merino, but is not twilled.
Em*print" (?), v. t.
[Obs.] See Imprint.
Em*prise" (?), n. [OF.
emprise, fr. emprendre to undertake; pref.
em- (L. in) + F. prendre to
take, L. prehendere, prendere;
prae before + a verb akin to E. get. See
Get, and cf. Enterprise,
Impresa.] [Archaic]
1. An enterprise; endeavor; adventure.
Chaucer.
In brave pursuit of chivalrous emprise.
Spenser.
The deeds of love and high emprise.
Longfellow.
2. The qualifies which prompt one to undertake
difficult and dangerous exploits.
I love thy courage yet and bolt emprise;
But here thy sword can do thee little stead.
Milton.
Em*prise", v. t. To undertake.
[Obs.]
Sackville.
Em*pris"ing (?), a. [From
Emprise, v. t.] Full of daring;
adventurous. [Archaic]
T. Campbell.
Em*pris"on (?), v. t.
[Obs.] See Imprison.
\'d8Em`pros*thot"o*nos (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / forward + / to draw.]
(Med.) A drawing of the body forward, in
consequence of the spasmodic action of some of the muscles.
Gross.
Emp"te (?), v. t. To
empty. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Emp"ti*er (?; 215), n. One who,
or that which, empties.
Emp"ti*er, compar. of
Empty.
Emp"ti*ness, n. [From
Empty.]
1. The state of being empty; absence of contents;
void space; vacuum; as, the emptiness of a vessel;
emptiness of the stomach.
2. Want of solidity or substance;
unsatisfactoriness; inability to satisfy desire; vacuity;
hollowness; the emptiness of earthly glory.
3. Want of knowledge; lack of sense; vacuity of
mind.
Eternal smiles his emptiness betray.
Pope.
The sins of emptiness, gossip, and spite.
Tennyson.
Emp"tion (?), n. [L.
emptio, fr. emere to buy.] The
act of buying. [R.]
Arbuthnot.
Emp"tion*al (?), a. Capable of
being purchased.
Emp"ty (?; 215), a.
[Compar. Emptier (?);
superl. Emptiest.] [AS.
emtig, \'91mtig, \'91metig, fr.
\'91mta, \'91metta, quiet, leisure, rest;
of uncertain origin; cf. G. emsig busy.]
1. Containing nothing; not holding or having
anything within; void of contents or appropriate contents; not
filled; -- said of an inclosure, as a box, room, house, etc.;
as, an empty chest, room, purse, or pitcher; an
empty stomach; empty shackles.
<-- p. 487 -->
2. Free; clear; devoid; -- often with
of. \'bdThat fair female troop . . .
empty of all good.\'b8
Milton.
I shall find you empty of that fault.
Shak.
3. Having nothing to carry; unburdened.
\'bdAn empty messenger.\'b8
Shak.
When ye go ye shall not go empty.
Ex. iii. 21.
4. Destitute of effect, sincerity, or sense; --
said of language; as, empty words, or
threats.
Words are but empty thanks.
Cibber.
5. Unable to satisfy; unsatisfactory; hollow; vain;
-- said of pleasure, the world, etc.
Pleas'd in the silent shade with empty praise.
Pope.
6. Producing nothing; unfruitful; -- said of a
plant or tree; as, an empty vine.
Seven empty ears blasted with the east wind.
Gen. xli. 27.
7. Destitute of, or lacking, sense, knowledge, or
courtesy; as, empty brains; an empty
coxcomb.
That in civility thou seem'st so empty.
Shak.
8. Destitute of reality, or real existence;
unsubstantial; as, empty dreams.
Empty is used as the first element in a
compound; as, empty-handed, having nothing in the
hands, destitute; empty-headed, having few ideas;
empty-hearted, destitute of feeling.
Syn. -- See Vacant.
Emp"ty (?), n.; pl.
Empties (/). An empty box,
crate, cask, etc.; -- used in commerce, esp. in transportation of
freight; as, \'bdspecial rates for
empties.\'b8
Emp"ty, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Emptied (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Emptying.] To deprive of the
contents; to exhaust; to make void or destitute; to make vacant;
to pour out; to discharge; as, to empty a vessel; to
empty a well or a cistern.
The clouds . . . empty themselves upon the
earth.
Eccl. xi. 3.
Emp"ty, v. i.
1. To discharge itself; as, a river
empties into the ocean.
2. To become empty. \'bdThe chapel
empties.\'b8
B. Jonson.
Emp"ty*ing, n. 1. The act of
making empty.
Shak.
2. pl. The lees of beer, cider, etc.;
yeast. [U.S.]
Em*pugn" (?), v. t.
[Obs.] See Impugn.
Em*pur"ple (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Empurpled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Empurpling
(?).] [Pref. em- +
purple. Cf. Impurple.] To tinge or
dye of a purple color; to color with purple; to impurple.
\'bdThe deep empurpled ran.\'b8
Philips.
Em*puse" (?), n. [LL.
empusa, Gr. /.] A phantom or
specter. [Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.
Em*puz"zle (?), v. t. [Pref.
em- + puzzle.] To puzzle.
[Archaic]
Sir T. Browne.
\'d8Em`py*e"ma (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. /, from / to suppurate; / in + / pus.]
(Med.) A collection of blood, pus, or other
fluid, in some cavity of the body, especially that of the
pleura.
Dunglison.
empyema is now restricted to a
collection of pus in the cavity of the pleura.
\'d8Em`py*e"sis (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / suppuration.] (Med.) An
eruption of pustules.
Em*pyr"e*al (?), a. [L.
empyrius, empyreus, fiery, Gr. /, /, in
fire, fiery; / in + / fire. See In, and
Fire.] Formed of pure fire or light; refined
beyond a\'89rial substance; pertaining to the highest and purest
region of heaven.
Go, soar with Plato to the empyreal sphere.
Pope.
Empyreal air, oxygen gas.
Em*pyr"e*al, n. Empyrean.
Mrs. Browning.
Em`py*re"an (?; 277), n. [See
Empyreal.] The highest heaven, where the pure
element of fire was supposed by the ancients to subsist.
The empyrean rung
With hallelujahs.
Milton.
Em`py*re"an, a. Empyreal.
Akenside.
\'d8Em`py*reu"ma (?), n. [NL.,
from Gr. / a live coal covered with ashes, fr. / to set on
fire, fr. /: cf. F. empyreume. See
Empyreal.] (Chem.) The peculiar
smell and taste arising from products of decomposition of animal
or vegetable substances when burnt in close vessels.
{ Em`py*reu*mat"ic (?),
Em`py*reu*mat"ic*al (?), } a.
[Cf. F. empyreumatique.] Of or
pertaining to empyreuma; as, an empyreumatic
odor.
Empyreumatic oils, oils obtained by distilling
various organic substances at high temperatures.
Brande & C.
Em`py*reu"ma*tize (?), v. t. To
render empyreumatic. [R.]
Em*pyr"ic*al (?), a. [Gr. /
in fire. See Empyreal.] Containing the
combustible principle of coal.
Kirwan.
\'d8Em"py*ro"sis (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. /; / in + / to burn.] A general fire; a
conflagration. [Obs.]
Sir M. Hale.
Em"rods (?), n. pl. See
Emerods. [Obs.]
E"mu (?), n. [Cf. Pg.
ema ostrich, F. \'82mou,
\'82meu, emu.] (Zo\'94l.) A
large Australian bird, of two species (Dromaius
Nov\'91-Hollandi\'91 and D. irroratus), related
to the cassowary and the ostrich. The emu runs swiftly, but is
unable to fly. [Written also emeu and
emew.]
Emu wren. See in the Vocabulary.
Em"u*la*ble (?), a. [L.
aemulari to emulate + -able.]
Capable of being emulated. [R.]
Some imitable and emulable good.
Abp. Leighton.
Em"u*late (?), a. [L.
aemulatus, p. p. of aemulari, fr.
aemulus emulous; prob. akin to E.
imitate.] Striving to excel; ambitious;
emulous. [Obs.] \'bdA most emulate
pride.\'b8
Shak.
Em"u*late (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Emulated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Emulating
(?).] To strive to equal or to excel in
qualities or actions; to imitate, with a view to equal or to
outdo, to vie with; to rival; as, to emulate the
good and the great.
Thine eye would emulate the diamond.
Shak.
Em`u*la"tion (?), n. [L.
aemulatio: cf. F. \'82mulation.]
1. The endeavor to equal or to excel another in
qualities or actions; an assiduous striving to equal or excel
another; rivalry.
A noble emulation heats your breast.
Dryden.
2. Jea/ous rivalry; envy; envious
contention.
Such factious emulations shall arise.
Shak.
Syn. -- Competition; rivalry; contest; contention; strife.
-- Emulation, Competition, Rivalry.
Competition is the struggle of two or more persons for
the same object. Emulation is an ardent desire for
superiority, arising from competition, but now implying, of
necessity, any improper feeling. Rivalry is a personal
contest, and, almost of course, has a selfish object and gives
rise to envy. \'bdCompetition and emulation
have honor for their basis; rivalry is but a desire
for selfish gratification. Competition and
emulation animate to effort; rivalry
usually produces hatred. Competition and
emulation seek to merit success; rivalry is
contented with obtaining it.\'b8
Crabb.
Em"u*la*tive (?), a. Inclined
to emulation; aspiring to competition; rivaling; as, an
emulative person or effort.
\'bdEmulative zeal.\'b8
Hoole.
Em"u*la*tive*ly, adv. In an emulative
manner; with emulation.
Em"u*la`tor (?), n. [L.
aemulator.] One who emulates, or strives to
equal or surpass.
As Virgil rivaled Homer, Milton was the emulator of
both.
Bp. Warburton.
Em"u*la*to*ry (?), a.
Pertaining to emulation; connected with rivalry.
[R.] \'bdEmulatory officiousness.\'b8
Bp. Hall.
Em"u*la`tress (?), n. A female
emulator. [R.]
Em"ule (?), v. t. [F.
\'82muler. See Emulate.] To
emulate. [Obs.] \'bdEmuled of
many.\'b8
Spenser.
E*mulge" (?), v. t. [L.
emulgere, emulsum; e out +
mulgere to milk; akin to E. milk. See
Milk.] To milk out; to drain.
[Obs.]
Bailey.
E*mul"gent (?), a. [L.
emulgens, p. pr. of emulgere to milk out:
cf. F. \'82mulgent. So called because regarded by the
ancients as straining out the serum, as if by milking, and so
producing the urine.] (Anat.) Pertaining to
the kidneys; renal; as, emulgent arteries and
veins. -- n. An emulgent vessel,
as a renal artery or vein.
E*mul"gent, n. (Med.) A
medicine that excites the flow of bile. [Obs.]
Hoblyn.
Em"u*lous (?), a. [L.
aemulus. See Emulate.]
1. Ambitiously desirous to equal or even to excel
another; eager to emulate or vie with another; desirous of like
excellence with another; -- with of; as,
emulous of another's example or virtues.
2. Vying with; rivaling; hence, contentious,
envious. \'bdEmulous Carthage.\'b8
B. Jonson.
Emulous missions 'mongst the gods.
Shak.
Em"u*lous*ly, adv. In an emulous
manner.
Em"u*lous*ness, n. The quality of being
emulous.
E*mul"sic (?), a. Pertaining
to, or produced from, emulsin; as, emulsic
acid.
Hoblyn.
E*mul"si*fy (?), v. t.
[Emulsion + -fy.] To
convert into an emulsion; to form an emulsion; to reduce from an
oily substance to a milky fluid in which the fat globules are in
a very finely divided state, giving it the semblance of solution;
as, the pancreatic juice emulsifies the oily part of
food.
E*mul"sin (?), n. [See
Emulsion, Emulge.] (Chem.)
(a) The white milky pulp or extract of bitter
almonds. [R.] (b) An unorganized
ferment (contained in this extract and in other vegetable
juices), which effects the decomposition of certain
glucosides.
E*mul"sion (?), n. [From L.
emulgere, emulsum: cf. F.
\'82mulsion. See Emulge.] Any
liquid preparation of a color and consistency resembling milk;
as: (a) In pharmacy, an extract of seeds, or a mixture
of oil and water united by a mucilaginous substance. (b)
In photography, a liquid preparation of collodion holding salt of
silver, used in the photographic process.
E*mul"sive (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82mulsif.]
1. Softening; milklike.
2. Yielding oil by expression; as,
emulsive seeds.
3. Producing or yielding a milklike substance;
as, emulsive acids.
E*munc"to*ry (?), n.; pl.
Emunctories (#). [L.
emunctorium a pair of snuffers, fr.
emungere, emunctum, to blow the nose,
hence, to wipe, cleanse; e out + mungere to
blow the nose: cf. F. \'82monctoire, formerly spelled
also \'82monctoire.] (Physiol.)
Any organ or part of the body (as the kidneys, skin, etc.,)
which serves to carry off excrementitious or waste matter.
Em`us*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
emuscare to clear from moss; e out +
muscus moss.] A freeing from moss.
[Obs.]
E"mu wren` (?). (Zo\'94l.) A
small wrenlike Australian bird (Stipiturus
malachurus), having the tail feathers long and loosely
barbed, like emu feathers.
E"myd (?), n.; pl. E.
Emyds (#), E. Emyd//
(#). [See Emydea.]
(Zo\'94l.) A fresh-water tortoise of the family
Emydid\'91.
\'d8E*myd"e*a (?), n. pl. [NL.,
fr. Emys a genus of tortoises, L. emys a
kind of fresh-water tortoise, Gr. /.]
(Zo\'94l.) A group of chelonians which comprises
many species of fresh-water tortoises and terrapins.
En- (?). 1. [F. en-,
L. in.] A prefix signifying in
or into, used in many English words, chiefly those
borrowed from the French. Some English words are written
indifferently with en- or in-. For ease of
pronunciation it is commonly changed to em- before
p, b, and m, as in
employ, embody, emmew. It is
sometimes used to give a causal force, as in enable,
enfeeble, to cause to be, or to
make, able, or feeble; and sometimes merely gives an
intensive force, as in enchasten. See
In-.
2. A prefix from Gr. / in, meaning in;
as, encephalon, entomology. See
In-.
-en. 1. A suffix from AS. -an,
formerly used to form the plural of many nouns, as in
ashen, eyen, oxen, all obs.
except oxen. In some cases, such as
children and brethren, it has been added to
older plural forms.
2. A suffix corresponding to AS. -en and
-on, formerly used to form the plural of verbs, as in
housen, escapen.
3. A suffix signifying to make, to
cause, used to form verbs from nouns and adjectives; as in
strengthen, quicken, frighten.
This must not be confused with -en corresponding in
Old English to the AS. infinitive ending -an.
4. [AS. -en; akin to Goth.
-eins, L. -inus, Gr. /.] An
adjectival suffix, meaning made of; as in
golden, leaden, wooden.
5. [AS. -en; akin to Skr.
-na.] The termination of the past
participle of many strong verbs; as, in broken,
gotten, trodden.
En (?), n. (Print.)
Half an em, that is, half of the unit of space in measuring
printed matter. See Em.
En*a"ble (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enabled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Enabling
(?).]
1. To give strength or ability to; to make firm and
strong. [Obs.] \'bdWho hath enabled
me.\'b8
1 Tim. i. 12.
Receive the Holy Ghost, said Christ to his apostles, when he
enabled them with priestly power.
Jer. Taylor.
2. To make able (to do, or to be, something); to
confer sufficient power upon; to furnish with means,
opportunities, and the like; to render competent for; to empower;
to endow.
Temperance gives Nature her full play, and enables
her to exert herself in all her force and vigor.
Addison.
En*a"ble*ment (?), n. The act
of enabling, or the state of being enabled; ability.
Bacon.
En*act" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enacted; p. pr.
& vb. n. Enacting.]
1. To decree; to establish by legal and
authoritative act; to make into a law; especially, to perform the
legislative act with reference to (a bill) which gives it the
validity of law.
2. To act; to perform; to do; to effect.
[Obs.]
The king enacts more wonders than a man.
Shak.
3. To act the part of; to represent; to play.
I did enact Julius Caesar.
Shak.
Enacting clause, that clause of a bill which
formally expresses the legislative sanction.
En*act", n. Purpose;
determination. [Obs.]
En*act"ive (?), a. Having power
to enact or establish as a law.
Abp. Bramhall.
En*act"ment (?), n. 1.
The passing of a bill into a law; the giving of legislative
sanction and executive approval to a bill whereby it is
established as a law.
2. That which is enacted or passed into a law; a
law; a decree; a statute; a prescribed requirement; as, a
prohibitory enactment; a social
enactment.
En*act"or (?), n. One who
enacts a law; one who decrees or establishes as a law.
Atterbury.
En*ac"ture (?; 135), n.
Enactment; resolution. [Obs.]
Shak.
En*al"i*o*saur` (?), n.
(Paleon.) One of the Enaliosauria.
\'d8En*al`i*o*sau"ri*a (?), n. pl.
[NL., from Gr. / marine (/ in + / the sea) + / a
lizard.] (Paleon.) An extinct group of
marine reptiles, embracing both the Ichthyosauria and the
Plesiosauria, now regarded as distinct orders.
En*al`i*o*sau"ri*an (?), a.
(Paleon.) Pertaining to the Enaliosauria.
-- n. One of the Enaliosauria.
\'d8E*nal"la*ge (?), n. [L.,
fr. Gr. / an exchange, fr. / to exchange; / in + / to
change.] (Gram.) A substitution, as of one
part of speech for another, of one gender, number, case, person,
tense, mode, or voice, of the same word, for another.
En*am"bush (?), v. t. To
ambush. [Obs.]
En*am"el (?), n. [Pref.
en- + amel. See Amel,
Smelt, v. t.]
1. A variety of glass, used in ornament, to cover a
surface, as of metal or pottery, and admitting of after
decoration in color, or used itself for inlaying or application
in varied colors.
2. (Min.) A glassy, opaque bead obtained
by the blowpipe.
3. That which is enameled; also, any smooth, glossy
surface, resembling enamel, especially if variegated.
4. (Anat.) The intensely hard calcified
tissue entering into the composition of teeth. It merely covers
the exposed parts of the teeth of man, but in many animals is
intermixed in various ways with the dentine and cement.
Enamel painting, painting with enamel colors
upon a ground of metal, porcelain, or the like, the colors being
afterwards fixed by fire. -- Enamel paper,
paper glazed a metallic coating.
En*am"el, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Enameled (?) or Enamelled;
p. pr. & vb. n. Enameling or
Enamelling.]
1. To lay enamel upon; to decorate with enamel
whether inlaid or painted.
<-- p. 488 -->
2. To variegate with colors as if with
enamel.
Oft he [the serpent]bowed
His turret crest and sleek enameled neck.
Milton.
3. To form a glossy surface like enamel upon;
as, to enamel card paper; to enamel leather
or cloth.
4. To disguise with cosmetics, as a woman's
complexion.
En*am"el (?), v. i. To practice
the art of enameling.
En*am"el, a. Relating to the art of
enameling; as, enamel painting.
Tomlinson.
En*am"el*ar (?), a. Consisting
of enamel; resembling enamel; smooth; glossy.
[R.]
Craig.
En*am"eled (?), a. Coated or
adorned with enamel; having a glossy or variegated surface;
glazed. [Written also enamelled.]
{ En*am"el*er (?), En*am"el*ist,
} n. One who enamels; a workman or artist
who applies enamels in ornamental work. [Written
also enameller, enamellist.]
En*am"or (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enamored
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enamoring.] [OF. enamourer,
enamorer; pref. en- (L. in) +
OF. & F. amour love, L. amor. See
Amour, and cf. Inamorato.] To
inflame with love; to charm; to captivate; -- with of,
or with, before the person or thing; as, to be
enamored with a lady; to be enamored of books
or science. [Written also
enamour.]
Passionately enamored of this shadow of a
dream.
W. Irving.
En*am"or*ment (?), n. The state
of being enamored. [R.]
E*nan`ti*o*mor"phous (?), a.
[Gr. / opposite + / form.]
(Crystallog.) Similar, but not superposable,
i. e., related to each other as a
right-handed to a left-handed glove; -- said of certain
hemihedral crystals.
E*nan`ti*o*path"ic (?), a.
(Med.) Serving to palliate; palliative.
Dunglison.
E*nan`ti*op"a*thy (?), n. [Gr.
/ of contrary properties or affections; / opposite + /
suffering, affection, fr. /, /, to suffer.]
1. An opposite passion or affection.
Sir W. Hamilton.
2. (Med.) Allopathy; -- a term used by
followers of Hahnemann, or homeopathists.
\'d8E*nan`ti*o"sis (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / contradiction, fr. / opposite.]
(Rhet.) A figure of speech by which what is to be
understood affirmatively is stated negatively, and the contrary;
affirmation by contraries.
En**arch" (?), v. t. To
arch. [Obs.]
Lydgate.
En*arched" (?), a. (Her.)
Bent into a curve; -- said of a bend or other
ordinary.
En*ar"gite (?), n. (Min.)
An iron-black mineral of metallic luster, occurring in small
orthorhombic crystals, also massive. It contains sulphur,
arsenic, copper, and often silver.
En*armed" (?), a. (Her.)
Same as Armed, 3.
En`ar*ra"tion (?), n. [L.
enarratio. See Narration.] A
detailed exposition; relation. [Obs.]
Hakewill.
\'d8En`ar*thro"di*a (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / in + /. See Arthrodia.]
(Anat.) See Enarthrosis. --
En`ar*thro"di*al, a.
\'d8En`ar*thro"sis (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. /, fr. / jointed; / in + /
joint.] (Anat.) A ball and socket joint, or
the kind of articulation represented by such a joint. See
Articulation.
E*nas"cent (?), a. [L.
enascens, p. pr. of enasci to spring up;
e out + nasci to be born.]
Coming into being; nascent. [Obs.]
Bp. Warburton.
E`na*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
enatare to swim out. See Natation.]
A swimming out. [Obs.]
Bailey.
E*nate" (?), a. [L.
enatus, p. p. of enasci. See
Enascent.] Growing out.
E*na"tion (?), n. (Bot.)
Any unusual outgrowth from the surface of a thing, as of a
petal; also, the capacity or act of producing such an
outgrowth.
E*naun"ter (?), adv. [Pref.
en- + aunter.] Lest that.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
E*nav"i*gate (?), v. t. [L.
enavigatus, p. p. of enavigare.]
To sail away or over. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
En*bat"tled (?), a.
Embattled. [Obs.]
En*bibe" (?), v. t. To
imbibe. [Obs.]
Skelton.
En*broud"e (?), v. t. See
Embroude.
En*cage" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Encaged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engaging.] [Pref. en- +
cage: cf. F. encager.] To
confine in a cage; to coop up.
Shak.
En*cal"en*dar (?), v. t. To
register in a calendar; to calendar.
Drayton.
En*camp" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Encamped (?;
215); p. pr. & vb. n.
Encamping.] To form and occupy a camp;
to prepare and settle in temporary habitations, as tents or huts;
to halt on a march, pitch tents, or form huts, and remain for the
night or for a longer time, as an army or a company
traveling.
The host of the Philistines encamped in the valley
of Rephaim.
1 Chron. xi. 15.
En*camp", v. t. To form into a camp; to
place in a temporary habitation, or quarters.
Bid him encamp his soldiers.
Shak.
En*camp"ment (?), n. 1.
The act of pitching tents or forming huts, as by an army or
traveling company, for temporary lodging or rest.
2. The place where an army or a company is
encamped; a camp; tents pitched or huts erected for temporary
lodgings.
A square of about seven hundred yards was sufficient for the
encampment of twenty thousand Romans.
Gibbon.
A green encampment yonder meets the eye.
Guardian.
En*can"ker (?), v. t. To
canker. [Obs.]
En*cap`su*la"tion (?), n.
(Physiol.) The act of inclosing in a capsule; the
growth of a membrane around (any part) so as to inclose it in a
capsule.
En*car"nal*ize (?), v. t. To
carnalize; to make gross. [R.]
\'bdEncarnalize their spirits.\'b8
Tennyson.
\'d8En*car"pus (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / containing fruit; / in + / fruit; cf. L.
encarpa, pl., Gr. /.] (Arch.)
An ornament on a frieze or capital, consisting of festoons
of fruit, flowers, leaves, etc. [Written also
encarpa.]
En*case" (?), v. t. [Cf.
Enchase.] To inclose as in a case. See
Incase.
Beau. & Fl.
En*case"ment (?), n. [Cf.
Casement.]
1. The act of encasing; also, that which
encases.
2. (Biol.) An old theory of generation
similar to embo/tement. See Ovulist.
En*cash" (?), v. t. (Eng.
Banking) To turn into cash; to cash.
Sat. Rev.
En*cash"ment (?), n. (Eng.
Banking) The payment in cash of a note, draft,
etc.
En*cau"ma (?), n. [NL., from
Gr. / mark caused by burning, fr. /. See
Encaustic.] (Med.) An ulcer in the
eye, upon the cornea, which causes the loss of the humors.
Dunglison.
En*caus"tic (?), a. [L.
encausticus, Gr. /, fr. / to burn in; / in +
/ to burn: cf. F. encaustique. See Caustic,
and cf. Ink.] (Fine Arts) Prepared
by means of heat; burned in.
Encaustic painting (Fine Arts),
painting by means of wax with which the colors are combined,
and which is afterwards fused with hot irons, thus fixing the
colors. -- Encaustic tile (Fine Arts),
an earthenware tile which has a decorative pattern and is not
wholly of one color.
En*caus"tic, n. [L.
encaustica, Gr. / (sc. /): cf. F.
encaustique. See Encaustic,
a.] The method of painting in heated wax,
or in any way where heat is used to fix the colors.
En*cave" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + cave: cf. F. encaver. Cf.
Incavated.] To hide in, or as in, a cave or
recess. \'bdDo but encave yourself.\'b8
Shak.
-ence (?). [F. -ence, L.
-entia.] A noun suffix signifying
action, state, or quality; also,
that which relates to the action or state; as in
emergence, diffidence,
diligence, influence,
difference, excellence. See
-ance.
\'d8En`ceinte" (?), n. [F., fr.
enceindre to gird about, surround, L.
incingere; in (intens). +
cingere to gird. See Cincture.]
1. (Fort.) The line of works which forms
the main inclosure of a fortress or place; -- called also
body of the place.
2. The area or town inclosed by a line of
fortification.
The suburbs are not unfrequently larger than their
enceinte.
S. W. Williams.
\'d8En`ceinte", a. [F., fr. L.
in not + cinctus, p. p. of
cingere to gird about.] Pregnant; with
child.
\'d8En*ce"ni*a (?), n. pl. [LL.
encaenia, fr. Gr. / a feast of dedication; / in +
/ new.] A festival commemorative of the founding of
a city or the consecration of a church; also, the ceremonies (as
at Oxford and Cambridge, England) commemorative of founders or
benefactors.
En*cense" (?), v. t. & i. [F.
encenser, fr. encens. See Incense,
n.] To offer incense to or upon; to burn
incense. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
En`ce*phal"ic (?), a. [See
Encephalon.] (Anat.) Pertaining to
the encephalon or brain.
En*ceph`a*li"tis (?), n. [NL.,
from Gr. / the brain + -itis.]
(Med.) Inflammation of the brain. --
En`ceph*a*lit"ic (#),
a.
En*ceph"a*lo*cele (?), n. [Gr.
/ the brain + / tumor.] (Med.) Hernia
of the brain.
En*ceph"a*loid (?), a. [Gr. /
+ -oid.] Resembling the material of the
brain; cerebriform.
Encephaloid cancer (Med.), a very
malignant form of cancer of brainlike consistency. See under
Cancer.
En*ceph"a*loid, n. An encephaloid
cancer.
En*ceph`a*lol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr.
/ the brain + -logy.] The science which
treats of the brain, its structure and functions.
En*ceph"a*lon (?), n. [NL. See
Encephalos.] (Anat.) The contents
of the cranium; the brain.
En*ceph`a*lop"a*thy (?), n.
[Gr. / the brain + /, /, to suffer.]
(Med.) Any disease or symptoms of disease
referable to disorders of the brain; as, lead
encephalopathy, the cerebral symptoms attending chronic
lead poisoning.
En*ceph"a*los (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. /; / in + / head.] (Anat.) The
encephalon.
In man the encephalos reaches its full size about
seven years of age.
Sir W. Hamilton.
En*ceph`a*lot"o*my (?), n. [Gr.
/ the brain + / a cutting.] (Surg.) The
act or art of dissecting the brain.
En*ceph"a*lous (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Having a head; -- said of most
Mollusca; -- opposed to acephalous.
En*chafe" (?), v. t. To chafe;
to enrage; to heat. [Obs.]
Shak.
En*chaf"ing, n. Heating; burning.
[Obs.]
The wicked enchaufing or ardure of this sin
[lust].
Chaucer.
En*chain" (?), v. t. [F.
encha\'8cner; pref. en- (L. in)
cha\'8cne chain. See Chain, and cf.
Incatenation.]
1. To bind with a chain; to hold in chains.
2. To hold fast; to confine; as, to
enchain attention.
3. To link together; to connect.
Howell.
En*chain"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
encha\'8cnement.] The act of enchaining, or
state of being enchained.
En*chair" (?), v. t. To seat in
a chair.
Tennyson.
En*chan"nel (?), v. t. To make
run in a channel. \'bdIts waters were
enchanneled.\'b8
Sir D. Brewster.
En*chant" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enchanted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Enchanting.] [F.
enchanter, L. incantare to chant or utter a
magic formula over or against one, to bewitch; in in,
against + cantare to sing. See Chant, and cf.
Incantation.]
1. To charm by sorcery; to act on by enchantment;
to get control of by magical words and rites.
And now about the caldron sing,
Like elves and fairies in a ring,
Enchanting all that you put in.
Shak.
He is enchanted, cannot speak.
Tennyson.
2. To delight in a high degree; to charm; to
enrapture; as, music enchants the ear.
Arcadia was the charmed circle where all his spirits forever
should be enchanted.
Sir P. Sidney.
Syn. -- To charm; bewitch; fascinate. Cf.
Charm.
En*chant"ed (?), a. Under the
power of enchantment; possessed or exercised by enchanters;
as, an enchanted castle.
En*chant"er (?), n. [Cf. F.
enchanteur.] One who enchants; a sorcerer
or magician; also, one who delights as by an enchantment.
Like ghosts from an enchanter fleeing.
Shelley.
Enchanter's nightshade (Bot.), a
genus (Circ\'91a) of low inconspicuous, perennial
plants, found in damp, shady places.
En*chant"ing, a. Having a power of
enchantment; charming; fascinating. --
En*chant"ing*ly, adv.
En*chant"ment (?), n. [F.
enchantement.]
1. The act of enchanting; the production of certain
wonderful effects by the aid of demons, or the agency of supposed
spirits; the use of magic arts, spells, or charms;
incantation.
After the last enchantment you did here.
Shak.
2. The effect produced by the act; the state of
being enchanted; as, to break an
enchantment.
3. That which captivates the heart and senses; an
influence or power which fascinates or highly delights.
Such an enchantment as there is in words.
South.
Syn. -- Incantation; necromancy; magic; sorcery; witchcraft;
spell; charm; fascination; witchery.
En*chant"ress (?), n. [Cf. F.
enchanteresse.] A woman versed in magical
arts; a sorceress; also, a woman who fascinates.
Shak.
En*charge" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Encharged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Encharging
(?).] [OF. enchargier, F.
encharger; pref. en- (L. in) +
F. charger. See Charge.] To charge
(with); to impose (a charge) upon.
His countenance would express the spirit and the passion of
the part he was encharged with.
Jeffrey.
En*charge", n. A charge.
[Obs.]
A. Copley.
En*chase" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enchased
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enchasing.] [F.
ench\'83sser; pref. en- (L. in)
+ ch\'83sse box containing relics, frame, case, the
same word as caisse case. See 1st Case, and
cf. Chase, Encase, Incase.]
1. To incase or inclose in a border or rim; to
surround with an ornamental casing, as a gem with gold; to
encircle; to inclose; to adorn.
Enchased with a wanton ivy twine.
Spenser.
An precious stones, in studs of gold enchased,
The shaggy velvet of his buskins graced.
Mickle.
2. To chase; to ornament by embossing or engraving;
as, to enchase a watch case.
With golden letters . . . well enchased.
Spenser.
3. To delineate or describe, as by writing.
[Obs.]
All which . . . for to enchase,
Him needeth sure a golden pen, I ween.
Spenser.
En*chas"er (?), n. One who
enchases.
En*chas"ten (?), v. t. To
chasten. [Obs.]
{ En*che"son, En*chea"son (?)
}, n. [OF. enchaison, fr. L.
incidere to happen; in + cadere to
fall.] Occasion, cause, or reason.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
En*chest" (?), v. t. [Cf.
Inchest.] To inclose in a chest.
Vicars.
\'d8En`chi*rid"i*on (?), n.
[L., from Gr. /; / in + / hand.] Handbook;
a manual of devotions.
Evelyn.
En*chis"el (?), v. t. To cut
with a chisel.
\'d8En"cho*dus (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / a spear + /, /, a tooth.]
(Paleon.) A genus of extinct Cretaceous fishes;
-- so named from their spear-shaped teeth. They were allied to
the pike (Esox).
\'d8En`chon*dro"ma (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / in + / cartilage +
-oma.] (Med.) A cartilaginous
tumor growing from the interior of a bone.
Quain.
{ En*cho"ri*al (?), En*chor"ic
(?), } a. [Gr. / domestic,
native; / in + / place, country.] Belonging to, or
used in, a country; native; domestic; popular; common; -- said
especially of the written characters employed by the common
people of ancient Egypt, in distinction from the hieroglyphics.
See Demotic.
\'d8En`chy*lem"ma (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / to pour in + / anything received.]
(Biol.) The basal substance of the cell nucleus;
a hyaline or granular substance, more or less fluid during life,
in which the other parts of the nucleus are imbedded.
\'d8En"chy*ma (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. / an infusion; / in + / to pour.]
(Biol.) The primitive formative juice, from which
the tissues, particularly the cellular tissue, are formed.
En*cinc"ture (?), n. A
cincture. [Poetic]
The vast encincture of that gloomy sea.
Wordsworth.
En*cin"dered (?), a. Burnt to
cinders. [R.]
En*cir"cle (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Encircled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Encircling
(?).] [Pref. en- +
circle: cf. OF. encercler.] To
form a circle about; to inclose within a circle or ring; to
surround; as, to encircle one in the arms; the army
encircled the city.
Her brows encircled with his serpent rod.
Parnell.
Syn. -- To encompass; surround; environ; inclose.
En*cir"clet (?), n.
[Encircle + -let.] A small
circle; a ring. [Obs.]
Sir P. Sidney.
En*clasp" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + clasp. Cf. Inclasp.]
To clasp. See Inclasp.
En*clave" (?), n. [F., fr. L.
in + clavus a nail.] A tract of land or a
territory inclosed within another territory of which it is
independent. See Exclave. [Recent]
En*clave", v. t. [Cf. F.
enclaver.] To inclose within an alien
territory. [Recent]
En*clave"ment (?), n.
[F.] The state of being an enclave.
[Recent]
<-- p. 489 -->
{ En*clit"ic (?), En*clit"ic*al
(?), } a. [L.
encliticus, Gr. /, fr. / to incline; / in + /
to bend. See In, and Lean, v.
i.] (Gram.) Affixed; subjoined; --
said of a word or particle which leans back upon the preceding
word so as to become a part of it, and to lose its own
independent accent, generally varying also the accent of the
preceding word.
En*clit"ic, n. (Gram.) A word
which is joined to another so closely as to lose its proper
accent, as the pronoun thee in prithee
(pray thee).
En*clit"ic*al*ly, adv. In an enclitic
manner; by throwing the accent back.
Walker.
En*clit"ics (?), n.
(Gram.) The art of declining and conjugating
words.
En*clois"ter (?), v. t. [Cf.
Incloister.] To shut up in a cloister; to
cloister.
En*close" (?), v. t. [F.
enclos, p. p. of enclore to enclose; pref.
en- (L. in) + clore to close.
See Close, and cf. Inclose,
Include.] To inclose. See
Inclose.
En*clo"sure (?; 135), n.
Inclosure. See Inclosure.
enclose and
enclosure are written indiscriminately
enclose or inclose and enclosure
or inclosure.
En*clothe" (?), v. t. To
clothe.
En*cloud" (?), v. t. [Cf.
Incloud.] To envelop in clouds; to
cloud. [R.]
Spenser.
En*coach" (?), v. t. [Cf.
Incoach.] To carry in a coach.
[R.]
Davies (Wit's Pilgr.)
En*cof"fin (?), v. t. To put in
a coffin. [R.]
En*cold"en (?), v. t. To render
cold. [Obs.]
En*col"lar (?), v. t. To
furnish or surround with a collar. [R.]
En*col"or (?), v. t. To
color. [R.]
\'d8En`co`lure" (?), n.
[F.] The neck of horse.
R. Browning.
En*com"ber (?), v. t. See
Encumber. [Obs.]
En*com"ber*ment (?), n. [See
Encumberment.] Hindrance;
molestation.[Obs.]
Spenser.
En*co"mi*ast (?), n. [Gr. /,
fr. / to praise, fr. / encomium: cf. F.
encomiaste. See Encomium.] One who
praises; a panegyrist.
Locke.
{ En*co`mi*as"tic (?),
En*co`mi*as"tic*al (?), } a.
[Gr. /.] Bestowing praise; praising;
eulogistic; laudatory; as, an encomiastic address or
discourse. --
En*co`mi*as"tic*al*ly,
adv.
En*co`mi*as"tic, n. A panegyric.
B. Jonson.
En*co"mi*on (?), n. [NL.]
Encomium; panegyric. [Obs.]
B. Jonson.
En*co"mi*um (?), n.; pl.
Encomiums (#). [NL., fr. Gr. /
(a song) chanted in a Bacchic festival in praise of the god; /
in + / a jovial festivity, revel. See Comedy.]
Warm or high praise; panegyric; strong commendation.
His encomiums awakened all my ardor.
W. Irving.
Syn. -- See Eulogy.
En*com"pass (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Encompassed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Encompassing.] To circumscribe or go
round so as to surround closely; to encircle; to inclose; to
environ; as, a ring encompasses the finger; an army
encompasses a city; a voyage encompassing the
world.
Shak.
A question may be encompassed with difficulty.
C. J. Smith.
The love of all thy sons encompass thee.
Tennyson.
Syn. -- To encircle; inclose; surround; include; environ;
invest; hem in; shut up.
En*com"pass*ment (?), n. The
act of surrounding, or the state of being surrounded;
circumvention.
By this encompassment and drift of question.
Shak.
En`core" (?), adv.
[F. The last part of the word is fr. L. hora
hour. See Hour.] Once more; again; -- used by the
auditors and spectators of plays, concerts, and other
entertainments, to call for a repetition of a particular
part.
En`core", n. A call or demand (as, by
continued applause) for a repetition; as, the
encores were numerous.
En`core", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Encored (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Encoring.] To call for a
repetition or reappearance of; as, to encore a song
or a singer.
[Rebecca] insisted upon encoring one of the
duets.
Thackeray.
En*cor"po*ring (?), n. [Pref.
en- + L. corpus body.]
Incorporation. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
\'d8En`cou`bert" (?), n. [F.,
Pg. encorberto, encuberto, lit.,
covered.] (Zo\'94l.) One of several species
of armadillos of the genera Dasypus and
Euphractus, having five toes both on the fore and hind
feet.
En*coun"ter (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Encountered
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Encountering.] [OF.
encontrer; pref. en- (L. in) +
contre against, L. contra. See
Counter, adv.] To come against
face to face; to meet; to confront, either by chance, suddenly,
or deliberately; especially, to meet in opposition or with
hostile intent; to engage in conflict with; to oppose; to
struggle with; as, to encounter a friend in
traveling; two armies encounter each other; to
encounter obstacles or difficulties, to
encounter strong evidence of a truth.
Then certain philosophers of the Epicureans, and of the
Stoics, encountered him.
Acts xvii. 18.
I am most fortunate thus accidentally to encounter
you.
Shak.
En*coun"ter, v. i. To meet face to face;
to have a meeting; to meet, esp. as enemies; to engage in combat;
to fight; as, three armies encountered at
Waterloo.
I will encounter with Andronicus.
Shak.
Perception and judgment, employed in the investigation of all
truth, have in the first place to encounter with
particulars.
Tatham.
En*coun"ter, n. [OF.
encontre, fr. encontrer. See
Encounter, v. t.]
1. A meeting face to face; a running against; a
sudden or incidental meeting; an interview.
To shun the encounter of the vulgar crowd.
Pope.
2. A meeting, with hostile purpose; hence, a
combat; a battle; as, a bloody encounter.
As one for . . . fierce encounters fit
.
Spenser.
To join their dark encounter in mid-air
.
Milton.
Syn. -- Contest; conflict; fight; combat; assault;
rencounter; attack; engagement; onset. See
Contest.
En*coun"ter*er (?), n. One who
encounters; an opponent; an antagonist.
Atterbury.
En*cour"age (?; 48), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Encouraged (?;
48); p. pr. & vb. n. Encouraging
(?).] [F. encourager; pref.
en- (L. in) + courage courage.
See Courage.] To give courage to; to inspire
with courage, spirit, or hope; to raise, or to increase, the
confidence of; to animate; enhearten; to incite; to help forward;
-- the opposite of discourage.
David encouraged himself in the Lord.
1 Sam. xxx. 6.
Syn. -- To embolden; inspirit; animate; enhearten; hearten;
incite; cheer; urge; impel; stimulate; instigate; countenance;
comfort; promote; advance; forward; strengthen.
En*cour"age*ment (?), n. [Cf.
F. encouragement.]
1. The act of encouraging; incitement to action or
to practice; as, the encouragement of youth in
generosity.
All generous encouragement of arts.
Otway.
2. That which serves to incite, support, promote,
or advance, as favor, countenance, reward, etc.; incentive;
increase of confidence; as, the fine arts find little
encouragement among a rude people.
To think of his paternal care,
Is a most sweet encouragement to prayer.
Byron.
En*cour"a*ger (?), n. One who
encourages, incites, or helps forward; a favorer.
The pope is . . . a great encourager of arts.
Addison.
En*cour"a*ging (?), a.
Furnishing ground to hope; inspiriting; favoring. --
En*cour"a*ging*ly,
adv.
En*cowl" (?), v. t. To make a
monk (or wearer of a cowl) of. [R.]
Drayton.
En*cra"dle (?), v. t. To lay in
a cradle.
En"cra*tite (?), n. [L.
Encratitae, pl., fr. Gr. / self-disciplined; / in
+ / strength.] (Eccl. Hist.) One of a
sect in the 2d century who abstained from marriage, wine, and
animal food; -- called also Continent.
En*crease" (?), v. t. & i.
[Obs.] See Increase.
En*crim"son (?), v. t. To give
a crimson or red color to; to crimson.
Shak.
{ En*crin"ic (?), En*cri"nal
(?), En*crin"i*tal (?), }
a. (Paleon.) Relating to encrinites;
containing encrinites, as certain kinds of limestone.
En"cri*nite (?), n. [Gr. / in
+ / a lily: cf. F. encrinite.]
(Paleon.) A fossil crinoid, esp. one belonging
to, or resembling, the genus Encrinus. Sometimes used in a
general sense for any crinoid.
{ En`cri*nit"ic (?),
En`cri*nit"ic*al (?), } a.
(Paleon.) Pertaining to encrinites;
encrinal.
\'d8En`cri*noid"e*a (?), n. pl.
[NL. See Encrinus and -oid.]
(Zo\'94l.) That order of the Crinoidea which
includes most of the living and many fossil forms, having jointed
arms around the margin of the oral disk; -- also called
Brachiata and Articulata. See
Illusts. under Comatula and
Crinoidea.
\'d8En"cri*nus (?), n.; pl.
Encrini (#). [NL. See
Encrinite.] (Paleon.) A genus of
fossil encrinoidea, from the Mesozoic rocks.
En*crisped" (?), a.
Curled. [Obs.]
Skelton.
En*croach" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Encroached
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Encroaching.] [OF.
encrochier to perch, prop., to hook, fasten a hook
(perh. confused with acrochier, F.
accrocher, to hook, get hold of, E.
accroach); pref. en- (L. in) +
F. croc hook. See Crook, and cf.
Accroach.] To enter by gradual steps or by
stealth into the possessions or rights of another; to trespass;
to intrude; to trench; -- commonly with on or
upon; as, to encroach on a neighbor; to
encroach on the highway.
No sense, faculty, or member must encroach upon or
interfere with the duty and office of another.
South.
Superstition, . . . a creeping and encroaching
evil.
Hooker.
Exclude the encroaching cattle from thy ground.
Dryden.
Syn. -- To intrude; trench; infringe; invade;
trespass.
En*croach", n. Encroachment.
[Obs.]
South.
En*croach"er (?), n. One who by
gradual steps enters on, and takes possession of, what is not his
own.
En*croach"ing*ly, adv. By way of
encroachment.
En*croach"ment (?), n.
1. The act of entering gradually or silently upon
the rights or possessions of another; unlawful intrusion.
An unconstitutional encroachment of military power
on the civil establishment.
Bancroft.
2. That which is taken by encroaching on
another.
3. (Law) An unlawful diminution of the
possessions of another.
En*crust" (?), v. t. To
incrust. See Incrust.
En*crust"ment (?), n. That
which is formed as a crust; incrustment; incrustation.
Disengaging truth from its encrustment of
error.
I. Taylor.
En*cum"ber (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Encumbered
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Encumbering.] [F. encombrer;
pref. en- (L. in) + OF. combrer
to hinder. See Cumber, and cf. Incumber.]
>[Written also incumber.]
1. To impede the motion or action of, as with a
burden; to retard with something superfluous; to weigh down; to
obstruct or embarrass; as, his movements were
encumbered by his mantle; his mind is
encumbered with useless learning.
Not encumbered with any notable inconvenience.
Hooker.
2. To load with debts, or other legal claims;
as, to encumber an estate with mortgages.
Syn. -- To load; clog; oppress; overload; embarrass;
perplex; hinder; retard; obstruct; check; block.
En*cum"ber*ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
encombrement.] Encumbrance.
[R.]
En*cum"brance (?), n. [Cf. OF.
encombrance. Cf. Incumbrance.]
1. That which encumbers; a burden which impedes
action, or renders it difficult and laborious; a clog; an
impediment. See Incumbrance.
2. (Law) Same as
Incumbrance.
Syn. -- Burden; clog; impediment; check; hindrance.
En*cum"bran*cer (?), n.
(Law) Same as Incumbrancer.
En*cur"tain (?), v. t. To
inclose with curtains.
-en*cy (?). [L. -entia.]
A noun suffix having much the same meaning as
-ence, but more commonly signifying the
quality or state; as,
emergency, efficiency. See
-ancy.
{ En*cyc"lic (?), En*cyc"li*cal
(?), } a. [L. encyclios
of a circle, general, Gr. /; / in + / circle: cf. F.
encyclique. See Cycle.] Sent to
many persons or places; intended for many, or for a whole order
of men; general; circular; as, an encyclical letter
of a council, of a bishop, or the pope.
{ En*cyc"lic, En*cyc"li*cal, }
n. An encyclical letter, esp. one from a
pope.
Shipley.
{ En*cy`clo*pe"di*a, En*cy`clo*p\'91"di*a
} (?), n. [NL., fr. Gr. /, for
/ /, instruction in the circle of arts and sciences: cf. F.
encyclop\'82die. See Cyclopedia, and
Encyclical.] [Formerly written
encyclop\'91dy and encyclopedy.]
The circle of arts and sciences; a comprehensive summary of
knowledge, or of a branch of knowledge; esp., a work in which the
various branches of science or art are discussed separately, and
usually in alphabetical order; a cyclopedia.
En*cy`clo*pe*di"a*cal (?), a.
Encyclopedic.
En*cy`clo*pe"di*an (?), a.
Embracing the whole circle of learning, or a wide range of
subjects.
{ En*cy`clo*ped"ic (?),
En*cy`clo*ped"ic*al (?), } a.
[Cf. F. encyclop\'82dique.] Pertaining
to, or of the nature of, an encyclopedia; embracing a wide range
of subjects.
En*cy`clo*pe"dism (?), n. The
art of writing or compiling encyclopedias; also, possession of
the whole range of knowledge; encyclopedic learning.
En*cy`clo*pe"dist (?), n. [Cf.
F. encyclop\'82diste.] The compiler of an
encyclopedia, or one who assists in such compilation; also, one
whose knowledge embraces the whole range of the sciences.
The Encyclopedists, the writers of the great
French encyclopedia which appeared in 1751-1772. The editors were
Diderot and D'Alembert. Among the contributors were Voltaire and
Rousseau.
En*cyst" (?), v. t. To inclose
in a cyst.
En`cys*ta"tion (?), n.
Encystment.
En*cyst"ed (?), a. Inclosed in
a cyst, or a sac, bladder, or vesicle; as, an
encysted tumor.
The encysted venom, or poison bag, beneath the adder's
fang.
Coleridge.
En*cyst"ment (?), n.
1. (Biol.) A process which, among some
of the lower forms of life, precedes reproduction by budding,
fission, spore formation, etc.
a) first contracts its body to
a globular mass (b) and then secretes a transparent cyst
(c), after which the mass divides into two or more parts
(as in d e), each of which attains freedom by the
bursting of the cyst, and becomes an individual animal.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A process by which many
internal parasites, esp. in their larval states, become inclosed
within a cyst in the muscles, liver, etc. See
Trichina.
End (?), n. [OE. & AS.
ende; akin to OS. endi, D.
einde, eind, OHG. enti, G.
ende, Icel. endir, endi, Sw.
\'84nde, Dan. ende, Goth.
andeis, Skr. anta. ////. Cf.
Ante-, Anti-, Answer.]
1. The extreme or last point or part of any
material thing considered lengthwise (the extremity of breadth
being side); hence, extremity, in general; the
concluding part; termination; close; limit; as, the
end of a field, line, pole, road; the end of a
year, of a discourse; put an end to pain; --
opposed to beginning, when used of anything having a
first part.
Better is the end of a thing than the beginning
thereof.
Eccl. vii. 8.
2. Point beyond which no procession can be made;
conclusion; issue; result, whether successful or otherwise;
conclusive event; consequence.
My guilt be on my head, and there an end.
Shak.
O that a man might know
The end of this day's business ere it come!
Shak.
3. Termination of being; death; destruction;
extermination; also, cause of death or destruction.
Unblamed through life, lamented in thy end.
Pope.
Confound your hidden falsehood, and award
Either of you to be the other's end.
Shak.
I shall see an end of him.
Shak.
4. The object aimed at in any effort considered as
the close and effect of exertion; ppurpose; intention; aim;
as, to labor for private or public ends.
Losing her, the end of living lose.
Dryden.
When every man is his own end, all things will come
to a bad end.
Coleridge.
5. That which is left; a remnant; a fragment; a
scrap; as, odds and ends.
I clothe my naked villainy
With old odd ends stolen out of holy writ,
And seem a saint, when most I play the devil.
Shak.
6. (Carpet Manuf.) One of the yarns of
the worsted warp in a Brussels carpet.
<-- p. 490 -->
An end. (a) On end; upright; erect;
endways. Spenser (b) To the end;
continuously. [Obs.] Richardson. --
End bulb (Anat.), one of the bulblike
bodies in which some sensory nerve fibers end in certain parts of
the skin and mucous membranes; -- also called end
corpuscles. -- End fly, a bobfly.
-- End for end, one end for the other; in reversed
order. -- End man, the last man in a row; one
of the two men at the extremities of a line of minstrels. --
End on (Naut.), bow foremost. --
End organ (Anat.), the structure in
which a nerve fiber ends, either peripherally or centrally.
-- End plate (Anat.), one of the flat
expansions in which motor nerve fibers terminate on muscular
fibers. -- End play (Mach.),
movement endwise, or room for such movement. -- End
stone (Horol.), one of the two plates of a
jewel in a timepiece; the part that limits the pivot's end
play. -- Ends of the earth, the remotest
regions of the earth. -- In the end, finally.
Shak. -- On end, upright;
erect. -- To the end, in order.
Bacon. -- To make both ends meet, to
live within one's income. Fuller. -- To put an
end to, to destroy.
End (?), v. t. [imp.
& p. p. Ended; p. pr. & vb. n.
Ending.]
1. To bring to an end or conclusion; to finish; to
close; to terminate; as, to end a speech.
\'bdI shall end this strife.\'b8
Shak.
On the seventh day God ended his work.
Gen. ii. 2.
2. To form or be at the end of; as, the letter
k ends the word back.
3. To destroy; to put to death. \'bdThis
sword hath ended him.\'b8
Shak.
To end up, to lift or tilt, so as to set on
end; as, to end up a hogshead.
End, v. i. To come to the ultimate
point; to be finished; to come to a close; to cease; to
terminate; as, a voyage ends; life ends;
winter ends.
End"a*ble (?), a. That may be
ended; terminable.
End"*all` (?), n. Complete
termination. [R.]
That but this blow
Might be the be-all and the end-all here.
Shak.
En*dam"age (?; 48), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Endamaged (?;
48); p. pr. & vb. n. Endamaging
(?).] [Pref. en- +
damage: cf. F. endommager.] To
bring loss or damage to; to harm; to injure.
[R.]
The trial hath endamaged thee no way.
Milton.
En*dam"age*a*ble (?), a.
Capable of being damaged, or injured; damageable.
[Obs.]
En*dam"age*ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
endommagement.] Damage; injury; harm.
[Obs.]
Shak.
En*dam"ni*fy (?), v. t. To
damnify; to injure. [R.]
Sandys.
En*dan"ger (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Endangered
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Endangering.]
1. To put to hazard; to bring into danger or peril;
to expose to loss or injury; as, to endanger life or
peace.
All the other difficulties of his reign only exercised without
endangering him.
Burke.
2. To incur the hazard of; to risk.
[Obs.]
He that turneth the humors back . . . endangereth
malign ulcers.
Bacon.
En*dan"ger*ment (?), n. Hazard;
peril.
Milton.
En*dark" (?), v. t. To
darken. [Obs.]
Feltham.
En`das*pid"e*an (?), a.
[Endo- + Gr. /, /, a
shield.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the anterior
scutes extending around the tarsus on the inner side; -- said of
certain birds.
En*daz"zle (?), v. t. To
dazzle. [Obs.] \'bdEndazzled
eyes.\'b8
Milton.
En*dear" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Endeared
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Endearing.]
1. To make dear or beloved. \'bdTo be
endeared to a king.\'b8
Shak.
2. To raise the price or cost of; to make costly or
expensive. [R.]
King James I. (1618).
En*dear"ed*ly (?), adv. With
affection or endearment; dearly.
En*dear"ed*ness, n. State of being
endeared.
En*dear"ing, a. Making dear or beloved;
causing love. -- En*dear"ing*ly,
adv.
En*dear"ment (?), n. The act of
endearing or the state of being endeared; also, that which
manifests, excites, or increases, affection. \'bdThe great
endearments of prudent and temperate speech.\'b8
Jer. Taylor.
Her first endearments twining round the soul.
Thomson.
En*deav"or (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Endeavored
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Endeavoring.] [OE. endevor;
pref. en- + dever, devoir, duty,
F. devoir: cf. F. se mettre en devoir de faire
quelque chose to try to do a thing, to go about it. See
Devoir, Debt.] [Written also
endeavour.] To exert physical or
intellectual strength for the attainment of; to use efforts to
effect; to strive to achieve or reach; to try; to attempt.
It is our duty to endeavor the recovery of these
beneficial subjects.
Ld. Chatham.
To endeavor one's self, to exert one's self
strenuously to the fulfillment of a duty. [Obs.]
\'bdA just man that endeavoreth himself to leave all
wickedness.\'b8
Latimer.
En*deav"or, v. i. To exert one's self;
to work for a certain end.
And such were praised who but endeavored well.
Pope.
Usually with an infinitive; as, to endeavor to
outstrip an antagonist.
He had . . . endeavored earnestly to do his
duty.
Prescott.
Syn. -- To attempt; try; strive; struggle; essay; aim;
seek.
En*deav"or, n. [Written also
endeavour.] An exertion of physical or
intellectual strength toward the attainment of an object; a
systematic or continuous attempt; an effort; a trial.
To employ all my endeavor to obey you.
Sir P. Sidney.
To do one's endeavor, to do one's duty; to put
forth strenuous efforts to attain an object; -- a phrase derived
from the Middle English phrase \'bdto do one's
dever\'b8 (duty). \'bdMr. Prynne proceeded to show he
had done endeavor to prepare his answer.\'b8
Fuller.
Syn. -- Essay; trial; effort; exertion. See
Attempt.
En*deav"or*er (?), n. One who
makes an effort or attempt. [Written also
endeavourer.]
En*deav"or*ment (?), n. Act of
endeavoring; endeavor. [Obs.]
Spenser.
En*dec"a*gon (?), n. [See
Hendecagon.] (Geom.) A plane
figure of eleven sides and angles.
En`de*cag"y*nous (?), a. [Gr.
/ eleven + / female.] (Bot.) Having
eleven pistils; as, an endecagynous
flower.
En"de*cane (?), n. [Gr. /
eleven.] (Chem.) One of the higher
hydrocarbons of the paraffin series, C11H24,
found as a constituent of petroleum. [Written also
hendecane.]
En`de*caph"yl*lous (?), a. [Gr.
/ eleven + / leaf.] (Bot.) Composed of
eleven leaflets; -- said of a leaf.
En*deic"tic (?), a. [Gr. /,
fr. / to point out, show; / in + / to show.]
Serving to show or exhibit; as, an endeictic
dialogue, in the Platonic philosophy, is one which exhibits a
specimen of skill.
Enfield.
\'d8En*deix"is (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / indication. See Endeictic.]
(Med.) An indication.
En*de"mi*al (?), a.
Endemic. [R.]
{ En*de"mic (?), En*de"mic*al
(?), } a. [Gr. /, /; / + /
the people: cf. F. end\'82mique.]
(Med.) Peculiar to a district or particular
locality, or class of persons; as, an endemic
disease.
endemic disease is one which is
constantly present to a greater or less degree in any place, as
distinguished from an epidemic disease, which prevails
widely at some one time, or periodically, and from a
sporadic disease, of which a few instances occur now
and then.
En*dem"ic, n. (Med.) An
endemic disease.
Fear, which is an endemic latent in every human
heart, sometimes rises into an epidemic.
J. B. Heard.
En*dem"ic*al*ly, adv. In an endemic
manner.
En*dem`i*ol"o*gy (?), n. The
science which treats of endemic affections.
En*den`i*za"tion (?), n. The
act of naturalizing. [R.]
En*den"ize (?), v. t. To
endenizen. [Obs.]
En*den"i*zen (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + denizen. Cf.
Indenizen.] To admit to the privileges of a
denizen; to naturalize. [Obs.]
B. Jonson.
End"er (?), n. One who, or that
which, makes an end of something; as, the ender of
my life.
En`der*mat"ic (?), a.
Endermic.
En*der"mic (?), a. [Gr. / in
+ / skin.] (Med.) Acting through the
skin, or by direct application to the skin.
Endermic method, that in which the medicine
enters the system through the skin, being applied either to the
sound skin, or to the surface denuded of the cuticle by a
blister.
En*der"mic*al*ly (?), adv. By
the endermic method; as, applied
endermically.
\'d8En"de*ron (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. / in + / skin.] (Anat.) The deep
sensitive and vascular layer of the skin and mucous
membranes. -- En`de*ron"ic,
a.
En*di"a*demed (?), a.
Diademed. [R.]
En*di"a*per (?), v. t. [See
Diaper.] To decorate with a diaper
pattern.
En*dict" (?), v. t. See
Indict.
En*dict"ment (?), n. See
Indictment.
End"ing (?), n. 1.
Termination; concluding part; result; conclusion;
destruction; death.
2. (Gram.) The final syllable or letter
of a word; the part joined to the stem. See 3d Case,
5.
Ending day, day of death.
Chaucer.
En*dite (?), v. t. See
Indite.
Spenser.
En"dive (?), n. [F.
endive (cf. Pr., Sp. Pg., & It. endivia),
fr. a deriv. of L. intibus, intybus,
endive.] (Bot.) A composite herb
(Cichorium Endivia). Its finely divided and much
curled leaves, when blanched, are used for salad.
Wild endive (Bot.), chicory or
succory.
End"less (?), a. [AS.
endele\'a0s. See End.]
1. Without end; having no end or conclusion;
perpetual; interminable; -- applied to length, and to duration;
as, an endless line; endless time;
endless bliss; endless praise; endless
clamor.
2. Infinite; excessive; unlimited.
Shak.
3. Without profitable end; fruitless;
unsatisfying. [R.] \'bdAll loves are
endless.\'b8
Beau. & Fl.
4. Void of design; objectless; as, an
endless pursuit.
Endless chain, a chain which is made
continuous by uniting its two ends. -- Endless
screw. (Mech.) See under
Screw.
Syn. -- Eternal; everlasting; interminable; infinite;
unlimited; incessant; perpetual; uninterrupted; continual;
unceasing; unending; boundless; undying; imperishable.
End"less*ly, adv. In an endless
manner.
End"less*ness, n. [AS.
endele\'a0snys.] The quality of being
endless; perpetuity.
End"long` (?; 115), adv. & prep.
[Cf. Along.] Lengthwise; along.
[Archaic]
The doors were all of adamants eterne,
I-clenched overthwart and endelong
With iron tough.
Chaucer.
He pricketh endelong the large space.
Chaucer.
To thrust the raft endlong across the moat.
Sir W. Scott.
End"most` (?), a. Farthest;
remotest; at the very end.
Tylor.
{ En"do- (?), End- (?)
}. [Gr. / within, fr. / in. See
In.] A combining form signifying
within; as, endocarp, endogen,
endocuneiform, endaspidean.
En"do*blast (?), n.
[Endo- + -blast.]
(Biol.) Entoblast; endoplast. See
Nucleus,
En`do*blas"tic (?), a.
(Biol.) Relating to the endoblast; as, the
endoblastic layer.
{ En`do*car"di*ac (?),
En`do*car"di*al (?), } a.
1. Pertaining to the endocardium.
2. (Med.) Seated or generated within the
heart; as, endocardial murmurs.
\'d8En`do*car*di"tis (?), n.
[NL. See -itis.] (Med.)
Inflammation of the endocardium.
\'d8En`do*car"di*um (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / within + / heart.]
(Anat.) The membrane lining the cavities of the
heart.
En"do*carp (?), n.
[Endo- + Gr. / fruit: cf. F.
endocarpe.] (Bot.) The inner
layer of a ripened or fructified ovary.
En`do*chon"dral (?), a.
[Endo- + Gr. / cartilage.]
(Physiol.) Growing or developing within
cartilage; -- applied esp. to developing bone.
En"do*chrome (?), n.
[Endo- + Gr. / color.] (Bot.)
The coloring matter within the cells of plants, whether
green, red, yellow, or any other color.
En*doc"trine (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + doctrine.] To teach; to
indoctrinate. [Obs.]
Donne.
En"do*cyst (?), n.
[Endo- + Gr. / bladder, a bag.]
(Zo\'94l.) The inner layer of the cells of
Bryozoa.
En"do*derm (?), n.
[Endo- + Gr. / skin.] (Biol.)
(a) The inner layer of the skin or integument of an
animal. (b) The innermost layer of the
blastoderm and the structures derived from it; the hypoblast; the
entoblast. See Illust. of Ectoderm.
{ En`do*der"mal (?),
En`do*der"mic (?), } a.
(Biol.) Of or pertaining to the endoderm.
\'d8En`do*der"mis (?), n. [NL.
See Endoderm.] (Bot.) A layer of
cells forming a kind of cuticle inside of the proper cortical
layer, or surrounding an individual fibrovascular bundle.
En*dog"a*mous (?), a.
[Endo- + Gr. / marriage.] Marrying
within the same tribe; -- opposed to exogamous.
En*dog"a*my (?), n. Marriage
only within the tribe; a custom restricting a man in his choice
of a wife to the tribe to which he belongs; -- opposed to
exogamy.
En"do*gen (?), n.
[Endo- + -gen: cf. F.
endog\'8ane.] (Bot.) A plant
which increases in size by internal growth and elongation at the
summit, having the wood in the form of bundles or threads,
irregularly distributed throughout the whole diameter, not
forming annual layers, and with no distinct pith. The leaves of
the endogens have, usually, parallel veins, their flowers are
mostly in three, or some multiple of three, parts, and their
embryos have but a single cotyledon, with the first leaves
alternate. The endogens constitute one of the great primary
classes of plants, and included all palms, true lilies, grasses,
rushes, orchids, the banana, pineapple, etc. See
Exogen.
\'d8En`do*gen"e*sis (?), n.
[Endo- + genesis.]
(Biol.) Endogeny.
En`do*ge*net"ic (?), a.
(Biol.) Endogenous.
En*dog"e*nous (?), a. 1.
(Bot.) Increasing by internal growth and
elongation at the summit, instead of externally, and having no
distinction of pith, wood, and bark, as the rattan, the palm, the
cornstalk.
2. (Biol.) Originating from within;
increasing by internal growth.
Endogenous multiplication (Biol.),
a method of cell formation, seen in cells having a cell wall.
The nucleus and protoplasm divide into two distinct masses; these
in turn become divided and subdivided, each division becoming a
new cell, until finally the original cell wall is ruptured and
the new cells are liberated (see Segmentation, and
Illust. of Cell Division, under
Division). This mode of growth is characteristic of many
forms of cells, both animal and vegetable.
En*dog"e*nous*ly, adv. By endogenous
growth.
En*dog"e*ny (?), n. [See
Endogenesis.] (Biol.) Growth from
within; multiplication of cells by endogenous division, as in the
development of one or more cells in the interior of a parent
cell.
En"dog*nath (?), n.
[Endo- + Gr. / the jaw.]
(Zo\'94l.) The inner or principal branch of the
oral appendages of Crustacea. See Maxilla.
En*dog"na*thal (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the endognath.
En"do*lymph (?), n.
[Endo- + lymph: cf. F.
endolymphe.] (Anat.) The watery
fluid contained in the membranous labyrinth of the internal
ear.
En"do*lym*phan"gi*al (?), a.
[Endo- + lymphangial.]
(Anat.) Within a lymphatic vessel.
En"do*lym*phat"ic (?), a.
[Endo- + lymphatic.]
(Anat.) (a) Pertaining to, or
containing, endolymph; as, the endolymphatic
duct. (b) Within a lymphatic vessel;
endolymphangial.
En*dome" (?), v. t. To cover as
with a dome.
\'d8En`do*me*tri"tis (?), n.
[NL. See Endometrium, and -itis.]
(Med.) Inflammation of the endometrium.
\'d8En`do*me"tri*um (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / within + / the womb.]
(Anat.) The membrane lining the inner surface of
the uterus, or womb.
En"do*morph (?), n.
[Endo- + Gr. / form.] (Min.)
A crystal of one species inclosed within one of another, as
one of rutile inclosed in quartz.
\'d8En`do*my"si*um (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / within + / a muscle.]
(Anat.) The delicate bands of connective tissue
interspersed among muscular fibers.
\'d8En`do*neu"ri*um (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / within + / a sinew, nerve.]
(Anat.) The delicate bands of connective tissue
among nerve fibers.
En`do*par"a*site (?), n.
[Endo- + parasite.]
(Zo\'94l.) Any parasite which lives in the
internal organs of an animal, as the tapeworms, Trichina, etc.;
-- opposed to ectoparasite. See
Entozo\'94n. --
En`do*par`a*sit"ic (#),
a.
<-- p. 491 -->
\'d8En`do*phl/"um (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / within + / bark.]
(Bot.) The inner layer of the bark of
trees.
\'d8En`do*phrag"ma (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / + / a fence.]
(Zo\'94l.) A chitinous structure above the
nervous cord in the thorax of certain Crustacea.
En`do*phrag"mal (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the
endophragma.
En*doph"yl*lous (?), a.
[Endo- + Gr. / leaf.] (Bot.)
Wrapped up within a leaf or sheath.
En"do*plasm (?), n.
[Endo- + Gr. / anything formed or
molded.] (Biol.) The protoplasm in the
interior of a cell.
\'d8En`do*plas"ma (?), n. [NL.
See Endoplasm.] (Biol.) Same as
Entoplasm and Endosarc.
En"do*plast (?), n.
[Endo- + Gr. / to form.]
(Biol.) See Nucleus.
\'d8En`do*plas"ti*ca (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / within + / plastic.]
(Zo\'94l.) A group of Rhizopoda having a distinct
nucleus, as the am/ba.
En`do*plas"tule (?; 135), n. [A
dim. fr. endo- + Gr. / to mold.]
(Biol.) See Nucleolus.
\'d8En`do*pleu"ra, n. [NL., fr. Gr. /
within + / rib, side. See Pleura.]
(Bot.) The inner coating of a seed. See
Tegmen.
En`do*pleu"rite (?), n.
[Endo- + Gr. / a rib.]
(Zo\'94l.) The portion of each apodeme developed
from the interepimeral membrane in certain crustaceans.
En*dop"o*dite (?), n.
[Endo- + Gr. /, /, a foot.]
(Zo\'94l.) The internal or principal branch of
the locomotive appendages of Crustacea. See
Maxilliped.
\'d8En`do*rhi"za (?), n.; pl.
Endorhiz\'91 (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
/ within + / root.] (Bot.) Any
monocotyledonous plant; -- so named because many monocotyledons
have an endorhizal embryo.
Endorhiza was proposed by Richard as a
substitute for the term endogen, and
exorhiza as a substitute for the term
exogen; but they have not been generally
adopted.
{ En`do*rhi"zal (?),
En`do*rhi"zous (?), } a.
(Bot.) Having the radicle of the embryo sheathed
by the cotyledon, through which the embryo bursts in germination,
as in many monocotyledonous plants.
En*dorse" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Endorsed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Endorsing.] [Formerly
endosse, fr. F. endosser to put on the
back, to endorse; pref. en- (L. in) +
dos back, L. dorsum. See Dorsal,
and cf. Indorse.] Same as
Indorse.
endorse and indorse are
used by good writers; but the tendency is to the more general use
of indorse and its derivatives indorsee,
indorser, and indorsement.
En*dorse", n. (Her.) A
subordinary, resembling the pale, but of one fourth its width
(according to some writers, one eighth).
En`dor*see" (?), n. Same as
Indorsee.
En*dorse"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
endossement.] Same as
Indorsement.
En*dors"er (?), n. Same as
Indorser.
En"do*sarc (?), n.
[Endo- + Gr. /, /, flesh.]
(Biol.) The semifluid, granular interior of
certain unicellular organisms, as the inner layer of sarcode in
the am\'d2ba; entoplasm; endoplasta.
En"do*scope (?), n.
[Endo- + -scope.]
(Med.) An instrument for examining the interior
of the rectum, the urethra, and the bladder.
En*dos"co*py (?), n.
(Med.) The art or process of examining by means
of the endoscope.
En`do*skel"e*tal (?), a.
(Anat.) Pertaining to, or connected with, the
endoskeleton; as, endoskeletal muscles.
En`do*skel"e*ton (?), n.
[Endo- + skeleton.]
(Anat.) The bony, cartilaginous, or other
internal framework of an animal, as distinguished from the
exoskeleton.
En`dos*mom"e*ter (?), n.
[Endosmose + -meter.]
(Physics) An instrument for measuring the force
or amount of endosmotic action.
En*dos`mo*met"ric (?), a.
Pertaining to, or designed for, the measurement of
endosmotic action.
{ En"dos*mose` (?), En`dos*mo"sis
(?), } n. [NL.
endosmosis, fr. Gr. / within + / a thrusting,
impulsion, fr. / to push: cf. F. endosmose.]
(Physics) The transmission of a fluid or gas from
without inward in the phenomena, or by the process, of
osmose.
En`dos*mos"mic (?), a.
Endosmotic.
En`dos*mot"ic (?), a.
Pertaining to endosmose; of the nature endosmose;
osmotic.
Carpenter.
En"do*sperm (?), n.
[Endo- + Gr. / seed.] (Bot.)
The albumen of a seed; -- limited by recent writers to that
formed within the embryo sac.
En`do*sper"mic (?), a.
(Bot.) Relating to, accompanied by, or
containing, endosperm.
En"do*spore (?), n.
[Endo- + spore.]
(Bot.) The thin inner coat of certain
spores.
En`do*spor"ous (?), a.
(Bot.) Having the spores contained in a case; --
applied to fungi.
En*doss" (?; 115), v. t. [F.
endosser. See Endorse.] To put
upon the back or outside of anything; -- the older spelling of
endorse. [Obs.]
Spenser.
En*dos"te*al (?), a.
(Physiol.) Relating to endostosis; as,
endosteal ossification.
En`do*ster"nite (?), n.
[Endo- + sternum.]
(Zo\'94l.) The part of each apodeme derived from
the intersternal membrane in Crustacea and insects.
\'d8En*dos"te*um (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / + / a bone.] (Anat.) The
layer of vascular connective tissue lining the medullary cavities
of bone.
\'d8En*dos"to*ma (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / + /, /, the mouth.] (Zo\'94l.)
A plate which supports the labrum in certain
Crustacea.
En"do*stome (?), n. [See
Endostoma.]
1. (Bot.) The foramen or passage through
the inner integument of an ovule.
2. (Zo\'94l.) And endostoma.
En`dos*to"sis (?), n. [NL. See
Endo-, and Ostosis.]
(Physiol.) A process of bone formation in which
ossification takes place within the substance of the
cartilage.
En"do*style (?), n.
[Endo- + Gr. / a pillar.]
(Zo\'94l.) A fold of the endoderm, which projects
into the blood cavity of ascidians. See Tunicata.
\'d8En`do*the"ca (?), n. [NL.,
from Gr. / within + / a case, box, fr. / to place.]
(Zo\'94l.) The tissue which partially fills the
interior of the interseptal chambers of most madreporarian
corals. It usually consists of a series of oblique tranverse
septa, one above another. --
En`do*the"cal (#),
a.
\'d8En`do*the"ci*um (?), n.
[NL. See Endotheca.] (Bot.)
The inner lining of an another cell.
En`do*the"li*al (?), a.
(Anat.) Of, or relating to, endothelium.
\'d8En`do*the"li*um (?), n.;
pl. Endothelia (#). [NL., fr.
Gr. / within + / nipple.] (Anat.) The
thin epithelium lining the blood vessels, lymphatics, and serous
cavities. See Epithelium.
En`do*the"loid (?), a.
[Endothelium + -oid.]
(Anat.) Like endothelium.
En`do*tho"rax (?), n.
[Endo- + thorax.]
(Zo\'94l.) An internal process of the sternal
plates in the thorax of insects.
En*dow" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Endowed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Endowing.] [OF. endouer;
pref. en- (L. in) + F. douer to
endow, L. dotare. See Dower, and cf. 2d
Endue.]
1. To furnish with money or its equivalent, as a
permanent fund for support; to make pecuniary provision for; to
settle an income upon; especially, to furnish with dower; as,
to endow a wife; to endow a public
institution.
Endowing hospitals and almshouses.
Bp. Stillingfleet.
2. To enrich or furnish with anything of the nature
of a gift (as a quality or faculty); -- followed by
with, rarely by of; as, man is
endowed by his Maker with reason; to endow with
privileges or benefits.
En*dow"er (?), v. t. [Cf. OF.
endouairer. See Dower, Endow.]
To endow. [Obs.]
Waterhouse.
En*dow"er, n. One who endows.
En*dow"ment (?), n.
1. The act of bestowing a dower, fund, or permanent
provision for support.
2. That which is bestowed or settled on a person or
an institution; property, fund, or revenue permanently
appropriated to any object; as, the endowment of a
church, a hospital, or a college.
3. That which is given or bestowed upon the person
or mind; gift of nature; accomplishment; natural capacity;
talents; -- usually in the plural.
His early endowments had fitted him for the work he
was to do.
I. Taylor.
\'d8En`do*zo"a (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / within + / an animal.]
(Zo\'94l.) See Entozoa.
En*drudge" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + drudge.] To make a drudge
or slave of. [Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
En*due" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Endued (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Enduing.]
[L. induere, prob. confused with E.
endow. See Indue.] To
invest.
Latham.
Tarry ye in the city of Jerusalem, until ye be
endued with power from on high.
Luke xxiv. 49.
Endue them . . . with heavenly gifts.
Book of Common Prayer.
En*due", v. t. An older spelling of
Endow.
Tillotson.
En*due"ment (?), n. Act of
enduing; induement.
En*dur"a*ble (?), a. [Cf. OF.
endurable. See Endure.] Capable of
being endured or borne; sufferable. Macaulay. --
En*dur"a*ble*ness, n.
En*dur"a*bly, adv. In an endurable
manner.
En*dur"ance (?), n. [Cf. OF.
endurance. See Endure.]
1. A state or quality of lasting or duration;
lastingness; continuance.
Slurring with an evasive answer the question concerning the
endurance of his own possession.
Sir W. Scott.
2. The act of bearing or suffering; a continuing
under pain or distress without resistance, or without being
overcome; sufferance; patience.
Their fortitude was most admirable in their patience and
endurance of all evils, of pain and of death.
Sir W. Temple.
Syn. -- Suffering; patience; fortitude; resignation.
En*dur"ant (?), a. Capable of
enduring fatigue, pain, hunger, etc.
The ibex is a remarkably endurant animal.
J. G. Wood.
En*dure" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Endured
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Enduring
(?).] [F. endurer; pref.
en- (L. in) + durer to last. See
Dure, v. i., and cf.
Indurate.]
1. To continue in the same state without perishing;
to last; to remain.
Their verdure still endure.
Shak.
He shall hold it [his house] fast, but it shall not
endure.
Job viii. 15.
2. To remain firm, as under trial or suffering; to
suffer patiently or without yielding; to bear up under adversity;
to hold out.
Can thine heart endure, or can thine hands be
strong in the days that I shall deal with thee?
Ezek. xxii. 14.
En*dure", v. t. 1. To remain
firm under; to sustain; to undergo; to support without breaking
or yielding; as, metals endure a certain degree of
heat without melting; to endure wind and
weather.
Both were of shining steel, and wrought so pure,
As might the strokes of two such arms endure.
Dryden.
2. To bear with patience; to suffer without
opposition or without sinking under the pressure or affliction;
to bear up under; to put up with; to tolerate.
I will no longer endure it.
Shak.
Therefore I endure all things for the elect's
sake.
2 Tim. ii. 10.
How can I endure to see the evil that shall come
unto my people?
Esther viii. 6.
3. To harden; to toughen; to make hardy.
[Obs.]
Manly limbs endured with little ease.
Spenser.
Syn. -- To last; remain; continue; abide; brook; submit to;
suffer.
En*dure"ment (?), n. [Cf. OF.
endurement.] Endurance.
[Obs.]
South.
En*dur"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, endures or lasts; one who bears, suffers, or
sustains.
En*dur"ing, a. Lasting; durable;
long-suffering; as, an enduring
disposition. \'bdA better and enduring
substance.\'b8 Heb. x. 34. --
En*dur"ing*ly, adv. T.
Arnold. -- En*dur"ing*ness,
n.
{ End"ways` (?), End"wise
(?), } adv.
1. On end; erectly; in an upright position.
2. With the end forward.
\'d8En"dy*ma (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. / a garment.] (Anat.) See
Ependyma.
\'d8En"dy*sis (?), n.; pl.
Endyses (#). [NL., fr. Gr. / a
putting on, fr. / to put on.] (Biol.) The
act of developing a new coat of hair, a new set of feathers,
scales, etc.; -- opposed to ecdysis.
En"e*cate (?), v. t. [L.
enecatus, p. p. of enecare; e
out, utterly + necare to kill.] To kill
off; to destroy. [Obs.]
Harvey.
E*ne"id (?), n. Same as
\'92neid.
En"e*ma (?), n.; pl. L.
Enemata (#). [L. enema,
Gr. /, fr. / to send in; / in + / to send.]
(Med.) An injection, or clyster, thrown into the
rectum as a medicine, or to impart nourishment.
Hoblyn.
En"e*my (?), n.; pl.
Enemies (#). [OF.
enemi, F. ennemi, from L.
inimicus; in- (negative) +
amicus friend. See Amicable.] One
hostile to another; one who hates, and desires or attempts the
injury of, another; a foe; an adversary; as, an
enemy of or to a person; an enemy to truth, or
to falsehood.
To all good he enemy was still.
Spenser.
I say unto you, Love your enemies.
Matt. v. 44.
The enemy (Mil.), the hostile
force. In this sense it is construed with the verb and pronoun
either in the singular or the plural, but more commonly in the
singular; as, we have met the enemy and he is
ours or they are ours.
It was difficult in such a country to track the
enemy. It was impossible to drive him to bay.
Macaulay.
Syn. -- Foe; antagonist; opponent. See
Adversary.
En"e*my, a. Hostile; inimical.
[Obs.]
They . . . every day grow more enemy to God.
Jer. Taylor.
En*ep`i*der"mic (?), a. [Pref.
en- (Gr. /) + epidermic.]
(Med.) Applied to the skin without friction; --
said of medicines.
{ En`er*get"ic (?),
En`er*get"ic*al (?), } a.
[Gr. /, fr. / to work, be active, fr. / active. See
Energy.]
1. Having energy or energies; possessing a capacity
for vigorous action or for exerting force; active. \'bdA
Being eternally energetic.\'b8
Grew.
2. Exhibiting energy; operating with force, vigor,
and effect; forcible; powerful; efficacious; as,
energetic measures; energetic laws.
Syn. -- Forcible; powerful; efficacious; potent; vigorous;
effective; strenuous.
-- En`er*get"ic*al*ly, adv. --
En`er*get"ic*al*ness, n.
En`er*get"ics (?), n. That
branch of science which treats of the laws governing the physical
or mechanical, in distinction from the vital, forces, and which
comprehends the consideration and general investigation of the
whole range of the forces concerned in physical phenomena.
[R.]
{ En*er"gic (?), En*er"gic*al
(?), } a. [Cf. F.
\'82nergique.]
1. In a state of action; acting; operating.
2. Having energy or great power; energetic.
The energic faculty that we call will.
Blackw. Mag.
En"er*gize (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Energized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Energizing
(?).] [From Energy.]
To use strength in action; to act or operate with force or
vigor; to act in producing an effect.
Of all men it is true that they feel and energize
first, they reflect and judge afterwards.
J. C. Shairp.
En"er*gize, v. t. To give strength or
force to; to make active; to alacrify; as, to
energize the will.
En"er*gi`zer (?), n. One who,
or that which, gives energy, or acts in producing an
effect.
En"er*gi`zing (?), a. Capable
of imparting or exercising energy.
Those nobler exercises of energizing love.
Bp. Horsley.
En`er*gu"men (?), n. [L.
energumenos, fr. Gr. / possessed by an evil spirit,
from /: cf. F. \'82nergum\'8ane. See
Energetic.] (Eccl. Antiq.) One
possessed by an evil spirit; a demoniac.
En"er*gy (?), n.; pl.
Energies (#). [F.
\'82nergie, LL. energia, fr. Gr./, fr.
/ active; / in + / work. See In, and
Work.]
1. Internal or inherent power; capacity of acting,
operating, or producing an effect, whether exerted or not;
as, men possessing energies may suffer them to lie
inactive.
The great energies of nature are known to us only
by their effects.
Paley.
2. Power efficiently and forcibly exerted; vigorous
or effectual operation; as, the energy of a
magistrate.
3. Strength of expression; force of utterance;
power to impress the mind and arouse the feelings; life; spirit;
-- said of speech, language, words, style; as, a style full
of energy.
4. (Physics) Capacity for performing
work.
kinetic energy of a body is the
energy it has in virtue of being in motion. It is measured by one
half of the product of the mass of each element of the body
multiplied by the square of the velocity of the element, relative
to some given body or point. The available kinetic
energy of a material system unconnected with any other
system is that energy which is due to the motions of the parts of
the system relative to its center of mass. The potential
energy of a body or system is that energy which is not
kinetic; -- energy due to configuration. Kinetic
energy is sometimes called actual energy.
Kinetic energy is exemplified in the vis
viva of moving bodies, in heat, electric currents, etc.;
potential energy, in a bent spring, or a body
suspended a given distance above the earth and acted on by
gravity.
<-- p. 492 -->
Accumulation, Conservation,
Correlation, Degradation of
energy, etc. (Physics) See under
Accumulation, Conservation,
Correlation, etc.
Syn. -- Force; power; potency; vigor; strength; spirit;
efficiency; resolution.
E*ner"vate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enervated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enervating.] [L. enervatus,
p. p. of enervare, fr. enervis nerveless,
weak; e out + nervus nerve. See
Nerve.] To deprive of nerve, force, strength,
or courage; to render feeble or impotent; to make effeminate; to
impair the moral powers of.
A man . . . enervated by licentiousness.
Macaulay.
And rhyme began t' enervate poetry.
Dryden.
Syn. -- To weaken; enfeeble; unnerve; debilitate.
E*ner"vate (?), a. [L.
enervatus, p. p.] Weakened; weak; without
strength of force.
Pope.
En`er*va"tion (?), n. [L.
enervatio: cf. F. \'82nervation.]
1. The act of weakening, or reducing
strength.
2. The state of being weakened; effeminacy.
Bacon.
E*ner"va*tive (?), a. Having
power, or a tendency, to enervate; weakening.
[R.]
E*nerve" (?), v. t. [Cf. F.
\'82nerver. See Enervate.] To
weaken; to enervate. [Obs.]
Milton.
E*nerv"ous (?), a. [L.
enervis, enervus.] Lacking nerve
or force; enervated. [R.]
En*fam"ish (?), v. t. To
famish; to starve.
En*fect" (?), a. [See
Infect, a.] Contaminated with
illegality. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
En*fee"ble (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enfeebled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Enfeebling
(?).] [OF. enfeblir,
enfeiblir; pref. en- (L. in) +
feble, F. faible, feeble. See
Feeble.] To make feeble; to deprive of
strength; to reduce the strength or force of; to weaken; to
debilitate.
Enfeebled by scanty subsistence and excessive
toil.
Prescott.
Syn. -- To weaken; debilitate; enervate.
En*fee"ble*ment (?), n. The act
of weakening; enervation; weakness.
En*fee"bler (?), n. One who, or
that which, weakens or makes feeble.
En*fee"blish, v. i. To enfeeble.
[Obs.]
Holland.
En*fel"oned (?), a. [Pref.
en- + felon: cf. OF.
enfelonner.] Rendered fierce or
frantic. [Obs.] \'bdLike one
enfeloned or distraught.\'b8
Spenser.
En*feoff" (?; see Feoff, 277), v.
t. [imp. & p. p. Enfeoffed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enfeoffing.] [Pref. en- +
feoff, fief: cf. LL. infeofare,
OF. enfeffer, enfeofer.]
1. (Law) To give a feud, or right in
land, to; to invest with a fief or fee; to invest (any one) with
a freehold estate by the process of feoffment.
Mozley & W.
2. To give in vassalage; to make subservient.
[Obs.]
[The king] enfeoffed himself to popularity.
Shak.
En*feoff"ment (?), n.
(Law) (a) The act of enfeoffing.
(b) The instrument or deed by which one is invested
with the fee of an estate.
En*fes"ter (?), v. t. To
fester. [Obs.] \'bdEnfestered
sores.\'b8
Davies (Holy Roode).
En*fet"ter (?), v. t. To bind
in fetters; to enchain. \'bdEnfettered to her
love.\'b8
Shak.
En*fe"ver (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + fever: cf. F.
enfi\'82vrer.] To excite fever in.
[R.]
A. Seward.
En*fierce" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enfierced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Enfiercing
(?).] To make fierce.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
En`fi*lade" (?; 277), n. [F.,
fr. enfiler to thread, go trough a street or square,
rake with shot; pref. en- (L. in) +
fil thread. See File a row.]
1. A line or straight passage, or the position of
that which lies in a straight line. [R.]
2. (Mil.) A firing in the direction of
the length of a trench, or a line of parapet or troops, etc.; a
raking fire.
En`fi*lade", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Enfiladed; p. pr. & vb. n.
Enfilading.] (Mil.) To
pierce, scour, or rake with shot in the direction of the length
of, as a work, or a line of troops.
Campbell.
En*filed" (?), p. a. [F.
enfiler to pierce, thread.] (Her.)
Having some object, as the head of a man or beast, impaled
upon it; as, a sword which is said to be \'bdenfiled
of\'b8 the thing which it pierces.
En*fire" (?), v. t. To set on
fire. [Obs.]
Spenser.
En*flesh" (?), v. t. To clothe
with flesh. [Obs.]
Vices which are . . . enfleshed in him.
Florio.
En*flow"er (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enflowered
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enflowering.] To cover or deck with
flowers. [Poetic]
These odorous and enflowered fields.
B. Jonson.
En*fold" (?), v. t. To infold.
See Infold.
En*fold"ment (?), n. The act of
infolding. See Infoldment.
En*force" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enforced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Enforcing
(?).] [OF. enforcier to
strengthen, force, F. enforcir; pref. en-
(L. in) + F. force. See
Force.]
1. To put force upon; to force; to constrain; to
compel; as, to enforce obedience to
commands.
Inward joy enforced my heart to smile.
Shak.
2. To make or gain by force; to obtain by force;
as, to enforce a passage.
\'bdEnforcing furious way.\'b8
Spenser.
3. To put in motion or action by violence; to
drive.
As swift as stones
Enforced from the old Assyrian slings.
Shak.
4. To give force to; to strengthen; to invigorate;
to urge with energy; as, to enforce arguments or
requests.
Enforcing sentiment of the thrust humanity.
Burke.
5. To put in force; to cause to take effect; to
give effect to; to execute with vigor; as, to
enforce the laws.
6. To urge; to ply hard; to lay much stress
upon.
Enforce him with his envy to the people.
Shak.
En*force (?), v. i.
1. To attempt by force. [Obs.]
2. To prove; to evince. [R.]
Hooker.
3. To strengthen; to grow strong.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
En*force", n. Force; strength;
power. [Obs.]
A petty enterprise of small enforce.
Milton.
En*force"a*ble (?), a. Capable
of being enforced.
En*forced" (?), a. Compelled;
forced; not voluntary. \'bdEnforced wrong.\'b8
\'bdEnforced smiles.\'b8 Shak. --
En*for"ced*ly, adv.
Shak.
En*force"ment (?), n. [Cf. OF.
enforcement.]
1. The act of enforcing; compulsion.
He that contendeth against these enforcements may
easily master or resist them.
Sir W. Raleigh.
Confess 't was hers, and by what rough enforcement
You got it from her.
Shak.
2. A giving force to; a putting in execution.
Enforcement of strict military discipline.
Palfrey.
3. That which enforces, constraints, gives force,
authority, or effect to; constraint; force applied.
The rewards and punishment of another life, which the Almighty
has established as the enforcements of his law.
Locke.
En*for"cer (?), n. One who
enforces.
En*for"ci*ble (?), a. That may
be enforced.
En*for"cive (?), a. Serving to
enforce or constrain; compulsive. Marsion. --
En*for"cive*ly, adv.
En*for"est (?), v. t. To turn
into a forest.
En*form" (?), v. t. [F.
enformer. See Inform.] To form; to
fashion. [Obs.]
Spenser.
En*foul"dred (?), a. [Pref.
en- + OF. fouldre, foldre,
lightning, F. foudre, L. fulgur.]
Mixed with, or emitting, lightning.
[Obs.] \'bdWith foul enfouldred
smoke.\'b8
Spenser.
En*frame" (?), v. t. To
inclose, as in a frame.
En*fran"chise (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enfranchised
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Enfranchising
(?).] [Pref. en- +
franchise: cf. F. enfranchir.]
1. To set free; to liberate from slavery, prison,
or any binding power.
Bacon.
2. To endow with a franchise; to incorporate into a
body politic and thus to invest with civil and political
privileges; to admit to the privileges of a freeman.
3. To receive as denizens; to naturalize; as,
to enfranchise foreign words.
I. Watts.
En*fran"chise*ment (?), n.
1. Releasing from slavery or custody.
Shak.
2. Admission to the freedom of a corporation or
body politic; investiture with the privileges of free
citizens.
Enfranchisement of copyhold (Eng. Law),
the conversion of a copyhold estate into a
freehold.
Mozley & W.
En*fran"chis*er (?), n. One who
enfranchises.
En*free" (?), v. t. To set
free. [Obs.] \'bdThe enfreed
Antenor.\'b8
Shak.
En*free"dom (?), v. t. To set
free. [Obs.]
Shak.
En*freeze" (?), v. t. To
freeze; to congeal. [Obs.]
Thou hast enfrozened her disdainful breast.
Spenser.
En*fro"ward (?), v. t. To make
froward, perverse, or ungovernable. [Obs.]
Sir E. Sandys.
En*gage" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Engaged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Engaging
(?).] [F. engager; pref.
en- (L. in) + gage pledge, pawn.
See Gage.]
1. To put under pledge; to pledge; to place under
obligations to do or forbear doing something, as by a pledge,
oath, or promise; to bind by contract or promise. \'bdI to
thee engaged a prince's word.\'b8
Shak.
2. To gain for service; to bring in as associate or
aid; to enlist; as, to engage friends to aid in a
cause; to engage men for service.
3. To gain over; to win and attach; to attract and
hold; to draw.
Good nature engages everybody to him.
Addison.
4. To employ the attention and efforts of; to
occupy; to engross; to draw on.
Thus shall mankind his guardian care engage.
Pope.
Taking upon himself the difficult task of engaging
him in conversation.
Hawthorne.
5. To enter into contest with; to encounter; to
bring to conflict.
A favorable opportunity of engaging the enemy.
Ludlow.
6. (Mach.) To come into gear with;
as, the teeth of one cogwheel engage those of
another, or one part of a clutch engages the other
part.
En*gage", v. i.
1. To promise or pledge one's self; to enter into
an obligation; to become bound; to warrant.
How proper the remedy for the malady, I engage
not.
Fuller.
2. To embark in a business; to take a part; to
employ or involve one's self; to devote attention and effort; to
enlist; as, to engage in controversy.
3. To enter into conflict; to join battle; as,
the armies engaged in a general battle.
4. (Mach.) To be in gear, as two
cogwheels working together.
En*gaged" (?), a.
1. Occupied; employed; busy.
2. Pledged; promised; especially, having the
affections pledged; promised in marriage; affianced;
betrothed.
3. Greatly interested; of awakened zeal;
earnest.
4. Involved; esp., involved in a hostile encounter;
as, the engaged ships continued the
fight.
Engaged column. (Arch.) Same as
Attached column. See under Attach, v.
t.
En*ga"ged*ly (?), adv. With
attachment; with interest; earnestly.
En*ga"ged*ness, n. The state of being
deeply interested; earnestness; zeal.
En*gage"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
engagement.]
1. The act of engaging, pledging, enlisting,
occupying, or entering into contest.
2. The state of being engaged, pledged or occupied;
specif., a pledge to take some one as husband or wife.
3. That which engages; engrossing occupation;
employment of the attention; obligation by pledge, promise, or
contract; an enterprise embarked in; as, his
engagements prevented his acceptance of any
office.
Religion, which is the chief engagement of our
league.
Milton.
4. (Mil.) An action; a fight; a
battle.
In hot engagement with the Moors.
Dryden.
5. (Mach.) The state of being in gear;
as, one part of a clutch is brought into engagement
with the other part.
Syn. -- Vocation; business; employment; occupation; promise;
stipulation; betrothal; word; battle; combat; fight; contest;
conflict. See Battle.
En*ga"ger (?), n. One who
enters into an engagement or agreement; a surety.
Several sufficient citizens were engagers.
Wood.
En*ga"ging (?), a. Tending to
draw the attention or affections; attractive; as,
engaging manners or address. --
En*ga"ging*ly, adv. --
En*ga"ging*ness, n.
Engaging and disengaging gear , that in which, or by means of which,
one part is alternately brought into gear or out of gear with
another part, as occasion may require.
En*gal"lant (?), v. t. To make
a gallant of. [Obs.]
B. Jonson.
En*gaol" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + gaol: cf. OF. engaoler,
engeoler. See Gaol, and cf.
Enjail.] To put in jail; to imprison.
[Obs.]
Shak.
En*gar"boil (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + garboil.] To throw into
disorder; to disturb. [Obs.] \'bdTo
engarboil the church.\'b8
Bp. Montagu.
En*gar"land (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + garland: cf. F.
enguirlander.] To encircle with a garland,
or with garlands.
Sir P. Sidney.
En*gar"ri*son (?), v. t. To
garrison; to put in garrison, or to protect by a garrison.
Bp. Hall.
En*gas"tri*muth (?), n. [Gr.
/; / in + / belly + / to speak: cf. F.
engastrimythe.] An ventriloquist.
[Obs.]
En*gen"der (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Engendered
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engendering.] [F. engender,
L. ingenerare; in + generare to beget. See
Generate, and cf. Ingenerate.]
1. To produce by the union of the sexes; to
beget. [R.]
2. To cause to exist; to bring forth; to produce;
to sow the seeds of; as, angry words engender
strife.
Engendering friendship in all parts of the common
wealth.
Southey.
Syn. -- To breed; generate; procreate; propagate; occasion;
call forth; cause; excite; develop.
En*gen"der, v. i.
1. To assume form; to come into existence; to be
caused or produced.
Thick clouds are spread, and storms engender
there.
Dryden.
2. To come together; to meet, as in sexual
embrace. \'bdI saw their mouths engender.\'b8
Massinger.
En*gen"der (?), n. One who, or
that which, engenders.
En`gen*drure" (?), n. [OF.
engendreure.] The act of generation.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
En*gild" (?), v. t. To gild; to
make splendent.
Fair Helena, who most engilds the night.
Shak.
En"gine (?), n. [F.
engin skill, machine, engine, L. ingenium
natural capacity, invention; in in + the root of
gignere to produce. See Genius, and cf.
Ingenious, Gin a snare.]
1. (Pronounced, in this sense, ////.)
Natural capacity; ability; skill. [Obs.]
A man hath sapiences three,
Memory, engine, and intellect also.
Chaucer.
2. Anything used to effect a purpose; any device or
contrivance; an agent.
Shak.
You see the ways the fisherman doth take
To catch the fish; what engines doth he make?
Bunyan.
Their promises, enticements, oaths, tokens, and all these
engines of lust.
Shak.
3. Any instrument by which any effect is produced;
especially, an instrument or machine of war or torture.
\'bdTerrible engines of death.\'b8
Sir W. Raleigh.
4. (Mach.) A compound machine by which
any physical power is applied to produce a given physical
effect.
Engine driver, one who manages an engine;
specifically, the engineer of a locomotive. -- Engine
lathe. (Mach.) See under
Lathe. -- Engine tool, a machine
tool. J. Whitworth. -- Engine turning
(Fine Arts), a method of ornamentation by means of
a rose engine.
engine is more commonly applied
to massive machines, or to those giving power, or which produce
some difficult result. Engines, as motors, are distinguished
according to the source of power, as steam engine,
air engine, electro-magnetic engine; or the
purpose on account of which the power is applied, as fire
engine, pumping engine, locomotive
engine; or some peculiarity of construction or operation,
as single-acting or double-acting engine,
high-pressure or low-pressure engine,
condensing engine, etc.
En"gine, v. t.
1. To assault with an engine.
[Obs.]
To engine and batter our walls.
T. Adams.
2. To equip with an engine; -- said especially of
steam vessels; as, vessels are often built by one firm and
engined by another.
3. (Pronounced, in this sense, /////.) To
rack; to torture. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
En`gi*neer" (?), n. [OE.
enginer: cf. OF. engignier, F.
ing\'82nieur. See Engine,
n.]
1. A person skilled in the principles and practice
of any branch of engineering. See under Engineering,
n.
2. One who manages as engine, particularly a steam
engine; an engine driver.
3. One who carries through an enterprise by
skillful or artful contrivance; an efficient manager.
[Colloq.]
Civil engineer, a person skilled in the
science of civil engineering. -- Military
engineer, one who executes engineering works of a
military nature. See under Engineering.
<-- p. 493 -->
En`gi*neer" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Engineered
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engineering.]
1. To lay out or construct, as an engineer; to
perform the work of an engineer on; as, to engineer
a road.
J. Hamilton.
2. To use contrivance and effort for; to guide the
course of; to manage; as, to engineer a bill through
Congress. [Colloq.]
En`gi*neer"ing, n. Originally, the art
of managing engines; in its modern and extended sense, the art
and science by which the mechanical properties of matter are made
useful to man in structures and machines; the occupation and work
of an engineer.
architecture as a mechanical art, in distinction from
architecture as a fine art. It was formerly divided into
military engineering, which is the art of designing
and constructing offensive and defensive works, and civil
engineering, in a broad sense, as relating to other kinds
of public works, machinery, etc. -- Civil engineering,
in modern usage, is strictly the art of planning, laying out, and
constructing fixed public works, such as railroads, highways,
canals, aqueducts, water works, bridges, lighthouses, docks,
embankments, breakwaters, dams, tunnels, etc. -- Mechanical
engineering relates to machinery, such as steam engines,
machine tools, mill work, etc. -- Mining engineering
deals with the excavation and working of mines, and the
extraction of metals from their ores, etc. Engineering
is further divided into steam engineering, gas engineering,
agricultural engineering, topographical engineering, electrical
engineering, etc.
En"gine*man (?), n.; pl.
Enginemen (/). A man who
manages, or waits on, an engine.
En"gin*er (?), n. [See
Engineer.] A contriver; an inventor; a
contriver of engines. [Obs.]
Shak.
En"gine*ry (?), n.
1. The act or art of managing engines, or
artillery.
Milton.
2. Engines, in general; instruments of war.
Training his devilish enginery.
Milton.
3. Any device or contrivance; machinery; structure
or arrangement.
Shenstone.
En"gine-sized` (?), a. Sized by
a machine, and not while in the pulp; -- said of paper.
Knight.
En"gi*nous (?), a. [OF.
engignos. See Ingenious.]
1. Pertaining to an engine.
[Obs.]
That one act gives, like an enginous wheel,
Motion to all.
Decker.
2. Contrived with care; ingenious.
[Obs.]
The mark of all enginous drifts.
B. Jonson.
En*gird" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Engirded or
Engirt (/); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engirding.] [Pref. en- +
gird. Cf. Ingirt.] To gird; to
encompass.
Shak.
En*gir"dle (?), v. t. To
surround as with a girdle; to girdle.
En*girt" (?), v. t. To
engird. [R.]
Collins.
En"gi*scope (?), n. [Gr. /
near + -scope.] (Opt.) A kind of
reflecting microscope. [Obs.]
En*glaimed" (?), a. [OE.
engleimen to smear, gleim birdlime, glue,
phlegm.] Clammy. [Obs.]
En"gle (?), n. [OE.
enghle to coax or cajole. Cf. Angle a hook,
one easily enticed, a gull, Ingle.] A
favorite; a paramour; an ingle. [Obs.]
B. Jonson.
En"gle, v. t. To cajole or coax, as
favorite. [Obs.]
I 'll presently go and engle some broker.
B. Jonson.
Eng"lish (?), a. [AS.
Englisc, fr. Engle, Angle,
Engles, Angles, a tribe of Germans from the southeast of
Sleswick, in Denmark, who settled in Britain and gave it the name
of England. Cf. Anglican.] Of or
pertaining to England, or to its inhabitants, or to the present
so-called Anglo-Saxon race.
English bond (Arch.) See 1st
Bond, n., 8. -- English
breakfast tea. See Congou. --
English horn. (Mus.) See Corno
Inglese. -- English walnut.
(Bot.) See under Walnut.
Eng"lish, n.
1. Collectively, the people of England; English
people or persons.
2. The language of England or of the English
nation, and of their descendants in America, India, and other
countries.
Anglo-Saxon, or, by many recent writers, Old
English. The second period dates from about 1150 to 1550
(or, if four periods be recognized, from about 1150 to 1350), and
is called Early English, Middle English, or
more commonly (as in the usage of this book), Old
English. During this period most of the inflections were
dropped, and there was a great addition of French words to the
language. The third period extends from about 1350 to 1550, and
is Middle English. During this period orthography
became comparatively fixed. The last period, from about 1550, is
called Modern English.
3. A kind of printing type, in size between Pica
and Great Primer. See Type.
The type called
English.
4. (Billiards) A twist or spinning
motion given to a ball in striking it that influences the
direction it will take after touching a cushion or another
ball.
The King's, ,
English. See under King.
Eng"lish, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Englished (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Englishing.]
1. To translate into the English language; to
Anglicize; hence, to interpret; to explain.
Those gracious acts . . . may be Englished more
properly, acts of fear and dissimulation.
Milton.
Caxton does not care to alter the French forms and words in
the book which he was Englishing.
T. L. K. Oliphant.
2. (Billiards) To strike (the cue ball)
in such a manner as to give it in addition to its forward motion
a spinning motion, that influences its direction after impact on
another ball or the cushion. [U.S.]
Eng"lish*a*ble (?), a. Capable
of being translated into, or expressed in, English.
Eng"lish*ism (?), n.
1. A quality or characteristic peculiar to the
English.
M. Arnold.
2. A form of expression peculiar to the English
language as spoken in England; an Anglicism.
Eng"lish*man (-man), n.;
pl. Englishmen (-men).
A native or a naturalized inhabitant of England.
Eng"lish*ry (?), n.
1. The state or privilege of being an
Englishman. [Obs.]
Cowell.
2. A body of English or people of English descent;
-- commonly applied to English people in Ireland.
A general massacre of the Englishry.
Macaulay.
Eng"lish*wom`an (?), n.; pl.
Englishwomen (/). Fem. of
Englishman.
Shak.
En*gloom" (?), v. t. To make
gloomy. [R.]
En*glue" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + glue: cf. F. engluer to
smear with birdlime.] To join or close fast together,
as with glue; as, a coffer well englued.
Gower.
En*glut" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Englutted
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Englutting
(?).] [Pref. en- +
glut: cf. F. engloutir.]
1. To swallow or gulp down.
[Obs.]
Shak.
2. To glut. [Obs.]
\'bdEnglutted with vanity.\'b8
Ascham.
En*gore" (?), v. t.
1. To gore; to pierce; to lacerate.
[Obs.]
Deadly engored of a great wild boar.
Spenser.
2. To make bloody. [Obs.]
Chapman.
En*gorge" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Engorged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Engorging
(?).] [Pref. en- +
gorge: cf. F. engorger to obstruct,
cram.]
1. To gorge; to glut.
Mir. for Mag.
2. To swallow with greediness or in large
quantities; to devour.
Spenser.
En*gorge", v. i. To feed with eagerness
or voracity; to stuff one's self with food.
Beaumont.
En*gorged" (?), p. a.
1. Swallowed with greediness, or in large
draughts.
2. (Med.) Filled to excess with blood or
other liquid; congested.
En*gorge"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
engorgement.]
1. The act of swallowing greedily; a devouring with
voracity; a glutting.
2. (Med.) An overfullness or obstruction
of the vessels in some part of the system; congestion.
Hoblyn.
3. (Metal.) The clogging of a blast
furnace.
En*gouled" (?), a. (Her.)
Partly swallowed; disappearing in the jaws of anything;
as, an infant engouled by a serpent; said also
of an ordinary, when its two ends to issue from the mouths of
lions, or the like; as, a bend engouled.
\'d8En`gou`l\'82e" (?), a. [F.,
p. p. of engouler to swallow up; pref. en-
(L. in) + gueule mouth.]
(Her.) Same as Engouled.
En*graff" (?), v. t. [See
Ingraft.] To graft; to fix deeply.
[Obs.]
En*graff"ment (?), n. See
Ingraftment. [Obs.]
En*graft" (?), v. t. See
Ingraft.
Shak.
{ En`graf*ta"tion (?),
En*graft"ment (?), } n.
The act of ingrafting; ingraftment. [R.]
En*grail" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Engrailed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engrailing.] [F.
engr\'88ler; pref. en- (L. in) +
gr\'88le hail. See Grail gravel.]
1. To variegate or spot, as with hail.
A caldron new engrailed with twenty hues.
Chapman.
2. (Her.) To indent with small curves.
See Engrailed.
En*grail", v. i. To form an edging or
border; to run in curved or indented lines.
Parnell.
En*grailed" (?), a.
(Her.) Indented with small concave curves, as the
edge of a bordure, bend, or the like.
En*grail"ment (?), n.
1. The ring of dots round the edge of a medal,
etc.
Brande & C.
2. (Her.) Indentation in curved lines,
as of a line of division or the edge of an ordinary.
En*grain" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Engrained
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engraining.] [Pref. en- +
grain. Cf. Ingrain.]
1. To dye in grain, or of a fast color. See
Ingrain.
Leaves engrained in lusty green.
Spenser.
2. To incorporate with the grain or texture of
anything; to infuse deeply. See Ingrain.
The stain hath become engrained by time.
Sir W. Scott.
3. To color in imitation of the grain of wood; to
grain. See Grain, v. t., 1.
En*grap"ple (?), v. t. & i. To
grapple. [Obs.]
En*grasp" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Engrasped
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engrasping.] To grasp; to grip.
[R.]
Spenser.
En*grave", v. t. [Pref. en- +
grave a tomb. Cf. Engrave to carve.]
To deposit in the grave; to bury. [Obs.]
\'bdTheir corses to engrave.\'b8
Spenser.
En*grave" (?), v. t.
[imp. Engraved (?);
p. p. Engraved or Engraven
(/); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engraving.] [Pref. en- +
grave to carve: cf. OF. engraver.]
1. To cut in; to make by incision.
[Obs.]
Full many wounds in his corrupted flesh
He did engrave.
Spenser.
2. To cut with a graving instrument in order to
form an inscription or pictorial representation; to carve
figures; to mark with incisions.
Like . . . . a signet thou engrave the two stones
with the names of the children of Israel.
Ex. xxviii. 11.
3. To form or represent by means of incisions upon
wood, stone, metal, or the like; as, to engrave an
inscription.
4. To impress deeply; to infix, as if with a
graver.
Engrave principles in men's minds.
Locke.
En*graved" (?), a.
1. Made by engraving or ornamented with
engraving.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Having the surface covered
with irregular, impressed lines.
En*grave"ment (?), n.
1. Engraving.
2. Engraved work. [R.]
Barrow.
En*grav"er (?), n. One who
engraves; a person whose business it is to produce engraved work,
especially on metal or wood.
En*grav"er*y (?), n. The trade
or work of an engraver. [R.]
Sir T. Browne.
En*grav"ing, n.
1. The act or art of producing upon hard material
incised or raised patterns, characters, lines, and the like;
especially, the art of producing such lines, etc., in the surface
of metal plates or blocks of wood. Engraving is used for the
decoration of the surface itself; also, for producing an
original, from which a pattern or design may be printed on
paper.
2. That which is engraved; an engraved plate.
3. An impression from an engraved plate, block of
wood, or other material; a print.
xylography;
on copper, chalcography; on stone
lithography. Engravings or prints take from wood
blocks are usually called wood cuts, those from stone,
lithographs.
En*greg"ge (?), v. t. [OF.
engregier, from (assumed) LL. ingreviare;
in + (assumed) grevis heavy, for L.
gravis. Cf. Aggravate.] To
aggravate; to make worse; to lie heavy on.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
En*grieve" (?), v. t. To
grieve. [Obs.]
Spenser.
En*gross" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Engrossed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engrossing.] [F., fr. pref.
en- (L. in) + gros gross,
grosse, n., an engrossed document: cf. OF.
engrossir, engroissier, to make thick,
large, or gross. See Gross.]
1. To make gross, thick, or large; to thicken; to
increase in bulk or quantity. [Obs.]
Waves . . . engrossed with mud.
Spenser.
Not sleeping, to engross his idle body.
Shak.
2. To amass. [Obs.]
To engross up glorious deeds on my behalf.
Shak.
3. To copy or write in a large hand (en
gross, i. e., in large); to write a fair copy of
in distinct and legible characters; as, to engross a
deed or like instrument on parchment.
Some period long past, when clerks engrossed their
stiff and formal chirography on more substantial materials.
Hawthorne.
Laws that may be engrossed on a finger nail.
De Quincey.
4. To seize in the gross; to take the whole of; to
occupy wholly; to absorb; as, the subject engrossed
all his thoughts.
5. To purchase either the whole or large quantities
of, for the purpose of enhancing the price and making a profit;
hence, to take or assume in undue quantity, proportion, or
degree; as, to engross commodities in market; to
engross power.
Engrossed bill (Legislation), one
which has been plainly engrossed on parchment, with all its
amendments, preparatory to final action on its passage. --
Engrossing hand (Penmanship), a fair,
round style of writing suitable for engrossing legal documents,
legislative bills, etc.
Syn. -- To absorb; swallow up; imbibe; consume; exhaust;
occupy; forestall; monopolize. See Absorb.
En*gross"er (?), n. 1.
One who copies a writing in large, fair characters.
2. One who takes the whole; a person who purchases
such quantities of articles in a market as to raise the price; a
forestaller.
Locke.
En*gross"ment (?), n.
1. The act of engrossing; as, the
engrossment of a deed.
Engrossments of power and favor.
Swift.
2. That which has been engrossed, as an instrument,
legislative bill, goods, etc.
En*guard" (?), v. t. To
surround as with a guard. [Obs.]
Shak.
En*gulf" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Engulfed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Engulfing.] [Pref. en- +
gulf: cf. OF. engolfer. Cf.
Ingulf.] To absorb or swallow up as in a
gulf.
It quite engulfs all human thought.
Young.
Syn. -- See Absorb.
En*gulf"ment (?), n. A
swallowing up as if in a gulf. [R.]
En*gyn" (?). Variant of
Engine. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
En*ha"lo (?), v. t. To surround
with a halo.
En*hance" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enhanced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Enhancing
(?).] [Norm. F. enhauncer,
enhaucer, OF. enhaleier,
enhaucier; pref. en- (L. in) +
haucier to lift, raise up, from an assumed L.
altiare, fr. L. altus high; cf. Pr.
enansar, enanzar, to advance, exalt, and E.
advance. See Altitude, and cf.
Hawser.]
1. To raise or lift up; to exalt.
[Obs.]
Wyclif.
Who, naught aghast, his mighty hand enhanced.
Spenser.
2. To advance; to augment; to increase; to
heighten; to make more costly or attractive; as, to
enhance the price of commodities; to enhance
beauty or kindness; hence, also, to render more heinous; to
aggravate; as, to enhance crime.
The reputation of ferocity enhanced the value of
their services, in making them feared as well as hated.
Southey.
En*hance", v. i. To be raised up; to
grow larger; as, a debt enhances rapidly by compound
interest.
En*hance"ment (?), n. The act
of increasing, or state of being increased; augmentation;
aggravation; as, the enhancement of value, price,
enjoyments, crime.
En*han"cer (?), n. One who
enhances; one who, or that which, raises the amount, price,
etc.
En*har"bor (?), v. t. To find
harbor or safety in; to dwell in or inhabit.
W. Browne.
En*hard"en (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + harden: cf. F. enhardir to
embolden.] To harden; to embolden.
[Obs.]
Howell.
{ En`har*mon"ic (?),
En`har*mon"ic*al (?), } a.
[Gr. / /, / fitting, accordant; / in + / harmony:
cf. F. enharmonique.]
<-- p. 494 -->
1. (Anc. Mus.) Of or pertaining to that
one of the three kinds of musical scale (diatonic, chromatic,
enharmonic) recognized by the ancient Greeks, which consisted of
quarter tones and major thirds, and was regarded as the most
accurate.
2. (Mus.) (a) Pertaining to a
change of notes to the eye, while, as the same keys are used, the
instrument can mark no difference to the ear, as the substitution
of A (b) Pertaining to a
scale of perfect intonation which recognizes all the notes and
intervals that result from the exact tuning of diatonic scales
and their transposition into other keys.
En`har*mon"ic*al*ly (?), adv.
In the enharmonic style or system; in just intonation.
En*heart"en (?), v. t. To give
heart to; to fill with courage; to embolden.
The enemy exults and is enheartened.
I. Taylor.
En*hedge" (?), v. t. To
surround as with a hedge. [R.]
Vicars.
En*hort" (?), v. t. [OF.
enhorter, enorter, L. inhortari.
Cf. Exhort.] To encourage.
[Obs.] \'bdTo enhort the people.\'b8
Chaucer.
En*hun"ger (?), v. t. To make
hungry.
Those animal passions which vice had . . .
enhungered to feed on innocence and life.
J. Martineau.
\'d8En*hy"dros (?), n. [NL. See
Enhydrous.] (Min.) A variety of
chalcedony containing water.
En*hy"drous (?), a. [Gr. /;
/ in + / water.] Having water within; containing
fluid drops; -- said of certain crystals.
E*nig"ma (?), n.; pl.
Enigmas (#). [L.
aenigma, Gr. /, fr. / to speak darkly, fr. /
tale, fable.]
1. A dark, obscure, or inexplicable saying; a
riddle; a statement, the hidden meaning of which is to be
discovered or guessed.
A custom was among the ancients of proposing an
enigma at festivals.
Pope.
2. An action, mode of action, or thing, which
cannot be satisfactorily explained; a puzzle; as, his conduct
is an enigma.
{ E`nig*mat"ic (?; 277),
E`nig*mat"ic*al (?), } a.
[Cf. F. \'82nigmatique.] Relating to
or resembling an enigma; not easily explained or accounted for;
darkly expressed; obscure; puzzling; as, an
enigmatical answer.
E`nig*mat"ic*al*ly, adv. Darkly;
obscurely.
E*nig"ma*tist (?), n. [Gr.
/.] One who makes, or talks in, enigmas.
Addison.
E*nig"ma*tize (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Enigmatized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Enigmatizing
(?).] To make, or talk in, enigmas; to
deal in riddles.
{ E*nig`ma*tog"ra*phy (?),
E*nig`ma*tol"o*gy (?), } n.
[Gr. /, /, an enigma + -graphy,
-logy.] The art of making or of solving
enigmas.
En*isled" (?), p. a. Placed
alone or apart, as if on an island; severed, as an island.
[R.] \'bdIn the sea of life enisled.\'b8
M. Arnold.
En*jall" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enjailed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enjailing.] [Pref. en- +
jail. Cf. Engaol.] To put into
jail; to imprison. [R.]
Donne.
En*join" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enjoined
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enjoining.] [F. enjoindre,
L. injungere to join into, charge, enjoin; in +
jungere to join. See Join, and cf.
Injunction.]
1. To lay upon, as an order or command; to give an
injunction to; to direct with authority; to order; to
charge.
High matter thou enjoin'st me.
Milton.
I am enjoined by oath to observe three things.
Shak.
2. (Law) To prohibit or restrain by a
judicial order or decree; to put an injunction on.
This is a suit to enjoin the defendants from
disturbing the plaintiffs.
Kent.
Enjoin has the force of pressing
admonition with authority; as, a parent enjoins on his
children the duty of obedience. But it has also the sense of
command; as, the duties enjoined by God in
the moral law. \'bdThis word is more authoritative than
direct, and less imperious than
command.\'b8
Johnson.
En*join", v. t. To join or unite.
[Obs.]
Hooker.
En*join"er (?), n. One who
enjoins.
En*join"ment (?), n. Direction;
command; authoritative admonition. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
En*joy" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enjoyed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enjoying.] [OF. enjoier to
receive with joy; pref. en- (L. in) + OF. &
F. joie joy: cf. OF. enjoir to enjoy. See
Joy.]
1. To take pleasure or satisfaction in the
possession or experience of; to feel or perceive with pleasure;
to be delighted with; as, to enjoy the dainties of a
feast; to enjoy conversation.
2. To have, possess, and use with satisfaction; to
occupy or have the benefit of, as a good or profitable thing, or
as something desirable; as, to enjoy a free
constitution and religious liberty.
That the children of Israel may enjoy every man the
inheritance of his fathers.
Num. xxxvi. 8.
To enjoy the pleasures of sin for a season.
Heb. xi. 25.
3. To have sexual intercourse with.
Milton.
To enjoy one's self, to feel pleasure; to be
happy.
En*joy", v. i. To take satisfaction; to
live in happiness. [R.]
Milton.
En*joy"a*ble (?), a. Capable of
being enjoyed or of giving joy; yielding enjoyment.
Milton.
En*joy"er (?), n. One who
enjoys.
En*joy"ment (?), n.
1. The condition of enjoying anything; pleasure or
satisfaction, as in the possession or occupancy of anything;
possession and use; as, the enjoyment of an
estate.
2. That which gives pleasure or keen
satisfaction.
The hope of everlasting enjoyments.
Glanvill.
Syn. -- Pleasure; satisfaction; gratification; fruition;
happiness; felicity; delight.
En*ken"nel (?), v. t. To put
into a kennel.
En*ker"chiefed (?), a. Bound
with a kerchief; draped; hooded; covered.
Milton.
That soft, enkerchiefed hair.
M. Arnold.
En*kin"dle (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enkindled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Enkindling
(?).]
1. To set on fire; to inflame; to kindle.
Shak.
2. To excite; to rouse into action; to
incite.
To enkindle the enthusiasm of an artist.
Talfourd.
En*lace" (?), v. t. To bind or
encircle with lace, or as with lace; to lace; to encircle; to
enfold; hence, to entangle.
Ropes of pearl her neck and breast enlace.
P. Fletcher.
En*lace"ment (?), n. The act of
enlacing, or state of being enlaced; a surrounding as with a
lace.
En*lard" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + lard: cf. OF. enlarder to
put on the spit, Pr. & Sp. enlardar to rub with
grease, baste.] To cover or dress with lard or grease;
to fatten.
Shak.
En*large" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enlarged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Enlarging
(?).] [OF. enlargier; pref.
en- (L. in) + F. large wide. See
Large.]
1. To make larger; to increase in quantity or
dimensions; to extend in limits; to magnify; as, the body is
enlarged by nutrition; to enlarge one's
house.
To enlarge their possessions of land.
Locke.
2. To increase the capacity of; to expand; to give
free scope or greater scope to; also, to dilate, as with joy,
affection, and the like; as, knowledge enlarges the
mind.
O ye Corinthians, our . . . heart is enlarged.
2 Cor. vi. 11.
3. To set at large or set free.
[Archaic]
It will enlarge us from all restraints.
Barrow.
Enlarging hammer, a hammer with a slightly
rounded face of large diameter; -- used by gold beaters.
Knight. -- To enlarge an order
(Law), to extend the time
for complying with it. Abbott. -- To enlarge
one's self, to give free vent to speech; to spread out
discourse. \'bdThey enlarged themselves on this
subject.\'b8 Clarendon. -- To enlarge the
heart, to make free, liberal, and charitable.
Syn. -- To increase; extend; expand; spread; amplify;
augment; magnify. See Increase.
En*large", v. i.
1. To grow large or larger; to be further extended;
to expand; as, a plant enlarges by growth; an estate
enlarges by good management; a volume of air
enlarges by rarefaction.
2. To speak or write at length; to be diffuse in
speaking or writing; to expatiate; to dilate.
To enlarge upon this theme.
M. Arnold.
3. (Naut.) To get more astern or
parallel with the vessel's course; to draw aft; -- said of the
wind.
En*larged" (?), a. Made large
or larger; extended; swollen. --
En*lar"ged*ly (#), adv.
-- En*lar"ged*ness, n.
En*large"ment (?), n.
1. The act of increasing in size or bulk, real or
apparent; the state of being increased; augmentation; further
extension; expansion.
2. Expansion or extension, as of the powers of the
mind; ennoblement, as of the feelings and character; as, an
enlargement of views, of knowledge, of
affection.
3. A setting at large, or being set at large;
release from confinement, servitude, or distress; liberty.
Give enlargement to the swain.
Shak.
4. Diffusiveness of speech or writing; expatiation;
a wide range of discourse or argument.
An enlargement upon the vices and corruptions that
were got into the army.
Clarendon.
En*lar"ger (?), n. One that
enlarges.
En*lay" (?), v. t. See
Inlay.
En*length"en (?), v. t. To
lengthen. [Obs.]
En*lev"en (?), n. Eleven.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
En*light" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + light. Cf. Enlighten.]
To illumine; to enlighten. [R.]
Which from the first has shone on ages past,
Enlights the present, and shall warm the last.
Pope.
En*light"en (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + lighten: cf. AS.
inl\'c6htan. Cf. Enlight.]
1. To supply with light; to illuminate; as, the
sun enlightens the earth.
His lightnings enlightened the world.
Ps. xcvii. 4.
2. To make clear to the intellect or conscience; to
shed the light of truth and knowledge upon; to furnish with
increase of knowledge; to instruct; as, to enlighten
the mind or understanding.
The conscience enlightened by the Word and Spirit
of God.
Trench.
En*light"en*er (?), n. One who
enlightens or illuminates; one who, or that which, communicates
light to the eye, or clear views to the mind.
En*light"en*ment (?), n. Act of
enlightening, or the state of being enlightened or
instructed.
En*limn" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + limn. Cf. Enlumine,
Illuminate.] To adorn by illuminating or
ornamenting with colored and decorated letters and figures, as a
book or manuscript. [R.]
Palsgrave.
En*link" (?), v. t. To chain
together; to connect, as by links.
Shak.
En*list" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enlisted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Enlisting.]
1. To enter on a list; to enroll; to
register.
2. To engage for military or naval service, the
name being entered on a list or register; as, to
enlist men.
3. To secure the support and aid of; to employ in
advancing interest; as, to enlist persons in the
cause of truth, or in a charitable enterprise.
En*list", v. i.
1. To enroll and bind one's self for military or
naval service; as, he enlisted in the regular army;
the men enlisted for the war.
2. To enter heartily into a cause, as if
enrolled.
En*list"ment (?), n.
1. The act or enlisting, or the state of being
enlisted; voluntary enrollment to serve as a soldier or a
sailor.
2. The writing by which an enlisted man is
bound.
En*live" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + live, a.] To
enliven. [Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
En*liv"en (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enlivened
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Enlivening
(?).] [Pref. en- +
liven.].
1. To give life, action, or motion to; to make
vigorous or active; to excite; to quicken; as, fresh fuel
enlivens a fire.
Lo! of themselves th' enlivened chessmen move.
Cowley.
2. To give spirit or vivacity to; to make
sprightly, gay, or cheerful; to animate; as, mirth and good
humor enliven a company; enlivening strains of
music.
Syn. -- To animate; rouse; inspire; cheer; encourage;
comfort; exhilarate; inspirit; invigorate.
En*liv"en*er (?), n. One who,
or that which, enlivens, animates, or invigorates.
En*lock" (?), v. t. To lock; to
inclose.
En*lu"mine (?), v. t. [F.
enluminer; pref. en- (L. in) +
L. luminare to light up, illumine. See
Illuminate, and cf. Limn.] To
illumine. [Obs.]
Spenser.
En*lute" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + L. lutum mud, clay.] To
coat with clay; to lute. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
\'d8En`man`ch\'82" (?), a. [F.;
pref. en- (L. in) + manche
sleeve.] (Her.) Resembling, or covered
with, a sleeve; -- said of the chief when lines are drawn from
the middle point of the upper edge upper edge to the sides.
En*mar"ble (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + marble.] To make hard as
marble; to harden. [Obs.]
Spenser.
En*mesh" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + mesh. Cf. Inmesh.]
To catch or entangle in, or as in, meshes.
Shak.
My doubts enmesh me if I try.
Lowell.
En*mew" (?), v. t. See
Emmew.
En*mist" (?), v. t. To infold,
as in a mist.
En"mi*ty (?), n.; pl.
Enmities (#). [OE.
enemyte, fr. enemy: cf. F.
inimiti\'82, OF. enemisti\'82. See
Enemy, and cf. Amity.]
1. The quality of being an enemy; hostile or
unfriendly disposition.
No ground of enmity between us known.
Milton.
2. A state of opposition; hostility.
The friendship of the world is enmity with God.
James iv. 4.
Syn. -- Rancor; hostility; hatred; aversion; antipathy;
repugnance; animosity; ill will; malice; malevolence. See
Animosity, Rancor.
En*mossed" (?; 115), a. [Pref.
en- + moss.] Covered with moss;
mossed.
Keats.
En*move" (?), v. t. See
Emmove. [Obs.]
En*muf"fle (?), v. t. To muffle
up.
En*mure" (?), v. t. To
immure. [Obs.]
En*na"tion (?), n. [Gr. /
nine.] (Zo\'94l.) The ninth segment in
insects.
En"ne*ad (?), n. [Gr. /, /,
fr. / nine.] The number nine or a group of
nine.
The Enneads, the title given to the works of
the philosopher Plotinus, published by his pupil Porphyry; -- so
called because each of the six books into which it is divided
contains nine chapters.
En"ne*a*gon (?; 277), n. [Gr.
/ nine + corner, angle: cf. enn\'82agone.]
(Geom.) A polygon or plane figure with nine sides
and nine angles; a nonagon.
En`ne*ag"o*nal (?), a.
(Geom.) Belonging to an enneagon; having nine
angles.
En`ne*ag"y*nous (?), a. [Gr.
/ nine + / woman, female.] (Bot.)
Having or producing nine pistils or styles; -- said of a
flower or plant.
En`he*a*he"dral (?), a. [Gr.
/ nine + / side.] (Geom.) Having nine
sides.
{ En`he*a*he"dri*a (?),
En`he*a*he"dron (?), } n.
(Geom.) A figure having nine sides; a
nonagon.
\'d8En`ne*an"dri*a (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / nine + /, /, man, male: cf. F.
enn\'82andrie.] (Bot.) A
Linn\'91an class of plants having nine stamens.
{ En`ne*an"dri*an (?),
En`ne*an"drous (?), } a.
(Bot.) Having nine stamens.
En`ne*a*pet"al*ous (?), a. [Gr.
/ nine + E. petalous: cf. F.
enn\'82ap\'82tale.] (Bot.)
Having nine petals, or flower leaves.
En`ne*a*sper"mous (?), a. [Gr.
/ + / seed.] (Bot.) Having nine seeds;
-- said of fruits.
{ En`ne*at"ic (?), En`ne*at"ic*al
(?), } a. [Gr. / nine.]
Occurring once in every nine times, days, years, etc.; every
ninth.
Enneatical day, every ninth day of a
disease. -- Enneatical year, every ninth year
of a man's life.
En*new" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + new. Cf. Innovate.]
To make new. [Obs.]
Skelton.
En*niche" (?), v. t. To place
in a niche.
Sterne.
En*no"ble (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Ennobled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ennobling
(?).] [Pref. en- +
noble: cf. F. ennoblir.]
1. To make noble; to elevate in degree, qualities,
or excellence; to dignify. \'bdEnnobling all
that he touches.\'b8
Trench.
What can ennoble sots, or slaves, or cowards?
Alas! not all the blood of all the Howards.
Pope.
2. To raise to the rank of nobility; as, to
ennoble a commoner.
Syn. -- To raise; dignify; exalt; elevate; aggrandize.
En*no"ble*ment, n.
1. The act of making noble, or of exalting,
dignifying, or advancing to nobility.
Bacon.
2. That which ennobles; excellence; dignity.
En*no"bler (?), n. One who
ennobles.
\'d8En`nui" (?), n. [F., fr. L.
in odio in hatred. See Annoy.] A
feeling of weariness and disgust; dullness and languor of
spirits, arising from satiety or want of interest; tedium.
T. Gray.
\'d8En`nuy`\'82" (?), a. [F.,
p. p. of ennuyer. See Ennui.]
Affected with ennui; weary in spirits; emotionally
exhausted.
\'d8En`nuy`\'82", n. [F.] One
who is affected with ennui.
\'d8En`nuy`\'82e" (?), n.
[F.] A woman affected with ennui.
Mrs. Jameson.
E*nod"al (?), a. (Bot.)
Without a node.
Gray.
<-- p. 495 -->
En`o*da"tion (?), n. [L.
enodatio explanation, fr. enodare to free
from knots. See Enode.] The act or operation
of clearing of knots, or of untying; hence, also, the solution of
a difficulty. [R.]
Bailey.
E*node" (?), v. t. [L.
enodare; e out + nodare to fill
with knots, nodus a knot.] To clear of
knots; to make clear. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
E*noint" (?), a.
Anointed. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
E*nom"o*tarch (?), n. [Gr. /;
/ + / leader. See Enomoty.] (Gr.
Antiq.) The commander of an enomoty.
Mitford.
E*nom"o*ty (?), n. [Gr. /,
fr. / sworn; / in + / to swear.] (Gr.
Antiq.) A band of sworn soldiers; a division of the
Spartan army ranging from twenty-five to thirty-six men, bound
together by oath.
\'d8En"o*pla (?), n. pl. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / armed; / in + /, pl., armor.]
(Zo\'94l.) One of the orders of Nemertina,
characterized by the presence of a peculiar armature of spines or
plates in the proboscis.
En*op"to*man`cy (?), n. [Gr.
/ visible in (a thing) + -mancy.]
Divination by the use of a mirror.
E*norm" (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82norme. See Enormous.]
Enormous. [Obs.]
Spenser.
E*nor"mi*ty (?), n.; pl.
Enormities (#). [L.
enormitas, fr. enormis enormous: cf. F.
\'82normit\'82. See Enormous.]
1. The state or quality of exceeding a measure or
rule, or of being immoderate, monstrous, or outrageous.
The enormity of his learned acquisitions.
De Quincey.
2. That which is enormous; especially, an exceeding
offense against order, right, or decency; an atrocious crime;
flagitious villainy; an atrocity.
These clamorous enormities which are grown too big
and strong for law or shame.
South.
E*nor"mous (?), a. [L.
enormis enormous, out of rule; e out +
norma rule: cf. F. \'82norme. See
Normal.]
1. Exceeding the usual rule, norm, or measure; out
of due proportion; inordinate; abnormal.
\'bdEnormous bliss.\'b8 Milton. \'bdThis
enormous state.\'b8 Shak. \'bdThe hoop's
enormous size.\'b8
Jenyns.
Wallowing unwieldy, enormous in their gait.
Milton.
2. Exceedingly wicked; outrageous; atrocious;
monstrous; as, an enormous crime.
That detestable profession of a life so
enormous.
Bale.
Syn. -- Huge; vast; immoderate; immense; excessive;
prodigious; monstrous. -- Enormous,
Immense, Excessive. We speak of a thing as
enormous when it overpasses its ordinary law of
existence or far exceeds its proper average or standard, and
becomes -- so to speak -- abnormal in its magnitude,
degree, etc.; as, a man of enormous strength; a deed
of enormous wickedness. Immense
expresses somewhat indefinitely an immeasurable quantity or
extent. Excessive is applied to what is beyond a just
measure or amount, and is always used in an evil; as,
enormous size; an enormous crime; an
immense expenditure; the expanse of ocean is
immense. \'bdExcessive levity and
indulgence are ultimately excessive rigor.\'b8 V.
Knox. \'bdComplaisance becomes servitude when it is
excessive.\'b8 La Rochefoucauld
(Trans).
E*nor"mous*ly, adv. In an enormous
degree.
E*nor"mous*ness, n. The state of being
enormous.
En*or"tho*trope (?), n. [Gr.
/ in + / upright, correct + / to turn.] An
optical toy; a card on which confused or imperfect figures are
drawn, but which form to the eye regular figures when the card is
rapidly revolved. See Thaumatrope.
E*nough" (?), a. [OE.
inoh, inow, enogh, AS.
gen/h, gen/g, a. & adv. (akin to OS.
gin/g, D. genoeg, OHG. ginoug,
G. genug, Icel. gn/gr, Sw.
nog, Dan. nok, Goth. gan/hs),
fr. geneah it suffices (akin to Goth.
ganah); pref. ge- + a root akin to L.
nancisci to get, Skr. na/, Gr. / to
carry.] Satisfying desire; giving content; adequate to
meet the want; sufficient; -- usually, and more elegantly,
following the noun to which it belongs.
How many hired servants of my father's have bread
enough and to spare!
Luke xv. 17.
E*nough", adv.
1. In a degree or quantity that satisfies; to
satisfaction; sufficiently.
2. Fully; quite; -- used to express slight
augmentation of the positive degree, and sometimes equivalent to
very; as, he is ready enough to embrace
the offer.
I know you well enough; you are Signior
Antonio.
Shak.
Thou knowest well enough . . . that this is no time
to lend money.
Shak.
3. In a tolerable degree; -- used to express mere
acceptableness or acquiescence, and implying a degree or quantity
rather less than is desired; as, the song was well
enough.
Enough usually follows the word it
modifies.
E*nough", n. A sufficiency; a quantity
which satisfies desire, is adequate to the want, or is equal to
the power or ability; as, he had enough to do take
care of himself. \'bdEnough is as good as a
feast.\'b8
And Esau said, I have enough, my brother.
Gen. xxxiii. 9.
E*nough", interj. An exclamation
denoting sufficiency, being a shortened form of it is
enough.
E*nounce" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enounced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Enouncing
(?).] [F. \'82noncer, L.
enuntiare; e out + nuntiare to
announce, fr. nuntius messenger. See Nuncio,
and cf. Enunciate.]
1. To announce; to declare; to state, as a
proposition or argument.
Sir W. Hamilton.
2. To utter; to articulate.
The student should be able to enounce these
[sounds] independently.
A. M. Bell.
E*nounce"ment (?), n. Act of
enouncing; that which is enounced.
E*now" (?). A form of
Enough. [Archaic]
Shak.
En*pa"tron (?), v. t. To act
the part of a patron towards; to patronize.
[Obs.]
Shak.
En*pierce" (?), v. t. [See
Empierce.] To pierce.
[Obs.]
Shak.
En*quere" (?), v. i. To
inquire. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
En*quick"en (?), v. t. To
quicken; to make alive. [Obs.]
Dr. H. More.
En*quire" (?), v. i. & t. See
Inquire.
En*quir"er (?), n. See
Inquirer.
En*quir"y (?), n. See
Inquiry.
En*race" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + race lineage.] To enroot;
to implant. [Obs.]
Spenser.
En*rage" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enraged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Enraging
(?).] [F. enrager to be
enraged; pref. en- (L. in) +
rage rage. See Rage.] To fill with
rage; to provoke to frenzy or madness; to make furious.
Syn. -- To irritate; incense; inflame; exasperate; provoke;
anger; madden; infuriate.
En*rage"ment (?), n. Act of
enraging or state of being enraged; excitement.
[Obs.]
En*range" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + range. Cf. Enrank,
Arrange.]
1. To range in order; to put in rank; to
arrange. [Obs.]
Spenser.
2. To rove over; to range.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
En*rank" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + rank.] To place in ranks
or in order. [R.]
Shak.
En*rapt" (?), p. a. [Pref.
en- + rapt. Cf. Enravish.]
Thrown into ecstasy; transported; enraptured.
Shak.
En*rap"ture (?; 135), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enraptured (?;
135); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enrapturing.] To transport with
pleasure; to delight beyond measure; to enravish.
Shenstone.
En*rav"ish (?), v. t. To
transport with delight; to enrapture; to fascinate.
Spenser.
En*rav"ish*ing*ly, adv. So as to throw
into ecstasy.
En*rav"ish*ment (?), n. The
state of being enravished or enraptured; ecstasy; rapture.
Glanvill.
En*reg"is*ter (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + register: cf. F.
enregistrer. Cf. Inregister.] To
register; to enroll or record; to inregister.
To read enregistered in every nook
His goodness, which His beauty doth declare.
Spenser.
En*rheum" (?), v. i. [Pref.
en- + rheum: cf. F.
s'enrhumer.] To contract a rheum.
[Obs.]
Harvey.
En*rich" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enriched
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enriching.] [F. enrichir;
pref. en- (L. in) + riche rich.
See Rich.]
1. To make rich with any kind of wealth; to render
opulent; to increase the possessions of; as, to
enrich the understanding with knowledge.
Seeing, Lord, your great mercy
Us hath enriched so openly.
Chaucer's Dream.
2. To supply with ornament; to adorn; as, to
enrich a ceiling by frescoes.
3. To make rich with manure; to fertilize; -- said
of the soil; as, to enrich land by
irrigation.
4. To supply with knowledge; to instruct; to store;
-- said of the mind.
Sir W. Raleigh.
En*rich"er (?), n. One who
enriches.
En*rich"ment (?), n. The act of
making rich, or that which enriches; increase of value by
improvements, embellishment, etc.; decoration;
embellishment.
En*ridge" (?), v. t. To form
into ridges.
Shak.
En*ring" (?), v. t. To
encircle. [R.]
The Muses and the Graces, grouped in threes,
Enringed a billowing fountain in the midst.
Tennyson.
En*rip"en (?), v. t. To
ripen. [Obs.]
Donne.
En*rive" (?), v. t. To rive; to
cleave. [Obs.]
En*robe" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + robe: cf. OF.
enrober.] To invest or adorn with a robe;
to attire.
En*rock"ment (?), n. [Pref.
en- + rock.] A mass of large
stones thrown into water at random to form bases of piers,
breakwaters, etc.
En*roll" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enrolled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enrolling.] [Pref. en- +
roll: cf. F. enr\'93ler; pref.
en- (L. in) + r\'93le roll or
register. See Roll, n.] [Written
also enrol.]
1. To insert in a roil; to register or enter in a
list or catalogue or on rolls of court; hence, to record; to
insert in records; to leave in writing; as, to
enroll men for service; to enroll a decree or a
law; also, reflexively, to enlist.
An unwritten law of common right, so engraven in the hearts of
our ancestors, and by them so constantly enjoyed and claimed, as
that it needed not enrolling.
Milton.
All the citizen capable of bearing arms enrolled
themselves.
Prescott.
2. To envelop; to inwrap; to involve.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
En*roll"er (?), n. One who
enrolls or registers.
En*roll"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
enr\'93lement.] [Written also
enrolment.]
1. The act of enrolling; registration.
Holland.
2. A writing in which anything is enrolled; a
register; a record.
Sir J. Davies.
En*root" (?), v. t. To fix by
the root; to fix fast; to implant deep.
Shak.
En*round" (?), v. t. To
surround. [Obs.]
Shak.
\'d8En` route" (?). [F.] On the
way or road.
\'d8Ens (?), n. [L.,
ens, entis, a thing. See
Entity.]
1. (Metaph.) Entity, being, or
existence; an actually existing being; also, God, as the Being of
Beings.
2. (Chem.) Something supposed to
condense within itself all the virtues and qualities of a
substance from which it is extracted; essence.
[Obs.]
En*saf/" (?), v. t. To make
safe. [Obs.]
Hall.
En*sam"ple (?), n. [OF.
ensample, essample, F. exemple.
See Example.] An example; a pattern or model
for imitation. [Obs.]
Tyndale.
Being ensamples to the flock.
/ Pet. v. 3.
En*sam"ple (?), v. t. To
exemplify, to show by example. [Obs.]
Spenser.
En*san"guine (?), v. t. To
stain or cover with blood; to make bloody, or of a blood-red
color; as, an ensanguined hue. \'bdThe
ensanguined field.\'b8
Milton.
En"sate (?), a. [NL.
ensatus, fr. L. ensis sword.]
(Bot. & Zo\'94l.) Having sword-shaped leaves, or
appendages; ensiform.
En*scale" (?), v. t. To cover
with scales.
En*shed"ule (?; 135), v. t. To
insert in a schedule. See Schedule.
[R.]
Shak.
En*sconce" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Ensconced
(?); imp. & p. p. Ensconcing
(?).] To cover or shelter, as with a
sconce or fort; to place or hide securely; to conceal.
She shall not see me: I will ensconce me behind the
arras.
Shak.
En*seal" (?), v. t. To impress
with a seal; to mark as with a seal; hence, to ratify.
[Obs.]
This deed I do enseal.
Piers Plowman.
En*seam" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + seam suture. Cf.
Inseam.] To sew up; to inclose by a seam;
hence, to include; to contain.
Camden.
En*seam", v. t. [Pref. en- +
seam grease.] To cover with grease; to
defile; to pollute. [Obs.]
In the rank sweat of an enseamed bed.
Shak.
En*sear" (?), v. t. To sear; to
dry up. [Obs.]
Ensear thy fertile and conceptious womb.
Shak.
En*search" (?), v. i. [OF.
encerchier. See Search.] To make
search; to try to find something. [Obs.] --
v. t. To search for.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Elyot.
En*seel" (?), v. t. To close
eyes of; to seel; -- said in reference to a hawk.
[Obs.]
En*seint" (?), a. (Law)
With child; pregnant. See Enceinte.
[Obs.]
\'d8En`sem"ble (?), n.
[F.] The whole; all the parts taken
together.
\'d8En`sem"ble, adv. [F.] All
at once; together.
En*shel"ter (?), v. t. To
shelter. [Obs.]
En*shield" (?), v. t. To
defend, as with a shield; to shield. [Archaic]
Shak.
En*shield", a. Shielded;
enshielded. [Obs.]
Shak.
En*shrine" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enshrined
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enshrining.] To inclose in a shrine or
chest; hence, to preserve or cherish as something sacred; as,
to enshrine something in memory.
We will enshrine it as holy relic.
Massinger.
En*shroud" (?), v. t. To cover
with, or as with, a shroud; to shroud.
Churchill.
En*sif"er*ous (?), a. [L.
ensifer; ensis sword + ferre to
bear: cf. F. ensif\'8are.] Bearing a
sword.
En"si*form (?), a. [L.
ensis sword + -form: cf. F.
ensiforme.] Having the form of a sword
blade; sword-shaped; as, an ensiform
leaf.
Ensiform cartilage, Ensiform
process. (Anat.) See
Xiphisternum.
En"sign (?), n. [L.
enseigne, L. insignia, pl. of
insigne a distinctive mark, badge, flag; in +
signum mark, sign. See Sign, and cf.
Insignia, 3d Ancient.]
1. A flag; a banner; a standard; esp., the national
flag, or a banner indicating nationality, carried by a ship or a
body of soldiers; -- as distinguished from flags indicating
divisions of the army, rank of naval officers, or private
signals, and the like.
Hang up your ensigns, let your drums be still.
Shak.
2. A signal displayed like a standard, to give
notice.
He will lift an ensign to the nations from far.
Is. v. 26.
3. Sign; badge of office, rank, or power;
symbol.
The ensigns of our power about we bear.
Waller.
4. (a) Formerly, a commissioned officer of
the army who carried the ensign or flag of a company or
regiment. (b) A commissioned officer of the
lowest grade in the navy, corresponding to the grade of second
lieutenant in the army.
Ham. Nav. Encyc.
ensign
was abolished in 1871. In the United States army the rank is not
recognized; the regimental flags being carried by a sergeant
called the color sergeant.
Ensign bearer, one who carries a flag; an
ensign.
En"sign, v. t.
1. To designate as by an ensign.
[Obs.]
Henry but joined the roses that ensigned
Particular families.
B. Jonson.
2. To distinguish by a mark or ornament; esp.
(Her.), by a crown; thus, any charge which has a crown
immediately above or upon it, is said to be
ensigned.
En"sign*cy (?; 277), n.; pl.
Ensigncies (/). The rank or
office of an ensign.
En"sign*ship, n. The state or rank of an
ensign.
En"si*lage (?), n. [F.; pref.
en- (L. in) + silo. See
Silo.]
1. The process of preserving fodder (such as
cornstalks, rye, oats, millet, etc.) by compressing it while
green and fresh in a pit or vat called a silo, where it is kept
covered from the air; as the ensilage of fodder.
2. The fodder preserved in a silo.
En"si*lage (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Ensilaged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Ensilaging
(?).] To preserve in a silo; as, to
ensilage cornstalks.
En*sky" (?), v. t. To place in
the sky or in heaven. [R.] \'bdA thing
enskied and sainted.\'b8
Shak.
En*slave" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enslaved
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enslaving.] To reduce to slavery; to
make a slave of; to subject to a dominant influence.
The conquer'd, also, and enslaved by war,
Shall, with their freedom lost, all virtue lose.
Milton.
Pleasure admitted in undue degree
Enslaves the will.
Cowper.
En*slav"ed*ness (?), n. State
of being enslaved.
En*slave"ment (?), n. The act
of reducing to slavery; state of being enslaved; bondage;
servitude.
A fresh enslavement to their enemies.
South.
<-- p. 496 -->
En*slav"er (?), n. One who
enslaves.
Swift.
En*snare" (?), v. t. To catch
in a snare. See Insnare.
En*snarl" (?), v. t. To
entangle. [Obs.]
Spenser.
En*so"ber (?), v. t. To make
sober. [Obs.]
Sad accidents to ensober his spirits.
Jer. Taylor.
En*soul" (?), v. t. To indue or
imbue (a body) with soul. [R.]
Emerson.
En*sphere" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + sphere. Cf. Insphere.]
1. To place in a sphere; to envelop.
His ample shoulders in a cloud ensphered.
Chapman.
2. To form into a sphere.
En*stamp" (?), v. t. To stamp;
to mark as /ith a stamp; to impress deeply.
It is the motive . . . which enstamps the
character.
Gogan.
En*state" (?), v. t. See
Instate.
En"sta*tite (?), n. [Named fr.
Gr. / an adversary, because infusible before the
blowpipe.] (Min.) A mineral of the pyroxene
group, orthorhombic in crystallization; often fibrous and
massive; color grayish white or greenish. It is a silicate of
magnesia with some iron. Bronzite is a ferriferous variety.
En`sta*tit"ic (?), a. Relating
to enstatite.
En*store" (?), v. t. [See
Instaurate.] To restore.
[Obs.]
Wyclif.
En*style" (?), v. t. To style;
to name. [Obs.]
En*su"a*ble (?), a. Ensuing;
following.
En*sue" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Ensued (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Ensuing.]
[OF. ensevre, OF. & F. ensuivre, fr.
L. insequi; in + sequi to pursue. See
Sue.] To follow; to pursue; to follow and
overtake. [Obs.] \'bdSeek peace, and
ensue it.\'b8
1 Pet. iii. 11.
To ensue his example in doing the like
mischief.
Golding.
En*sue", v. i. To follow or come
afterward; to follow as a consequence or in chronological
succession; to result; as, an ensuing conclusion or
effect; the year ensuing was a cold one.
So spoke the Dame, but no applause ensued.
Pope.
Damage to the mind or the body, or to both, ensues,
unless the exciting cause be presently removed.
I. Taylor.
Syn. -- To follow; pursue; succeed. See
Follow.
En*sure" (?), v. t.
1. To make sure. See Insure.
2. To betroth. [Obs.]
Sir T. More.
En*sur"er (?), n. See
Insurer.
En*swathe" (?), v. t. To
swathe; to envelop, as in swaddling clothes.
Shak.
En*swathe"ment (?), n. The act
of enswathing, or the state of being enswathed.
En*sweep" (?), v. t. To sweep
over or across; to pass over rapidly. [R.]
Thomson.
Ent- (?). A prefix signifying
within. See Ento-.
-ent (?). [F. -ent, L.
-ens, -entis.] An adjective
suffix signifying action or being; as,
corrodent, excellent, emergent,
continent, quiescent. See
-ant.
En*tab"la*ture (?; 135), n.
[OF. entablature: cf. It intavolatura,
fr. LL. intabulare to construct a basis; L. in +
tabulatum board work, flooring, fr. tabula. See
Table.] (Arch.) The superstructure
which lies horizontally upon the columns. See Illust.
of Column, Cornice.
architrave,
the part immediately above the column; frieze, the
central space; and cornice, the upper projecting
moldings.
Parker.
En*tab"le*ment (?), n. [F.
entablement, LL. intabulamentum.]
See Entablature. [R.]
Evelyn.
En*tac"kle (?), v. t. To supply
with tackle. [Obs.]
Skelton.
En"tad (?), adv.
[Ent- + L. ad towards.]
(Anat.) Toward the inside or central part; away
from the surface; -- opposed to ectad.
B. G. Wilder.
En*tail" (?), n. [OE.
entaile carving, OF. entaille, F., an
incision, fr. entailler to cut away; pref.
en- (L. in) + tailler to cut;
LL. feudum talliatum a fee entailed, i. e., curtailed
or limited. See Tail limitation,
Tailor.]
1. That which is entailed. Hence:
(Law) (a) An estate in fee entailed, or
limited in descent to a particular class of issue.
(b) The rule by which the descent is fixed.
A power of breaking the ancient entails, and of
alienating their estates.
Hume.
2. Delicately carved ornamental work;
intaglio. [Obs.] \'bdA work of rich
entail.\'b8
Spenser.
En*tail", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Entailed; p. pr. & vb. n.
Entailing.] [OE. entailen to
carve, OF. entailler. See Entail,
n.]
1. To settle or fix inalienably on a person or
thing, or on a person and his descendants or a certain line of
descendants; -- said especially of an estate; to bestow as an
heritage.
Allowing them to entail their estates.
Hume.
I here entail
The crown to thee and to thine heirs forever.
Shak.
2. To appoint hereditary possessor.
[Obs.]
To entail him and his heirs unto the crown.
Shak.
3. To cut or carve in a ornamental way.
[Obs.]
Entailed with curious antics.
Spenser.
En*tail"ment, n.
1. The act of entailing or of giving, as an estate,
and directing the mode of descent.
2. The condition of being entailed.
3. A thing entailed.
Brutality as an hereditary entailment becomes an
ever weakening force.
R. L. Dugdale.
En"tal (?), a. [See
Ent-.] (Anat.) Pertaining to, or
situated near, central or deep parts; inner; -- opposed to
ectal.
B. G. Wilder.
En*tame" (?), v. t. To
tame. [Obs.]
Shak.
En*tan"gle (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Entangled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Entangling
(?).]
1. To twist or interweave in such a manner as not
to be easily separated; to make tangled, confused, and intricate;
as, to entangle yarn or the hair.
2. To involve in such complications as to render
extrication a bewildering difficulty; hence, metaphorically, to
insnare; to perplex; to bewilder; to puzzle; as, to
entangle the feet in a net, or in briers.
\'bdEntangling alliances.\'b8
Washington.
The difficulties that perplex men's thoughts and
entangle their understandings.
Locke.
Allowing her to entangle herself with a person
whose future was so uncertain.
Froude.
En*tan"gle*ment (?), n. State
of being entangled; intricate and confused involution; that which
entangles; intricacy; perplexity.
En*tan"gler (?), n. One that
entangles.
\'d8En*ta"si*a (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. /. See Entasis.] (Med.)
Tonic spasm; -- applied generically to denote any disease
characterized by tonic spasms, as tetanus, trismus, etc.
\'d8En"ta*sis (?), n. [NL.,
from Gr. / a stretching; fr. /; / in + / to
extend.]
1. (Arch.) A slight convex swelling of
the shaft of a column.
2. (Med.) Same as
Entasia.
En*tass"ment (?), n. [F.
entassement, fr. entasser to heap
up.] A heap; accumulation. [R.]
En*tas"tic (?), a. [Formed as
if fr. (assumed) Gr. /. See Entasis.]
(Med.) Relating to any disease characterized by
tonic spasms.
En*tel"e*chy (?), n. [L.
entelechia, Gr. /, prob. fr. / / / to be
complete; / + / completion, end + / to have or hold.]
(Peripatetic Philos.) An actuality; a conception
completely actualized, in distinction from mere potential
existence.
\'d8En*tel"lus (?), n. [NL.,
the specific name, fr. Gr. / to command.]
(Zo\'94l.) An East Indian long-tailed bearded
monkey (Semnopithecus entellus) regarded as sacred by
the natives. It is remarkable for the caplike arrangement of the
hair on the head. Called also hoonoomaun and
hungoor.
En*tend" (?), v. i. [F.
entendre, fr. L. intendere. See
Intend.] To attend to; to apply one's self
to. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
En*ten"der (?), v. t.
1. To make tender. [R.]
Jer. Taylor.
2. To treat with tenderness.
[R.]
Young.
En*ten"tive (?), a. [OF.
ententif.] Attentive; zealous.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
En"ter- (?). [F. entre between,
fr. L. inter. See Inter-] A prefix
signifying between, among,
part.
En"ter (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Entered
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Entering.] [OE. entren,
enteren, F. entrer, fr. L.
intrare, fr. intro inward, contr. fr.
intero (sc. loco), fr. inter in
between, between. See Inter-, In, and cf.
Interior.]
1. To come or go into; to pass into the interior
of; to pass within the outer cover or shell of; to penetrate; to
pierce; as, to enter a house, a closet, a country, a
door, etc.; the river enters the sea.
That darksome cave they enter.
Spenser.
I, . . . with the multitude of my redeemed,
Shall enter heaven, long absent.
Milton.
2. To unite in; to join; to be admitted to; to
become a member of; as, to enter an association, a
college, an army.
3. To engage in; to become occupied with; as,
to enter the legal profession, the book trade,
etc.
4. To pass within the limits of; to attain; to
begin; to commence upon; as, to enter one's teens, a
new era, a new dispensation.
5. To cause to go (into), or to be received (into);
to put in; to insert; to cause to be admitted; as, to
enter a knife into a piece of wood, a wedge into a log;
to enter a boy at college, a horse for a race,
etc.
6. To inscribe; to enroll; to record; as, to
enter a name, or a date, in a book, or a book in a
catalogue; to enter the particulars of a sale in an
account, a manifest of a ship or of merchandise at the
customhouse.
7. (Law) (a) To go into or
upon, as lands, and take actual possession of them.
(b) To place in regular form before the court,
usually in writing; to put upon record in proper from and order;
as, to enter a writ, appearance, rule, or
judgment.
Burrill.
8. To make report of (a vessel or her cargo) at the
customhouse; to submit a statement of (imported goods), with the
original invoices, to the proper officer of the customs for
estimating the duties. See Entry, 4.
9. To file or inscribe upon the records of the land
office the required particulars concerning (a quantity of public
land) in order to entitle a person to a right pf
pre\'89mption. [U.S.]
Abbott.
10. To deposit for copyright the title or
description of (a book, picture, map, etc.); as,
\'bdentered according to act of Congress.\'b8
11. To initiate; to introduce favorably.
[Obs.]
Shak.
En"ter, v. i.
1. To go or come in; -- often with in
used pleonastically; also, to begin; to take the first
steps. \'bdThe year entering.\'b8
Evelyn.
No evil thing approach nor enter in.
Milton.
Truth is fallen in the street, and equity can not
enter.
Is. lix. 14.
For we which have believed do enter into rest.
Heb. iv. 3.
2. To get admission; to introduce one's self; to
penetrate; to form or constitute a part; to become a partaker or
participant; to share; to engage; -- usually with
into; sometimes with on or upon;
as, a ball enters into the body; water
enters into a ship; he enters into the plan; to
enter into a quarrel; a merchant enters into
partnership with some one; to enter upon another's land;
the boy enters on his tenth year; to enter upon
a task; lead enters into the composition of
pewter.
3. To penetrate mentally; to consider attentively;
-- with into.
He is particularly pleased with . . . Sallust for his
entering into internal principles of action.
Addison.
En`ter*ad`e*nog"ra*phy (?), n.
[Gr. / an intestine + / a gland +
-graphy.] A treatise upon, or description
of, the intestinal glands.
En`ter*ad`e*nol"o*gy (?), n.
[Gr. / an intestine + / a gland +
-logy.] The science which treats of the
glands of the alimentary canal.
\'d8En`ter*al"gi*a (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / an intestine + / pain: cf. F.
ent\'82ralgie.] (Med.) Pain in
the intestines; colic.
En"ter*deal` (?), n.
[Enter- + deal.] Mutual
dealings; intercourse. [Obs.]
The enterdeal of princes strange.
Spenser.
En"ter*er (?), n. One who makes
an entrance or beginning.
A. Seward.
En*ter"ic (?), a. [Gr. /. See
Enteritis.] (Anat.) Of or
pertaining to the enteron, or alimentary canal; intestinal.
Enteric fever (Med.), typhoid
fever.
\'d8En`te*ri"tis (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / an intestine + -itis.]
(Med.) An inflammation of the intestines.
Hoblyn.
En`ter*lace" (?), v. t. See
Interlace.
En`ter*mete" (?), v. i. [F.
s'entremettre; entre between +
mettre to place.] To interfere; to
intermeddle. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
En"ter*mew`er (?), n.
[Enter- + mew to molt.]
(Zo\'94l.) A hawk gradually changing the color of
its feathers, commonly in the second year.
En`ter*mise" (?), n. [F.
entremise, fr. s'entremettre. See
Entermete.] Mediation.
[Obs.]
En"ter*o*cele` (?), n. [Gr.
/; / an intestine + / tumor, hernia.]
(Med.) A hernial tumor whose contents are
intestine.
En"ter*o*c\'d2le` (?), n. [Gr.
/ an intestine + / a hollow.] (Anat.) A
perivisceral cavity which arises as an outgrowth or outgrowths
from the digestive tract; distinguished from a
schizoc\'d2le, which arises by a splitting of the
mesoblast of the embryo.
En`ter*og"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr.
/ an intestine + -graphy.] (Anat.)
A treatise upon, or description of, the intestines;
enterology.
En"ter*o*lith (?), n. [Gr. /
an intestine + -lith.] (Med.) An
intestinal concretion.
En`ter*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. /
an intestine + -logy: cf. F.
ent\'82rologie.] The science which treats
of the viscera of the body.
\'d8En"te*ron (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. / an intestine, fr. / within.] (Anat.)
The whole alimentary, or enteric, canal.
En`ter*op"a*thy (?), n. [Gr.
/ intestine + / suffering.] (Med.)
Disease of the intestines.
\'d8En`te*rop*neus"ta (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / an intestine + / to breathe.]
(Zo\'94l.) A group of wormlike invertebrates
having, along the sides of the body, branchial openings for the
branchial sacs, which are formed by diverticula of the alimentary
canal. Balanoglossus is the only known genus. See
Illustration in Appendix.
En`ter*or"rha*phy (?), n. [Gr.
/ an intestine + / a sewing.] (Med.)
The operation of sewing up a rent in the intestinal
canal.
En"ter*o*tome (?), n. [F.
ent\'82rotome. See Enterotomy.]
(Med.) A kind of scissors used for opening the
intestinal canal, as in post-mortem examinations.
En`ter*ot"o*my (?), n. [Gr. /
an intestine + / to cut.] (Med.) Incision
of the intestines, especially in reducing certain cases of
hernia.
En`ter*par"lance (?), n. Mutual
talk or conversation; conference. [Obs.]
Sir J. Hayward.
En`ter*plead" (?), v. i. Same
as Interplead.
En"ter*prise (?), n. [F.
enterprise, fr. entreprendre to undertake;
entre between (L. inter) +
prendre to take. See Inter, and
Emprise.]
1. That which is undertaken; something attempted to
be performed; a work projected which involves activity, courage,
energy, and the like; a bold, arduous, or hazardous attempt; an
undertaking; as, a manly enterprise; a warlike
enterprise.
Shak.
Their hands can not perform their enterprise.
Job v. 12.
2. Willingness or eagerness to engage in labor
which requires boldness, promptness, energy, and like qualities;
as, a man of great enterprise.
En"ter*prise, v. t.
1. To undertake; to begin and attempt to perform;
to venture upon. [R.]
The business must be enterprised this night.
Dryden.
What would I not renounce or enterprise for
you!
T. Otway.
2. To treat with hospitality; to entertain.
[Obs.]
Him at the threshold met, and well did
enterprise.
Spenser.
En"ter*prise, v. i. To undertake an
enterprise, or something hazardous or difficult.
[R.]
Pope.
En"ter*pri`ser (?), n. One who
undertakes enterprises.
Sir J. Hayward.
En"ter*pri`sing (?), a. Having
a disposition for enterprise; characterized by enterprise;
resolute, active or prompt to attempt; as, an
enterprising man or firm. --
En"ter*pri`sing*ly,
adv.
En`ter*tain" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Entertained
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Entertaining.] [F.
entretenir; entre between (L.
inter) + tenir to hold, L.
tenere. See Tenable.]
1. To be at the charges of; to take or keep in
one's service; to maintain; to support; to harbor; to keep.
<-- p. 497 -->
You, sir, I entertain for one of my hundred.
Shak.
2. To give hospitable reception and maintenance to;
to receive at one's board, or into one's house; to receive as a
guest.
Be not forgetful to entertain strangers; for
thereby some have entertained unawares.
Heb. xiii. 2.
3. To engage the attention of agreeably; to amuse
with that which makes the time pass pleasantly; to divert;
as, to entertain friends with conversation,
etc.
The weary time she can not entertain.
Shak.
4. To give reception to; to receive, in general; to
receive and take into consideration; to admit, treat, or make use
of; as, to entertain a proposal.
I am not here going to entertain so large a theme
as the philosophy of Locke.
De Quincey.
A rumor gained ground, -- and, however absurd, was
entertained by some very sensible people.
Hawthorne.
5. To meet or encounter, as an enemy.
[Obs.]
Shak.
6. To keep, hold, or maintain in the mind with
favor; to keep in the mind; to harbor; to cherish; as, to
entertain sentiments.
7. To lead on; to bring along; to introduce.
[Obs.]
To baptize all nations, and entertain them into the
services institutions of the holy Jesus.
Jer. Taylor.
Syn. -- To amuse; divert; maintain. See
Amuse.
En`ter*tain" (?), v. i. To
receive, or provide entertainment for, guests; as, he
entertains generously.
En`ter*tain", n. [Cf. F.
entretien, fr. entretenir.]
Entertainment. [Obs.]
Spenser.
En`ter*tain"er (?), n. One who
entertains.
En`ter*tain"ing, a. Affording
entertainment; pleasing; amusing; diverting. --
En`ter*tain"ing*ly, adv. --
En`ter*tain"ing*ness, n.
En`ter*tain"ment (?), n. [Cf.
OF. entretenement.]
1. The act of receiving as host, or of amusing,
admitting, or cherishing; hospitable reception; also, reception
or treatment, in general.
The entertainment of Christ by faith.
Baxter.
The sincere entertainment and practice of the
precepts of the gospel.
Bp. Sprat.
2. That which entertains, or with which one is
entertained; as: (a) Hospitality; hospitable provision
for the wants of a guest; especially, provision for the table; a
hospitable repast; a feast; a formal or elegant meal.
(b) That which engages the attention agreeably, amuses
or diverts, whether in private, as by conversation, etc., or in
public, by performances of some kind; amusement.
Theatrical entertainments conducted with greater
elegance and refinement.
Prescott.
3. Admission into service; service.
Some band of strangers in the adversary's
entertainment.
Shak.
4. Payment of soldiers or servants; wages.
[Obs.]
The entertainment of the general upon his first
arrival was but six shillings and eight pence.
Sir J. Davies.
Syn. -- Amusement; diversion; recreation; pastime; sport;
feast; banquet; repast; carousal.
En`ter*take" (?), v. t. To
entertain. [Obs.]
En`ter*tis"sued (?), a. Same as
Intertissued.
{ En"the*al (?), En"the*an
(?), } a. [Gr. / full of the
god, inspired; / in + / god.] Divinely inspired;
wrought up to enthusiasm. [Obs.]
En"the*asm (?), n. Inspiration;
enthusiasm. [R.] \'bdReligious
entheasm.\'b8
Byron.
En`the*as"tic (?), a. [Gr. /
inspired, fr. /, fr. /. See Entheal.] Of
godlike energy; inspired. --
En`the*as"tic*al*ly (#),
adv.
En"the*at (?), a. [Cf. L.
entheatus, fr. Gr. /.] Divinely
inspired. [Obs.]
Drummond.
{ \'d8En`thel*min"tha (?),
En`thel*min"thes (?), } n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / within + /, /, worm.]
(Zo\'94l.) Intestinal worms. See
Helminthes.
En*the"ic (?), a. [Gr. / fit
for inserting; / in + / to place.] (Med.)
Caused by a morbifie virus implanted in the system; as,
an enthetic disease like syphilis.
En*thrall" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + thrall. Cf. Inthrall.]
[Written also enthral.] To hold in
thrall; to enslave. See Inthrall.
The bars survive the captive they enthrall.
Byron.
En*thrall"ment (?), n. The act
of enthralling, or state of being enthralled. See
Inthrallment.
En*thrill" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + thrill.] To pierce; to
thrill. [Obs.]
Sackville.
En*throne" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + throne: cf. OF. enthroner.
Cf. Inthronize.]
1. To seat on a throne; to exalt to the seat of
royalty or of high authority; hence, to invest with sovereign
authority or dignity.
Beneath a sculptured arch he sits enthroned.
Pope.
It [mercy] is enthroned in the hearts of kings.
Shak.
2. (Eccl.) To induct, as a bishop, into
the powers and privileges of a vacant see.
En*throne"ment (?), n. The act
of enthroning, or state of being enthroned.
[Recent]
En*thron`i*za"tion (?), n. The
act of enthroning; hence, the admission of a bishop to his stall
or throne in his cathedral.
En*thron"ize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enthronized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Enthronizing
(?).] [See Inthronize.]
To place on a throne; hence, to induct into office, as a
bishop.
There openly enthronized as the very elected
king.
Knolles.
En*thuse" (?), v. t. & i. To
make or become enthusiastic. [Slang]
En*thu"si*asm (?), n. [Gr. /
, fr. / to be inspired or possessed by the god, fr. /, /,
inspired: cf. enthousiasme. See Entheal,
Theism.]
1. Inspiration as if by a divine or superhuman
power; ecstasy; hence, a conceit of divine possession and
revelation, or of being directly subject to some divine
impulse.
Enthusiasm is founded neither on reason nor divine
revelation, but rises from the conceits of a warmed or
overweening imagination.
Locke.
2. A state of impassioned emotion; transport;
elevation of fancy; exaltation of soul; as, the poetry of
enthusiasm.
Resolutions adopted in enthusiasm are often
repented of when excitement has been succeeded by the wearing
duties of hard everyday routine.
Froude.
Exhibiting the seeming contradiction of susceptibility to
enthusiasm and calculating shrewdness.
Bancroft.
3. Enkindled and kindling fervor of soul; strong
excitement of feeling on behalf of a cause or a subject; ardent
and imaginative zeal or interest; as, he engaged in his
profession with enthusiasm.
Nothing great was ever achieved without
enthusiasm.
Emerson.
4. Lively manifestation of joy or zeal.
Philip was greeted with a tumultuous
enthusiasm.
Prescott.
En*thu"si*ast (?), n. [Gr. /:
cf. F. enthousiaste.] One moved or actuated
by enthusiasm; as: (a) One who imagines himself divinely
inspired, or possessed of some special revelation; a religious
madman; a fanatic. (b) One whose mind is wholly
possessed and heated by what engages it; one who is influenced by
a peculiar; fervor of mind; an ardent and imaginative
person.
Enthusiasts soon understand each other.
W. Irving.
Syn. -- Visionary; fanatic; devotee; zealot.
{ En*thu`si*as"tic (?),
En*thu`si*as"tic*al (?), } a.
[Gr. / .] Filled with enthusiasm; characterized
by enthusiasm; zealous; as, an enthusiastic lover of
art. \'bdEnthusiastical raptures.\'b8
Calamy. -- En*thu`si*as"tic*al*ly,
adv.
A young man . . . of a visionary and enthusiastic
character.
W. Irving.
En*thu`si*as"tic, n. An enthusiast; a
zealot. [Obs.]
{ En`thy*me*mat"ic (?),
En`thy*me*mat"ic*al (?), } a.
[Gr. /.] Pertaining to, or of the form of, an
enthymeme.
En"thy*meme (?), n. [Gr. /,
fr. / to keep in mind, consider; / in + / mind,
soul.] (Logic) An argument consisting of
only two propositions, an antecedent and consequent deduced from
it; a syllogism with one premise omitted; as, We are dependent;
therefore we should be humble. Here the major proposition is
suppressed. The complete syllogism would be, Dependent creatures
should be humble; we are dependent creatures; therefore we should
be humble.
En*tice" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enticed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Enticing
(?).] [OE. entisen,
enticen, OF. enticier,
entichier; pref. en- (L. in) + a
word of uncertain origin, cf. OF. atisier to stir a
fire, provoke, L. titio firebrand, or MHG.
zicken to push.] To draw on, by exciting
hope or desire; to allure; to attract; as, the bait
enticed the fishes. Often in a bad sense: To lead
astray; to induce to evil; to tempt; as, the sirens
enticed them to listen.
Roses blushing as they blow,
And enticing men to pull.
Beau. & Fl.
My son, if sinners entice thee, consent thou
not.
Prov. i. 10.
Go, and thine erring brother gain,
Entice him home to be forgiven.
Keble.
Syn. -- To allure; lure; coax; decoy; seduce; tempt;
inveigle; incite; persuade; prevail on. See
Allure.
En*tice"a*ble (?), a. Capable
of being enticed.
En*tice"ment (?), n. [OF.
enticement.]
1. The act or practice of alluring or tempting;
as, the enticements of evil companions.
2. That which entices, or incites to evil; means of
allurement; alluring object; as, an enticement to
sin.
Syn. -- Allurement; attraction; temptation; seduction;
inveiglement; persuasion; inducement.
En*ti"cer (?), n. One who
entices; one who incites or allures to evil.
Burton.
En*ti"cing (?), a. That
entices; alluring.
En*ti"cing*ly, adv. In an enticing
manner; charmingly. \'bdShe . . . sings most
enticingly.\'b8
Addison.
En*tier"ty (?), n. See
Entirety. [Obs.]
En*tire" (?), a. [F.
entier, L. integer untouched, undiminished,
entire; pref. in-, negative + the root of
tangere to touch. See Tangent, and cf.
Integer.]
1. Complete in all parts; undivided; undiminished;
whole; full and perfect; not deficient; as, the
entire control of a business; entire
confidence, ignorance.
That ye may be perfect and entire, wanting
nothing.
James i. 4.
With strength entire and free will armed.
Milton.
One entire and perfect chrysolite.
Shak.
2. Without mixture or alloy of anything;
unqualified; morally whole; pure; faithful.
Pure fear and entire cowardice.
Shak.
No man had ever a heart more entire to the
king.
Clarendon.
3. (Bot.) (a) Consisting of a
single piece, as a corolla. (b) Having an
evenly continuous edge, as a leaf which has no kind of
teeth.
4. Not gelded; -- said of a horse.
5. Internal; interior. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Syn. -- See Whole, and Radical.
En*tire", n.
1. Entirely. \'bdToo long to print in
entire.\'b8
Thackeray.
2. (Brewing) A name originally given to
a kind of beer combining qualities of different kinds of
beer. [Eng.] \'bdFoker's
Entire.\'b8
Thackeray.
En*tire"ly, adv.
1. In an entire manner; wholly; completely; fully;
as, the trace is entirely lost.
Euphrates falls not entirely into the Persian
Sea.
Raleigh.
2. Without alloy or mixture; truly;
sincerely.
To highest God entirely pray.
Spenser.
En*tire"ness (?), n.
1. The state or condition of being entire;
completeness; fullness; totality; as, the entireness
of an arch or a bridge.
This same entireness or completeness.
Trench.
2. Integrity; wholeness of heart; honesty.
[R.]
Entireness in preaching the gospel.
Udall.
3. Oneness; unity; -- applied to a condition of
intimacy or close association. [Obs.]
True Christian love may be separated from acquaintance, and
acquaintance from entireness.
Bp. Hall.
En*tire"ty (?), n.; pl.
Entireness (#). [OF.
entieret\'82. Cf. Integrity.]
1. The state of being entire; completeness; as,
entirely of interest.
Blackstone.
2. That which is entire; the whole.
Bacon.
En"ti*ta*tive (?), a. [See
Entity.] Considered as pure entity;
abstracted from all circumstances. Ellis. --
En"ti*ta*tive*ly, adv.
En*ti"tle (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Entitled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Entitling
(?).] [OF. entituler, F.
intituler, LL. intitulare, fr. L. in +
titulus title. See Title, and cf.
Intitule.]
1. To give a title to; to affix to as a name or
appellation; hence, also, to dignify by an honorary designation;
to denominate; to call; as, to entitle a book
\'bdCommentaries;\'b8 to entitle a man
\'bdHonorable.\'b8
That which . . . we entitle patience.
Shak.
2. To give a claim to; to qualify for, with a
direct object of the person, and a remote object of the thing; to
furnish with grounds for seeking or claiming with success;
as, an officer's talents entitle him to
command.
3. To attribute; to ascribe.
[Obs.]
The ancient proverb . . . entitles this work . . .
peculiarly to God himself.
Milton.
Syn. -- To name; designate; style; characterize; empower;
qualify; enable; fit.
En*tit"ule (?), v. t. [See
Entitle.] To entitle.
B. Jonson.
En"ti*ty (?), n.; pl.
Entities (#). [LL.
entitas, fr. L. ens, entis,
thing, prop. p. pr. of esse to be: cf. F.
entit\'82. See Essence, Is.]
A real being, whether in thought (as an ideal conception) or
in fact; being; essence; existence.
Self-subsisting entities, such as our own
personality.
Shairp.
Fortune is no real entity, . . . but a mere
relative signification.
Bentley.
En"to- (?). [Gr. / within, fr. / in.
See In.] A combining form signifying
within; as, entoblast.
En"to*blast (?), n.
[Ento- + -blast.]
(Biol.) The inner germ layer; endoderm. See
Nucleolus.
\'d8En`to*bron"chi*um (?), n.;
pl. Entobronchia (#). [See
Ento-, and Bronchia.]
(Anat.) One of the main bronchi in the lungs of
birds.
{ En`to*cu*ne"i*form (?),
En`to*cu"ni*form (?), } n.
[Ento- + cuneiform,
cuniform.] (Anat.) One of the
bones of the tarsus. See Cuneiform.
En"to*derm (?), n.
[Ento- + Gr. / skin.] (Biol.)
See Endoderm, and Illust. of
Blastoderm.
{ En`to*der"mal (?),
En`to*der"mic (?), } a.
(Biol.) Relating to the entoderm.
En`to*gas"tric (?), a.
[Ento- + Gr. / the stomach.]
(Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the interior of the
stomach; -- applied to a mode of budding from the interior of the
gastric cavity, in certain hydroids.
En*tog"e*nous (?), a.
[Ento- + -genous.]
(Biol.) See Endogenous.
En`to*glos"sal (?), a.
[Ento- + Gr. / the tongue.]
(Anat.) Within the tongue; -- applied to the
glossohyal bone.
En*toil" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Entoiled
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Entoiling.] To take with toils or bring
into toils; to insnare. [R.]
Entoiled in woofed phantasies.
Keats.
En*tomb" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Entombed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Entombing.] [Pref. en- +
tomb: cf. OF. entomber.] To
deposit in a tomb, as a dead body; to bury; to inter; to
inhume.
Hooker.
En*tomb"ment (?), n. The act of
entombing or burying, or state of being entombed; burial.
Barrow.
En"to*mere (?), n.
[Ento- + -mere.]
(Biol.) The more granular cells, which finally
become internal, in many segmenting ova, as those of
mammals.
{ En*tom"ic (?), En*tom"ic*al
(?), } a. [Gr. / insect. See
Entomology.] (Zo\'94l.) Relating
to insects; entomological.
En"to*moid (?), a. [Gr. /
insect + -oid.] (Zo\'94l.)
Resembling an insect. -- n. An
object resembling an insect.
En*tom"o*lin (?), n. [Gr. /
insect.] (Chem.) See Chitin.
En*tom"o*lite (?), n. [Gr. /
insect + -lite.] (Paleon.) A
fossil insect.
{ En`to*mo*log"ic (?),
En`to*mo*log"ic*al (?), } a.
[Cf. F. entomologique.] Of or relating
to entomology. --
En`to*mo*log"ic*al*ly,
adv.
En`to*mol"o*gist (?), n. [Cf.
F. entomologiste.] One versed in
entomology.
En`to*mol"o*gize (?), v. i. To
collect specimens in the study of entomology.
C. Kingsley.
En`to*mol"o*gy (?), n.; pl.
Entomologies (#). [Gr.
'e`ntomon insect (so called because nearly cut in two,
fr. 'e`ntomos cut in; 'en in +
te`mnein to cut) + -logy: cf. F.
entomologie. See In, and Tome, and
cf. Insect.]
1. That part of zo\'94logy which treats of
insects.
2. A treatise on the science of entomology.
\'d8En`to*moph"a*ga (?), n.;
pl. [NL., fr. Gr. 'e`ntomon an insect
+ fagei^n to eat.] (Zo\'94l.)
1. One of a group of hymenopterous insects whose
larv\'91 feed parasitically upon living insects. See
Ichneumon, 2.
2. A group of marsupials which are partly
insectivorous, as the opossum.
3. A group of edentates, including the
ant-eaters.
<-- p. 498 -->
En`to*moph"a*gan (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Relating to the Entomophaga. --
n. One of the Entomophaga.
En`to*moph"a*gous (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Feeding on insects;
insectivorous.
En`to*moph"i*lous (?), a. [Gr.
/ insect + / a lover.] (Bot.)
Fertilized by the agency of insects; -- said of plants in
which the pollen is carried to the stigma by insects.
\'d8En`to*mos"tra*ca (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / cut in pieces + / burnt clay, the hard
shell of Testacea.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the
subclasses of Crustacea, including a large number of species,
many of them minute. The group embraces several orders; as the
Phyllopoda, Ostracoda, Copepoda, and Pectostraca. See
Copepoda, Phyllopoda, and
Cladocera.
En`to*mos"tra*can (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Relating to the Entomostraca. --
n. One of the Entomostraca.
En`to*mos"tra*cous (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Belonging to the Entomostracans.
En`to*mot"o*mist (?), n. One
who practices entomotomy.
En`to*mot"o*my (?), n. [Gr. /
insect + / to cut.] The science of the dissection of
insects.
En*ton"ic (?), a. [Gr. /
strained, fr. / to strain. See Entasis.]
(Med.) Having great tension, or exaggerated
action.
Dunglison.
En`to*pe*riph"er*al (?), a.
[Ento- + peripheral.]
(Physiol.) Being, or having its origin, within
the external surface of the body; -- especially applied to
feelings, such as hunger, produced by internal disturbances.
Opposed to epiperipheral.
En"to*phyte (?), n.
[Ento- + Gr. / a plant.]
(Med.) A vegetable parasite subsisting in the
interior of the body.
En`to*phyt"ic (?), a. Of or
pertaining to entophytes; as, an entophytic
disease.
En"to*plasm (?), n.
[Ento- + Gr. / anything formed.]
(Biol.) (a) The inner granular layer of
protoplasm in a developing ovum. (b)
Endosarc.
En`to*plas"tic (?), a.
[Ento- + Gr. / to mold.]
(Biol.) Pertaining to, or composed of, entoplasm;
as, the entoplastic products of some Protozoa, or
the entoplastic modification of the cell protoplasm, by
which a nucleus is produced.
En`to*plas"tron (?), n.; pl.
Entoplastra (#). [Ento-
+ plastron.] (Anat.) The median
plate of the plastron of turtles; -- called also
entosternum.
\'d8En`to*proc"ta (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / within + / the anus.]
(Zo\'94l.) A group of Bryozoa in which the anus
is within the circle of tentacles. See
Pedicellina.
Ent*op"tic (?), a.
[Ent- + optic.]
(Physiol.) Relating to objects situated within
the eye; esp., relating to the perception of objects in one's own
eye.
Ent*or"gan*ism (?), n.
[Ent- + organism.]
(Biol.) An internal parasitic organism.
En*tor`ti*la"tion (?), n. [F.
entortiller to twist; pref. en- (L.
in) + tortiller to twist.] A
turning into a circle; round figures. [Obs.]
Donne.
\'d8En`to*ster"num (?), n.; pl.
Entosterna (#). [NL. See
Ento-, and Sternum.] (Anat.)
See Entoplastron. --
En`to*ster"nal (#),
a.
En*tos"tho*blast (?), n. [Gr.
'e`ntosthe from within + -blast.]
(Biol.) The granule within the nucleolus or
entoblast of a nucleated cell.
Agassiz.
En`to*tho"rax (?), n.
[Ento- + thorax.]
(Zo\'94l.) See Endothorax.
Ent*ot"ic (?), a.
[Ent- + Gr. /, /, the ear.]
(Anat.) Pertaining to the interior of the
ear.
\'d8En`to*zo"a (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / within + / an animal.]
(Zo\'94l.)
1. A group of worms, including the tapeworms,
flukes, roundworms, etc., most of which live parasitically in the
interior of other animals; the Helminthes.
2. An artificial group, including all kinds of
animals living parasitically in others.
{ En`to*zo"al (?), En`to*zo"ic
(?), } a. (Zo\'94l.)
Pertaining to, or consisting of, the Entozoa.
En`to*zo*\'94l"o*gist (?), n.
[Entozo\'94n + -logy +
-ist.] One versed in the science of the
Entozoa.
\'d8En`to*zo"\'94n (?), n.; pl.
Entozoa (#). [NL. See
Entozoa.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the
Entozoa.
\'d8En`tr'acte" (?), n. [F. Cf.
Interact.]
1. The interval of time which occurs between the
performance of any two acts of a drama.
2. A dance, piece of music, or interlude, performed
between two acts of a drama.
En*trail" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + OF. treiller to grate, lattice, F.
treille vine, arbor. See Trellis.]
To interweave; to intertwine. [Obs.]
Spenser.
En*trail", n. Entanglement; fold.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
En"trails (?), n. pl. [F.
entrailles, LL. intralia,
intranea, fr. interaneum, pl.
interanea, intestine, interaneus inward,
interior, fr. inter between, among, within. See
Internal.]
1. The internal parts of animal bodies; the bowels;
the guts; viscera; intestines.
2. The internal parts; as, the
entrails of the earth.
That treasure . . . hid the dark entrails of
America.
Locke.
En*train" (?), v. t. [F.
entrainer.] To draw along as a current
does; as, water entrained by steam.
En*train", v. t. [Pref. en- +
train.] To put aboard a railway train;
as, to entrain a regiment. [Recent,
Eng.]
En*train", v. i. To go aboard a railway
train; as, the troops entrained at the
station. [Recent, Eng.]
En*tram"mel (?), v. t. [See
Trammel.] To trammel; to entangle.
Bp. Hacket.
En"trance (?), n. [OF.
entrance, fr. OF. & F. entrant, p. pr. of
entrer to enter. See Enter.]
1. The act of entering or going into; ingress;
as, the entrance of a person into a house or an
apartment; hence, the act of taking possession, as of
property, or of office; as, the entrance of an heir
upon his inheritance, or of a magistrate into office.
2. Liberty, power, or permission to enter; as,
to give entrance to friends.
Shak.
3. The passage, door, or gate, for entering.
Show us, we pray thee, the entrance into the
city.
Judg. i. 24.
4. The entering upon; the beginning, or that with
which the beginning is made; the commencement; initiation;
as, a difficult entrance into business.
\'bdBeware of entrance to a quarrel.\'b8
Shak.
St. Augustine, in the entrance of one of his
discourses, makes a kind of apology.
Hakewill.
5. The causing to be entered upon a register, as a
ship or goods, at a customhouse; an entering; as, his
entrance of the arrival was made the same
day.
6. (Naut.) (a) The angle which
the bow of a vessel makes with the water at the water line.
Ham. Nav. Encyc. (b) The bow, or entire
wedgelike forepart of a vessel, below the water line.
Totten.
En*trance" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Entranced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Entrancing
(?).] [Pref. en- +
trance.]
1. To put into a trance; to make insensible to
present objects.
Him, still entranced and in a litter laid,
They bore from field and to the bed conveyed.
Dryden.
2. To put into an ecstasy; to ravish with delight
or wonder; to enrapture; to charm.
And I so ravished with her heavenly note,
I stood entranced, and had no room for thought.
Dryden.
En*trance"ment (?), n. The act
of entrancing, or the state of trance or ecstasy.
Otway.
En"trant (?), n. [See
Entrance, n.]
1. One who enters; a beginner. \'bdThe
entrant upon life.\'b8
Bp. Terrot.
2. An applicant for admission.
Stormonth.
En*trap" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Entrapped
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Entrapping.] [Pref. en- +
trap: cf. OF. entraper.] To
catch in a trap; to insnare; hence, to catch, as in a trap, by
artifices; to involve in difficulties or distresses; to catch or
involve in contradictions; as, to be entrapped by
the devices of evil men.
A golden mesh, to entrap the hearts of men.
Shak.
Syn. -- To insnare; inveigle; tangle; decoy; entangle.
En*treat" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Entreated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Entreating.] [OE.
entreten to treat, request, OF. entraiter
to treat of; pref. en- (L. in) +
traitier to treat. See Treat.]
1. To treat, or conduct toward; to deal with; to
use. [Obs.]
Fairly let her be entreated.
Shak.
I will cause the enemy to entreat thee well.
Jer. xv. 11.
2. To treat with, or in respect to, a thing
desired; hence, to ask earnestly; to beseech; to petition or pray
with urgency; to supplicate; to importune.
\'bdEntreat my wife to come.\'b8 \'bdI do
entreat your patience.\'b8
Shak.
I must entreat of you some of that money.
Shak.
Some late visitor entreating entrance at my chamber
door.
Poe.
Isaac entreated the Lord for his wife.
Gen. xxv. 21.
3. To beseech or supplicate successfully; to
prevail upon by prayer or solicitation; to persuade.
It were a fruitless attempt to appease a power whom no prayers
could entreat.
Rogers.
4. To invite; to entertain.
[Obs.] \'bdPleasures to entreat.\'b8
Spenser.
Syn. -- To beseech; beg; solicit; crave; implore;
supplicate. See Beseech.
En*treat", v. i.
1. To treat or discourse; hence, to enter into
negotiations, as for a treaty. [Obs.]
Of which I shall have further occasion to
entreat.
Hakewill.
Alexander . . . was first that entreated of true
peace with them.
1 Mac. x. 47.
2. To make an earnest petition or request.
The Janizaries entreated for them as valiant
men.
Knolles.
En*treat", n. Entreaty.
[Obs.]
Ford.
En*treat"a*ble (?), a. That may
be entreated.
En*treat"ance (?), n.
Entreaty. [Obs.]
Fairfax.
En*treat"er (?), n. One who
entreats; one who asks earnestly; a beseecher.
En*treat"ful (?), a. Full of
entreaty. [R.] See Intreatful.
En*treat"ing*ly, adv. In an entreating
manner.
En*treat"ive (?), a. Used in
entreaty; pleading. [R.]
\'bdEntreative phrase.\'b8
A. Brewer.
En*treat"ment (?), n. Entreaty;
invitation. [Obs.]
Shak.
En*treat"y, n.; pl.
Entreaties (/).
1. Treatment; reception; entertainment.
[Obs.]
B. Jonson.
2. The act of entreating or beseeching; urgent
prayer; earnest petition; pressing solicitation.
Fair entreaty, and sweet blandishment.
Spenser.
Syn. -- Solicitation; request; suit; supplication;
importunity.
\'d8En`tr\'82e" (?), n. [F. See
Entry.]
1. A coming in, or entrance; hence, freedom of
access; permission or right to enter; as, to have the
entr\'82e of a house.
2. (Cookery) In French usage, a dish
served at the beginning of dinner to give zest to the appetite;
in English usage, a side dish, served with a joint, or between
the courses, as a cutlet, scalloped oysters, etc.
\'d8En`tre*mets" (?), n. sing. & pl.
[F., fr. entre between + mets a dish,
mess.]
1. (Cookery) A side dish; a dainty or
relishing dish usually eaten after the joints or principal dish;
also, a sweetmeat, served with a dinner.
2. Any small entertainment between two greater
ones. [R.]
En*trench" (?), v. t. See
Intrench.
\'d8En`tre*p\'93t" (?), n.
[F.] A warehouse; a magazine for depositing
goods, stores, etc.; a mart or place where merchandise is
deposited; as, an entrep\'93t for shipping goods in
transit.
\'d8En`tre*pre*neur" (?), n.
[F. See Enterprise.] (Polit.
Econ.) One who creates a product on his own account;
whoever undertakes on his own account an industrial enterprise in
which workmen are employed.
F. A. Walker.
\'d8En`tre*sol" (?), n.
[F.] (Arch.) A low story between two
higher ones, usually between the ground floor and the first
story; mezzanine.
Parker.
En*trick" (?), v. t. [Cf. OE.
entriken to perplex, OF. entriquer. Cf.
Trick, Intrigue.] To trick, to
perplex. [Obs.]
Rom. of R.
En"tro*chal (?), a. Pertaining
to, or consisting of, entrochites, or the joints of encrinites;
-- used of a kind of stone or marble.
En"tro*chite (?), n. [Pref.
en- + Gr. / wheel.] (Paleon.)
A fossil joint of a crinoid stem.
\'d8En*tro"pi*on (?), n.
[NL.] (Med.) Same as
Entropium.
\'d8En*tro"pi*um (?), n. [NL.
See Entropy.] (Med.) The inversion
or turning in of the border of the eyelids.
En"tro*py (?), n. [Gr. / a
turning in; / in + / a turn, fr. / to turn.]
(Thermodynamics) A certain property of a body,
expressed as a measurable quantity, such that when there is no
communication of heat the quantity remains constant, but when
heat enters or leaves the body the quantity increases or
diminishes. If a small amount, h, of heat enters the
body when its temperature is t in the thermodynamic
scale the entropy of the body is increased by h / t.
The entropy is regarded as measured from some standard
temperature and pressure. Sometimes called the thermodynamic
function.
The entropy of the universe tends towards a
maximum.
Clausius.
En*trust" (?), v. t. See
Intrust.
En"try (?), n.; pl.
Entries (#). [OE.
entree, entre, F. entr\'82e, fr.
entrer to enter. See Enter, and cf.
Entr\'82e.]
1. The act of entering or passing into or upon;
entrance; ingress; hence, beginnings or first attempts; as,
the entry of a person into a house or city; the
entry of a river into the sea; the entry of air
into the blood; an entry upon an undertaking.
2. The act of making or entering a record; a
setting down in writing the particulars, as of a transaction;
as, an entry of a sale; also, that which is
entered; an item.
A notary made an entry of this act.
Bacon.
3. That by which entrance is made; a passage
leading into a house or other building, or to a room; a
vestibule; an adit, as of a mine.
A straight, long entry to the temple led.
Dryden.
4. (Com.) The exhibition or depositing
of a ship's papers at the customhouse, to procure license to land
goods; or the giving an account of a ship's cargo to the officer
of the customs, and obtaining his permission to land the goods.
See Enter, v. t., 8, and Entrance,
n., 5.
5. (Law) (a) The actual taking
possession of lands or tenements, by entering or setting foot on
them. (b) A putting upon record in proper
form and order. (c) The act in addition to
breaking essential to constitute the offense or burglary.
Burrill.
Bill of entry. See under Bill.
-- Double entry, Single entry.
See Bookkeeping. -- Entry clerk
(Com.), a clerk who makes the original entries of
transactions in a business. -- Writ of entry
(Law), a writ issued for the purpose of obtaining
possession of land from one who has unlawfully entered and
continues in possession.
Bouvier.
En"tryng (?), n. Am
entrance. [Obs.]
So great an entryng and so large.
Chaucer.
En*tune" (?), v. t. To tune; to
intone.
Chaucer.
En*twine" (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + twine. Cf. Intwine.]
To twine, twist, or wreathe together or round.
[Written also intwine.]
Entwined in duskier wreaths her braided locks.
Shelley.
Thy glorious household stuff did me entwine.
Herbert.
En*twine", v. i. To be twisted or
twined.
With whose imperial laurels might entwine no
cypress.
De Quincey.
En*twine"ment (?), n. A twining
or twisting together or round; union.
Bp. Hacket.
En*twist" (?), v. t. To twist
or wreathe round; to intwine.
Shak.
E*nu"bi*late (?), v. t. [L.
enubilatus, p. p. of enubilare to
enubilate; e out + nubila clouds, fr.
nubilis cloudy, nubes cloud.] To
clear from mist, clouds, or obscurity. [R.]
Bailey.
E*nu"bi*lous (?), a. [See
Enubilate.] Free from fog, mist, or clouds;
clear. [R.]
E*nu"cle*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enucleated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Enucleating
(?).] [L. enucleatus, p. p.
of enucleare to enucleate; e out +
nucleus kernel.]
1. To bring or peel out, as a kernel from its
enveloping husks its enveloping husks or shell.
2. (Med.) To remove without cutting (as
a tumor).
3. To bring to light; to make clear.
Sclater (1654).
E*nu`cle*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82nucl\'82ation.] The act of enucleating;
elucidation; exposition.
Neither sir, nor water, nor food, seem directly to contribute
anything to the enucleation of this disease.
Tooke.
E*nu"mer*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enumerated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Enumerating
(?).] [L. enumeratus, p. p.
of enumerare to count out, enumerate; e out
+ numerare to count, fr. numerus number.
See Number.] To count; to tell by numbers; to
count over, or tell off one after another; to number; to reckon
up; to mention one by one; to name over; to make a special and
separate account of; to recount; as, to enumerate
the stars in a constellation.
Enumerating the services he had done.
Ludlow.
Syn. -- To reckon; compute; calculate; count; estimate;
relate; rehearse; recapitulate; detail.
<-- p. 499 -->
E*nu`mer*a"tion (?), n. [L.
enumeratio: cf. F.
\'82num\'82ration.]
1. The act of enumerating, making separate mention,
or recounting.
2. A detailed account, in which each thing is
specially noticed.
Because almost every man we meet possesses these, we leave
them out of our enumeration.
Paley.
3. (Rhet.) A recapitulation, in the
peroration, of the heads of an argument.
E*nu"mer*a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82num\'82ratif.] Counting, or reckoning
up, one by one.
Enumerative of the variety of evils.
Jer. Taylor.
E*nu"mer*a`tor (?), n. One who
enumerates.
E*nun"ci*a*ble (?), a. Capable
of being enunciated or expressed.
E*nun"ci*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enunciated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Enunciating
(?).] [L. enuntiatus,
-ciatus, p. p. of enuntiare,
-ciare. See Enounce.]
1. To make a formal statement of; to announce; to
proclaim; to declare, as a truth.
The terms in which he enunciates the great
doctrines of the gospel.
Coleridge.
2. To make distinctly audible; to utter
articulately; to pronounce; as, to enunciate a word
distinctly.
E*nun"ci*ate, v. i. To utter words or
syllables articulately.
E*nun`ci*a"tion (?; 277), n.
[L. enuntiatio, -ciatio.]
1. The act of enunciating, announcing, proclaiming,
or making known; open attestation; declaration; as, the
enunciation of an important truth.
By way of interpretation and enunciation.
Jer. Taylor.
2. Mode of utterance or pronunciation, especially
as regards fullness and distinctness or articulation; as, to
speak with a clear or impressive enunciation.
3. That which is enunciated or announced; words in
which a proposition is expressed; an announcement; a formal
declaration; a statement.
Every intelligible enunciation must be either true
or false.
A. Clarke.
E*nun"ci*a*tive (?), a. [L.
enuntiativus, -ciativus.]
Pertaining to, or containing, enunciation;
declarative. Ayliffe. --
E*nun"ci*a*tive*ly,
adv.
E*nun"ci*a`tor (?), n. [L.
enuntiator, enunciator.] One who
enunciates or proclaims.
E*nun"ci*a*to*ry (?), a.
Pertaining to, or containing, enunciation or
utterance.
En*ure" (?), v. t. See
Inure.
\'d8En`u*re"sis (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / to urinate in; / + / urine.]
(Med.) An involuntary discharge of urine;
incontinence of urine.
En*vas"sal (?), v. t. To make a
vassal of. [Obs.]
En*vault" (?), v. t. To inclose
in a vault; to entomb. [R.]
Swift.
En*vei"gle (?), v. t. To
entice. See Inveigle.
En*vel"op (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enveloped
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enveloping.] [OE. envolupen,
envolipen, OF. envoluper,
envoleper, F. envelopper; pref.
en- (L. in) + voluper,
voleper. See Develop.] To put a
covering about; to wrap up or in; to inclose within a case,
wrapper, integument or the like; to surround entirely; as, to
envelop goods or a letter; the fog envelops a
ship.
Nocturnal shades this world envelop.
J. Philips.
{ En"vel*ope (?; 277), En*vel"op
(?; 277), } n. [F.
enveloppe.]
1. That which envelops, wraps up, encases, or
surrounds; a wrapper; an inclosing cover; esp., the cover or
wrapper of a document, as of a letter.
2. (Astron.) The nebulous covering of
the head or nucleus of a comet; -- called also
coma.
3. (Fort.) A work of earth, in the form
of a single parapet or of a small rampart. It is sometimes raised
in the ditch and sometimes beyond it.
Wilhelm.
4. (Geom.) A curve or surface which is
tangent to each member of a system of curves or surfaces, the
form and position of the members of the system being allowed to
vary according to some continuous law. Thus, any curve is the
envelope of its tangents.
<-- 4. A set of limits for the performance capabilities of some
type of machine, originally used to refer to aircraft. Now also
used metaphorically to refer to capabilities of any system in
general, including human organizations, esp. in the phrase
push the envelope. It is used to refer to the maximum
performance available at the current state of the technology, and
therefore refers to a class of machines in general, not a
specific machine.
push the envelope Increase the capability of some
type of machine or system; -- usu. by technological development.
-->
En*vel"op*ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
enveloppement.]
1. The act of enveloping or wrapping; an inclosing
or covering on all sides.
2. That which envelops or surrounds; an
envelop.
En*ven"ime (?), v. t. To
envenom. [Obs.]
En*ven"om (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Envenomed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Envenoming.] [OE. envenimen,
F. envenimer; pref. en- (L. in)
+ F. venin poison. See Venom.]
1. To taint or impregnate with venom, or any
substance noxious to life; to poison; to render dangerous or
deadly by poison, as food, drink, a weapon; as,
envenomed meat, wine, or arrow; also, to poison (a
person) by impregnating with venom.
Alcides . . . felt the envenomed robe.
Milton.
O, what a world is this, when what is comely
Envenoms him that bears it!
Shak.
2. To taint or impregnate with bitterness, malice,
or hatred; to imbue as with venom; to imbitter.
The envenomed tongue of calumny.
Smollett.
On the question of slavery opinion has of late years been
peculiarly envenomed.
Sir G. C. Lewis.
En*ver"meil (?), v. t. [Pref.
en- + vermeil: cf. OF.
envermeiller. See Vermil.] To
color with, or as with, vermilion; to dye red.
[Obs.]
Milton.
En"vi*a*ble (?), a. [From
Envy.] Fitted to excite envy; capable of
awakening an ardent desire to posses or to resemble.
One of most enviable of human beings.
Macaulay.
-- En"vi*a*ble*ness, n. --
En"vi*a*bly, adv.
En*vie" (?), v. i. [See
Vie.] To vie; to emulate; to strive.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
En"vi*er (?), n. One who
envies; one who desires inordinately what another
possesses.
En*vig"or (?), v. t. To
invigorate. [Obs.]
En"vi*ous (?), a. [OF.
envios, F. envieux, fr. L.
invidiosus, fr. invidia envy. See
Envy, and cf. Invidious.]
1. Malignant; mischievous; spiteful.
[Obs.]
Each envious brier his weary legs doth scratch.
Shak.
2. Feeling or exhibiting envy; actuated or directed
by, or proceeding from, envy; -- said of a person, disposition,
feeling, act, etc.; jealously pained by the excellence or good
fortune of another; maliciously grudging; -- followed by
of, at, and against; as, an
envious man, disposition, attack; envious
tongues.
My soul is envious of mine eye.
Keble.
Neither be thou envious at the wicked.
Prov. xxiv. 19.
3. Inspiring envy. [Obs. or
Poetic]
He to him leapt, and that same envious gage
Of victor's glory from him snatched away.
Spenser.
4. Excessively careful; cautious.
[Obs.]
No men are so envious of their health.
Jer. Taylor.
-- En"vi*ous*ly, adv. --
En"vi*ous*ness, n.
En*vi"ron (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Environed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Environing.] [F. environner,
fr. environ about, thereabout; pref. en-
(L. in) + OF. viron circle, circuit, fr.
OF. & F. virer to turn, LL. virare to turn
up and down, topsy-turvy. Cf. Veer.] To
surround; to encompass; to encircle; to hem in; to be round
about; to involve or envelop.
Dwelling in a pleasant glade,
With mountains round about environed.
Spenser.
Environed he was with many foes.
Shak.
Environ me with darkness whilst I write.
Donne.
En*vi"ron, adv. [F.] About;
around. [Obs.]
Lord Godfrey's eye three times environ goes.
Fairfax.
En*vi"ron*ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
environnement.]
1. Act of environing; state of being
environed.
2. That which environs or surrounds; surrounding
conditions, influences, or forces, by which living forms are
influenced and modified in their growth and development.
It is no friendly environment, this of thine.
Carlyle.
En*vi"rons (?; 277), n. pl.
[F.] The parts or places which surround another
place, or lie in its neighborhood; suburbs; as, the
environs of a city or town.
Chesterfield.
En*vis"age (?; 48), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Envisaged (?;
48); p. pr. & vb. n. Envisaging
(?).] [F. envisager; pref.
en- (L. in) + visage face,
visage. See Visage.] To look in the face of;
to apprehend; to regard. [R.]
Keats.
From the very dawn of existence the infant must
envisage self, and body acting on self.
McCosh.
En*vis"age*ment (?), n. The act
of envisaging.
En*vol"ume (?), v. t. To form
into, or incorporate with, a volume. [R.]
En*vol"up (?), v. t. [See
Envelop.] To wrap up; to envelop.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
En"voy (?), n. [F.
envoy\'82 envoy, fr. envoyer to send; pref.
en- (L. in) + voie way, L.
via: cf. F. envoi an envoy (in sense 2).
See Voyage, and cf. Invoice.]
1. One dispatched upon an errand or mission; a
messenger; esp., a person deputed by a sovereign or a government
to negotiate a treaty, or transact other business, with a foreign
sovereign or government; a minister accredited to a foreign
government. An envoy's rank is below that of an ambassador.
2. [F. envoi, fr. envoyer to
send.] An explanatory or commendatory postscript to a
poem, essay, or book; -- also in the French from,
l'envoi.
The envoy of a ballad is the \'bdsending\'b8 of it
forth.
Skeat.
En"voy*ship, n. The office or position
of an envoy.
En"vy (?), n.; pl.
Envies (#). [F. envie,
L. invidia envious; akin to invidere to
look askance at, to look with enmity; in against +
videre to see. See Vision.]
1. Malice; ill will; spite.
[Obs.]
If he evade us there,
Enforce him with his envy to the people.
Shak.
2. Chagrin, mortification, discontent, or
uneasiness at the sight of another's excellence or good fortune,
accompanied with some degree of hatred and a desire to possess
equal advantages; malicious grudging; -- usually followed by
of; as, they did this in envy of
C\'91sar.
Envy is a repining at the prosperity or good of
another, or anger and displeasure at any good of another which we
want, or any advantage another hath above us.
Ray.
No bliss
Enjoyed by us excites his envy more.
Milton.
Envy, to which the ignoble mind's a slave,
Is emulation in the learned or brave.
Pope.
3. Emulation; rivalry. [Obs.]
Such as cleanliness and decency
Prompt to a virtuous envy.
Ford.
4. Public odium; ill repute.
[Obs.]
To lay the envy of the war upon Cicero.
B. Jonson.
5. An object of envious notice or feeling.
This constitution in former days used to be the
envy of the world.
Macaulay.
En"vy, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Envied (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Envying.] [F. envier.]
1. To feel envy at or towards; to be envious of; to
have a feeling of uneasiness or mortification in regard to (any
one), arising from the sight of another's excellence or good
fortune and a longing to possess it.
A woman does not envy a man for his fighting
courage, nor a man a woman for her beauty.
Collier.
Whoever envies another confesses his
superiority.
Rambler.
2. To feel envy on account of; to have a feeling of
grief or repining, with a longing to possess (some excellence or
good fortune of another, or an equal good fortune, etc.); to look
with grudging upon; to begrudge.
I have seen thee fight,
When I have envied thy behavior.
Shak.
Jeffrey . . . had actually envied his friends their
cool mountain breezes.
Froude.
3. To long after; to desire strongly; to
covet.
Or climb his knee the envied kiss to share.
T. Gray.
4. To do harm to; to injure; to disparage.
[Obs.]
If I make a lie
To gain your love and envy my best mistress,
Put me against a wall.
J. Fletcher.
5. To hate. [Obs.]
Marlowe.
6. To emulate. [Obs.]
Spenser.
En"vy (?), v. i.
1. To be filled with envious feelings; to regard
anything with grudging and longing eyes; -- used especially with
at.
Who would envy at the prosperity of the wicked?
Jer. Taylor.
2. To show malice or ill will; to rail.
[Obs.] \'bdHe has . . . envied against
the people.\'b8
Shak.
En*vyned" (?), a. [OF.
enviner to store with wine; pref. en- (L.
in) + vin wine. See Vine.]
Stored or furnished with wine. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
En*wall" (?), v. t. See
Inwall.
Sir P. Sidney.
En*wal"low (?), v. t. To plunge
into, or roll in, flith; to wallow.
So now all three one senseless lump remain,
Enwallowed in his own black bloody gore.
Spenser.
En*wheel" (?), v. t. To
encircle.
Shak.
En*wid"en (?), v. t. To
widen. [Obs.]
En*wind" (?), v. t. To wind
about; to encircle.
In the circle of his arms
Enwound us both.
Tennyson.
En*wom"an (?), v. t. To endow
with the qualities of a woman. [R.]
Daniel.
En*womb" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Enwombed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Enwombing.]
1. To conceive in the womb.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
2. To bury, as it were in a womb; to hide, as in a
gulf, pit, or cavern.
Donne.
En*wrap" (?), v. t. To envelop.
See Inwrap.
En*wrap"ment (?), n. Act of
enwrapping; a wrapping or an envelope.
Shuckford.
En*wreathe" (?), v. t. See
Inwreathe.
Shelton.
En`zo*\'94t"ic (?), a. [Gr. /
in + / an animal: cf. F. enzo\'94tique.]
Afflicting animals; -- used of a disease affecting the
animals of a district. It corresponds to an endemic
disease among men.
En"zyme (?), n. [Pref.
en- (Gr. / in) + Gr. / leaven.]
(Physiol. Chem.) An unorganized or unformed
ferment, in distinction from an organized or living ferment; a
soluble, or chemical, ferment. Ptyalin, pepsin, diastase, and
rennet are good examples of enzymes.
E"o*cene (?), a. [Gr. /
daybreak, dawn + / new, recent.] (Geol.)
Pertaining to the first in time of the three subdivisions
into which the Tertiary formation is divided by geologists, and
alluding to the approximation in its life to that of the present
era; as, Eocene deposits. --
n. The Eocene formation.
Lyell.
E*o"li*an (?), a. [See
\'92olian.]
1. \'92olian.
2. (Geol.) Formed, or deposited, by the
action of wind, as dunes.
Eolian attachment, Eolian
harp. See \'92olian.
E*ol"ic (?), a. & n. See
\'92olic.
E*ol"i*pile (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82olipyle.] Same as
\'92olipile.
E"o*lis (?), n. [L.
Aeolis a daughter of \'92olus, Gr.
A'ioli`s.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of
nudibranch mollusks having clusters of branchial papill\'91 along
the back. See Ceratobranchia. [Written also
\'92olis.]
{ E"on (?), \'92"on (?),
} n. [L. aeon, fr. Gr.
a'iwn space or period of time, lifetime, age; akin to
L. aevum. See Age.]
1. An immeasurable or infinite space of time;
eternity; a long space of time; an age.
The eons of geological time.
Huxley.
2. (Gnostic Philos.) One of the
embodiments of the divine attributes of the Eternal Being.
Among the higher \'92ons are Mind, Reason, Power,
Truth, and Life.
Am. Cyc.
Eons were considered to be emanations
sent forth by God from the depths of His grand solitude to
fulfill various functions in the material and spiritual
universe.
E"o*phyte (?), n. [Gr. / dawn
+ / a plant.] (Paleon.) A fossil plant
which is found in the lowest beds of the Silurian age.
E`o*phyt"ic (?), a. Of or
pertaining to eophytes.
\'d8E"os (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.
'Hw`s.] (Gr. Myth.) Aurora, the
goddess of morn.
\'d8E`o*sau"rus (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. 'hw`s dawn + say^ros lizard.]
(Paleon.) An extinct marine reptile from the coal
measures of Nova Scotia; -- so named because supposed to be of
the earliest known reptiles.
E"o*sin (?), n. [Gr. /
dawn.] (Chem.) A yellow or brownish red
dyestuff obtained by the action of bromine on fluoresce\'8bn, and
named from the fine rose-red which it imparts to silk. It is also
used for making a fine red ink. Its solution is
fluorescent.
E*os"pho*rite (?), n. [From Gr.
/ Bringer of morn.] (Min.) A hydrous
phosphate of alumina and manganese. It is generally of a
rose-pink color, -- whence the name.
E`o*zo"ic (?), a. [See
Eozo\'94n.] (Geol.) Of or
pertaining to rocks or strata older than the Paleozoic, in many
of which the eozo\'94n has been found.
Azoic, and is preferred especially by those
geologists who regard the eozo\'94n as of organic origin. See
Arch\'91an.
\'d8E`o*zo"\'94n (?), n.; pl.
Eozo\'94ns (#), L. Eozoa
(#). [NL., fr. Gr. 'hw`s dawn +
zw^,on an animal.] (Paleon.) A
peculiar structure found in the Arch\'91an limestones of Canada
and other regions. By some geologists it is believed to be a
species of gigantic Foraminifera, but others consider it a
concretion, without organic structure.
<--p. 500 -->
<-- p. 500 -->
E`o*zo"\'94n*al (?), a.
(Paleon.) Pertaining to the eozo\'94n; containing
eozo\'94ns; as, eozo\'94nal limestone.
Ep- (?). [Gr. /.] See
Epi-.
\'d8Ep"a*cris (?), n. [NL.,
from Gr. / pointed at the end. So called in allusion to the
sharply pointed leaves.] (Bot.) A genus of
shrubs, natives of Australia, New Zealand, etc., having pretty
white, red, or purple blossoms, and much resembling heaths.
E"pact (?), n. [F.
\'82pacte, fr. Gr. / brought on or in, added, fr.
/ to bring on or in; / on, in + / to bring or lead. See
Epi-, and Act.] (Chron.)
The moon's age at the beginning of the calendar year, or the
number of days by which the last new moon has preceded the
beginning of the year.
Annual epact, the excess of the solar year
over the lunar year, -- being eleven days. --
Menstrual epact, Monthly
epact, the excess of a calendar month over a
lunar.
Ep`a*go"ge (?), n. [L., from
Gr. / a bringing in, fr. /. See Epact.]
(Logic) The adducing of particular examples so as
to lead to a universal conclusion; the argument by
induction.
Ep`a*gog"ic (?), a.
Inductive.
Latham.
E*pal"ate (?), a. [Pref.
e- + palpus.] (Zo\'94l.)
Without palpi.
\'d8Ep*an`a*di*plo"sis (?), n.
[L., fr. Gr. /; / + / to make double.]
(Rhet.) A figure by which the same word is used
both at the beginning and at the end of a sentence; as,
\'bdRejoice in the Lord always: and again I say,
Rejoice.\'b8
Phil. iv. 4.
\'d8Ep*an`a*lep"sis (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. /; / + / to take up.]
(Rhet.) A figure by which the same word or clause
is repeated after intervening matter.
Gibbs.
\'d8Ep`a*naph"o*ra (?), n. [L.,
fr. Gr. / a recurrence; / + / to bring or carry
back.] (Rhet.) Same as
Anaphora.
Gibbs.
\'d8Ep`a*nas"tro*phe (?), n.
[NL., from Gr. / a return, epanastrophe; / + / to
return.] (Rhet.) Same as
Anadiplosis.
Gibbs.
\'d8E*pan"o*dos (?), n. [L.,
fr. Gr. / a rising, return; / + / a way up, rising; / up
+ / way.] (Rhet.) A figure of speech in
which the parts of a sentence or clause are repeated in inverse
order, as in the following: --
O more exceeding love, or law more just?
Just law, indeed, but more exceeding love!
Milton.
E*pan"o*dy (?), n. [See
Epanodos.] (Bot.) The abnormal
change of an irregular flower to a regular form; -- considered by
evolutionists to be a reversion to an ancestral condition.
\'d8Ep`an*or*tho"sis (?), n.
[L., fr. Gr. /; / + / to set right again; / again +
/ to set straight.] A figure by which a speaker
recalls a word or words, in order to substitute something else
stronger or more significant; as, Most brave! Brave,
did I say? most heroic act!
Ep*an"thous (?), a. [Pref.
ep- + Gr. / flower.] (Bot.)
Growing upon flowers; -- said of certain species of
fungi.
Ep"arch (?), n. [Gr. /; /
over + / chief, / supreme power, dominion.] In
ancient Greece, the governor or perfect of a province; in modern
Greece, the ruler of an eparchy.
Ep"arch*y (?), n. [Gr. / the
post or office of an /.] A province, prefecture, or
territory, under the jurisdiction of an eparch or governor; esp.,
in modern Greece, one of the larger subdivisions of a monarchy or
province of the kingdom; in Russia, a diocese or
archdiocese.
Ep`ar*te"ri*al (?), a. [Pref.
ep- + arterial.] (Anat.)
Situated upon or above an artery; -- applied esp. to the
branches of the bronchi given off above the point where the
pulmonary artery crosses the bronchus.
E*paule" (?), n. [F.
\'82paule shoulder, shoulder of a bastion. See
Epaulet, and cf. Spall the shoulder.]
(Fort.) The shoulder of a bastion, or the place
where its face and flank meet and form the angle, called the
angle of the shoulder.
E*paule"ment (?), n. [F.
\'82paulement.] (Fort.) A side
work, made of gabions, fascines, or bags, filled with earth, or
of earth heaped up, to afford cover from the flanking fire of an
enemy.
{ Ep"au*let`, Ep"au*lette`}
(?), n. [F. \'82paulette,
dim. of \'82paule shoulder, fr. L. spatula
a broad piece (LL., shoulder), dim. of spatha abroad,
flat instrument, fr. Gr. /, also, a broad rib, shoulder blade.
See Spade the instrument, and cf. Epaule,
Spatula.] (Mil.) A shoulder
ornament or badge worn by military and naval officers,
differences of rank being marked by some peculiar form or device,
as a star, eagle, etc.; a shoulder knot.
{ Ep"au*let`ed, Ep"au*let`ted, }
a. Wearing epaulets; decorated with
epaulets.
Ep*ax"i*al (?), a. [Pref.
ep- + axial.] (Anat.)
Above, or on the dorsal side of, the axis of the skeleton;
episkeletal.
\'d8E*pei"ra (?), n.
[NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of spiders,
including the common garden spider (E. diadema). They
spin geometrical webs. See Garden spider.
Ep"en (?), n. (Anat.)
See Epencephalon.
Ep`en*ce*phal"ic (?), a.
(Anat.) (a) Pertaining to the
epencephalon. (b) Situated on or over the
brain.
\'d8Ep`en*ceph"a*lon (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / upon, near + / brain.]
(Anat.) The segment of the brain next behind the
midbrain, including the cerebellum and pons; the hindbrain.
Sometimes abbreviated to epen.
\'d8Ep*en"dy*ma (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / an upper garment; / upon + / a garment; / in +
/ to put on.] (Anat.) The epithelial
lining of the ventricles of the brain and the canal of the spinal
cord; endyma; ependymis.
\'d8Ep*en"dy*mis (?), n.
[NL.] See Ependyma.
Ep`e*net"ic (?), a. [Gr. /,
from / to praise; / + / to praise.] Bestowing
praise; eulogistic; laudatory. [Obs.]
E. Phillips.
\'d8E*pen"the*sis (?), n.; pl.
Epentheses (#). [L., fr. Gr. /;
/ + / to put or set in.] (Gram.) The
insertion of a letter or a sound in the body of a word; as,
the b in \'bdnimble\'b8 from AS.
n.
Ep`en*thet"ic (?), a. [Gr. /:
cf. F. \'82penth\'82tique.] (Gram.)
Inserted in the body of a word; as, an
epenthetic letter or sound.
\'d8\'90`pergne" (?), n. [F.
\'82pargne a sparing or saving; a treasury. \'bdOur
\'82pergne is a little treasury of sweetmeats, fruits,
and flowers.\'b8 Brewer.] A centerpiece for
table decoration, usually consisting of several dishes or
receptacles of different sizes grouped together in an ornamental
design.
\'d8\'90`per`lan" (?), n. [F.
\'82perlan, fr. G. spierling. See
Sparling.] (Zo\'94l.) The European
smelt (Osmerus eperlanus).
\'d8Ep*ex`e*ge"sis (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / detailed narrative, fr. / to recount in
detail; / + / to lead, point out. See
Exegesis.] A full or additional explanation;
exegesis.
Ep*ex`e*get"ic*al (?), a.
Relating to epexegesis; explanatory; exegetical.
{ E"phah (?), E"pha},
n. [Heb. //////.] A Hebrew
dry measure, supposed to be equal to two pecks and five quarts.
ten ephahs make one homer.
\'d8E*phem"e*ra (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / a day fly, fr. / daily, lasting but a day; / over
+ / day.]
1. (Med.) A fever of one day's
continuance only.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A genus of insects
including the day flies, or ephemeral flies. See Ephemeral
fly, under Ephemeral.
E*phem"er*al (?), a.
1. Beginning and ending in a day; existing only, or
no longer than, a day; diurnal; as, an ephemeral
flower.
2. Short-lived; existing or continuing for a short
time only. \'bdEphemeral popularity.\'b8
V. Knox.
Sentences not of ephemeral, but of eternal,
efficacy.
Sir J. Stephen.
Ephemeral fly (Zo\'94l.), one of a
group of neuropterous insects, belonging to the genus
Ephemera and many allied genera, which live in the
adult or winged state only for a short time. The larv\'91 are
aquatic; -- called also day fly and
May fly.
E*phem"er*al, n. Anything lasting but a
day, or a brief time; an ephemeral plant, insect, etc.
E*phem"er*an (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) One of the ephemeral flies.
E*phem"e*ric (?), a.
Ephemeral.
E*phem"e*ris (?), n.; pl.
Ephemerides (#). [L., a diary, Gr.
/, also, a calendar, fr. /. See Ephemera.]
1. A diary; a journal.
Johnson.
2. (Anat.) (a) A publication
giving the computed places of the heavenly bodies for each day of
the year, with other numerical data, for the use of the
astronomer and navigator; an astronomical almanac; as, the
\'bdAmerican Ephemeris and Nautical
Almanac.\'b8 (b) Any tabular statement
of the assigned places of a heavenly body, as a planet or comet,
on several successive days.
3. (Literature) A collective name for
reviews, magazines, and all kinds of periodical literature.
Brande & C.
E*phem"er*ist (?), n.
1. One who studies the daily motions and positions
of the planets.
Howell.
2. One who keeps an ephemeris; a journalist.
\'d8E*phem"e*ron (?), n.; pl.
Ephemera (#). [NL. See
Ephemera.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the
ephemeral flies.
E*phem"er*ous (?), a.
Ephemeral. [R.]
Burke.
E*phe"sian (?; 106), a. [L.
Ephesius: cf. F. \'82ph\'82sien.]
Of or pertaining to Ephesus, an ancient city of Ionia, in
Asia Minor.
E*phe"sian, n.
1. A native of Ephesus.
2. A jolly companion; a roisterer.
[Obs.]
Shak.
\'d8Eph`i*al"tes (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. /, lit., one who leaps upon.] The
nightmare.
Brande & C.
E*phip"pi*al (?), a.
Saddle-shaped; occupying an ephippium.
Dana.
\'d8E*phip"pi*um (?), n. [L.,
saddle cloth, fr. Gr. /; / on + / horse.]
1. (Anat.) A depression in the sphenoid
bone; the pituitary fossa.
2. (Zo\'94l.) A saddle-shaped cavity to
contain the winter eggs, situated on the back of Cladocera.
Eph"od (?), n. [Heb.
/////, fr. '\'bephad to put on.]
(Jew. Antiq.) A part of the sacerdotal habit
among Jews, being a covering for the back and breast, held
together on the shoulders by two clasps or brooches of onyx
stones set in gold, and fastened by a girdle of the same stuff as
the ephod. The ephod for the priests was of plain linen; that for
the high priest was richly embroidered in colors. The breastplate
of the high priest was worn upon the ephod in front.
Exodus xxviii. 6-12.
Eph"or (?), n.; pl.
Ephors (#), L. Ephori
(#). [L. ephorus, Gr. /, fr. /
to oversee; / + / to see: cf. F.
\'82phore.] (Gr. Antiq.) A
magistrate; one of a body of five magistrates chosen by the
people of ancient Sparta. They exercised control even over the
king.
Eph"or*al (?), a. Pertaining to
an ephor.
Eph"or*al*ty (?), n. The office
of an ephor, or the body of ephors.
E"phra*im (?), n. [The proper
name.] (Zo\'94l.) A hunter's name for the
grizzly bear.
\'d8Eph"y*ra (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. /, an old name of Corinth.] (Zo\'94l.)
A stage in the development of discophorous medus\'91, when
they first begin to swim about after being detached from the
strobila. See Strobila.
\'d8Ep"i- (?). [Gr. / on, upon, to; akin
to Skr. api besides, and prob. to L. ob to,
before, on account of, and perh. to E. of,
off.] A prefix, meaning upon,
beside, among, on the outside,
above, over. It becomes ep-
before a vowel, as in epoch, and eph-
before a Greek aspirate, as in ephemeral.
Ep"i*blast (?), n. [Pref.
epi- + -blast.] (Biol.)
The outer layer of the blastoderm; the ectoderm. See
Blastoderm, Delamination.
Ep`i*blas"tic (?), a.
(Biol.) Of or relating to, or consisting of, the
epiblast.
\'d8Ep`i*ble"ma (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / a cover; / over + / to throw.]
(Bot.) The epidermal cells of rootlets, specially
adapted to absorb liquids.
Goodale.
Ep`i*bol"ic (?), a. [Gr. / to
throw upon, add to; / upon + / to throw.]
(Biol.) Growing or covering over; -- said of a
kind of invagination. See under Invagination.
E*pib"o*ly (?), n. [Cf. Gr. /
a throwing upon.] (Biol.) Epibolic
invagination. See under Invagination.
Ep`i*bran"chi*al (?), a. [Pref.
epi- + branchial.] (Anat.)
Pertaining to the segment between the ceratobranchial and
pharyngobranchial in a branchial arch. --
n. An epibranchial cartilage or
bone.
Ep"ic (?), a. [L.
epicus, Gr. /, from / a word, speech, tale, song;
akin to L. vox voice: cf. F. \'82pique. See
Voice.] Narrated in a grand style; pertaining
to or designating a kind of narrative poem, usually called an
heroic poem, in which real or fictitious events, usually the
achievements of some hero, are narrated in an elevated
style.
The epic poem treats of one great, complex action,
in a grand style and with fullness of detail.
T. Arnold.
Ep"ic, n. An epic or heroic poem. See
Epic, a.
Ep"ic*al (/), a. Epic.
-- Ep"ic*al*ly, adv.
Poems which have an epical character.
Brande & C.
His [Wordsworth's] longer poems (miscalled
epical).
Lowell.
Ep`i*car"di*ac (?), a.
(Anat.) Of or relating to the epicardium.
\'d8Ep`i*car"di*um (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / upon + / heart.]
(Anat.) That of the pericardium which forms the
outer surface of the heart; the cardiac pericardium.
Ep`i*car"i*can (?), n. [Pref.
epi- + Gr. /, /, a shrimp.]
(Zo\'94l.) An isopod crustacean, parasitic on
shrimps.
Ep"i*carp (?), [Pref. epi- +
Gr. / fruit.] (Bot.) The external or
outermost layer of a fructified or ripened ovary. See
Illust. under Endocarp.
Ep"i*cede (?), n. [L.
epicedion, Gr. / dirge, elegy, fr. / funereal; /
+ / care, sorrow: cf. F. \'82pic\'8ade.]
A funeral song or discourse; an elegy.
[R.]
Donne.
Ep`i*ce"di*al (?), a. Elegiac;
funereal.
Ep`i*ce"di*an (?), a.
Epicedial. -- n. An
epicede.
\'d8Ep`i*ce"di*um (?), n.
[L.] An epicede.
Ep"i*cene (?), a. & n. [L.
epicoenus, Gr. /; fr. / + / common; cf. F.
\'82pic\'8ane.]
1. Common to both sexes; -- a term applied, in
grammar, to such nouns as have but one form of gender, either the
masculine or feminine, to indicate animals of both sexes; as /,
bos, for the ox and cow; sometimes applied to eunuchs
and hermaphrodites.
2. Fig.: Sexless; neither one thing nor the
other.
The literary prigs epicene.
Prof. Wilson.
He represented an epicene species, neither
churchman nor layman.
J. A. Symonds.
Ep`i*cen"tral (?), a. [Pref.
epi- + centrum.] (Anat.)
Arising from the centrum of a vertebra.
Owen.
Ep`i*ce*ras"tic (?), a. [Gr.
/ tempering the humors; / + / to mix: cf. F.
\'82pic\'82rastique.] (Med.)
Lenient; assuaging. [Obs.]
\'d8Ep`i*chi*re"ma (?), n.; pl.
Epichiremata (#). [L., fr. Gr.
/, from / to attempt to prove.] (Rhet. &
Logic) A syllogism in which the proof of the major or
minor premise, or both, is introduced with the premises
themselves, and the conclusion is derived in the ordinary
manner. [Written also
epicheirema.]
Ep`i*chor"dal (?), a. [Pref.
epi- + chordal.] (Anat.)
Upon or above the notochord; -- applied esp. to a vertebral
column which develops upon the dorsal side of the notochord, as
distinguished from a perichordal column, which
develops around it.
Ep`i*cho"ri*al (?), a. [Gr.
/; / over + / country.] In or of the
country. [R.]
Epichorial superstitions from every district of
Europe.
De Quincey.
\'d8Ep`i*clei"di*um (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / upon + / a little key.]
(Anat.) A projection, formed by a separate
ossification, at the scapular end of the clavicle of many
birds.
Ep`i*cli"nal (?), a. [Pref.
epi- + Gr. / a couch.] (Bot.)
Situated on the receptacle or disk of a flower.
<-- p. 501 -->
Ep"i*coele (?), n. [Pref.
epi- + Gr. / a hollow.] (Anat.)
A cavity formed by the invagination of the outer wall of the
body, as the atrium of an amphioxus and possibly the body cavity
of vertebrates.
Ep"i*coene (?), a.
Epicene. [R.]
Hadley.
Ep`i*col"ic (?), a. [Pref.
epi- + Gr. / colon.] (Anat.)
Situated upon or over the colon; -- applied to the region of
the abdomen adjacent to the colon.
Ep`i*con"dy*lar (?), n.
(Anat.) Pertaining to, or resembling, an
epicondyle.
Ep`i*con"dyle (?), n. [Pref.
epi- + condyle.] (Anat.)
A projection on the inner side of the distal end of the
numerus; the internal condyle.
Ep`i*cor"a*coid (?), n. [Pref.
epi- + coracoid.] (Anat.)
A ventral cartilaginous or bony element of the coracoid in
the shoulder girdle of some vertebrates.
Ep`i*cra"ni*al (?), a.
(Anat.) Pertaining to the epicranium; as
epicranial muscles.
\'d8Ep`i*cra"ni*um (?), n. [NL.
See Epi-, and Cranium.]
1. (Anat.) The upper and superficial
part of the head, including the scalp, muscles, etc.
2. (Zo\'94l.) The dorsal wall of the
head of insects.
Ep`ic*te"tain (?), a. [Gr. /,
fr. / Epictetus.] Pertaining to Epictetus, the Roman
Stoic philosopher, whose conception of life was to be passionless
under whatever circumstances.
Ep"i*cure (?), n. [L.
Epicurus, Gr. /, a famous Greek philosopher, who has
been regarded, but erroneously, as teaching a doctrine of refined
voluptuousness.]
1. A follower of Epicurus; an Epicurean.
[Obs.]
Bacon.
2. One devoted to dainty or luxurious sensual
enjoyments, esp. to the luxuries of the table.
Syn. -- Voluptuary; sensualist.
Ep`i*cu*re"an (?; 277), a. [L.
Epicureus, Gr. /: cf.
\'82picurien.]
1. Pertaining to Epicurus, or following his
philosophy. \'bdThe sect Epicurean.\'b8
Milton.
2. Given to luxury; adapted to luxurious tastes;
luxurious; pertaining to good eating.
Courses of the most refined and epicurean
dishes.
Prescott.
Epicurean philosophy. See Atomic
philosophy, under Atomic.
Ep`i*cu*re"an, n.
1. A follower or Epicurus.
2. One given to epicurean indulgence.
Ep`i*cu*re"an*ism (?), n.
Attachment to the doctrines of Epicurus; the principles or
belief of Epicurus.
Ep"i*cure`ly (?), adv.
Luxuriously.
Nash.
Ep`i*cu*re"ous (?), a.
Epicurean. [Obs.]
Ep"i*cu*rism (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82picurisme.]
1. The doctrines of Epicurus.
2. Epicurean habits of living; luxury.
Ep"i*cu*rize (?), v. i.
1. To profess or tend towards the doctrines of
Epicurus.
Cudworth.
2. To feed or indulge like an epicure.
Fuller.
Ep"i*cy`cle (?), n. [L.
epicyclus, Gr. /; / upon + / circle. See
Cycle.]
1. (Ptolemaic Astron.) A circle, whose
center moves round in the circumference of a greater circle; or a
small circle, whose center, being fixed in the deferent of a
planet, is carried along with the deferent, and yet, by its own
peculiar motion, carries the body of the planet fastened to it
round its proper center.
The schoolmen were like astronomers which did feign
eccentries, and epicycles, and such engines of
orbs.
Bacon.
2. (Mech.) A circle which rolls on the
circumference of another circle, either externally or
internally.
Ep`i*cyc"lic (?), a. Pertaining
to, resembling, or having the motion of, an epicycle.
Epicyclic train (Mach.), a train of
mechanism in which epicyclic motion is involved; esp., a train of
spur wheels, bevel wheels, or belt pulleys, in which an arm,
carrying one or more of the wheels, sweeps around a center lying
in an axis common to the other wheels.
Ep`i*cy"cloid (?), n.
[Epicycle + -oid: cf. F.
\'82picyclo\'8bde.] (Geom.) A
curve traced by a point in the circumference of a circle which
rolls on the convex side of a fixed circle.
epitrochoid. The curve traced by a point in the
circumference of the rolling circle when it rolls on the concave
side of a fixed circle is called a hypocycloid; the
curve traced by a point rigidly connected with the rolling circle
in this case, but not its circumference, is called a
hypotrochoid. All the curves mentioned above belong to
the class class called roulettes or
trochoids. See Trochoid.
Ep`i*cy*cloid"al (?), a.
Pertaining to the epicycloid, or having its
properties.
Epicycloidal wheel, a device for producing
straight-line motion from circular motion, on the principle that
a pin fastened in the periphery of a gear wheel will describe a
straight line when the wheel rolls around inside a fixed internal
gear of twice its diameter.
Ep`i*deic"tic (?), a. [Gr. /,
fr. / to show forth, display; / + / to show. Cf.
Epidictic.] Serving to show forth, explain,
or exhibit; -- applied by the Greeks to a kind of oratory, which,
by full amplification, seeks to persuade.
{ Ep`i*dem"ic (?), Ep`i*dem"ic*al
(?), } a. [L. epidemus,
Gr. /, /, among the people, epidemic; / in + / people:
cf. F. \'82pid\'82mique. Cf.
Demagogue.]
1. (Med.) Common to, or affecting at the
same time, a large number in a community; -- applied to a disease
which, spreading widely, attacks many persons at the same time;
as, an epidemic disease; an epidemic
catarrh, fever, etc. See Endemic.
2. Spreading widely, or generally prevailing;
affecting great numbers, as an epidemic does; as,
epidemic rage; an epidemic evil.
It was the epidemical sin of the nation.
Bp. Burnet.
Ep`i*dem"ic (?), n. [Cf.
Epidemy.]
1. (Med.) An epidemic disease.
2. Anything which takes possession of the minds of
people as an epidemic does of their bodies; as, an
epidemic of terror.
Ep`i*dem"ic*al*ly, adv. In an epidemic
manner.
Ep`i*de`mi*og"ra*phy (?), n.
[Epidemy + -graphy.]
(Med.) A treatise upon, or history of, epidemic
diseases.
Ep`i*de`mi*o*log"ic*al (?), a.
Connected with, or pertaining to, epidemiology.
Ep`i*de`mi*ol"o*gist (?), n. A
person skilled in epidemiology.
Ep`i*de`mi*ol"o*gy (?), n.
[Epidemy + -logy.]
(Med.) That branch of science which treats of
epidemics.
Ep"i*dem`y (?), n. [Gr. /,
fr. /: cf. F. \'82pid\'82mie. See
Epidemic.] (Med.) An epidemic
disease.
Dunglison.
Ep"i*derm (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82piderme. See Epidermis.]
(Anat.) The epidermis.
Ep`i*der"mal (?), a. Of or
pertaining to the epidermis; epidermic; cuticular.
Ep`i*der*mat"ic (?), a.
Epidermal. [R.]
Ep`i*der"ma*toid (?), a. [Gr.
/ upon + /, /, skin + -oid. Cf.
Epidermoid.] (Anat.)
Epidermoid.
Owen.
Ep`i*der"me*ous (?), a.
Epidermal. [R.]
Ep`i*der"mic (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82pidermique.] Epidermal; connected with
the skin or the bark.
Epidermic administration of medicine
(Med.), the application of medicine to the skin by
friction.
Ep`i*der"mic*al (?), a.
Epidermal. [R.]
Ep`i*der"mi*dal (?), a.
Epidermal. [R.]
Ep`i*der"mis (?), n. [L., fr.
Gr. /; / over + / skin, fr. / to skin. See Tear,
v. t.]
1. (Anat.) The outer, nonsensitive layer
of the skin; cuticle; scarfskin. See Dermis.
2. (Bot.) The outermost layer of the
cells, which covers both surfaces of leaves, and also the surface
of stems, when they are first formed. As stems grow old this
layer is lost, and never replaced.
Ep`i*der"moid (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82pidermo\'8bde.] (Anat.) Like
epidermis; pertaining to the epidermis.
Ep`i*der"mose (?), n. [See
Epidermis.] (Physiol. Chem.)
Keratin.
{ Ep`i*dic"tic (?),
Ep`i*dic"tic*al (?), } a.
[L. epidictius. See Epideictic.]
Serving to explain; demonstrative.
\'d8Ep`i*did"y*mis (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. /; / upon + / testicle.]
(Anat.) An oblong vermiform mass on the dorsal
side of the testicle, composed of numerous convolutions of the
excretory duct of that organ. --
Ep`i*did"y*mal (#),
a.
\'d8Ep`i*did`y*mi"tis (?), n.
[NL. See Epididymis, and -itis.]
(Med.) Inflammation of the epididymis, one of the
common results of gonorrhea.
Ep"i*dote (?), n. [Gr. / to
give besides; / over + / to give: cf. F.
\'82pidote. So named from the enlargement
of the base of the primary, in some of the secondary
forms.] (Min.) A mineral, commonly of a
yellowish green (pistachio) color, occurring granular, massive,
columnar, and in monoclinic crystals. It is a silicate of
alumina, lime, and oxide of iron, or manganese.
Epidote group includes ordinary
epidote, zoisite or lime epidote, piedmontite or
manganese epidote, allanite or serium
epidote.
Ep`i*dot"ic (?),, a. Related
to, resembling, or containing epidote; as, an
epidotic granite.
\'d8Ep`i*g\'91"a (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / upon + / earth.] (Bot.) An
American genus of plants, containing but a single species
(E. repens), the trailing arbutus.
Ep`i*g\'91"ous (?), a. [Gr.
/. See Epig\'91a, and cf. Epigee.]
(Bot.) Growing on, or close to, the ground.
Ep`i*gas"tri*al (?), a.
(Anat.) Epigastric.
Ep`i*gas"tric (?), a. [Gr. /
over the belly; / upon + / belly: cf. F.
\'82pigastrique.]
1. (Anat.) Pertaining to the
epigastrium, or to the epigastric region.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Over the stomach; --
applied to two of the areas of the carapace of crabs.
Epigastric region. (Anat.) (a)
The whole upper part of the abdomen. (b) An
arbitrary division of the abdomen above the umbilical and between
the two hypochondriac regions.
Ep`i*gas"tri*um (?), n. [NL.,
from Gr. /.] (Anat.) The upper part of
the abdomen.
Ep`i*ge"al (?), a. (Bot.)
Epig\'91ous. [R.]
Ep"i*gee (?), n. [NL.
epigeum, fr. Gr. / upon the earth. See
Epig\'91a.] See Perigee.
[Obs.]
Ep"i*gene (?), a. [Pref.
epi- + Gr. / to be born, grow.]
1. (Crystallog.) Foreign; unnatural;
unusual; -- said of forms of crystals not natural to the
substances in which they are found.
2. (Geol.) Formed originating on the
surface of the earth; -- opposed to hypogene; as,
epigene rocks.
Ep`i*gen"e*sis (?), n. [Pref.
epi- + genesis.] (Biol.)
The theory of generation which holds that the germ is
created entirely new, not merely expanded, by the procreative
power of the parents. It is opposed to the theory of
evolution, also to syngenesis.
Ep`i*gen"e*sist (?), n.
(Biol.) One who believes in, or advocates the
theory of, epigenesis.
Ep`i*ge*net"ic (?), a. Of or
pertaining to the epigenesis; produced according to the theory of
epigenesis.
Ep`i*ge"ous (?), a. Same as
Epig\'91ous.
\'d8Ep*i*ge"um (?), n. [NL. See
Epigee.] See Perigee.
[Obs.]
Ep`i*glot"tic (?), a.
(Anat.) Pertaining to, or connected with, the
epiglottis.
Ep`i*glot*tid"e*an (?), a.
(Anat.) Same as Epiglottic.
Ep`i*glot"tis (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. /; / upon + /, /, tongue. See
Glottis.] (Anat.) A cartilaginous
lidlike appendage which closes the glottis while food or drink is
passing while food or drink is passing through the pharynx.
E*pig"na*thous (?), a.
[Epi- + Gr. / the jaw.]
(Zo\'94l.) Hook-billed; having the upper mandible
longer than the lower.
Ep"i*gram (?), n. [L.
epigramma, fr. Gr. / inscription, epigram, fr. /
to write upon, / upon + / to write: cf. F.
\'82pigramme. See Graphic.]
1. A short poem treating concisely and pointedly of
a single thought or event. The modern epigram is so contrived as
to surprise the reader with a witticism or ingenious turn of
thought, and is often satirical in character.
Dost thou think I care for a satire or an
epigram?
Shak.
Epigrams were originally inscription on
tombs, statues, temples, triumphal arches, etc.
2. An effusion of wit; a bright thought tersely and
sharply expressed, whether in verse or prose.
3. The style of the epigram.
Antithesis, i. e., bilateral stroke, is the soul of
epigram in its later and technical signification.
B. Cracroft.
{ Ep`i*gram*mat"ic (?),
Ep`i*gram*mat"ic*al (?), }[L.
epigrammaticus: cf. F.
\'82pigrammatique.]
1. Writing epigrams; dealing in epigrams; as,
an epigrammatical poet.
2. Suitable to epigrams; belonging to epigrams;
like an epigram; pointed; piquant; as, epigrammatic
style, wit, or sallies of fancy.
Ep`i*gram*mat"ic*al*ly, adv. In the way
of epigram; in an epigrammatic style.
Ep`i*gram"ma*tist (?), n. [L.
epigrammatista: cf. F.
\'82pigrammatiste.] One who composes
epigrams, or makes use of them.
The brisk epigrammatist showing off his own
cleverness.
Holmes.
Ep`i*gram"ma*tize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Epigrammatized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Epigrammatizing
(?).] To represent by epigrams; to
express by epigrams.
Ep`i*gram"ma*ti`zer (?), n. One
who writes in an affectedly pointed style.
Epigrammatizers of our English prose style.
Coleridge.
Ep"i*gram`mist (?), n. An
epigrammatist.
Jer. Taylor.
Ep"i*graph (?), n. [Gr. /,
fr. /: cf. F. \'82pigraphe. See
Epigram.]
1. Any inscription set upon a building; especially,
one which has to do with the building itself, its founding or
dedication.
2. (Literature) A citation from some
author, or a sentence framed for the purpose, placed at the
beginning of a work or of its separate divisions; a motto.
{ Ep`i*graph"ic (?),
Ep`i*graph"ic*al (?), } a.
Of or pertaining to epigraphs or to epigraphy; as, an
epigraphic style; epigraphical works or
studies.
Ep`i*graph"ics (?), n. The
science or study of epigraphs.
E*pig"ra*phist (?), n. A
student of, or one versed in, epigraphy.
E*pig"ra*phy (?), n. The
science of inscriptions; the art of engraving inscriptions or of
deciphering them.
E*pig"y*nous (?), a. [Pref.
epi- + Gr. / woman, female: cf. F.
\'82pigyne.] (Bot.) Adnate to
the surface of the ovary, so as to be apparently inserted upon
the top of it; -- said of stamens, petals, sepals, and also of
the disk.
Ep`i*hy"al (?), n. [Pref.
epi- + the Greek letter /.] (Anat.)
A segment next above the ceratohyal in the hyoidean
arch.
Ep"i*lep`sy (?), n. [L.
epilepsia, Gr. / a seizure, the \'bdfalling
sickness,\'b8 fr. / to take besides, seize, attack; / upon,
besides + / to take: cf. F. \'82pilepsie. Cf.
Catalepsy.] (Med.) The \'bdfalling
sickness,\'b8 so called because the patient falls suddenly to the
ground; a disease characterized by paroxysms (or fits) occurring
at interval and attended by sudden loss of consciousness, and
convulsive motions of the muscles.
Dunglison.
Ep`i*lep"tic (?), a. [L.
epilepticus, Gr. / : cf. F.
\'82pileptique.] Pertaining to, affected
with, or of the nature of, epilepsy.
Ep`i*lep"tic, n.
1. One affected with epilepsy.
2. A medicine for the cure of epilepsy.
Ep`i*lep"tic*al (?), a.
Epileptic.
Ep`i*lep"ti*form (?), a.
Resembling epilepsy.
Ep`i*lep*tog"e*nous (?), a.
[Gr. / epileptic + -genous.]
(Med.) Producing epilepsy or epileptoid
convulsions; -- applied to areas of the body or of the nervous
system, stimulation of which produces convulsions.
Ep`i*lep"toid (?), a. [Gr. /
+ -oid.] (Med.) Resembling
epilepsy; as, epileptoid convulsions.
Ep`i*lo*ga"tion (?), n. [LL.
epilogatio.] A summing up in a brief
account. [Obs.]
Udall.
{ Ep`i*log"ic (?), Ep`i*log"ic*al
(?), } a. [Gr. /.] Of
or pertaining to an epilogue.
E*pil"o*gism (?), n. [Gr. /,
fr. / to reckon over, to deliver an epilogue; / upon + / to
count, reckon. See Epilogue.] Enumeration;
computation. [R.]
J. Gregory.
Ep`i*lo*gis"tic (?), a. [Cf.
Gr. / calculating. See Epilogism.] Of or
pertaining to epilogue; of the nature of an epilogue.
T. Warton.
\'3c-- p. 502 --\'3e
E*pil"o*gize (?), v. i. & t.
[See Epilogism.] To speak an epilogue
to; to utter as an epilogue.
Ep"i*logue (?; 115), n. [F.
\'82pilogue, L. epilogus, fr. Gr. /
conclusion, fr. / to say in addition; / upon, besides + /
to say. See Legend.]
1. (Drama) A speech or short poem
addressed to the spectators and recited by one of the actors,
after the conclusion of the play.
A good play no epilogue, yet . . . good plays prove
the better by the help of good epilogues.
Shak.
2. (Rhet.) The closing part of a
discourse, in which the principal matters are recapitulated; a
conclusion.
Ep"i*lo*guize (?), v. i. & t.
Same as Epilogize.
\'d8E*pim"a*chus (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / equipped for battle; / for + / battle.]
(Zo\'94l.) A genus of highly ornate and
brilliantly colored birds of Australia, allied to the birds of
Paradise.
\'d8E*pim"e*ra (?), n. pl. See
Epimeron.
E*pim"e*al (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the epimera.
Ep"i*mere (?), n.
[Epi- + -mere.]
(Biol.) One of the segments of the transverse
axis, or the so called homonymous parts; as, for example, one of
the several segments of the extremities in vertebrates, or one of
the similar segments in plants, such as the segments of a
segmented leaf.
Syd. Soc. Lex.
\'d8E*pim"e*ron (?), n.; pl.
Epimera (#). [NL., fr. Gr. /
upon + / a part.] (Zo\'94l.) (a)
In crustaceans: The part of the side of a somite external to
the basal joint of each appendage. See Illust.
under Crustacea. (b) In insects: The
lateral piece behind the episternum. [Written also
epimerum.]
Ep`i*nas"tic (?), a. [Pref.
epi- + Gr. / pressed close.]
(Physiol.) A term applied to that phase of
vegetable growth in which an organ grows more rapidly on its
upper than on its under surface. See Hyponastic.
Ep`i*neu"ral (?), a. [Pref.
epi- + neural.] (Anat.)
Arising from the neurapophysis of a vertebra.
\'d8Ep`i*neu"ri*um (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / upon + / a nerve.]
(Anat.) The connective tissue framework and
sheath of a nerve which bind together the nerve bundles, each of
which has its own special sheath, or perineurium.
\'d8Ep`in*glette" (?), n.
[F.] (Mil.) An iron needle for
piercing the cartridge of a cannon before priming.
Ep`i*ni"cial (?), a. [See
Epinicion.] Relating to victory. \'bdAn
epinicial song.\'b8
T. Warton.
Ep`i*ni"cion (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. /, fr. / belonging to victory; / upon, to + /
victory: cf. L. epinicium.] A song of
triumph. [Obs.]
T. Warton.
Ep`i*nik"i*an (?), a.
Epinicial.
Ep`i*or"nis (?), n. [NL.: cf.
F. \'82piornis. See \'92pyornis.]
(Zo\'94l.) One of the gigantic ostrichlike birds
of the genus \'92piornis, only recently extinct. Its
remains have been found in Madagascar. [Written also
\'92pyornis.]
Ep`i*o"tic (?), n. [Pref.
epi- + Gr. /, gen. /, ear.]
(Anat.) The upper and outer element of periotic
bone, -- in man forming a part of the temporal bone.
Ep`i*pe*dom"e*try (?), n. [Gr.
/ on the ground, level (/ + / ground) +
-metry.] (Geom.) The mensuration
of figures standing on the same base. [Obs.]
Ep`i*pe*riph"er*al (?), a.
[Pref. epi- + peripheral.]
(Physiol.) Connected with, or having its origin
upon, the external surface of the body; -- especially applied to
the feelings which originate at the extremities of nerves
distributed on the outer surface, as the sensation produced by
touching an object with the finger; -- opposed to
entoperipheral.
H. Spenser.
Ep`i*pet"al*ous (?), a. [Pref.
epi- + petal.] (Bot.)
Borne on the petals or corolla.
E*piph"a*ny (?), n. [F.
\'82piphanie, L. epiphania, Gr. / (sc.
/), for / appearance, fr. / to show forth; / + / to
show. See Fancy.]
1. An appearance, or a becoming manifest.
Whom but just before they beheld transfigured and in a
glorious epiphany upon the mount.
Jer. Taylor.
An epic poet, if ever such a difficult birth should make its
epiphany in Paris.
De Quincey.
2. (Eccl.) A church festival celebrated
on the 6th of January, the twelfth day after Christmas, in
commemoration of the visit of the Magi of the East to Bethlehem,
to see and worship the child Jesus; or, as others maintain, to
commemorate the appearance of the star to the Magi, symbolizing
the manifestation of Christ to the Gentles; Twelfthtide.
Ep`i*phar`yn*ge"al (?), a.
[Pref. epi- + pharyngeal.]
(Anat.) Pertaining to the segments above the
epibranchial in the branchial arches of fishes. --
n. An epipharyngeal bone or
cartilage.
Ep`i*phar"ynx (?), n.
[Epi- + pharynx.]
(Zo\'94l.) A structure which overlaps the mouth
of certain insects.
\'d8Ep`i*pho*ne"ma (?), n. [L.,
fr. Gr. /, fr. / to mention; / + / to speak.]
(Rhet.) An exclamatory sentence, or striking
reflection, which sums up or concludes a discourse.
E*piph"o*neme (?), n.
Epiphonema. [R.]
\'d8E*piph"o*ra (?), n. [L.,
fr. Gr. /, fr. / to bring to or upon; / + / to
bring.]
1. (Med.) The watery eye; a disease in
which the tears accumulate in the eye, and trickle over the
cheek.
2. (Rhet.) The emphatic repetition of a
word or phrase, at the end of several sentences or stanzas.
Ep"i*phragm (?), n. [Gr. / a
covering, lid, fr. / to block up.] (Zo\'94l.)
A membranaceous or calcareous septum with which some
mollusks close the aperture of the shell during the time of
hibernation, or \'91stivation.
Ep`i*phy`lo*sper"mous (?), a.
[Gr. / + / leaf + / seed.] (Bot.)
Bearing fruit on the black of the leaves, as ferns.
Harris (1710).
E*piph"yl*lous (?), a. [Gr. /
+ / leaf.] (Bot.) Growing upon, or
inserted into, the leaf.
\'d8Ep`i*phyl"lum (?), n.
[NL.] (Bot.) A genus of cactaceous
plants having flattened, jointed stems, and petals united in a
tube. The flowers are very showy, and several species are in
cultivation.
{ Ep`i*phys"e*al (?),
Ep`i*phys"i*al (?), } (Anat.)
Pertaining to, or having the nature of, an epiphysis.
\'d8E*piph"y*sis (?), n.; pl.
Epiphyses (#). [NL., fr. Gr. /,
fr. / to grow upon; / upon + / to grow.]
(Anat.) (a) The end, or other
superficial part, of a bone, which ossifies separately from the
central portion, or diaphysis. (b)
The cerebral epiphysis, or pineal gland. See Pineal
gland, under Pineal.
E*piph"y*tal (?), a.
(Bot.) Pertaining to an epiphyte.
Ep"i*phyte (?), n. [Gr. /
upon + / plant, / to grow: cf. F.
\'82piphyte.]
1. (Bot.) An air plant which grows on
other plants, but does not derive its nourishment from them. See
Air plant.
2. (Med.) A vegetable parasite growing
on the surface of the body.
{ Ep`i*phyt"ic (?),
Ep`i*phyt"ic*al (?), } a.
(Bot.) Pertaining to, or having the nature of, an
epiphyte. -- Ep`i*phyt"ic*al*ly,
adv.
Ep`i*plas"tron (?), n.; pl.
Epiplastra (#). [Pref.
epi- + plastron.] (Anat.)
One of the first pair of lateral plates in the plastron of
turtles.
Ep`i*pleu"ral (?), a. [Pref.
epi- + pleural.] (Anat.)
Arising from the pleurapophysis of a vertebra.
Owen.
\'d8Ep`i*plex"is (?), n. [L.,
reproof, fr. Gr. / , fr. / to strike at, reprove; / + /
to strike.] (Rhet.) A figure by which a
person seeks to convince and move by an elegant kind of
upbraiding.
\'d8E*pip"lo*ce (?), n. [L.,
connection, from Gr. / a plaiting together, fr. / to plait or
braid in; / upon + / to twist, plait.]
(Rhet.) A figure by which one striking
circumstance is added, in due gradation, to another; climax;
e. g., \'bdHe not only spared his enemies, but continued
them in employment; not only continued, but advanced
them.\'b8
Johnson.
Ep`i*plo"ic (?), a. Relating to
the epiplo\'94n.
\'d8E*pip"lo*\'94n (?), n.; pl.
Epiploa (#). [NL., fr. Gr.
/.] (Anat.) See Omentum.
Ep`i*po"di*al (?), a.
1. (Anat.) Pertaining to the epipodialia
or the parts of the limbs to which they belong.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to the
epipodium of Mollusca.
\'d8Ep`i*po`di*a"le (?), n.;
pl. Epipodialia (#). [NL.,
fr. Gr. / upon + /, dim. of /, /, foot.]
(Anat.) One of the bones of either the forearm or
shank, the epipodialia being the radius, ulna, tibia,
and fibula.
E*pip"o*dite (?), n. [See
Epipodium.] (Zo\'94l.) The outer
branch of the legs in certain Crustacea. See
Maxilliped.
\'d8Ep`i*po"di*um (?), n.; pl.
Epipodia (#). [NL., fr. Gr. /
upon + /, /, foot.] (Zo\'94l.) One of
the lateral lobes of the foot in certain gastropods.
Ep`i*pol"ic (?), a.
(Opt.) Producing, or relating to, epipolism or
fluorescence. [R.]
E*pip"o*lism (?), n. [Gr. / a
surface; / + / to be.] (Opt.) See
Fluorescence. [R.]
Sir J. Herschel.
E*pip"o*lized (?), a. Changed
to the epipolic condition, or that in which the phenomenon of
fluorescence is presented; produced by fluorescence; as,
epipolized light. [R.]
Stokes.
Ep`ip*ter"ic (?), a. [Pref.
epi- + Gr. / wing. So called because above the wing
of the sphenoid.] (Anat.) Pertaining to a
small Wormian bone sometimes present in the human skull between
the parietal and the great wing of the sphenoid. --
n. The epipteric bone.
Ep`ip*ter"y*goid (?), a. [Pref.
epi- + pterygoid.] (Anat.)
Situated upon or above the pterygoid bone. --
n. An epipterygoid bone or cartilage; the
columella in the skulls of many lizards.
Ep`i*pu"bic (?), a. Relating to
the epipubis.
\'d8Ep`i*pu"bis (?), n.; pl.
Epipubes (#). [NL.,
epi- + pubis.] (Anat.)
A cartilage or bone in front of the pubis in some amphibians
and other animals.
E*pis"co*pa*cy (?), n. [See
Episcopate.] Government of the church by
bishops; church government by three distinct orders of ministers
-- bishops, priests, and deacons -- of whom the bishops have an
authority superior and of a different kind.
E*pis"co*pal (?), a. [L.
episcopalis, fr. episcopus: cf. F.
\'82piscopal. See Bishop.]
1. Governed by bishops; as, an
episcopal church.
2. Belonging to, or vested in, bishops; as,
episcopal jurisdiction or authority; the
episcopal system.
E*pis`co*pa"li*an (?), a.
Pertaining to bishops, or government by bishops; episcopal;
specifically, of or relating to the Protestant Episcopal
Church.
E*pis`co*pa"li*an, n. One who belongs to
an episcopal church, or adheres to the episcopal form of church
government and discipline; a churchman; specifically, in the
United States, a member of the Protestant Episcopal Church.
E*pis`co*pa"li*an*ism (?), n.
The doctrine and usages of Episcopalians; episcopacy.
E*pis"co*pal*ly (?), adv. By
episcopal authority; in an episcopal manner.
E*pis"co*pant (?), n. A
bishop. [Obs.]
Milton.
E*pis`co*pa"ri*an (?), a.
Episcopal. [R.]
Wood.
E*pis"co*pate (?), n. [L.
episcopatus, fr. episcopus: cf. F.
\'82piscopat. See Bishop.]
1. A bishopric; the office and dignity of a
bishop.
2. The collective body of bishops.
3. The time of a bishop's rule.
E*pis"co*pate (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Episcopated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Episcopating.] To act as a bishop; to
fill the office of a prelate. [Obs.]
Feeding the flock episcopating.
Milton.
E*pis"co*pi*cide (?), n. [L.
episcopus bishop + caedere to kill.]
The killing of a bishop.
E*pis"co*pize (?), v. t. To
make a bishop of by consecration.
Southey.
E*pis"co*pize, v. i. To perform the
duties of a bishop.
E*pis"co*py (?), n. [Gr. /,
fr. /. See Bishop.]
1. Survey; superintendence.
[Obs.]
Milton.
2. Episcopacy. [Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.
Ep`i*sep"al*ous (?), a. [Pref.
epi- + sepal.] (Bot.)
Growing on the sepals or adnate to them.
Ep`i*skel"e*tal (?), a. [Pref.
epi- + skeleletal.]
(Anat.) Above or outside of the endoskeleton;
epaxial.
Ep`i*so"dal (?), a. Same as
Episodic.
Ep"i*sode (?), n. [Gr. / a
coming in besides, / episode; / into, besides + / a coming
in, / into + / way, cf. Skr. sad to go: cf. F.
\'82pisode.] (Rhet.) A separate
incident, story, or action, introduced for the purpose of giving
a greater variety to the events related; an incidental narrative,
or digression, separable from the main subject, but naturally
arising from it.
Ep`i*so"di*al (?), a.
Pertaining to an episode; by way of episode; episodic.
{ Ep`i*so"dic (?), Ep`i*so"dic*al
(?), } a. [Cf. F.
\'82pisodique. See Episode.] Of or
pertaining to an episode; adventitious. --
Ep`i*so"dic*al*ly,
adv.
Such a figure as Jacob Brattle, purely episodical
though it be, is an excellent English portrait.
H. James.
\'d8Ep`i*spa"di*as (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / upon + / to draw, rend.]
(Med.) A deformity in which the urethra opens
upon the top of the penis, instead of at its extremity.
Ep"i*spas"tic (?), a. [Gr. /,
fr. / to draw to, attract; / to + / to draw: cf. F.
\'82pispastique.] (Med.)
Attracting the humors to the skin; exciting action in the
skin; blistering.
Ep"i*spas"tic, n. (Med.) An
external application to the skin, which produces a puriform or
serous discharge by exciting inflammation; a vesicatory.
Ep"i*sperm (?), n. [Pref.
epi- + Gr. / seed: cf. F.
\'82pisperme.] (Bot.) The skin
or coat of a seed, especially the outer coat. See
Testa.
Ep`i*sper"mic (?), a.
(Bot.) Pertaining, or belonging, to the episperm,
or covering of a seed.
Ep"i*spore (?), n. [Pref.
epi- + spore.] (Bot.)
The thickish outer coat of certain spores.
\'d8Ep`i*stax"is (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / upon + / to drop.] (Med.)
Bleeding at the nose.
E*pis`te*mol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr.
/ knowledge + -logy.] The theory or
science of the method or grounds of knowledge.
Ep`i*ster"nal (?), a. (Anat. &
Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to the episternum.
\'d8Ep`i*ster"num (?), n.; pl.
Episterna (#). [NL. See
Epi-, and Sternum.]
1. (Anat.) (a) A median bone
connected with the sternum, in many vertebrates; the
interclavicle. (b) Same as
Epiplastron.
2. (Zo\'94l.) One of the lateral pieces
next to the sternum in the thorax of insects.
Ep`i*stil"bite (?), n. [Pref.
epi- + stilbite.] (Min.)
A crystallized, transparent mineral of the Zeolite family.
It is a hydrous silicate of alumina and lime.
E*pis"tle (?), n. [OE.
epistle, epistel, AS. epistol,
pistol, L. epistola, fr. Gr. / anything
sent by a messenger, message, letter, fr. / to send to, tell by
letter or message; / upon, to + / to dispatch, send; cf. OF.
epistle, epistre, F.
\'82p\'8ctre. See Stall.]
1. A writing directed or sent to a person or
persons; a written communication; a letter; -- applied usually to
formal, didactic, or elegant letters.
A madman's epistles are no gospels.
Shak.
2. (Eccl.) One of the letters in the New
Testament which were addressed to their Christian brethren by
Apostles.
Epistle side, the right side of an altar or
church to a person looking from the nave toward the
chancel.
One sees the pulpit on the epistle side.
R. Browning.
E*pis"tle, v. t. To write; to
communicate in a letter or by writing. [Obs.]
Milton.
E*pis"tler (?), n.
1. A writer of epistles, or of an epistle of the
New Testament.
M. Arnold.
2. (Eccl.) The ecclesiastic who reads
the epistle at the communion service.
E*pis"to*lar (?), a.
Epistolary.
Dr. H. More.
E*pis"to*la*ry (?), a. [L.
epistolaris, fr. epistola: cf. F.
\'82pistolaire.]
1. Pertaining to epistles or letters; suitable to
letters and correspondence; as, an epistolary
style.
<-- p. 503 -->
2. Contained in letters; carried on by
letters. \'bdEpistolary correspondence.\'b8
Addison.
Ep`is*to"le*an (?), n. One who
writes epistles; a correspondent.
Mary Cowden Clarke.
E*pis"to*ler (?), n.
(Eccl.) One of the clergy who reads the epistle
at the communion service; an epistler.
E*pis"to*let (?), n. A little
epistle.
Lamb.
{ Ep`is*tol"ic (?),
Ep`is*tol"ic*al (?), } a.
[L. epistolicus, Gr. /.] Pertaining
to letters or epistles; in the form or style of letters;
epistolary.
E*pis"to*lize (?), v. i. To
write epistles.
E*pis"to*li`zer (?), n. A
writer of epistles.
E*pis`to*lo*graph"ic (?), a.
[Gr. / : cf. F. \'82pistolographique.]
Pertaining to the writing of letters; used in writing
letters; epistolary.
Epistolographic character mode of
writing, the same as Demotic
character. See under Demotic.
E*pis`to*log"ra*phy (?), n.
[Gr. / epistle + -graphy: cf. F.
\'82pistolographie.] The art or practice of
writing epistles.
{ \'d8E*pis"to*ma (?), Ep"i*stome
(?), } n. [NL.
epistoma, fr. Gr. / upon + /, /, mouth.]
(Zo\'94l.) (a) The region between the
antenn\'91 and the mouth, in Crustacea. (b) A
liplike organ that covers the mouth, in most Bryozoa. See
Illust., under Entoprocta.
\'d8E*pis"tro*phe (?), n. [L.,
from Gr. / a turning toward, return, fr. / to turn toward;
/ upon, to + / to turn.] (Rhet.) A
figure in which successive clauses end with the same word or
affirmation; e. g., \'bdAre they Hebrews? so am
I. Are they Israelites? so am I.\'b8
2 Cor. xi. 22.
Ep"i*style (?), n. [L.
epistylium, Gr. /; / upon + / column: cf. F.
\'82pistyle.] (Anc. Arch.) A
massive piece of stone or wood laid immediately on the abacus of
the capital of a column or pillar; -- now called
architrave.
Ep`i*syl"lo*gism (?), n. [Pref.
epi- + syllogism.] (Logic)
A syllogism which assumes as one of its premises a
proposition which was the conclusion of a preceding syllogism,
called, in relation to this, the prosyllogism.
Ep"i*taph (?), n. [F.
\'82pitaphe, L. epitaphium a funeral
oration, fr. Gr. /, orig. an adj., over or at a tomb; / upon
+ / tomb. Cf. Cenotaph.]
1. An inscription on, or at, a tomb, or a grave, in
memory or commendation of the one buried there; a sepulchral
inscription.
Hang her an epitaph upon her tomb.
Shak.
2. A brief writing formed as if to be inscribed on
a monument, as that concerning Alexander: \'bdSufficit huic
tumulus, cui non sufficeret orbis.\'b8
Ep"i*taph, v. t. To commemorate by an
epitaph. [R.]
Let me be epitaphed the inventor of English
hexameters.
G. Harvey.
Ep"i*taph, v. i. To write or speak after
the manner of an epitaph. [R.]
The common in their speeches epitaph upon him . . .
\'bdHe lived as a wolf and died as a dog.\'b8
Bp. Hall.
Ep"i*taph`er (?), n. A writer
of epitaphs.
Nash.
{ Ep`i*taph"i*al (?),
Ep`i*taph"i*an (?), } a.
Relating to, or of the nature of, an epitaph.
The noble Pericles in his epitaphian speech.
Milton.
Epitaphial Latin verses are not to be taken too
literally.
Lowell.
Ep`i*taph"ic (?), a. Pertaining
to an epitaph; epitaphian. -- n. An
epitaph.
Udall.
Ep"i*taph`ist (?), n. An
epitapher.
\'d8E*pit"a*sis (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / a stretching, fr. / to stretch upon or over; /
upon + / to stretch.]
1. That part which embraces the main action of a
play, poem, and the like, and leads on to the catastrophe; --
opposed to protasis.
2. (Med.) The period of violence in a
fever or disease; paroxysm.
Dunglison.
Ep`i*tha*lam"ic (?), a.
Belonging to, or designed for, an epithalamium.
Ep`i*tha*la"mi*um (?), n.; pl.
Epithalamiums (#), L. Epithalamia
(#). [L., fr. Gr. / , orig. an adj.,
nuptial; / upon, at + / bride chamber.] A nuptial
song, or poem in honor of the bride and bridegroom.
The kind of poem which was called epithalamium . .
. sung when the bride was led into her chamber.
B. Jonson.
Ep`i*thal"a*my (?), n.; pl.
Epithalamies (/). Epithalamium.
[R.]
Donne.
\'d8Ep`i*the"ca (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / upon + / a case, box, fr. / to place.]
(Zo\'94l.) A continuous and, usually,
structureless layer which covers more or less of the exterior of
many corals.
Ep`i*the"li*al (?), a. Of or
pertaining to epithelium; as, epithelial cells;
epithelial cancer.
Ep`i*the"li*oid (?), a.
[Epithelium + -oid.]
(Anat.) Like epithelium; as,
epithelioid cells.
\'d8Ep`i*the`li*o"ma (?), n.
[NL. See Epithelium, and -oma.]
(Med.) A malignant growth containing epithelial
cells; -- called also epithelial cancer.
Ep`i*the"li*um (?), n.; pl. E.
Epitheliums (#), L. Epithelia
(#). [NL., fr. Gr. / upon + /
nipple.] (Anat.) The superficial layer of
cells lining the alimentary canal and all its appendages, all
glands and their ducts, blood vessels and lymphatics, serous
cavities, etc. It often includes the epidermis (i. e.,
keratin-producing epithelial cells), and it is sometimes
restricted to the alimentary canal, the glands and their
appendages, -- the term endothelium being applied to
the lining membrane of the blood vessels, lymphatics, and serous
cavities.
Ep`i*the"loid (?), a.
(Anat.) Epithelioid.
Ep"i*them (?), n. [L.
epithema, Gr. /, fr. / to lay or put on: cf. F.
\'82pith\'8ame. See Epithet.]
(Med.) Any external topical application to the
body, except ointments and plasters, as a poultice, lotion,
etc.
\'d8Ep`i*the"ma (?), n. [NL.,
from Gr. / upon + / a case, box, fr. / to place.]
(Zo\'94l.) A horny excrescence upon the beak of
birds.
\'d8E*pith"e*sis (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / a putting on; / upon + / to place.]
The addition of a letter at the end of a word, without
changing its sense; as, numb for num,
whilst for whiles.
Ep"i*thet (?), n. [L.
epitheton, Gr. /, fr. / added, fr. / to add; /
upon, to + / to put, place: cf. F. \'82pith\'8ate.
See Do.]
1. An adjective expressing some quality, attribute,
or relation, that is properly or specially appropriate to a
person or thing; as, a just man; a verdant
lawn.
A prince [Henry III.] to whom the epithet
\'bdworthless\'b8 seems best applicable.
Hallam.
2. Term; expression; phrase. \'bdStiffed with
epithets of war.\'b8
Shak.
Syn. -- Epithet, Title. The
name epithet was formerly extended to nouns which give
a title or describe character (as the \'bdepithet of
liar\'b8), but is now confined wholly to adjectives. Some
rhetoricians, as Whately, restrict it still further, considering
the term epithet as belonging only to a limited class
of adjectives, viz., those which add nothing to the sense of
their noun, but simply hold forth some quality necessarily
implied therein; as, the bright sun, the
lofty heavens, etc. But this restriction does not
prevail in general literature. Epithet is sometimes
confounded with application, which is always a noun or
its equivalent.
Ep"i*thet, v. t. To describe by an
epithet. [R.]
Never was a town better epitheted.
Sir H. Wotton.
{ Ep`i*thet"ic (?),
Ep`i*thet"ic*al (?), } a.
[Gr. / added.] Pertaining to, or abounding
with, epithets. \'bdIn epithetic measured
prose.\'b8
Lloyd.
Ep"i*thite (?), n. [Gr. /
impostor.] A lazy, worthless fellow; a vagrant.
[Obs.]
Mason.
Ep`i*thu*met"ic (?), a.
Epithumetical. [Obs.]
Ep`i*thu*met"ic*al (?), a. [Gr.
/, fr. / to long for, lust after; / + / soul, heart,
desire.] Pertaining to sexual desire; sensual.
Sir T. Browne.
Ep`i*tith"i*des (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / to place upon. See Epithet.]
(Arch.) The uppermost member of the cornice of an
entablature.
E*pit"o*ma`tor (?), n.
[LL.] An epitomist.
Sir W. Hamilton.
E*pit"o*me (?), n.; pl.
Epitomes (#). [L., fr. Gr. / a
surface incision, also, and abridgment, fr. / to cut into, cut
short; / upon + / to cut: cf. F. \'82pitome. See
Tome.]
1. A work in which the contents of a former work
are reduced within a smaller space by curtailment and
condensation; a brief summary; an abridgement.
[An] epitome of the contents of a very large
book.
Sydney Smith.
2. A compact or condensed representation of
anything.
An epitome of English fashionable life.
Carlyle.
A man so various that he seemed to be
Not one, but all mankind's epitome.
Dryden.
Syn. -- Abridgement; compendium; compend; abstract;
synopsis; abbreviature. See Abridgment.
E*pit"o*mist (?), n. One who
makes an epitome; one who abridges; an epitomizer.
Milton.
E*pit"o*mize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Epitomized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Epitomizing.]
1. To make an epitome of; to shorten or abridge, as
a writing or discourse; to reduce within a smaller space; as,
to epitomize the works of Justin.
2. To diminish, as by cutting off something; to
curtail; as, to epitomize words.
[Obs.]
Addison.
E*pit"o*mi`zer (?), n. An
epitomist.
Burton.
Ep"i*trite (?), n. [Gr. /
containing an integer and one third (i. e.,
/, or in the ratio of 4 to 3); / upon, over + /
the third: cf. L. epitritos, F.
\'82pitrite.] (Gr. & Lat. Pros.)
A foot consisting of three long syllables and one short
syllable.
epitrite according as the short syllable stands 1st,
2d, etc.
\'d8Ep`i*troch"le*a (?), n.
[NL. See Epi-, and Trochlea.]
(Anat.) A projection on the outer side of the
distal end of the humerus; the external condyle.
Ep`i*troch"le*ar (?), a.
Relating to the epitrochlea.
Ep`i*tro"choid (?), n. [Pref.
epi- + Gr. / wheel + -oid.]
(Geom.) A kind of curve. See Epicycloid,
any Trochoid.
\'d8E*pit"ro*pe (?), n. [L.,
fr. Gr. / reference, arbitration, fr. / to turn over, to give
up, yield; / upon, over + / to turn.]
(Rhet.) A figure by which permission is either
seriously or ironically granted to some one, to do what he
proposes to do; e. g., \'bdHe that is unjust, let him be
unjust still.\'b8
\'d8Ep`i*zeux"is (?), n. [L.,
fr. Gr. / a fastening together, repetition, fr. / to fasten
to or upon; / upon + / to join, yoke.]
(Rhet.) A figure by which a word is repeated with
vehemence or emphasis, as in the following lines: -
Alone, alone, all all alone,
Alone on a wide wide sea.
Coleridge.
Ep`o*zo"an (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) An epizo\'94n.
Ep`o*zo"ic (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Living upon the exterior of another
animal; ectozoic; -- said of external parasites.
\'d8Ep`i*zo"\'94n (?), n.; pl.
Epizoa (#). [NL., fr. Gr. / upon
+ / animal.] (Zo\'94l.) One of the
artificial group of invertebrates of various kinds, which live
parasitically upon the exterior of other animals; an ectozo\'94n.
Among them are the lice, ticks, many acari, the lerneans, or fish
lice, and other crustaceans.
Ep`i*zo*\'94t"ic (?), a. [Cf.
F. \'82pizo\'94tique.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) Of or pertaining to an
epizo\'94n.
2. (Geol.) Containing fossil remains; --
said of rocks, formations, mountains, and the like.
[Obs.]
Epizo\'94tic mountains are of secondary
formation.
Kirwan.
3. Of the nature of a disease which attacks many
animals at the same time; -- corresponding to epidemic diseases
among men.
{ Ep`i*zo"\'94*ty (?),
Ep`i*zo*\'94t"ic (?) }, n.
[F. \'82pizo\'94tie.] An epizo\'94tic
disease; a murrain; an epidemic influenza among horses.
Ep"och (?; 277), n. [LL.
epocha, Gr. / check, stop, an epoch of a star, an
historical epoch, fr. / to hold on, check; / upon + / to
have, hold; akin to Skr. sah to overpower, Goth.
sigis victory, AS. sigor, sige,
G. sieg: cf. F. \'82poque. See
Scheme.]
1. A fixed point of time, established in history by
the occurrence of some grand or remarkable event; a point of time
marked by an event of great subsequent influence; as, the
epoch of the creation; the birth of Christ was the
epoch which gave rise to the Christian era.
In divers ages, . . . divers epochs of time were
used.
Usher.
Great epochs and crises in the kingdom of God.
Trench.
The acquittal of the bishops was not the only event which
makes the 30th of June, 1688, a great epoch in
history.
Macaulay.
Epochs mark the beginning of new
historical periods, and dates are often numbered from
them.
2. A period of time, longer or shorter, remarkable
for events of great subsequent influence; a memorable period;
as, the epoch of maritime discovery, or of the
Reformation. \'bdSo vast an epoch of
time.\'b8
F. Harrison.
The influence of Chaucer continued to live even during the
dreary interval which separates from one another two important
epochs of our literary history.
A. W. Ward.
3. (Geol.) A division of time
characterized by the prevalence of similar conditions of the
earth; commonly a minor division or part of a period.
The long geological epoch which stored up the vast
coal measures.
J. C. Shairp.
4. (Astron.) (a) The date at
which a planet or comet has a longitude or position.
(b) An arbitrary fixed date, for which the elements
used in computing the place of a planet, or other heavenly body,
at any other date, are given; as, the epoch of Mars;
lunar elements for the epoch March 1st, 1860.
Syn. -- Era; time; date; period; age. --
Epoch, Era. We speak of the era of
the Reformation, when we think of it as a period, during which a
new order of things prevailed; so also, the era of
good feeling, etc. Had we been thinking of the time as marked by
certain great events, or as a period in which great results were
effected, we should have called the times when these events
happened epochs, and the whole period an
epoch.
The capture of Constantinople is an epoch in the
history of Mahometanism; but the flight of Mahomet is its
era.
C. J. Smith.
\'d8Ep"o*cha (?), n. [L.]
See Epoch.
J. Adams.
Ep"o*chal (?), a. Belonging to
an epoch; of the nature of an epoch. \'bdEpochal
points.\'b8
Shedd.
Ep"ode (?), n. [L.
epodos, Gr. /, fr. /, adj., singing to, sung or
said after, fr. / to sing to; / upon, to + / to sing: cf.
F. \'82pode. See Ode.]
(Poet.) (a) The after song; the part of
a lyric ode which follows the strophe and antistrophe, -- the
ancient ode being divided into strophe, antistrophe, and
epode. (b) A species of lyric
poem, invented by Archilochus, in which a longer verse is
followed by a shorter one; as, the Epodes of
Horace. It does not include the elegiac distich.
E*pod"ic (?), a. [Gr.
/.] Pertaining to, or resembling, an epode.
{ Ep"o*nym, Ep"o*nyme }
(?), n. [Cf. F. \'82ponyme.
See Eponymous.]
1. The hypothetical individual who is assumed as
the person from whom any race, city, etc., took its name; as,
Hellen is an eponym of the Hellenes.
2. A name, as of a people, country, and the like,
derived from that of an individual.
Ep`o*nym"ic (?), a. Same as
Eponymous.
Tablets . . . which bear eponymic dates.
I. Taylor (The Alphabet).
E*pon"y*mist (?), n. One from
whom a race, tribe, city, or the like, took its name; an
eponym.
E*pon"y*mous (?), a. [Gr. /;
/ upon, to + / for / name.] Relating to an
eponym; giving one's name to a tribe, people, country, and the
like.
What becomes . . . of the Herakleid genealogy of the Spartan
kings, when it is admitted that eponymous persons are
to be canceled as fictions?
Grote.
E*pon"y*my (?), n. [Gr. / a
surname given after some person or thing.] The
derivation of the name of a race, tribe, etc., from that of a
fabulous hero, progenitor, etc.
\'d8Ep`o*\'94ph"o*ron (?), n.
[NL., from Gr. / upon + / egg + / to bear.]
(Anat.) See Parovarium.
{ Ep"o*pee` (?), \'d8Ep`o*p/"ia
(?), } n. [F.
\'82pop\'82e, Gr. /; / song + / to make. See
Epos.] An epic poem; epic poetry.
Ep"opt (?), n. [Gr. / one
initiated into the Eleusinian mysteries.] One
instructed in the mysteries of a secret system.
Carlyle.
\'d8Ep"os (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.
/.] An epic.
Ep`o*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
epotare, epotatum, to drink; e
out + potare to drink.] A drinking up; a
quaffing. [Obs.]
Feltham.
\'d8/`prou`vette" (?), n.
[F.] (Gun.) An apparatus for testing
or proving the strength of gunpowder.
Ep"som*ite (?), n. Native
sulphate of magnesia or Epsom salt.
{ Ep"som salts` salt` (?)
}. (Med.) Sulphate of magnesia having
cathartic qualities; -- originally prepared by boiling down the
mineral waters at Epsom, England, -- whence the name;
afterwards prepared from sea water; but now from certain
minerals, as from siliceous hydrate of magnesia.
<-- p. 504 -->
Ep"u*la*ry (?), a. [L.
epularis, fr. epulum a feast: cf. F.
\'82pulaire.] Of or pertaining to a feast
or banquet. [Obs.]
Smart.
Ep`u*la"tion (?), n. [L.
epulatio.] A feasting or feast;
banquet. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
\'d8E*pu"lis (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. / a gumboil; Gr. / upon + / gums.]
(Med.) A hard tumor developed from the
gums.
Ep"u*lose` (?), a. [L.
epulum a feast.] Feasting to excess.
[Obs.]
Ep`u*los"i*ty (?), n. A
feasting to excess. [Obs.]
Ep`u*lot"ic (?), a. [Gr. /,
fr. / to scar over or heal; / upon, over + / whole.]
Promoting the skinning over or healing of sores; as, an
epulotic ointment. -- n.
An epulotic agent.
Ep`u*ra"tion (?), n. [L.
e out, quite + purare to purify,
purus pure.] Purification.
\'d8/`pure" (?), n.
[F.] (Fine Arts) A draught or model
from which to build; especially, one of the full size of the work
to be done; a detailed drawing.
E`qua*bil"i*ty (?), n. [L.
aequabilitas, fr. aequabilis. See
Equable.] The quality or condition of being
equable; evenness or uniformity; as, equability of
temperature; the equability of the mind.
For the celestial bodies, the equability and
constancy of their motions argue them ordained by wisdom.
Ray.
E"qua*ble (?; 277), a. [L.
aequabilis, fr. aequare to make level or
equal, fr. aequus even, equal. See
Equal.]
1. Equal and uniform; continuing the same at
different times; -- said of motion, and the like; uniform in
surface; smooth; as, an equable plain or
globe.
2. Uniform in action or intensity; not variable or
changing; -- said of the feelings or temper.
E"qua*ble*ness, n. Quality or state of
being equable.
E"qua*bly, adv. In an equable
manner.
E"qual (?), a. [L.
aequalis, fr. aequus even, equal; akin to
Skr. /ka, and perh. to L. unus for older
oinos one, E. one.]
1. Agreeing in quantity, size, quality, degree,
value, etc.; having the same magnitude, the same value, the same
degree, etc.; -- applied to number, degree, quantity, and
intensity, and to any subject which admits of them; neither
inferior nor superior, greater nor less, better nor worse;
corresponding; alike; as, equal quantities of land,
water, etc. ; houses of equal size; persons of
equal stature or talents; commodities of
equal value.
2. Bearing a suitable relation; of just proportion;
having competent power, abilities, or means; adequate; as, he
is not equal to the task.
The Scots trusted not their own numbers as equal to
fight with the English.
Clarendon.
It is not permitted to me to make my commendations
equal to your merit.
Dryden.
Whose voice an equal messenger
Conveyed thy meaning mild.
Emerson.
3. Not variable; equable; uniform; even; as, an
equal movement. \'bdAn equal
temper.\'b8
Dryden.
4. Evenly balanced; not unduly inclining to either
side; characterized by fairness; unbiased; impartial; equitable;
just.
Are not my ways equal?
Ezek. xviii. 29.
Thee, O Jove, no equal judge I deem.
Spenser.
Nor think it equal to answer deliberate reason with
sudden heat and noise.
Milton.
5. Of the same interest or concern;
indifferent.
They who are not disposed to receive them may let them alone
or reject them; it is equal to me.
Cheyne.
6. (Mus.) Intended for voices of one
kind only, either all male or all female; -- opposed to
mixed. [R.]
7. (Math.) Exactly agreeing with respect
to quantity.
Equal temperament. (Mus.) See
Temperament.
Syn. -- Even; equable; uniform; adequate; proportionate;
commensurate; fair; just; equitable.
E"qual, n.
1. One not inferior or superior to another; one
having the same or a similar age, rank, station, office, talents,
strength, or other quality or condition; an equal quantity or
number; as, \'bdIf equals be taken from
equals the remainders are equal.\'b8
Those who were once his equals envy and defame
him.
Addison.
2. State of being equal; equality.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
E"qual, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Equaled (?) or Equalled;
p. pr. & vb. n. Equaling or
Equalling.]
1. To be or become equal to; to have the same
quantity, the same value, the same degree or rank, or the like,
with; to be commen/urate with.
On me whose all not equals Edward's moiety.
Shak.
2. To make equal return to; to recompense
fully.
Who answered all her cares, and equaled all her
love.
Dryden.
3. To make equal or equal to; to equalize; hence,
to compare or regard as equals; to put on equality.
He would not equal the mind that he found in
himself to the infinite and incomprehensible.
Berkeley.
E*qual`i*ta"ri*an (?), n. One
who believes in equalizing the condition of men; a leveler.
E*qual"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Equalities (#). [L.
aequalitas, fr. aequalis equal. See
Equal.]
1. The condition or quality of being equal;
agreement in quantity or degree as compared; likeness in bulk,
value, rank, properties, etc.; as, the equality of
two bodies in length or thickness; an equality of
rights.
A footing of equality with nobles.
Macaulay.
2. Sameness in state or continued course; evenness;
uniformity; as, an equality of temper or
constitution.
3. Evenness; uniformity; as, an
equality of surface.
4. (Math.) Exact agreement between two
expressions or magnitudes with respect to quantity; -- denoted by
the symbol =; thus, a = x signifies that
a contains the same number and kind of units of measure
that x does.
Confessional equality. See under
Confessional.
E`qual*i*za"tion (?), n. The
act of equalizing, or state of being equalized.
Their equalization with the rest of their fellow
subjects.
Burke.
E"qual*ize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Equalized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Equalizing
(?).] [Cf. F.
\'82galiser.]
1. To make equal; to cause to correspond, or be
like, in amount or degree as compared; as, to
equalize accounts, burdens, or taxes.
One poor moment can suffice
To equalize the lofty and the low.
Wordsworth.
No system of instruction will completely equalize
natural powers.
Whately.
2. To pronounce equal; to compare as equal.
Which we equalize, and perhaps would willingly
prefer to the Iliad.
Orrery.
3. To be equal to; equal; to match.
[Obs.]
It could not equalize the hundredth part
Of what her eyes have kindled in my heart.
Waller.
Equalizing bar (Railroad Mach.), a
lever connecting two axle boxes, or two springs in a car truck or
locomotive, to equalize the pressure on the axles.
E"qual*i`zer (?), n. One who,
or that which, equalizes anything.
E"qual*ly, adv. In an equal manner or
degree in equal shares or proportion; with equal and impartial
justice; without difference; alike; evenly; justly; as,
equally taxed, furnished, etc.
E"qual*ness, n. Equality;
evenness.
Shak.
E*quan"gu*lar (?), a. [See
Equiangular.] Having equal angles;
equiangular. [R.]
Johnson.
E`qua*nim"i*ty (?), n. [L.
aequanimitas, fr. aequanimus: cf. F.
\'82quanimit\'82. See Equanimous.]
Evenness of mind; that calm temper or firmness of mind which
is not easily elated or depressed; patience; calmness; composure;
as, to bear misfortunes with equanimity.
E*quan"i*mous (?), a. [L.
aequanimus, fr. aequus equal +
animus mind.] Of an even, composed frame of
mind; of a steady temper; not easily elated or depressed.
Bp. Gauden.
E"quant (?), n. [L.
aequans, -antis, p. pr. of
aequare: cf. F. \'82quant. See
Equate.] (Ptolemaic Astron.) A
circle around whose circumference a planet or the center of ann
epicycle was conceived to move uniformly; -- called also
eccentric equator.
E*quate" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Equated; p. pr.
& vb. n. Equating.] [L.
aequatus, p. p. of aequare to make level or
equal, fr. aequus level, equal. See
Equal.] To make equal; to reduce to an
average; to make such an allowance or correction in as will
reduce to a common standard of comparison; to reduce to mean time
or motion; as, to equate payments; to
equate lines of railroad for grades or curves;
equated distances.
Palgrave gives both scrolle and scrowe and equates
both to F[rench] rolle.
Skeat (Etymol. Dict. ).
Equating for grades (Railroad Engin.),
adding to the measured distance one mile for each twenty feet
of ascent. -- Equating for curves, adding
half a mile for each 360 degrees of curvature.
E*qua"tion (?), n. [L.
aequatio an equalizing: cf. F. \'82quation
equation. See Equate.]
1. A making equal; equal division; equality;
equilibrium.
Again the golden day resumed its right,
And ruled in just equation with the night.
Rowe.
2. (Math.) An expression of the
condition of equality between two algebraic quantities or sets of
quantities, the sign = being placed between them; as, a
binomial equation; a quadratic equation; an
algebraic equation; a transcendental equation;
an exponential equation; a logarithmic
equation; a differential equation,
etc.
3. (Astron.) A quantity to be applied in
computing the mean place or other element of a celestial body;
that is, any one of the several quantities to be added to, or
taken from, its position as calculated on the hypothesis of a
mean uniform motion, in order to find its true position as
resulting from its actual and unequal motion.
Absolute equation. See under
Absolute. -- Equation box, Equational box, a system of differential
gearing used in spinning machines for regulating the twist of the
yarn. It resembles gearing used in equation clocks for showing
apparent time. -- Equation of the center
(Astron.), the difference between the place of a
planet as supposed to move uniformly in a circle, and its place
as moving in an ellipse. -- Equations of
condition (Math.), equations formed for
deducing the true values of certain quantities from others on
which they depend, when different sets of the latter, as given by
observation, would yield different values of the quantities
sought, and the number of equations that may be found is greater
than the number of unknown quantities. -- Equation of a
curve (Math.), an equation which expresses
the relation between the co\'94rdinates of every point in the
curve. -- Equation of equinoxes
(Astron.), the difference between the mean and
apparent places of the equinox. -- Equation of
payments (Arith.), the process of finding
the mean time of payment of several sums due at different
times. -- Equation of time (Astron.),
the difference between mean and apparent time, or between the
time of day indicated by the sun, and that by a perfect clock
going uniformly all the year round. --
Equation clock ,
a timepiece made to exhibit the differences between mean
solar and apparent solar time. Knight. --
Normal equation. See under Normal.
-- Personal equation (Astron.), the
difference between an observed result and the true qualities or
peculiarities in the observer; particularly the difference, in an
average of a large number of observation, between the instant
when an observer notes a phenomenon, as the transit of a star,
and the assumed instant of its actual occurrence; or, relatively,
the difference between these instants as noted by two observers.
It is usually only a fraction of a second; -- sometimes applied
loosely to differences of judgment or method occasioned by
temperamental qualities of individuals. -- Theory of
equations (Math.), the branch of algebra
that treats of the properties of a single algebraic equation of
any degree containing one unknown quantity.
E*qua"tor (?), n. [L.
aequator one who equalizes: cf. F.
\'82quateur equator. See Equate.]
1. (Geog.) The imaginary great circle on
the earth's surface, everywhere equally distant from the two
poles, and dividing the earth's surface into two
hemispheres.
2. (Astron.) The great circle of the
celestial sphere, coincident with the plane of the earth's
equator; -- so called because when the sun is in it, the days and
nights are of equal length; hence called also the
equinoctial, and on maps, globes, etc., the
equinoctial line.
Equator of the sun (Astron.), the great circle
whose plane passes through through the center of the body, and is
perpendicular to its axis of revolution. -- Magnetic
equator. See Aclinic.
E`qua*to"ri*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82quatorial.] Of or pertaining to the
equator; as, equatorial climates; also,
pertaining to an equatorial instrument.
E`qua*to"ri*al, n. (Astron.)
An instrument consisting of a telescope so mounted as to
have two axes of motion at right angles to each other, one of
them parallel to the axis of the earth, and each carrying a
graduated circle, the one for measuring declination, and the
other right ascension, or the hour angle, so that the telescope
may be directed, even in the daytime, to any star or other object
whose right ascension and declination are known. The motion in
right ascension is sometimes communicated by clockwork, so as to
keep the object constantly in the field of the telescope. Called
also an equatorial telescope.
equatorial, or equatorial
instrument, is sometimes applied to any astronomical
instrument which has its principal axis of rotation parallel to
the axis of the earth.
<-- contrasted with altazimuthal movement of a telescope. -->
E`qua*to"ri*al*ly, adv. So as to have
motion or direction parallel to the equator.
Eq"uer*ry (?; 277), n.; pl.
Equerries (#). [F.
\'82curie stable, for older escurie,
escuirie (confused somewhat with F.
\'82cuyer, OF. escuyer, squire), LL.
scuria, OHG. skiura, sc/ra,
barn, shed, G. scheuer, from a root meaning to
cover, protect, and akin to L. scutum
shield. See Esquire, and cf. Ecurie,
Querry.]
1. A large stable or lodge for horses.
Johnson.
2. An officer of princes or nobles, charged with
the care of their horses.
equerries are officers of the
royal household in the department of the Master of the
Horse.
Eq"ue*ry (?), n. Same as
Equerry.
E*ques"tri*an (?), a. [L.
equester, from eques horseman, fr.
equus horse: cf. F. \'82questre. See
Equine.]
1. Of or pertaining to horses or horsemen, or to
horsemanship; as, equestrian feats, or
games.
2. Being or riding on horseback; mounted; as,
an equestrian statue.
An equestrian lady appeared upon the plains.
Spectator.
3. Belonging to, or composed of, the ancient Roman
equities or knights; as, the equestrian
order.
Burke.
E*ques"tri*an, n. One who rides on
horseback; a horseman; a rider.
E*ques"tri*an*ism (?), n. The
art of riding on horseback; performance on horseback;
horsemanship; as, feats equestrianism.
E*ques"tri*enne` (?), n.
[Formed after analogy of the French language.] A
woman skilled in equestrianism; a horsewoman.
E"qui- (?). [L. aequus equal.
See Equal.] A prefix, meaning
equally; as, equidistant;
equiangular.
E"qui*an`gled (?), a.
[Equi- + angle.]
Equiangular. [Obs.]
Boyle.
E`qui*an"gu*lar (?), a.
[Equi- + angular. Cf.
Equangular.] Having equal angles; as, an
equiangular figure; a square is
equiangular.
Equiangular spiral. (Math.) See
under Spiral, n. -- Mutually
equiangular, applied to two figures, when every angle
of the one has its equal among the angles of the other.
E`qui*bal"ance (?), n.
[Equi- + balance.] Equal
weight; equiponderance.
E`qui*bal"ance, v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Equibalanced (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Equibalancing (?).]
To make of equal weight; to balance equally; to
counterbalance; to equiponderate.
E`qui*cres"cent (?), a.
[Equi- + crescent.]
(Math.) Increasing by equal increments; as,
an equicrescent variable.
E`qui*cru"ral (?), a. [L.
aequicrurius; aequus equal +
crus, cruris, leg.] Having equal
legs or sides; isosceles. [R.]
\'bdEquicrural triangles.\'b8
Sir T. Browne.
E"qui*crure (?), a.
Equicrural. [Obs.]
E`qui*dif"fer*ent (?), a.
[Equi- + different: cf. F.
\'82quidiff\'82rent.] Having equal
differences; as, the terms of arithmetical progression are
equidifferent.
E`qui*dis"tance (?), n. Equal
distance.
E`qui*dis"tant (?), a. [L.
aequidistans, -antis; aequus
equal + distans distant: cf. F.
\'82quidistant.] Being at an equal distance
from the same point or thing. --
E`qui*dis"tant*ly,
adv.
Sir T. Browne.
E`qui*di*ur"nal (?), a.
[Equi- + diurnal.]
Pertaining to the time of equal day and night; -- applied to
the equinoctial line.
Whewell.
E"qui*form (?), a. [L.
aequiformis; aequus equal +
forma form.] Having the same form;
uniform. -- E`qui*for"mi*ty
(#), n.
Sir T. Browne.
E`qui*lat"er*al (?), a. [L.
aequilateralis; aequus equal +
latus, lateris, side: cf. F.
\'82quilat\'82ral.] Having all the sides
equal; as, an equilateral triangle; an
equilateral polygon.
Equilateral hyperbola (Geom.), one
whose axes are equal. -- Equilateral shell
(Zo\'94l.), one in which a transverse line drawn
through the apex of the umbo bisects the valve, or divides it
into two equal and symmetrical parts. -- Mutually
equilateral, applied to two figures, when every side of
the one has its equal among the sides of the other.
E`qui*lat"er*al, n. A side exactly
corresponding, or equal, to others; also, a figure of equal
sides.
E`qui*li"brate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Equilibrated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Equilibrating
(?).] [L. aequilibratus in
equilibrium; aequus equal + libra balance.
See Equilibrium.] To balance two scales,
sides, or ends; to keep even with equal weight on each side; to
keep in equipoise.
H. Spenser.
\'3c-- p. 505 --\'3e
E`qui*li*bra"tion (?), n.
1. Act of keeping a balance, or state of being
balanced; equipoise.
In . . . running, leaping, and dancing, nature's laws of
equilibration are observed.
J. Denham.
2. (Biol.) The process by which animal
and vegetable organisms preserve a physiological balance.
H. Spenser.
E`qui*lib"ri*ous (?), a. Evenly
poised; balanced. Dr. H. More. --
E`qui*lib"ri*ous*ly,
adv.
E*quil"i*brist (?), n. One who
balances himself in unnatural positions and hazardous movements;
a balancer.
When the equilibrist balances a rod upon his
finger.
Stewart.
E`qui*lib"ri*ty (?), n. [L.
aequilibritas equal distribution. See
Equilibrium.] The state of being balanced;
equality of weight. [R.]
J. Gregory.
E`qui*lib"ri*um (?), n.; pl. E.
Equilibriums (#), L. Equilibria
(#). [L. aequilibrium, fr.
aequilibris in equilibrium, level; aequus
equal + libra balance. See Equal, and
Librate.]
1. Equality of weight or force; an equipoise or a
state of rest produced by the mutual counteraction of two or more
forces.
2. A level position; a just poise or balance in
respect to an object, so that it remains firm; equipoise; as,
to preserve the equilibrium of the body.
Health consists in the equilibrium between those
two powers.
Arbuthnot.
3. A balancing of the mind between motives or
reasons, with consequent indecision and doubt.
Equilibrium valve (Steam Engine), a
balanced valve. See under Valve.
E`qui*mo*men"tal (?), a.
[Equi- + momental.]
(Mech.) Having equal moments of inertia.
equimomental when their moments of inertia about all
straight lines are equal each to each.
Equimomental cone of a given rigid body, a
conical surface that has any given vertex, and is described by a
straight line which moves in such manner that the moment of
inertia of the given rigid body about the line is in all its
positions the same.
E`qui*mul"ti*ple (?), a.
[Equi- + multiple: cf. F.
\'82quimultiple.] Multiplied by the same
number or quantity.
E`qui*mul"ti*ple, n. (Math.)
One of the products arising from the multiplication of two
or more quantities by the same number or quantity. Thus, seven
times 2, or 14, and seven times 4, or 28, are
equimultiples of 2 and 4.
E*qui"nal (?), a. See
Equine. \'bdAn equinal shape.\'b8
Heywood.
E"quine (?), a. [L.
equinus, fr. equus horse; akin to Gr. /,
Skr. a/va, OS. ehu, AS. eh,
eoh, Icel. j/r, OIr. ech, cf.
Skr. a/ to reach, overtake, perh. akin to E.
acute, edge, eager,
a. Cf. Hippopotamus.] Of,
pertaining to, or resembling, a horse.
The shoulders, body, things, and mane are equine;
the head completely bovine.
Sir J. Barrow.
\'d8E*quin"i*a (?), n. [NL. See
Equine.] (Med.) Glanders.
E`qui*noc"tial (?), a. [L.
aequinoctials, fr. aequinoctium equinox:
cf. F. \'82quinoxial. See Equinox.]
1. Pertaining to an equinox, or the equinoxes, or
to the time of equal day and night; as, the
equinoctial line.
2. Pertaining to the regions or climate of the
equinoctial line or equator; in or near that line; as,
equinoctial heat; an equinoctial
sun.
3. Pertaining to the time when the sun enters the
equinoctial points; as, an equinoctial gale or
storm, that is, one happening at or near the time of the equinox,
in any part of the world.
Equinoctial colure (Astron.), the
meridian passing through the equinoctial points.
-- Equinoctial line (Astron.), the
celestial equator; -- so called because when the sun is on it,
the nights and days are of equal length in all parts of the
world. See Equator.
Thrice the equinoctial line
He circled.
Milton.
- Equinoctial points (Astron.), the
two points where the celestial and ecliptic intersect each other;
the one being in the first point of Aries, the other in the first
point of Libra. -- Equinoctial time
(Astron.) reckoned in any year from the instant
when the mean sun is at the mean vernal equinoctial
point.
E`qui*noc"tial, n. The equinoctial
line.
E`qui*noc"tial*ly, adv. Towards the
equinox.
E"qui*nox (?), n. [OE.
equinoxium, equenoxium, L.
aequinoctium; aequus equal +
nox, noctis, night: cf. F.
\'82quinoxe. See Equal, and
Night.]
1. The time when the sun enters one of the
equinoctial points, that is, about March 21 and September 22. See
Autumnal equinox, Vernal equinox, under
Autumnal and Vernal.
When descends on the Atlantic
The gigantic
Stormwind of the equinox.
Longfellow.
2. Equinoctial wind or storm.
[R.]
Dryden.
E`qui*nu"mer*ant (?), a.
[Equi- + L. numerans, p. pr. of
numerare to number.] Equal as to
number. [Obs.]
Arbuthnot.
E*quip" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Equipped
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Equipping.] [F. \'82quiper
to supply, fit out, orig. said of a ship, OF. esquiper
to embark; of German origin; cf. OHG. scif, G.
schiff, Icel. skip, AS. scip.
See Ship.]
1. To furnish for service, or against a need or
exigency; to fit out; to supply with whatever is necessary to
efficient action in any way; to provide with arms or an armament,
stores, munitions, rigging, etc.; -- said esp. of ships and of
troops.
Dryden.
Gave orders for equipping a considerable fleet.
Ludlow.
2. To dress up; to array; accouter.
The country are led astray in following the town, and
equipped in a ridiculous habit, when they fancy
themselves in the height of the mode.
Addison.
Eq"ui*page (?; 48), n. [F.
\'82quipage, fr. \'82quiper. See
Equip.]
1. Furniture or outfit, whether useful or
ornamental; especially, the furniture and supplies of a vessel,
fitting her for a voyage or for warlike purposes, or the
furniture and necessaries of an army, a body of troops, or a
single soldier, including whatever is necessary for efficient
service; equipments; accouterments; habiliments; attire.
Did their exercises on horseback with noble
equipage.
Evelyn.
First strip off all her equipage of Pride.
Pope.
2. Retinue; train; suite.
Swift.
3. A carriage of state or of pleasure with all that
accompanies it, as horses, liveried servants, etc., a showy
turn-out.
The rumbling equipages of fashion . . . were
unknown in the settlement of New Amsterdam.
W. Irving.
Eq"ui*paged (?), a. Furnished
with equipage.
Well dressed, well bred.
Well equipaged, is ticket good enough.
Cowper.
E*quip"a*ra*ble (?) a. [L.
aequiparabilis.] Comparable.
[Obs. or R.]
E*quip"a*rate (?) v. t. [L.
aequiparatus, p. p. of aequiparare.]
To compare. [R.]
E*quip"e*dal (?), a.
[Equi- + L. pes, pedis,
foot.] (Zo\'94l.) Equal-footed; having the
pairs of feet equal.
E`qui*pend"en*cy (?), n.
[Equi- + pendency.] The act
or condition of hanging in equipoise; not inclined or determined
either way.
South.
E`qui*pen"sate (?), v. t.
[Equi- + pensatus, p. p. of pensare to
weigh. Cf. Equipoise.] To weigh equally; to
esteem alike. [Obs.]
E*quip"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82quipement. See Equip.]
1. The act of equipping, or the state of being
equipped, as for a voyage or expedition.
Burke.
The equipment of the fleet was hastened by De
Witt.
Hume.
2. Whatever is used in equipping; necessaries for
an expedition or voyage; the collective designation for the
articles comprising an outfit; equipage; as, a railroad
equipment (locomotives, cars, etc. ; for carrying
on business); horse equipments; infantry
equipments; naval equipments; laboratory
equipments.
Armed and dight,
In the equipments of a knight.
Longfellow.
E"qui*poise (?), n.
[Equi- + poise.]
1. Equality of weight or force; hence, equilibrium;
a state in which the two ends or sides of a thing are balanced,
and hence equal; state of being equally balanced; -- said of
moral, political, or social interests or forces.
The means of preserving the equipoise and the
tranquillity of the commonwealth.
Burke.
Our little lives are kept in equipoise
By opposite attractions and desires.
Longfellow.
2. Counterpoise.
The equipoise to the clergy being removed.
Buckle.
{ E`qui*pol"lence (?),
E`qui*pol"len*cy (?) }, n.
[Cf. F. \'82quipollence. See
Equipollent.]
1. Equality of power, force, signification, or
application.
Boyle.
2. (Logic) Sameness of signification of
two or more propositions which differ in language.
E`qui*pol"lent (?), a. [L.
aequipollens; aequus equal +
pollens, -entis, p. pr. of
pollere to be strong, able: cf. F.
\'82quipollent.]
1. Having equal power or force; equivalent.
Bacon.
2. (Logic) Having equivalent
signification and reach; expressing the same thing, but
differently.
E`qui*pol"lent*ly, adv. With equal
power.
Barrow.
{ E`qui*pon"der*ance (?),
E`qui*pon"der*an*cy (?) }, n.
[Equi- + ponderance: cf. F.
\'82quipond\'82rance.] Equality of weight;
equipoise.
E`qui*pon"der*ant (?), a. [Cf.
F. \'82quipond\'82rant.] Being of the same
weight.
A column of air . . . equiponderant to a column of
quicksilver.
Locke.
E`qui*pon"der*ate (?), v. i.
[Equi- + L. ponderare to weigh. See
Ponderate.] To be equal in weight; to weigh
as much as another thing.
Bp. Wilkins.
E`qui*pon"der*ate, v. t. To make equal
in weight; to counterbalance. \'bdMore than
equiponderated the declension in that direction.\'b8
De Quincey.
E`qui*pon"der*ous (?), a.
[Equi- + L. pondus,
ponderis, weight.] Having equal
weight.
Bailey.
E`qui*pon"di*ous (?), a. [L.
aequipondium an equal weight; aequus equal
+ pondus weight.] Of equal weight on both
sides; balanced. [Obs.]
Glanvill.
E`qui*po*ten"tial (?), a.
[Equi- + potential.] (Mech.
& Physics) Having the same potential.
Equipotential surface, a surface for which the
potential is for all points of the surface constant. Level
surfaces on the earth are equipotential.
E`qui*rad"i*cal (?) a.
[Equi- + radical.] Equally
radical. [R.]
Coleridge.
E`qui*ro"tal (?), a.
[Equi- + L. rota wheel.]
Having wheels of the same size or diameter; having equal
rotation. [R.]
E`qui*se*ta"ceous (?), a.
(Bot.) Belonging to the
Equisetace\'91, or Horsetail family.
E`qui*set"i*form (?), a.
[Equisetum- + -form.]
(Bot.) Having the form of the equisetum.
\'d8Eq`ui*se"tum (?), n.; pl.
Equiseta (#). [L., the horsetail,
fr. equus horse + seta a thick,, stiff
hair, bristle.] (Bot.) A genus of vascular,
cryptogamic, herbaceous plants; -- also called
horsetails.
Equiseta have hollow jointed stems
and no true leaves. The cuticle often contains siliceous
granules, so that one species (E. hyemale) is used for
scouring and polishing, under the name of Dutch rush
or scouring rush.
E*quis"o*nance (?), n.
[Equi- + L. sonans, p. pr. of sonare
to sound: cf. F. \'82quisonnance. See Sonant.]
(Mus.) An equal sounding; the consonance of the
unison and its octaves.
E*quis"o*nant (?) a. Of the
same or like sound.
Eq"ui*ta*ble (?), a. [F.
\'82quitable, from \'82quit\'82. See
Equity.]
1. Possessing or exhibiting equity; according to
natural right or natural justice; marked by a due consideration
for what is fair, unbiased, or impartial; just; as an
equitable decision; an equitable
distribution of an estate; equitable men.
No two . . . had exactly the same notion of what was
equitable.
Macaulay.
2. (Law) That can be sustained or made
available or effective in a court of equity, or upon principles
of equity jurisprudence; as, an equitable estate;
equitable assets, assignment, mortgage, etc.
Abbott.
Syn. -- Just; fair; reasonable; right; honest; impartial;
candid; upright.
Eq"ui*ta*ble*ness, n. The quality of
being equitable, just, or impartial; as, the
equitableness of a judge, a decision, or distribution of
property.
Eq"ui*ta*bly, adv. In an equitable
manner; justly; as, the laws should be equitably
administered.
Eq"ui*tan*cy (?), n. [Cf. LL.
equitantia. See Equitant.]
Horsemanship.
Eq"ui*tant (?), a. [L.
equitans, -antis, p. pr. of
equitare to ride, fr. eques horseman, fr.
equus horse.]
1. Mounted on, or sitting upon, a horse; riding on
horseback.
2. (Bot.) Overlapping each other; --
said of leaves whose bases are folded so as to overlap and
bestride the leaves within or above them, as in the iris.
Eq`ui*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
equitatio, fr. equitare: cf. F.
\'82quitation.] A riding, or the act of
riding, on horseback; horsemanship.
The pretender to equitation mounted.
W. Irving.
E`qui*tem`po*ra"ne*ous (?), a.
[L. aequus equal + tempus,
temporis, time.] Contemporaneous.
[Obs.]
Boyle.
\'d8Eq"ui*tes (?) n. pl [L.,
pl. of eques a horseman.] (Rom.
Antiq.) An order of knights holding a middle place
between the senate and the commonalty; members of the Roman
equestrian order.
Eq"ui*ty (?), n.; pl.
Equities (#). [F.
\'82quit\'82, L. aequitas, fr.
aequus even, equal. See Equal.]
1. Equality of rights; natural justice or right;
the giving, or desiring to give, to each man his due, according
to reason, and the law of God to man; fairness in determination
of conflicting claims; impartiality.
Christianity secures both the private interests of men and the
public peace, enforcing all justice and equity.
Tillotson.
2. (Law) An equitable claim; an equity
of redemption; as, an equity to a settlement, or
wife's equity, etc.
I consider the wife's equity to be too well settled
to be shaken.
Kent.
3. (Law) A system of jurisprudence,
supplemental to law, properly so called, and complemental of
it.
Equity had been gradually shaping itself into a
refined science which no human faculties could master without
long and intense application.
Macaulay.
Chancery.
Equity of redemption (Law), the
advantage, allowed to a mortgageor, of a certain or reasonable
time to redeem lands mortgaged, after they have been forfeited at
law by the nonpayment of the sum of money due on the mortgage at
the appointed time.
Blackstone.
Syn. -- Right; justice; impartiality; rectitude; fairness;
honesty; uprightness. See Justice.
E*quiv"a*lence (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82quivalence, LL. aequivalentia.]
1. The condition of being equivalent or equal;
equality of worth, value, signification, or force; as, an
equivalence of definitions.
2. Equal power or force; equivalent amount.
3. (Chem.) (a) The quantity of
the combining power of an atom, expressed in hydrogen units; the
number of hydrogen atoms can combine with, or be exchanged for;
valency. See Valence. (b) The degree
of combining power as determined by relative weight. See
Equivalent, n., 2. [R.]
E*quiv"a*lence, v. t. To be equivalent
or equal to; to counterbalance. [R.]
Sir T. Browne.
E*quiv"a*len*cy (?), n. Same as
Equivalence.
E*quiv"a*lent (?), a. [L.
aequivalens, -entis, p. pr. of
aequivalere to have equal power; aequus
equal + valere to be strong, be worth: cf. F.
\'82quivalent. See Equal, and
Valiant.]
1. Equal in wortir or value, force, power, effect,
import, and the like; alike in significance and value; of the
same import or meaning.
For now to serve and to minister, servile and ministerial, are
terms equivalent.
South.
2. (Geom.) Equal in measure but not
admitting of superposition; -- applied to magnitudes; as, a
square may be equivalent to a triangle.
<-- p. 506 -->
3. (Geol.) Contemporaneous in origin;
as, the equivalent strata of different
countries.
E*quiv"a*lent (?), n.
1. Something equivalent; that which is equal in
value, worth, weight, or force; as, to offer an
equivalent for damage done.
He owned that, if the Test Act were repealed, the Protestants
were entitled to some equivalent. . . . During some
weeks the word equivalent, then lately imported from
France, was in the mouths of all the coffeehouse.
Macaulay.
2. (Chem.) That comparative quantity by
weight of an element which possesses the same chemical value as
other elements, as determined by actual experiment and reference
to the same standard. Specifically: (a) The comparative
proportions by which one element replaces another in any
particular compound; thus, as zinc replaces hydrogen in
hydrochloric acid, their equivalents are 32.5 and 1.
(b) The combining proportion by weight of a substance,
or the number expressing this proportion, in any particular
compound; as, the equivalents of hydrogen and oxygen
in water are respectively 1 and 8, and in hydric dioxide 1 and
16.<-- = equivalent weight. -->
atomic weight, with which,
however, for a time it was practically synonymous. The attempt to
limit the term to the meaning of a universally comparative
combining weight failed, because of the possibility of several
compounds of the substances by reason of the variation in
combining power which most elements exhibit. The
equivalent was really identical with, or a multiple of
submultiple of, the atomic weight.
3. (Chem.) A combining unit, whether an
atom, a radical, or a molecule; as, in acid salt two or more
equivalents of acid unite with one or more
equivalents of base.
Mechanical equivalent of heat
(Physics), the number of units of work which the
unit of heat can perform; the mechanical energy which must be
expended to raise the temperature of a unit weight of water from
0Joule's equivalent, and represented by the
symbol J. This is equal to 424 kilogram meters (Centigrade
scale). A more recent determination by Professor Rowland gives
the value 426.9 kilogram meters, for the latitude of
Baltimore.
E*quiv"a*lent, v. t. To make the
equivalent to; to equal; equivalence. [R.]
E*quiv"a*lent*ly, adv. In an equal
manner.
E`qui*val"ue (?), v. t. To put
an equal value upon; to put (something) on a par with another
thing.
W. Taylor.
{ E"qui*valve (?), E"qui*valved
(?), } a. [Equi- +
valve.] (Zo\'94l.) Having the
valves equal in size and from, as in most bivalve shells.
E`qui*val"vu*lar (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Same as Equivalve or
Equivalved.
E*quiv"o*ca*cy (?), n.
Equivocalness.
E*quiv"o*cal (?), a. [L.
aequivocus: aequus equal + vox,
vocis, word. See Equal, and Voice,
and cf. Equivoque.]
1. (Literally, called equally one thing
or the other; hence:) Having two significations equally
applicable; capable of double interpretation; of doubtful
meaning; ambiguous; uncertain; as, equivocal words;
an equivocal sentence.
For the beauties of Shakespeare are not of so dim or
equivocal a nature as to be visible only to learned
eyes.
Jeffrey.
2. Capable of being ascribed to different motives,
or of signifying opposite feelings, purposes, or characters;
deserving to be suspected; as, his actions are
equivocal. \'bdEquivocal
repentances.\'b8
Milton.
3. Uncertain, as an indication or sign;
doubtful. \'bdHow equivocal a test.\'b8
Burke.
Equivocal chord (Mus.), a chord
which can be resolved into several distinct keys; one whose
intervals, being all minor thirds, do not clearly indicate its
fundamental tone or root; the chord of the diminished triad, and
the diminished seventh.
Syn. -- Ambiguous; doubtful; uncertain; indeterminate.
-- Equivocal, Ambiguous. We call an
expression ambiguous when it has one general meaning,
and yet contains certain words which may be taken in two
different senses; or certain clauses which can be so connected
with other clauses as to divide the mind between different views
of part of the meaning intended. We call an expression
equivocal when, taken as a whole, it conveys a given
thought with perfect clearness and propriety, and also another
thought with equal propriety and clearness. Such were the
responses often given by the Delphic oracle; as that to Cr/sus
when consulting about a war with Persia: \'bdIf you cross the
Halys, you will destroy a great empire.\'b8 This he applied to
the Persian empire, which lay beyond that river, and, having
crossed, destroyed his own, empire in the conflict. What is
ambiguous is a mere blunder of language; what is
equivocal is usually intended to deceive, though it
may occur at times from mere inadvertence.
Equivocation is applied only to cases where there is a
design to deceive.
E*quiv"o*cal, n. A word or expression
capable of different meanings; an ambiguous term; an
equivoque.
In languages of great ductility, equivocals like
that just referred to are rarely found.
Fitzed. Hall.
E*quiv"o*cal*ly, adv. In an equivocal
manner.
E*quiv"o*cal*ness, n. The state of being
equivocal.
E*quiv"o*cate (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Equivocated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Equivocating.] [L.
aequivocatus, p. p. of aequivocari to be
called by the same name, fr. L. aequivocus: cf. F.
\'82quivoquer. See Equivocal,
a.] To use words of equivocal or doubtful
signification; to express one's opinions in terms which admit of
different senses, with intent to deceive; to use ambiguous
expressions with a view to mislead; as, to
equivocate is the work of duplicity.
All that Garnet had to say for him was that he supposed he
meant to equivocate.
Bp. Stillingfleet.
Syn. -- To prevaricate; evade; shuffle; quibble. See
Prevaricate.
E*quiv"o*cate (?), v. t. To
render equivocal or ambiguous.
He equivocated his vow by a mental reservation.
Sir G. Buck.
E*quiv`o*ca"tion (?), n. The
use of expressions susceptible of a double signification, with a
purpose to mislead.
There being no room for equivocations, there is no
need of distinctions.
Locke.
Syn. -- Prevarication; ambiguity; shuffling; evasion;
guibbling. See Equivocal, a., and
Prevaricate, v. i.
E*quiv"o*ca`tor (?), n. One who
equivocates.
Here's an equivocator that could swear in both the
scales against either scale, yet could not equivocate to
heaven.
Shak.
E*quiv"o*ca*to*ry (?), a.
Indicating, or characterized by, equivocation.
{ Eq"ui*voque, Eq"ui*voke }
(?), n. [F. \'82quivoque. See
Equivocal.]
1. An ambiguous term; a word susceptible of
different significations.
Coleridge.
2. An equivocation; a guibble.
B. Jonson.
E*quiv"o*rous (?), a. [L.
equus horse + vorare to eat
greedily.] Feeding on horseflesh; as,
equivorous Tartars.
\'d8E"quus (?), n. [L.,
horse.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of mammals,
including the horse, ass, etc.
-er (?).
1. [AS. -ere; akin to L.
-arius.] The termination of many English
words, denoting the agent; -- applied either to men or
things; as in hater, farmer,
heater, grater. At the end of names of
places, -er signifies a man of the place;
as, Londoner, i. e., London
man.
2. [AS. -ra; akin to G. -er,
Icel. -are, -re, Goth. -iza,
-/za, L. -ior, Gr. /, Skr.
-\'c6yas.] A suffix used to form the
comparative degree of adjectives and adverbs; as,
warmer, sooner, lat(e)er,
earl(y)ier.
E"ra (?), n.; pl.
Eras (#). [LL. aera an
era, in earlier usage, the items of an account, counters, pl. of
aes, aeris, brass, money. See
Ore.]
1. A fixed point of time, usually an epoch, from
which a series of years is reckoned.
The foundation of Solomon's temple is conjectured by Ideler to
have been an era.
R. S. Poole.
2. A period of time reckoned from some particular
date or epoch; a succession of years dating from some important
event; as, the era of Alexander; the era of
Christ, or the Christian era (see under
Christian).
The first century of our era.
M. Arnold.
3. A period of time in which a new order of things
prevails; a signal stage of history; an epoch.
Painting may truly be said to have opened the new
era of culture.
J. A. Symonds.
Syn. -- Epoch; time; date; period; age; dispensation. See
Epoch.
E*ra"di*ate (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Eradiated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Eradiating
(?).] [Pref. e- +
radiate.] To shoot forth, as rays of light;
to beam; to radiate.
Dr. H. More.
E*ra`di*a"tion (?), n. Emission
of radiance.
E*rad"i*ca*ble (?), a. Capable
of being eradicated.
E*rad"i*cate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Eradicated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Eradicating
(?).] [L. eradicatus, p. p.
of eradicare to eradicate; e out +
radix, radicis, root. See
Radical.]
1. To pluck up by the roots; to root up; as, an
oak tree eradicated.
2. To root out; to destroy utterly; to extirpate;
as, to eradicate diseases, or errors.
This, although now an old an inveterate evil, might be
eradicated by vigorous treatment.
Southey.
Syn. -- To extirpate; root out; exterminate; destroy;
annihilate.
E*rad`i*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
eradicatio: cf. F. \'82radication.]
1. The act of plucking up by the roots; a rooting
out; extirpation; utter destruction.
2. The state of being plucked up by the
roots.
E*rad"i*ca*tive (?), a. [Cf.
\'82radicatif.] Tending or serving to
eradicate; curing or destroying thoroughly, as a disease or any
evil.
E*rad"i*ca*tive, n. (Med.) A
medicine that effects a radical cure.
Whitlock.
E*ras"a*ble (?), a. Capable of
being erased.
E*rase" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Erased (#);
p. pr. & vb. n.. Erasing.]
[L. erasus, p. p. of eradere to erase;
e out + radere to scrape, scratch, shave.
See Rase.]
1. To rub or scrape out, as letters or characters
written, engraved, or painted; to efface; to expunge; to cross
out; as, to erase a word or a name.
2. Fig.: To obliterate; to expunge; to blot out; --
used of ideas in the mind or memory.
Burke.
E*rased" (?), p. pr. & a.
1. Rubbed or scraped out; effaced;
obliterated.
2. (Her.) Represented with jagged and
uneven edges, as is torn off; -- used esp. of the head or limb of
a beast. Cf. Couped.
E*rase"ment (?), n. The act of
erasing; a rubbing out; expunction; obliteration.
Johnson.
E*ras"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, erases; esp., a sharp instrument or a piece of rubber
used to erase writings, drawings, etc.
E*ra"sion (?), n. The act of
erasing; a rubbing out; obliteration.
E*ras"tian (?; 106), n. (Eccl.
Hist.) One of the followers of Thomas Erastus, a
German physician and theologian of the 16th century. He held that
the punishment of all offenses should be referred to the civil
power, and that holy communion was open to all. In the present
day, an Erastian is one who would see the church placed entirely
under the control of the State.
Shipley.
E*ras"tian*ism (?), n. (Eccl.
Hist.) The principles of the Erastains.
E*ra"sure (?; 135), n. [From
Erase.] The act of erasing; a scratching out;
obliteration.
Er"a*tive (?), a. Pertaining to
the Muse Erato who presided over amatory poetry.
Stormonth.
Er"a*to (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.
/, fr. / to love.] (Class. Myth.) The
Muse who presided over lyric and amatory poetry.
Er"bi*um (?), n. [NL. from
Ytterby, in Sweden, where gadolinite is found. Cf.
Terbium, Yttrium, Ytterbium.]
(Chem.) A rare metallic element associated with
several other rare elements in the mineral gadolinite from
Ytterby in Sweden. Symbol Er. Atomic weight 165.9. Its salts are
rose-colored and give characteristic spectra. Its sesquioxide is
called erbia.
Er`ce*de"ken (?), n. [OE., fr.
pref. erce- = archi- + deken a
deacon.] An archdeacon. [Obs.]
Erd (?), n. [OE.
erd, eard, earth, land, country, AS.
eard; akin to OS. ard dwelling place, OHG.
art plowing, tillage, Icel. \'94r
crop, and to L. arare to plow, E. ear to
plow.] The earth. [Prov. Eng.]
Wright.
Erd shrew (Zo\'94l.), the common
European shrew (Sorex vulgaris); the
shrewmouse.
Ere (?; 277), prep. & adv. [AS.
/r, prep., adv., & conj.; akin to OS., OFries., &
OHG. /r, G. eher, D. eer,
Icel. \'ber, Goth. air. Early, Erst, Or,
adv.]
1. Before; sooner than. [Archaic or
Poetic]
Myself was stirring ere the break of day.
Shak.
Ere sails were spread new oceans to explore.
Dryden.
Sir, come down ere my child die.
John iv. 49.
2. Rather than.
I will be thrown into Etna, . . . ere I will leave
her.
Shak.
Ere long, before, shortly. Shak.
-- Ere now, formerly, heretofore.
Shak. -- Ere that, Or
are. Same as Ere.
Shak.
Ere (?), v. t. To plow.
[Obs.] See Ear, v. t.
Chaucer.
Er"e*bus (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.
/.]
1. (Greek Myth.) A place of nether
darkness, being the gloomy space through which the souls passed
to Hades. See Milton's \'bdParadise Lost,\'b8 Book
II., line 883.
2. (Greek Myth.) The son of Chaos and
brother of Nox, who dwelt in Erebus.
To the infernal deep, with Erebus and tortures
vile.
Shak.
E*rect" (?), a. [L.
erectus, p. p. of erigere to erect;
e out + regere to lead straight. See
Right, and cf. Alert.]
1. Upright, or having a vertical position; not
inverted; not leaning or bent; not prone; as, to stand
erect.
Two of far nobler shape, erect and tall.
Milton.
Among the Greek colonies and churches of Asia, Philadelphia is
still erect -- a column of ruins.
Gibbon.
2. Directed upward; raised; uplifted.
His piercing eyes, erect, appear to view
Superior worlds, and look all nature through.
Pope.
3. Bold; confident; free from depression;
undismayed.
But who is he, by years
Bowed, but erect in heart?
Keble.
4. Watchful; alert.
Vigilant and erect attention of mind.
Hooker.
5. (Bot.) Standing upright, with
reference to the earth's surface, or to the surface to which it
is attached.
6. (Her.) Elevated, as the tips of
wings, heads of serpents, etc.
E*rect", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Erected; p. pr. & vb. n.
Erecting.]
1. To raise and place in an upright or
perpendicular position; to set upright; to raise; as, to
erect a pole, a flagstaff, a monument, etc.
2. To raise, as a building; to build; to construct;
as, to erect a house or a fort; to set up; to
put together the component parts of, as of a machine.
3. To lift up; to elevate; to exalt; to
magnify.
That didst his state above his hopes erect.
Daniel.
I, who am a party, am not to erect myself into a
judge.
Dryden.
4. To animate; to encourage; to cheer.
It raiseth the dropping spirit, erecting it to a
loving complaisance.
Barrow.
5. To set up as an assertion or consequence from
premises, or the like. \'bdTo erect
conclusions.\'b8 Sir T. Browne. \'bdMalebranche
erects this proposition.\'b8
Locke.
6. To set up or establish; to found; to form; to
institute. \'bdTo erect a new commonwealth.\'b8
Hooker.
Erecting shop (Mach.), a place
where large machines, as engines, are put together and
adjusted.
Syn. -- To set up; raise; elevate; construct; build;
institute; establish; found.
E*rect", v. i. To rise upright.
[Obs.]
By wet, stalks do erect.
Bacon.
E*rect"a*ble (?) a. Capable of
being erected; as, an erectable feather.
Col. G. Montagu.
E*rect"er (?), n. An erector;
one who raises or builds.
E*rect"ile (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82rectile.] Capable of being erected;
susceptible of being erected of dilated.
Erectile tissue (Anat.), a tissue
which is capable of being greatly dilated and made rigid by the
distension of the numerous blood vessels which it
contains.
E`rec*til"i*ty (?), n. The
quality or state of being erectile.
E*rec"tion (?), n. [L.
erectio: cf. F. \'82rection.]
1. The act of erecting, or raising upright; the act
of constructing, as a building or a wall, or of fitting together
the parts of, as a machine; the act of founding or establishing,
as a commonwealth or an office; also, the act of rousing to
excitement or courage.
2. The state of being erected, lifted up, built,
established, or founded; exaltation of feelings or
purposes.
Her peerless height my mind to high erection draws
up.
Sidney
3. State of being stretched to stiffness;
tension.
4. Anything erected; a building of any kind.
5. (Physiol.) The state of a part which,
from having been soft, has become hard and swollen by the
accumulation of blood in the erectile tissue.
<-- p. 50- -->
E*rect"ive (?), a. Making erect
or upright; raising; tending to erect.
E*rect"ly, adv. In an erect manner or
posture.
E*rect"ness, n. Uprightness of posture
or form.
E*rec"to-pat"ent (?), a.
1. (Bot.) Having a position intermediate
between erect and patent, or spreading.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Standing partially spread
and erect; -- said of the wings of certain insects.
E*rec"tor (?), n.
1. One who, or that which, erects.
2. (Anat.) A muscle which raises any
part.
3. (Physics) An attachment to a
microscope, telescope, or other optical instrument, for making
the image erect instead of inverted.
Ere`long" (?; 115), adv. Before
the /apse of a long time; soon; -- usually separated, ere
long.
A man, . . . following the stag, erelong slew
him.
Spenser.
The world, erelong, a world of tears must weep.
Milton.
\'d8Er`e*ma*cau"sis (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / quietly + / burning, fr. / to
burn.] A gradual oxidation from exposure to air and
moisture, as in the decay of old trees or of dead animals.
Er"e*mit*age (?), n. See
Hermitage.
Er"e*mite (?), n. [See
Hermit.] A hermit.
Thou art my heaven, and I thy eremite.
Keats.
{ Er`e*mit"ic (?), Er`e*mit"ic*al
(?), } a. Of or pertaining to an
eremite; hermitical; living in solitude. \'bdAn
eremitical life in the woods.\'b8 Fuller.
\'bdThe eremitic instinct.\'b8
Lowell.
Er"e*mi`tish (?), a.
Eremitic.
Bp. Hall.
Er"e*mit*ism (?), n. The state
of a hermit; a living in seclusion from social life.
E`re*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
erepere to creep out; e out +
repere to creep.] A creeping forth.
[Obs.]
E*rep"tion (?), n. [L.
ereptio, fr. eripere to snatch away;
e out + rapere to snatch.] A
snatching away. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
Er"e*thism (?), n. [Gr. /
irritation, fr. / to stir, rouse, fr. / to stir: cf. F.
\'82r\'82thisme.] (Med.) A
morbid degree of excitement or irritation in an organ.
Hoblyn.
Er`e*this"tic (?), a. [Gr. /
irritating.] Relating to erethism.
{ Ere`while" (?), Ere`whiles"
(?), } adv. Some time ago; a
little while before; heretofore. [Archaic]
I am as fair now as I was erewhile.
Shak.
\'d8Erf (?), n.; pl.
Erven (#). [D.] A
garden plot, usually about half an acre. [Cape
Colony]
Erg (?), n. [Gr. /
work.] (Physics) The unit of work or energy
in the C. G. S. system, being the amount of work done by a dyne
working through a distance of one centimeter; the amount of
energy expended in moving a body one centimeter against a force
of one dyne. One foot pound is equal to 13,560,000 ergs.
Er"gat (?), v. t. [L.
ergo therefore.] To deduce logically, as
conclusions. [Obs.]
Hewyt.
\'d8Er"go (?), conj.
[L.] Therefore; consequently; -- often used in a
jocular way.
Shak.
Er"got (?), n. [F.
ergot, argot, lit., a spur.]
1. A diseased condition of rye and other cereals,
in which the grains become black, and often spur-shaped. It is
caused by a parasitic fungus, Claviceps
purpurea.
2. The mycelium or spawn of this fungus infecting
grains of rye and wheat. It is a powerful remedial agent, and
also a dangerous poison, and is used as a means of hastening
childbirth, and to arrest bleeding.
3. (Far.) A stub, like soft horn, about
the size of a chestnut, situated behind and below the pastern
joint.
4. (Anat.) See 2d Calcar, 3
(b).
Er*got"ic (?), a. Pertaining
to, or derived from, ergot; as, ergotic
acid.
Er"go*tin (?), n. (Med.)
An extract made from ergot.
Er"go*tine (?). (Chem.) A
powerful astringent alkaloid extracted from ergot as a brown,
amorphous, bitter substance. It is used to produce contraction of
the uterus.
Er"go*tism (?), n. [F.
ergotisme, fr. L. ergo.] A
logical deduction. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Er"got*ism (?), n. [From
Ergot, n.; cf. F.
ergotisme.] (Med.) A diseased
condition produced by eating rye affected with the ergot
fungus.
Er"got*ized (?), a. Affected
with the ergot fungus; as, ergotized rye.
{ Er"i*ach (?), Er"ic
(?), } n. [Ir.
eiric.] (Old Irish Law) A
recompense formerly given by a murderer to the relatives of the
murdered person.
E*ri"ca (?), n. [NL., fr. L.
erice heath, Gr. /.] (Bot.) A
genus of shrubby plants, including the heaths, many of them
producing beautiful flowers.
Er`i*ca"ceous (?), a.
(Bot.) Belonging to the Heath family, or
resembling plants of that family; consisting of heats.
E*ric"i*nol (?), n. [NL.
ericaceae the Heath family + L. oleum
oil.] (Chem.) A colorless oil (quickly
becoming brown), with a pleasant odor, obtained by the
decomposition of ericolin.
E*ri"ci*us (?), n. [L., a
hedgehog.] The Vulgate rendering of the Hebrew word
qip, which in the \'bdAuthorized Version\'b8 is
translated bittern, and in the Revised Version,
porcupine.
I will make it [Babylon] a possession for the
ericius and pools of waters.
Is. xiv. 23 (Douay version).
E*ric"o*lin (?), n.
(Chem.) A glucoside found in the bearberry (and
others of the Ericace\'91), and extracted as a bitter,
yellow, amorphous mass.
E*rid"a*nus (?), n. [L., fr.
Gr. /, the Greek name of the River Po.]
(Anat.) A long, winding constellation extending
southward from Taurus and containing the bright star
Achernar.
Er"i*gi*ble (?), a. [See
Erect.] Capable of being erected.
[Obs.]
E"rin (?), n. [Ir. Cf.
Aryan.] An early, and now a poetic, name of
Ireland.
Er`i*na"ceous (?), a. [L.
erinaceus hedgehog.] (Zo\'94l.)
Of the Hedgehog family; like, or characteristic of, a
hedgehog.
E*rin"go (?), n. The sea holly.
See Eryngo.
Er"i*nite (?), n. (Min.)
A hydrous arseniate of copper, of an emerald-green color; --
so called from Erin, or Ireland, where it
occurs.
E*rin"ys (?), n.; pl.
Erinyes (#). [L., fr. Gr.
/.] (Class. Myth.) An avenging deity; one
of the Furies; sometimes, conscience personified.
[Written also Erinnys.]
E`ri*om"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. /
wool + -meter.] (Opt.) An
instrument for measuring the diameters of minute particles or
fibers, from the size of the colored rings produced by the
diffraction of the light in which the objects are viewed.
\'d8E*ris"ta*lis (?), n.
[NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of dipterous
insects whose young (called rat-tailed larv\'91) are
remarkable for their long tapering tail, which spiracles at the
tip, and for their ability to live in very impure and salt
waters; -- also called drone fly.
{ E*ris"tic (?), E*ris"tic*al
(?), } a. [Gr. /, fr. / to
strive, wrangle, / strife.] Controversial.
[Archaic]
A specimen of admirable special pleading in the court of
eristic logic.
Coleridge.
Erke (?), a. [Cf.
Irk.] ASlothful. [Obs.]
Rom. of R.
Erl"king` (?), n. [G.
erlk\'94nig, fr. Dan. ellekonge
elfking.] A personification, in German and
Scandinavian mythology, of a spirit natural power supposed to
work mischief and ruin, esp. to children.
Erme (?), v. i. [OE.
ermen, AS. yrman. Cf.
Yearn.] To grieve; to feel sad.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
{ Er"me*lin (?), Er"mi*lin
(?) }, n. (Zo\'94l.)
See Ermine.
Shenstone.
Er"min (?), n. [OF.
Ermin, L. Armenius.] An
Armenian. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Er"mine (?), n. [OF.
ermine, F. hermine, prob. of German origin;
cf. OHG. harmo, G. hermelin, akin to Lith.
szarm/, szarmonys, weasel, cf. AS.
hearma; but cf. also LL. armelinus,
armellina, hermellina, and pellis
Armenia, the fur of the Armenian rat, mus
Armenius, the animal being found also in
Armenia.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A valuable fur-bearing
animal of the genus Mustela (M. erminea), allied to
the weasel; the stoat. It is found in the northern parts of Asia,
Europe, and America. In summer it is brown, but in winter it
becomes white, except the tip of the tail, which is always
black.
2. The fur of the ermine, as prepared for
ornamenting garments of royalty, etc., by having the tips of the
tails, which are black, arranged at regular intervals throughout
the white.
3. By metonymy, the office or functions of a judge,
whose state robe, lined with ermine, is emblematical of purity
and honor without stain.
Chatham.
4. (Her.) One of the furs. See
Fur (Her.)
Ermine is represented by an argent field,
tufted with black. Ermines is the reverse of ermine,
being black, spotted or timbered with argent. Erminois
is the same as ermine, except that or is substituted
for argent.
Ermine moth (Zo\'94l.), a white
moth with black spots (esp. Yponomeuta padella of
Europe); -- so called on account of the resemblance of its
covering to the fur of the ermine; also applied to certain white
bombycid moths of America.
Er"mine, v. t. To clothe with, or as
with, ermine.
The snows that have ermined it in the winter.
Lowell.
Er"mined (?), a. Clothed or
adorned with the fur of the ermine.
Pope.
Er"mines (?), n.,
Er"min*ois (/), n.
(Her.) See Note under Ermine,
n., 4.
Er"mit (?), n. [See
Hermit.] A hermit. [Obs.]
{ Ern, Erne } (?),
n. [AS. earn eagle; akin to D.
arend, OHG. aro, G. aar, Icel.,
Sw., & Dan. \'94rn, Goth. ara, and to Gr.
/ bird. ///. Cf. Ornithology.]
(Zo\'94l.) A sea eagle, esp. the European
white-tailed sea eagle (Hali\'91etus albicilla).
Ern (?), v. i. [Cf.
Erme.] To stir with strong emotion; to
grieve; to mourn. [Corrupted into yearn in
modern editions of Shakespeare.] [Obs.]
Er"nest (?), n. See
Earnest. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Er"nest*ful (?), a. [See
Earnest, a.] Serious.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
E*rode" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Eroded; p. pr.
& vb. n. Eroding.] [L.
erodere, erosum; e out +
rodere to gnaw. See Rodent.] To
eat into or away; to corrode; as, canker erodes the
flesh. \'bdThe blood . . . erodes the
vessels.\'b8
Wiseman.
The smaller charge is more apt to . . . erode the
gun.
Am. Cyc.
E*rod"ed, p. p. & a.
1. Eaten away; gnawed; irregular, as if eaten or
worn away.
2. (Bot.) Having the edge worn away so
as to be jagged or irregularly toothed.
E*rod"ent (?), n. [L.
erodens, -entis, p. pr. of
erodere. See Erode.] (Med.)
A medicine which eats away extraneous growths; a
caustic.
Er"o*gate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Erogated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Erogating
(?).] [L. erogatus, p. p. of
erogare; e out + rogare to
ask.] To lay out, as money; to deal out; to
expend. [Obs.]
Er`o*ga"tion (?), n. [L.
erogatio.] The act of giving out or
bestowing. [Obs.]
Sir T. Elyot.
\'d8E"ros (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.
/ love, / (personified) Eros, fr. / to love.]
(Greek Myth.) Love; the god of love; -- by
earlier writers represented as one of the first and creative
gods, by later writers as the son of Aphrodite, equivalent to the
Latin god Cupid.
E*rose" (?), a. [L.
erosus, p. p. See Erode.]
1. Irregular or uneven as if eaten or worn
away.
2. (Bot.) Jagged or irregularly toothed,
as if nibbled out or gnawed. --
E*rose"ly, adv.
E*ro"sion (?), n. [L.
erosio. See Erode.]
1. The act or operation of eroding or eating
away.
2. The state of being eaten away; corrosion;
canker.
E*ro"sive (?), a. That erodes
or gradually eats away; tending to erode; corrosive.
Humble.
E*ros"trate (?), a. [Pref.
e- out + rostrate.] (Bot.)
Without a beak.
Er"o*teme (?), n. [Gr. /
question.] A mark indicating a question; a note of
interrogation.
\'d8Er`o*te"sis (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / a questioning, fr. / to ask.]
(Rhet.) A figure o/ speech by which a strong
affirmation of the contrary, is implied under the form o/ an
earnest interrogation, as in the following lines; -
Must I give way and room to your rash choler?
Shall I be frighted when a madman stares?
Shak.
{ E*rot"ic (?), E*rot"ic*al
(?), } a. [Gr. /: cf. F.
\'82rotique. See Eros.] Of or
pertaining to the passion of love; treating of love;
amatory.
E*rot"ic, n. An amorous composition or
poem.
E*rot"i*cism (?), n. Erotic
quality.
Er`pe*tol"o*gist (?), n.
Herpetologist.
Er`pe*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Cf. F.
erp\'82tologie.] (Zo\'94l.)
Herpetology.
Err (?), v. i. [imp.
& p. p. Erred (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Erring (?; 277, 85).]
[F. errer, L. errare; akin to G.
irren, OHG. irran, v. t.,
irr/n, v. i., OS. irrien, Sw.
irra, Dan. irre, Goth,
a\'a1rzjan to lead astray, airzise
astray.]
1. To wander; to roam; to stray.
[Archaic] \'bdWhy wilt thou err from
me?\'b8
Keble.
What seemeth to you, if there were to a man an hundred sheep
and one of them hath erred.
Wyclif (Matt. xviii. 12).
2. To deviate from the true course; to miss the
thing aimed at. \'bdMy jealous aim might
err.\'b8
Shak.
3. To miss intellectual truth; to fall into error;
to mistake in judgment or opinion; to be mistaken.
The man may err in his judgment of
circumstances.
Tillotson.
4. To deviate morally from the right way; to go
astray, in a figurative sense; to do wrong; to sin.
Do they not err that devise evil?
Prov. xiv. 22.
5. To offend, as by erring.
Er"ra*ble (?), a. Liable to
error; fallible.
Er"ra*ble*ness, n. Liability to
error.
Dr. H. More.
Er"ra*bund (?), a. [L.
errabundus.] Erratic.
\'bdErrabund guesses.\'b8
Southey.
Er"ran*cy (?), n. [L.
errantia.] A wandering; state of being in
error.
Er"rand (?), n. [OE.
erende, erande, message, business, AS.
\'91rende, \'91rend; akin to OS.
arundi, OHG. arunti, Icel.
eyrendi, \'94rendi, erendi, Sw.
\'84rende, Dan. \'91rende; perh. akin to
AS. earu swift, Icel. \'94rr, and to L.
oriri to rise, E. orient.] A
special business intrusted to a messenger; something to be told
or done by one sent somewhere for the purpose; often, a verbal
message; a commission; as, the servant was sent on an
errand; to do an errand. Also, one's
purpose in going anywhere.
I have a secret errand to thee, O king.
Judg. iii. 19.
I will not eat till I have told mine errand.
Gen. xxiv. 33.
<-- 2. Any specific task, usually of a routine nature, requiring
some form of travel, usually locally. An errand is often on
behalf of someone else, but sometimes for one's own purposes.
To run an errand. To perform an errand[2].
3. A mission. -->
Er"rant (?), a. [F.
errant, p. pr. fr. OF. errer to travel, LL.
iterare, fr. L. iter journey; confused
somewhat with L. errare to err. See Eyre, and
cf. Arrant, Itinerant.]
1. Wandering; deviating from an appointed course,
or from a direct path; roving.
Seven planets or errant stars in the lower orbs of
heaven.
Sir T. Browne.
2. Notorious; notoriously bad; downright;
arrant.
Would make me an errant fool.
B. Jonson.
3. (Eng. Law) Journeying; itinerant; --
formerly applied to judges who went on circuit and to bailiffs at
large.
Mozley & W.
Er"rant, n. One who wanders about.
[Obs.]
Fuller.
\'d8Er*ran"ti*a (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. L. errare to wander. See
Err.] (Zo\'94l.) A group of
ch\'91topod annelids, including those that are not confined to
tubes. See Ch\'91topoda. [Written also
Errantes.]
Er"rant*ry (?), n.
1. A wandering; a roving; esp., a roving in quest
of adventures.
Addison.
2. The employment of a knight-errant.
Johnson.
\'d8Er*ra"ta (?), n. pl.
[L.] See Erratum.
Er*rat"ic (?), a. [L.
erraticus, fr. errare to wander: cf. F.
erratique. See Err.]
1. Having no certain course; roving about without a
fixed destination; wandering; moving; -- hence, applied to the
planets as distinguished from the fixed stars.
The earth and each erratic world.
Blackmore.
2. Deviating from a wise of the common course in
opinion or conduct; eccentric; strange; queer; as,
erratic conduct.
3. Irregular; changeable.
\'bdErratic fever.\'b8
Harvey.
Erratic blocks, gravel,
etc. (Geol.), masses of stone which
have been transported from their original resting places by the
agency of water, ice, or other causes. -- Erratic
phenomena, the phenomena which relate to transported
materials on the earth's surface.
Er*rat"ic, n.
1. One who deviates from common and accepted
opinions; one who is eccentric or preserve in his intellectual
character.
<-- p. 508 -->
2. A rogue. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
3. (Geol.) Any stone or material that
has been borne away from its original site by natural agencies;
esp., a large block or fragment of rock; a bowlder.
drift.
Er*rat"ic*al (?), a.
Erratic. -- Er*rat"ic*al*ly,
adv. -- Er*rat"ic*al*ness,
n.
Er*ra"tion (?), n. [L.
erratio. See Err.] A wandering; a
roving about. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
\'d8Er*ra"tum (?), n.; pl.
Errata (#). [L., fr.
errare, erratum, to wander, err. See
Err.] An error or mistake in writing or
printing.
A single erratum may knock out the brains of a
whole passage.
Cowper.
Er"thine (?), n. [Gr. /; /
in + /, /, nose: cf. F. errhin.]
(Med.) A medicine designed to be snuffed up the
nose, to promote discharges of mucus; a sternutatory.
Coxe. -- a. Causing or increasing
secretion of nasal mucus.
Er*ro"ne*ous (?), a. [L.
erroneus, fr. errare to err. See
Err.]
1. Wandering; straying; deviating from the right
course; -- hence, irregular; unnatural. [Obs.]
\'bdErroneous circulation.\'b8
Arbuthnot.
Stopped much of the erroneous light, which
otherwise would have disturbed the vision.
Sir I. Newman.
2. Misleading; misled; mistaking.
[Obs.]
An erroneous conscience commands us to do what we
ought to omit.
Jer. Taylor.
3. Containing error; not conformed to truth or
justice; incorrect; false; mistaken; as, an
erroneous doctrine; erroneous opinion,
observation, deduction, view, etc. --
Er*ro"ne*ous*ly, adv. --
Er*ro"ne*ous*ness, n.
Er"ror (?), n. [OF.
error, errur, F. erreur, L.
error, fr. errare to err. See
Err.]
1. A wandering; a roving or irregular course.
[Obs.]
The rest of his journey, his error by sea.
B. Jonson.
2. A wandering or deviation from the right course
or standard; irregularity; mistake; inaccuracy; something made
wrong or left wrong; as, an error in writing or in
printing; a clerical error.
3. A departing or deviation from the truth;
falsity; false notion; wrong opinion; mistake;
misapprehension.
H/ judgment was often in error, though his candor
remained unimpaired.
Bancroft.
4. A moral offense; violation of duty; a sin or
transgression; iniquity; fault.
Ps. xix. 12.
5. (Math.) The difference between the
approximate result and the true result; -- used particularly in
the rule of double position.
6. (Mensuration) (a) The
difference between an observed value and the true value of a
quantity. (b) The difference between the
observed value of a quantity and that which is taken or computed
to be the true value; -- sometimes called residual
error.
7. (Law.) A mistake in the proceedings
of a court of record in matters of law or of fact.
8. (Baseball) A fault of a player of the
side in the field which results in failure to put out a player on
the other side, or gives him an unearned base.
Law of error, Law of frequency of
error (Mensuration), the law which
expresses the relation between the magnitude of an error and the
frequency with which that error will be committed in making a
large number of careful measurements of a quantity. --
Probable error. (Mensuration) See under
Probable. -- Writ of error
(Law), an original writ, which lies after judgment
in an action at law, in a court of record, to correct some
alleged error in the proceedings, or in the judgment of the
court.
Bouvier. Burrill.
Syn. -- Mistake; fault; blunder; failure; fallacy; delusion;
hallucination; sin. See Blunder.
Er"ror*ful (?), a. Full of
error; wrong.
Foxe.
Er"ror*ist, n. One who encourages and
propagates error; one who holds to error.
Ers (?), n. [F., fr. L.
ervum a kind of pulse, bitter vetch.]
(Bot.) The bitter vetch (Ervum
Ervilia).
Erse (?), n. [A modification of
Irish, OE. Irishe.] A name
sometimes given to that dialect of the Celtic which is spoken in
the Highlands of Scotland; -- called, by the Highlanders,
Gaelic.
Erse, a. Of or pertaining to the Celtic
race in the Highlands of Scotland, or to their language.
Ersh (?), n. See
Arrish.
Erst (?), adv. [Orig.
superlative of ere; AS. /rest. See
Ere.] [Archaic]
1. First.
Chaucer.
2. Previously; before; formerly; heretofore.
Chaucer.
Tityrus, with whose style he had erst disclaimed
all ambition to match his pastoral pipe.
A. W. Ward.
At erst, at first; at the beginning. --
Now at erst, at this present time.
Chaucer.
Erst`while" (?), adv. Till then
or now; heretofore; formerly. [Archaic]
{ Er`u*bes"cence (?; 135),
Er`u*bes"cen*cy (?), } n.
[L. erubescentia: cf. F.
\'82rubescence.] The act of becoming red;
redness of the skin or surface of anything; a blushing.
Er`u*bes"cent (?), a. [L.
erubescens, p. pr. erubescere to grow red;
e out + rubescere. See
Rubescent.] Red, or reddish; blushing.
Johnson.
Er`u*bes"cite (?), n.
(Min.) See Bornite.
\'d8E*ru"ca (?), n.; pl.
Eruc\'91 (#). [L., a caterpillar,
also, a sort of colewort.] (Zo\'94l.) An
insect in the larval state; a caterpillar; a larva.
E*ru"cic (?), a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or derived from, a genus of cruciferous
Mediterranean herbs (Eruca or Brassica);
as, erucic acid, a fatty acid resembling oleic acid,
and found in colza oil, mustard oil, etc.
E*ru"ci*from (?), a.
[Eruca + -form.]
(Zo\'94l.) Having the form of a caterpillar; --
said of insect larv\'91.
{ E*ruct" (?), E*ruc"tate
(?) }, v. t. [L.
eructare; e out + ructare to
belch: cf. F. \'82ructer.] To eject, as
wind, from the stomach; to belch. [R.]
Howell.
Er`uc*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
eructatio: cf. F. \'82ructation.]
1. The act of belching wind from the stomach; a
belch.
2. A violent belching out or emitting, as of
gaseous or other matter from the crater of a volcano, geyser,
etc.
E*ru"di*ate (?), v. t. [L.
erudire.] To instruct; to educate; to
teach. [Obs.]
The skillful goddess there erudiates these
In all she did.
Fanshawe.
Er"u*dite (?; 135), a. [L.
eruditus, p. p. of erudire to free from
rudeness, to polish, instruct; e out +
rudis rude: cf. F. \'82rudit. See
Rude.] Characterized by extensive reading or
knowledge; well instructed; learned. \'bdA most
erudite prince.\'b8 Sir T. More.
\'bdErudite . . . theology.\'b8 I. Taylor. --
Er"u*dite`ly, adv. --
Er"u*dite`ness, n.
Er`u*di"tion (?), n. [L.
eruditio: cf. F. \'82rudition.]
The act of instructing; the result of thorough instruction;
the state of being erudite or learned; the acquisitions gained by
extensive reading or study; particularly, learning in literature
or criticism, as distinct from the sciences; scholarship.
The management of a young lady's person is not be overlooked,
but the erudition of her mind is much more to be
regarded.
Steele.
The gay young gentleman whose erudition sat so
easily upon him.
Macaulay.
Syn. -- Literature; learning. See Literature.
Er"u*gate (?), a. [L.
erugatus, p. p. of erugare to smooth;
e out + ruga wrinkle.] Freed
from wrinkles; smooth.
E*ru"gi*nous (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82rugineux. See \'92ruginous.]
Partaking of the substance or nature of copper, or of the
rust copper; resembling the trust of copper or verdigris;
\'91ruginous.
E*rum"pent (?), a. [L.
erumpens, -entis, p. pr. of
erumpere.] (Bot.) Breaking out;
-- said of certain fungi which burst through the texture of
leaves.
E*rupt" (?), v. t. [See
Eruption.] To cause to burst forth; to eject;
as, to erupt lava.
Huxley.
E*rup"tion (?), n. [L.
eruptio, fr. erumpere, eruptum,
to break out; e out + rumpere, to break:
cf. F. \'82ruption. See Rupture.]
1. The act of breaking out or bursting forth; as:
(a) A violent throwing out of flames, lava, etc., as
from a volcano of a fissure in the earth's crust. (b) A
sudden and overwhelming hostile movement of armed men from one
country to another. Milton. (c) A violent
commotion.
All Paris was quiet . . . to gather fresh strength for the
next day's eruption.
W. Irving.
2. That which bursts forth.
3. A violent exclamation; ejaculation.
He would . . . break out into bitter and passionate
eruditions.
Sir H. Wotton.
4. (Med.) The breaking out of pimples,
or an efflorescence, as in measles, scarlatina, etc.
E*rup"tion*al (?), a.
Eruptive. [R.]
R. A. Proctor.
E*rup"tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82ruptif.]
1. Breaking out or bursting forth.
The sudden glance
Appears far south eruptive through the cloud.
Thomson.
2. (Med.) Attended with eruption or
efflorescence, or producing it; as, an eruptive
fever.
3. (Geol.) Produced by eruption; as,
eruptive rocks, such as the igneous or
volcanic.
E*rup"tive, n. (Geol.) An
eruptive rock.
\'d8E*ryng"gi*um (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. /, dim. of / eryngo; cf. L. eryngion,
erynge.] (Bot.) A genus of
umbelliferous plants somewhat like thistles in appearance.
Eryngium maritimum, or sea holly, has been highly
esteemed as an aphrodisiac, the roots being formerly
candied.
E*ryn"go (?), n. (Bot.)
A plant of the genus Eryngium.
Er`y*sip"e*las (?), n. [L., fr.
Gr. /; / red + / hide, skin. See Red, and
Pell, n.] (Med.) St.
Anthony's fire; a febrile disease accompanied with a diffused
inflammation of the skin, which, starting usually from a single
point, spreads gradually over its surface. It is usually regarded
as contagious, and often occurs epidemically.
Er`y*si*pel"a*toid (?), a. [Gr.
/ erysipelas + -oid.] Resembling
erysipelas.
Er`y*si*pel"a*tous (?), a. [Cf.
F. \'82rysip\'82lateux.] Resembling
erysipelas, or partaking of its nature.
Er`y*sip"e*lous (?), a.
Erysipelatous.
\'d8Er`y*the"ma (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. /, fr. / to redden, fr. / red.]
(Med.) A disease of the skin, in which a diffused
inflammation forms rose-colored patches of variable size.
Er`y*the*mat"ic (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82ryth\'82matique.] (Med.)
Characterized by, or causing, a morbid redness of the skin;
relating to erythema.
Er`y*them"a*tous (?), a.
(Med.) Relating to, or causing, erythema.
{ Er`y*thre"an, Er`y*thr\'91"an
(?) }, a. [L.
erythraeus; Gr. /, fr. / red.] Red in
color. \'bdThe erythrean main.\'b8
Milton.
E*ryth"ric (?), a.
(Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or
resembling, erythrin.
{ E*ryth"rin, E*ryth"rine (?)
}, n. [Gr. / red.]
1. (Chem.) A colorless crystalline
substance, C20H22O10, extracted from certain
lichens, as the various species of Rocella. It is a
derivative of orsellinic acid. So called because of certain red
compounds derived from it. Called also erythric
acid.
2. (Min.) See Erythrite,
2.
\'d8Er`y*thri"na (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / red.] (Bot.) A genus of
leguminous plants growing in the tropics; coral tree; -- so
called from its red flowers.
E*ryth"rism (?), n. [Gr. /
red: cf. F. \'82rythrisme.]
(Zo\'94l.) A condition of excessive redness. See
Erythrochroism.
E*ryth"rite (?), n. [Gr. /
red.]
1. (Chem.) A colorless crystalline
substance, C4H6.(OH)4, of a sweet, cooling
taste, extracted from certain lichens, and obtained by the
decomposition of erythrin; -- called also
erythrol, erythroglucin,
erythromannite, pseudorcin,
cobalt bloom, and under the name
phycite obtained from the alga
Protococcus vulgaris. It is a tetrabasic alcohol,
corresponding to glycol and glycerin.
<-- now usu. called erythritol, HO.CH2.CHOH.CHOH.CH2.OH
Has coronary vasodilator activity. -->
2. (Min.) A rose-red mineral,
crystallized and earthy, a hydrous arseniate of cobalt, known
also as cobalt bloom; -- called also
erythrin or
erythrine.
E*ryth`ro*chro"ic (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Having, or subject to,
erythrochroism.
E*ryth"ro*chro*ism (?), n. [Gr.
/ red + / color.] (Zo\'94l.) An unusual
redness, esp. in the plumage of birds, or hair of mammals,
independently of age, sex, or season.
E*ryth`ro*dex"trin (?), n. [Gr.
/ red + E. dextrin.] (Physiol.
Chem.) A dextrin which gives a red color with iodine.
See Dextrin.
E*ryth"ro*gen (?), n. [Gr. /
red + -gen.] (Chem.) (a)
Carbon disulphide; -- so called from certain red compounds
which it produces in combination with other substances.
(b) A substance reddened by acids, which is
supposed to be contained in flowers. (c) A
crystalline substance obtained from diseased bile, which becomes
blood-red when acted on by nitric acid or ammonia.
E*ryth`ro*gran"u*lose (?), n.
[Gr. / red + E. granulose.]
(Physiol. Chem.) A term applied by Br\'81cke to a
substance present in small amount in starch granules, colored red
by iodine.
Er"y*throid (?), a. [Gr. /
red + -oid: cf. Gr. /.] Of a red color;
reddish; as, the erythroid tunic (the cremaster
muscle).
Er`y*thro"le*ic (?), a. [Gr.
/ red + L. oleum oil.] (Chem.)
Having a red color and oily appearance; -- applied to a
purple semifluid substance said to be obtained from archil.
Er`y*thro"le*in (?), n. [See
Erythroleic.] (Chem.) A red
substance obtained from litmus.
E*ryth`ro*lit"min (?), n. [Gr.
/ red + E. litmus.] (Chem.)
Erythrolein.
\'d8Er`y*thro"ni*um (?), n.
[NL., from Gr. / a kind of plant, fr. / red.]
(Chem.) A name originally given (from its
red acid) to the metal vanadium.
[R.]
E*ryth`ro*phle"ine (?; 104), n.
(Chem.) A white crystalline alkaloid, extracted
from sassy bark (Erythrophleum Guineense).
{ E*ryth"ro*phyll (?),
Er`y*throph"yl*lin (?) }, n.
[Gr. / red + / leaf.] (Physiol. Bot.)
The red coloring matter of leaves, fruits, flowers, etc., in
distinction from chlorophyll.
E*ryth"ro*sin (?), n. [Gr. /
red.] (Chem.) (a) A red substance
formed by the oxidation of tyrosin. (b) A red
dyestuff obtained from fluoresce\'8bn by the action of
iodine.
\'d8Er`y*throx"y*lon (?), n.
[NL., from Gr. / red + / wood. So named from the red
wood of some species.] (Bot.) A genus of
shrubs or small trees of the Flax family, growing in tropical
countries. E. Coca is the source of cocaine. See
Coca.
E*ryth"ro*zyme (?), n. [Gr. /
red + / leaven.] (Physiol. Chem.) A
ferment extracted from madder root, possessing the power of
inducing alcoholic fermentation in solutions of sugar.
Es`ca*lade" (?), n. [F., Sp.
escalada (cf. It. scalata), fr. Sp.
escalar to scale, LL. scalare, fr. L.
scala ladder. See Scale, v.
t.] (Mil.) A furious attack made by
troops on a fortified place, in which ladders are used to pass a
ditch or mount a rampart.
Sin enters, not by escalade, but by cunning or
treachery.
Buckminster.
Es`ca*lade", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Escaladed; p. pr. & vb. n.
Escalading.] (Mil.) To mount
and pass or enter by means of ladders; to scale; as, to
escalate a wall.
Es*cal"lop (?), n. See
Escalop.
Es*cal"loped (?), a. See
Escaloped.
Es*cal"op (?; 277), n. [OF.
escalope shell, F. escalope a sort of cut
of meat. See Scallop.]
1. (Zo\'94l.) A bivalve shell of the
genus Pecten. See Scallop.
2. A regular, curving indenture in the margin of
anything. See Scallop. \'bdSo many jags or
escalops.\'b8
Ray.
3. (a) The figure or shell of an escalop,
considered as a sign that the bearer had been on a pilgrimage to
the Holy Land. Hence: (b) (Her.) A
bearing or a charge consisting of an escalop shell.
Es*cal"oped (?), a.
1. Cut or marked in the form of an escalop;
scalloped.
2. (Her.) Covered with a pattern
resembling a series of escalop shells, each of which issues from
between two others. Its appearance is that of a surface covered
with scales.
Escaloped oysters (Cookery). See
under Scalloped.
Es*cam"bi*o (?), n. [LL.
escambium, excambium. See
Excamb.] (Eng. Law) A license
formerly required for the making over a bill of exchange to
another over sea.
Cowell.
Es*cap"a*ble (?), a.
Avoidable.
Es`ca*pade" (?), n. [F., fr.
Sp. escapada escape, fr. escapar to escape;
or F., fr. It. scappata escape, escapade, fr.
scappare to escape. see Escape.]
1. The fling of a horse, or ordinary kicking back
of his heels; a gambol.
<-- p. 509 -->
2. Act by which one breaks loose from the rules of
propriety or good sense; a freak; a prank.
Carlyle.
Es*cape" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Escaped
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Escaping.] [OE. escapen,
eschapen, OF. escaper, eschaper,
F. echapper, fr. LL. ex cappa out of one's
cape or cloak; hence, to slip out of one's cape and escape. See
3d Cape, and cf. Scape, v.]
1. To flee from and avoid; to be saved or exempt
from; to shun; to obtain security from; as, to
escape danger. \'bdSailors that
escaped the wreck.\'b8
Shak.
2. To avoid the notice of; to pass unobserved by;
to evade; as, the fact escaped our
attention.
They escaped the search of the enemy.
Ludlow.
Es*cape", v. i.
1. To flee, and become secure from danger; -- often
followed by from or out of.
Haste, for thy life escape, nor look
behind//
Keble.
2. To get clear from danger or evil of any form; to
be passed without harm.
Such heretics . . . would have been thought fortunate, if they
escaped with life.
Macaulay.
3. To get free from that which confines or holds;
-- used of persons or things; as, to escape from
prison, from arrest, or from slavery; gas escapes from
the pipes; electricity escapes from its
conductors.
To escape out of these meshes.
Thackeray.
Es*cape", n.
1. The act of fleeing from danger, of evading harm,
or of avoiding notice; deliverance from injury or any evil;
flight; as, an escape in battle; a narrow
escape; also, the means of escape; as, a fire
escape.
I would hasten my escape from the windy storm.
Ps. lv. 8.
2. That which escapes attention or restraint; a
mistake; an oversight; also, transgression.
[Obs.]
I should have been more accurate, and corrected all those
former escapes.
Burton.
3. A sally. \'bdThousand escapes
of wit.\'b8
Shak.
4. (Law) The unlawful permission, by a
jailer or other custodian, of a prisoner's departure from
custody.
Escape is technically distinguishable
from prison breach, which is the unlawful departure of
the prisoner from custody, escape being the permission
of the departure by the custodian, either by connivance or
negligence. The term escape, however, is applied by
some of the old authorities to a departure from custody by
stratagem, or without force.
Wharton.
5. (Arch.) An apophyge.
6. Leakage or outflow, as of steam or a
liquid.
7. (Elec.) Leakage or loss of currents
from the conducting wires, caused by defective insulation.
Escape pipe (Steam Boilers), a pipe
for carrying away steam that escapes through a safety valve.
-- Escape valve (Steam Engine), a
relief valve; a safety valve. See under Relief, and
Safety. -- Escape wheel
(Horol.), the wheel of an escapement.
Es*cape"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82chappement. See Escape.]
1. The act of escaping; escape.
[R.]
2. Way of escape; vent. [R.]
An escapement for youthful high spirits.
G. Eliot.
3. The contrivance in a timepiece which connects
the train of wheel work with the pendulum or balance, giving to
the latter the impulse by which it is kept in vibration; -- so
called because it allows a tooth to escape from a
pallet at each vibration.
Escapements are of several kinds, as the
vertical, or verge, or crown,
escapement, formerly used in watches, in which two
pallets on the balance arbor engage with a crown wheel; the
anchor escapement, in which an anchor-shaped piece
carries the pallets; -- used in common clocks (both are called
recoil escapements, from the recoil of the escape
wheel at each vibration); the cylinder escapement,
having an open-sided hollow cylinder on the balance arbor to
control the escape wheel; the duplex escapement,
having two sets of teeth on the wheel; the lever
escapement, which is a kind of detached
escapement, because the pallets are on a lever so arranged
that the balance which vibrates it is detached during the greater
part of its vibration and thus swings more freely; the
detent escapement, used in chronometers; the
remontoir escapement, in which the escape wheel is
driven by an independent spring or weight wound up at intervals
by the clock train, -- sometimes used in astronomical clocks.
When the shape of an escape-wheel tooth is such that it falls
dead on the pallet without recoil, it forms a deadbeat
escapement.
Es*cap"er (?), n. One who
escapes.
Es*car"bun*cle (?), n. [OF.
escarbuncle, F. escaboucle.]
(Her.) See Carbuncle, 3.
Es*car`ga*toire" (?), n. [F.
escargoti\'8are, fr. escargot snail.]
A nursery of snails. [Obs.]
Addison.
Es*carp" (?), n. [F.
escarpe (cf. Sp. escarpa, It.
scarpa), fr. escarper to cut steep, cut to
a slope, prob. of German origin: cf. G. scharf sharp,,
E. sharp, or perh. scrape.]
(Fort.) The side of the ditch next the parapet;
-- same as scarp, and opposed to
counterscarp.
Es*carp", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Escarped (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Escarping.] (Mil.)
To make into, or furnish with, a steep slope, like that of a
scrap.
Carleton.
Es*carp"ment (?), n. [Cf. F.
escarpement.] A steep descent or declivity;
steep face or edge of a ridge; ground about a fortified place,
cut away nearly vertically to prevent hostile approach. See
Scarp.
-es"cent (?). [From the ending
-escens, -entis, of the p. pr. of
inchoative verbs in Latin.] A suffix signifying
beginning, beginning to be; as,
adolescent, effervescent, etc.
Esch`a*lot" (?), n.
(Bot.) See Shallot.
Es"char (?), n. [L.
eschara, Gr. /: cf. F. eschare. See
Scar.] (Med.) A dry slough, crust,
or scab, which separates from the healthy part of the body, as
that produced by a burn, or the application of caustics.
Es"char (?), n. [Ir.]
(Geol.) In Ireland, one of the continuous mounds
or ridges of gravelly and sandy drift which extend for many miles
over the surface of the country. Similar ridges in Scotland are
called kames or kams. [Written
also eskar and esker.]
\'d8Es"cha*ra (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. / a grate, a pan of coals.] (Zo\'94l.)
A genus of Bryozoa which produce delicate corals, often
incrusting like lichens, but sometimes branched.
Es"cha*rine (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Like, or pertaining to, the genus
Eschara, or family Escharid\'91.
Es`cha*rot"ic (?), a. [Gr. /,
fr. / an eschar: cf. F. escharotique.]
(Med.) Serving or tending to form an eschar;;
producing a scar; caustic.
Es`cha*rot"ic, n. (Med.) A
substance which produces an eschar; a caustic, esp., a mild
caustic.
Es`cha*to*log"ic*al (?), a.
Pertaining to the last or final things.
Es`cha*tol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr.
/ the furthest, last + -logy.] The
doctrine of the last or final things, as death, judgment, and the
events therewith connected.
Es*chaunge" (?), n.
Exchange. [Obs.]
Es*cheat" (?), n. [OE.
eschete, escheyte, an escheat, fr. OF.
escheit, escheoit, escheeite,
esheoite, fr. escheoir (F.
\'82choir) to fall to, fall to the lot of; pref.
es- (L. ex) + cheoir, F.
choir, to fall, fr. L. cadere. See
Chance, and cf. Cheat.]
1. (Law) (a) (Feud. & Eng.
Law) The falling back or reversion of lands, by some
casualty or accident, to the lord of the fee, in consequence of
the extinction of the blood of the tenant, which may happen by
his dying without heirs, and formerly might happen by corruption
of blood, that is, by reason of a felony or attainder.
Tomlins. Blackstone. (b) (U. S.
Law) The reverting of real property to the State, as
original and ultimate proprietor, by reason of a failure of
persons legally entitled to hold the same.
escheat to the lord of the fee and
forfeiture to the crown. But in this country, where
the State holds the place of chief lord of the fee, and is
entitled to take alike escheat and by forfeiture, this
distinction is not essential.
Tomlins. Kent.
(c) A writ, now abolished, to recover escheats from
the person in possession.
Blackstone.
2. Lands which fall to the lord or the State by
escheat.
3. That which falls to one; a reversion or
return
To make me great by others' loss is bad
escheat.
Spenser.
Es*cheat", v. i. [imp. & p.
p. Esheated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Escheating.] (Law) To
revert, or become forfeited, to the lord, the crown, or the
State, as lands by the failure of persons entitled to hold the
same, or by forfeiture.
Kent. Bouvier.
Es*cheat", v. t. (Law) To
forfeit.
Bp. Hall.
Es*cheat"a*ble (?), a. Liable
to escheat.
Es*cheat"age (?; 48), n. The
right of succeeding to an escheat.
Sherwood.
Es*cheat"or (?), n. (Law)
An officer whose duty it is to observe what escheats have
taken place, and to take charge of them.
Burrill.
Es"che*vin (?), n. [OF.
eschevin, a sort of magistrate, alderman, F.
\'82chevin.] The alderman or chief officer
of an ancient guild. [Obs.]
Es*chew" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Eshewed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Eshewing.] [OF. eschever,
eschiver, eskiver, F. esquiver,
fr. OHG. sciuhen, G. scheuen; akin to E.
sky. See Shy, a.]
1. To shun; to avoid, as something wrong, or from a
feeling of distaste; to keep one's self clear of.
They must not only eschew evil, but do good.
Bp. Beveridge.
2. To escape from; to avoid.
[Obs.]
He who obeys, destruction shall eschew.
Sandys.
Es*chew"er (?), n. One who
eschews.
Es*chew"ment (?), n. The act of
eschewing. [R.]
\'d8Esch*scholtz"i*a (?), n.
[NL. Named after Dr. Eschscholtz, a German
botanist.] (Bot.) A genus of papaveraceous
plants, found in California and upon the west coast of North
America, some species of which produce beautiful yellow, orange,
rose-colored, or white flowers; the California poppy.
Es"chy*nite (?), n. [Gr. /
shame.] (Min.) A rare mineral, containing
chiefly niobium, titanium, thorium, and cerium. It was so called
by Berzelius on account of the inability of chemical science, at
the time of its discovery, to separate some of its
constituents.
Es*coch"eon (?), n.
Escutcheon. [Obs.]
{ Es`co*pet", \'d8Es`co*pette"
(?) }, n. [Sp.
escopeta, F. escopette.] A kind
of firearm; a carbine.
\'d8Es*co"ri*al (?), n.
[Sp.] See Escurial.
Es"cort (?), n. [F.
escorte, It. scorta a guard or guide, fr.
scorgere to perceive, discern, lead, fr. L.
ex out, quite + corrigere to correct, set
right. See Correct.]
1. A body of armed men to attend a person of
distinction for the sake of affording safety when on a journey;
one who conducts some one as an attendant; a guard, as of
prisoners on a march; also, a body of persons, attending as a
mark of respect or honor; -- applied to movements on land, as
convoy is to movements at sea.
The troops of my escort marched at the ordinary
rate.
Burke.
2. Protection, care, or safeguard on a journey or
excursion; as, to travel under the escort of a
friend.
Es*cort" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Escorted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Escorting.] [Cf. F.
escorter, It. scortare. See
Escort, n.] To attend with a view
to guard and protect; to accompany as safeguard; to give
honorable or ceremonious attendance to; -- used esp. with
reference to journeys or excursions on land; as, to
escort a public functionary, or a lady; to
escort a baggage wagon.
Syn. -- To accompany; attend. See Accompany.
Es*cot" (?), n. [OF.]
See Scot, a tax. [Obs.]
Es*cot", v. t. To pay the reckoning for;
to support; to maintain. [Obs.]
Shak.
\'d8Es`couade" (?), n. See
Squad,
Es*cout" (?), n. See
Scout. [Obs.]
Hayward.
Es*cribed" (?), a. [L.
e out, out of + scribere to write.]
Drawn outside of; -- used to designate a circle that touches
one of the sides of a given triangle, and also the other two
sides produced.
Es"cript (?), n. [OF.]
A writing. [Obs.]
Es`cri*toire" (?), n. [OF.
escritoire, F. \'82critoire, LL.
scriptorium, fr. L. scriptorius belonging
to writing, fr. sribere to write. See Script,
and cf. Scrutoire.] A piece of furniture used
as a writing table, commonly with drawers, pigeonholes, and the
like; a secretary or writing desk.
Es`cri*to"ri*al (?), a. Of or
pertaining to an escritoire.
Es*crod" (?), n. See
Scrod, a young cod.
{ Es*crol", Es*croll" }
(?), n. [See Escrow,
Scroll.]
1. A scroll. [Obs.]
2. (Her.) (a) A long strip or
scroll resembling a ribbon or a band of parchment, or the like,
anciently placed above the shield, and supporting the
crest. (b) In modern heraldry, a similar
ribbon on which the motto is inscribed.
Es"crow (?), n. [OF.
escroe, escroue, a roll of writings, bond.
See Scroll.] (Law) A deed, bond,
or other written engagement, delivered to a third person, to be
held by him till some act is done or some condition is performed,
and then to be by him delivered to the grantee.
Blackstone.
Es"cu*age (?; 48), n. [OF.
escuage, F. \'82cuage, from OF.
escu shield, F. \'82cu. See
Esquire.] (Feud. Law) Service of
the shield, a species of knight service by which a tenant was
bound to follow his lord to war, at his own charge. It was
afterward exchanged for a pecuniary satisfaction. Called also
scutage.
Blackstone.
Es`cu*la"pi*an (?), n.
\'92sculapian.
Es`cu*la"pi*us (?), n. Same as
\'92sculapius.
Es"cu*lent (?), a. [L.
esculentus, fr. escare to eat, fr.
esca food, fr. edere to eat: cf. F.
esculent. See Eat.] Suitable to be
used by man for food; eatable; edible; as, esculent
plants; esculent fish.
Esculent grain for food.
Sir W. Jones.
Esculent swallow (Zo\'94l.), the
swallow which makes the edible bird's-nest. See Edible
bird's-nest, under Edible.
Es"cu*lent, n. Anything that is fit for
eating; that which may be safely eaten by man.
Es*cu"lic (?), a. [From NL.
Aesculus, the generic name of the horse-chestnut, fr.
L. aesculus a kind of oak.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or obtained from, the horse-chestnut; as,
esculic acid.
Es*cu"lin (?), n. [See
Esculic.] (Chem.) A glucoside
obtained from the \'92sculus hippocastanum, or
horse-chestnut, and characterized by its fine blue fluorescent
solutions. [Written also
\'91sculin.]
Es*cu"ri*al (?), n. [Prop. Sp.
escorial, i. e., a hill or heap of rubbish, earth, and
stones brought out of a mine, fr. escoria dross of
metal, L. scoria, fr. Gr. /. Cf.
Scoria.] A palace and mausoleum of the kinds
of Spain, being a vast and wonderful structure about twenty-five
miles northwest of Madrid.
Es*cutch"eon (?), n. [OF.
escusson, F. \'82cusson, from OF.
escu shield, F. \'82cu. See
Esquire, Scutcheon.]
1. (Her.) The surface, usually a shield,
upon which bearings are marshaled and displayed. The surface of
the escutcheon is called the field, the upper part is
called the chief, and the lower part the
base (see Chiff, and Field.). That
side of the escutcheon which is on the right hand of the knight
who bears the shield on his arm is called dexter, and
the other side sinister.
dexter and sinister, as in
the cut, and the different parts or points by the following
names: A, Dexter chief point; B, Middle
chief point; C, Sinister chief point; D,
Honor or color point; E, Fesse or heart point;
F, Nombrill or navel point; G, Dexter base
point; H, Middle base point; I, base
point.
2. A marking upon the back of a cow's udder and the
space above it (the perineum), formed by the hair growing upward
or outward instead of downward. It is esteemed an index of
milking qualities.
C. L. Flint.
3. (Naut.) That part of a vessel's stern
on which her name is written.
R. H. Dane, Jr.
4. (Carp.) A thin metal plate or shield
to protect wood, or for ornament, as the shield around a
keyhole.
5. (Zo\'94l.) The depression behind the
beak of certain bivalves; the ligamental area.
Escutcheon of pretense, an escutcheon used in
English heraldry to display the arms of the bearer's wife; -- not
commonly used unless she an heiress. Cf.
Impalement.
Es*cutch"eoned (?), a. Having
an escutcheon; furnished with a coat of arms or ensign.
Young.
Ese (?), n. Ease;
pleasure. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Es`em*plas"tic (?), a. [Gr. /
into, to + / one + / molded, formed. See
Plastic.] Shaped into one; tending to, or
formative into, unity. [R.]
Coleridge.
<-- p. 510 -->
Es"er*ine (?; 104), n. [From
native name of the Calabar bean: cf. F.
\'82s\'82rine.] (Chem.) An
alkaloid found in the Calabar bean, and the seed of
Physostigma venenosum; physostigmine. It is used in
ophthalmic surgery for its effect in contracting the pupil.
E*sex"u*al (?), a. [Pref.
e- + sexual.] (Biol.)
Sexless; asexual.
Es*guard" (?), n. [Cf. OF.
esgart regard, F. \'82gard. See
Guard.] Guard. [Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.
{ Es"kar (?), Es"ker
}, n. (Geol.) See
Eschar.
Es"ki*mo (?), n.; pl.
Eskimos (#). [Originally applied
by the Algonquins to the Northern Indians, and meaning
eaters of raw flesh.] (Ethnol.)
One of a peculiar race inhabiting Arctic America and
Greenland. In many respects the Eskimos resemble the Mongolian
race. [Written also Esquimau.]
Eskimo dog (Zo\'94l.), one of breed
of large and powerful dogs used by the Eskimos to draw sledges.
It closely resembles the gray wolf, with which it is often
crossed.<-- husky? -->
Es*loin" (?), v. t. [See
Eloign.] To remove; to banish; to withdraw;
to avoid; to eloign. [Obs.]
From worldly cares he did himself esloin.
Spenser.
Es"ne*cy (?), n. [See
Eigne.] (Eng. Law) A prerogative
given to the eldest coparcener to choose first after an
inheritance is divide.
Mozley & W.
E*sod"ic (?), a. [Gr. /
within + / way.] (Physiol.) Conveying
impressions from the surface of the body to the spinal cord; --
said of certain nerves. Opposed to exodic.
E*soph"a*gal (?), a.
(Anat.) Esophageal.
E`so*phag"e*al (?), a.
(Anat.) Pertaining to the esophagus.
[Written also /sophageal.]
E`so*phag"e*an (?), a.
(Anat.) Esophageal.
E*soph`a*got"o*my (?), n. [Gr.
/ the esophagus + / to cut.] (Surg.)
The operation of making an incision into the esophagus, for
the purpose of removing any foreign substance that obstructs the
passage. [Written also
\'d2sophagotomy.]
E*soph"a*gus (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. /; root of / which is used as future of / to bear,
carry (cf. Skr. v\'c6 to go, drive) + / to
eat.] (Anat.) That part of the alimentary
canal between the pharynx and the stomach; the gullet. See
Illust. of Digestive apparatus, under
Digestive. [Written also
/sophagus.]
{ E*so"pi*an (?), E*so"pic
(?), } a. Same as
\'92sopian, \'92sopic.
Es`o*ter"ic (?), a. [Gr. /,
fr. / inner, interior, comp. fr. / in, within, fr. /, /,
into, fr. / in. See In.] Designed for, and
understood by, the specially initiated alone; not communicated,
or not intelligible, to the general body of followers; private;
interior; acroamatic; -- said of the private and more recondite
instructions and doctrines of philosophers. Opposed to
exoteric.
Enough if every age produce two or three critics of this
esoteric class, with here and there a reader to
understand them.
De Quincey.
Es`o*ter"ic*al (?), a.
Esoteric.
Es`o*ter"ic*al*ly, adv. In an esoteric
manner.
Es`o*ter"i*cism (?), n.
Esoteric doctrine or principles.
Es`o*ter"ics (?), n. Mysterious
or hidden doctrines; secret science.
Es"o*ter*y (?), n. Mystery;
esoterics; -- opposed to exotery.
A. Tucker.
\'d8E"sox (?), n. [L., a kind
of pike.] (Zo\'94l.) A genus of fresh-water
fishes, including pike and pickerel.
Es*pace" (?), n. Space.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Es"pa*don (?), n. [F.
espadon, fr. Sp. espadon, fr.
espada sword; or fr. It. spadone an
espadon, spada sword.] A long, heavy,
two-handed and two-edged sword, formerly used by Spanish foot
soldiers and by executioners.
Wilhelm.
Es*pal"ier (?), n. [F.
espalier, fr. It. spalliera, fr.
spalla shoulder, the same word as F.
\'82paule. See Epaulet.]
(Hort.) A railing or trellis upon which fruit
trees or shrubs are trained, as upon a wall; a tree or row of
trees so trained.
And figs from standard and espalier join.
Pope.
Es*pal"ier, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Espaliered (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Espaliering.] To form an
espalier of, or to protect by an espalier.
Es*par"cet (?), n. [F.
esparcet, esparcette,
\'82parcet, fr. Sp. esparceta,
esparcilla.] (Bot.) The common
sainfoin (Onobrychis sativa), an Old World leguminous
forage plant.
\'d8Es*par"to (?), n. [Sp.; cf.
L. spartum Spanish broom, Gr. /.]
(Bot.) A species of Spanish grass
(Macrochloa tenacissima), of which cordage, shoes,
baskets, etc., are made. It is also used for making paper.
\'d8Es`pau`liere" (?), n. [OF.
& F. \'82pauli\'8are. See Espalier.]
A defense for the shoulder, composed of flexible overlapping
plates of metal, used in the 15th century; -- the origin of the
modern epaulette.
Fairholt.
Es*pe"cial (?), a. [OF.
especial, F. sp\'82cial, L.
specialis, fr. species a particular sort,
kind, or quality. See Species, and cf.
Special.] Distinguished among others of the
same class or kind; special; concerning a species or a single
object; principal; particular; as, in an especial
manner or degree.
Syn. -- Peculiar; special; particular; uncommon; chief. See
Peculiar.
Es*pe"cial*ly, adv. In an especial
manner; chiefly; particularly; peculiarly; in an uncommon
degree.
Es*pe"cial*ness (?), n. The
state of being especial.
Es"pe*rance (?), n. [F.
esp\'82rance, fr. L. sperans, p. pr. of
sperare to hope.] Hope.
[Obs.]
Shak.
\'d8Es`pi*aille" (?), n.
Espial. [Obs.]
Es*pi"al (?), n. [OE. & Norm.
F. espiaille. See Espy.]
1. The act of espying; notice; discovery.
Screened from espial by the jutting cape.
Byron.
2. One who espies; a spy; a scout.
[Obs.] \'bdTheir espials . . . brought
word.\'b8
Holland.
Es*pi"er (?), n. One who
espies.
Harmar.
Es"pi*nel (?), n. A kind of
ruby. See Spinel.
Es"pi*o*nage (?; 277), n. [F.
espionnage, fr. espionner to spy, fr.
espion spy, OF. espie. See
Espy.] The practice or employment of spies;
the practice of watching the words and conduct of others, to make
discoveries, as spies or secret emissaries; secret
watching.
Es`pla*nade" (?), n. [F.
esplanade, Sp. esplanada,
explanada, cf. It. spianata; fr. Sp.
explanar to level, L. explanare to flatten
or spread out. See Explain.]
1. (Fort.) (a) A clear space
between a citadel and the nearest houses of the town.
Campbell (Mil. Dict. ). (b) The glacis of
the counterscarp, or the slope of the parapet of the covered way
toward the country.
2. (Hort.) A grass plat; a lawn.
Simmonds.
3. Any clear, level space used for public walks or
drives; esp., a terrace by the seaside.
Es*plees" (?), n. pl. [LL.
expletia, OF. espleit. Cf.
Exploit.] (Old Eng. Law) The full
profits or products which ground or land yields, as the hay of
the meadows, the feed of the pasture, the grain of arable fields,
the rents, services, and the like.
Cowell.
Es*pous"age (?), n.
Espousal. [Obs.]
Latimer.
Es*pous"al (?), n. [OF.
espousailles, pl., F. \'82pousailles, L.
sponsalia, fr. sponsalis belonging to
betrothal or espousal. See Espouse, and cf.
Sponsal, Spousal.]
1. The act of espousing or betrothing; especially,
in the plural, betrothal; plighting of the troths; a contract of
marriage; sometimes, the marriage ceremony.
2. The uniting or allying one's self with anything;
maintenance; adoption; as, the espousal of a
quarrel.
The open espousal of his cause.
Lord Orford.
Es*pouse" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Espoused
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Espousing.] [OF. espouser,
esposer, F. \'82pouser, L.
sponsare to betroth, espouse, fr. sponsus
betrothed, p. p. of spondere to promise solemnly or
sacredly. Cf. Spouse.]
1. To betroth; to promise in marriage; to give as
spouse.
A virgin espoused to a man whose name was
Joseph.
Luke i. 27.
2. To take as spouse; to take to wife; to
marry.
Lavinia will I make my empress, . . .
And in the sacred Pantheon her espouse.
Shak.
3. To take to one's self with a view to maintain;
to make one's own; to take up the cause of; to adopt; to
embrace. \'bdHe espoused that quarrel.\'b8
Bacon.
Promised faithfully to espouse his cause as soon as
he got out of the war.
Bp. Burnet.
Es*pouse"ment (?), n. [Cf. OF.
espousement.] The act of espousing, or the
state of being espoused.
Es*pous"er (?), n. One who
espouses; one who embraces the cause of another or makes it his
own.
\'d8Es`pres*si"vo (?), a.
[It.] (Mus.) With expression.
Es*prin"gal (?), n. [See
Springal.] (Mil. Antiq.) An engine
of war used for throwing viretons, large stones, and other
missiles; a springal.
\'d8Es`prit" (?), n. [F. See
Spirit.] Spirit.
Esprit de corps (/), a French
phrase much used by English writers to denote the common spirit
pervading the members of a body or association of persons. It
implies sympathy, enthusiasm, devotion, and jealous regard for
the honor of the body as a whole.
Es*py" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Espied (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Espying.]
[OF. espier, F. \'82pier, from OHG.
speh/n to watch, spy, G. sp\'84hen; akin
to L. specere to look, species sight,
shape, appearance, kind. See Spice, Spy, and
cf. Espionage.]
1. To catch sight of; to perceive with the eyes; to
discover, as a distant object partly concealed, or not obvious to
notice; to see at a glance; to discern unexpectedly; to spy;
as, to espy land; to espy a man in a
crowd.
As one of them opened his sack to give his ass provender in
the inn, . . . he espied his money.
Gen. xlii. 27.
A goodly vessel did I then espy
Come like a giant from a haven broad.
Wordsworth.
2. To inspect narrowly; to examine and keep watch
upon; to watch; to observe.
He sends angels to espy us in all our ways.
Jer. Taylor.
Syn. -- To discern; discover; detect; descry; spy.
Es*py", v. i. To look or search
narrowly; to look about; to watch; to take notice; to spy.
Stand by the way, and espy.
Jer. xlviii. 19.
Es*py", n.; pl. Espies
(#). [OF. espie. See
Espy, v., Spy.] A spy; a
scout. [Obs.]
Huloet.
-esque (?). [F., fr. It. -isco.
Cf. -ish.] A suffix of certain words from the
French, Italian, and Spanish. It denotes manner or
style; like; as, arabesque,
after the manner of the Arabs.
Es"qui*mau (?), n.; pl.
Esquimaux (#). [F.]
Same as Eskimo.
It is . . . an error to suppose that where an
Esquimau can live, a civilized man can live also.
McClintock.
Es*quire" (?), n. [OF.
escuyer, escuier, properly, a
shield-bearer, F. \'82cuyer shield-bearer,
armor-bearer, squire of a knight, esquire, equerry, rider,
horseman, LL. scutarius shield-bearer, fr. L.
scutum shield, akin to Gr. / skin, hide, from a root
meaning to cover; prob. akin to E. hide to
cover. See Hide to cover, and cf. Equerry,
Escutcheon.] Originally, a shield-bearer or
armor-bearer, an attendant on a knight; in modern times, a title
of dignity next in degree below knight and above
gentleman; also, a title of office and courtesy; --
often shortened to squire.
esquire belongs
by right of birth to the eldest sons of knights and their eldest
sons in perpetual succession; to the eldest sons of younger sons
of peers and their eldest sons in perpetual succession. It is
also given to sheriffs, to justices of the peace while in
commission, to those who bear special office in the royal
household, to counselors at law, bachelors of divinity, law, or
physic, and to others. In the United States the title is commonly
given in courtesy to lawyers and justices of the peace, and is
often used in the superscription of letters instead of
Mr.
Es*quire" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Esquired
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Esquiring.] To wait on as an esquire or
attendant in public; to attend. [Colloq.]
\'d8Es`quisse" (?), n. [F. See
Sketch.] (Fine Arts) The first
sketch of a picture or model of a statue.
-ess (?). [OF. -esse, LL.
-issa, Gr. /.] A suffix used to form
feminine nouns; as, actress, deaconess,
songstress.
Es"say (?), n.; pl.
Essays (#). [F. essai,
fr. L. exagium a weighing, weight, balance;
ex out + agere to drive, do; cf.
examen, exagmen, a means of weighing, a
weighing, the tongue of a balance, exigere to drive
out, examine, weigh, Gr. 'exa`gion a weight,
'exagia`zein to examine, 'exa`gein to drive
out, export. See Agent, and cf. Exact,
Examine, Assay.]
1. An effort made, or exertion of body or mind, for
the performance of anything; a trial; attempt; as, to make an
essay to benefit a friend. \'bdThe
essay at organization.\'b8
M. Arnold.
2. (Lit.) A composition treating of any
particular subject; -- usually shorter and less methodical than a
formal, finished treatise; as, an essay on the life
and writings of Homer; an essay on fossils, or on
commerce.
3. An assay. See Assay,
n. [Obs.]
Syn. -- Attempt; trial; endeavor; effort; tract; treatise;
dissertation; disquisition.
Es*say" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Essayed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Essaying.] [F. essayer. See
Essay, n.]
1. To exert one's power or faculties upon; to make
an effort to perform; to attempt; to endeavor; to make experiment
or trial of; to try.
What marvel if I thus essay to sing?
Byron.
Essaying nothing she can not perform.
Emerson.
A danger lest the young enthusiast . . . should
essay the impossible.
J. C. Shairp.
2. To test the value and purity of (metals); to
assay. See Assay. [Obs.]
Locke.
Es*say"er (?), n. One who
essays.
Addison.
Es"say*ist (?; 277), n. A
writer of an essay, or of essays.
B. Jonson.
Es"sence (?), n. [F.
essence, L. essentia, formed as if fr. a p.
pr. of esse to be. See Is, and cf.
Entity.]
1. The constituent elementary notions which
constitute a complex notion, and must be enumerated to define it;
sometimes called the nominal essence.
2. The constituent quality or qualities which
belong to any object, or class of objects, or on which they
depend for being what they are (distinguished as real
essence); the real being, divested of all logical
accidents; that quality which constitutes or marks the true
nature of anything; distinctive character; hence, virtue or
quality of a thing, separated from its grosser parts.
The laws are at present, both in form and essence,
the greatest curse that society labors under.
Landor.
Gifts and alms are the expressions, not the essence
of this virtue [charity].
Addison.
The essence of Addison's humor is irony.
Courthope.
3. Constituent substance.
And uncompounded is their essence pure.
Milton.
4. A being; esp., a purely spiritual being.
As far as gods and heavenly essences
Can perish.
Milton.
He had been indulging in fanciful speculations on spiritual
essences, until . . . he had and ideal world of his
own around him.
W. Irving.
5. The predominant qualities or virtues of a plant
or drug, extracted and refined from grosser matter; or, more
strictly, the solution in spirits of wine of a volatile or
essential oil; as, the essence of mint, and the
like.
The . . . word essence . . . scarcely underwent a
more complete transformation when from being the abstract of the
verb \'bdto be,\'b8 it came to denote something sufficiently
concrete to be inclosed in a glass bottle.
J. S. Mill.
6. Perfume; odor; scent; or the volatile matter
constituting perfume.
Nor let the essences exhale.
Pope.
Es"sence, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Essenced (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Essencing (?).] To
perfume; to scent. \'bdEssenced fops.\'b8
Addison.
Es*sene" (?), n.; pl.
Essenes (#). [Gr. /, lit.,
physicians, because they practiced medicine, fr. Chald
\'besay\'be to heal, cf. Heb.
as\'be.] One of a sect among the Jews in
the time of our Savior, remarkable for their strictness and
abstinence.
Es"se*nism (?), n. The doctrine
or the practices of the Essenes.
De Quincey.
Es*sen"tial (?), a. [Cf. F.
essentiel. See Essence.]
1. Belonging to the essence, or that which makes an
object, or class of objects, what it is.
Majestic as the voice sometimes became, there was forever in
it an essential character of plaintiveness.
Hawthorne.
2. Hence, really existing; existent.
Is it true, that thou art but a a name,
And no essential thing?
Webster (1623).
3. Important in the highest degree; indispensable
to the attainment of an object; indispensably necessary.
Judgment's more essential to a general
Than courage.
Denham.
How to live? -- that is the essential question for
us.
H. Spencer.
4. Containing the essence or characteristic portion
of a substance, as of a plant; highly rectified; pure; hence,
unmixed; as, an essential oil. \'bdMine
own essential horror.\'b8
Ford.
<-- p. 511 -->
5. (Mus.) Necessary; indispensable; --
said of those tones which constitute a chord, in distinction from
ornamental or passing tones.
6. (Med.) Idiopathic; independent of
other diseases.
Essential character (Biol.), the
prominent characteristics which serve to distinguish one genus,
species, etc., from another. -- Essential
disease, Essential fever
(Med.), one that is not dependent on another.
-- Essential oils (Chem.), a class of
volatile oils, extracted from plants, fruits, or flowers, having
each its characteristic odor, and hot burning taste. They are
used in essences, perfumery, etc., and include many varieties of
compounds; as lemon oil is a terpene, oil
of bitter almonds an aldehyde, oil of
wintergreen an ethereal salt, etc.; -- called also
volatile oils in distinction from the
fixed or nonvolatile.
E*sen"tial (?), n.
1. Existence; being. [Obs.]
Milton.
2. That which is essential; first or constituent
principle; as, the essentials or
religion.
Es*sen`ti*al"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being essential; the essential part.
Jer. Taylor.
E*sen"tial*ly (?), adv. In an
essential manner or degree; in an indispensable degree; really;
as, essentially different.
E*sen"tial*ness, n. Essentiality.
Ld. Digby.
Es*sen"ti*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Essentiated; p.
pr. & vb. n. Essentiating.] To
form or constitute the essence or being of.
[Obs.]
Boyle.
Es*sen"ti*ate, v. i. To become
assimilated; to be changed into the essence.
[Obs.]
B. Jonson.
{ Es*soin" (?) Es*soign
}, n. [OF. essoine,
essoigne, F. exoine, L. essonia,
exonia; pref. ex- (L. ex from) +
sunnis, sunnia, sonia,
hindrance, excuse. Cf. Icel. syn refusal,
synja to deny, refuse, Goth. sunja truth,
sunj to justify, OS. sunnea
impediment, OHG. sunna.]
1. (Eng. Law) An excuse for not
appearing in court at the return of process; the allegation of an
excuse to the court.
2. Excuse; exemption. [Obs.]
From every work he challenged essoin.
Spenser.
Essoin day (Eng. Law), the first
general return day of the term, on which the court sits to
receive essoins.
Blackstone.
Es*soin", v. t. [OF.
essoinier, essoignier, essonier,
LL. essoniare, exoniare. See
Essoin, n.] (Eng. Law)
To excuse for nonappearance in court. \'bdI 'll not
essoin thee.\'b8
Quarles.
Es*soin"er (?), n. (Eng.
Law) An attorney who sufficiently excuses the absence
of another.
Es"so*nite (?), n. [Named from
Gr. / inferior, because not so hard as some minerals it
resembles, e. g., hyacinth.]
(Min.) Cinnamon stone, a variety of garnet. See
Garnet.
Es"so*rant (?), a. [F.]
(Her.) Standing, but with the wings spread, as if
about to fly; -- said of a bird borne as a charge on an
escutcheon.
Est (?), n. & adv. East.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
-est (?). [AS. -ost,
-est; akin to G. -est, -ist,
Icel. -astr, -str, Goth. -ists,
-/sts, Skr. -ish/ha.] A
suffix used to form the superlative of adjectives and adverbs;
as, smoothest; earl(y)iest.
Es*tab"lish (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Established
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Establishing.] [OE.
establissen, OF. establir, F.
\'82tablir, fr. L. stabilire, fr.
stabilis firm, steady, stable. See Stable,
a., -ish, and cf. Stablish.]
1. To make stable or firm; to fix immovably or
firmly; to set (a thing) in a place and make it stable there; to
settle; to confirm.
So were the churches established in the faith.
Acts xvi. 5.
The best established tempers can scarcely forbear
being borne down.
Burke.
Confidence which must precede union could be
established only by consummate prudence and
self-control.
Bancroft.
2. To appoint or constitute for permanence, as
officers, laws, regulations, etc.; to enact; to ordain.
By the consent of all, we were established
The people's magistrates.
Shak.
Now, O king, establish the decree, and sign the
writing, that it be not changed.
Dan. vi. 8.
3. To originate and secure the permanent existence
of; to found; to institute; to create and regulate; -- said of a
colony, a state, or other institutions.
He hath established it [the earth], he created it
not in vain, he formed it to be inhabited.
Is. xlv. 18.
Woe to him that buildeth a town with blood, and
establisheth a city by iniquity!
Hab. ii. 12.
4. To secure public recognition in favor of; to
prove and cause to be accepted as true; as, to
establish a fact, usage, principle, opinion, doctrine,
etc.
At the mouth of two witnesses, or at the mouth of three
witnesses, shall the matter be established.
Deut. xix. 15.
5. To set up in business; to place advantageously
in a fixed condition; -- used reflexively; as, he
established himself in a place; the enemy
established themselves in the citadel.
Es*tab"lish*er (?), n. One who
establishes.
Es*tab"lish*ment (?), n. [Cf.
OF. establissement, F.
\'82tablissement.]
1. The act of establishing; a ratifying or
ordaining; settlement; confirmation.
2. The state of being established, founded, and the
like; fixed state.
3. That which is established; as: (a) A
form of government, civil or ecclesiastical; especially, a system
of religion maintained by the civil power; as, the Episcopal
establishment of England. (b) A permanent
civil, military, or commercial, force or organization.
(c) The place in which one is permanently fixed for
residence or business; residence, including grounds, furniture,
equipage, etc.; with which one is fitted out; also, any office or
place of business, with its fixtures; that which serves for the
carrying on of a business; as, to keep up a large
establishment; a manufacturing
establishment.
Exposing the shabby parts of the establishment.
W. Irving.
Establishment of the port
(Hydrography), a datum on which the tides are
computed at the given port, obtained by observation, viz., the
interval between the moon's passage over the meridian and the
time of high water at the port, on the days of new and full
moon.
Es*tab`lish*men*ta"ri*an (?), n.
One who regards the Church primarily as an establishment
formed by the State, and overlooks its intrinsic spiritual
character.
Shipley.
\'d8Es`ta*cade" (?), n. [F.;
cf. It. steccata, Sp. estacada. Cf.
Stake.] (Mil.) A dike of piles in
the sea, a river, etc., to check the approach of an enemy.
{ Es`ta*fet", \'d8Es`ta*fette" }
(?), n. [F. estafette, cf.
Sp. estafeta; fr. It. stafetta, fr.
staffa stirrup, fr. OHG. stapho footstep,
footprint, G. stapfe; akin to E.
step.] A courier who conveys messages to
another courier; a military courier sent from one part of an army
to another.
\'d8Es*tan"ci*a (?), n. [Sp.
See Stanza.] A grazing; a country
house. [Spanish America]
Es*tate" (?), n. [OF.
estat, F. \'82tat, L. status,
fr. stare to stand. See Stand, and cf.
State.]
1. Settled condition or form of existence; state;
condition or circumstances of life or of any person;
situation. \'bdWhen I came to man's estate.\'b8
Shak.
Mind not high things, but condescend to men of low
estate.
Romans xii. 16.
2. Social standing or rank; quality; dignity.
God hath imprinted his authority in several parts, upon
several estates of men.
Jer. Taylor.
3. A person of high rank. [Obs.]
She's a duchess, a great estate.
Latimer.
Herod on his birthday made a supper to his lords, high
captains, and chief estates of Galilee.
Mark vi. 21.
4. A property which a person possesses; a fortune;
possessions, esp. property in land; also, property of all kinds
which a person leaves to be divided at his death.
See what a vast estate he left his son.
Dryden.
5. The state; the general body politic; the
common-wealth; the general interest; state affairs.
[Obs.]
I call matters of estate not only the parts of
sovereignty, but whatsoever . . . concerneth manifestly any great
portion of people.
Bacon.
6. pl. The great classes or orders of
a community or state (as the clergy, the nobility, and the
commonalty of England) or their representatives who administer
the government; as, the estates of the realm
(England), which are (1) the lords spiritual, (2) the lords
temporal, (3) the commons.
7. (Law) The degree, quality, nature,
and extent of one's interest in, or ownership of, lands,
tenements, etc.; as, an estate for life, for years,
at will, etc.
Abbott.
The fourth estate, a name often given to the
public press.
Es*tate", v. t.
1. To establish. [Obs.]
Beau. & Fl.
2. Tom settle as a fortune.
[Archaic]
Shak.
3. To endow with an estate.
[Archaic]
Then would I . . .
Estate them with large land and territory.
Tennyson.
{ Es*tat"lich (?), Es"tat*ly
(?), } a. [OE.]
Stately; dignified. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Es*teem" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Esteemed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Esteeming.] [F. estimer, L.
aestimare, aestumare, to value, estimate;
perh. akin to Skr. ish to seek, strive, and E.
ask. Cf. Aim, Estimate.]
1. To set a value on; to appreciate the worth of;
to estimate; to value; to reckon.
Then he forsook God, which made him, and lightly
esteemed the Rock of his salvation.
Deut. xxxii. 15.
Thou shouldst (gentle reader) esteem his censure
and authority to be of the more weighty credence.
Bp. Gardiner.
Famous men, -- whose scientific attainments were
esteemed hardly less than supernatural.
Hawthorne.
2. To set a high value on; to prize; to regard with
reverence, respect, or friendship.
Will he esteem thy riches?
Job xxxvi. 19.
You talk kindlier: we esteem you for it.
Tennyson.
Syn. -- To estimate; appreciate; regard; prize; value;
respect; revere. See Appreciate,
Estimate.
Es*teem", v. i. To form an estimate; to
have regard to the value; to consider. [Obs.]
We ourselves esteem not of that obedience, or love,
or gift, which is of force.
Milton.
Es*teem", n. [Cf. F. estime.
See Esteem, v. t.]
1. Estimation; opinion of merit or value; hence,
valuation; reckoning; price.
Most dear in the esteem
And poor in worth!
Shak.
I will deliver you, in ready coin,
The full and dear'st esteem of what you crave.
J. Webster.
2. High estimation or value; great regard;
favorable opinion, founded on supposed worth.
Nor should thy prowess want praise and esteem.
Shak.
Syn. -- See Estimate, n.
Es*teem"a*ble (?), a. Worthy of
esteem; estimable. [R.]
\'bdEsteemable qualities.\'b8
Pope.
Es*teem"er (?), n. One who
esteems; one who sets a high value on any thing.
The proudest esteemer of his own parts.
Locke.
Es"ter (?), n. [A word invented
by L. Gmelin, a German chemist.] (Chem.) An
ethereal salt, or compound ether, consisting of an organic
radical united with the residue of any oxygen acid, organic or
inorganic; thus the natural fats are esters of
glycerin and the fatty acids, oleic, etc.
Es*the`si*om"e*ter (?), n. Same
as \'92sthesiometer.
Es"thete (?), n.;
Es*thet"ic (/), a.,
Es*thet"ic*al (/), a.,
Es*thet"ics (/), n. etc.
Same as \'92sthete, \'92sthetic,
\'92sthetical, \'92sthetics, etc.
Es*tif"er*ous (?), a. [L.
aestifer; aestus fire + ferre to
bear.] Producing heat. [R.]
Smart.
Es"ti*ma*ble (?), a. [F.
estimable, or L. aestimabilis. See
Esteem.]
1. Capable of being estimated or valued; as,
estimable damage.
Paley. .
2. Valuable; worth a great price.
[R.]
A pound of man's flesh, taken from a man,
Is not so estimable, profitable neither,
As flesh of muttons, beefs, or goats.
Shak.
3. Worth of esteem or respect; deserving our good
opinion or regard.
A lady said of her two companions, that one was more amiable,
the other more estimable.
Sir W. Temple.
Es"ti*ma*ble (?), n. A thing
worthy of regard. [R.]
One of the peculiar estimables of her country.
Sir T. Browne.
Es"ti*ma*ble*ness, n. The quality of
deserving esteem or regard.
Es"ti*ma*bly, adv. In an estimable
manner.
Es"ti*mate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Estimated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Estimating
(?).] [L. aestimatus, p. p.
of aestimare. See Esteem, v.
t.]
1. To judge and form an opinion of the value of,
from imperfect data, -- either the extrinsic (money), or
intrinsic (moral), value; to fix the worth of roughly or in a
general way; as, to estimate the value of goods or
land; to estimate the worth or talents of a
person.
It is by the weight of silver, and not the name of the piece,
that men estimate commodities and exchange them.
Locke.
It is always very difficult to estimate the age in
which you are living.
J. C. Shairp.
2. To from an opinion of, as to amount,, number,
etc., from imperfect data, comparison, or experience; to make an
estimate of; to calculate roughly; to rate; as, to
estimate the cost of a trip, the number of feet in a
piece of land.
Syn. -- To appreciate; value; appraise; prize; rate; esteem;
count; calculate; number. -- To Estimate,
Esteem. Both these words imply an exercise of the
judgment. Estimate has reference especially to the
external relations of things, such as amount, magnitude,
importance, etc. It usually involves computation or calculation;
as, to estimate the loss or gain of an
enterprise. Esteem has reference to the intrinsic
or moral worth of a person or thing. Thus, we esteem a
man for his kindness, or his uniform integrity. In this sense it
implies a mingled sentiment of respect and attachment. We
esteem it an honor to live in a free country. See
Appreciate.
Es"ti*mate (?), n. A valuing or
rating by the mind, without actually measuring, weighing, or the
like; rough or approximate calculation; as, an
estimate of the cost of a building, or of the quantity
of water in a pond.
Weigh success in a moral balance, and our whole
estimate is changed.
J. C. Shairp.
Syn. -- Estimate, Estimation,
Esteem. The noun estimate, like
its verb, supposes chiefly an exercise of judgment in determining
the amount, importance, or magnitude of things, with their other
exterior relations; as, an estimate of expenses
incurred; a true estimate of life, etc.
Esteem is a moral sentiment made up of respect and
attachment, -- the valuation of a person as possessing useful
qualities or real worth. Thus we speak of the esteem
of the wise and good as a thing greatly to be desired.
Estimation seems to waver between the two. In our
version of the Scriptures it is used simply for
estimate; as, \'bdIf he be poorer than thy
estimation.\'b8 Lev. xxvii. 8. In other
cases, it verges toward esteem; as, \'bdI know him
to be of worth and worthy estimation.\'b8
Shak. It will probably settle down at last on this
latter sense. \'bdEsteem is the value we place upon
some degree of worth. It is higher than simple approbation, which
is a decision of judgment. It is the commencement of
affection.\'b8 Gogan.
No; dear as freedom is, and in my heart's
Just estimation prized above all price.
Cowper.
Es`ti*ma"tion (?), n. [L.
aestimatio, fr. aestimare: cf. F.
estimation. See Esteem, v.
t.]
1. The act of estimating.
Shak.
2. An opinion or judgment of the worth, extent, or
quantity of anything, formed without using precise data;
valuation; as, estimations of distance, magnitude,
amount, or moral qualities.
If he be poorer that thy estimation, then he shall
present himself before the priest, and the priest, and the priest
shall value him.
Lev. xxvii. 8.
3. Favorable opinion; esteem; regard; honor.
I shall have estimation among multitude, and honor
with the elders.
Wisdom viii. 10.
4. Supposition; conjecture.
I speak not this in estimation,
As what I think might be, but what I know.
Shak.
Syn. -- Estimate; calculation; computation; appraisement;
esteem; honor; regard. See Estimate, n.
Es"ti*ma*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
estimatif.]
1. Inclined, or able, to estimate; serving for, or
capable of being used in, estimating.
We find in animals an estimative or judicial
faculty.
Sir M. Hale.
2. Pertaining to an estimate.
[R.]
Es"ti*ma`tor (?), n. [L.
aestimator.] One who estimates or values; a
valuer.
Jer. Taylor.
Es"ti*val (?), a.,
Es"ti*vate (/), v. i.,
Es`ti*va"tion (/), n.
Same as \'92stival, \'92stivate,
etc.
\'d8Es`toile" (?), n.
[OF.] (Her.) A six-pointed star whose
rays are wavy, instead of straight like those of a mullet.
[Written also \'82toile.]
Estoile of eight points, a star which has four
straight and four wavy rays. -- Estoile of four
points. Same as Cross estoil\'82, under
Cross.
Es*top" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Estophed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Estopping.] [OF. estoper to
stop, plug, close, F. \'82touper, LL.
stuppare to close with tow, obstruct, fr. L.
stuppa tow, oakum, cf. Gr. /. Cf.
Stop.] (Law) To impede or bar by
estoppel.
A party will be estopped by his admissions, where
his intent is to influence another, or derive an advantage to
himself.
Abbott.
Es*top"pel (?), n. [From
Estop.] (Law) (a) A stop;
an obstruction or bar to one's alleging or denying a fact
contrary to his own previous action, allegation, or denial; an
admission, by words or conduct, which induces another to purchase
rights, against which the party making such admission can not
take a position inconsistent with the admission.
(b) The agency by which the law excludes evidence
to dispute certain admissions, which the policy of the law treats
as indisputable.
Wharton. Stephen. Burrill.
<-- p. 512 -->
Es*to"vers (?), n. pl. [OF.
estoveir, estovoir, necessary, necessity,
need, prop. an infin. meaning to suit, be fit, be necessary. See
Stover.] (Law) Necessaries or
supples; an allowance to a person out of an estate or other thing
for support; as of wood to a tenant for life, etc., of sustenance
to a man confined for felony of his estate, or alimony to a woman
divorced out of her husband's estate.
Blackstone.
Common of estovers. See under Common,
n.
Es`trade" (?), n. [F., fr. Sp.
estrado, orig., a carpet on the floor of a room, also,
a carpeted platform, fr. L. stratum bed covering. See
Stratum.] (Arch.) A portion of the
floor of a room raised above the general level, as a place for a
bed or a throne; a platform; a dais.
He [the teacher] himself should have his desk on a mounted
estrade or platform.
J. G. Fitch.
\'d8Es`tra`ma`con" (?), n.
[F.]
1. A straight, heavy sword with two edges, used in
the 16th and 17th centuries.
2. A blow with edge of a sword.
Farrow.
Es*trange" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Estranged
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Estranging.] [OF. estrangier
to remove, F. \'82tranger, L. extraneare to
treat as a stranger, from extraneus strange. See
Strange.]
1. To withdraw; to withhold; hence, reflexively, to
keep at a distance; to cease to be familiar and friendly
with.
We must estrange our belief from everything which
is not clearly and distinctly evidenced.
Glanvill.
Had we . . . estranged ourselves from them in
things indifferent.
Hooker.
2. To divert from its original use or purpose, or
from its former possessor; to alienate.
They . . . have estranged this place, and have
burned incense in it unto other gods.
Jer. xix. 4.
3. To alienate the affections or confidence of; to
turn from attachment to enmity or indifference.
I do not know, to this hour, what it is that has
estranged him from me.
Pope.
He . . . had pretended to be estranged from the
Whigs, and had promised to act as a spy upon them.
Macaulay.
Es*tran"ged*ness (?), n. State
of being estranged; estrangement.
Prynne.
Es*trange"ment (?), n. [Cf. OF.
estrangement.] The act of estranging, or
the state of being estranged; alienation.
An estrangement from God.
J. C. Shairp.
A long estrangement from better things.
South.
Es*tran"ger (?), n. One who
estranges.
Es*tran"gle (?), v. t. To
strangle. [Obs.]
Es`tra*pade" (?), n. [F.]
(Man.) The action of a horse, when, to get rid of
his rider, he rears, plunges, and kicks furiously.
Es*tray" (?), v. i. To
stray. [Obs.]
Daniel.
Es*tray" n. (Law) Any
valuable animal, not wild, found wandering from its owner; a
stray.
Burrill.
Es"tre (?), n. [OF.
estre state, plan.] The inward part of a
building; the interior. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Es*treat" (?), n. [OF.
estraite, prop., an extract, fr. p. p. of
estraire to extract, F. extraire, fr.
L.extrahere. See Extract.]
(Law) A true copy, duplicate, or extract of an
original writing or record, esp. of amercements or penalties set
down in the rolls of court to be levied by the bailiff, or other
officer.
Cowell.
Estreat of a recognizance, the extracting or
taking out a forfeited recognizance from among the other records
of the court, for the purpose of a prosecution in another court,
or it may be in the same court.
Burrill.
Es*treat", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Estreated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Estreating.] (Law) (a)
To extract or take out from the records of a court, and send
up to the court of exchequer to be enforced; -- said of a
forfeited recognizance. (b) To bring in to
the exchequer, as a fine.
Es*trepe" (?), v. t. [OF.
estreper.] (Law) To strip or lay
bare, as land of wood, houses, etc.; to commit waste.
Es*trepe"ment (?), n. [OF.,
damage, waste.] (Law) A destructive kind of
waste, committed by a tenant for life, in lands, woods, or
houses.
Cowell.
Es"trich (?), n.
1. Ostrich. [Obs.]
Massinger.
2. (Com.) The down of the ostrich.
Brande & C.
Es"tu*ance (?), n. [From L.
aestuans, p. pr. of aestuare. See
Estuate.] Heat. [Obs.]
Es"tu*a*rine (?), a. Pertaining
to an estuary; estuary.
Es"tu*a*ry (?), n.; pl.
Estuaries (#). [L.
aestuarium, from aestuare to surge. See
Estuate.] [Written also
\'91stuary.]
1. A place where water boils up; a spring that
wells forth. [Obs.]
Boyle.
2. A passage, as the mouth of a river or lake,
where the tide meets the current; an arm of the sea; a
frith.
it to the sea was often by long and wide
estuaries.
Dana.
Es"tu*a*ry, a. Belonging to, or formed
in, an estuary; as, estuary strata.
Lyell.
Es"tu*ate (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Estuated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Estuating.] [L. aestuare to
be in violent motion, to boil up, burn, fr. aestus
boiling or undulating motion, fire, glow, heat; akin to Gr./ to
burn. See Ether.] To boil up; to swell and
rage; to be agitated.
Bacon.
Es`tu*a"tion (?), n. [L.
aestuatio.] The act of estuating;
commotion, as of a fluid; agitation.
The estuations of joys and fears.
W. Montagu.
\'d8Es*tu"fa (?), n.; pl.
Estufas (#). [Sp., a stove, a warm
room. Cf. Stove.] An assembly room in
dwelling of the Pueblo Indians.
L. H. Morgan.
Es"ture (?; 135), n. [See
Estuate.] Commotion.
[Obs.]
Chapman.
E*su"ri*ent (?), a. [L.
esuriens, p. pr. of ensurire, fr.
edere to eat.] Inclined to eat; hungry;
voracious. [R.] Bailey. \'bdPoor, but
esurient.\'b8
Carlyle.
E*su"ri*ent, n. One who is hungry or
greedy. [R.]
An insatiable esurient after riches.
Wood.
Es"u*rine (?), a. [See
Esurient.] Causing hunger; eating;
corroding. [Obs.]
Wiseman.
Es"u*rine, n. (Med.) A
medicine which provokes appetites, or causes hunger.
[Obs.]
-et (?). [F. -et, masc.,
-ette, fem. Cf. -let.] A noun
suffix with a diminutive force; as in baronet,
pocket, facet, floweret,
latchet.
\'d8E*taac" (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) The blue buck.
E"ta*cism (?), n. [Gr. / the
letter /, /. Cf. Itacism.] (Greek
Gram.) The pronunciation of the Greek e long, that is like a in the
English word ate. See Itacism.
E"ta*cist (?), n. One who
favors etacism.
\'d8\'90`ta`g\'8are" (?), n.
[F., fr. \'82tager to arrange on shelves, fr.
\'82tage story, floor. See Stage.]
A piece of furniture having a number of uninclosed shelves
or stages, one above another, for receiving articles of elegance
or use.
Fairholt.
\'d8\'90`tat" Ma`jor" (?). [F., fr.
\'82tat state + L. major greater.]
(Mil.) The staff of an army, including all
officers above the rank of colonel, also, all adjutants,
inspectors, quartermasters, commissaries, engineers, ordnance
officers, paymasters, physicians, signal officers, judge
advocates; also, the noncommissioned assistants of the above
officers.
{ \'d8Et` cet"e*ra, \'d8Et` c\'91t"e*ra
} (?). [L. et and +
caetera other things.] Others of the like
kind; and the rest; and so on; -- used to point out that
other things which could be mentioned are to be
understood. Usually abbreviated into etc. or &c.
(&c).
Shak.
Etch (?), n. A variant of
Eddish. [Obs.]
Mortimer.
Etch, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Etched (?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Etching.] [D. etsen, G.
\'84tzen to feed, corrode, etch. MHG.
etzen, causative of ezzen to eat, G.
essen //. See Eat.]
1. To produce, as figures or designs, on mental,
glass, or the like, by means of lines or strokes eaten in or
corroded by means of some strong acid.
2. To subject to etching; to draw upon and bite
with acid, as a plate of metal.
I was etching a plate at the beginning of 1875.
Hamerton.
3. To sketch; to delineate. [R.]
There are many empty terms to be found in some learned writes,
to which they had recourse to etch out their
system.
Locke.
Etch, v. i. To practice etching; to make
etchings.
Etch"er (?), n. One who
etches.
Etch"ing, n.
1. The act, art, or practice of engraving by means
of acid which eats away lines or surfaces left unprotected in
metal, glass, or the like. See Etch, v.
t.
2. A design carried out by means of the above
process; a pattern on metal, glass, etc., produced by
etching.
3. An impression on paper, parchment, or other
material, taken in ink from an etched plate.
Etching figures (Min.), markings
produced on the face of a crystal by the action of an appropriate
solvent. They have usually a definite form, and are important as
revealing the molecular structure. -- Etching
needle, a sharp-pointed steel instrument with which
lines are drawn in the ground or varnish in etching. --
Etching stitch (Needlework), a stitch
used outline embroidery.
E`te*os"tic (?), n. [Gr. /,
/, year + / row.] A kind of chronogram.
[R.]
B. Jonson.
E*ter"mi*na*ble (?), a. [Pref.
e- + terminable.]
Interminable. [Obs.]
Skelton.
{ E*tern" E*terne" (?)
}, a. [OF. eterne, L.
aeternus, for aeviturnus, fr.
aevum age. See Age, and cf.
Eternal.] Eternal.
[Poetic]
Shak.
Built up to eterne significance.
Mrs. Browning.
E*ter"nal (?), a. [F.
\'82ternel, L. aeternalis, fr.
aeternus. See Etern.]
1. Without beginning or end of existence; always
existing.
The eternal God is thy refuge.
Deut. xxxiii. 27.
To know wether there were any real being, whose duration has
been eternal.
Locke.
2. Without end of existence or duration;
everlasting; endless; immortal.
That they may also obtain the salvation which is in Christ
Jesus, with eternal glory.
2 Tim. ii. 10.
3. Continued without intermission; perpetual;
ceaseless; constant.
And fires eternal in thy temple shine.
Dryden.
4. Existing at all times without change;
immutable.
Hobbes believed the eternal truths which he
opposed.
Dryden.
What are the eternal objects of poetry among all
nations, and at all times?
M. Arnold.
5. Exceedingly great or bad; -- used as a strong
intensive. \'bdSome eternal villain.\'b8
The Eternal City, an appellation of
Rome.
Syn. -- Everlasting; endless; infinite; ceaseless;
perpetual; interminable. See Everlasting.
E*ter"nal, n.
1. One of the appellations of God.
Law whereby the Eternal himself doth work.
Hooker.
2. That which is endless and immortal.
Young.
E*ter"nal*ist, n. One who holds the
existence of matter to be from eternity.
T. Burnet.
E*ter"nal*ize (?), v. t. To
make eternal.
Shelton.
E*ter"nal*ly, adv. In an eternal
manner.
That which is morally good or evil at any time or in any case,
must be also eternally and unchangeably so.
South.
Where western gales eternally reside.
Addison.
E*terne" (?), a. See
Etern.
E*ter"ni*fy (?), v. t. To make
eternal. [Obs.]
Fame . . . eternifies the name.
Mir. for Mag.
E*ter"ni*ty (?), n.; pl.
Eternities (#). [F.
\'82ternit\'82, L. aeternitas, fr.
aeternus. See Etern.]
1. Infinite duration, without beginning in the past
or end in the future; also, duration without end in the future;
endless time.
The high and lofty One, that inhabiteth
eternity.
Is. lvii. 15.
2. Condition which begins at death;
immortality.
Thou know'st 't is common; all that lives must die,
Passing through nature to eternity.
Shak.
E*ter`ni*za"tion (?), n. The
act of eternizing; the act of rendering immortal or famous.
E*ter"nize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Eternized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Eterniziing.] [Cf. F.
\'82terniser.]
1. To make eternal or endless.
This other [gift] served but to eternize woe.
Milton.
2. To make forever famous; to immortalize; as,
to eternize one's self, a name, exploits.
St. Alban's battle won by famous York,
Shall be eternized in all age to come.
Shak.
E*te"sian (?), a. [L.
etesiae, pl., periodic winds, Gr. /, fr. / year:
cf. F. \'82t\'82sien.] Periodical; annual;
-- applied to winds which annually blow from the north over the
Mediterranean, esp. the eastern part, for an irregular period
during July and August.
Eth"al (?), n.
[Ether + alcohol: cf. F.
\'82thal.] (Chem.) A white waxy
solid, C16H33.OH; -- called also
cetylic alcohol. See Cetylic
alcohol, under Cetylic.
<-- usu. called cetyl alcohol. -->
Eth"ane (?), n. [From
Ether.] (Chem.) A gaseous
hydrocarbon, C2H6, forming a constituent of
ordinary illuminating gas. It is the second member of the
paraffin series, and its most important derivatives are common
alcohol, aldehyde, ether, and acetic acid. Called also
dimethyl.
Ethe (?), a. [See
Eath.] Easy. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Eth"el (?), a. [AS.
e/ele, \'91/ele. See
Atheling.] Noble. [Obs.]
Eth"ene (?), n. (Chem.)
Ethylene; olefiant gas.
E*then"ic (?), a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to, derived from. or resembling, ethene or
ethylene; as, ethenic ether.
Eth"e*nyl (?), n.
[Ethene + -yl.]
(Chem.) (a) A trivalent hydrocarbon
radical, CH3.C. (b) A
univalent hydrocarbon radical of the ethylene series,
CH2:CH; -- called also
vinyl. See Vinyl.
E`the*os"to*moid (?), a. [NL.
etheostoma name of a genus + -oid.]
(Zo\'94l.) Pertaining to, or like, the genus
Etheostoma. -- n. Any fish
of the genus Etheostoma and related genera, allied to
the perches; -- also called darter. The
etheostomoids are small and often bright-colored fishes
inhabiting the fresh waters of North America. About seventy
species are known. See Darter.
<-- e.g. the snail darter. -->
E"ther (?), n. [L.
aether, Gr. /, fr. / to light up, kindle, burn,
blaze; akin to Skr. idh, indh, and prob. to
E. idle: cf. F. \'82ther.]
>[Written also \'91ther.]
1. (Physics) A medium of great
elasticity and extreme tenuity, supposed to pervade all space,
the interior of solid bodies not excepted, and to be the medium
of transmission of light and heat; hence often called
luminiferous ether.
2. Supposed matter above the air; the air
itself.
3. (Chem.) (a) A light,
volatile, mobile, inflammable liquid, (C2H5)2O,
of a characteristic aromatic odor, obtained by the distillation
of alcohol with sulphuric acid, and hence called also
sulphuric ether. It is powerful solvent of
fats, resins, and pyroxylin, but finds its chief use as an
an\'91sthetic. Called also ethyl
oxide.<-- also commonly, ethyl
ether. --> (b) Any similar oxide of
hydrocarbon radicals; as, amyl ether; valeric
ether.
Complex ether, Mixed ether
(Chem.), an oxide of two different radicals in the
same molecule; as, ethyl methyl ether,
C2H5.O.CH3. -- Compound ether
(Chem.), an ethereal salt or a salt of some
hydrocarbon as the base; an ester. -- Ether
engine (Mach.), a condensing engine like a
steam engine, but operated by the vapor of ether instead of by
steam.
E*the"re*al (?), a.
1. Pertaining to the hypothetical upper, purer air,
or to the higher regions beyond the earth or beyond the
atmosphere; celestial; as, ethereal space;
ethereal regions.
Go, heavenly guest, ethereal messenger.
Milton.
2. Consisting of ether; hence, exceedingly light or
airy; tenuous; spiritlike; characterized by extreme delicacy, as
form, manner, thought, etc.
Vast chain of being, which from God began,
Natures ethereal, human, angel, man.
Pope.
3. (Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from,
or resembling, ether; as, ethereal salts.
Ethereal oil. (Chem.) See
Essential oil, under Essential. --
Ethereal oil of wine (Chem.), a heavy,
yellow, oily liquid consisting essentially of etherin, etherol,
and ethyl sulphate. It is the oily residuum left after
etherification. Called also heavy oil of wine
(distinguished from oil of wine, or \'d2nanthic
ether). -- Ethereal salt (Chem.),
a salt of some organic radical as a base; an ester.
E*the"re*al*ism (?), n.
Ethereality.
E*the`re*al"i*ty (?), n. The
state of being ethereal; etherealness.
Something of that ethereality of thought and manner
which belonged to Wordsworth's earlier lyrics.
J. C. Shairp.
E*the`re*al*i*za"tion (?), n.
An ethereal or spiritlike state.
J. H. Stirling.
E*the"re*al*ize (?), v. t.
1. To convert into ether, or into subtile fluid; to
saturate with ether.
2. To render ethereal or spiritlike.
Etherealized, moreover, by spiritual communications
with the other world.
Hawthorne.
E*the"re*al*ly, adv. In an ethereal
manner.
<-- p. 513 -->
E*the"re*al*ness (?), n.
Ethereality.
E*the"re*ous (?), a.
[L.aethereus, Gr. / See Ether.]
1. Formed of ether; ethereal.
[Obs.]
This ethereous mold whereon we stand.
Milton.
2. (Chem.) Pertaining to, or resembling,
either.
Ethereous oil. See Ethereal oil,
under Ethereal.
E*ther`i*fi*ca"tion (?), n.
(Chem.) The act or process of making ether;
specifically, the process by which a large quantity of alcohol is
transformed into ether by the agency of a small amount of
sulphuric, or ethyl sulphuric, acid.
E*ther"i*form (?), a.
[Ether + form.] Having the
form of ether.
E"ther*in, n. (Chem.) A
white, crystalline hydrocarbon, regarded as a polymeric variety
of ethylene, obtained in heavy oil of wine, the residue left
after making ether; -- formerly called also concrete oil
of wine.
E`ther*i*za"tion (?) n.
(Med.) (a) The administration of ether
to produce insensibility. (b) The state of
the system under the influence of ether.
E"ther*ize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Etherized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Etherizing
(?).] [Cf. F.
\'82th\'82riser.] 1. To convert
into ether.
2. To render insensible by means of ether, as by
inhalation; as, to etherize a patient.
E"ther*ol (?), n.
[Ether + L. oleum oil.]
(Chem.) An oily hydrocarbon regarded as a
polymeric variety of ethylene, produced with etherin.
{ Eth"ic (?), Eth"ic*al
(?), } a. [L. ethicus,
Gr. /, fr. / custom, usage, character, dwelling; akin to /
custom, Goth. sidus, G. sitte, Skr.
svadh/, prob. orig., one's own doing; sva
self + dh/ to set: cf. F. \'82thique. See
So, Do.] Of, or belonging to,
morals; treating of the moral feelings or duties; containing
percepts of morality; moral; as, ethic discourses or
epistles; an ethical system; ethical
philosophy.
The ethical meaning of the miracles.
Trench.
Ethical dative (Gram.), a use of
the dative of a pronoun to signify that the person or thing
spoken of is regarded with interest by some one; as, Quid
mihi Celsus agit? How does my friend Celsus
do?
Eth"ic*al*ly, adv. According to, in
harmony with, moral principles or character.
Eth"i*cist (?), n. One who is
versed in ethics, or has written on ethics.
Eth"ics (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82thique. See Ethic.] The
science of human duty; the body of rules of duty drawn from this
science; a particular system of principles and rules concerting
duty, whether true or false; rules of practice in respect to a
single class of human actions; as, political or social
ethics; medical ethics.
The completeness and consistency of its morality is the
peculiar praise of the ethics which the Bible has
taught.
I. Taylor.
Eth"ide (?), n. (Chem.)
Any compound of ethyl of a binary type; as, potassium
ethide.
Eth"i*dene (?), n. [From
Ether.] (Chem.) Ethylidene.
[Obs.]
Eth"ine (?), n. (Chem.)
Acetylene.
Eth`i*on"ic (?), a.
[Ethyl + thionic.]
(Chem.) Pertaining to, derived from, or
designating, an acid so called.
Ethionic acid (Chem.), a liquid
derivative of ethylsulphuric and sulphuric (thionic) acids,
obtained by the action of sulphur trioxide on absolute
alcohol.
{ E"thi*op (?), E`thi*o"pi*an
(?) }, n. [L. Aethiops,
Gr. /; / to burn + / face.] A native or
inhabitant of Ethiopia; also, in a general sense, a negro or
black man.
{ E`thi*o"pi*an, E`thi*op"ic (?),
} a. Of or relating to Ethiopia or the
Ethiopians.
E`thi*op"ic, n. The language of ancient
Ethiopia; the language of the ancient Abyssinian empire (in
Ethiopia), now used only in the Abyssinian church. It is of
Semitic origin, and is also called Geez.
E"thi*ops (?) n. [NL. See
Ethiop.] (Old Chem.) A black
substance; -- formerly applied to various preparations of a black
or very dark color. [Written also
\'92thiops.] [Obs.]
Ethiops martial (Old Chem.), black
oxide of iron. -- Ethiops mineral (Old
Chem.), black sulphide of mercury, obtained by
triturating mercury with sulphur. -- Ethiops per
se (Old Chem.), mercury in finely divided
state, having the appearance of a dark powder, obtained by
shaking it up or by exposure to the air.
{ Eth"moid (?), Eth*moid"al
(?), } a. [Gr. / like a sieve;
/ sieve + / from: cf. F. ethmo\'8bde,
ethmo\'8bdal.] (Anat.) (a)
Like a sieve; cribriform. (b) Pertaining
to, or in the region of, the ethmoid bone.
Ethmoid bone (Anat.), a bone of
complicated structure through which the olfactory nerves pass out
of the cranium and over which they are largely
distributed.
Eth"moid (?) n. (Anat.)
The ethmoid bone.
Eth`mo*tru"bi*nal (?), a.
[Ethmoid + turbinal.] See
Turbinal. -- n. An
ethmoturbinal bone.
Eth`mo*vo"mer*ine (?), n.
[Ethmoid + vomerine.]
(Anat.) Pertaining to the region of the vomer and
the base of the ethmoid in the skull.
Ethmovomerine plate (Anat.), a
cartilaginous plate beneath the front of the fetal brain which
the ethmoid region of the skull is developed.
Eth"narch (?), n. [Gr. /; /
nation + / leader, commander. See -arch.]
(Gr. Antiq.) The governor of a province or
people.
Lew Wallace.
Eth"narch*y (?) n. [Gr.
/.] The dominion of an ethnarch; principality and
rule.
Wright.
{ Eth"nic (?), Eth"nic*al
(?), } a. [L. ethnicus,
Gr. /, fr. / nation, / / the nations, heathens, gentiles:
cf. F. ethnique.] 1. Belonging to
races or nations; based on distinctions of race;
ethnological.
2. Pertaining to the gentiles, or nations not
converted to Christianity; heathen; pagan; -- opposed to
Jewish and Christian.
Eth"nic (?) n. A heathen; a
pagan. [Obs.]
No better reported than impure ethnic and lay
dogs.
Milton.
Eth"nic*al*ly (?), adv. In an
ethnical manner.
Eth"ni*cism (?) n. Heathenism;
paganism; idolatry. [Obs.] \'bdTaint of
ethnicism.\'b8
B. Jonson.
Eth*nog"ra*pher (?) n. One who
investigates ethnography.
{ Eth`no*graph"ic (?),
Eth`no*graph"ic*al (?), }. a.
[Cf. F. ethnographique.] pertaining to
ethnography.
Eth`no*graph"ic*al*ly, adv. In an
ethnographical manner.
Eth*nog"ra*phy (?), n. [Gr. /
nation + -graphy: cf. F.
ethnographie.] That branch of knowledge
which has for its subject the characteristics of the human
family, developing the details with which ethnology as a
comparative science deals; descriptive ethnology. See
Ethnology.
{ Eth`no*log"ic (?),
Eth`no*log"ic*al (?), } a
Of or pertaining to ethnology.
Eth`no*log"ic*al*ly, adv. In an
ethnological manner; by ethnological classification; as, one
belonging ethnologically to an African race.
Eth*nol"o*gist (?), n. One
versed in ethnology; a student of ethnology.
Eth*nol"o*gy (?) n. [Gr. /
nation + -logy.] The science which treats
of the division of mankind into races, their origin,
distribution, and relations, and the peculiarities which
characterize them.
{ Eth`o*log"ic (?),
Eth`o*log"ic*al (?), } a
[See Ethology.] treating of, or
pertaining to, ethnic or morality, or the science of
character.
J. S. Mill.
E*thol"o*gist (?) n. One who
studies or writes upon ethology.
E*thol"o*gy (?), n. [Gr. / a
depicting of character; / custom, moral nature + / to
speak.]
1. A treatise on morality; ethics.
2. The science of the formation of character,
national and collective as well as individual.
J. S. Mill.
Eth"o*po*et"ic (?). [Gr. /; / custom,
manners + / to make or form.] Expressing
character. [Obs.]
Urquhart.
Eth"ule (?) [Ether + Gr. / substance,
base. Cf. Ethyl, and see -yl.]
(Chem.) Ethyl. [Obs.]
Eth"yl (?), n.
[Ether + -yl.]
(Chem.) A monatomic, hydrocarbon radical,
C2H5 of the paraffin series, forming the
essential radical of ethane, and of common alcohol and
ether.
Ethyl aldehyde. (Chem.) See
Aldehyde.
Eth`yl*am"ine (?), n.
[Ethyl + amine.]
(Chem.) A colorless, mobile, inflammable liquid,
C2H5.NH2, very volatile and with an ammoniacal
odor. It is a strong base, and is a derivative of ammonia. Called
also ethyl carbamine, and amido
ethane.
Eth"yl*ate (?). [From
Ethyl.] (Chem.) A compound derived
from ethyl alcohol by the replacement of the hydroxyl hydrogen,
after the manner of a hydrate; an ethyl alcoholate; as,
potassium ethylate,
C2H5.O.K.
Eth"yl*ene (?), n.
[From Ethyl.]
(Chem.) A colorless, gaseous hydrocarbon,
C2H4, forming an important ingredient of
illuminating gas, and also obtained by the action of concentrated
sulphuric acid in alcohol. It is an unsaturated compound and
combines directly with chlorine and bromine to form oily liquids
(Dutch liquid), -- hence called olefiant gas.
Called also ethene, elayl,
and formerly, bicarbureted hydrogen.
<-- is effective in hastening the ripening of certain fruits. -->
Ethylene series (Chem.), the series
if unsaturated hydrocarbons of which ethylene is the type, and
represented by the general formula
CnH2n.
E*thyl"ic (?). (Chem.)
Pertaining to, derived from, or containing, ethyl; as,
ethylic alcohol.
E*thyl"i*dene (?). (Chem.) An
unsymmetrical, divalent, hydrocarbon radical,
C2H4 metameric with ethylene but written thus,
CH3.CH to distinguish it from the symmetrical
ethylene, CH2.CH2. Its compounds are derived
from aldehyde. Formerly called also
ethidene.
Eth"yl*in (?). (Chem.) Any one
of the several complex ethers of ethyl and glycerin.
Eth`yl*sul*phu"ric (?) a.
(Chem.) Pertaining to, or containing, ethyl and
sulphuric acid.
Ethylsulphuric acid (Chem.), an
acid sulphate of ethyl, H.C2H5.SO4, produced as
a thick liquid by the action of sulphiric acid on alcohol. It
appears to be the active catalytic agent in the process of
etherification.
E"ti*o*late (?). v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Etiolated
(#); p. pr. & vb. n.
Etiolating.] [F. \'82tioler
to blanch.] 1. To become white or whiter; to
be whitened or blanched by excluding the light of the sun, as,
plants.
2. (Med.) To become pale through disease
or absence of light.
E"ti*o*late, v. t. 1. To
blanch; to bleach; to whiten by depriving of the sun's
rays.
2. (Med.) To cause to grow pale by
disease or absence of light.
{ E"ti*o*late (?), E"ti*o*la`ted,
} a. Having a blanched or faded appearance,
as birds inhabiting desert regions.
E`ti*o*la"tion (?), n. 1.
The operation of blanching plants, by excluding the light of
the sun; the condition of a blanched plant.
2. (Med.) Paleness produced by absence
of light, or by disease.
Dunglison.
E"to*o*lin (?), n. [See
Etiolate.] (Bot.) A yellowish
coloring matter found in plants grown in darkness, which is
supposed to be an antecedent condition of chlorophyll.
Encyc. Brit.
E`ti*o*log"ic*al (?), a.
Pertaining to, or inquiring into, causes;
\'91tiological.
E`ti*ol"o*gy (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82tiologie.] The science of causes. Same
as /tiology.
Et"i*quette` (?), n. [F. prop.,
a little piece of paper, or a mark or title, affixed to a bag or
bundle, expressing its contents, a label, ticket,
OF.estiquete, of German origin; cf. LG.
stikke peg, pin, tack, stikken to stick, G.
stecken. See Stick, and cf.
Ticket.] The forms required by good breeding,
or prescribed by authority, to be observed in social or official
life; observance of the proprieties of rank and occasion;
conventional decorum; ceremonial code of polite society.
The pompous etiquette to the court of Louis the
Fourteenth.
Prescott.
Et"na (?), n. A kind of small,
portable, cooking apparatus for which heat is furnished by a
spirit lamp.
There should certainly be an etna for getting a hot
cup of coffee in a hurry.
V. Baker.
Et*ne"an (?), a. [L.
Aetnaeus, Gr. /, fr./ (L.
Aetna, Aetne).] Pertaining to
Etna, a volcanic mountain in Sicily.
\'d8E`toile" (?), n. [F.]
(Her.) See Estoile.
E*tru"ri*an (?), a. Of or
relating to ancient Etruria, in Italy. \'bdEtrurian
Shades.\'b8 Milton, -- n. A
native or inhabitant of ancient Etruria.
E*trus"can (?), n. [L.
Etruscus.] Of or relating to Etruria.
-- n. A native or inhabitant of
Etruria.
Et"ter pike` (?), n. [Cf.
Atter.] (Zo\'94l.) The stingfish,
or lesser weever (Tranchinus vipera).
Et"tin (?), n. [SA.
eten, eoten, orig., gluttonous, fr.
etan to eat.] A giant.
[Obs.]
Beau & Fl.
Et"tle (?), v. t. [Perh. the
same word as addle to earn; bur cf. OE.
atlien, etlien, to intend, prepare, Icel.
\'91tla to think, suppose, mean.] To earn.
[Obs.] See Addle, to earn.
Boucher.
\'d8E`tude" (?), n. [F. See
Study.] 1. A composition in the fine
arts which is intended, or may serve, for a study.
2. (Mus.) A study; an exercise; a piece
for practice of some special point of technical execution.
\'d8E`tul" (?), n. [F.]
A case for one several small articles; esp., a box in which
scissors, tweezers, and other articles of toilet or of daily use
are carried.
Et*wee" (?), n. See
/tui.
Shenstone.
Et"ym (?), n. See
Etymon.
H. F. Talbot.
E*tym"ic (?), a. Relating to
the etymon; as, an etymic word.
Et`y*mol"o*ger (?), n. An
etymologist.
Et`y*mo*log"ic*al (?), a. [L.
etymologicus, Gr. /: cf. F.
\'82timilogique. See Etymology.]
Pertaining to etymology, or the derivation of words.
-- Et`y*mo*log"ic*al*ly,
adv.
\'d8Et`y*mo*log"i*con (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. /, prop. neut. sing. from /.]
an etymological dictionary or manual.
Et`y*mol"o*gist (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82tymologiste.] One who investigates the
derivation of words.
Et`y*mol"o*gize (?), v. t. [Cf.
F. \'82tymologiser.] To give the etymology
of; to trace to the root or primitive, as a word.
Camden
Et`y*mol"o*gize, v. t. To search into
the origin of words; to deduce words from their simple
roots.
How perilous it is to etymologize at random.
Trench.
Et`y*mol"o*gy (?), n.; pl.
Etymologies (#).
[L.etymologia, Gr. /; / etymon + /
discourse, description: cf. F. \'82tymologie. See
Etymon, and -logy.] 1. That
branch of philological science which treats of the history of
words, tracing out their origin, primitive significance, and
changes of from and meaning.
2. That pert of grammar which relates to the
changes in the form of the words in a language; inflection.
Et"y*mon (?), n.; pl. E.
Etymons (#), Gr. Etyma
(#). [L., fr. Gr. / the true literal sense
of a word according to its derivation, an etymon, fr. / true,
real, prob, akin to Skr. sotya, E. sooth.
See Sooth.] 1. An original form; primitive
word; root.
2. Original or fundamental signification.
[R.]
Given as the etymon or genuine sense of the
word.
Coleridge.
E*typ"ic*al (?), a. [Pref.
e- + typical.] (Biol.)
Diverging from, or lacking conformity to, a type.
\'d8Eu (?). [Gr. / well, orig. neut. of
/ good; prob. connected with Skr. su, from the same
root as E. is; or with Skr. vasu good,
prob. fr. the same root as E. was.] A
prefix used frequently in composition, signifying
well, good, advantageous; -- the
opposite of dys-.
Eu*cai"rite (?), n. [Gr. /
seasonable, opportune; / well, good + / season.]
(Min.) A metallic mineral, a selenide of copper
and silver; -- so called by Berzelius on account of its being
found soon after the discovery of the metal selenium.
Eu"ca*lyn (?), n. (Chem.)
An unfermentable sugar, obtained as an uncrystallizable
sirup by the decomposition of melitose; also obtained from a
Tasmanian eucalyptus, -- whence its name.
Eu`ca*lyp*tol (?), n.
[Eucalyptus + L. oleum oil.]
(Chem.) A volatile, terpenelike oil extracted
from the eucalyptus, and consisting largely of cymene.
\'d8Eu`ca*lyp"tus (?), n. [NL.,
from GR. / well, good + / covered. The buds of Eucalyptus
have a hemispherical or conical covering, which falls off at
anthesis.] (Bot.) A myrtaceous genus of
trees, mostly Australian. Many of them grow to an immense height,
one or two species exceeding the height even of the California
Sequoia.
gum trees, and their timber is of great
value. Eucalyptus Globulus is the blue gum; E.
aigantea, the stringy bark: E. amygdalina, the
peppermint tree. E. Gunnii, the Tasmanian cider tree,
yields a refreshing drink from wounds made in the bark in the
spring. Center species yield oils, tars, acids, dyes and tans. It
is said that miasmatic valleys in Algeria and Portugal, and a
part of the unhealthy Roman Campagna, have been made more
salubrious by planting groves of these trees.
\'d8Eu"cha*ris (?), n. [NL.,
fr. L. eucharis agreeable, Gr. / See
Eucharist.] (Bot.) A genus of
South American amaryllidaceous plants with large and beautiful
white blossoms.
Eu"cha*rist (?), n. [L.
euchaistia, Gr. /, lit., a giving of banks; / +
/ favor, grace, banks; akin to / to rejoice, nd prob. to
yearn: cf. F. euchaistie.]
1. The act of giving thanks; thanksgiving.
[Obs.]
Led through the vale of tears to the region of
eucharist and hallelujahs.
South.
2. (Eccl.) The sacrament of the Lord's
Supper; the solemn act of ceremony of commemorating the death of
Christ, in the use of bread and wine, as the appointed emblems;
the communion.
-- See Sacrament.
{ Eu`cha*ris"tic (?),
Eu`cha*ris"tic*al (?), } a.
[Cf. F. eucharistie.] 1.
Giving thanks; expressing thankfulness; rejoicing.
[Obs.]
The eucharistical part of our daily devotions.
Ray.
2. Pertaining to the Lord's Supper. \'bdThe
eucharistic sacrament.\'b8
Sir. G. C. Lewis.
Eu"chite (?), n. [From Gr. /
to pray.] One who resolves religion into prayer.
[Obs.]
Gauden.
Eu*chlo"ric (?), a. [Gr. /
fresh and green; / well + / pale green.]
(Chem.) Relating to, or consisting of,
euchlorine; as, euchloric /.
Davy.
Eu*chlo"rine (?), n. [Cf. F.
euchlorine. See Euchloric.]
(Chem.) A yellow or greenish yellow gas, first
prepared by Davy, evolved from potassium chlorate and
hydrochloric acid. It is supposed to consist of chlorine
tetroxide with some free chlorine.
{ \'d8Eu`cho*lo"gi*on (?),
Eu*chol"o*gy (?), } n.
[NL. euchologion, Gr. / prayer book; /
prayer, vow (fr. / to pray) + / to say, speak.]
(Eccl.) A formulary of prayers; the book of
offices in the Greek Church, containing the liturgy, sacraments,
and forms of prayers.
Eu"cho*logue, n. [F.
euchologe.] Euchology.
[R.]
Eu"chre (?), n. [Perh. from F.
\'82cart\'82.] A game at cards, that may be
played by two, three, or four persons, the highest card (except
when an extra card called the Joker is used) being the knave of
the same suit as the trump, and called right bower,
the lowest card used being the seven, or frequently, in
two-handed euchre, the nine spot. See Bower.
Eu"chre, v. t. 1. To defeat, in
a game of euchre, the side that named the trump.
2. To defeat or foil thoroughly in any
scheme. [Slang.]
Eu*chro"ic (?), a. [Gr. /
well-colored; / well + / color.] (Chem.)
Having a fine color.
Euchroic acid (Chem.), an organic,
imide acid, obtained as a colorless crystalline substance,
C12H4N2O8 by heating an ammonium salt of
mellitic acid. By reduction it is changed to a dark blue
substance (euchrone), -- hence its name.
Eu"chro*ite (?), n. [See
Euchroic.] (Min.) A mineral
occurring in transparent emerald green crystals. It is hydrous
arseniate of copper.
Eu"chrone (?) n. (Chem.)
A substance obtained from euchroic acid. See
Eychroic.
Eu"chy*my (?), n. [Gr. / well
+ / juice liquid. See Chyme.] (Med.)
A good state of he blood and other fluids of the body.
Eu"clase (?) n. [Gr. / well,
easily + / to break. Cf. F. euclase, G.
euklas. See named from its brittleness.]
(Min.) A brittle gem occurring in light green,
transparent crystals, affording a brilliant clinodiagonal
cleavage. It is a silicate of alumina and glucina.
Eu"clid (?), n. A Greek
geometer of the 3d century /; also, his treatise on geometry,
and hence, the principles of geometry, in general.
Eu*clid"i*an (?), n. Related to
Euclid, or to the geometry of Euclid.
Euclidian space (Geom.), the kind
of space to which the axioms and definitions of Euclid, relative
to straight lines and parallel lines, apply; -- called also
flat space, and homaloidal
space.
\'d8Eu`co*pep"o*da (?), n. pl.
[NL. See Eu- and Copepoda.]
(Zo\'94l.) A group which includes the typical
copepods and the lerneans.
Eu"cra*sy (?). [Gr. /; /,
wellcempered; / well + / to mix, temper: cf. F.
eucrasie.] (Med.) Such a due
mixture of qualities in bodies as constitutes health or
soundness.
Quincy.
Euc"tic*al (?) [Gr. /, fr. / to pray,
wish.] Expecting a wish; supplicatory.
[R.]
Sacrifices . . . distinguished into expiatory,
euctical, and eucharistical.
Bp. Law.
{ Eu*de"mon, Eu*d\'91"mon (?)
}, n. [Gr. / well, good + / one's
demon.] A good angel.
Southey.
{ Eu`de*mon"ics, Eu`d\'91*mon"ics
(?) }, n. [Gr. / conducive to
happiness. See Eudemonism.] That part of
moral philosophy which treats of happiness; the science of
happiness; -- contrasted with aretaics.
J. Grote.
{ Eu*de"mon*ism, Eu*d\'91"mon*ism
(?) }, n. [Gr. / a thinking
happy, fr, / blessed with a good genius, happy; / well, good
+ / one's demon of genius. See Demon.] That
system of ethics which defines and enforces moral obligation by
its relation to happiness or personal well-being.
{ Eu*de"mon*ist, Eu*d\'91"mon*ist
}, n. One who believes in eudemonism.
I am too much of a eud\'91monist; I hanker too much
after a state of happiness both for myself and others.
De Quincey.
{ Eu*de`mon*is"tic , Eu*d\'91`mon*is"tic
(?) }, a. Of or pertaining to
eudemonism.
{ Eu*de`mon*is"tic*al,
Eu*d\'91`mon*is"tic*al (?) },
a. Eudemonistic.
Eu*di"a*lyte (?), n. [Gr. /
well easily + / to dissolve. So called because easily
dissolvable in acids.] (Min.) A mineral of
a brownish red color and vitreous luster, consisting chiefly of
the silicates of iron, zirconia, and lime.
Eu`di*om"e*ter (?), n. [Gr. /
fair, clear weather, fr. / fine, clear ( said of the air or
weather) + -meter: cf. F.
ediom\'8atre.] (Chem.) An
instrument for the volumetric measurement of gases; -- so named
because frequently used to determine the purity of the air.
Burette. Use's
ediometer has the tube bent in the form of the letter.
U.
{ Eu`di*o*met"ric (?),
Eu`di*o*met"ric*al (?), } a.
Of or pertaining to a eudiometer; as,
eudiometrical experiments or results.
Eu`di*om"e*try (?), n. [Cf. F.
eudiom\'82trie.] (Chem.) The art
or process of determining he constituents of a gaseous mixture by
means of the eudiometer, or for ascertaining the purity of the
air or the amount of oxygen in it.
\'d8Eu`di*pleu"ra (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Gr. / well + / double + / rib,/,
pl.,side.] (Biol.) The fundamental forms of
organic life, that are composed of two equal and symmetrical
halves.
Syd. Soc. Lex.
Eu*dox"i*an (?), n. (Eccl.
Hist.) A follower of Eudoxius, patriarch of Antioch
and Constantinople in the 4th century, and a celebrated defender
of the doctrines of Arius.
\'d8Eu`ga*noi"de*i (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. GR. / well + NL. ganoidei. See
Ganoid.] (Zo\'94l) A group which
includes the bony ganoids, as the gar pikes.
\'d8Eu"ge (?), n. [L., well
done! bravo! Gr. /.] Applause.
[Obs.]
Hammond.
\'d8Eu*ge"ui*a (?), n. [NL.
Named in honor of Prince Eugene of Savoy.]
(Bot.) A genus of mytraceous plants, mostly of
tropical countries, and including several aromatic trees and
shrubs, among which are the trees which produce allspice and
cloves of commerce.
Eu*gen"ic (?), a. [See
Eugenia.] (Chem.) Pertaining to,
or derived from, cloves; as, eugenic
acid.
Eu*den"ic (?), a. [Gr.
/.] Well-born; of high birth.
Atlantic Monthly.
Eu*gen"ics (?), n. The science
of improving stock, whether human or animal.
F. Galton.
Eu"ge*nin (?), n. (Chem.)
A colorless, crystalline substance extracted from oil of
cloves; -- called also clove camphor.
Eu"ge*nol (?), n.
[Eugenia + -ol.]
(Chem.) A colorless, aromatic, liquid
hydrocarbon, C10H12O2 resembling the phenols,
and hence also called eugenic acid. It is
found in the oils of pimento and cloves.
<-- used as an analgesic in dentistry. -->
Eu"ge*ny (?). [Gr. /, fr. / well born;
/ well + / race.] Nobleness of birth.
[Obs.]
{ Eu*get"ic (?), Eu`ge*tin"ic
(?), } a. (Chem)
Pertaining to, or derived from, eugenol; as,
eugetic acid.
Eugh (?), n. [See
Yew.] The yew. [Obs.]
Dryden.
{ Eu*gu"bi*an (?), Eu"gu*bine
(?), } a. Of or pertaining to the
ancient town of Eugubium (now Gubbio); as, the
Eugubine tablets, or tables, or inscriptions.
Eu`har*mon"ic (?), a. [Pref.
-eu + harmonic.] (Mus.)
Producing mathematically perfect harmony or concord; sweetly
or perfectly harmonious.
Eu*hem"er*ism (?) n. [L.
Euhemerus, Gr. / a philosopher, about 300
/.] The theory, held by Euhemerus, that the gods of
mythology were but deified mortals, and their deeds only the
amplification in imagination of human acts.
Eu*hem"er*ist, n. One who advocates
euhemerism.
Eu*hem`er*is"tic (?), a. Of or
pertaining to euhemerism.
Eu*hem"er*ize (?) v. t. To
interpret (mythology) on the theory of euhemerism.
\'d8Eu`i*sop"o*da (?). pl.
[NL. See Eu- and Isopoda.]
(Zo\'94l.) A group which includes the typical
Isopoda.
\'d8Eu"la*chon (?), n. [Native
Indian name.] (Zo\'94l.) The candlefish.
[Written also oulachan, oolacan, and
ulikon.] See Candlefish.
Eu*le"ri*an (?) a. Pertaining
Euler, a German mathematician of the 18th century.
Eulerian integrals, certain definite integrals
whose properties were first investigated by Euler.
{ Eu*log"ic (?), Eu*log"ic*al
(?), } a. [See
Eulogy.] Bestowing praise of eulogy;
commendatory; eulogistic. [R.] --
Eu*log"ic*al*ly, adv.
[R.]
Eu"lo*gist (?) n. One who
eulogizes or praises; panegyrist; encomiast.
Buckle.
{ Eu`lo*gis"tic (?),
Eu`lo*gis"tic*al (?), } a.
Of or pertaining to eulogy; characterized by eulogy;
bestowing praise; panegyrical; commendatory; laudatory; as,
eulogistic speech or discourse. --
Eu"lo*gis"tic*al*ly,
adv.
Eu*lo"gi*um (?) n.; pl.
Eulogiums (#). [LL., fr. Gr. /
eulogy.] A formal eulogy.
Smollett.
Eu"lo*gize (?) v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Eulogized. (/);
p. pr. & vb. n. Eulogizing
(?).] To speak or write in commendation
of (another); to extol in speech or writing; to praise.
Eu"lo*gy (?), n.; pl.
Eulogies (#). [Gr. /, from /
well speaking; / well + / to speak. Cf. Eulogium,
and see Legend.] A speech or writing in
commendation of the character or services of a person; as, a
fitting eulogy to worth.
Eulogies turn into elegies.
Spenser.
Syn. -- Encomium; praise; panegyric; applause.
-- Eulogy, Eulogium, Encomium,
Panegyric. The idea of praise is common to all these
words. The word encomium is used of both persons and
things which are the result of human action, and denotes warm
praise. Eulogium and eulogy apply only to
persons and are more studied and of greater length. A
panegyric was originally a set speech in a full
assembly of the people, and hence denotes a more formal
eulogy, couched in terms of warm and continuous
praise, especially as to personal character. We may bestow
encomiums on any work of art, on production of genius,
without reference to the performer; we bestow
eulogies, or pronounce a eulogium, upon
some individual distinguished for his merit public services; we
pronounce a panegyric before an assembly gathered for
the occasion.
Eu"ly*tite (?), n. [Gr. /
well + / to dissolve.] (Min.) a mineral,
consisting chiefly of the silicate of bismuth, found at Freiberg;
-- called also culytine.
\'d8Eu*men"i*des (?), n. pl.
[L., from Gr. / lit., gracious goddesses.]
(Class. Myth.) A euphemistic name for the Furies
of Erinyes.
\'d8Eu*mol"pus (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / sweetly singing.] (Zo\'94l.) A
genus of small beetles, one species of which (E. viti)
is very injurious to the vines in the wine countries of
Europe.
Eu*no"mi*an (?), n. (Eccl.
Hist.) A follower of Eunomius, bishop of Cyzicus (4th
century A. D.), who held that Christ was not God but a
created being, having a nature different from that of the
Father. -- a. Of or pertaining to
Eunomius or his doctrine.
Eu"no*my (?), n. [Gr. /; /
well + / law.] Equal law, or a well-adjusted
constitution of government. [R.]
Mitford.
Eu"nuch (?), n. [L.
eunuchus, Gr. /, prop., keeping or guarding the
couch; / couch, bed, + / to have, hold, keep.] A
male of the human species castrated; commonly, one of a class of
such persons, in Oriental countries, having charge of the women's
apartments. Some of them, in former times, gained high official
rank.
{ Eu"nuch (?), Eu"nuch*ate,
} v. t. [L. eunuchare.]
To make a eunuch of; to castrate. as a man.
Creech. Sir. T. Browne.
Eu"nuch*ism (?), n. [L.
eunuchismus an unmanning, Gr. /: cf. F.
eunuchisme eunuchism.] The state of being
eunuch.
Bp. Hall.
Eu*on"y*min (?), n.
(Med.) A principle or mixture of principles
derived from Euonymus atropurpureus, or spindle
tree.
\'d8Eu*on"y*mus (?), n. [NL.
(cf. L. euonymos). fr. Gr. /, lit., of good
name.] (Bot.) A genus of small European and
American trees; the spindle tree. The bark is used as a
cathartic.
\'d8Eu`or*ni"thes (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr., Gr. / well + /, / a bird.]
(Zo\'94l.) The division of Aves which includes
all the typical birds, or all living birds except the penguins
and birds of ostrichlike form.
Eu*os"mitte (?), n. [Gr. /
well + / a smell.] (Min.) A fossil resin,
so called from its strong, peculiar, pleasant odor.
Eu"pa*thy (?), n. [Gr. /
comfort, happy condition of the soul. See Eu-, and
Pathetic.] Right feeling.
[R.]
Harris.
{ Eu*pat"o*rin Eu*pat"o*rine } (?),
n. (Med.) A principle or mixture of
principles extracted from various species of Eupatorium.
Eu`pa*to"ri*um (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Eupator, king of Pontus, said to have used it as a
medicine.] (Bot.) A genus of perennial,
composite herbs including hemp agrimony, boneset, throughwort,
etc.
Eu"pa*trid (?), n. [Gr. /
well + / father.] One well born, or of noble
birth.
{ \'d8Eu*pep"si*a (?), Eu*pep"sy
(?), } n. [NL.
eupepsia, Fr. Gr. /, fr. / easy of digestion; /
well + / to cook, digest.] (Med.)
Soundness of the nutritive or digestive organs; good
concoction or digestion; -- opposed to
dyspepsia.
Eu*pep"tic (?), a. [Gr.
/.] Of or pertaining to good digestion; easy of
digestion; having a good digestion; as, eupeptic
food; an eupeptic man.
Wrapt in lazy eupeptic fat.
Carlyle.
Eu"phe*mism (?), n. [Gr. /
fr. / to use word of a good omen; / well + / to speak: cf.
F. euph\'82misme. See Fame.]
(Rhet.) A figure in which a harts or indelicate
word or expression is softened; a way of describing an offensive
thing by an inoffensive expression; a mild name for something
disagreeable.
{ Eu`phe*mis"tic (?),
Eu`phe*mis"tic*al (?), } a.
Pertaining to euphemism; containing a euphemism; softened in
expression. -- Eu`phe*mis"tic*al*ly,
adv.
Eu"phe*mize (?), v. t. & i.
[imp. & p. p. Euphemized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Euphemizing.] [Gr. / .] To
express by a euphemism, or in delicate language; to make use of
euphemistic expressions.
Eu*pho"ni*ad (?), n. [See
Euphony.] (Mus.) An instrument in
which are combined the characteristic tones of the organ and
various other instruments. [R.]
{ Eu*phon"ic (?), Eu*phon"ic*al
(?), } a. Pertaining to, or
exhibiting, euphony; agreeable in sound; pleasing to the ear;
euphonious; as, a euphonic expression;
euphonical orthography.
<-- p. 515 -->
Eu*phon"i*con (?), n. [See
Euphony.] (Mus.) A kind of uptight
piano.
Eu*pho"ni*ous (?), a. Pleasing
or sweet in sound; euphonic; smooth-sounding.
Hallam. -- Eu*pho"ni*ous*ly,
adv.
Eu"pho*nism (?), n. An
agreeable combination of sounds; euphony.
Eu*pho"ni*um (?), n. [NL. See
Euphony.] (Mus.) A bass instrument
of the saxhorn family.
Eu"pho*nize (?), v. t. To make
euphonic. [R.]
Eu"pho*non (?), n. [See
Euphony.] (Mus.) An instrument
resembling the organ in tine and the upright piano in form. It is
characterized by great strength and sweetness of tone.
Eu"pho*nous (?), n.
Euphonious. [R.]
Eu"pho*ny (?), n.; pl.
Euphonies (#). [L.
euphonia, Gr. /, fr. / sweet-voiced; / well +
/ sound, voice; akin to / to speak: cf. F.
euphonie.] A pleasing or sweet sound; an
easy, smooth enunciation of sounds; a pronunciation of letters
and syllables which is pleasing to the ear.
\'d8Eu*phor"bi*a (?), n. [NL.,
fr. L. euphorbea. See Euphorrium.]
(Bot.) Spurge, or bastard spurge, a genus of
plants of many species, mostly shrubby, herbaceous succulents,
affording an acrid, milky juice. Some of them are armed with
thorns. Most of them yield powerful emetic and cathartic
products.
{ Eu*phor`bi*a"ceous (?),
Eu*phor"bi*al (?), } a.
(Bot.) Of, relating to, or resembling, the
Euphorbia family.
{ Eu*phor"bin Eu*phor"bine } (?),
n. (Med.) A principle, or mixture of
principles, derived from various species of Euphorbia.
Eu*phor"bi*um (?), n. [NL., fr.
L. euphorbeum, from Gr. /; -- so called after
Euphorbus, a Greek physician.] (Med.)
An inodorous exudation, usually in the form of yellow tears,
produced chiefly by the African Euphorbia resinifrea.
It was formerly employed medicinally, but was found so violent in
its effects that its use is nearly abandoned.
Eu"pho*tide (?), n. [Gr. /
well + /, /, light. So called because of its pleasing
combination of white and green.] (Min.) A
rock occurring in the Alps, consisting of saussurite and
smaragdite; -- sometimes called gabbro.
Eu"phra*sy (?), n. [NL.
euphrasia, fr. Gr. / delight, fr. / to delight;
/ well + / heart, mind: cf. LL. eufrasia, F.
eufrasie.] (Bot.) The plant
eyesight (euphrasia officionalis), formerly regarded
as beneficial in disorders of the eyes.
Then purged with euphrasy and rue
The visual nerve, for he had much to see.
Milton.
Eu"phroe (?), n. [Etymol.
uncertain.] A block or long slat of wood, perforated
for the passage of the crowfoot, or cords by which an awning is
held up. [Written also uphroe and
uvrou.]
Knight.
Eu"phu*ism (?), n. [Gr. /
well grown, graceful; / well + / growth, fr. / to grow.
This affected style of conversation and writing, fashionable for
some time in the court of Elizabeth, had its origin from the fame
of Lyly's books, \'bdEuphues, or the Anatomy of
Wit,\'b8 and \'bdEuphues and his England.\'b8]
(Rhet.) An affectation of excessive elegance and
refinement of language; high-flown diction.
Eu"phu*ist, n. One who affects excessive
refinement and elegance of language; -- applied esp. to a class
of writers, in the age of Elizabeth, whose productions are marked
by affected conceits and high-flown diction.
Eu`phu*is"tic (?), a. Belonging
to the euphuists, or euphuism; affectedly refined.
Eu"phu*ize (?), v. t. To affect
excessive refinement in language; to be overnice in
expression.
Eu"pi*one (?), n. [Gr. / very
fat; / well + / fat.] (Chem.) A limpid,
oily liquid obtained by the destructive distillation of various
vegetable and animal substances; -- specifically, an oil
consisting largely of the higher hydrocarbons of the paraffin
series. [Written also eupion.]
Eu*pit"tone (?), n. [Pref.
eu- + pittacal + -one.]
(Chem.) A yellow, crystalline substance,
resembling aurin, and obtained by the oxidation of pittacal; --
called also eupittonic acid.
[Written also eupitton.]
Eu`pit*ton"ic (?), a.
(Chem.) Pertaining to, or derived from,
eupittone.
Eu*plas"tic (?), a. [Pref.
eu- + -plastic.] (Med.)
Having the capacity of becoming organizable in a high
degree, as the matter forming the false membranes which sometimes
result from acute inflammation in a healthy person.
Dunglison.
Eu*plas"tic, n. (Med.)
Organizable substance by which the tissues of an animal body
are renewed.
\'d8Eu`plec*tel"la (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr. / well plaited; / well + /
plaited.] (Zo\'94l) A genus of elegant,
glassy sponges, consisting of interwoven siliceous fibers, and
growing in the form of a cornucopia; -- called also
Venus's flower-basket.
\'d8Eu`plex*op"te*ra (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. /. / well + / to plait + / a wing.]
(Zo\'94l.) An order of insects, including the
earwig. The anterior wings are short, in the form of elytra,
while the posterior wings fold up beneath them. See
Earwig.
\'d8Eup*n\'91"a (?), n. [NL.,
fr. gr. / easy breathing; / well + / to breathe.]
(Physiol.) Normal breathing where arterialization
of the blood is normal, in distinction from
dyspn\'91a, in which the blood is insufficiently
arterialized.
Foster.
Eu*pry"i*on (?), n. [Gr. /
well + / fire.] A contrivance for obtaining a light
instantaneous, as a lucifer match.
Brande & C.
Eu*ra"sian (?), n.
[European + Asian.] 1.
A child of a European parent on the one side and an Asiatic
on the other.
2. One born of European parents in Asia.
Eu*ra"sian (?), a. Of European
and Asiatic descent; of or pertaining to both Europe and Asia;
as, the great Eurasian plain.
Eu*ra`si*at"io (?), a.
(Geog.) Of or pertaining to the continents of
Europe and Asia combined.
\'d8Eu*re"ka (?). [Gr. / I have found,
perfect indicative of / to find.] The exclamation
attributed to Archimedes, who is said to have cried out
\'bdEureka! eureka!\'b8 (I have found it! I
have found it!), upon suddenly discovering a method of finding
out how much the gold of King Hiero's crown had been alloyed.
Hence, an expression of triumph concerning a discovery.
Eu*rhip`i*du"rous (?), a. [Gr.
/ well + / a fan + / a tail.] (Zo\'94l.)
Having a fanlike tail; belonging to the
Eurhipidur\'91, a division of Aves which includes all
living birds.
Eu"ri*pize (?), v. t. [See
Euripus.] To whirl hither and thither.
[Obs.]
Eu*ri"pus (?), n. [L., fr. Gr.
/; / well + / a rushing motion.] A strait; a
narrow tract of water, where the tide, or a current, flows and
reflows with violence, as the ancient fright of this name between
Eub\'91a and B\'91otia. Hence, a flux and reflux.
Burke.
Eu"ritte (?), n. [Cf. F.
eurite.] (Min.) A compact
feldspathic rock; felsite. See Felsite.
Eu*rit"ic (?), a. Of or
pelating to eurite.
Eu*roc"ly*don (?), n. [NL., fr.
Gr. /; / the southeast wind + / wave, billow; according to
another reading, /, i. e. a north-east
wind, as in the Latin Yulgate Euro-aquilo.]
A tempestuous northeast wind which blows in the
Mediterranean. See Levanter.
A tempestuous wind called Euroclydon.
Acts xxvii. 14.
Eu`ro*pe"an (?), a. [L.
europeaus, Gr. /, fr. Gr. / (L.
europa.)] Of or pertaining to Europe, or to
its inhabitants.
On the European plain, having rooms to let,
and leaving it optional with guests whether they will take meals
in the house; -- said of hotels. [U. S.]
Eu`ro*pe"an, n. A native or an
inhabitant of Europe.
Eu`ro*pe"an*ize (?), v. t. To
cause to become like the Europeans in manners or character; to
habituate or accustom to European usages.
A state of society . . . changed and
Europenized.
Lubbock.
\'d8Eu"rus (?), n. [L., gr.
/.] The east wind.
\'d8Eu*ry"a*le (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Euryale, one of the Gorgons.] 1.
(Bot.) A genus of water lilies, growing in India
and China. The only species (E. ferox) is very prickly
on the peduncles and calyx. The rootstocks and seeds are used as
food.
2. (Zo\'94l) A genus of ophiurans with
much-branched arms.
\'d8Eu`ry*al"i*da (?), n. pl.
[NL.] (Zo\'94l.) A tribe of
Ophiuroidea, including the genera Euryale, Astrophyton, etc. They
generally have the arms branched. See Astrophyton.
Eu*ryc"er*ous (?), a. [Gr. /
broad + / horn.] (Zo\'94l.) Having broad
horns.
Eu*ryp"ter*oid (?), a.
[Eurypterus + -oid.]
(Paleon.) Like, or pertaining to, the genus
Euryperus.
\'d8Eu*ryp`te*roi"de*a (?), n. pl.
[NL. See Eurypteroid.] (Paleont.)
An extinct order of Merostomata, of which the genus
Eurypterus is the type. They are found only in Paleozoic
rocks. [Written also
Eurypterida.]
\'d8Eu*ryp"te*rus (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / broad + / a wing.] (Paleon.)
A genus of extinct Merostomata, found in Silurian rocks.
Some of the species are more than three feet long.
Eu"ryth*my (?), n. [L.
eurythmia, Gr. /; / well + / rhythm, measure,
proportion, symmetry: cf. F. eurythmie.]
1. (Fine Arts) Just or harmonious
proportion or movement, as in the composition of a poem, an
edifice, a painting, or a statue.
2. (Med.) Regularly of the pulse.
Eu*se"bi*an (?), n. (Eccl.
Hist.) A follower of Eusebius, bishop of C\'91sarea,
who was a friend and protector of Arius.
Eu*sta"chi*an (?), a. [From
Eustachi, a learned Italian physician who died in
Rome, 1574.] (Anat.) (a)
Discovered by Eustachius. (b) Pertaining
to the Eustachian tube; as, Eustachian
catheter.
Eustachian catheter, a tubular instrument to
be introduced into the Eustachian tube so as to allow of
inflation of the middle ear through the nose or mouth. --
Eustrachian tube (Anat.), a passage
from the tympanum of the ear to the pharynx. See
Ear. -- Eustachian valve
(Anat.), a crescent-shaped fold of the lining
membrane of the heart at the entrance of the vena cava inferior.
It directs the blood towards the left auricle in the fetus, but
is rudimentary and functionless in the adult.
Eu"style` (?), n. [Gr. /,
neut. of / with pillars at the best distances; / well + /
pillar: cf. F. eustyle.] (Arch.)
See Intercolumnlation.
Eu"tax*y (?), n. [Gr. /; /
well + / arrangement: cf. F. eutaxie.]
Good or established order or arrangement.
[R.]
E. Waterhouse.
Eu*ter"pe (?). [L., fr. Gr. /, fr. /
delightful; / well + / to delight.] 1.
(Class. Myth.) The Muse who presided over
music.
2. (Bot.) A genus of palms, some species
of which are elegant trees.
Eu*ter"pe*an (?) a. Of or
pertaining to Euterpe or to music.
Eu`tha*na"si*a (?) n. [NL., fr.
Gr. /; / well + / death, /, /, to die: cf. F.
euthanasie.] An easy death; a mode of dying
to be desired. \'bdAn euthanasia of all
thought.\'b8
Hazlitt.
The kindest wish of my friends is euthanasia.
Arbuthnot.
<-- 2. A putting to death for humane purposes. Used to refer to
the killing of animals to relieve or avoid pain. -->
Eu*than"a*sy (?), n. Same as
Euthanasia.
Eu`thi*o*chro"ic (?), a. [Gr.
/ well + / sulphur + / color.] (Chem.)
Pertaining to, or denoting, an acid so called.
Euthiochroic acid (Chem.), a
complex derivative of hydroquinone and sulphonic (thionic) acid.
-- so called because it contains sulphur, and forms brilliantly
colored (yellow) salts.
Eu`thy*neu"ra (?), n. pl. [NL.,
fr. Gr. / straight + / a nerve.] (Zo\'94l.)
A large division of gastropod molluske, including the
Pulmonifera and Opisthobranchiata.
Eu"tro*phy (?), n. [Gr. /,
fr. / nourishing, healthy; / well + / to nourish.]
(Med.) Healthy nutrition; soundless as regards
the nutritive functions.
Eu*tych"i*an (?), n. (Eccl.
Hist.) A follower of Eutyches [5th century], who held
that the divine and the human in the person of Christ were
blended together as to constitute but one nature; a monophysite;
-- opposed to Nestorian.
Eu*tych"i*an*ism (?), n. (Eccl.
Hist.) The doctrine of Eutyches and his
followers.
Eux*an"thic (?) a.
(Chem.) Having a yellow color; pertaining to,
derived from, or resembling, euxanthin.
Euxanthic acid (Chem.), a yellow,
crystalline, organic acid, extracted from euxanthin.
Eux*an"thin (?), n. [Gr. /
well + / yellow.] (Chem.) A yellow
pigment imported from India and China. It has a strong odor, and
is said to be obtained from the urine of herbivorous animals when
fed on the mango. It consists if a magnesium salt of euxanthic
acid. Called also puri,
purree, and Indian
yellow.
Eux"e*nite (?), n. [Gr. /
hospitable. So named because it contains a number of rare
elements.] (Min.) A brownish black mineral
with a metallic luster, found in Norway. It contains niobium,
titanium, yttrium, and uranium, with some other metals.
E*va"cate (?), v. t. [Pref.
e- + vacate.] To empty.
[Obs.]
Harvey.
E*vac"u*ant (?), a.
[L.evacuans, -antis, p. pr. of
evacuare: cf. F. \'82vacuant.]
Emptying; evacuative; purgative; cathartic. --
n. (Med.) A purgative or
cathartic.
E*vac"u*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Evacuated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Evacuating.] [l. evacuatus,
p. p. of evacuare to empty, nullify; e out
+ vacuus empty, vacare to be empty. See
Vacate.] 1. To make empty; to empty
out; to remove the contents of; as, to evacuate a
vessel or dish.
2. Fig.: To make empty; to deprive.
[R.]
Evacuate the Scriptures of their most important
meaning.
Coleriage.
3. To remove; to eject; to void; o discharge, as
the contents of a vessel, or of the bowels.
4. To withdraw from; to quit; to retire from; as,
soldiers from a country, city, or fortress.
The Norwegians were forced to evacuate the
country.
Burke.
5. To make void; to nullify; to vacate; as, to
evacuate a contract or marriage.
[Obs.]
Bacon.
E*vac"u*ate, v. i. To let blood
[Obs.]
Burton.
E*vac`u*a"tion (?), n. [L.
evacuatio: cf. F. \'82vacuation.]
1. The act of emptying, clearing of the contents,
or discharging. Specifically: (a)
(Mil.) Withdrawal of troops from a town,
fortress, etc. (b) (Med.) Voidance
of any matter by the natural passages of the body or by an
artificial opening; defecation; also, a diminution of the fluids
of an animal body by cathartics, venesection, or other
means.
2. That which is evacuated or discharged;
especially, a discharge by stool or other natural means.
Quincy.
3. Abolition; nullification.
[Obs.]
Hooker.
Evacuation day, the anniversary of the day on
which the British army evacuated the city of New York, November
25, 1783.
E*vac"u*a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82vacuatif.] Serving of tending to
evacuate; cathartic; purgative.
E*vac"u*a`tor (?), n. One who
evacuates; a nullifier. \'bdEvacuators of the
law.\'b8
Hammond.
E*vac"u*a*to*ry (?), n. A
purgative.
E*vade" (/), v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Evaded; p. pr. & vb. n..
Evading.] [L. evadere,
evasum, e out + vadere to go,
walk: cf. F. s'\'82vader. See Wade.] To get
away from by artifice; to avoid by dexterity, subterfuge,
address, or ingenuity; to elude; to escape from cleverly; as, to
evade a blow, a pursuer, a punishment; to
evade the force of an argument.
The heathen had a method, more truly their own, of
evading the Christian miracles.
Trench.
E*vade", v. t. 1. To escape; to
slip away; -- sometimes with from.
\'bdEvading from perils.\'b8
Bacon.
Unarmed they might
Have easily, as spirits evaded swift
By quick contraction or remove.
Milton.
2. To attempt to escape; to practice artifice or
sophistry, for the purpose of eluding.
The ministers of God are not to evade and take
refuge any of these . . . ways.
South.
Syn>- To equivocate; shuffle. See
Prevaricate.
E*vad"i*ble (?), a. Capable of
being evaded. [R.]
Ev`a*ga"tion (?), n. [L.
evagatio, fr. evagari to wander forth: cf.
F. \'82vagation. See Vagary.] A
wandering about; excursion; a roving. [R.]
Ray.
E*vag`i*na"tion (?), n. [L.
evaginatio an extending, evaginare to
unsheathe; e out + vagina sheath.]
The act of unsheathing.
E"val (?), a. [L.
aevum lifetime, age, eternity.] Relating to
time or duration. [Obs.]
E*val"u*ate (?), v. t. [See
Evaluation.] To fix the value of; to rate; to
appraise.
E*val`u*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
\'82valuation, LL. evaluatio.]
Valuation; appraisement.
J. S. Mill.
Ev`a*nesce" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Evanesced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Evanescing.
(/).] [L. evanescere; e
out + vanescere to vanish, fr. vanus empty,
vain. See Vain, and cf. Evanish.] To
vanish away; to because dissipated and disappear, like
vapor.
I believe him to have evanesced or evaporated.
De Quincey.
Ev`a*nes"cence (?), n. The act
or state of vanishing away; disappearance; as, the
evanescence of vapor, of a dream, of earthly plants or
hopes.
Rambler.
Ev`a*nes"cent (?), a. [L.
evanescens, -entis, p. pr. of
evanescere.] 1. Liable to vanish
or pass away like vapor; vanishing; fleeting; as,
evanescent joys.
So evanescent are the fashions of the world in
these particulars.
Hawthorne.
2. Vanishing from notice; imperceptible.
The difference between right and wrong, is some petty cases,
is almost evanescent.
Wollaston.
Ev`a*nes"cent*ly, adv. In a vanishing
manner; imperceptibly.
Chalmers.
E*van"gel (?), n. [F.
\'82vangile, L. evangelium, Gr. / good
news, glad tidings, gospel, fr. / bringing good news; / well
+ / to bear a message. See Eu-, and cf.
Evangely.] Good news; announcement of glad
tidings; especially, the gospel, or a gospel.
Milton.
Her funeral anthem is a glad evangel.
Whittier.
E`van*ge"li*an (?), a.
Rendering thanks for favors.
E`van*gel"ic (?), a. [L.
evangelicus, Gr. /: cf. F.
\'82vang\'82lique. See Evangel.]
Belonging to, or contained in, the gospel;
evangelical. \'bdEvangelic truth.\'b8
J. Foster.
E`van*gel"ic*al (?), a. 1.
Contained in, or relating to, the four Gospels; as, the
evangelical history.
2. Belonging to, agreeable or consonant to, or
contained in, the gospel, or the truth taught in the New
Testament; as, evangelical religion.
3. Earnest for the truth taught in the gospel;
strict in interpreting Christian doctrine; pre\'89minetly
orthodox; -- technically applied to that party in the Church of
England, and in the Protestant Episcopal Church, which holds the
doctrine of \'bdJustification by Faith alone\'b8; the Low Church
party. The term is also applied to other religion bodies not
regarded as orthodox.
Evangelical Alliance, an alliance for mutual
strengthening and common work, comprising Christians of different
denominations and countries, organized in Liverpool, England, in
1845. -- Evangelical Church. (a) The
Protestant Church in Germany. (b) A church
founded by a fusion of Lutherans and Calvinists in Germany in
1817. -- Evangelical Union, a religion sect
founded in Scotland in 1843 by the Rev. James Morison; -- called
also Morisonians.
E`van*gel"ic*al, n. One of evangelical
principles.
E`van*gel"ic*al*ism (?), n.
Adherence to evangelical doctrines; evangelism.
G. Eliot.
E`van*gel"ic*al*ly, adv. In an
evangelical manner.
E`van*gel"ic*al*ness, n. State of being
evangelical.
E`van*gel"i*cism (?) n.
Evangelical principles; evangelism.
E*van`ge*lic"i*ty (?), n.
Evangelicism.
E*van"gel*ism (?) n. The
preaching or promulgation of the gospel.
Bacon.
E*van"gel*ist, n. [F.
\'82vang\'82liste, L. evangelista, fr. Gr.
/.] A bringer of the glad tidings of Church and his
doctrines. Specially: (a) A missionary preacher sent
forth to prepare the way for a resident pastor; an itinerant
missionary preacher. (b) A writer of one of the four
Gospels (With the definite article); as, the four
evangelists, Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John.
(c) A traveling preacher whose efforts are chiefly
directed to arouse to immediate repentance.
The Apostles, so far as they evangelized, might claim the
tittle though there were many evangelists who were not
Apistles.
Plumptre.
E*van`gel*is"ta*ry (?), n. [LL.
evangelistarium.] A selection of passages
from the Gospels, as a lesson in divine service.
Porson.
E*van`gel*is"tic (?), a.
Pertaining to the four evangelists; designed or fitted to
evangelize; evangelical; as, evangelistic
efforts.
E*van`gel*i*za"tion (?) n. The
act of evangelizing; the state of being evangelized.
The work of Christ's ministers is
evangelization.
Hobbes.
E*van"gel*ize (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Evangelized
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Evangelizing
(?)]. [F. \'82vang\'82lisre,
LL. evangelizare, fr. Gr. /.] To instruct
in the gospel; to preach the gospel to; to convert to
Christianity; as, to evangelize the
world.
His apostles whom he sends
To evangelize the nations.
Milton.
E*van"gel*ize, v. i. To preach the
gospel.
E*van"ge*ly (?), n.
Evangel. [Obs.]
The sacred pledge of Christ's evangely.
Spenser.
E*van"gile (?), n. [F.
\'82vangile. See Evangel.] Good
tidings; evangel. [R.]
Above all, the Servians . . . read, with much avidity, the
evangile of their freedom.
Londor.
E*van"id (?), a. [L.
evanidus, fr. evanescere. See
Evanesce.] Liable to vanish or disappear;
faint; weak; evanescent; as, evanid
color. [Obs.]
They are very transistory and evanid.
Barrow.
E*van"ish (?), v. i. [Pref.
e- + vanish: cf. L. evanescere.
See Evanesce, vanish.] To
vanish.
Or like the rainbow's lovely form,
Evanishing amid the storm.
Burns.
E*van"ish*ment (?), n. A
vanishing; disappearance. [R.]
T. Jefferson.
E*vap"o*ra*ble (?), a. Capable
of being converted into vapor, or dissipated by
evaporation.
E*vap"o*rate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Evaporated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Evaporating
(?).] [L. evaporatus, p. p.
of evaporare; e out + vapor
steam or vapor. See Vapor.] 1. To
pass off in vapor, as a fluid; to escape and be dissipated,
either in visible vapor, or in practice too minute to be
visible.
2. To escape or pass off without effect; to be
dissipated; to be wasted, as, the spirit of writer often
evaporates in the process of translation.
To give moderate liberty for griefs and discontents to
evaporate . . . is a safe way.
Bacon.
E*vap"o*rate, v. t. 1. To
convert from a liquid or solid state into vapor (usually) by the
agency of heat; to dissipate in vapor or fumes.
2. To expel moisture from (usually by means of
artificial heat), leaving the solid portion; to subject to
evaporation; as, to evaporate apples.
3. To give vent to; to dissipate.
[R.]
My lord of Essex evaporated his thoughts in a
sonnet.
Sir. H. Wotton.
Evaporating surface (Steam Boilers),
that part of the heating surface with which water is in
contact.
E*vap"o*rate (?), a. [L.
evaporatus, p. p.] Dispersed in
vapors.
Thomson.
E*vap`o*ra"tion (?), n. [L.
evaporatio: cf. F. \'82vaporation.]
1. The process by which any substance is converted
from a liquid state into, and carried off in, vapor; as, the
evaporation of water, of ether, of camphor.
2. The transformation of a portion of a fluid into
vapor, in order to obtain the fixed matter contained in it in a
state of greater consistence.
3. That which is evaporated; vapor.
4. (Steam Engine) See
Vaporization.
E*vap"o*ra*ive (?), a. [L.
evaporatius: cf. F. \'82vaporatif.]
Pertaining to, or producing, evaporation; as, the
evaporative process.
E*vap"o*ra`tor (?), n. An
apparatus for condensing vegetable juices, or for drying fruit by
heat.
E*vap`o*rom"e*ter (?), n. [L.
evaporare to evaporate + -meter: cf. F.
\'82vaporm\'8atre.] (Physics) An
instrument for ascertaining the quantity of a fluid evaporated in
a given time; an atmometer.
E*va"si*ble (?), a. That may be
evaded. [R.]
E*va"sion (?), n. [L.
evasio: cf. F. \'82vasion. See
Evade.] The act of eluding or avoiding,
particularly the pressure of an argument, accusation, charge, or
interrogation; artful means of eluding.
Thou . . . by evasions thy crime uncoverest
more.
Milton.
Syn. -- Shift; subterfuge; shuffling; prevarication;
equivocation.
E*va"sive (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82vasif. See Evade.] Tending to
evade, or marked by evasion; elusive; shuffling; avoiding by
artifice.
Thus he, though conscious of the ethereal guest,
Answered evasive of the sly request.
Pope.
Stammered out a few evasive phrases.
Macaulay.
-- E*va"sive*ly , adv. --
E*va"sive*ness, n.
Eve (?), n. [See Even,
n.] 1. Evening.
[Poetic]
Winter oft, at eve resumes the breeze.
Thomson.
2. The evening before a holiday, -- from the Jewish
mode of reckoning the day as beginning at sunset. not at
midnight; as, Christians eve is the evening before
Christmas; also, the period immediately preceding some
important event. \'bdOn the eve of death.\'b8
Keble.
Eve churr (Zo\'94l), the European
goatsucker or nightjar; -- called also night
churr, and churr owl.
E*vec"tics (?), n. [Gr. /
healthy.] The branch of medical science which teaches
the method of acquiring a good habit of body.
[Obs.]
E*vec"tion (?). [L. evectio a
going up, fr. evehere to carry out; e out +
vehere to carry: cf. F \'82vection.]
1. The act of carrying up or away;
exaltation. [Obs.]
Bp. Pearson.
2. (Astron.) (a) An inequality
of the moon's motion is its orbit to the attraction of the sun,
by which the equation of the center is diminished at the
syzygies, and increased at the quadratures by about 1 (b) The libration of the moon.
Whewell.
E"ven (?) n. [OE.
eve, even, efen,
\'91fen. AS. \'d6fen; akin to OS.
\'beband, OFries, \'bevend, D.
avond, OHG. \'beband, Icel.
aptan, Sw. afton, Dan. aften; of
unknown origin. Cf. Eve, Evening.]
Evening. See Eve, n. 1.
[Poetic.]
Shak.
E"ven, a. [AS. efen.
efn; akin to OS. eban, D. even,
OHG. eban, G. efen, Icel. jafn,
Dan. jevn, Sw. j\'84mn, Goth.
ibns. Cf. Anent, Ebb.]
1. Level, smooth, or equal in surface; not rough;
free from irregularities; hence uniform in rate of motion of
action; as, even ground; an even speed; an
even course of conduct.
2. Equable; not easily ruffed or disturbed; calm;
uniformly self-possessed; as, an even
temper.
3. Parallel; on a level; reaching the same
limit.
And shall lay thee even with the ground.
Luke xix. 44.
4. Balanced; adjusted; fair; equitable; impartial;
just to both side; owing nothing on either side; -- said of
accounts, bargains, or persons indebted; as, our accounts are
even; an even bargain.
To make the even truth in pleasure flow.
Shak.
5. Without an irregularity, flaw, or blemish;
pure. \'bdI know my life so even.\'b8
Shak.
6. Associate; fellow; of the same condition.
[Obs.] \'bdHis even servant.\'b8
Wyclif (Matt./).
7. Not odd; capable of division by two without a
remainder; -- said of numbers; as, 4 and 10 are even
numbers.
Whether the number of the stars is even or odd.
Jer. Taylor.
On even ground, with equal advantage. --
On even keel (Naut.), in a level or
horizontal position.
E"ven (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Evened (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Evening
(?)] 1. To make even or level;
to level; to lay smooth.
His temple Xerxes evened with the soil.
Sir. W. Raleigh.
It will even all inequalities
Evelyn.
2. To equal [Obs.] \'bdTo
even him in valor.\'b8
Fuller.
3. To place in an equal state, as to obligation, or
in a state in which nothing is due on either side; to balance, as
accounts; to make quits.
Shak.
4. To set right; to complete.
5. To act up to; to keep pace with.
Shak.
E"ven (?), v. i. To be
equal. [Obs.]
R. Carew.
E"ven, adv. [AS. efne. See
Even, a., and cf. E'en.]
1. In an equal or precisely similar manner;
equally; precisely; just; likewise; as well. \'bdIs it
even so?\'b8
Shak.
Even so did these Gauls possess the coast.
Spenser.
2. Up to, or down to, an unusual measure or level;
so much as; fully; quite.
Thou wast a soldier
Even to Cato's wish.
Shak.
Without . . . making us even sensible of the
change.
Swift.
3. As might not be expected; -- serving to
introduce what is unexpected or less expected.
I have made several discoveries, which appear new,
even to those who are versed in critical learning.
Addison.
4. At the very time; in the very case.
I knew they were had enough to please, even when I
wrote them.
Dryden.
Even is sometimes used to emphasize a
word or phrase. \'bdI have debated even in my
soul.\'b8
Shak.
By these presence, even the presence of Lord
Mortimer.
Shak.
E*vene" (?), v. i. [L.
evenire. See Event.] To
happen. [Obs.]
Hewyt.
E"ven*er (?), n. 1.
One who, or that which makes even.
2. In vehicles, a swinging crossbar, to the ends of
which other crossbars, or whiffletrees, are hung, to equalize the
draught when two or three horses are used abreast.
E"ven*fall` (?), n. Beginning
of evening. \'bdAt the quiet evenfall.\'b8
Tennyson.
E"ven*hand` (?), n.
Equality. [Obs.]
Bacon.
E"ven*hand`ed, a. Fair or impartial;
unbiased. \'bdEvenhanded justice.\'b8
Shak. -- E"ven*hand`ed*ly,
adv. -- E"ven*hand`ed*ness, n.
/.
E"ven*ing (?), n. [AS.
\'d6fnung. See even, n., and cf.
Eve.] 1. The latter part and close
of the day, and the beginning of darkness or night; properly, the
decline of the day, or of the sum.
In the ascending scale
Of heaven, the stars that usher evening rose.
Milton.
evening.
Bartlett.
2. The latter portion, as of life; the declining
period, as of strength or glory.
evening
gun. \'bdEvening Prayer.\'b8
Shak.
Evening flower (Bot.), a genus of
iridaceous plants (Hesperantha) from the Cape of Good
Hope, with sword-shaped leaves, and sweet-scented flowers which
expand in the evening. -- Evening grosbeak
(Zo\'94l.), an American singing bird
(Coccothraustes vespertina) having a very large bill.
Its color is olivaceous, with the crown, wings, and tail black,
and the under tail coverts yellow. So called because it sings in
the evening. -- Evening primrose. See under
Primrose. -- The evening star, the
bright star of early evening in the western sky, soon passing
below the horizon; specifically, the planet Venus; -- called also
Vesper and Hesperus. During
portions of the year, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn are also evening
stars. See Morning Star.
E"ven*ly (?), adv. With an
even, level, or smooth surface; without roughness, elevations, or
depression; uniformly; equally; comfortably; impartially;
serenely.
E"ven*mind`ed (?), a. Having
equanimity.
E"ven*ness, n. The state of being ven,
level, or disturbed; smoothness; horizontal position; uniformity;
impartiality; calmness; equanimity; appropriate place or level;
as, evenness of surface, of a fluid at rest, of
motion, of dealings, of temper, of condition.
It had need be something extraordinary, that must warrant an
ordinary person to rise higher than his own
evenness.
Jer. Taylor.
E"ven*song` (?), n. [AS.
\'d6fensang.] A song for the evening; the
evening service or form of worship (in the Church of England
including vespers and compline); also, the time of
evensong.
Wyclif. Milton.
E*vent" (?), n. [L.
eventus, fr. evenire to happen, come out;
e out + venire to come. See
Come.] 1. That which comes, arrives,
or happens; that which falls out; any incident, good or
bad. \'bdThe events of his early years.\'b8
Macaulay.
To watch quietly the course of events.
Jowett (Thucyd. )
There is one event to the righteous, and to the
wicked.
Eccl. ix. 2.
2. An affair in hand; business; enterprise.
[Obs.] \'bdLeave we him to his
events.\'b8
Shak.
3. The consequence of anything; the issue;
conclusion; result; that in which an action, operation, or series
of operations, terminates.
Dark doubts between the promise and event.
Young.
Syn. -- Incident; occurrence; adventure; issue; result;
termination; consequence; conclusion. --
Event, Occurrence, Incident,
Circumstance. An event denotes that which
arises from a preceding state of things. Hence we speak or
watching the event; of tracing the progress of
events. An occurrence has no reference to
any antecedents, but simply marks that which meets us
in our progress through life, as if by chance, or in the course
of divine providence. The things which thus meet us, if
important, are usually connected with antecedents; and hence
event is the leading term. In the \'bdDeclaration of
Independence\'b8 it is said, \'bdWhen, in the cource of human
events, it becomes necessary.\'b8 etc. Here,
occurrences would be out of place. An
incident is that which falls into a state
of things to which is does not primarily belong; as, the
incidents of a journey. The term is usually applied to
things of secondary importance. A circumstance is one
of the things surrounding us in our path of life. These may
differ greatly in importance; but they are always
outsiders, which operate upon us from without,
exerting greater or less influence according to their intrinsic
importance. A person giving an account of a campaign might dwell
on the leading events which it produced; might mention
some of its striking occurrences; might allude to some
remarkable incidents which attended it; and might give
the details of the favorable or adverse circumstances
which marked its progress.<-- events which produced it?
-->
<-- p. 517 -->
E*vent" (?), v. t. [F.
\'82venter to fan, divulge, LL. eventare to
fan, fr., L. e out + ventus wind.]
To break forth. [Obs.]
B. Jonson.
E*ven"ter*ate (?), v. t. [L.
e out + venter the belly: cf. F.
\'82venter.] To rip open;
todisembowel. [Obs.]
Sir. T. Brown.
E*vent"ful (?) a. Full of, or
rich in, events or incidents; as, an eventful
journey; an eventful period of history; an
eventful period of life.
E"ven*tide` (?) n. [AS.
\'d6fent\'c6d. See Tide.] The time
of evening; evening. [Poetic.]
Spenser.
E*ven"ti*late (?), v. t. [L.
eventilatus, p. p. of eventilare to fan.
See Ventilate.] 1. To winnow out; to
fan. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
2. To discuss; to ventilate.
[Obs.]
Johnson.
E*ven`ti*la"tion (?), n. The
act of eventilating; discussion. [Obs.]
Bp. Berkely.
E*vent"less (?), a. Without
events; tame; monotomous; marked by nothing unusual;
uneventful.
\'d8Ev`en*tog"na*thi (?), n. pl.
[NL., fr. Dr. / well + / within / the jaw.]
(Zo\'94l.) An order of fishes including a vast
number of freshwater species such as the carp, loach, chub,
etc.
E`ven*tra*tion (?), n. [L.
e out + venter belly.]
(Med.) (a) A tumor containing a large
portion of the abdominal viscera, occasioned by relaxation of the
walls of the abdomen. (b) A wound, of large
extent, in the abdomen, through which the greater part of the
intestines protrude. (c) The act af
disemboweling.
E*vent"tu*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
\'82ventiel. See Event.] 1.
Coming or happening as a consequence or result;
consequential.
Burke.
2. Final; ultimate. \'bdEventual
success.\'b8
Cooper.
3. (Law) Dependent on events;
contingent.
Marshall.
E*ven`tu*al"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Eventualities (#). [Cf. F.
\'82ventualit\'82.] 1. The coming
as a consequence; contingency; also, an event which comes as a
consequence.
2. (Phren.) Disposition to take
cognizance of events.
E*ven"tu*al*ly (?), adv. In an
eventual manner; finally; ultimately.
E*ven"tu*ate (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Eventuated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Eventuating.] To come out finally or in
conclusion; to result; to come to pass.
E*ven`tu*a"tion (?), n. The act
of eventuating or happening as a result; the outcome.
R. W. Hamilton.
Ev"er (?) adv. [OE.
ever, \'91fre, AS. \'91fre;
perh. akin to AS. \'be always. Cf. Aye,
Age,Evry, Never.]
[Sometimes contracted into e'er.]
1. At any time; at any period or point of
time.
No man ever yet hated his own flesh.
Eph. v. 29.
2. At all times; through all time; always;
forever.
He shall ever love, and always be
The subject of by scorn and cruelty.
Dryder.
3. Without cessation; continually.
Ever is sometimes used as an intensive or
a word of enforcement. \'bdHis the old man e'er a
son?\'b8
Shak.
To produce as much as ever they can.
M. Arnold.
Ever and anon, now and then; often. See under
Anon. -- Ever is one, continually;
constantly. [Obs.] Chaucer. --
Ever so, in whatever degree; to whatever extent;
-- used to intensify indefinitely the meaning of the associated
adjective or adverb. See Never so, under
Never. \'bdLet him be ever so rich.\'b8
Emerson.
And all the question (wrangle e'er so long),
Is only this, if God has placed him wrong.
Pope.
You spend ever so much money in entertaining your
equals and betters.
Thackeray.
-- For ever, eternally. See Forever.
-- For ever and a day, emphatically forever.
Shak.
She [Fortune] soon wheeled away, with scornful laughter, out
of sight for ever and day.
Prof. Wilson.
-- Or ever (for or ere), before. See
Or, ere. [Archaic]
Would I had met my dearest foe in heaven
Or ever I had seen that day, Horatio!
Shak.
Ever is sometimes joined to its adjective
by a hyphen, but in most cases the hyphen is needless; as,
ever memorable, ever watchful, ever
burning.
Ev`er*dur"ing (?) a.
Everlasting.
Shak.
Ev`er*glade (?), n. A swamp or
low tract of land inundated with water and interspersed with
hummocks, or small islands, and patches of high grass; as,
the everglades of Florida. [U.
S.]
Ev"er*green (?) a. (Bot.)
Remaining unwithered through the winter, or retaining
unwithered leaves until the leaves of the next year are expanded,
as pines cedars, hemlocks, and the like.
Ev"er*green, n. 1. (Bot.)
An evergreen plant.
2. pl. Twigs and branches of evergreen
plants used for decoration. \'bdThe funeral
evengreens entwine.\'b8
Keble.
{ Ev"er*ich (?), Ev"er*ych
}, a. [OE. see Every.]
each one; every one; each of two. See Every.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
{ Ev`er*ich*on", Ev`er*ych*on" }
(?), pron. [OE. everich +
oon, on, one. See Every, and
One.] Every one. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Ever*last"ing (?) a. 1.
Lasting or enduring forever; exsisting or continuing without
end; immoral; eternal. \'bdThe Everlasting
God.\'b8
Gen. xx1. 33.
2. Continuing indefinitely, or during a long
period; perpetual; sometimes used, colloquially, as a strong
intensive; as, this everlasting nonsence.
I will give to thee, and to thy seed after thee . . . the land
of Canaan, for an everlasting possession.
Gen xvii. 8.
And heard thy everlasting yawn confess
The pains and penalties of idleness.
Pope.
Syn. -- Eternal; immortal, interminable; endless;
never-ending; infinite; unceasing; uninterrupted; continual;
unintermitted; incessant. - Everlasting,
Eternal. Eternal denotes (when taken
strictly) without beginning or end of duration;
everlasting is sometimes used in our version of the
Scriptures in the sense of eternal, but in modern
usage is confined to the future, and implies no intermission as
well as no end.
Whether we shall meet again I know not;
Therefore our everlasting farewell take;
Forever, and forever farewell, Cassius.
Shak.
Everlasting flower. Sane as
Everlasting, n., 3. -- Everlasting
pea, an ornamental plant (Lathyrus
latifolius) related to the pea; -- so called because it is
perennial.
En`er*last"ing, n. 1. Eternal
duration, past of future; eternity.
From everlasting to everlasting, thou
art God.
Ps. xc. 2.
2. (With the definite article) The Eternal Being;
God.
3. (Bot.) A plant whose flowers may be
dried without losing their form or color, as the pearly
everlasting (Anaphalis margaritacea), the
immortelle of the French, the cudweeds, etc.
4. A cloth fabic for shoes, etc. See
Lasting.
Ev`er*last"ing*ly, adv. In an
everlasting manner.
Ev`er*last"ing*ness, n. The state of
being everlasting; endless duration; indefinite duration.
Ev`er*liv"ing (?), a. 1.
Living always; immoral; eternal; as, the
everliving God.
2. Continual; incessant; unintermitted.
Ev`er*more" (?), adv. During
eternity; always; forever; for an indefinite period; at all
times; -- often used substantively with for.
Seek the Lord . . . Seek his face evermore.
Ps. cv. 4.
And, behold, I am alive for evermore.
Rev. i. 18.
Which flow from the presence of God for
evermore.
Tillotson.
I evermore did love you, Hermia.
Shak.
E*ver"nic (?), a. (Chem.)
Pertaining to Evernia, a genus of lichens;
as, evernic acid.
E*verse" (?), v. t. [L.
eversus, p. p. of evertere to turn out,
overthrow; e out + vertere to turn. Cf.
Evert.] To overthrow or subvert.
[Obs.]
Glanvill.
E*ver"sion (?), n. [L.
eversio: cf. F. \'82version.]
1. The act of eversing; destruction.
Jer. Taylor.
2. The state of being turned back or outward;
as, eversion of eyelids; ectropium.
E*ver"sive (?), a. Tending to
evert or overthrow; subversive; with of.
A maxim eversive . . . of all justice and
morality.
Geddes.
E*vert" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Everted; p. pr.
& vb. n. Everting.] [L.
evertere. See Everse.] 1.
To overthrow; to subvert. [R.]
Ayliffe.
2. To turn outwards, or inside out, as an
intestine.
Ev"er*y (?), a. & a. pron. [OE.
everich, everilk; AS. /fre
ever + \'91lc each. See Ever,
each.] 1. All the parts which
compose a whole collection or aggregate number, considered in
their individuality, all taken separately one by one, out of an
indefinite bumber.
Every man at his best state is altogether
vanity.
Ps. xxxix. 5.
Every door and window was adorned with wreaths of
flowers.
Macaulay.
2. Every one. Cf. Each.
[Obs.] \'bdEvery of your wishes.\'b8
Shak.
Daily occasions given to every of us.
Hooker.
Every each, every one. [Obs.]
\'bdEvery each of them hath some vices.\'b8
Burton.. -- Every now and then, at
short intervals; occasionally; repeatedly; frequently.
[Colloq.]
Every may, by way of emphasis, precede
the article the with a superlative adjective; as,
every, the least variation.
Locke.
Syn. -- Every, Each, Any.
Any denotes one, or some, taken indifferently
from the individuals which compose a class. Every
differs from each in giving less promonence to the
selection of the individual. Each relates to two or
more individuals of a class. It refers definitely to
every one of them, denoting that they are considered
separately, one by one, all being included; as, each
soldier was receiving a dollar per day. Every relates
to more than two and brings into greater prominence the notion
that not one of all considered is excepted; as, every
soldier was on service, except the cavalry, that is, all the
soldiers, etc.
In each division there were four pentecosties, in
every pentecosty four enomoties, and of
each enomoty there fought in the front rank four
[soldiers].
Jowett (Thucyd. ).
If society is to be kept together and the children of Adam to
be saved from setting up each for himself with
every one else his foe.
J. H. Newman.
Ev"er*y*bod`y (?), n. Every
person.
Ev"er*y*day` (?), a. Used or
fit for every day; common; usual; as, an everyday
suit or clothes.
The mechanical drudgery of his everyday
employment.
Sir. J. Herchel.
Ev"er*y*one` (?), n. [OE.
everychon.] Everybody; -- commonly
separated, every one.
Ev"er*y*thing` (?), n. Whatever
pertains to the subject under consideration; all things.
More wise, more learned, more just, more
everything.
Pope.
Ev"er*y*when` (?), adv. At any
or all times; every instant. [R.] \'bdEternal
law is silently present everywhere and everywhen.\'b8
Carlyle.
Ev"er*y*where` (?), adv. In
every place; in all places; hence, in every part; throughly;
altogether.
Ev"er*y*where`ness (?), n.
Ubiquity; omnipresence. [R.]
Grew.
Eves"drop` (?), v. i. See
Eavesdrop.
Eves"drop`per (?), n. See
Eavesdropper.
E*ves"ti*gate (?), v. t. [L.
evestigatus traced out; e out +
vestigatus, p. p. of vestigare. See
Vestigate.] To investigate.
[Obs.]
Bailey.
Ev"et (?), n. [See
Eft, n.] (Zo\'94l.) The
common newt or eft. In America often applied to several species
of aquatic salamanders. [Written also
evat.]
E*vi"brate (?), v. t. & i. [L.
evibrare. See Vibrate.] To
vibrate. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
E*vict" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Evicted; p. pr.
& vb. n. Evicting.] [L.
evictus, p. p. of evincere to overcome
completely, evict. See Evince.] 1.
(Law) To dispossess by a judicial process; to
dispossess by paramount right or claim of such right; to eject;
to oust.
The law of England would speedily evict them out of
their possession.
Sir. J. Davies.
2. To evince; to prove. [Obs.]
Cheyne.
E*vic"tion (?), n. [L.
evictio: cf. F. \'82viction.]
1. The act or process of evicting; or state of
being evicted; the recovery of lands, tenements, etc., from
another's possession by due course of law; dispossession by
paramount title or claim of such title; ejectment; ouster.
2. Conclusive evidence; proof.
[Obs.]
Full eviction of this fatal truth.
South.
Ev"i*dence (?), n. [F.
\'82vidence, L. Evidentia. See
Evident.] 1. That which makes
evident or manifest; that which furnishes, or tends to furnish,
proof; any mode of proof; the ground of belief or judgement;
as, the evidence of our senses; evidence of
the truth or falsehood of a statement.
Faith is . . . the evidence of things not seen.
Heb. xi. 1.
O glorious trial of exceeding love
Illustrious evidence, example high.
Milton.
2. One who bears witness. [R.]
\'bdInfamous and perjured evidences.\'b8
Sir W. Scott.
3. (Law) That which is legally submitted
to competent tribunal, as a means of ascertaining the truth of
any alleged matter of fact under investigation before it; means
of making proof; -- the latter, strictly speaking, not being
synonymous with evidence, but rather the effect of
it.
Greenleaf.
Circumstantial evidence, Conclusive
evidence, etc. See under
Circumstantial, Conclusive, etc. --
Crown's, King's, Queen's
evidence, evidence for the crown.
[Eng.] -- State's evidence, evidence
for the government or the people. [U. S. ] --
To turn King's, Queen's
evidence, to confess a crime and give
evidence against one's accomplices.
Syn. -- Testimony; proof. See Tesimony.
Ev"i*dence, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Evidenced (?); p, pr. & vb.
n. Evidencing (?).] To
render evident or clear; to prove; to evince; as, to
evidence a fact, or the guilt of an offender.
Milton.
Ev"i*den*cer (?), n. One whi
gives evidence.
Ev"i*dent (?), a. [F.
\'82vinent, l. evidens, -entis;
e out + videns, p. pr. of videre
to see. See Vision.] Clear to the vision;
especially, clear to the understanding, and satisfactory to the
judgment; as, the figure or color of a body is
evident to the senses; the guilt of an offender can not
always be made evident.
Your honor and your goodness is so evident.
Shak.
And in our faces evident the sings
Of foul concupiscence.
Milton.
Syn. -- Manifest; plain; clear; obvious; visible; apparent;
conclusive; indubitable; palpable; notorious. See
Manifest.
Ev`i*den"tial (?), a. Relating
to, or affording, evidence; indicative; especially, relating to
the evidences of Christianity. Bp. Fleetwood.
\'bdEvidential tracks.\'b8 Earle.. --
Ev`i*den"tial*ly, adv.
Ev`i*den"ti*a*ry (?), a.
Furnishing evidence; asserting; proving; evidential.
When a fact is supposed, although incorrectly, to be
evidentiary of, a mark of, some other fact.
J. S. Mill.
Ev"i*dent*ly (?), adv. In an
evident manner; clearly; plainly.
Before whose eyes Jesus Christ hath been evidently
set forth.
Gal. iii. 1.
He has evidently in the prime of youth.
W. Irving.
Ev"i*dent*ness, n. State of being
evident.
E*vig`i*la"tion (?), n. [L.
evigilatio; e out + vigilare to
be awake. See Vigilant.] A waking up or
awakening. [Obs.]
E*vil (?) a. [OE.
evel, evil, ifel,
uvel, AS. yfel; akin to OFries,
evel, D. euvel, OS. & OHG. ubil,
G. \'81bel, Goth. ubils, and perh. to E.
over.] 1. Having qualities tending
to injury and mischief; having a nature or properties which tend
to badness; mischievous; not good; worthless or deleterious;
poor; as, an evil beast; and evil plant; an
evil crop.
A good tree can not bring forth evil fruit.
Matt. vii. 18.
2. Having or exhibiting bad moral qualities;
morally corrupt; wicked; wrong; vicious; as, evil
conduct, thoughts, heart, words, and the like.
Ah, what a sign it is of evil life,
When death's approach is seen so terrible.
Shak.
3. Producing or threatening sorrow, distress,
injury, or calamity; unpropitious; calamitous; as,
evil tidings; evil arrows; evil
days.
Because he hath brought up an evil name upon a
virgin of Israel.
Deut. xxii. 19.
The owl shrieked at thy birth -- an evil sign.
Shak.
Evil news rides post, while good news baits.
Milton.
Evil eye, an eye which inflicts injury by some
magical or fascinating influence. It is still believed by the
ignorant and superstitious that some persons have the
supernatural power of injuring by a look.
It almost led him to believe in the evil eye.
J. H. Newman.
-- Evil speaking, speaking ill of others; calumny;
censoriousness. -- The evil one, the Devil;
Satan.
<-- p. 518 bad typing! -->
Evil is sometimes written as the first
part of a compound (with or without a hyphen). In many cases the
compounding need not be insisted on. Examples: Evil
doer or evildoer, evil speakink or
evil-speaking, evil worker, evil
wishink, evil-hearted, evil-minded.
Syn. -- Mischieveous; pernicious; injurious; hurtful;
destructive; wicked; sinful; bad; corrupt; perverse; wrong;
vicious; calamitious.
E"vil (?) n. 1.
Anything which impairs the happiness of a being or deprives
a being of any good; anything which causes suffering of any kind
to sentient beings; injury; mischief; harm; -- opposed to
good.
Evils which our own misdeeds have wrought.
Milton.
The evil that men do lives after them.
Shak.
2. Moral badness, or the deviation of a moral being
from the principles of virtue imposed by conscience, or by the
will of the Supreme Being, or by the principles of a lawful human
authority; disposition to do wrong; moral offence; wickedness;
depravity.
The heart of the sons of men is full of evil.
Eccl. ix. 3.
3. malady or disease; especially in the phrase
king's evil, the scrofula. [R.]
Shak.
He [Edward the Confessor] was the first that touched for the
evil.
Addison.
E"vil, adv. In an evil manner; not well;
ill; badly; unhappily; injuriously; unkindly.
Shak.
It went evil with his house.
1 Chron. vii. 23.
The Egyptians evil entreated us, and affected
us.
Deut. xxvi. 6.
E"vil eye` (?). See Evil eye
under Evil, a.
E"vil-eyed (?) a. Possessed of
the supposed evil eye; also, looking with envy, jealousy, or bad
design; malicious.
Shak.
E"vil-fa`vored (?), a. Having a
bad countenance or appearance; ill-favored; blemished;
deformed.
Bacon.
-- E"vil-fa`vored*ness,
n.
Deut. xvi. 1.
E"vil*ly (?), adv. In an evil
manner; not well; ill. [Obs.] \'bdGood deeds
evilly bestowed.\'b8
Shak.
E"vil-mind`ed (?), a. Having
evil dispositions or intentions; disposed to mischief or sin;
malicious; malignant; wicked. --
E"vil-mind`ed*ness, n.
E"vil*ness, n. The condition or quality
of being evil; badness; viciousness; malignity; vileness; as,
evilness of heart; the evilness of
sin.
E*vince" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Evinced
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Evincing
(?).] [L. evincere vanquish
completely, prevail, succeed in proving; e out +
vincere to vanquish. See Victor, and cf.
Evict.] 1. To conquer; to
subdue. [Obs.]
Error by his own arms is best evinced.
Milton.
2. To show in a clear manner; to prove beyond any
reasonable doubt; to manifest; to make evident; to bring to
light; to evidence.
Common sense and experience must and will evince
the truth of this.
South.
E*vince"ment (?), n. The act of
evincing or proving, or the state of being evinced.
E*vin"ci*ble (?), a. Capable of
being proved or clearly brought to light; demonstrable.
Sir. M. Hale.
--E*vin"ci*bly, adv.
E*vin"cive (?), a. Tending to
prove; having the power to demonstrate; demonstrative;
indicative.
E"vi*rate (?), v. t. [L.
eviratus, p. p. of evirare to castrate;
e out + vir man.] To emasculate;
to dispossess of manhood. [Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
Ev`i*ra"tion (?), n. [L.
eviratio.] Castration.
[Obs.]
E*vis"cer*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Eviscerated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Eviscerating
(?).] [L. evisceratus, p. p.
of eviscerare to eviscerate; e out +
viscera the bowels. See Viscera.]
To take out the entrails of; to disembowel; to gut.
E*vis`cer*a"tion (?), a. A
disemboweling.
Ev"i*ta*ble (?), a. [L.
evitabilis: cf. F. \'82vitable.]
A voidable. [R.]
Hooker.
Ev"i*tate (?), v. t. [L.
evitatus, p. p. of evitare to shun;
e out + vitare to shun.] To
shun; to avoid. [Obs.]
Shak.
Ev`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
evitatio.] A shunning; avoidance.
[Obs.]
Bacon.
E*vite" (?), v. t. [Cf. F.
\'82viter. See Evitate.] To
shun. [Obs.]
Dryton.
Ev`i*ter"nal (?), a. [L.
eviternus, aeternus. See
Etern.] Eternal; everlasting.
[Obs.] -- Ev`i*ter"nal*ly,
adv.
Bp. Hall.
Ev`i*ter"ni*ty (?), n.
Eternity. [Obs.]
Ev"o*cate (?), v. t. [L.
evocatus, p. p. of evocare. See
Evoke.] To call out or forth; to summon; to
evoke. [R.]
Stackhouse.
Ev`o*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
evocatio: cf. F. \'82vocation.]
The act of calling out or forth.
Sir. T. Browne.
The evocation of that better spirit.
M. Arnold.
E*vo"ca*tive (?), a. Calling
forth; serving to evoke; developing.
Evocative power over all that is eloquent and
expressive in the better soul of man.
W. Pater.
Ev"o*ca`tor (?), n. [L.]
One who calls forth. [R.]
E*voke" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Evoked (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Evoking.]
[L. evocare; e out + vocare
to call, fr. vox, vocis, voice: cf. F
\'82voquer. See Voice, and cf.
Evocate.] 1. To call out; to summon
forth.
To evoke the queen of the fairies.
T. Warton.
A requlating discipline of exercise, that whilst
evoking the human energies, will not suffer them to be
wasted.
De Quincey.
2. To call away; to remove from one tribunal to
another. [R.] \'bdThe cause was
evoked to Rome.\'b8
Hume.
{ Ev`o*lat"ic (?), Ev`o*lat"ic*al
(?), } a. [L. evolare
to fly away; e out + volare to fly.]
Apt to fly away. [Obs. or R.]
Blount.
Ev`o*la"tion (?), n. [L.
evolatio.] A flying out or up.
[Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
Ev"o*lute (?), n. [L.
evolutus unrolled, p. p. of evolvere. See
Evolve.] (Geom.) A curve from
which another curve, called the involute or
evolvent, is described by the end of a thread
gradually wound upon the former, or unwound from it. See
Involute. It is the locus of the centers of all the
circles which are osculatory to the given curve or
evolvent.
evolute, the term
being applied to it only in its relation to the involute.
Ev`o*lu*til"i*ty (?), n. [See
Evolution.] (Biol.) The faculty
possessed by all substances capable of self-nourishment of
manifesting the nutritive acts by changes of form, of volume, or
of structure.
Syd. Soc. Lex.
Ev`o*lu"tion (?), n. [L.
evolutio an unrolling: cf. F. \'82volution
evolution. See Evolve.] 1. The act
of unfolding or unrolling; hence, in the process of growth;
development; as, the evolution of a flower from a
bud, or an animal from the egg.
2. A series of things unrolled or unfolded.
\'bdThe whole evolution of ages.\'b8
Dr. H. More.
3. (Geom.) The formation of an involute
by unwrapping a thread from a curve as an evolute.
Hutton.
4. (Arith. & Alg.) The extraction of
roots; -- the reverse of involution.
5. (Mil. & Naval) A prescribed movement
of a body of troops, or a vessel or fleet; any movement designed
to effect a new arrangement or disposition; a maneuver.
Those evolutions are best which can be executed
with the greatest celerity, compatible with regularity.
Campbell.
6. (Biol.) (a) A general name
for the history of the steps by which any living organism has
acquired the morphological and physiological characters which
distinguish it; a gradual unfolding of successive phases of
growth or development. (b) That theory of
generation which supposes the germ to pre\'89xist in the parent,
and its parts to be developed, but not actually formed, by the
procreative act; -- opposed to epigenesis.
7. (Metaph.) That series of changes
under natural law which involves continuous progress from the
homogeneous to the heterogeneous in structure, and from the
single and simple to the diverse and manifold in quality or
function. The pocess is by some limited to organic beings; by
others it is applied to the inorganic and the psychical. It is
also applied to explain the existence and growth of institutions,
manners, language, civilization, and every product of human
activity. The agencies and laws of the process are variously
explained by different philosophrs.
Evolution is to me series with development.
Gladstone.
Ev`o*lu"tion*al (?), a.
Relating to evolution. \'bdEvolutional
changes.\'b8
H. Spenser.
Ev`o*lu"tion*a*ry (?), a.
Relating to evolution; as, evolutionary
discussions.
Ev`o*lu"tion*ism (?), n. The
theory of, or belief in, evolution. See Evolution, 6 and
7.
Ev`o*lu"tion*ist (?), n. 1.
One skilled in evolutions.
2. one who holds the doctrine of evolution, either
in biology or in metaphysics.
Darwin.
E*volve" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Evolved
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Evolving.] [L. evolvere,
evolutum; e out + volvere to
roll. See Voluble.] 1. To unfold or
unroll; to open and expand; to disentangle and exhibit clearly
and satisfactorily; to develop; to derive; to educe.
The animal soul sooner evolves itself to its full
orb and extent than the human soul.
Sir. M. Hale.
The principles which art involves, science alone
evolves.
Whewell.
Not by any power evolved from man's own resources, but by a
power which descended from above.
J. C. Shairp.
2. To throw out; to emit; as, to
evolve odors.
E*volve", v. i. To become open,
disclosed, or developed; to pass through a process of
evolution.
Prior.
E*volve"ment (?), n. The act of
evolving, or the state of being evolved; evolution.
E*volv"ent (?), n. [L.
evolvents. -entis, unrolling, p. pr. of
evolvere.] (Geom.) The involute
of a curve. See Involute, and Evolute.
E*vom"it (?), v. t. [L.
evomitus, p. p. of evomere to vomit forth;
e out + vomere.] To vomit.
[Obs.]
Ev`o*mi"tion (?), n. The act of
vomiting. [Obs.]
Swift.
E*vul"gate (?) v. t. [L.
evulgatus, p. p. of evulgare to
publish.] To publish abroad. [Obs.]
Ev`ul*ga"tion (?), n. A
divulging. [Obs.]
E*vul"sion (?), n. [L.
evulsio, fr. evellere, evulsum,
to pluck out; e out + vellere to pluck; cf.
F. \'82vulsion.] The act of plucking out; a
rooting out.
Ew (?), n. [See
Yew.] A yew. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Ewe (?), n. [AS.
e\'a2wu; akin to D. ooi, OHG.
awi, ouwi, Icel. \'91r, Goth.
aw\'c7\'edi a flock of sheep, awistr a
sheepfold, Lith. avis a sheep, L. ovis, Gr.
/, Skr. avi. \'fb231.] (Zo\'94l.)
The female of the sheep, and of sheeplike animals.
Ewe"-necked` (?), a. Having a
neck like a ewe; -- said of horses in which the arch of the neck
is deficent, being somewhat hollowed out.
Youwatt.
Ew"er (?), n. [OF.
ewer, euwier, prop. a water carrier, F.
\'82vier a washing place, sink, aigui\'8are
ewer, L. aquarius, adj., water carrying,
n., a water carrier, fr. aqua water; akin
to Goth. ahwa water, river, OHG, aha, G.
au, aue, meadow. \'fb219. Cf.
Aquarium, Aquatic, Island.]
A kind of widemouthed pitcher or jug; esp., one used to hold
water for the toilet.
Basins and ewers to lave her dainty hands.
Shak.
{ Ew"er*y (?), Ew"ry (?)
} n. [From Ewer.] An
office or place of household service where the ewers were
formerly kept. [Enq.]
Parker.
Ewt (?), n. [See
Newt.] (Zo\'94l.) The newt.
Ex- (?). A prefix from the latin
preposition, ex, akin to Gr. 'ex or
'ek signifying out of, out,
proceeding from. Hence, in composition, it signifies
out of, as, in exhale, exclude;
off, from, or out. as in
exscind; beyond, as, in
excess, exceed, excel; and
sometimes has a privative sense of without, as in
exalbuminuos, exsanguinous. In some words,
it intensifies the meaning; in others, it has little affect on
the signification. It becomes ef- before f,
as in effuse. The form e- occurs instead of
ex- before b, d, g,
l, m, n, r, and
v, as in ebullient, emanate,
enormous, etc. In words from the French it often
appears as es-, sometimes as s- or
\'82-; as, escape, scape,
\'82lite. Ex-, prefixed to names
implying office, station, condition, denotes that the person
formerly held the office, or is out of the office or
condition now; as, ex-president,
ex-governor, ex-mayor,
ex-convict. The Greek form 'ex becomes
ex in English, as in exarch; 'ek
becomes ec, as in eccentric.
Ex*ac"er*bate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exacerrated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Exacerrating
(?).] [L. exacerbatus, p. p.
of exacerbare; ex out (intens.) +
acerbare. See Acerbate.] To render
more violent or bitter; to irriate; to exasperate; to imbitter,
as passions or disease.
Broughman.
Ex*ac`er*ba"tion (?) n. [Cf. F.
exacerbation.] 1. The act
rendering more violent or bitter; the state of being exacerbated
or intensified in violence or malignity; as,
exacerbation of passion.
2. (Med.) A periodical increase of
violence in a disease, as in remittent or continious fever; an
increased energy of diseased and painful action.
Ex*ac`er*bes"cence (?), n. [L.
exacerbescens, -entis, p. pr. of
exacerbescere, incho. of exacerbare.]
Increase of irritation or violence, particularly the
increase of a fever or disease.
Ex*ac`er*va"tion (?), n. [L.
exacervare to heap up exceedingly. See Ex-,
and Acervate.] The act of heaping up.
[Obs.]
Bailey.
Ex*ac"i*nate (?), v. t. [L.
ex out + acinus kernel.] To
remove the kernel form.
Ex*ac`i*na"tion (?), n. Removal
of the kernel.
Ex*act" (?), a. [L.
exactus precise, accurate, p. p. of exigere
to drive out, to demand, enforce, finish, determine, measure;
ex out + agere to drive; cf. F.
exact. See Agent, Act.]
1. Precisely agreeing with a standard, a fact, or
the truth; perfectly conforming; neither exceeding nor falling
short in any respect; true; correct; precise; as, the clock
keeps exact time; he paid the exact debt; an
exact copy of a letter; exact
accounts.
I took a great pains to make out the exact
truth.
Jowett (Thucyd. )
2. Habitually careful to agree with a standard, a
rule, or a promise; accurate; methodical; punctual; as, a man
exact in observing an appointment; in my doings I was
exact. \'bdI see thou art exact of
taste.\'b8
Milton.
3. Precisely or definitely conceived or stated;
strict.
An exact command,
Larded with many several sorts of reason.
Shak.
Ex*act", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Exacted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Exacting.] [From L. exactus,
p. p. of exigere; or fr. LL. exactare: cf.
OF. exacter. See Exact, a.]
To demand or require authoritatively or peremptorily, as a
right; to enforce the payment of, or a yielding of; to compel to
yield or to furnish; hence, to wrest, as a fee or reward when
none is due; -- followed by from or of
before the one subjected to exaction; as, to exact
tribute, fees, obedience, etc., from or of some one.
He said into them, Exact no more than that which is
appointed you.
Luke. iii. 13.
Years of servise past
From grateful souls exact reward at last
Dryden.
My designs
Exact me in another place.
Massinger.
Ex*act", v. i. To practice
exaction. [R.]
The anemy shall not exact upon him.
Ps. lxxxix. 22.
Ex*act"er (?), n. An
exactor. [R.]
Ex*act"ing, a. Oppressive or
unreasonably severe in making demands or requiring the exact
fulfillment of obligations; harsh; severe. \'bdA temper so
exacting.\'b8 T. Arnold --
Ex*act"ing*ly, adv. --
Ex*act"ing*ness, n.
Ex*ac"tion (?), n. [L.
exactio: cf. F. exaction.]
1. The act of demanding with authority, and
compelling to pay or yield; compulsion to give or furnish; a
levying by force; a driving to compliance; as, the
exaction to tribute or of obedience; hence,
extortion.
Take away your exactions from my people.
Ezek. xlv. 9.
Daily new exactions are devised.
Shak.
Illegal exactions of sheriffs and officials.
Bancroft.
2. That which is exacted; a severe tribute; a fee,
reward, or contribution, demanded or levied with severity or
injustice.
Daniel.
Ex*acr"i*tude (?), n. [Cf. F.
exactitude.] The quality of being exact;
exactness.
Ex*act"ly, adv. In an exact manner;
precisely according to a rule, standard, or fact; accurately;
strictly; correctly; nicely. \'bdExactly
wrought.\'b8
Shak.
His enemies were pleased, for he had acted exactly
as their interests required.
Bancroft.
Ex*act"ness, n. 1. The
condition of being exact; accuracy; nicety; precision;
regularity; as, exactness of jurgement or
deportment.
2. Careful observance of method and conformity to
truth; as, exactness in accounts or
business.
He had . . . that sort of exactness which would
have made him a respectable antiquary.
Macaulay.
Ex*act"or (?), n. [L.: cf. F.
exacteur.] One who exacts or demands by
authority or right; hence, an extortioner; also, one unreasonably
severe in injunctions or demands.
Jer. Taylor.
<-- p. 519 -->
Ex*act"ress (?), n. [Cf. L.
exactrix.] A woman who is an exactor.
[R.]
B. Jonson.
Ex*ac"u*ate (?), v. t. [L.
exacure; ex out (intens.) +
acuere to make sharp.] To whet or
sharpen. [Obs.] B. Jonson. --
Ex*ac`u*a"tion (#), n.
[Obs.]
\'d8Ex*\'91r"e*sis (?), n.
[NL., fr. Gr./ a taking away.] (Surg.)
In old writers, the operations concerned in the removal of
parts of the body.
Ex*ag"ger*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exaggerated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Exaggerating .
] [L. exaggeratus , p. p. of
exaggerare to heap up; ex out +
aggerare to heap up, fr. agger heap,
aggerere to bring to; ad to +
gerere to bear. See Jest. ]
1. To heap up; to accumulate.
[Obs.] \'bdEarth exaggerated upon them
[oaks and firs].\'b8
Sir M. Hale.
2. To amplify; to magnify; to enlarge beyond bounds
or the truth ; to delineate extravagantly ; to overstate the
truth concerning.
A friend exaggerates a man's virtues.
Addison.
Ex*ag"ger*a`ted (?), a.
Enlarged beyond bounds or the truth. --
Ex*ag"ger*a`ted*ly,
adv.
Ex*ag"ger*a`ting (?) a. That
exaggerates; enlarging beyond bounds. --
Ex*ag"ger*a`ting*ly,
adv.
Ex*ag`ger*a"tion (?), n. [L.
exaggeratio : cf. F.
exag\'82ration.]
1. The act of heaping or piling up.
[Obs.] \'bdExaggeration of sand.\'b8
Sir M. Hale.
2. The act of exaggerating; the act of doing or
representing in an excessive manner; a going beyond the bounds of
truth reason, or justice; a hyperbolical representation;
hyperbole; overstatement.
No need of an exaggeration of what they saw.
I. Taylor.
3. (Paint.) A representation of things
beyond natural life, in expression, beauty, power, vigor.
Ex*ag"ger*a*tive (?), a.
Tending to exaggerate; involving exaggeration.
\'bdExaggerative language.\'b8 Geddes.
\'bdExaggerative pictures.\'b8
W. J. Linton.
-- Ex*ag"ger*a*tive*ly, adv.
Carlyle.
Ex*ag"ger*a`tor (?), n.
[L.] One who exaggerates; one addicted to
exaggeration.
L. Horner.
Ex*ag"ger*a*to*ry (?), a.
Containing, or tending to, exaggeration; exaggerative.
Johnson.
Ex*ag"i*tate (?), v. t. [L.
exagitatus, p. p. of exagitare. See
Ex-, and Agitate.] 1. To
stir up; to agitate. [Obs.]
Arbuthnot.
2. To satirize; to censure severely.
[Obs.]
Hooker.
Ex*ag`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
exagitatio : cf. OF. exagitation.]
Agitation. [Obs.]
Bailey.
Ex`al*bu"mi*nous (?), a. [Pref.
ex- + albumen.] (Bot.)
Having no albumen about the embryo; -- said of certain
seeds.
Ex*alt" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exalted; p. pr.
& vb. n. Exalting.] [L.
exaltare; ex out (intens.) +
altare to make high, altus high: cf.F.
exalter. See Altitude.]
1. To raise high; to elevate; to lift up.
I will exalt my throne above the stars of God.
Is. xiv. 13.
Exalt thy towery head, and lift thine eyes
Pope.
2. To elevate in rank, dignity, power, wealth,
character, or the like; to dignify; to promote; as, to
exalt a prince to the throne, a citizen to the
presidency.
Righteousness exalteth a nation.
Prov. xiv. 34.
He that humbleth himself shall be exalted.
Luke xiv. 11.
3. To elevate by prise or estimation; to magnify;
to extol; to glorify. \'bdExalt ye the Lord.\'b8
Ps. xcix. 5.
In his own grace he doth exalt himself.
Shak.
4. To lift up with joy, pride, or success; to
inspire with delight or satisfaction; to elate.
They who thought they got whatsoever he lost were mightily
exalted.
Dryden.
5. To elevate the tone of, as of the voice or a
musical instrument.
Is. xxxvii. 23.
Now Mars, she said, let Fame exalt her voice.
Prior.
6. (Alchem.) To render pure or refined;
to intensify or concentrate; as, to exalt the juices
of bodies.
With chemic art exalts the mineral powers.
Pope.
Ex"al*tate (?), a. [L.
exaltatus, p. p. of exaltare to
exalt.] (Astrol.) Exercising its highest
influence; -- said of a planet. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Ex`al*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
exaltatio: cf. F.exaltation.]
1. The act of exalting or raising high; also, the
state of being exalted; elevation.
Wondering at my flight, and change
To this high exaltation.
Milton.
2. (Alchem.) The refinement or
subtilization of a body, or the increasing of its virtue or
principal property.
3. (Astrol.) That place of a planet in
the zodiac in which it was supposed to exert its strongest
influence.
Ex*alt"ed (?), a. Raised to
lofty height; elevated; extolled; refined; dignified;
sublime.
Wiser far than Solomon,
Of more exalted mind.
Milton.
Time never fails to bring every exalted reputation
to a strict scrutiny.
Ames.
-- Ex*alt"ed*ly, adv. --
Ex*alt"ed*ness, n. \'bdThe
exaltedness of some minds.\'b8
T. Gray.
Ex*alt"er (?), n. One who
exalts or raises to dignity.
Ex*alt"ment (?), n.
Exaltation. [Obs.]
Barrow.
Ex*a"men (?), n. [L., the
tongue of a balance, examination; for exagmen, fr.
exigere to weigh accurately, to treat: cf. F.
examen. See Exact, a.]
Examination; inquiry. [R.] \'bdA
critical examen of the two pieces.\'b8
Cowper.
Ex*am"e*tron (?), n. [NL. See
Hexameter.] An hexameter.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Ex*am"i*na*ble (?), a. Capable
of being examined or inquired into.
Bacon.
Ex*am"i*nant (?), n. [L.
examinans, -antis, examining.]
1. One who examines; an examiner.
Sir W. Scott.
2. One who is to be examined.
[Obs.]
H. Prideaux.
Ex*am"i*nate (?), n. [L.
examinatus, p. p. of examinare. See
Examine. ] A person subjected to
examination. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Ex*am`i*na"tion (?), n. [L.
examinatio: cf. F. examination.]
1. The act of examining, or state of being
examined; a careful search, investigation, or inquiry; scrutiny
by study or experiment.
2. A process prescribed or assigned for testing
qualification; as, the examination of a student, or
of a candidate for admission to the bar or the
ministry.
He neglected the studies, . . . stood low at the
examinations.
Macaulay.
Examination in chief, Direct
examination (Law), that examination
which is made of a witness by a party calling him. --
Cross-examination, that made by the opposite
party. -- Re\'89xamination, Re-direct examination, that made by a party
calling a witness, after, and upon matters arising out of, the
cross-examination.
Syn. -- Search; inquiry; investigation; research; scrutiny;
inquisition; inspection; exploration.
Ex*am"i*na`tor (#), n. [L.: cf.
F. examinateur.] An examiner.
[R.]
Sir T. Browne.
Ex*am"ine (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Examined
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Examining.] [L. examinare,
examinatum, fr. examen,
examinis: cf. F. examiner. See
Examen.]
1. To test by any appropriate method; to inspect
carefully with a view to discover the real character or state of;
to subject to inquiry or inspection of particulars for the
purpose of obtaining a fuller insight into the subject of
examination, as a material substance, a fact, a reason, a cause,
the truth of a statement; to inquire or search into; to explore;
as, to examine a mineral; to examine a ship
to know whether she is seaworthy; to examine a
proposition, theory, or question.
Examine well your own thoughts.
Chaucer.
Examine their counsels and their cares.
Shak.
2. To interrogate as in a judicial proceeding; to
try or test by question; as, to examine a witness in
order to elicit testimony, a student to test his qualifications,
a bankrupt touching the state of his property, etc.
The offenders that are to be examined.
Shak.
Syn. -- To discuss; debate; scrutinize; search into;
investigate; explore. See Discuss.
Ex*am`i*nee" (?), n. A person
examined.
Ex*am"in*er (?), n. One who
examines, tries, or inspects; one who interrogates; an officer or
person charged with the duty of making an examination; as, an
examiner of students for a degree; an examiner
in chancery, in the patent office, etc.
Ex*am"in*er*ship, n. The office or rank
of an examiner.
Ex*am"in*ing, a. Having power to
examine; appointed to examine; as, an examining
committee.
Ex"am*pla*ry (?), a. [From
Example, cf. Exemplary.] Serving for
example or pattern; exemplary. [Obs.]
Hooker.
Ex*am"ple (?), n. [A later form
for ensample, fr. L. exemplum, orig., what
is taken out of a larger quantity, as a sample, from
eximere to take out. See Exempt, and cf.
Ensample, Sample.] 1. One
or a portion taken to show the character or quality of the whole;
a sample; a specimen.
2. That which is to be followed or imitated as a
model; a pattern or copy.
For I have given you an example, that ye should do
as / have done to you.
John xiii. 15.
I gave, thou sayest, the example; I led the
way.
Milton.
3. That which resembles or corresponds with
something else; a precedent; a model.
Such temperate order in so fierce a cause
Doth want example.
Shak.
4. That which is to be avoided; one selected for
punishment and to serve as a warning; a warning.
Hang him; he'll be made an example.
Shak.
Now these things were our examples, to the intent
that we should not lust after evil things, as they also
lusted.
1 Cor. x. 6.
5. An instance serving for illustration of a rule
or precept, especially a problem to be solved, or a case to be
determined, as an exercise in the application of the rules of any
study or branch of science; as, in trigonometry and
grammar, the principles and rules are illustrated by
examples.
Syn. -- Precedent; case; instance. --
Example, Instance. The discrimination to be
made between these two words relates to cases in which we give
\'bdinstances\'b8 or \'bdexamples\'b8 of things done. An
instance denotes the single case then \'bdstanding\'b8
before us; if there be others like it, the word does not express
this fact. On the contrary, an example is one of an
entire class of like things, and should be a true representative
or sample of that class. Hence, an example
proves a rule or regular course of things; an instance
simply points out what may be true only in the case presented. A
man's life may be filled up with examples of the
self-command and kindness which marked his character, and may
present only a solitary instance of haste or severity.
Hence, the word \'bdexample\'b8 should never be used to describe
what stands singly and alone. We do, however, sometimes apply the
word instance to what is really an example,
because we are not thinking of the latter under this aspect, but
solely as a case which \'bdstands before us.\'b8 See
Precedent.
Ex*am"ple, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Exampled (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Exampling (?).] To
set an example for; to give a precedent for; to exemplify; to
give an instance of; to instance. [Obs.] \'bdI
may example my digression by some mighty
precedent.\'b8
Shak.
Burke devoted himself to this duty with a fervid assiduity
that has not often been exampled, and has never been
surpassed.
J. Morley.
Ex*am"ple*less (?), a. Without
or above example. [R.]
Ex*am"pler (?), n. [See
Exemplar, Example, and cf.
Sampler.] A pattern; an exemplar.
[Obs.]
Ex*am"pless (?), a.
Exampleless. [Wrongly formed.]
B. Jonson.
Ex*an"gui*ous (?), a.
Bloodless. [Obs.] See
Exsanguious.
Sir T. Browne.
Ex*an"gu*lous (?), a. [Pref
ex- + angulous.] Having no
corners; without angles. [R.]
Ex*an"i*mate (?), a. [L.
exanimatus, p. p. of exanimare to deprive
of life or spirit; ex out + anima air,
breath, life, spirit.] 1. Lifeless;
dead. [R.] \'bdCarcasses
exanimate.\'b8
Spenser.
2. Destitute of animation; spiritless;
disheartened. [R.] \'bdPale . . . wretch,
exanimate by love.\'b8
Thomson.
Ex*an"i*mate (?), v. t. To
deprive of animation or of life. [Obs.]
Ex*an`i*ma"tion (?), n.[L.
exanimatio.] Deprivation of life or of
spirits. [R.]
Bailey.
Ex*an"i*mous (?), a. [L.
exanimus, exanimis; ex out,
without + anima life.] Lifeless;
dead. [Obs.]
Johnson.
Ex*an"nu*late (?), a. [Pref.
ex- + annulate.] (Bot.)
Having the sporangium destitute of a ring; -- said of
certain genera of ferns.
Ex*an"them (?), n. Same as
Exanthema.
\'d8Ex`an*the"ma (?), n.; pl.
Exanthemata (#). [L., fr. Gr./,
fr./ to burst forth as flowers, break out, as ulcers; /, /,
out + / to bloom, / flower: cf. F.
exanth\'8ame.] (Med.) An
efflorescence or discoloration of the skin; an eruption or
breaking out, as in measles, smallpox, scarlatina, and the like
diseases; -- sometimes limited to eruptions attended with
fever.
Dunglison.
{ Ex*an`the*mat"ic (?),
Ex`an*them"a*tous (?), } a.
Of, relating to, or characterized by, exanthema;
efflorescent; as, an exanthematous
eruption.
\'d8Ex`an*the"sis (?), n. [NL.,
from Gr. / . See Exanthema. ] (Med.)
An eruption of the skin; cutaneous efflorescence.
Ex*ant"late (?), v. t. [L.
exantlatus, p. p. of exantlare,
exanclare, to endure.] To exhaust or wear
out. [Obs.] \'bdSeeds . . . wearied or
exantlated.\'b8
Boyle.
Ex`ant*la"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
exantlation.] Act of drawing out ;
exhaustion. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Ex"a*rate (?), v. t. [L.
exaratus, p. p. of exarare to plow up, to
write; ex out + arare to plow.]
To plow up; also, to engrave; to write.
[Obs.]
Blount.
Ex`a*ra"tion (?), n. [L.
exaratio.] Act of plowing; also, act of
writing. [Obs.]
Bailey.
Ex"arch (?), n. [L.
exarchus, Gr. / / commander; /,/, out + / to
lead, rule: cf. F. exarque.] A viceroy; in
Ravenna, the title of the viceroys of the Byzantine emperors; in
the Eastern Church, the superior over several monasteries; in the
modern Greek Church, a deputy of the patriarch , who visits the
clergy, investigates ecclesiastical cases, etc.
Ex*ar"chate (?), n. [LL.
exarchatus, fr. L. exarchus: cf. F.
exarchat.] The office or the province of an
exarch.
Jer. Taylor.
Ex*ar"il*late (?), a. [Pref.
ex- + arillate.] (Bot.)
Having no aril; -- said of certain seeds, or of the plants
producing them.
Ex`ar*tic"u*late (?), a. [Pref.
ex- + articulate.]
(Zo\'94l.) Having but one joint; -- said of
certain insects.
Ex`ar*tic`u*la"tion (?), n.
[Pref. ex- + articulation.]
Luxation; the dislocation of a joint.
Bailey.
Ex*as"per*ate (?), a. [L.
exasperatus, p. p. of exsasperare to
roughen, exasperate; ex out (intens.) +
asperare to make rough, asper rough. See
Asperity.] Exasperated; imbittered.
[Obs.]
Shak.
Like swallows which the exasperate dying year
Sets spinning.
Mrs. Browning.
Ex*as"per*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exsasperated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Exasperating
(?).]
1. To irritate in a high degree; to provoke; to
enrage; to exscite or to inflame the anger of; as, to
exasperate a person or his feelings.
To exsasperate them against the king of France.
Addison.
2. To make grievous, or more grievous or malignant;
to aggravate; to imbitter; as, to exasperate
enmity.
To exasperate the ways of death.
Sir T. Browne.
Syn. -- To irritate; provoke. See Irritate.
Ex*as"per*a`ter (?), n. One who
exasperates or inflames anger, enmity, or violence.
Ex*as`per*a"tion (?), n. [L.
exasperatio: cf. F. exasp\'82ration.]
1. The act of exasperating or the state of being
exasperated; irritation; keen or bitter anger.
Extorted from him by the exasperation of his
spirits.
South.
2. Increase of violence or malignity; aggravation;
exacerbation. \'bdExasperation of the fits.\'b8
Sir H. Wotton.
Ex`as*pid"e*an (?), a. [Gr. /
out +/,/,a shield.] (Zo\'94l.) Having
the anterior scute/ extending around the tarsus on the outer
side, leaving the inner side naked; -- said of certain
birds.
Ex*auc"tor*ate (?), v. t. See
Exauthorate. [Obs.]
Ex*auc`tor*a"tion (?), n. See
Exauthoration.
Ex*au"gu*rate (?), v. t. [L.
exauguratus, p. p. of exaugurare to
profane; ex out + augurari to act as an
augur, fr. augur. ] To annul the
consecration of; to secularize; to unhellow.
[Obs.]
Holland.
Ex*au`gu*ra"tion (?), n. [L.
exauguratio desecration.] The act of
exaugurating; desecration. [Obs.]
Ex*au"thor*ate (?), v. t. [L.
exauctoratus, p. p. of exauctorare to
dismiss; ex out + auctorare to bind to
something, to hire, fr. auctor. See
Author.] To deprive of authority or office;
to depose; to discharge. [Obs.]
Exauthorated for their unworthiness.
Jer. Taylor.
Ex*au`thor*a"tion (?), n.
Deprivation of authority or dignity; degration.
[Obs.]
Jer. Taylor.
Ex*au"thor*ize (?), v. t.
[Pref. ex- + authorize.] To
deprive of uthority. [Obs.]
Selden.
<-- p. 520 -->
<-- p. 520 -->
Ex*au"thor*ize (?), v. t.
[Pref. ex/ + authorize.] To deprive
of authority. [Obs.]
Selden.
Ex*cal"ce*ate (?), v. t. [L.
excalceatus, p. p. of excalceare to unshoe.
See Calceated.] To deprive of shoes.
[Obs.]
Chambers.
Ex*cal`ce*a"tion (?), n. The
act of depriving or divesting of shoes. [Obs.]
Chambers.
Ex`cal*fac"tion (?), n. [L.
excalfactio.] A heating or warming;
calefaction. [Obs.]
Blount.
Ex`cal*fac"tive (?), a. [L.
excalfacere to warm; ex out (intens.) +
calfacere to warm.] Serving to heat;
warming. [Obs.]
Cotgrave.
Ex`cal*fac"to*ry (?), a. [L.
excalfactorius.] Heating; warming.
[Obs.]
Holland.
Ex*cal"i*bur (?), n. The name
of King Arthur's mythical sword. [Written also
Excalibar, Excalibor, Escalibar,
and Caliburn.]
Tennyson.
{ Ex*camb" (?), Ex*cam"bie
(?), } v. t. [LL.
excambiare, excambire; L. ex out
+ cambire. See Change, and cf.
Exchange.] (Scots Law) To
exchange; -- used with reference to transfers of land.
{ \'d8Ex*cam"bi*on (?),
\'d8Ex*cam"bi*um (?), } n.
[LL. excambium. See Excamb.]
(Scots Law) Exchange; barter; -- used commonly of
lands.
Ex`can*des"cence (?), n. [L.
excandescentia.] 1. A growing hot;
a white or glowing heat; incandescence. [R.]
2. Violent anger; a growing angry.
[Obs.]
Blount.
Ex`can*des"cent (?), a. [L.
excandescens, p. pr. of excandescere to
take fire, glow; ex out (intens.) +
candescere to begin to glisten or glow, fr.
candere. See Candid.] White or
glowing with heat. [R.]
Ure.
Ex`can*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
excantare to charm out. See Ex/, and
Chant.] Disenchantment by a
countercharm. [Obs.]
Gayton.
Ex*car"nate (?), v. t. [LL.
excarnatus, p. p. of excarnare; L.
ex out + caro, carnis,
flesh.] To deprive or clear of flesh.
Grew.
Ex`car*na"tion (?), n. The act
of depriving or divesting of flesh; excarnification; -- opposed
to incarnation.
Ex*car"ni*fi*cate (?), v. t.
[L. ex out + LL. carnificatus, p. p.
carnificare to carnify; cf. L.
excarnificare to tear to pieces, torment. See
Carnify.] To clear of flesh; to
excarnate.
Dr. H. More.
Ex*car`ni*fi*ca"tion (?), n.
The act of excarnificating or of depriving of flesh;
excarnation.
Johnson.
Ex"ca*vate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p.
Excavated(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Excavating(?).] [L.
excavatus, p. p. of excavare to excavate;
ex out + cavare to make hollow,
cavus hollow. See Cave.] 1.
To hollow out; to form cavity or hole in; to make hollow by
cutting, scooping, or digging; as, to excavate a
ball; to excavate the earth.
2. To form by hollowing; to shape, as a cavity, or
anything that is hollow; as, to excavate a canoe, a
cellar, a channel.
3. (Engin.) To dig out and remove, as
earth.
The material excavated was usually sand.
E. L. Corthell.
Excavating pump, a kind of dredging apparatus
for excavating under water, in which silt and loose material
mixed with water are drawn up by a pump.
Knight.
Ex`ca*va"tion (?), n. [L.
excavatio: cf. F. excavation.]
1. The act of excavating, or of making hollow, by
cutting, scooping, or digging out a part of a solid mass.
2. A cavity formed by cutting, digging, or
scooping. \'bdA winding excavation.\'b8
Glover.
3. (Engin.) (a) An uncovered
cutting in the earth, in distinction from a covered
cutting or tunnel. (b) The
material dug out in making a channel or cavity.
The delivery of the excavations at a distance of
250 feet.
E. L. Corthell.
Ex"ca*va`tor (?), n. One who,
or that which, excavates or hollows out; a machine, as a dredging
machine, or a tool, for excavating.
Ex*cave" (?), v. t. [L.
excavare.] To excavate.
[Obs.]
Cockeram.
Ex*ce"cate (?), v. t. [L.
excaecatus, p. p. of excaecare to blind;
ex (intens.) + caecare to blind,
caecus blind.] To blind.
[Obs.]
Cockeram.
Ex`ce*ca"tion (?), n. The act
of making blind. [Obs.]
Bp. Richardson.
Ex*ced"ent (?), n. [L.
excedens, -entis, p. pr. of
excedere. See Exceed, v. t.]
Excess. [R.]
Ex*ceed" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exceeded; p.
pr. & vb. n. Exceeding.] [L.
excedere, excessum, to go away or beyond;
ex out + cedere to go, to pass: cf. F.
exc\'82der. See Cede.] To go
beyond; to proceed beyond the given or supposed limit or measure
of; to outgo; to surpass; -- used both in a good and a bad sense;
as, one man exceeds another in bulk, stature,
weight, power, skill, etc. ; one offender exceeds
another in villainy; his rank exceeds yours.
Name the time, but let it not
Exceed three days.
Shak.
Observes how much a chintz exceeds mohair.
Pope.
Syn. -- To outdo; surpass; excel; transcend; outstrip;
outvie; overtop.
Ex*ceed", v. i. 1. To go too
far; to pass the proper bounds or measure. \'bdIn our
reverence to whom, we can not possibly exceed.\'b8
Jer. Taylor.
Forty stripes he may give him, and not exceed.
Deut. xxv. 3.
2. To be more or greater; to be paramount.
Shak.
Ex*ceed"a*ble (?), a. Capable
of exceeding or surpassing. [Obs.]
Sherwood.
Ex*ceed"er (?), n. One who
exceeds.
Bp. Montagu.
Ex*ceed"ing, a. More than usual;
extraordinary; more than sufficient; measureless. \'bdThe
exceeding riches of his grace.\'b8 Eph. ii.
7. -- Ex*ceed"ing*ness, n.
[Obs.]
Sir P. Sidney.
Ex*ceed"ing, adv. In a very great
degree; extremely; exceedingly. [Archaic. It is not
joined to verbs.] \'bdThe voice exceeding
loud.\'b8
Keble.
His raiment became shining, exceeding white as
snow.
Mark ix. 3.
The Genoese were exceeding powerful by sea.
Sir W. Raleigh.
Ex*ceed"ing*ly (?), adv. To a
very great degree; beyond what is usual; surpassingly. It
signifies more than very.
Ex*cel" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p.
Excelled(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Excelling.] [L. excellere,
excelsum; ex out + a root found in
culmen height, top; cf. F. exceller. See
Culminate, Column.] 1. To
go beyond or surpass in good qualities or laudable deeds; to
outdo or outgo, in a good sense.
Excelling others, these were great;
Thou, greater still, must these excel.
Prior.
I saw that wisdom excelleth folly, as far as light
excelleth darkness.
Eccl. ii. 13.
2. To exceed or go beyond; to surpass.
She opened; but to shut
Excelled her power; the gates wide open stood.
Milton.
Ex*cel", v. i. To surpass others in good
qualities, laudable actions, or acquirements; to be distinguished
by superiority; as, to excel in mathematics, or
classics.
Unstable as water, thou shalt not excel.
Gen. xlix. 4.
Then peers grew proud in horsemanship t' excel.
Pope.
Ex"cel*lence (?), n. [F.
excellence, L. excellentia.]
1. The quality of being excellent; state of
possessing good qualities in an eminent degree; exalted merit;
superiority in virtue.
Consider first that great
Or bright infers not excellence.
Milton.
2. An excellent or valuable quality; that by which
any one excels or is eminent; a virtue.
With every excellence refined.
Beattie.
3. A title of honor or respect; -- more common in
the form excellency.
I do greet your excellence
With letters of commission from the king.
Shak.
Syn. -- Superiority; pre\'89minence; perfection; worth;
goodness; purity; greatness.
Ex"cel*len*cy (?), n.; pl.
Excellencies (/).
1. Excellence; virtue; dignity; worth;
superiority.
His excellency is over Israel.
Ps. lxviii. 34.
Extinguish in men the sense of their own
excellency.
Hooker.
2. A title of honor given to certain high
dignitaries, esp. to viceroys, ministers, and ambassadors, to
English colonial governors, etc. It was formerly sometimes given
to kings and princes.
Ex"cel*lent (?), a. [F.
excellent, L. excellens, -entis,
p. pr. of excellere. See Excel.]
1. Excelling; surpassing others in some good
quality or the sum of qualities; of great worth; eminent, in a
good sense; superior; as, an excellent man, artist,
citizen, husband, discourse, book, song, etc.; excellent
breeding, principles, aims, action.
To love . . .
What I see excellent in good or fair.
Milton.
2. Superior in kind or degree, irrespective of
moral quality; -- used with words of a bad significance.
[Obs. or Ironical] \'bdAn excellent
hypocrite.\'b8
Hume.
Their sorrows are most excellent.
Beau. & Fl.
Syn. -- Worthy; choice; prime; valuable; select; exquisite;
transcendent; admirable; worthy.
Ex"cel*lent, adv. Excellently;
eminently; exceedingly. [Obs.] \'bdThis comes
off well and excellent.\'b8
Shak.
Ex"cel*lent*ly, adv. 1. In an
excellent manner; well in a high degree.
2. In a high or superior degree; -- in this literal
use, not implying worthiness. [Obs.]
When the whole heart is excellently sorry.
J. Fletcher.
\'d8Ex*cel"si*or, a. [L., compar. of
excelsus elevated, lofty, p. p. of
excellere. See Excel, v. t.]
More lofty; still higher; ever upward.
Ex*cel"si*or, n. A kind of stuffing for
upholstered furniture, mattresses, etc., in which curled shreds
of wood are substituted for curled hair.
Ex*cen"tral (?), a. [Pref.
ex/ + central.] (Bot.) Out of
the center.
{ Ex*cen"tric (?), Ex*cen"tric*al
(?), } a. 1. Same as
Eccentric, Eccentrical.
2. (Bot.) One-sided; having the normally
central portion not in the true center.
Gray.
Ex`cen*tric"i*ty (?). (Math.) Same as
Eccentricity.
Ex*cept" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Excepted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Excepting.] [L.
exceptus, p. p. of excipere to take or draw
out, to except; ex out + capere to take:
cf. F. excepter. See Capable.]
1. To take or leave out (anything) from a number or
a whole as not belonging to it; to exclude; to omit.
Who never touched
The excepted tree.
Milton.
Wherein (if we only except the unfitness of the
judge) all other things concurred.
Bp. Stillingfleet.
2. To object to; to protest against.
[Obs.]
Shak.
Ex*cept", v. i. To take exception; to
object; -- usually followed by to, sometimes by
against; as, to except to a witness or
his testimony.
Except thou wilt except against my love.
Shak.
Ex*cept", prep. [Originally past
participle, or verb in the imperative mode.] With
exclusion of; leaving or left out; excepting.
God and his Son except,
Created thing naught valued he nor . . .
shunned.
Milton.
Syn. -- Except, Excepting, But,
Save, Besides.
Excepting, except, but, and
save are exclusive. Except marks exclusion
more pointedly. \'bdI have finished all the letters
except one,\'b8 is more marked than \'bdI have
finished all the letters but one.\'b8
Excepting is the same as except, but less
used. Save is chiefly found in poetry.
Besides (lit., by the side of) is in the nature of
addition. \'bdThere is no one here except or
but him,\'b8 means, take him away and there is nobody
present. \'bdThere is nobody here besides him,\'b8
means, hi is present and by the side of, or in addition to, him
is nobody. \'bdFew ladies, except her Majesty, could
have made themselves heard.\'b8 In this example,
besides should be used, not except.
Ex*cept" (?), conj. Unless; if
it be not so that.
And he said, I will not let thee go, except thou
bless me.
Gen. xxxii. 26.
But yesterday you never opened lip,
Except, indeed, to drink.
Tennyson.
unless has mostly taken
the place of except.
Ex*cept"ant (?), a. Making
exception.
Ex*cept"ing, prep. & conj., but properly
a participle. With rejection or exception of;
excluding; except. \'bdExcepting your worship's
presence.\'b8
Shak.
No one was ever yet made utterly miserable,
excepting by himself.
Lubbock.
Ex*cep"tion (?), n. [L.
exceptio: cf. F. exception.]
1. The act of excepting or excluding; exclusion;
restriction by taking out something which would otherwise be
included, as in a class, statement, rule.
2. That which is excepted or taken out from others;
a person, thing, or case, specified as distinct, or not included;
as, almost every general rule has its
exceptions.
Such rare exceptions, shining in the dark,
Prove, rather than impeach, the just remark.
Cowper.
Often with to.
That proud exception to all nature's laws.
Pope.
3. (Law) An objection, oral or written,
taken, in the course of an action, as to bail or security; or as
to the decision of a judge, in the course of a trail, or in his
charge to a jury; or as to lapse of time, or scandal,
impertinence, or insufficiency in a pleading; also, as in
conveyancing, a clause by which the grantor excepts something
before granted.
Burrill.
4. An objection; cavil; dissent; disapprobation;
offense; cause of offense; -- usually followed by to
or against.
I will never answer what exceptions they can have
against our account [relation].
Bentley.
He . . . took exception to the place of their
burial.
Bacon.
She takes exceptions at your person.
Shak.
Bill of exceptions (Law), a
statement of exceptions to the decision, or instructions of a
judge in the trial of a cause, made for the purpose of putting
the points decided on record so as to bring them before a
superior court or the full bench for review.
Ex*cep"tion*a*ble (?), a.
Liable to exception or objection; objectionable. --
Ex*cep"tion*a*ble*ness,
n.
This passage I look upon to be the most
exceptionable in the whole poem.
Addison.
Ex*cep"tion*al (?), a. [Cf. F.
exceptionnel.] Forming an exception; not
ordinary; uncommon; rare; hence, better than the average;
superior.
Lyell.
This particular spot had exceptional
advantages.
Jowett (Th. )
-- Ex*cep"tion*al*ly(#),
adv.
Ex*cep"tion*er (?), n. One who
takes exceptions or makes objections. [Obs.]
Milton.
Ex*cep"tion*less, a. Without
exception.
A universal, . . . exceptionless
disqualification.
Bancroft.
Ex*cep"tious (?), a. Disposed
or apt to take exceptions, or to object; captious.
[Obs.]
At least effectually silence the doubtful and
exceptious.
South.
-- Ex*cep"tious*ness, n.
[Obs.]
Barrow.
Ex*cept"ive (?), a. That
excepts; including an exception; as, an exceptive
proposition.
I. Watts.
A particular and exceptive law.
Milton.
Ex*cept"less, a. Not exceptional;
usual. [Obs.]
My general and exceptless rashness.
Shak.
Ex*cept"or (?), n. [L., a
scribe.] One who takes exceptions.
T. Burnet.
Ex*cer`e*bra"tion (?), n. [L.
excerebratus deprived of brains; ex out +
cerebrum brain.] The act of removing or
beating out the brains.
Ex*cer"e*brose` (?), a. [See
Excerebration.] Brainless.
[R.]
Ex*cern" (?), v. t. [L.
excernere. See Excrete.] To
excrete; to throw off through the pores; as, fluids are
excerned in perspiration. [R.]
Bacon.
Ex*cern"ent (?), a. [See
Excern.] (Physiol.) Connected
with, or pertaining to, excretion.
Ex*cerp" (?), v. t. [L.
excerpere, excerptum; ex out +
carpere to pick, gather. See Harvest, and cf.
Scarce, a.] To pick out.
[Obs.]
Hales.
Ex*cerpt" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Excerpted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Excerpting.] [From
L. excerptus, p. p. See Excerp.]
To select; to extract; to cite; to quote.
Out of which we have excerpted the following
particulars.
Fuller.
Ex*cerp"t (277), n. An extract;
a passage selected or copied from a book or record.
\'d8Ex*cerp"tion (?), n. [L.
excerptio.] 1. The act of
excerpting or selecting. [R.]
2. That which is selected or gleaned; an
extract. [R.]
His excerptions out of the Fathers.
Fuller.
Ex*cerp"tive (?), a. That
excerpts, selects, or chooses.
D. L. Mackenzie.
Ex*cerp"tor (?), n. One who
makes excerpts; a picker; a culler.
Ex*cess" (?), n. [OE.
exces, excess, ecstasy, L.
excessus a going out, loss of self-possession, fr.
excedere, excessum, to go out, go beyond:
cf. F. exc\'8as. See Exceed.]
1. The state of surpassing or going beyond limits;
the being of a measure beyond sufficiency, necessity, or duty;
that which exceeds what is usual or prover; immoderateness;
superfluity; superabundance; extravagance; as, an
excess of provisions or of light.
To gild refined gold, to paint the lily,
To throw a perfume on the violet, . . .
Is wasteful and ridiculous excess.
Shak.
That kills me with excess of grief, this with
excess of joy.
Walsh.
<-- p. 521 -->
2. An undue indulgence of the appetite;
transgression of proper moderation in natural gratifications;
intemperance; dissipation.
Be not drunk with wine, wherein is excess.
Eph. v. 18.
Thy desire . . . leads to no excess
That reaches blame.
Milton.
3. The degree or amount by which one thing or
number exceeds another; remainder; as, the difference between
two numbers is the excess of one over the
other.
Spherical excess (Geom.), the
amount by which the sum of the three angles of a spherical
triangle exceeds two right angles. The spherical excess is
proportional to the area of the triangle.
Ex*cess"ive (?), a. [Cf. F.
excessif.] Characterized by, or exhibiting,
excess; overmuch.
Excessive grief [is] the enemy to the living.
Shak.
Syn. -- Undue; exorbitant; extreme; overmuch; enormous;
immoderate; monstrous; intemperate; unreasonable. See
Enormous
--Ex*cess*ive*ly, adv.
-Ex*cess"ive*ness, n.
Ex*change" (?), n. [OE.
eschange, eschaunge, OF.
eschange, fr. eschangier, F.
\'82changer, to exchange; pref. ex- out +
F. changer. See Change, and cf.
Excamb.] 1. The act of giving or
taking one thing in return for another which is regarded as an
equivalent; as, an exchange of cattle for
grain.
2. The act of substituting one thing in the place
of another; as, an exchange of grief for joy, or of
a scepter for a sword, and the like; also, the act of giving
and receiving reciprocally; as, an exchange of
civilities or views.
3. The thing given or received in return; esp., a
publication exchanged for another.
Shak.
4. (Com.) The process of setting
accounts or debts between parties residing at a distance from
each other, without the intervention of money, by exchanging
orders or drafts, called bills of exchange. These may
be drawn in one country and payable in another, in which case
they are called foreign bills; or they may be drawn
and made payable in the same country, in which case they are
called inland bills. The term bill of
exchange is often abbreviated into exchange;
as, to buy or sell exchange.
5. (Law) A mutual grant of equal
interests, the one in consideration of the other. Estates
exchanged must be equal in quantity, as fee simple for fee
simple.
Blackstone.
6. The place where the merchants, brokers, and
bankers of a city meet at certain hours, to transact business. In
this sense often contracted to 'Change.
Arbitration of exchange. See under
Arbitration. -- Bill of exchange.
See under Bill. -- Exchange broker.
See under Broker. -- Par of
exchange, the established value of the coin or standard
of value of one country when expressed in the coin or standard of
another, as the value of the pound sterling in the currency of
France or the United States. The par of exchange rarely
varies, and serves as a measure for the rise and fall of exchange
that is affected by the demand and supply. Exchange is at
par when, for example, a bill in New York, for the payment
of one hundred pounds sterling in London, can be purchased for
the sum. Exchange is in favor of a place when it can be
purchased there at or above par. -- Telephone
exchange, a central office in which the wires of any
two telephones or telephone stations may be connected to permit
conversation.
Syn. -- Barter; dealing; trade; traffic; interchange.
Ex*change", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Exchanged (?);p. pr. & vb.
n. Exchanging (?).]
[Cf.OF. eschangier, F. \'82changer.
See Exchange, n.] 1. To
part with give, or transfer to another in consideration of
something received as an equivalent; -- usually followed by
for before the thing received.
Exchange his sheep for shells, or wool for a
sparking pebble or a diamond.
Locke.
2. To part with for a substitute; to lay aside,
quit, or resign (something being received in place of the thing
/ with); as, to exchange a palace for
cell.
And death for life exchanged foolishly.
Spenser.
To shift his being
Is to exchange one misery with another.
Shak.
3. To give and receive reciprocally, as things of
the same kind; to barter; to swap; as, to exchange
horses with a neighbor; to exchange houses or
hats.
Exchange forgiveness with me, noble Hamlet.
Shak.
Syn. -- To barter; change; commute; interchange; bargain;
truck; swap; traffic.
Ex*change", v. i. To be changed or
received in exchange for; to pass in exchange; as, dollar
exchanges for ten dimes.
Ex*change`a*bil"i*ty (?), n.
The quality or state of being exchangeable.
The law ought not be contravened by an express article
admitting the exchangeability of such persons.
Washington.
Ex*change"a*ble (?), a. [Cf.F.
\'82changeable.] 1. Capable of
being exchanged; fit or proper to be exchanged.
The officers captured with Burgoyne were
exchangeable within the powers of General Howe.
Marshall.
2. Available for making exchanges; ratable.
\'bdAn exchangeable value.\'b8
J. S. Mill.
Ex*change"a*bly, adv. By way of
exchange.
Ex*chan"ger (?), n. One who
exchanges; one who practices exchange.
Matt./.
Ex*cheat" (?), n. See
Escheat. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Ex*cheat"or (?), n. See
Escheator. [Obs.]
Ex*cheq"uer (?), n. [OE.
escheker, OF. eichekier, fr. LL.
scaccarium. See Checker, Chess,
Check.] 1. One of the superior
courts of law; -- so called from a checkered cloth, which covers,
or formerly covered, the table. [Eng.]
exchequer was a court of law and
equity. In the revenue department, it had jurisdiction over the
proprietary rights of the crown against subjects; in the common
law department, it administered justice in personal actions
between subject and subject. A person proceeding against another
in the revenue department was said to exchequer him.
The judges of this court were one chief and four puisne barons,
so styled. The Court of Exchequer Chamber sat as court
of error in which the judgments of each of the superior courts of
common law, in England, were subject to revision by the judges of
the other two sitting collectively. Causes involving difficult
questions of law were sometimes after argument, adjourned into
this court from the other courts, for debate before judgment in
the court below. Recent legislation in England (1880) has
abolished the Court of Exchequer and the Court of Exchequer
Chamber, as distinct tribunals, a single board of judiciary, the
High Court of Justice, being established for the trial of all
classes of civil cases.
Wharton.
2. The department of state having charge of the
collection and management of the royal revenue.
[Eng.] Hence, the treasury; and, colloquially,
pecuniary possessions in general; as, the company's
exchequer is low.
Barons of the exchequer. See under
Baron. -- Chancellor of the exchequer.
See under Chancellor. --
Exchequer bills
(Eng.), bills of money, or promissory bills,
issued from the exchequer by authority of Parliament; a species
of paper currency emitted under the authority of the government,
and bearing interest.
Ex*cheq"uer (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exchequered
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Exchequering.] To institute a process
against (any one) in the Court of Exchequer.
Ex*cide" (?), v. t. [L.
excidere, excisum; ex out +
caedere to cut. See Concise, and cf.
Excise to cut off.] To cut off.
[R.]
Ex*cip"i*ent (?), a. [L.
excipients, -entis, p. pr. of
exipere. See Except, v. t.]
Taking an exception.
Ex*cip"i*ent, n. 1. An
exceptor. [R.]
2. (Med.) An inert or slightly active
substance used in preparing remedies as a vehicle or medium of
administration for the medicinal agents.
Chambers.
{ Ex"ci*ple (?), \'d8Ex*cip"u*lum
(?), } n. [NL.
excipulum, fr. L. excipere. See
Except.] (Bot.) The outer part of
the fructification of most lichens.
Ex*cis"a*ble (?), a. Liable or
subject to excise; as, tobacco in an excisable
commodity.
Ex*cise" (?), n. [Apparently
fr. L. excisum cut off, fr. excidere to cut
out or off; ex out, off + caedere to cut;
or, as the word was formerly written accise, fr. F.
accise, LL. accisia, as if fr. L.
accidere, accisum, to cut into; ad +
caedere to cut; but prob. transformed fr. OF.
assise, LL. assisa, assisia,
assize. See Assize, Concise.]
1. In inland duty or impost operating as an
indirect tax on the consumer, levied upon certain specified
articles, as, tobacco, ale, spirits, etc., grown or manufactured
in the country. It is also levied to pursue certain trades and
deal in certain commodities. Certain direct taxes (as, in
England, those on carriages, servants, plate, armorial bearings,
etc.), are included in the excise. Often used adjectively;
as, excise duties; excise law;
excise system.
The English excise system corresponds to the
internal revenue system in the United States.
Abbot.
An excise . . . is a fixed, absolute, and direct
charge laid on merchandise, products, or commodities.
11 Allen's (Mass. ) Rpts.
2. That department or bureau of the public service
charged with the collection of the excise taxes.
[Eng.]
Ex*cise", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Excised (?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Excising.] 1. To lay
or impose an excise upon.
2. To impose upon; to overcharge.
[Prov. Eng.]
Ex*cise", v. t. [See
Excide.] To cut out or off; to separate and
remove; as, to excise a tumor.
Ex*cise"man (?), n.; pl.
Excisemen (/). An officer who
inspects and rates articles liable to excise duty.
Macaulay.
Ex*ci"sion (?), n. [L.
excisio: cf. F. excision. See
Excide.] 1. The act of excising or
cutting out or off; extirpation; destruction.
Such conquerors are the instruments of vengeance on those
nations that have . . . grown ripe for excision.
Atterbury.
2. (Eccl.) The act of cutting off from
the church; excommunication.
3. (Surg.) The removal, especially of
small parts, with a cutting instrument.
Dunglison.
Ex*cit"a*bil"i*ty (?), n. [Cf.
F. excitabilit\'82.] 1. The
quality of being readily excited; proneness to be affected by
exciting causes.
2. (Physiol.) The property manifested by
living organisms, and the elements and tissues of which they are
constituted, of responding to the action of stimulants;
irritability; as, nervous excitability.
Ex*cit"a*ble (?), a. [L.
excitabilis inciting: cf. F.
excitable.] Capable of being excited, or
roused into action; susceptible of excitement; easily stirred up,
or stimulated.
Ex*cit"ant (?), a. [L.
excitans, -antis, p. pr. of
excitare: cf. F. excitant.]
Tending to excite; exciting.
Ex*cit"ant, n. (Physiol.) An
agent or influence which arouses vital activity, or produces
increased action, in a living organism or in any of its tissues
or parts; a stimulant.
Ex*cit"ate (?), v. t. [L.
excitatus, p.p. of excitare. See
Excite.] To excite. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Ex`ci*ta"tion (?) n. [L.
excitatio: cf. F. excitation.]
1. The act of exciting or putting in motion; the
act of rousing up or awakening.
Bacon.
2. (Physiol.) The act of producing
excitement (stimulation); also, the excitement produced.
Ex*cit"a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
excitatif.] Having power to excite; tending
or serving to excite; excitatory.
Barrow.
Ex"ci*ta`tor (?), n. [L., one
who rouses.] (Elec.) A kind of
discarder.
Ex*cit"a*to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F.
excitatoire.] Tending to excite; containing
excitement; excitative.
Ex*cite" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Excited; p. pr.
& vb. n. exciting.] [L.
excitare; ex out + citare to
move rapidly, to rouse: cf. OF. esciter,
exciter, F. exciter. See
Cite.]
1. To call to activity in any way; to rouse to
feeling; to kindle to passionate emotion; to stir up to combined
or general activity; as, to excite a person, the
spirits, the passions; to excite a mutiny or
insurrection; to excite heat by friction.
2. (Physiol.) To call forth or increase
the vital activity of an organism, or any of its parts.
Syn. -- To incite; awaken; animate; rouse or arouse;
stimulate; inflame; irritate; provoke. -- To
Excite, Incite. When we excite we
rouse into action feelings which were less strong; when we
incite we spur on or urge forward to a specific act or
end. Demosthenes excited the passions of the Athenians
against Philip, and thus incited the whole nation to
unite in the war against him. Antony, by his speech over the body
of C\'91sar, so excited the feelings of the populace,
that Brutus and his companions were compelled to flee from Rome;
many however, were incited to join their standard, not
only by love of liberty, but hopes of plunder.
Ex*cite"ful (?), n. Full of
exciting qualities; as, an exciteful story;
exciteful players.
Chapman.
Ex*cite"ment (?) n. [Cf. OF.
excitement, escitement.] 1.
The act of exciting, or the state of being roused into
action, or of having increased action; impulsion; agitation;
as, an excitement of the people.
2. That which excites or rouses; that which moves,
stirs, or induces action; a motive.
The cares and excitements of a season of transition
and struggle.
Talfowrd.
3. (Physiol.) A state of aroused or
increased vital activity in an organism, or any of its organs or
tissues.
Ex*cit"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, excites.
Hope is the grand exciter of industry.
Dr. H. More.
Ex*cit"ing, a. Calling or rousing into
action; producing excitement; as, exciting events;
an exciting story. --
Ex*cit"ing*ly, adv.
Exciting causes (Med.), those which
immediately produce disease, or those which excite the action of
predisposing causes.
Ex*cit"ive (?), a. Serving or
tending to excite; excitative. [R.]
Bamfield.
Ex*cit"ive, n. That which excites; an
excitant. [R.]
Ex*ci`to-mo"tion (?), n.
(Physiol.) Motion excited by reflex nerves. See
Excito-motory.
Ex*ci`to-mo"tor (?), a.
(Physiol.) Excitomotory; as,
excito-motor power or causes.
Ex*ci`to-mo"to*ry (?), a.
(Physiol.) Exciting motion; -- said of that
portion of the nervous system concerned in reflex action, by
which impressions are transmitted to a nerve center and then
reflected back so as to produce muscular contraction without
sensation or volition.
Ex*ci`to-nu"tri*ent (?), a
(Physiol.) Exciting nutrition; said of the reflex
influence by which the nutritional processes are either excited
or modified.
Ex*ci`to-se*cre"to*ry (?), a.
(Physiol.) Exciting secretion; -- said of the
influence exerted by reflex action on the function of secretion,
by which the various glands are excited to action.
Ex*claim" (?), v. t.& i.
[imp. & p. p. Exclaimed
(?);p. pr. & vb. n.
Exclaiming.] [L. exclamare,
exclamatum; ex + clamare to cry out; cf.
OF. exclamer. See Clam.] To cry
out from earnestness or passion; to utter with vehemence; to call
out or declare loudly; to protest vehemently; to vociferate; to
shout; as, to exclaim against oppression with wonder
or astonishment; \'bdThe field is won!\'b8 he
exclaimed.
Ex*claim", n. Outcry; clamor.
[Archaic]
Cursing cries and deep exclaims.
Shak.
Ex*claim"er, n. One who exclaims.
Ex`cla*ma"tion (?), n. [L.
exclamatio: cf. F. exclamation.]
1. A loud calling or crying out; outcry; loud or
emphatic utterance; vehement vociferation; clamor; that which is
cried out, as an expression of feeling; sudden expression of
sound or words indicative of emotion, as in surprise, pain,
grief, joy, anger, etc.
Exclamations against abuses in the church.
Hooker.
Thus will I drown your exclamations.
Shak.
A festive exclamation not unsuited to the
occasion.
Trench.
2. (Rhet.) A word expressing outcry; an
interjection; a word expressing passion, as wonder, fear, or
grief.
3. (Print.) A mark or sign by which
outcry or emphatic utterance is marked; thus [!]; -- called also
exclamation point.
Ex*clam"a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
exclamatif.] Exclamatory.
Earle. -- Ex*clam"a*tive*ly,
adv.
Ex*clam"a*to*ry (?), a.
Containing, expressing, or using exclamation; as, an
exclamatory phrase or speaker.
South. -- Ex*clam"a*to*ti*ly
(#), adv.
Ex*clave" (?), n. [Formed fr.
enclave by substitution of ex- for
en-] A portion of a country which is
separated from the main part and surrounded by politically alien
territory. [Recent.]
enclave in
respect to the surrounding country and an exclave with
respect to the country to which it is politically
attached.
Ex*clude" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Excluded; p.
pr. & vb. n. Excluding.] [L.
excludere, exclusum; ex out +
claudere to shut. See Close.]
1. To shut out; to hinder from entrance or
admission; to debar from participation or enjoyment; to deprive
of; to except; -- the opposite to admit; as,
to exclude a crowd from a room or house; to
exclude the light; to exclude one nation from
the ports of another; to exclude a taxpayer from the
privilege of voting.
And none but such, from mercy I exclude.
Milton.
2. To thrust out or eject; to expel; as, to
exclude young animals from the womb or from
eggs.
Excluded middle. (logic) The name
given to the third of the \'bdthree logical axioms,\'b8
so-called, namely, to that one which is expressed by the formula:
\'bdEverything is either A or Not-A.\'b8 no third state or
condition being involved or allowed. See Principle of
contradiction, under Contradiction.
Ex*clu"sion (?), n. [L.
exclusio: cf. F. exclusion. See
Exclude.] 1. The act of excluding,
or of shutting out, whether by thrusting out or by preventing
admission; a debarring; rejection; prohibition; the state of
being excluded.
His sad exclusion from the doors of bliss.
Milton.
The exclusion of the duke from the crown of England
and Ireland.
Hume.
2. (Physiol.) The act of expelling or
ejecting a fetus or an egg from the womb.
3. Thing emitted.
Sir T. Browne.
Ex*clu"sion*a*ry (?), a.
Tending to exclude; causing exclusion; exclusive.
Ex*clu"sion*ism (?), n. The
character, manner, or principles of an exclusionist.
Ex*clu"sion*ist, n. One who would
exclude another from some right or privilege; esp., one of the
anti-popish politicians of the time of Charles /.
Ex*clu"sive (?) a. [Cf. F.
exclusif.] 1. Having the power of
preventing entrance; debarring from participation or enjoyment;
possessed and enjoyed to the exclusion of others; as,
exclusive bars; exclusive privilege;
exclusive circles of society.
2. Not taking into the account; excluding from
consideration; -- opposed to inclusive; as, five
thousand troops, exclusive of artillery.
Ex*clu"sive, n. One of a coterie who
exclude others; one who from real of affected fastidiousness
limits his acquaintance to a select few.
Ex*clu"sive*ness, n. Quality of being
exclusive.
Ex*clu"siv*ism (?), n. The act
or practice of excluding being exclusive; exclusiveness.
Ex*clu"siv*ist, n. One who favor or
practices any from of exclusiveness or exclusivism.
The field of Greek mythology . . . the favorite sporting
ground of the exclusivists of the solar theory.
Gladstone.
Ex*clu"so*ry (?), a. [L.
exclusorius.] Able to exclude; excluding;
serving to exclude.
Ex*coct" (?) v. t. [L.
excoctus, p.p. of excoquere to excoct. See
3d Cook.] To boil out; to produce by
boiling. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Ex*coc"tion (?). [L.
excoctio.] The act of excocting or boiling
out. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Ex*cog"i*tate (?) v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Excogitated
(#); p. pr. & vb. n..
Excogitating.] [L.
excogitatus, p. p. of excogitare to
excogitate; ex out + cogitare to think. See
Cogitate.] To think out; to find out or
discover by thinking; to devise; to contrive.
\'bdExcogitate strange arts.\'b8
Stirling.
This evidence . . . thus excogitated out of the
general theory.
Whewell.
Ex*cog"i*tate, v. i. To cogitate.
[R.]
Bacon.
Ex*cog`i*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
excogitatio: cf. F. excogitation.]
The act of excogitating; a devising in the thoughts;
invention; contrivance.
Ex`com*mune" (?) v. t. [Cf. F.
excommuier. See Excommunicate.] To
exclude from participation in; to excommunicate.
[Obs.]
Poets . . . were excommuned Plato's common
wealth
Gayton.
Ex`com*mu"ni*ca*ble (?), a.
[See Excommunicate.] Liable or deserving
to be excommunicated; making excommunication possible or
proper. \'bdPersons excommunicable .\'b8
Bp. Hall.
What offenses are excommunicable ?
Kenle.
Ex`com*mu"ni*cant (?), n. One
who has been excommunicated.
Ex"com*mu"ni*cate (?), a. [L.
excommunicatus, p. p. of communicare to
excommunicate; ex out + communicare. See
Communicate.] Excommunicated; interdicted
from the rites of the church. -- n.
One excommunicated.
Thou shalt stand cursed and excommunicate.
Shak.
Ex`com*mu"ni*cate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Excommunicated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Excommunicating
(?).] 1. To put out of
communion; especially, to cut off, or shut out, from communion
with the church, by an ecclesiastical sentence.
2. To lay under the ban of the church; to
interdict.
Martin the Fifth . . . was the first that
excommunicated the reading of heretical books.
Miltin.
Ex`com*mu`ni*ca"tion (?), n.
[L. excommunicatio: cf. F.
excommunication.] The act of communicating
or ejecting; esp., an ecclesiastical censure whereby the person
against whom it is pronounced is, for the time, cast out of the
communication of the church; exclusion from fellowship in things
spiritual.
lesser and the greater; the
lesser excommunication is a separation or suspension
from partaking of the Eucharist; the greater is an
absolute execution of the offender from the church and all its
rights and advantages, even from social intercourse with the
faithful.
Ex`com*mu"ni*ca`tor (?) n. [Cf.
LL. excommunicator.] One who
excommunicates.
Ex`com*mun"ion (?). A shutting out from
communion; excommunication. [Obs.]
Excommunication is the utmost of ecclesiastical
judicature.
Milton.
Ex*co"ri*a*ble (?). Capable of being
excoriated.
The scaly covering of fishes, . . . even in such as are
excoriatable,/qex>.
Sir T. Browne.
Ec*co"ri*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Excoriated
(?);p. pr. & vb. n. excoriating
(?).] [L. excoriare;
ex out + corium hide. cf. Scourge;
see Cuirass.] To strip or wear off the skin
of; to abrade; to gall; to break and remove the cuticle of, in
any manner, as by rubbing, beating, or by the action of acrid
substances.
Ex*co`ri*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
excoriation.] 1. The act of
excoriating or flaying, or state of being excoriated, or stripped
of the skin; abrasion.
2. Stripping of possession; spoliation.
[Obs.]
A pitiful excoriation of the poorer sort.
Howell.
Ex*cor"ti*cate (?), v. t. [L.
ex out, from + cortex, corticis,
bark.] To strip of bark or skin; to decorticate.
[Obs.] \'bdExcorticate the tree.\'b8
Evelyn.
Ex*cor`ti*ca"tion (?), n. [Cf.
F. excortication.] The act of stripping off
bark, or the state of being thus stripped; decortication.
Ex"cre*a*ble (?), a. [L.
excreabilis, exscreabilis, fr.
exscreare. See Excreate.] Capable
of being discharged by spitting. [Obs.]
Swift.
Ex"cre*ate (?), v. t. [L.
excreare, exsreare; ex out +
screare to hawk.] To spit out; to discharge
from the throat by hawking and spitting.
[Obs.]
Cockeram.
Ex`cre*a"tion (?), n. [L.
excreatio, exscreatio.] Act of
spitting out. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
Ex"cre*ment (?), n. [L.
excrementum, fr. excernere,
excretum, to skin out, discharge: cf. F.
excr\'82ment. See Excrete.] Matter
excreted and ejected; that which is excreted or cast out of the
animal body by any of the natural emunctories; especially,
alvine, discharges; dung; ordure.
Ex"cre*ment, n. [L.
excrementum, fr. excrescere,
excretum, to grow out. See
Excrescence.] An excrescence or appendage; an
outgrowth. [Obs.] \'bdOrnamental
excrements.\'b8
Fuller.
Living creatures put forth (after their period of growth)
nothing that is young but hair and nails, which are
excrements and no parts.
Bacon.
Ex`cre*men"tal (?), a. Of or
pertaining to excrement.
{ Ex`cre*men*ti"tial (?),
Ex`cre*men*ti"tious (?), } a.
(Physiol.) Pertaining to, or consisting of,
excrement; of the nature of excrement.
Ex`cre*men"tive (?), a. Serving
to excrete; connected with excretion or excrement.
[R.] \'bdThe excrementive parts.\'b8
Felthman.
Ex"cre*ment*ize` (?) v. i. To
void excrement. [R.]
Life of A. Wood /.
Ex*cres"cence (?) n. [F.
excrescence, excroissanse, L.
excrescentia excrescences, neut. pl. of p. pr. of
excrescere. See Excrescent.] An
excrescent appendage, as, a wart or tumor; anything growing out
unnaturally from anything else; a preternatural or morbid
development; hence, a troublesome superfluity; an incumbrance;
as, an excrescence on the body, or on a
plant. \'bdExcrescences of joy.\'b8
Jer. Taylor.
The excrescences of the Spanish monarchy.
Addison.
Ex*cres"cen*cy (?), n.
Excrescence. [Obs.]
Ex*cres"cent (?), a. [L.
excresens, -entis, p. pr. of
excrescere to grow out ; ex out +
crescere to grow. See Crescent.]
Growing out in an abnormal or morbid manner or as a
superfluity.
Expunge the whole, or lip the excrescent parts.
Pope.
Excrescent letter (Philol.), a
letter which has been added to a root; as, the d in
alder (AS. alr) is an excrescent
letter.
Ex`cres*cen"tial (?) a.
Pertaining to, or resembling, an excrescence.
[R.]
Hawthorne.
\'d8Ex*cre"ta (?), n. pl.
[L.] Matters to be excreted.
Ex*crete" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Excreted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Excreting.] [L.
excretus, p. p. of excernere to sift out,
discharge; ex out + cernere to sift,
separate. See Crisis.] To separate and throw
off; to excrete urine. \'bdThe mucus thus
excreted.\'b8
Hooper.
Ex"cre*tin (?), n. [From
Excrete.] (physiol. Chem.) A
nonnitrogenous, crystalline body, present in small quantity in
human f\'91ces.
Ex*cre"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
excr\'82tion.]
1. The act of excreting.
To promote secretion and excretion.
Pereira.
2. That which is excreted; excrement.
Bacon.
Ex*cre"tive (?), a. Having the
power of excreting, or promoting excretion.
Harvey.
Ex*cre"to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F.
excr\'82toire.] Having the quality of
excreting, or throwing off excrementitious matter.
Ex*cru"ci*a*ble (?), a. [L.
excruciabilis.] Liable to torment.
[R.]
Bailey.
Ex*cru"ci*ate (?), a. [L.
excruciatus, p. p. of excruciare to
excruciate; ex out + cruciare to put to
death on a cross, to torment. See Cruciate,
Cross.] Excruciated; tortured.
And here my heart long time excruciate.
Chapman.
Ex*cru"ci*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Excruciated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Excruciating
(?).] To inflict agonizing pain upon;
to torture; to torment greatly; to rack; as, to
excruciate the heart or the body.
Their thoughts, like devils, them excruciate.
Drayton.
Ex*cru"ci*a`ting (?). Torturing; racking.
\'bdExcruciating pain.\'b8 V. Knox.
\'bdExcruciating fears.\'b8 Bentley --
Ex*cru"ci*a`ting*ly,
adv.
Ex*cru`ci*a"tion (?) n. [L.
excruciatio.] The act of inflicting
agonizing pain, or the state of being thus afflicted; that which
excruciates; torture.
Feltham.
Ex`cu*ba"tion (?) n. [L.
excubatio, fr. excubare to lie out on
guard; ex out on guard; ex out +
cubare to lie down.] A keeping watch.
[Obs.]
Bailey.
\'d8Ex*cu`bi*to"ri*um (?), n.
[LL. excubitorium; ex out +
cubare, cubitum, to lie.] (Eccl.
Antiq.) A gallery in a church, where persons watched
all night.
Ex*cul"pa*ble (?). Capable of being
exculpated; deserving exculpation.
Sir G. Buck.
Ex*cul"pate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exculpated
(?), p. pr. & vb. n.. Exculpating
(/).] [L. ex out +
culpatus, p. p. of culpare to find fault
with, to blame, culpa fault. See
Culpable.] To clear from alleged fault or
guilt; to prove to be guiltless; to relieve of blame; to
acquit.
He exculpated himself from being the author of the
heroic epistle.
Mason.
I exculpate him further for his writing against
me.
Milman.
Syn. -- To exonerate; absolve; clear; acquit; excuse;
vindicate; justify.
Ex`cul*pa"tion (?), n. [Cf. LL.
exculpatio.] The act of exculpating from
alleged fault or crime; that which exculpates; excuse.
These robbers, however, were men who might have made out a
strong case in exculpation of themselves.
Southey.
Ex*cul"pa*to*ry (?). Clearing, or tending
to clear, from alleged fault or guilt; excusing. \'bdAn
exculpatory letter.\'b8
Johnson.
Ex*cur" (?) i. [L.
excurrere. See Excurrent.] To run
out or forth; to extend. [Obs.]
Harvey.
Ex*cur"rent (?), a. [L.
excurrens, p. p. of excurrere, excursum, to run out;
ex out + currere to run. See
Current.] 1. Running or flowing
out; as: (Bot.) Running or extending out;
as, an excurrent midrib, one which projects beyond
the apex of a leaf; an excurrent steam or trunk, one
which continues to the top.
2. (Zo\'94l) Characterized by a current
which flows outward; as, an excurrent orifice or
tube.
Ex*curse" (?), v. t. [See
excurrent.] To journey or pass thought.
[R.]
Ex*cur"sion (?). [L. excursio:
cf. F. excursion. See Excurrent.]
1. A running or going out or forth; an expedition;
a sally.
Far on excursion toward the gates of hell.
Milton.
They would make excursions and waste the
country.
Holland.
2. A journey chiefly for recreation; a pleasure
trip; a brief tour; as, an excursion into the
country.
3. A wandering from a subject; digression.
I am not in a scribbling mood, and shall therefore make no
excursions.
Cowper.
4. (Mach.) Length of stroke, as of a
piston; stroke. [An awkward use of the word.]
Syn. -- Journey; tour; ramble; jaunt. See
Journey.
Ex*cur"sion*ist, n. One who goes on an
excursion, or pleasure trip.
Ex*cur"sive (?), a. Prone to
make excursions; wandering; roving; exploring; as, an
excursive fancy.
The course of excursive . . . understandings.
I. Taylor.
-- Ex*cur"sive*ly, adv. --
Ex*cur"sive*ness, , n.
\'d8Ex*cur"sus (?), n. [L., fr.
excurrere, excursum. See
Excurrent.] A dissertation or digression
appended to a work, and containing a more extended exposition of
some important point or topic.
Ex*cus"a*ble (?) a. [L.
excusabilis: cf. F. excusable. See
Excuse.] That may be excused, forgiven,
justified, or acquitted of blame; pardonable; as, the man is
excusable; an excusable action. --
Ex*cus"a*ble*ness, n. --
Ex*cus"a*bly, adv.
The excusableness of my dissatisfaction.
Boyle.
Ex`cu*sa"tion (?), n. [L.
excusatio: cf. F. excusation.]
Excuse; apology. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Ex`cu*sa"tor (?), n. [L.]
One who makes, or is authorized to make, an excuse; an
apologist. [Obs.]
Hume.
Ex*cus"a*to*ry (?), a. Making
or containing excuse or apology; apologetical; as, an
excusatory plea.
Ex*cuse" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Excused
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Excusing.] [OE. escusen,
cusen, OF. escuser, excuser, F.
excuser, fr. L. excusare; ex out
+ causa cause, causari to plead. See
Cause.]
1. To free from accusation, or the imputation of
fault or blame; to clear from guilt; to release from a charge; to
justify by extenuating a fault; to exculpate; to absolve; to
acquit.
A man's persuasion that a thing is duty, will not
excuse him from guilt in practicing it, if really and
indeed it be against Gog's law.
Abp. Sharp.
2. To pardon, as a fault; to forgive entirely, or
to admit to be little censurable, and to overlook; as, we
excuse irregular conduct, when extraordinary
circumstances appear to justify it.
I must excuse what can not be amended.
Shak.
3. To regard with indulgence; to view leniently or
to overlook; to pardon.
And in our own (excuse some courtly stains.)
No whiter page than Addison remains.
Pope.
4. To free from an impending obligation or duty;
hence, to disengage; to dispense with; to release by favor; also,
to remit by favor; not to exact; as, to excuse a
forfeiture.
I pray thee have me excused.
xiv. 19.
5. To relieve of an imputation by apology or
defense; to make apology for as not seriously evil; to ask pardon
or indulgence for.
Think ye that we excuse ourselves to you?
2 Cor. xii. 19.
Syn. -- To vindicate; exculpate; absolve; acquit.
- To Pardon, Excuse, Forgive. A
superior pardons as an act of mercy or generosity;
either a superior or an equal excuses. A crime, great
fault, or a grave offence, as one against law or morals, may be
pardoned; a small fault, such as a failure in social
or conventional obligations, slight omissions or neglects may be
excused. Forgive relates to offenses
against one's self, and punishment foregone; as, to
forgive injuries or one who has injured us; to
pardon grave offenses, crimes, and criminals; to
excuse an act of forgetfulness, an unintentional
offense. Pardon is also a word of courtesy employed in
the sense of excuse.
<-- p. 523 -->
Ex*cuse" (?), n. [Cf. F.
excuse. See Excuse, v. t.]
1. The act of excusing, apologizing, exculpating,
pardoning, releasing, and the like; acquittal; release;
absolution; justification; extenuation.
Pleading so wisely in excuse of it.
Shak.
2. That which is offered as a reason for being
excused; a plea offered in extenuation of a fault or irregular
deportment; apology; as, an excuse for neglect of
duty; excuses for delay of payment.
Hence with denial vain and coy excuse.
Milton.
3. That which excuses; that which extenuates or
justifies a fault. \'bdIt hath the excuse of
youth.\'b8
Shak.
If eyes were made for seeing.
Then beauty is its own excuse for being.
Emerson.
Syn. -- See Apology.
Ex*cuse"less, a. Having no excuse; not
admitting of excuse or apology.
Whillock.
Ex*cuse"ment (?), n. [Cf. OF.
excusement.] Excuse.
[Obs.]
Gower.
Ex*cus"er (?), n. 1.
One who offers excuses or pleads in extenuation of the fault
of another.
Swift.
2. One who excuses or forgives another.
Shelton.
Ex*cuss" (?), v. t. [L.
excussus. p. p. of excutere to shake off;
ex out, from + quatere to shake. Cf.
Quash.] 1. To shake off; to
discard. [R.]
To excuss the notation of a Geity out of their
minds.
Bp. Stillingfleet.
2. To inspect; to investigate; to decipher.
[R.]
To take some pains in excusing some old monuments.
F. Junius (1654).
3. To seize and detain by law, as goods.
[Obs.]
Ayliffe.
Ex*cus"sion (?), n. [L.
excussio a shaking down; LL., a threshing of corn: cf.
F. excussion.] The act of excusing; seizure
by law. [Obs.]
Ayliffe.
\'d8Ex"e*at (?), n. [L., let
him go forth.] 1. A license for absence from
a college or a religious house. [Eng.]
Shipley.
2. A permission which a bishop grants to a priest
to go out of his diocese.
Wharton.
Ex"e*cra*ble (?), a. [L.
execrabilis, exsecrabilis: cf. F.
ex\'82crable. See Execrate.]
Deserving to be execrated; accursed; damnable; detestable;
abominable; as, an execrable wretch.
\'bdExecrable pride.\'b8
Hooker.
-- Ex"e*cra*ble*ness, n. --
Ex"e*cra*bly, adv.
Ex"e*crate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Execrated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Execrating
(?).] [L. execratus,
exsecratus, p. p. of execrare,
exsecrare, to execrate; ex out +
sacer holy, sacred. See Sacred.]
To denounce evil against, or to imprecate evil upon; to
curse; to protest against as unholy or detestable; hence, to
detest utterly; to abhor; to abominate. \'bdThey . . .
execrate their lct.\'b8
Cowper.
Ex`e*cra"tion (?), n. [L.
execratio, exsecratio: cf. F.
ex\'82cration.] 1. The act of
cursing; a curse dictated by violent feelings of hatred;
imprecation; utter detestation expressed.
Cease, gentle, queen, these execrations.
Shak.
2. That which is execrated; a detested thing.
Ye shall be an execration and . . . a curse.
Jer. xlii. 18.
Syn. -- See Malediction.
Ex"e*cra*tive (?), a. Cursing;
imprecatory; vilifying. Carlyle. --
Ex"e*cra*tive*ly, adv.
Ex"e*cra*tive, n. A word used for
cursing; an imprecatory word or expression.
Earle.
Ex"e*cra*to*ry (?), a. Of the
nature of execration; imprecatory; denunciatory. C.
Kingsley. -- n. A formulary of
execrations.
L. Addison.
Ex*ect" (?), v. t. [See
Exsect.] To cut off or out.
[Obs.] See Exsect.
Harvey.
Ex*ec"tion (?), n.
[Obs.] See Exsection.
Ex"e*cu`ta*ble (?), a. Capable
of being executed; feasible; as, an executable
project. [R.]
Ex*ec"u*tant (?), n. One who
executes or performs; esp., a performer on a musical
instrument.
Great executants on the organ.
De Quincey.
Ex"e*cute (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Executed
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Executing
(?).] [F. ex\'82cuter, L.
executus, exsecutus, p. p. of
exequi to follow to the end, pursue; ex out
+ sequi to follow. See Second, Sue
to follow up, and cf. Exequy.] 1. To
follow out or through to the end; to carry out into complete
effect; to complete; to finish; to effect; to perform;
Why delays
His hand to execute what his decree
Fixed on this day?
Milton.
2. To complete, as a legal instrument; to perform
what is required to give validity to, as by signing and perhaps
sealing and delivering; as, to execute a deed,
lease, mortgage, will, etc.
3. To give effect to; to do what is provided or
required by; to perform the requirements or stimulations of;
as, to execute a decree, judgment, writ, or
process.
4. To infect capital punishment on; to put to death
in conformity to a legal sentence; as, to execute a
traitor.
5. Too put to death illegally; to kill.
[Obs.]
Shak.
6. (Mus.) To perform, as a piece of
music, either on an instrument or with the voice; as, to
execute a difficult part brilliantly.
Syn. -- To accomplish; effect; fulfill; achieve; consummate;
finish; complete. See Accomplish.
Ex"e*cute, v. i. 1. To do one's
work; to act one's part of purpose. [R.]
Hayward.
2. To perform musically.
Ex"e*cu`ter (?), n. One who
performs or carries into effect. See Executor.
Ex`e*cu"tion (?), n. [F.
ex\'82cution, L. executio,
exsecutio.] 1. The act of
executing; a carrying into effect or to completion; performance;
achievement; consummation; as, the execution of a
plan, a work, etc.
The excellence of the subject contributed much to the
happiness of the execution.
Dryden.
2. A putting to death as a legal penalty; death
lawfully inflicted; as, the execution of a
murderer.
A warrant for his execution.
Shak.
3. The act of the mode of performing a work of art,
of performing on an instrument, of engraving, etc.; as, the
execution of a statue, painting, or piece of
music.
The first quality of execution is truth.
Ruskin.
4. (Law) (a) The carrying into
effect the judgment given in a court of law. (b)
A judicial writ by which an officer is empowered to carry a
judgment into effect; final process. (c) The
act of signing, and delivering a legal instrument, or giving it
the forms required to render it valid; as, the
execution of a deed, or a will.
5. That which is executed or accomplished; effect;
effective work; -- usually with do.
To do some fatal execution.
Shak.
6. The act of sacking a town.
[Obs.]
Beau. & FL.
Ex`e*cu"tion*er (?), n. 1.
One who executes; an executer.
Bacon.
2. One who puts to death in conformity to legal
warrant, as a hangman.
Ex*ec"u*tive (?), a. [Cf.F.
ex\'82cutif.] Designed or fitted for
execution, or carrying into effect; as, executive
talent; qualifying for, concerned with, or pertaining to, the
execution of the laws or the conduct of affairs; as,
executive power or authority; executive
duties, officer, department, etc.
executive is distinguished
from legislative and judicial;
legislative being applied to the organ or organs of
government which make the laws; judicial, to that
which interprets and applies the laws; executive, to
that which carries them into effect or secures their due
performance.
Ex*ec"u*tive, n. An impersonal title of
the chief magistrate or officer who administers the government,
whether king, president, or governor; the governing person or
body.
Ex*ec"u*tive*ly, adv. In the way of
executing or performing.
Ex*ec"u*tor (?), n. [L.
executor, exsecutor: cf. F.
ex\'82cuteur. Cf. Executer.]
1. One who executes or performs; a doer; as, an
executor of baseness.
Shak.
2. An executioner. [Obs.]
Delivering o'er to executors pa . . .
The lazy, yawning drone.
Shak.
3. (Law) The person appointed by a /
to execute his will, or to see its provisions carried into
effect, after his decease.
\'d8Executor de son tort [Of., executor of
his own wrong] (Law), a stranger who
intermeddles without authority in the distribution of the estate
of a deceased person.
Ex*ec`u*to"ri*al (?), a. [LL.
executorialis.] Of or pertaining to an
executive.
Ex*ec"u*tor*ship (?), n. The
office of an executor.
Ex*ec"u*to*ry (?), a. [LL.
executorius, L. exsecutorius: cf.F.
ex\'82cutoire.] 1. Pertaining to
administration, or putting the laws in force; executive.
The official and executory duties of
government.
Burke.
2. (Law) Designed to be executed or
carried into effect in time to come, or to take effect on a
future contingency; as, an executory devise,
reminder, or estate; an executory contract.
Blackstone.
Ex*ec"u*tress (?), n. [Cf.F.
ex\'82cutrice.] An executrix.
Ex*ec"u*trix (?), n.
[LL.] (Law) A woman exercising the
functions of an executor.
Ex"e*dent (?), a. [L.
exedent, -entis, p.pr. of
exedere. See Exesion.] Eating out;
consuming. [R.]
\'d8Ex"e*dra (?), n.; pl.
Exedr\'91 (#). [L., fr.Gr /; /
out + / seat.] 1. (Class. Antiq.)
A room in a public building, furnished with seats.
2. (Arch.) (a) The projection
of any part of a building in a rounded form. (b)
Any out-of-door seat in stone, large enough for several
persons; esp., one of curved form.
Ex`e*ge"sis (?), n.;pl.
Exegeses (#). [NL., fr.Gr. /,fr.
/ to explain, interpret; / out + / to guide, lead, akin, to
/ to lead. See Agent.] 1.
Exposition; explanation; especially, a critical explanation
of a text or portion of Scripture.
2. (Math.) The process of finding the
roots of an equation. [Obs.]
Ex"e*gete (?), n. [Gr. /:
cf.F. ex\'82g\'8ate. See Exegesis.]
An exegetist.
{ Ex`e*get"ic (?), Ex`e*get"ic*al
(?), } a. [Gr. /: cf.
F.ex\'82g\'82tique.] Pertaining to
exegesis; tending to unfold or illustrate; explanatory;
expository. Walker.
Ex`e*get"ic*al*ly,
adv.
Ex`e*get"ics (?), n. The
science of interpretation or exegesis.
Ex`e*ge"tist (?), n. One versed
in the science of exegesis or interpretation; -- also called
exegete.
Ex*em"plar (?), n. [L.
exemplar, exemplum: cf. F.
exemplaire. See Example, and cf.
Examper, Sampler.] 1. A
model, original, or pattern, to be copied or imitated; a
specimen; sometimes; an ideal model or type, as that which an
artist conceives.
Such grand exemplar as make their own abilities the
sole measure of what is fit or unfit.
South.
2. A copy of a book or writing.
[Obs.]
Udall.
Ex*em"plar, a. Exemplary.
[Obs.]
The exemplar piety of the father of a family.
Jer. Taylor.
Ex"em*pla*ri*ly (?), adv. In a
manner fitted or designed to be an example for imitation or for
warning; by way of example.
She is exemplarily loyal.
Howell.
Some he punisheth exemplarily.
Hakewill.
Ex"em*pla*ri*ness, n. The state or
quality of being exemplary; fitness to be an example.
Ex`em*plar"i*ty (/), n. [Cf.
LL. exemplaritas.] Exemplariness.
[R.]
The exemplarity of Christ's life.
Abp. Sharp.
Ex"em*pla*ry (?), a. [L.
exemplaris, fr. exemplar: cf. F.
exemplaire. See Exemplar.]
1. Serving as a pattern; deserving to be proposed
for imitation; commendable; as, an exemplary person;
exemplary conduct.
[Bishops'] lives and doctrines ought to be
exemplary.
Bacon.
2. Serving as a warning; monitory; as,
exemplary justice, punishment, or damages.
3. Illustrating as the proof of a thing.
Fuller.
Exemplary damages. (Law) See under
Damage.
Ex"em*pla*ry, n. An exemplar; also, a
copy of a book or writing. [Obs.]
Donne.
Ex*em"pli*fi`a*ble (?), a. That
can be exemplified.
Ex*em`pli*fi*ca"tion (?), n.
1. The act of exemplifying; a showing or
illustrating by example.
2. That which exemplifies; a case in point;
example.
3. (Law) A copy or transcript attested
to be correct by the seal of an officer having custody of the
original.
Ex*em"pli*fi`er (?), n. One who
exemplifies by following a pattern.
Ex*em"pli*fy (?) v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exemplified
(?); p. pr. &. vb. n.
Exemplifying.] [L. exemplum
example + -fy: cf. LL. exemplificare to
copy, serve as an example.] 1. To show or
illustrate by example.
He did but . . . exemplify the principles in which
he had been brought up.
Cowper.
2. To copy; to transcribe; to make an attested copy
or transcript of, under seal, as of a record.
Holland.
3. To prove or show by an attested copy.
Ex*empt" (?), a. [F.
exempt, L. exemptus, p. p. of
eximere to take out, remove, free; ex out +
emere to buy, take. Cf. Exon,
Redeem.] 1. Cut off; set
apart. [Obs.]
Corrupted, and exempt from ancient gentry.
Shak.
2. Extraordinary; exceptional.
[Obs.]
Chapman.
3. Free, or released, from some liability to which
others are subject; excepted from the operation or burden of some
law; released; free; clear; privileged; -- (with
from): not subject to; not liable to; as, goods
exempt from execution; a person exempt from
jury service.
True nobility is exempt from fear.
Shak.
T is laid on all, not any one exempt.
Dryden.
Ex*empt", n. 1. One exempted or
freed from duty; one not subject.
2. One of four officers of the Yeomen of the Royal
Guard, having the rank of corporal; an Exon.
[Eng.]
Ex*empt", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Exempted; p. pr. & vb. n.
Exempting.] [F. exempter.
See Exempt, a.]
1. To remove; to set apart.
[Obs.]
Holland.
2. To release or deliver from some liability which
others are subject to; to except or excuse from he operation of a
law; to grant immunity to; to free from obligation; to release;
as, to exempt from military duty, or from jury
service; to exempt from fear or pain.
Death
So snatched will not exempt us from the pain
We are by doom to pay.
Milton.
Ex*empt"i*ble (?), a. That may
be exempted.
Ex*emp"tion (?), n. [L.
exenptio a removing: cf. F. exemption
exemption.] The act of exempting; the state of being
exempt; freedom from any charge, burden, evil, etc., to which
others are subject; immunity; privilege; as,
exemption of certain articles from seizure;
exemption from military service; exemption from
anxiety, suffering, etc.
Ex`emp*ti"tious (?), a.
Separable. [Obs.]
\'bdExemptitious from matter.\'b8
Dr. H. More.
Ex*en"ter*ate (?), v. t. [L.
exenteratus, p.p. of exenterare; cf. Gr.
/; / out + / intestine.] To take out the bowels
or entrails of; to disembowel; to eviscerate; as,
exenterated fishes. [R.]
Exenterated rule-mongers and eviscerated
logicians.
Hare.
Ex*en`ter*a"tion (?), n. [LL.
exenteratio.] Act of exenterating.
[R.]
\'d8Ex`e*qua"tur (?), n. [L.,
3d pers. sing. pres. subj. of exequi,
exsequi, to perform, execute.] 1.
A written official recognition of a consul or commercial
agent, issued by the government to which he is accredited, and
authorizing him to exercise his powers in the place to which he
is assigned.
2. Official recognition or permission.
Prescott.
Ex*e"qui*al (?), a. [L.
exequialis, exsequialis, fr.
exsequiae exequies.] Of or pertaining to
funerals; funereal.
Ex*e"qui*ous (?), a.
Funereal. [Obs.]
Drayton.
Ex"e*quy (?), n.;pl.
Exequies (#). [L.
exequiae, exsequiae, a funeral procession,
fr. exsequi to follow out: cf. OF. exeques.
See Exequte.] A funeral rite (usually in the
plural); the ceremonies of burial; obsequies; funeral
procession.
But see his exequies fulfilled in Rouen.
Shak.
Ex*er"cent (?), a. [L.
exercents, -entis, p. pr. of
exercere. See Exercise.]
Practicing; professional. [Obs.]
\'bdEvery exercent advocate.\'b8
Ayliffe.
Ex"er*ci`sa*ble (?) a. That may
be exercised, used, or exerted.
Ex"er*cise (?), n. [F.
exercice, L. exercitium, from
exercere, exercitum, to drive on, keep,
busy, prob. orig., to thrust or drive out of the inclosure;
ex out + arcere to shut up, inclose. See
Ark.] 1. The act of exercising; a
setting in action or practicing; employment in the proper mode of
activity; exertion; application; use; habitual activity;
occupation, in general; practice.
exercise of the important function confided by the
constitution to the legislature.
Jefferson.
O we will walk this world,
Yoked in all exercise of noble end.
Tennyson.
2. Exertion for the sake of training or improvement
whether physical, intellectual, or moral; practice to acquire
skill, knowledge, virtue, perfectness, grace, etc.
\'bdDesire of knightly exercise.\'b8
Spenser.
An exercise of the eyes and memory.
Locke.
3. Bodily exertion for the sake of keeping the
organs and functions in a healthy state; hygienic activity;
as, to take exercise ob horseback.
The wise for cure on exercise depend.
Dryden.
4. The performance of an office, a ceremony, or a
religious duty.
Lewis refused even those of the church of England . . . the
public exercise of their religion.
Addison.
To draw him from his holy exercise.
Shak.
5. That which is done for the sake of exercising,
practicing, training, or promoting skill, health, mental,
improvement, moral discipline, etc.; that which is assigned or
prescribed for such ebbs; hence, a disquisition; a lesson; a
task; as, military or naval exercises; musical
exercises; an exercise in
composition.
The clumsy exercises of the European tourney.
Prescott.
He seems to have taken a degree, and preformed public
exercises in Cambridge, in 1565.
Brydges.
6. That which gives practice; a trial; a
test.
Patience is more oft the exercise
Of saints, the trial of their
fortitude.
Milton.
Exercise bone (Med.), a deposit of
bony matter in the soft tissues, produced by pressure or
exertion.
Ex"er*cise (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exercised
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Exercising
(?).] 1. To set in action; to
cause to act, move, or make exertion; to give employment to; to
put in action habitually or constantly; to school or train; to
exert repeatedly; to busy.
Herein do I Exercise myself, to have always a
conscience void of offence.
Acts xxiv. 16.
2. To exert for the sake of training or
improvement; to practice in order to develop; hence, also, to
improve by practice; to discipline, and to use or to for the
purpose of training; as, to exercise arms; to
exercise one's self in music; to exercise
troops.
About him exercised heroic games
The unarmed youth.
Milton.
3. To occupy the attention and effort of; to task;
to tax, especially in a painful or vexatious manner; harass; to
vex; to worry or make anxious; to affect; to discipline; as,
exercised with pain.
Where pain of unextinguishable fire
Must exercise us without hope of end.
Milton.
4. To put in practice; to carry out in action; to
perform the duties of; to use; to employ; to practice; as, to
exercise authority; to exercise an
office.
I am the Lord which exercise loving-kindness,
judgment, and righteousness in the earth.
Jer. ix. 24.
The people of the land have used oppression and
exercised robbery.
Ezek. xxii. 29.
Ex"er*cise, v. i. To exercise one's
self, as under military training; to drill; to take exercise; to
use action or exertion; to practice gymnastics; as, to
exercise for health or amusement.
I wear my trusty sword,
When I do exercise.
Cowper.
Ex"er*ci`ser (?), n. One who
exercises.
Ex"er*ci`si*ble (?), a. Capable
of being exercised, employed, or enforced; as, the authority
of a magistrate is exercisible within his
jurisdiction.
Ex*er`ci*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
exercitatio, fr. exercitare, intense., fr.
exercere to exercise: CF. f.
exercitation.] exercise; practice;
use. [R.]
Sir T. Browne.
Ex*ergue" (?), n. [F.,fr.Gr.
/ out + / work; lit., out work, i.e.,
accessory work. See Work.] (Numis.)
The small space beneath the base line of a subject engraved
on a coin or medal. It usually contains the date, place,
engraver's name, etc., or other subsidiary matter.
Fairholt.
Ex*ert" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exerted; p. pr.
& vb. n. Exerting.] [L.
exertus, exsertus, p.p. of
exerere, exserere, to thrust out;
ex out + serere to join or bind together.
See Series, and cf. Exsert.] 1.
To thrust forth; to emit; to push out.
[Obs.]
So from the seas exerts his radiant head
The star by whom the lights of heaven are led.
Dryden.
2. To put force, ability, or anything of the nature
of an active faculty; to put in vigorous action; to bring into
active operation; as, to exert the strength of the
body, limbs, faculties, or imagination; to exert the
mind or the voice.
3. To put forth, as the result or exercise of
effort; to bring to bear; to do or perform.
When we will has exerted an act of command on any
faculty of the soul or member of the body.
South.
To exert one's self, to use efforts or
endeavors; to strive; to make an attempt.
Ex*er"tion (?), n. The act of
exerting, or putting into motion or action; the active exercise
of any power or faculty; an effort, esp. a laborious or
perceptible effort; as, an exertion of strength or
power; an exertion of the limbs or of the mind; it is an
exertion for him to move, to-day.
Syn. -- Attempt; endeavor; effort; essay; trial. See
Attempt.
Ex*ert"ive (?), a. Having power
or a tendency to exert; using exertion.
Ex*ert"ment (?), n.
Exertion. [R.]
Ex*e"sion (?), n. [L.
exedere, exesum, to eat up; ex
out + edere to eat.] The act of eating out
or through. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Ex*es"tu*ate (?), v. i. [L.
exaestuatus,p.p. of exaestuare to boil up.
See Estuate.] To be agitated; to boil up; to
effervesce. [Obs.]
Ex*es`tu*a"tion (?), n. [L.
exaestuatio.] A boiling up;
effervescence. [Obs.]
Boyle.
\'d8Ex"e*unt (?). [L., 3d pers. pl. pres.
of exire to go out.] They go out, or retire
from the scene; as, exeunt all except Hamlet.
See 1st Exit.
Ex`fe*ta"tion (?), n [Pref.
ex- + fetation.] (Med.)
Imperfect fetation in some organ exterior to the uterus;
extra-uterine fetation.
Hoblyn.
Ex*fo"li*ate (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Exfoliated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Exfoliating
(?).] [L. exfoliare to strip
of leaves; ex out, from + folium
leaf.] 1. To separate and come off in scales
or lamin\'91, as pieces of carious bone or of bark.
2. (Min.) To split into scales,
especially to become converted into scales at the result of heat
or decomposition.
Ex*fo"li*ate v. t. To remove scales,
lamin\'91, or splinters from the surface of.
Ex*fo`li*a"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
exfoliation.] The scaling off of a bone, a
rock, or a mineral, etc.; the state of being exfoliated.
Ex*fo"li*a"tive (?), a. [Cf.F.
exfoliatif.] Having the power of causing
exfoliation. -- n. An exfoliative
agent.
Wiseman.
Ex*hal"a*ble (?), a. Capable of
being exhaled or evaporated.
Boyle.
Ex*hal"ant (?), a. [Cf. F.
exhalant.] Having the quality of exhaling
or evaporating.
Ex`ha*la"tion (?), n. [L.
exhalatio: cf. F. exhalaison,
exhalation.] 1. The act or process
of exhaling, or sending forth in the form of steam or vapor;
evaporation.
2. That which is exhaled, or which rises in the
form of vapor, fume, or steam; effluvium; emanation; as,
exhalations from the earth or flowers, decaying matter,
etc.
Ye mists and exhalations, that now rise
From hill or steaming lake.
Milton.
3. A bright phenomenon; a meteor.
I shall fall
Like a bright exhalation in the evening.
Shak.
Ex*hale" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exaled (?),
p. pr. & vb. n.. Exaling.]
[L. exhalare; ex out +
halare to breathe; cf.F. exhaler. Cf.
Inhale.] 1. To breathe out. Hence:
To emit, as vapor; to send out, as an odor; to evaporate; as,
the earth exhales vapor; marshes exhale noxious
effluvia.
Less fragrant scents the unfolding rose
exhales.
Pope.
2. To draw out; to cause to be emitted in vapor;
as, the sum exhales the moisture of the
earth.
Ex*hale", v. i. To rise or be given off,
as vapor; to pass off, or vanish.
Their inspiration exhaled in elegies.
Prescott.
Ex*hale"ment (?), n.
Exhalation. [Obs.]
Ex*hal"ence (?), n.
Exhalation. [R.]
Ex*haust" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exhausted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Exhausting.] [L.
exhaustus, p.p. of exhaurire; ex
out + haurire, haustum, to draw, esp.
water; perhaps akin to Icel. asua to sprinkle,
pump.]
1. To draw or let out wholly; to drain off
completely; as, to exhaust the water of a well; the
moisture of the earth is exhausted by
evaporation.
2. To empty by drawing or letting out the contents;
as, to exhaust a well, or a treasury.
3. To drain, metaphorically; to use or expend
wholly, or till the supply comes to an end; to deprive wholly of
strength; to use up; to weary or tire out; to wear out; as,
to exhaust one's strength, patience, or
resources.
A decrepit, exhausted old man at fifty-five.
Motley.
4. To bring out or develop completely; to discuss
thoroughly; as, to exhaust a subject.
5. (Chem.) To subject to the action of
various solvents in order to remove all soluble substances or
extractives; as, to exhaust a drug successively with
water, alcohol, and ether.
Exhausted receiver. (Physics) See
under Receiver.
Syn. -- To spend; consume; tire out; weary.
Ex*haust", a. [L. exhaustus,
p.p.] 1. Drained; exhausted; having expended
or lost its energy.
2. Pertaining to steam, air, gas, etc., that is
released from the cylinder of an engine after having preformed
its work.
Exhaust draught, a forced draught produced by
drawing air through a place, as through a furnace, instead of
blowing it through. -- Exhaust fan, a fan
blower so arranged as to produce an exhaust draught, or to draw
air or gas out of a place, as out of a room in ventilating
it. -- Exhaust nozzle, Exhaust
orifice (Steam Engine), the blast
orifice or nozzle. -- Exhaust pipe (Steam
Engine), the pipe that conveys exhaust steam from the
cylinder to the atmosphere or to the condenser. Exhaust
port (Steam Engine), the opening, in the
cylinder or valve, by which the exhaust steam escapes. --
Exhaust purifier (Milling), a machine
for sorting grains, or purifying middlings by an exhaust draught.
Knight. -- Exhaust steam (Steam
Engine), steam which is allowed to escape from the
cylinder after having been employed to produce motion of the
piston. -- Exhaust valve (Steam
Engine), a valve that lets exhaust steam escape out of
a cylinder.
Ex*haust", n. (Steam Engine)
1. The steam let out of a cylinder after it has
done its work there.
2. The foul air let out of a room through a
register or pipe provided for the purpose.
Ex*haust"er (?) n. One who, or
that which, exhausts or draws out.
Ex*haust`i*bil"i*ty (?), n.
Capability of being exhausted.
I was seriously tormented by the thought of the
exhaustibility of musical combinations.
J. S. Mill.
Ex*haust"i*ble (?), a. Capable
of being exhausted, drained off, or expended.
Johnson.
Ex*haust"ing, a. Producing exhaustion;
as, exhausting labors. --
Ex*haust"ing, adv.
Ex*haus"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
exhaustion.] 1. The act of
draining out or draining off; the act of emptying completely of
the contents.
2. The state of being exhausted or emptied; the
state of being deprived of strength or spirits.
3. (Math.) An ancient geometrical method
in which an exhaustive process was employed. It was nearly
equivalent to the modern method of limits.
Ex*haust"ive (?), a. Serving or
tending to exhaust; exhibiting all the facts or arguments;
as, an exhaustive method.
Ex*haust"ive*ly, adv.
Ex*haust"less, a. Not be exhausted;
inexhaustible; as, an exhaustless fund or
store.
Ex*haust"ment (?), n.
Exhaustion; drain. [Obs.]
Ex*haus"ture (?), n.
Exhaustion.
Wraxall.
\'d8Ex"he*dra (?), n.
[NL.] See Exedra.
Ex*her"e*date (?), v. t. [L.,
exheredatus, p.p. of exheredare to
disinherit; ex out + heres,
heredis, heir.] To disinherit.
[R.]
Huloet.
Ex*her`e*da"tion (?), n. [L.,
exheredatio: cf. F.
exh\'82r\'82dation.] A disinheriting;
disherisor. [R.]
Ex`he*red`i*ta"tion (?), n.
[LL. exhereditare, exhereditatum,
disinherit.] A disinheriting; disherison.
[R.]
E. Waterhouse.
Ex*hib"it (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exhibited; p.
pr. & vb. n. Exhibiting.] [L.
exhibitus, p. p. of exhibere to hold forth,
to tender, exhibit; ex out + habere to have
or hold. See Habit.] 1. To hold
forth or present to view; to produce publicly, for inspection; to
show, especially in order to attract notice to what is
interesting; to display; as, to exhibit commodities
in a warehouse, a picture in a gallery.
Exhibiting a miserable example of the weakness of
mind and body.
Pope.
2. (Law) To submit, as a document, to a
court or officer, in course of proceedings; also, to present or
offer officially or in legal form; to bring, as a charge.
He suffered his attorney-general to exhibit a
charge of high treason against the earl.
Clarendon.
3. (Med.) To administer as a remedy;
as, to exhibit calomel.
To exhibit a foundation or prize, to hold it
forth or to tender it as a bounty to candidates. -- To
exibit an essay, to declaim or otherwise present it in
public. [Obs.]
Ex*hib"it, n. 1. Any article,
or collection of articles, displayed to view, as in an industrial
exhibition; a display; as, this exhibit was marked
A; the English exhibit.
2. (Law) A document produced and
identified in court for future use as evidence.
Ex*hib"it*er (?), n. [Cf.
Exhibitor.] One who exhibits; one who
presents a petition, charge or bill.
Shak.
Ex`hi*bi"tion (?), n. [L.
exhibitio a delivering: cf. F.
exhibition.] 1. The act of
exhibiting for inspection, or of holding forth to view;
manifestation; display.
2. That which is exhibited, held forth, or
displayed; also, any public show; a display of works of art, or
of feats of skill, or of oratorical or dramatic ability; as,
an exhibition of animals; an exhibition of
pictures, statues, etc.; an industrial
exhibition.
3. Sustenance; maintenance; allowance, esp. for
meat and drink; pension. Specifically: (Eng. Univ.)
Private benefaction for the maintenance of scholars.
What maintenance he from his friends receives,
Like exhibition thou shalt have from me.
Shak.
I have given more exhibitions to scholars, in my
days, than to the priests.
Tyndale.
4. (Med.) The act of administering a
remedy.
Ex`hi*bi"tion*er (?), n. (Eng.
Univ.) One who has a pension or allowance granted for
support.
A youth who had as an exhibitioner from Christ's
Hospital.
G. Eliot.
Ex*hib"it*ive (?), a. Serving
for exhibition; representative; exhibitory.
Norris.
-- Ex*hib"it*ive*ly,
adv.
Ex*hib"it*or (?), n. [Cf. L.
exhibitor a giver.] One who exhibits.
Ex*hib"it*o*ry (?), a. [L.
exhibitorius relating to giving up: cf. F.
exhibitoire exhibiting.] Exhibiting;
publicly showing.
J. Warton.
Ex*hil"a*rant (?), a. [L.
exhilarans. -antis, p. pr. See
Exhilarate.] Exciting joy, mirth, or
pleasure. -- n. That which
exhilarates.
Ex*hil"a*rate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exhilarated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Exilarating.] [L.
exhilaratus, p.p. of exhilarare to gladden;
ex out + hilarare to make merry,
hilaris merry, cheerful. See
Hilarious.] To make merry or jolly; to
enliven; to animate; to gladden greatly; to cheer; as, good
news exhilarates the mind; wine exhilarates a
man.
Ex*hil"a*rate, v. i. To become
joyous. [R.]
Bacon.
Ex*hil"a*ra`ting (?), a. That
exhilarates; cheering; gladdening. --
Ex*hil"a*ra`ting*ly,
adv.
Ex*hil`a*ra"tion (?), n. [L.,
exhilaratio.] 1. The act of
enlivening the spirits; the act of making glad or cheerful; a
gladdening.
2. The state of being enlivened or cheerful.
Exhilaration hath some affinity with joy, though it
be a much lighter motion.
Bacon.
Syn. -- Animation; joyousness; gladness; cheerfulness;
gayety; hilarity; merriment; jollity.
Ex*hort" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exhorted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Exhorting.] [L.
exhortari; ex out + hortari to
incite, encourage; cf. F. exhorter. See
Hortative.] To incite by words or advice; to
animate or urge by arguments, as to a good deed or laudable
conduct; to address exhortation to; to urge strongly; hence, to
advise, warn, or caution.
Examples gross as earth exhort me.
Shak.
Let me exhort you to take care of yourself.
J. D. Forbes.
Ex*hort", v. i. To deliver exhortation;
to use words or arguments to incite to good deeds.
With many other words did he testify and
exhort.
Acts ii. 40.
Ex*hort", n. Exhortation.
[Obs.]
Pope.
Ex`hor*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
exhortatio: cf. F. exhortation.]
1. The act of practice of exhorting; the act of
inciting to laudable deeds; incitement to that which is good or
commendable.
2. Language intended to incite and encourage;
advice; counsel; admonition.
I'll end my exhortation after dinner.
Shak.
Ex*hor"ta*tive (?), a. [L.
exhortativus: cf. F. exhortatif.]
Serving to exhort; exhortatory; hortative.
Barrow.
Ex*hor"ta*to*ry (?) a. [L.
exhortatorius: cf. F. exhortatoire.]
Of or pertaining to exhortation; hortatory.
Holinshed.
Ex*hort"er (?), n. One who
exhorts or incites.
Ex*hu"ma*ted (?), a.
Disinterred. [Obs.]
Ex`hu*ma"tion (?), n. [Cf. LL.
exhumatio, F. exhumation.] The
act of exhuming that which has been buried; as, the
exhumation of a body.
Ex*hume" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exhumed (?)
p. pr. & vb. n.. Exhuming.]
[LL. exhumare; L. ex out +
humus ground, soil: cf. F. exhumer. See
Humble.] To dig out of the ground; to take
out of a place of burial; to disinter.
Mantell.
Ex"ic*cate (?), v. t. See
Exsiccate. [Obs.]
Holland.
Ex`ic*ca"tion (?), n. See
Exsiccation. [Obs.]
Ex"i*gence (?), n. [F.]
Exigency.
Hooker.
Ex"i*gen*cy (?), n.;pl.
Exigencies (#). [LL.
exigentia: cf. F. exigence.] The
state of being exigent; urgent or exacting want; pressing
necessity or distress; need; a case demanding immediate action,
supply, or remedy; as, an unforeseen
exigency. \'bdThe present exigency
of his affairs.\'b8
Ludlow.
Syn. -- Demand; urgency; distress; pressure; emergency;
necessity; crisis.
Ex`i*gen"da*ry (?), n. See
Exigenter.
Ex`i*gent, a. [L. exigens,
-entis, p. pr. of exigere to drive out or
forth, require, exact. See Exact.] Exacting
or requiring immediate aid or action; pressing; critical.
\'bdAt this exigent moment.\'b8
Burke.
Ex"i*gent, n. 1. Exigency;
pressing necessity; decisive moment. [Obs.]
Why do you cross me in this exigent?
Shak.
2. (o. Eng. Law) The name of a writ in
proceedings before outlawry.
Abbott.
Ex"i*gent*er (?), n. (O. Eng.
Law) An officer in the Court of King's Bench and
Common Pleas whose duty it was make out exigents. The office in
now abolished.
Cowell.
Ex"i*gi*ble (?), a. [Cf. F.
exigible. See Exigent.] That may
be exacted; repairable. [R.]
A. Smith.
Ex`i*gu"i*ty (?), n. [L.
exiguitas, fr. exiguus small: cf. F.
exiguit\'82.] Scantiness; smallness;
thinness. [R.]
Boyle.
Ex*ig"u*ous (?), a. [L.
exiguus.] Scanty; small; slender;
diminutive. [R.] \'bdExiguous
resources.\'b8 Carlyle. --
Ex*ig"uous*ness, n.
[R.]
Ex"ile (?), n. [OE.
exil, fr. L. exilium, exsilium,
fr. exsuil one who quits, or is banished from, his
native soil; ex out + solum ground, land,
soil, or perh. fr.the root of salire to leap, spring;
cf. F. exil. Cf. Sole of the foot,
Saltation.] 1. Forced separation
from one's native country; expulsion from one's home by the civil
authority; banishment; sometimes, voluntary separation from one's
native country.
Let them be recalled from their exile.
Shak.
2. The person expelled from his country by
authority; also, one who separates himself from his home.
Thou art in exile, and thou must not stay.
Shak.
Syn. -- Banishment; proscription; expulsion.
Ex"ile (?) v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exiled (?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Exiling.] To
banish or expel from one's own country or home; to drive
away. \'bdExiled from eternal God.\'b8
Tennyson.
Calling home our exiled friends abroad.
Shak.
Syn. -- See Banish.
Ex*ile" (?), a. [L.
exilis.] Small; slender; thin; fine.
[Obs.] \'bdAn exile sound.\'b8
Bacon.
Ex"ile*ment (?), n. [Cf. OF.
exilement.] Banishment.
[R.]
Sir. H. Wotton.
Ex*il"ic (?), a. Pertaining to
exile or banishment, esp. to that of the Jews in Babylon.
Encyc. Dict.
Ex`i*li"tion (?), n. [L.
exsilire to spring from; ex out +
salire to spring, leap.] A sudden springing
or leaping out. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Ex*il"ity (?), n. [L.
exilitas: cf. F. exilit\'82. See
Exile, a.] Smallness; meagerness;
slenderness; fineness, thinness. [R.]
Paley.
Ex*im"ious (?) a. [L.
eximius taken out, i. e. select,
fr. eximere to take out. See Exempt.]
Select; choice; hence, extraordinary, excellent.
[Obs.]
The eximious and arcane science of physic.
Fuller.
Ex*in"a*nite (?), v. t. [L.
exinanitus, p. p. of exinanire;
ex out (intens.) + inanire to make empty,
inanis, empty.] To make empty; to render of
no effect; to humble. [Obs.]
Bp. Pearson.
Ex*in`a*ni"tion (?) n. [L.
exinanitio.] An emptying; an enfeebling; exhaustion;
humiliation. [Obs.]
Fastings to the exinanition of spirits.
Jer. Taylor.
Ex*ist" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Existed; p. pr.
& vb. n. Existing.] [L.
existere, exsistere, to step out or forth,
emerge, appear, exist; ex out + sistere to
cause to stand, to set, put, place, stand still, fr.
stare to stand: cf. F. exister. See
Stand.] 1. To be as a fact and not
as a mode; to have an actual or real being, whether material or
spiritual.
Who now, alas! no more is missed
Than if he never did exist.
Swift.
To conceive the world . . . to have existed from
eternity.
South.
2. To be manifest in any manner; to continue to be;
as, great evils existed in his reign.
3. To live; to have life or the functions of
vitality; as, men can not exist water, nor fishes on
land.
Syn. -- See Be.
Ex*ist"ence (?), n. [Cf. F.
existence.] 1. The state of
existing or being; actual possession of being; continuance in
being; as, the existence of body and of soul in
union; the separate existence of the soul; immortal
existence.
The main object of our existence.
Lubbock.
2. Continued or repeated manifestation; occurrence,
as of events of any kind; as, the existence of a
calamity or of a state of war.
The existence therefore, of a phenomenon, is but
another word for its being perceived, or for the inferred
possibility of perceiving it.
J. S. Mill.
3. That which exists; a being; a creature; an
entity; as, living existences.
Ex*ist"en*cy (?), n.
Existence. [R.]
Sir M. Hale.
Ex*ist"ent (?), a. [L.
existens, -entis, p. pr. of
existere. See Exist.] Having being
or existence; existing; being; occurring now; taking place.
The eyes and mind are fastened on objects which have no real
being, as if they were truly existent.
Dryden.
Ex`is*ten"tial (?), a. Having
existence. [Archaic] Bp. Barlow.
--Ex`is*ten"tial*ly, adv.
[Archaic]
Existentially as well as essentially
intelligent.
Colerige.
Ex*ist"er (?), n. One who
exists.
Ex*ist"i*ble (?), a. Capable of
existence.
Grew.
Ex*is`ti*ma"tion (?), n. [L.
existimatio judgment, opinion, fr.
existimare to estimate. See Estimate.]
Esteem; opinion; reputation. [Obs.]
Steele.
\'d8Ex"it (?). [L., 3d pers. sing. pres.
of exire to go out. See Exeunt,
Issue.] He (or she ) goes out, or retires
from view; as, exit Macbeth.
exit (he or she goes
out), and exeunt ( they go out), are used in dramatic
writings to indicate the time of withdrawal from the stage of one
or more of the actors.
Ex"it, n. [See 1st Exit.]
1. The departure of a player from the stage, when
he has performed his part.
They have their exits and their entrances.
Shak.
2. Any departure; the act of quitting the stage of
action or of life; death; as, to make one's
exit.
Sighs for his exit, vulgarly called death.
Cowper.
3. A way of departure; passage out of a place;
egress; way out.
Forcing he water forth thought its ordinary
exists.
Woodward.
{ Ex*i"tial (?), Ex*i"tious
(?), } a. [L.
exitialis, exitious, fr. exitium
a going out, a going to naught, i. e.,
ruin, fr.exire to go out: cf. F.
exitial.] Destructive; fatal.
[Obs.] \'bdExitial fevers.\'b8
Harvey.
Ex"o (?). [Gr. / out of, outside, fr.
/ out. See Ex-.] A prefix signifying
out of, outside; as in exocarp,
exogen, exoskeleton.
{ Ex`o*car"di*ac (?),
Ex`o*car"di*al (?), } a.
[Exo- + Gr. / heat.] (Anat.)
Situated or arising outside of the heat; as,
exocardial murmurs; -- opposed to
endocardiac.
Ex"o*carp (?), n.
[Exo- + Gr. / fruit.] (Bot.)
The outer portion of a fruit, as the flesh of a peach or the
rind of an orange. See Illust. of
Drupe.
Ex`oc*cip"i*tal (?), a. [Pref.
ex- + occipital.] (Anat.)
Pertaining to a bone or region on each side of the great
foremen of the skull. -- n. The
exoccipital bone, which often forms a part of the occipital in
the adult, but is usually distinct in the young.
\'d8Ex`o*ce"tus (? or ?),
\'d8Ex`oc\'d2"tus, n. [NL.
exocetus, L. exocoetus a fish that sleeps
on the shore, Gr. / ,lit., sleeping out; / outside of + /
bed.] (Zo\'94l) A genus of fishes,
including the common flying fishes. See Flying
fish.
Ex*oc"u*late (?), v. t. [L.
exoculatus, p. p. of exoculare to
exoculate; ex out + oculus an eye.]
To deprive of eyes. [R.]
W. C. Hazlitt.
Ex"ode (?) n. [L.
exodium, Gr. / (sc. / song) fr. / belonging to
an exit, or to the finale of a tragedy, fr. /: cf. F.
exode. See Exodus.]
1. Departure; exodus; esp., the exodus of the
Israelites from Egypt. [Obs.]
L. Coleman. Bolingbroke.
2. (Gr. Drama) The final chorus; the
catastrophe.
3. (Rom. Antig.) An afterpiece of a
comic description, either a farce or a travesty.
Ex*od"ic (?), a. [Gr. /
belonging to departure. See Exodus.]
(Physiol.) Conducting influences from the spinal
cord outward; -- said of the motor or efferent nerves. Opposed to
esodic.
\'d8Ex*o"gi*um (?), n.
[L.] See Exode.
Ex"o*dus (?), n. [L., the book
of Exodus, Gr. / a going or marching out; / out + / way,
cf. Skr. \'be-sad to approach.]
1. A going out; particularly (the Exodus), the
going out or journey of the Israelites from Egypt under the
conduct of Moses; and hence, any large migration from a
place.
2. The second of the Old Testament, which contains
the narrative of the departure of the Israelites from
Egypt.
Ex"o*dy (?), n. Exodus;
withdrawal. [Obs.]
The time of the Jewish exody.
Sir M. Hale.
Ex`-of*fi"cial (?), a.
Proceeding from office or authority.
\'d8Ex` of*fi"ci*o (?); pl. Ex
officiis (#). [L.] From
office; by virtue, or as a consequence, of an office;
officially.
Ex*og"a*mous (?), a.
[Exo- + Gr. / marriage.] Relating to
exogamy; marrying outside of the limits of one's own tribe; --
opposed to endogenous.
Ex*og"a*my (?), n. The custom,
or tribal law, which prohibits marriage between members of the
same tribe; marriage outside of the tribe; -- opposed to
endogamy.
Lubbock.
Ex"o*gen (?), n.
[Exo- + -gen: cf. F.
exog\'8ane.] (Bot.) A plant
belonging to one of the greater part of the vegetable kingdom,
and which the plants are characterized by having c wood bark, and
pith, the wood forming a layer between the other two, and
increasing, if at all, by the animal addition of a new layer to
the outside next to the bark. The leaves are commonly
netted-veined, and the number of cotyledons is two, or, very
rarely, several in a whorl. Cf. Endogen.
Gray.
Ex`o*ge*net"ic (?), a.
(Biol.) Arising or growing from without;
exogenous.
Ex*og"e*nous (?), a. 1.
(Bot.) Pertaining to, or having the character of,
an exogen; -- the opposite of endogenous.
2. (Biol.) Growing by addition to the
exterior.
3. (Anat.) Growing from previously
ossified parts; -- opposed to autogenous.
Owen.
Exogenous aneurism (Med.), an
aneurism which is produced by causes acting from without, as from
injury.
\'d8Ex`o*gy"ra (?) n. [NL., fr.
Gr. / out, outside + / circle.] (Paleon.)
A genus of Cretaceous fossil shells allied to oysters.
Ex"o*lete (?), a. [L.
exoletus, p. p. of exolescere to grow out,
grow out of use; ex out + olescere to
grow.] Obsolete; out of use; state; insipid.
[Obs.]
Ex`o*lu"tion (?), n. [L.
exolutio a release. See Exolve.]
See Exsolution. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Ex*olve" (?), v. t. [L.
exolvere, exsolutum; ex out +
solvere.] To loose; to pay.
[Obs.]
Ex"on (?), n. [NL., from E.
Exe (Celt. uisge water) the name of a
river.] A native or inhabitant of Exeter, in
England.
Ex"on, n. [F. expect an under
officer.] An officer of the Yeomen of the Guard; an
Exempt. [Eng.]
Ex*on"er*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exonerated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Exonerating
(?).] [L. exoneratus, p. p.
of exonerare to free from a burden; ex out,
from onerare to load, onus load. See
Onerous.]
1. To unload; to disburden; to discharge.
[Obs.]
All exonerate themselves into one common duct.
Ray.
2. To relieve, in a moral sense, as of a charge,
obligation, or load of blame resting on one; to clear of
something that lies upon oppresses one, as an accusation or
imputation; as, to exonerate one's self from blame,
or from the charge of avarice.
Burke.
3. To discharge from duty or obligation, as a
ball.
Syn>- To absolve; acquit; exculpate. See
Absolve.
Ex*on`er*a"tion (?), n. [L.
exoneratio: cf. F. Exon\'82ration.]
The act of disburdening, discharging, or freeing morally
from a charge or imputation; also, the state of being disburdened
or freed from a charge.
Ex*on"er*a*tive (?), a. Freeing
from a burden or obligation; tending to exonerate.
Ex*on"er*a`tor (?), n. [L., an
unloader.] One who exonerates or frees from
obligation.
\'d8Ex`oph*thal"mi*a (?), n.
[Nl.,fr. Gr. / with prominent eyes; / out + / the
eye.] (Med.) The protrusion of the eyeball
so that the eyelids will not cover it, in consequence of
disease.
Ex`oph*thal"mic (?), a. Of or
pertaining to, or characterized by, exophthalmia.
Exophthalmic golter. Same as Rasedow's
disease.
\'d8Ex`oph*thal"mos (?),
\'d8Ex`oph*thal"mus (/), n.
[NL.] (Med.) Same as
Exophthalmia.
Ex`oph*thal"my (?), n.
(Med.) Exophthalmia.
Ex*oph"yl*lous (?), a.
[Exo- + Gr. / .] (Bot.)
Not sheathed in another leaf.
Ex"o*plasm (?), n.
[Exo- + Gr. / from, fr. / to mold.]
(Biol.) See Ectosarc, and
Ectoplasm.
Ex*op"o*dite (?), n.
[Exo- + Gr. / , foot.]
(Zo\'94l) The external branch of the appendages
of Crustacea.
Ex*op"ta*ble (?), a. [L.
exoptabilis.] Very desirable.
[Obs.]
Bailey.
Ex*op"tile (?), n. [F., fr.Gr.
/ without + / feather, plumage.] (Bot.)
A name given by Lestiboudois to dicotyledons; -- so called
because the plumule is naked.
Ex"ra*ble (?), a. [L.
exorabilis: cf. F. exorable. See
Exorate.] Capable of being moved by entreaty;
pitiful; tender.
Milton.
Ex"o*rate (?), v. t. [L.
exoratus, p. p. of exorare to gain by
entreaty; ex out, from + orare to
pay.] To persuade, or to gain, by entreaty.
[Obs.]
Cockeram.
Ex`o*ra"tion (?), n. [L.
exoratio.] Entreaty.
[R.]
Beau. & Fl.
{ Ex*or"bi*tance (?),
Ex*or"bi*tan*cy (?), }, n.
A going out of or beyond the usual or due limit; hence,
enormity; extravagance; gross deviation from rule, right, or
propriety; as, the exorbitances of the tongue or of
deportment; exorbitance of demands. \'bda
curb to your exorbitancies.\'b8
Dryden.
The lamentable exorbitances of their
superstitions.
Bp. Hall.
Ex*or"bi*tant (?), a. [L.
exorbitans, -antis, p. pr. of
exorbitare to go out of the track; ex out +
orbita track: cf. F. exorbitant. See
Orbit.] 1. Departing from an orbit
or usual track; hence, deviating from the usual or due course;
going beyond the appointed rules or established limits of right
or propriety; excessive; extravagant; enormous; inordinate;
as, exorbitant appetites and passions;
exorbitant charges, demands, or claims.
Foul exorbitant desires.
Milton.
2. Not comprehended in a settled rule or method;
anomalous.
The Jews . . . [were] inured with causes
exorbitant, and such as their laws had not provided
for.
Hooker.
Ex*or"bi*tant*ly, adv. In an exorbitant,
excessive, or irregular manner; enormously.
Ex*or"bi*tate (?), v. i.
[L.exorbitatus, p.p. of exorbitare.
See Exorbitant.] To go out of the track; to
deviate. [Obs.]
Bentley.
Ex"or*cise (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exorcised /;
p. pr. & vb. n. Exorcising /.]
[L. exorcizare, Gr. /; / out+/ to make one
swear, bind by an oath:: cf. F. exorciser.]
1. To cast out, as a devil, evil spirits, etc., by
conjuration or summoning by a holy name, or by certain
ceremonies; to expel (a demon) or to conjure (a demon) to depart
out of a person possessed by one.
He impudently excorciseth devils in the church.
Prynne.
2. To deliver or purify from the influence of an
evil spirit or demon.
Exorcise the beds and cross the walls.
Dryden.
Mr. Spectator . . . do all you can to exorcise
crowds who are . . . processed as I am.
Spectator.
Ex"or-ci`ser (?), n. An
exorcist.
Ex"or*cism (?), n. [L.
exorcismus, Gr. /; cf. F.
exorcisme.] 1. The act of
exorcising; the driving out of evil spirits from persons or
places by conjuration; also, the form of conjuration used.
2. Conjuration for raising spirits.
[R.]
Shak.
Ex"or-cist (?), n. [L.
exorcista, Gr. /: cf. F.
exorciste.] 1. One who expels evil
spirits by conjuration or exorcism.
Certain of the vagabond Jews, exorcists.
Acts xix. 13.
2. A conjurer who can raise spirits.
[R.]
Thou, like an exorcist, hast conjured up
My mortified spirit.
Shak.
Ex*or"di*al (?), a. Pertaining
to the exordium of a discourse: introductory.
The exordial paragraph of the second epistle.
I. Taylor.
Ex*or"di*um (?), n.; pl. E.
Exordiums (#), L. Exordia
/. [L. fr. exordiri to begin a web,
lay a warp, begin; ex out + ordiri to begin
a web, begin; akin to E. order. See
Order.] A beginning; an introduction;
especially, the introductory part of a discourse or written
composition, which prepares the audience for the main subject;
the opening part of an oration. \'bdThe exordium
of repentance.\'b8 Jer. Taylor. \'bdLong prefaces and
exordiums. \'b8 Addison.
\'d8Ex`o*rhi"za (?), n.; pl.
Exorhize (#). [NL. fr. Gr. /
outside + / root.] (Bot.) A plant Whose
radicle is not inclosed or sheathed by the cotyledons or
plumule.
Gray.
{ Ex`o*rhi"zal (?), Ex`o*rhi`zous
(?), } a. (Bot.) Having
a radicle which is not inclosed by the cotyledons or plumule; of
or relating to an exorhiza.
Ex`or*na"tion (?), n. [L.
exornatio, fr. exornare. See
Ornate.] Ornament; decoration;
embellishment. [Obs.]
Hyperbolical exornations . . . many much
affect.
Burton.
Ex*or`tive (?), a. [L.
exortivus, fr. exortus a coming forth,
rising; ex out + orivi to rise, come
forth.] Rising; relating to the east.
[R.]
Ex*os"cu*late (?), v. t. [L.
exosculatus, p. p. of exosculari to kiss.
See Osculate.] To kiss; especially, to kiss
repeatedly or fondly. [Obs.]
Ex`o*skel"e*tal (?), a.
(Anat.) Pertaining to the exoskeleton; as
exoskeletal muscles.
Ex`o*skel"e*ton (?), n.
[Exo- + skeleton]
(Anat.) The hardened parts of the external
integument of an animal, including hair, feathers, nails, horns,
scales, etc.,as well as the armor of armadillos and many
reptiles, and the shells or hardened integument of numerous
invertebrates; external skeleton; dermoskeleton.
Ex"os*mose` (?), n.
[Exo+osmose: cf. F.
ezosmose.] (Physics) The passage
of gases, vapors, or liquids thought membranes or porous media
from within outward, in the phenomena of osmose; -- opposed to
endosmose. See Osmose.
\'d8Ex`os*mo"sis (?), n. [NL.
See Exo-, and Osmose.]
(Physics) See Exosmose.
Ex`os*mot`ic (?), a. Pertaining
to exosmose.
Ex`o*spore (?), n.
[Exo+spote.] (Biol.)
The extreme outer wall of a spore; the epispore.
Ex*os"state (?), v. t. [L.
exossatus, p. p. of exossare to bone , fr.
exos without bones; ex out + os,
ossis, bone.] To deprive of bones; to take
out the bones of; to bone. [Obs.]
Bailey.
Ex`os*sa"tion (?), n. A
depriving of bone or of fruit stones. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Ex*os"se-ous (?), a.
[Ex + osseous.]
Boneless. \'bdExosseous animals. \'b8
Sir T. Browne.
Ex"o*stome (?), n.
[Exo- + Gr. / mouth :cf. F.
exostome.] (Bot.) The small
aperture or foremen in the outer coat of the ovule of a
plant.
\'d8Ex`os*to"sis (?), n. [NL.,
fr. Gr. /; / out + / bone: cf. F /
exostose.] 1. (Med.)
Any protuberance of a bone which is not natural; an
excrescence or morbid enlargement of a bone.
Coxe.
2. (Bot.) A knot formed upon or in the
wood of trees by disease.
{ Ex`o*ter"ic (?), Ex`o*ter"ic*al
(?) } a. [L.
exotericus, Gr. / fr. / out: cf. F.
exot\'82rique. See Ex-] External;
public; suitable to be imparted to the public; hence, capable of
being readily or fully comprehended; -- opposed to
esoteric, or secret.
The foppery of an exoteric and esoteric
doctrine.
De Quincey.
Ex`o*ter`ics (?), n. pl.
(Philos.) The public lectures or published
writings of Aristotle. See Esoterics.
Ex"o*ter*y (?), n.; pl.
Exoteries (-/). That which is
obvious, public, or common.
Dealing out exoteries only to the vulgar.
A. Tucker.
\'d8Ex`o*the"ca (?), n. [Nl.,
fr. Gr. / outside + / a case, box.]
(Zo\'94l.) The tissue which fills the interspaces
between the cost\'91 of many madreporarian corals, usually
consisting of small transverse or oblique septa.
\'d8Ex`o*the"ci-um (?), n. [NL.
See Exotheca.] (Bot.) The outer
coat of the anther.
Ex*ot"ic (?), a. [L.
exoticus, Gr. / fr. / outside: cf. F.
exotique. See Exoteric.]
Introduced from a foreign country; not native; extraneous;
foreign; as, an exotic plant; an exotic
term or word.
Nothing was so splendid and exotic as the
ambassador.
Evelyn.
Ex*ot"ic (?), n. Anything of
foreign origin; something not of native growth, as a plant, a
word, a custom.
Plants that are unknown to Italy, and such as the gardeners
call exotics.
Addison.
Ex*ot"ic*al (?), a. Foreign;
not native; exotic. [R.] --
Ex*ot"ic*al*ness, n.
Ex*ot"i*cism (?), n. The state
of being exotic; also, anything foreign, as a word or idiom; an
exotic.
Ex*pand" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Expanded; p.
pr. & vb. n. Expanding.] [L.
expandere, expansum; ex out +
pandere to spread out, to throw open; perh. akin to E.
patent. Cf. Spawn.] 1. To
lay open by extending; to open wide; to spread out; to diffuse;
as, a flower expands its leaves.
Then with expanded wings he steers his flight.
Milton.
2. To cause the particles or parts of to spread
themselves or stand apart, thus increasing bulk without addition
of substance; to make to occupy more space; to dilate; to
distend; to extend every way; to enlarge; -- opposed to
contract; as, to expand the chest; heat
expands all bodies; to expand the sphere of
benevolence.
3. (Math.) To state in enlarged form; to
develop; as, to expand an equation. See
Expansion, 5.
Ex*pand", v. i. To become widely opened,
spread apart, dilated, distended, or enlarged; as, flowers
expand in the spring; metals expand by heat;
the heart expands with joy.
Dryden.
Ex*pand"er (?), n. Anything
which causes expansion esp. (Mech.) a tool for
stretching open or expanding a tube, etc.
Ex*pand"ing, a. That expands, or may be
expanded; extending; spreading; enlarging.
Expanding bit, Expanding
drill (Mech.), a bit or drill made
adjustable for holes of various sizes; one which can be expanded
in diameter while boring. -- Expanding pulley
(Mach.), a pulley so made, as in sections, that
its diameter can be increased or diminished.
Ex*panse" (?), n. [From L.
expansus, p. p. of expandere. See
Expand.] That which is expanded or spread
out; a wide extent of space or body; especially, the arch of the
sky. \'bdThe green expanse.\'b8
Savage.
Lights . . . high in the expanse of heaven.
Milton.
The smooth expanse of crystal lakes.
Pope.
Ex*panse", v. t. To expand.
[Obs.]
That lies expansed unto the eyes of all.
Sir. T. Browne.
Ex*pan`si*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
capacity of being expanded; as, the expansibility of
air.
Ex*pab"si*ble (?), a. [Cf. F.
expansible.] Capable of being expanded or
spread out widely.
Bodies are not expansible in proposition to their
weight. /
-- Ex*pab"si*ble*ness ,n.
-Ex*pan"si*bly ,adv.
Ex*pan"sile (?), a.
Expansible.
Ether and alcohol are more expansile than
water.
Brande & C.
Ex*pan"sion (?), n. [L.
expansio: cf. F. expansion.]
1. The act of expanding or spreading out; the
condition of being expanded; dilation; enlargement.
2. That which is expanded; expanse; extend surface;
as the expansion of a sheet or of a lake; the
expansion was formed of metal.
The starred expansion of the skies.
Beattie.
3. Space thought which anything is expanded; also,
pure space.
Lost in expansion, void and infinite.
Blackmore.
4. (Com.) Enlargement or extension of
business transaction; esp., increase of the circulation of bank
notes.
5. (Math.) The developed result of an
indicated operation; as, the expansion of (a
+ b)2 is a2 + 2ab +
b2.
6. (Steam Ebgine) The operation of steam
in a cylinder after its communication with the boiler has been
cut off, by which it continues to exert pressure upon the moving
piston.
7. (Nav. Arch.) The enlargement of the
ship mathematically from a model or drawing to the full or
building size, in the process of construction.
Ham. Nav. Encyc.
Expansion is also used adjectively, as in
expansion joint, expansion gear,
etc.
Expansion curve, a curve the co\'94rdinates of
which show the relation between the pressure and volume of
expanding gas or vapor; esp. (Steam engine), that part
of an indicator diagram which shows the declining pressure of the
steam as it expands in the cylinder. -- Expansion
gear (Stream Engine). a cut-off gear. See
Illust. of Link motion. --
Automatic expansion gear cut-off, one that is regulated by the
governor, and varies the supply of steam to the engine with the
demand for power. -- Fixed expansion gear,
Fixed cut-off, one that always
operates at the same fixed point of the stroke. --
Expansion joint, Expansion
coupling (Mech. & Engin.), a yielding
joint or coupling for so uniting parts of a machine or structure
that expansion, as by heat, is prevented from causing injurious
strains; as by heat, is prevented from causing injurious strains;
as: (a) A side or set of rollers, at the end of bridge
truss, to support it but allow end play. (b) A
telescopic joint in a steam pipe, to permit one part of the pipe
to slide within the other. (c) A clamp for holding a
locomotive frame to the boiler while allowing lengthwise
motion. -- Expansion valve (Steam
Engine), a cut-off valve, to shut off steam from the
cylinder before the end of each stroke.
Ex*pan"sive (?), a. [Cf. F.
expansif.] Having a capacity or tendency to
expand or dilate; diffusive; of much expanse; wide-extending;
as, the expansive force of heat; the
expansive quality of air.
A more expansive and generous compassion.
Eustace.
His forehead was broad and expansive.
Prescott.
-- Ex*pan"sive*ly, adv.
-Ex*pan"sive*ness, n.
Ex*pan"sure (?shur; 135), n.
Expanse. [Obs.] \'bdNight's rich
expansure.\'b8
\'d8Ex` par"te (?). [L. See Ex-,
and Part.] Upon or from one side only;
one-sided; partial; as, an ex parte
statement.
Ex parte application, one made without notice
or opportunity to oppose. -- Ex parte council,
one that assembles at the request of only one of the parties
in dispute. -- Ex parte hearing (Law), that which is had or
taken by one side or party in the absence of the other. Hearings
before grand juries, and affidavits, are ex
parte.
Wharton's Law Dict. Burrill.
Ex*pa"ti*ate (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Expatiated
(?);p. pr. & vb. n. Expariating
(?).] [L. expatiatus,
exspatiatus, p. p. of expatiari,
exspatiari, to expatiate; ex out +
spatiari to walk about spread out, fr.
spatium space. See Space.] 1.
To range at large, or without restraint.
Bids his free soul expatiate in the skies.
Pope.
2. To enlarge in discourse or writing; to be
copious in argument or discussion; to descant.
He expatiated on the inconveniences of trade.
Addison.
Ex*pa"ti*ate, v. t. To expand; to
spread; to extend; to diffuse; to broaden.
Afford art an ample field in which to expatiate
itself.
Dryden.
Ex*pa`ti*a"tion (?), n. Act of
expatiating.
Ex*pa"ti*a*to*ry (?), a.
Expansive; diffusive. [R.]
Ex*pa"tri*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Expatriated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Expatriating
(?).] [LL. expatriatus, p.
p. of expatriare; L. ex out +
patria fatherland, native land, fr. pater
father. See Patriot.] 1. To banish;
to drive or force (a person) from his own country; to make an
exile of.
The expatriated landed interest of France.
Burke.
2. Reflexively, as To expatriate one's
self: To withdraw from one's native country; to renounce
the rights and liabilities of citizenship where one is born, and
become a citizen of another country.
Ex*pa`tri*a"tion (?), n. [Cf.
F. expatriation.] The act of banishing, or
the state of banishment; especially, the forsaking of one's own
country with a renunciation of allegiance.
Expatriation was a heavy ransom to pay for the
rights of their minds and souls.
Palfrey.
Ex*pect" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Expected; p.
pr. & vb. n. Expecting.] [L.
expectatum, to look out for, await, expect;
ex + out spectare to look at. See
Spectacle.] 1. To wait for; to
await. [Obs.]
Let's in, and there expect their coming.
Shak.
2. To look for (mentally); to look forward to, as
to something that is believed to be about to happen or come; to
have a previous apprehension of, whether of good or evil; to look
for with some confidence; to anticipate; -- often followed by an
infinitive, sometimes by a clause (with, or without,
that); as I expect to receive wages; I
expect that the troops will be defeated. \'bdGood: I
will expect you.\'b8 Shak.
\'bdExpecting thy reply.\'b8 Shak.
The Somersetshire or yellow regiment . . . was
expected to arrive on the following day.
Macaulay.
Syn. -- To anticipate; look for; await; hope. --
To Expect, Think, Believe,
Await. Expect is a mental act and has aways a
reference to the future, to some coming event; as a person
expects to die, or he expects to survive.
Think and believe have reference to the
past and present, as well as to the future; as I think
the mail has arrived; I believe he came home
yesterday, that he is he is at home now. There is a not uncommon
use of expect, which is a confusion of the two;
as, I expect the mail has arrived; I expect
he is at home. This misuse should be avoided.
Await is a physical or moral act. We await
that which, when it comes, will affect us personally. We
expect what may, or may not, interest us personally.
See Anticipate.
Ex*pect", v. t. To wait; to stay.
[Obs.]
Sandys.
Ex*pect", n. Expectation.
[Obs.]
Shak.
Ex*pect"a*ble (?), a. [L.
expectabilis.] That may be expected or
looked for.
Sir T. Browne.
{ Ex*pect"ance (?), Ex*pect"an*cy
(?), } n. 1. The act of
expecting ; expectation.
Milton.
2. That which is expected, or looked or waited for
with interest; the object of expectation or hope.
The expectancy and rose of the fair state.
Shak.
Estate in expectancy (Law), one the
possession of which a person is entitled to have at some future
time, either as a remainder or reversion, or on the death of some
one.
Burrill.
Ex*pect"ant (?), a.
[L.expectans, exspectans, p.pr. of
expectare, exspectare: cf. F.
expectant.] Waiting in expectation; looking
for; (Med.) waiting for the efforts of
nature, with little active treatment.
Expectant estate (Law), an estate
in expectancy. See under Expectancy.
Ex*pect"ant, n. One who waits in
expectation; one held in dependence by hope of receiving some
good.
An expectant of future glory.
South.
Those who had employments, or were expectants.
Swift.
Ex`pec*ta"tion (?) n. [L.
expectio. exspectio: cf. F.
expectation.] 1. The act or state
of expecting or looking forward to an event as about to
happen. \'bdIn expectation of a guest.\'b8
Tennyson.
My soul, wait thou only upon God, for my
expectation is from him.
Ps. lxii. 5.
2. That which is expected or looked for.
Why our great expectation should be called
The seed of woman.
Milton.
3. The prospect of the future; grounds upon which
something excellent is expected to happen; prospect of anything
good to come, esp. of c or rank.
His magnificent expiations made him, in the opinion
of the world, the best much in Europe.
Prescott.
By all men's eyes a youth of expectations.
Otway.
4. The value of any chance (as the prospect of
prize or property) which depends upon some contingent event.
Expectations are computed for or against the
occurrence of the event.
5. (Med.) The leaving of the disease
principally to the efforts of nature to effect a cure.
Expectation of life, the mean or average
duration of the life individuals after any specified
age.
Syn. -- Anticipation; confidence; trust.
Ex*pect"a*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
expectatif.] Constituting an object of
expectation; contingent.
Expectative grace, a mandate given by the pope
or a prince appointing a successor to any benefice before it
becomes vacant.
Foxe.
Ex*pect"a*tive, n. [F.
expectative, fr. expectatif
expectant.] Something in expectation; esp., an
expectative grace.
Milman.
Ex*pect"ed*ly, adv. In conformity with
expectation. [R.]
Walpole.
Ex*pect"er (?), n. One who
expects.
Ex*pect"ing*ly, adv. In state of
expectation.
Ex*pect"ive (?), a.
Expectative. [R.]
Shipley.
Ex*pec"to*rant (?), a. [L.
expectorans, p. pr. of expectorare to drive
from the breast: cf. F. expectorant.]
(Med.) Tending to facilitate expectoration or to
promote discharges of mucus, etc., from the lungs or
throat. -- n. An expectorant
medicine.
Ex*pec"to*rate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Expectorated
(?); p. pr. & vb. n. Expectorating
(?).] [L. expecrorare to
drive from the breast; ex out + pectus,
pectiris, breast. See Pectoral.]
To eject from the trachea or lungs; to discharge, as phlegm
or other matter, by coughing, hawking, and spitting; to spit
forth.
Ex*pec"to*rate, v. i. To discharge
matter from the lungs or throat bu hawking and spitting; to
spit.
Ex*pec`to*ra"tion (?), n. [Cf.
F. expectoration.] 1. The act of
ejecting phlegm or mucus from the throat or lungs, by coughing,
hawking, and spitting.
2. That which is expectorated, as phlegm or
mucus.
Ex*pec"to*ra*tive (?), a. & n.
Same as Expectorant.
Harvey.
Ex*pede" (?) v. t. To expedite;
to hasten. [Obs.]
Ex*pe"di*ate (?), v. t. [Cf. F.
exp\'82dier. See Expedite.] To
hasten; to expedite. [Obs.] \'bdTo
expediate their business.\'b8
Sir E. Sandys.
{ Ex*pe"di*ence (?),
Ex*pe"di*en*cy (?), }, n.
1. The quality of being expedient or advantageous;
fitness or suitableness to effect a purpose intended; adaptedness
to self-interest; desirableness; advantage; advisability; --
sometimes contradistinguished from moral
rectitude.
Divine wisdom discovers no expediency in vice.
Cogan.
To determine concerning the expedience of
action.
Sharp.
Much declamation may be heard in the present day against
expediency, as if it were not the proper object of a
deliberative assembly, and as if it were only pursued by the
unprincipled.
Whately.
2. Expedition; haste; dispatch.
[Obs.]
Making hither with all due expedience.
Shak.
3. An expedition; enterprise; adventure.
[Obs.]
Forwarding this dear expedience.
Shak.
Ex*pe"di*ent (?) a. [L.
expediens, -entis, p. pr. of
expedire to be expedient, release, extricate: cf. F.
exp\'82dient. See Expedite.]
1. Hastening or forward; hence, tending to further
or promote a proposed object; fit or proper under the
circumstances; conducive to self-interest; desirable; advisable;
advantageous; -- sometimes contradistinguished from
right.
It is expedient for you that I go away.
John xvi. 7.
Nothing but the right can ever be expedient, since
that can never be true expediency which would sacrifice a greater
good to a less.
Whately.
2. Quick; expeditious. [Obs.]
His marches are expedient to this town.
Shak.
Ex*pe"di*ent, n. 1. That which
serves to promote or advance; suitable means to accomplish an
end.
What sure expedient than shall Juno find,
To calm her fears and ease her boding mind?
Philips.
2. Means devised in an exigency; shift.
Syn. -- Shift; contrivance; resource; substitute.
Ex*pe`di*en"tial (?). Governed by
expediency; seeking advantage; as an expediential
policy. \'bdCalculating, expediential
understanding.\'b8 Hare. --
Ex*pe`di*en"tial*ly , adv.
/.
Ex*pe"di*ent*ly (?) adv. 1.
In an expedient manner; fitly; suitably; conveniently.
2. With expedition; quickly.
[Obs.]
Ex*ped"i*ment (?) n. An
expedient. [Obs.]
A like expediment to remove discontent.
Barrow.
Ex*ped"i*tate (?), v. t. [LL.
expeditatus, p. p. of expeditare to
expeditate; ex out + pes, pedis,
foot.] (Eng. Forest Laws) To deprive of the
claws or the balls of the fore feet; as, to
expeditate a dog that he may not chase deer.
Ex"pe*dite (?), a. [L.
expeditus, p. p. of expedire to free one
caught by the foot, to extricate, set free, bring forward, make
ready; ex out + pes, prdis, t. See
Foot.] 1. Free of impediment;
unimpeded.
To make the way plain and expedite.
Hooker.
2. Expeditious; quick; speedily; prompt.
Nimble and expedite . . . in its operation.
Tollotson.
Speech is a very short and expedite way of
conveying their thoughts.
Locke.
Ex"pe*dite, v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Expedited (?);p. pr. & vb.
n. Expediting (?).]
1. To relieve of impediments; to facilitate; to
accelerate the process or progress of; to hasten; to quicken;
as, to expedite the growth of plants.
To expedite your glorious march.
Milton.
2. To despatch; to send forth; to issue
officially.
Such charters be expedited of course.
Bacon.
Ex"pe*dite`ly (?), adv. In
expedite manner; expeditiously.
Ex"pe*dite`ness, n. Quality of being
expedite.
Ex`pe*di"tion (?), n. [L.
expeditio: cf.F. exp\'82dition.]
1. The quality of being expedite; efficient
promptness; haste; dispatch; speed; quickness; as to carry the
mail with expedition.
With winged expedition
Swift as the lightning glance. /
2. A sending forth or setting forth the execution
of some object of consequence; progress.
Putting it straight in expedition.
/
3. An important enterprise, implying a change of
place; especially, a warlike enterprise; a march or a voyage with
martial intentions; an excursion by a body of persons for a
valuable end; as, a military, naval, exploring, or scientific
expedition; also, the body of persons making such
excursion.
The expedition miserably failed.
Prescott.
Narrative of the exploring expedition to the Rocky
Mountains.
J. C. Fremont.
Ex`pe*di"tion*a*ry (?), a. Of
or pertaining to an expedition; as, an expeditionary
force.
Ex`pe*di"toin*ist, n. One who goes upon
an expedition. [R].
Ex`pe*di"tious (?), a.
Possessed of, or characterized by, expedition, or efficiency
and rapidity in action; performed with, or acting with,
expedition; quick; having celerity; speedily; as, an
expeditious march or messenger. --
Ex`pe*di"tious*ly, adv. --
Ex`pe*di"tious*ness, n.
Syn. -- Prompt; ready; speedy; alert. See
Prompt.
Ex*ped"i*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
exp\'82ditif.] Performing with speed.
[Obs.]
Bacon.
Ex*pel" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Expelled
(?), p. pr. & vb. n..
Expelling.] [L. expellere,
expulsum; ex out + pellere to
drive: cf.F. expeller. See Pulse a
beat.] 1. To drive or force out from that
within which anything is contained, inclosed, or situated; to
eject; as to expel air from a bellows.
Did not ye . . . expel me out of my father's
house?
Judg. Xi. 7.
2. To drive away from one's country; to
banish.
Forewasted all their land, and them expelled.
Spenser..
He shell expel them from before you . . . and ye
shell possess their land.
Josh. xxiii. 5.
3. To cut off from further connection with an
institution of learning, a society, and the like; as, to
expel a student or member.
4. To keep out, off, or away; to exclude.
\'bdTo expel the winter's flaw.\'b8
Shak.
5. To discharge; to shoot.
[Obs.]
Then he another and another [shaft] did expel.
Spenser..
Syn. -- To banish; exile; eject; drive out. See
Banish.
Ex*pel"la*ble (?), a. Capable
of being expelled or driven out. \'bdExpellable
by heat.\'b8
Kirwan.
Ex*pel"ler (?), n. One who. or
that which, expels.
Ex*pend" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Expended; p.
pr. & vb. n. Expending.] [L.
expendere, expensum, to weigh out, pay out,
lay out, lay out; ex out + pendere to
weigh. See Poise, and cf. Spend.] To
lay out, apply, or employ in any way; to consume by use; to use
up or distribute, either in payment or in donations; to spend;
as, they expend money for food or in charity; to
expend time labor, and thought; to expend hay
in feeding cattle, oil in a lamp, water in mechanical
operations.
If my death might make this island happy . . .
I would expend it with all willingness.
Shak.
Ex*pend", v. i. 1. To be laid
out, used, or consumed.
2. To pay out or disburse money.
They go elsewhere to enjoy and to expend.
Macaulay.
Ex*pen"i*tor (?), n.
[LL.] (O. Eng. Law) A disburser;
especially, one of the disbursers of taxes for the repair of
sewers.
Mozley & W.
Ex*pend"iture (?), n. 1.
The act of expending; a laying out, as of money;
disbursement.
our expenditure purchased commerce and
conquest.
Burke.
2. That which is expended or paid out;
expense.
The receipts and expenditures of this extensive
country.
A. Hamilton.
Ex*pense" (?), n. [L.
expensa (sc. pecunia), or
expensum, fr. expensus, p. p. of
expendere. See Expend.] 1.
A spending or consuming; disbursement; expenditure.
Husband nature's riches from expense.
Shak.
2. That which is expended, laid out, or consumed;
cost; outlay; charge; -- sometimes with the notion of
loss or damage to those on whom the expense
falls; as, the expenses of war; an expense
of time.
Courting popularity at his party's expense.
Brougham.
3. Loss. [Obs.]
Shak.
And moan the expense of many a vanished sight.
Spenser.
Expense magazine (Mil.), a small
magazine containing ammunition for immediate use.
H. L. Scott.
Ex*pense"full (?), a. Full of
expense; costly; chargeable. [R.] Sir H.
Wotton. -- Ex*pense"ful*ly,
adv. [R.] -- Ex*pense"ful*ness,
n. [R.]
Ex*pense"less, a. Without cost or
expense.
Ex*pen"sive (?), a. 1.
Occasioning expense; calling for liberal outlay; costly;
dear; liberal; as, expensive dress; an
expensive house or family.
War is expensive, and peace desirable.
Burke.
2. Free in expending; very liberal; especially, in
a bad scene; extravagant; lavish. [R.]
An active, expensive, indefatigable goodness.
Sprat.
The idle and expensive are dangerous.
Sir W. Temple.
Syn. -- Costly; dear; high-priced; lavish;
extravagant.
-- Ex*pen"sive*ly, adv. --
Ex*pen"sive*ness, n.
Ex*pe"ri*ence (?), n. [F.
exp\'82rience, L. experientia, tr.
experiens, /entis, p. pr. of
experiri, expertus, to try; ex
out + the root of pertus experienced. See
Peril, and cf. Expert.] 1.
Trial, as a test or experiment. [Obs.]
She caused him to make experience
Upon wild beasts.
Spenser.
2. The effect upon the judgment or feelings
produced by any event, whether witnessed or participated in;
personal and direct impressions as contrasted with description or
fancies; personal acquaintance; actual enjoyment or
suffering. \'bdGuided by other's
experiences.\'b8
Shak.
I have but one lamp by which my feet are guided, and that is
the lamp of experience.
P. Henry
To most men experience is like the stern lights of
a ship, which illumine only the track it has passed.
Coleridge.
When the consuls . . . came in . . . they knew soon by
experience how slenderly guarded against danger the
majesty of rulers is where force is wanting.
Holland.
Those that undertook the religion of our Savior upon his
preaching, had no experience of it.
Sharp.
3. An act of knowledge, one or more, by which
single facts or general truths are ascertained; experimental or
inductive knowledge; hence, implying skill, facility, or
practical wisdom gained by personal knowledge, feeling or action;
as, a king without experience of war.
Whence hath the mind all the materials of reason and
knowledge? To this I answer in one word, from
experience.
Locke.
Experience may be acquired in two ways; either,
first by noticing facts without any attempt to influence the
frequency of their occurrence or to vary the circumstances under
which they occur; this is observation; or, secondly,
by putting in action causes or agents over which we have control,
and purposely varying their combinations, and noticing what
effects take place; this is experiment.
Sir J. Herschel.
Ex*re"ri*ence, v. t. [imp. &
p. p. Experienced (-enst);
p. pr. & vb. n. Experiencing
(-en-s?ng).] 1. To
make practical acquaintance with; to try personally; to prove by
use or trial; to have trial of; to have the lot or fortune of; to
have befall one; to be affected by; to feel; as, to
experience pain or pleasure; to experience
poverty; to experience a change of views.
The partial failure and disappointment which he had
experienced in India.
Thirwall.
2. To exercise; to train by practice.
The youthful sailors thus with early care
Their arms experience, and for sea prepare.
Harte.
To experience religion (Theol.), to
become a convert to the diatribes of Christianity; to yield to
the power of religions truth.
Ex*pe"ri*enced (-enst), p. p. &
a. Taught by practice or by repeated observations;
skillful or wise by means of trials, use, or observation; as,
an experienced physician, workman, soldier; an
experienced eye.
The ablest and most experienced statesmen.
Bancroft.
Ex*pe"ri*en*cer (-en-s?r),
n. 1. One who experiences.
2. An experimenter. [Obs.]
Sir. K. Gigby.
Ex*pe"ri*ent (-ent), a.
Experienced. [Obs.]
The prince now ripe and full experient.
Beau & Fl.
Ex*pe`ri*en"tial (?), a.
Derived from, or pertaining to, experience.
Coleridge.
It is called empirical or experiential . . .
because it is divan to us by experience or observation, and not
obtained as the result of inference or reasoning.
Sir. W. Hamiltion.
-- Ex*pe`ri*en"tial*ly,
adv.
DR. H. More.
Ex*pe`ri*en"tial*ism (?), n.
(Philos.) The doctrine that experience, either
that ourselves or of others, is the test or criterion of general
knowledge; -- opposed to intuitionists.
Experientialism is in short, a philosophical or
logical theory, not a philosophical one.
G. C. Robertson.
Ex*pe`ri*en"tial*list, n. One who
accepts the doctrine of experientialism. Also used
adjectively.
Ex*per"i*ment (?), n. [L.
experimentum, fr. experiri to try: cf. OF.
esperiment, experiment. See
Experience.] 1. Atrial or special
observation, made to confirm or disprove something doubtful;
esp., one under conditions determined by the experimenter; an act
or operation undertaken in order to discover some unknown
principle or effect, or to test, establish, or illustrate some
suggest or known truth; practical test; poof.
A political experiment can not be made in a
laboratory, not determinant in a few hours.
J. Adams.
2. Experience. [Obs.]
Adam, by sad experiment I know
How little weight my words with thee can find.
Milton.
Ex*per"i*ment (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Experimented;
p. pr. & vb. n. Experinenting.]
To make experiment; to operate by test or trial; -- often
with on, upon, or in, referring
to the subject of an experiment; with, referring to
the instrument; and by, referring to the
means; as, to experiment upon electricity; he
experimented in plowing with ponies, or by steam
power.
Ex*per"i*ment, v.t, To try; to know,
perceive, or prove, by trial experience.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Herbert.
Ex*per`i*men"tal (?), a. [Cf.F.
exp\'82rimental.] 1. Pertaining to
experiment; founded on, or derived from, experiment or trial;
as, experimental science; given to, or skilled
in, experiment; as, an experimental
philosopher.
2. Known by, or derived from, experience; as,
experimental religion.
Ex*per`i*me"tal*ist, n. One who makes
experiments; an experimenter.
Whaterly.
Ex*per`i*men"tal*ize (?), v. i.
To make experiments (upon); to experiment.
J. S. Mill.
Ex*per`i*men"tal*ly (?), adv.
By experiment; by experience or trial.
J. S. Mill.
Ex*per`i*men*ta"ri*an (?), a.
Relying on experiment or experience. \'bdan
experimentarian philosopher.\'b8 Boyle. --
n. One who relies on experiment or
experience. [Obs.]
Ex*per`i*men*ta"tion (?), n.
The act of experimenting; practice by experiment.
J. S. Mill.
<-- p. 528 -->
Ex-per`i-men"ta*tive (?), a.
Experimental; of the nature of experiment.
[R.]
Ex*per"i*men*ta`tor (?), n.
[LL.] An experimenter. [R.]
Ex*per"i*men`ter (?), n. One
who makes experiments; one skilled in experiments.
Faraday.
Ex*per"i*men`tist (?), n. An
experimenter.
Ex`per*rec"tion (?), n. [L.
expergisci, p. p. experrectus, to rose up;
ex out + pergere to wake up.] A
waking up or arousing. [Obs.]
Holland
Ex*pert" (?), a. [F.
expert, L. expertus, p. p. of
experiri to try. See Experience.]
Taught by use, practice, or experience, experienced; having
facility of operation or performance from practice; knowing and
ready from much practice; clever; skillful; as, an
expert surgeon; expert in chess or
archery.
A valiant and most expert gentleman.
Shak.
What practice, howsoe'er expert
In fitting aptest words to things . . .
Hath power to give thee as thou wert?
Tennison.
Syn. -- Adroit; dexterous; clever; ready; prompt.
Ex"pert (?), n. 1. An
expert or experienced person; one instructed by experience; one
who has skill, experience, or extensive knowledge in his calling
or in any special branch of learning.
2. (Law) (a) A specialist in a
particular profession or department of science requiring for its
mastery peculiar culture and erudition.
(b) A sworn appraiser.
Ex*pert" (?), v. t. To
experience. [Obs.]
Die would we daily, once it to expert.
Spencer.
Ex*pert"ly, adv. In a skillful or
dexterous manner; adroitly; with readiness and accuracy.
Ex*pert"ness, n. Skill derived from
practice; readiness; as, expertness in seamanship,
or in reasoning.
Syn. -- Facility; readiness; dexterity; adroitness; skill.
See Facility.
Ex*pet"ible (?), a. [L.,
expetibilis, fr. expetere to wish for;
ex out + petere to seek.] Worthy
of being wished for; desirable. [Obs.]
Puller.
Ex"pi*a*ble (?), a. [See
Expiate.] Capable of being expiated or atoned
for; as, an expiable offense; expiable
guilt.
Bp. Hall.
Ex"pi*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p.
Expiated(?);p. pr. & vb. n.
Expiating(?).] [L.
expiatus, p.p. of expiare to expiate;
ex out + piare to seek to appease, to
purify with sacred rites, fr. pius pious. See
Pious.]
1. To extinguish the guilt of by sufferance of
penalty or some equivalent; to make complete satisfaction for; to
atone for; to make amends for; to make expiation for; as, to
expiate a crime, a guilt, or sin.
To expiate his treason, hath naught left.
Milton.
The Treasurer obliged himself to expiate the
injury.
Clarendon.
2. To purify with sacred rites.
[Obs.]
Neither let there be found among you any one that shall
expiate his son or daughter, making them to pass
through the fire.
Deut. xviii. 10 (Douay version)
Ex"pi*ate (?), a. [L.
expiatus,p.p] Terminated.
[Obs.]
Shak.
Ex`pi*a"tion (?), n. [L.
expiatio: cf.F. expiation]
1. The act of making satisfaction or atonement for
any crime or fault; the extinguishing of guilt by suffering or
penalty.
His liberality seemed to have something in it of
self-abasement and expiation.
W. Irving.
2. The means by which reparation or atonement for
crimes or sins is made; an expiatory sacrifice or offering; an
atonement.
Those shadowy expiations weak,
The blood of bulls and goats.
Milton.
3. An act by which the treats of prodigies were
averted among the ancient heathen. [Obs.]
Hayward.
Ex"pi*a*tist (?), n. An
expiator. [R.]
Ex"pi*a`tor (?), n. [L.]
One who makes expiation or atonement.
Ex`pi*a*to"ri*ous (?), a. Of an
expiatory nature; expiatory.
Jer. Taylor.
Ex"pi*a*to*ry (?), a. [L.
expiatorius: cf. F. expiatoire.]
Having power, or intended, to make expiation; atoning;
as, an expiatory sacrifice.
Ex`pi*la"tion (?), n. [L.
expiatio.] The act of expilating or
stripping off; plunder; pillage. [Obs.]
This ravenous expiation of the state.
Daniel.
Ex"pi*la`tor (?), n. [L.]
One who pillages; a plunderer; a pillager.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Ex*pir"a*ble (?), a. That may
expire; capable of being brought to an end.
Ex*pir"ant (?), n. One who
expires or is expiring.
Ex`pi*ra"tion (?), n. [L.
expiratio,exspiratio: cf. F.
expiration. See Expire.] 1.
The act of expiring; as:
(a)(Physiol.) The act or process of
breathing out, or forcing air from the lungs through the nose or
mouth; as, respiration consists of inspiration and
expiration; -- opposed to
inspiration. (b) Emission of
volatile matter; exhalation.
The true cause of cold is an expiration from the
globe of the earth.
Bacon.
(c) The last emission of breath; death.
\'bdThe groan of expiration.\'b8
Rambler.
(d) A coming to a close; cessation; extinction;
termination; end.
Before the expiration of thy time.
Shak.
2. That which is expired; matter breathed forth;
that which is produced by breathing out, as a sound.
The aspirate \'bdhe,\'b8 which is . . . a gentle
expiration.
G. Sharp.
Ex*pir"a*to*ry (?), a.
(Physiol.) Pertaining to, or employed in, the
expiration or emission of air from the lungs; as, the
expiratory muscles.
Ex*pire" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Expired
(?);p. pr & vb. n.
Expiring.] [L. expirare,
exspirare, expiratum,
exspiratum; ex out + spirare to
breathe: cf. F. expirer. See Spirit.]
1. To breathe out; to emit from the lungs; to throw
out from the mouth or nostrils in the process of respiration; --
opposed to inspire.
Anatomy exhibits the lungs in a continual motion of inspiring
and expiring air.
Harvey.
This chafed the boar; his nostrils flames
expire.
Dryden.
2. To give forth insensibly or gently, as a fluid
or vapor; to emit in minute particles; to exhale; as, the
earth expires a damp vapor; plants expire
odors.
The expiring of cold out of the inward parts of the
earth in winter.
Bacon.
3. To emit; to give out. [Obs.]
Dryden.
4. To bring to a close; to terminate.
[Obs.]
Expire the term
Of a despised life.
Shak.
Ex*pire", v. i. 1. To emit the
breath.
2. To emit the last breath; to breathe out the
life; to die; as, to expire calmly; to
expire in agony.
3. To come to an end; to cease; to terminate; to
perish; to become extinct; as, the flame expired;
his lease expires to-day; the month expired on
Saturday.
4. To burst forth; to fly out with a blast.
[Obs.]
\'bdThe ponderous ball expires.\'b8
Dryden.
Ex*pir"ing (?), a. 1.
Breathing out air from the lungs; emitting fluid or volatile
matter; exhaling; breathing the last breath; dying; ending;
terminating.
2. Pertaining to, or uttered at, the time of dying;
as, expiring words; expiring
groans.
Ex"pi*ry (?), n.
Expiration.
He had to leave at the expiry of the term.
Lamb.
The Parliament . . . now approaching the expiry of
its legal term.
J. Morley.
Ex*pis"cate (?), v. t. [L.
expiscatus, p.p. of expiscari to fish out;
ex out+piscari to fish, piscis
fish.] To fish out; to find out by skill or laborious
investigation; to search out. \'bdTo expiscate
principles.\'b8 [R.]
Nichol.
Dr.Burton has with much ingenuity endeavord to
expiscate the truth which may be involved in them.
W. L. Alexander.
Ex`pis*ca"tion (?), n. The act
of expiscating; a fishing. [R.]
Chapman.
Ex*pis"ca*to*ry (?), a. Tending
to fish out; searching out [R.]
Carlyle.
Ex*plain" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p.
Explained(?);p. pr. & vb. n.
Explaining.] [L. explandare
to flatten, spread out, explain; ex
out+plandare to make level or plain, planus
plain: cf. OF. esplaner, explaner. See
Plain,a., and cf. Esplanade.]
1. To flatten; to spread out; to unfold; to
expand. [Obs.]
The horse-chestnut is . . . ready to explain its
leaf.
Evelyn.
2. To make plain, manifest, or intelligible; to
clear of obscurity; to expound; to unfold and illustrate the
meaning of; as, to explain a chapter of the
Bible.
Commentators to explain the difficult passages to
you.
Gay.
To explain away, to get rid of by explanation.
\'bdThose explain the meaning quite
\'bdaway.\'b8
Pope.
Syn. -- To expound; interpret; elucidate; clear up.
Ex*plain", v. i. To give an
explanation.
Ex*plain"a*ble (?), a. [L.
explainabilis.] Capable of being explained
or made plain to the understanding; capable of being
interpreted.
Sir. T. Browne.
Ex*plain"er (?), n. One who
explains; an expounder or expositor; a commentator; an
interpreter.
Ex"pla*nate, a. [L.
explanatus, p.p. of explanare. See
Explain.] (Bot. & Zo\'94l.)
Spreading or extending outwardly in a flat form.
Ex`pla*na"tion (?), n. [L.
explanatio: cf. OF. esplanation.]
1. The act of explaining, expounding, or
interpreting; the act of clearing from obscurity and making
intelligible; as, the explanation of a passage in
Scripture, or of a contract or treaty.
2. That which explains or makes clear; as, a
satisfactory explanation.
3. The meaning attributed to anything by one who
explains it; definition; inerpretation; sense.
Different explanations [of the Trinity].
Bp. Burnet.
4. A mutual exposition of terms, meaning, or
motives, with a view to adjust a misunderstanding, and reconcile
differences; reconciliation; agreement; as, to come to an
explanation.
Syn. -- Definition; description; explication; exposition;
interpretation; detail. See Definition.
Ex*plan"a*tive (?), a.
Explanatory.
Ex*plan"a*to*ri*ness (?), n.
The quality of being explanatory.
Ex*plan"a*to*ry (?), a. [L.
explanatorius.] Serving to explain;
containing explanation; as explanatory notes.
Swift.
{ Ex*plat" (?), Ex*plate"
(?), } v. t. [Pref.
ex-+plat or plait.] To explain;
to unfold. [Obs.]
Like Solon's self explatest the knotty laws.
B. Jonson.
Ex*ple"tion (?), n. [L.
expletio a satisfying. See Expletive.]
Accomplishment; fulfillment. [Obs.]
Killingbeck.
Ex"ple*tive (?), a. [L.
expletivus, from expletus, p.p. of
explere to fill up; ex out+plere
to fill, akin to plenus full: cf. F.
expl\'82tif. See Full.] Filling
up; hence, added merely for the purpose of filling up;
superfluous. \'bdExpletive imagery.\'b8
Hallam.
Expletive phrases to plump his speech.
Barrow.
Ex"ple*tive, n. A word, letter, or
syllable not necessary to the sense, but inserted to fill a
vacancy; an oath.
While explectives their feeble aid to join,
And ten low words oft creep in one dull line.
Pope.
Ex"ple*tive*ly, adv. In the manner of an
expletive.
Ex"ple*to*ry (?), a. Serving to
fill up; expletive; superfluous; as, an expletory
word.
Bp. Burnet.
Ex"pli*ca*ble (?), a. [L.
explicabilis: cf. F. explicable.]
Capable of being explicated; that may be explained or
accounted for; admitting explanation.
It is not explicable upon any grounds.
Burke.
Ex"pli*ca*ble*ness, n. Quality of being
explicable.
Ex"pli*cate (?), a. [L.
explicatus, p.p. of explicare.]
Evolved; unfolded.
Jer. Taylor.
Ex"pli*cate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p.
Explicated(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Explicating(?).] 1.
To unfold; to expand; to lay open. [Obs.]
\'bdThey explicate the leaves.\'b8
Blackmore.
2. To unfold the meaning or sense of; to explain;
to clear of difficulties or obscurity; to interpret.
The last verse of his last satire is not yet sufficiently
explicated.
Dryden.
Ex`pli*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
explicatio: cf. F. explication.]
1. The act of opening, unfolding, or explaining;
explanation; exposition; interpretation.
The explication of our Savior's parables.
Atterbury.
2. The sense given by an expositor.
Bp. Burnet.
Ex"pli*ca*tive (?), a. [Cf. F.
explicatif.] Serving to unfold or explain;
tending to lay open to the understanding; explanatory.
Sir W. Hamilton.
Ex"pli*ca`tor (?), n.
[L.] One who unfolds or explains; an expounder;
an explainer.
Ex"pli*ca`to*ry (?), a.
Explicative.
Barrow.
\'d8Ex"pli*cit (?). [LL., an abbreviation
of explicitus (est liber) the book (which
anciently was a roll of parchment) is unfolded (and, of course,
\'bdfinished\'b8). See Explicit, a.]
A word formerly used (as finis is now) at the
conclusion of a book to indicate the end.
Ex*plic"it (?), a. [L.
explicitus; p.p. of explicare to unfold:
cf. F. explicite. See Explicate,
Exploit.] 1. Not implied merely, or
conveyed by implication; distinctly stated; plain in language;
open to the understanding; clear; not obscure or ambiguous;
express; unequivocal; as, an explicit
declaration.
The language of the charter was too explicit to
admit of a doubt.
Bancroft.
2. Having no disguised meaning or reservation;
unreserved; outspoken; -- applied to persons; as, he was
earnest and explicit in his statement.
Explicit function. (Math.) See
under Function.
Syn. -- Express; clear; plain; open; unreserved;
unambiguous. -- Explicit,
Express. Explicit denotes a setting forth in
the plainest, language, so that the meaning can not be
misunderstood; as, an explicit promise.
Express is stronger than explicit: it adds
force to clearness. An express promise or engagement
is not only unambiguous, but stands out in bold relief, with the
most binding hold on the conscience. An explicit
statement; a clear and explicit notion;
explicit direction; no words can be more
explicit. An explicit command; an
express prohibition. \'bdAn express
declaration goes forcibly and directly to the point. An
explicit declaration leaves nothing
ambiguous.\'b8
C. J. Smith.
Ex*plic"it*ly (?), adv. In an
explicit manner; clearly; plainly; without disguise or
reservation of meaning; not by inference or implication; as,
he explicitly avows his intention.
Ex*plic"it*ness, n. The quality of being
explicit; clearness; directness.
Jer. Taylor.
Ex*plode" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Exploded; p.
pr. & vb. n. Exploding.] [L.
explodere, explosum, to drive out, drive
out a player by clapping; ex out+plaudere,
plodere, to clap, strike, applaud: cf. OF.
exploder. See Plausible.] 1.
To become suddenly expanded into a great volume of gas or
vapor; to burst violently into flame; as gunpowder
explodes.
2. To burst with force and a loud report; to
detonate, as a shell filled with powder or the like material, or
as a boiler from too great pressure of steam.
3. To burst forth with sudden violence and noise;
as, at this, his wrath exploded.
Ex*plode", v. t. 1. To drive
from the stage by noisy expressions of disapprobation; to hoot
off; to drive away or reject noisily; as, to explode
a play. [Obs.]
Him old and young
Exploded, and seized with violent hands.
Milton.
2. To bring into disrepute, and reject; to drive
from notice and acceptance; as, to explode a scheme,
fashion, or doctrine.
Old exploded contrivances of mercantile fraud.
Burke.
To explode and exterminate dark atheism.
Bently.
3. To cause to explode or burst noisily; to
detonate; as, to explode powder by touching it with
fire.
4. To drive out with violence and noise, as by
powder.
But late the kindled powder did explode
The massy ball and the brass tube unload.
Blackmore.
Ex*plod"ent (?), n. 1.
An instrument or agent causing explosion; an exploder; also,
an explosive.
2. See Explosive, n.,
2.
Ex*plod"er (?), n. 1.
One who or that which explodes.
2. One who rejects an opinion or scheme with open
contempt.
South.
Ex*ploit" (?), n. [OE.
esploit success, OF. esploit,
espleit,revenue, product, vigor, force, exploit, F.
exploit exploit, fr. L. explicitum, prop.
p.p. neut. of explicare to unfold, display, exhibit;
ex+plicare to fold. See Ply, and cf.
Explicit, Explicate.] 1. A
deed or act; especially, a heroic act; a deed of renown; an
adventurous or noble achievement; as, the exploits
of Alexander the Great.
Ripe for exploits and mighty enterprises.
Shak.
2. Combat; war. [Obs.]
He made haste to exploit some warlike service.
Holland.
2. [F. exploiter.] To
utilize; to make available; to get the value or usefulness out
of; as, to exploit a mine or agricultural lands; to
exploit public opinion. [Recent]
<-- p. 529 -->
3. Hence: To draw an illegitimate profit from; to
speculate on; to put upon. [Recent]
In no sense whatever does a man who accumulates a fortune by
legitimate industry exploit his employ\'82s or make
his capital \'bdout of\'b8 anybody else.
W. G. Sumner.
Ex`ploi*ta"tion (?), n.
[F.] The act of exploiting or utilizing.
J. D. Whitney.
Ex*ploi"ture (?; 135), n.
1. The act of exploiting or accomplishing;
achievement. [Obs.]
Udall.
2. Exploitation.
Harper's Mag.
Ex*plor"a*ble (?), a. That may
be explored; as, an explorable region.
Ex*plo"rate (?), v. t. [L.
explorare, exploratum.] To
explore. [Obs.]
Sir. T. Browne.
Ex`plo*ra"tion (?), n. [L.
exploratio: cf. F. exploration.]
The act of exploring, penetrating, or ranging over for
purposes of discovery, especially of geographical discovery;
examination; as, the exploration of unknown
countries; (Med.) physical
examination.
\'bdAn exploration of doctrine.\'b8
Bp. Hall.
Ex*plor"a*tive (?), a.
Exploratory.
Ex"plo*ra`tor (?), n.
[L.] One who explores; one who examines closely;
a searcher.
Ex*plor"a*to*ry (?), a. [L.
exploratorius.] Serving or intended to
explore; searching; examining; explorative.
Sir H. Wotton.
Ex*plore" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p.
Explored(?);p. pr. & vb. n.
Exploring.] [L. explorare to
explore; ex out+plorare to cry out
aloud,prob. orig., to cause to flow; perh. akin to E.
flow: cf. F. explorer.] 1.
To seek for or after; to strive to attain by search; to look
wisely and carefully for. [Obs.]
Explores the lost, the wandering sheep directs.
Pope.
2. To search through or into; to penetrate or range
over for discovery; to examine thoroughly; as, to
explore new countries or seas; to explore the
depths of science. \'bdHidden frauds [to]
explore.\'b8
Dryden.
Ex*plore"ment, n. The act of exploring;
exploration. [R.]
Sir T. Browne.
Ex*plor"er (?), n. One who
explores; also, an apparatus with which one explores, as a diving
bell.
Eplor"ing, a. Employed in, or designed
for, exploration. \'bdExploring parties.\'b8
Bancroft.
Ex*plo"sion (?), n. [L.
explosio a driving off by clapping: cf. F.
explosion explosion. See Explode.]
1. The act of exploding; detonation; a chemical
action which causes the sudden formation of a great volume of
expanded gas; as, the explosion of gunpowder, of
fire damp,etc.
2. A bursting with violence and loud noise, because
of internal pressure; as, the explosion of a gun, a
bomb, a steam boiler, etc.
3. A violent outburst of feeling, manifested by
excited language, action, etc.; as, an explosion of
wrath.
A formidable explosion of high-church
fanaticism.
Macaulay.
Ex*plo"sive (?), a. [Cf. F.
explosif.] Driving or bursting out with
violence and noise; causing explosion; as, the
explosive force of gunpowder.
Ex*plo"sive, n. 1. An explosive
agent; a compound or mixture susceptible of a rapid chemical
reaction, as gunpowder, or nitro-glycerine.
2. A sound produced by an explosive impulse of the
breath; (Phonetics) one of consonants p,
b, t, d, k,
g, which are sounded with a sort of explosive power of
voice. [See Guide to Pronunciation,
Ex*plo"sive*ly, adv. In an explosive
manner.
Ex*po`li*a"tion (?), n. See
Exspoliation. [Obs.]
Bp. Hall.
Ex*pol"ish (?), v. t. [Cf. L.
expolire. See Polish.] To polish
thoroughly. [Obs.]
Heywood.
Ex*pone" (?), v. t. [OE.
exponen. See Expound.] To expound;
to explain; also, to expose; to imperil. [Old Eng. &
Scotch]
Drummond.
Ex*po"nent (?), n. [L.
exponens, -entis, p. pr. of
exponere to put out, set forth, expose. See
Expound.] 1. (Alg.) A
number, letter, or any quantity written on the right hand of and
above another quantity, and denoting how many times the latter is
repeated as a factor to produce the power indicated;
thus a2 denotes the second power, and
an the xth power, of a (2
and x being the exponents). A fractional
exponent, or index, is used to denote the root of a
quantity. Thus, a denotes the third
or cube root of a.
2. One who, or that which, stands as an index or
representative; as, the leader of a party is the
exponent of its principles.
Exponent of a ratio, the quotient arising when
the antecedent is divided by the consequent; thus, 6 is the
exponent of the ratio of 30 to 5.
[R.]
Ex`po*nen"tial (?), a. [Cf. F.
exponentiel.] Pertaining to exponents;
involving variable exponents; as, an exponential
expression; exponential calculus; an
exponential function.
Exponential curve, a curve whose nature is
defined by means of an exponential equation. --
Exponential equation, an equation which contains
an exponential quantity, or in which the unknown quantity enters
as an exponent. -- Exponential quantity
(Math.), a quantity whose exponent is unknown or
variable, as ax. -- Exponential
series, a series derived from the development of
exponential equations or quantities.
Ex*port" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exported; p.
pr. & vb. n. Exporting.] [L.
exportare, exportatum; ex
out+portare to carry : cf. F. exporter. See
Port demeanor.] 1. To carry away; to
remove. [Obs.]
[They] export honor from a man, and make him a
return in envy.
Bacon.
2. To carry or send abroad, or out of a country,
especially to foreign countries, as merchandise or commodities in
the way of commerce; -- the opposite of import;
as, to export grain, cotton, cattle, goods,
etc.
Ex"port (?), n. 1. The
act of exporting; exportation; as, to prohibit the
export of wheat or tobacco.
2. That which is exported; a commodity conveyed
from one country or State to another in the way of traffic; --
used chiefly in the plural, exports.
The ordinary course of exchange . . . between two places must
likewise be an indication of the ordinary course of their
exports and imports.
A. Smith.
Ex*port`a*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality or state of being suitable for exportation.
To increase the exportability of native goods.
J. P. Peters.
Ex*port"a*ble (?), a. Suitable
for exportation; as, exportable products.
Ex`por*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
exportatio: cf. F. exporation.]
1. The act of exporting; the act of conveying or
sending commodities abroad or to another country, in the course
of commerce.
2. Commodity exported; an export.
3. The act of carrying out. [R.]
Bourne.
Ex*port"er (?), n. One who
exports; the person who sends goods or commodities to a foreign
country, in the way of commerce; -- opposed to
importer.
Ex*pos"al (?), n.
Exposure.
Swift.
Ex*pose" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exposed(?);
p. pr. & vb. n. Exposing.]
[F. exposer; pref. ex- (L.
ex out)+poser to place. See Pose,
v. t.] 1. To set forth; to set out
to public view; to exhibit; to show; to display; as, to
expose goods for sale; to expose pictures to
public inspection.
Those who seek truth only, freely expose their
principles to the test, and are pleased to have them
examined.
Locke.
2. To lay bare; to lay open to attack, danger, or
anything objectionable; to render accessible to anything which
may affect, especially detrimentally; to make liable; as, to
expose one's self to the heat of the sun, or to cold,
insult, danger, or ridicule; to expose an army to
destruction or defeat.
Expose thyself to feel what wretches feel.
Shak.
3. To deprive of concealment; to discover; to lay
open to public inspection, or bring to public notice, as a thing
that shuns publicity, something criminal, shameful, or the like;
as, to expose the faults of a neighbor.
You only expose the follies of men, without
arraigning their vices.
Dryden.
4. To disclose the faults or reprehensible
practices of; to lay open to general condemnation or contempt by
making public the character or arts of; as, to
expose a cheat, liar, or hypocrite.
\'d8Ex`po`s\'82" (?), n. [F.,
prop.p.p. of exposer. See Expose, v.
t.] A formal recital or exposition of facts;
exposure, or revelation, of something which some one wished to
keep concealed.
Ex*pos"ed*ness (?), n. The
state of being exposed, laid open, or unprotected; as, an
exposedness to sin or temptation.
Ex*pos"er (?), n. One who
exposes or discloses.
Ex`po*si"tion (?), n. [L.
expositio, fr. exponere,
expositum: cf. F. exposition. See
Expound.]
1. The act of exposing or laying open; a setting
out or displaying to public view.
2. The act of expounding or of laying open the
sense or meaning of an author, or a passage; explanation;
interpretation; the sense put upon a passage; a law, or the like,
by an interpreter; hence, a work containing explanations or
interpretations; a commentary.
You know the law; your exposition
Hath been most sound.
Shak.
3. Situation or position with reference to
direction of view or accessibility to influence of sun, wind,
etc.; exposure; as, an easterly exposition; an
exposition to the sun. [Obs.]
Arbuthnot.
4. A public exhibition or show, as of industrial
and artistic productions; as, the Paris Exposition
of 1878. [A Gallicism]
Ex*pos"i*tive (?), a. Serving
to explain; expository.
Bp. Pearson.
Ex*pos"i*tor (?), n. [L. See
Expound.] One who, or that which, expounds or
explains; an expounder; a commentator.
Bp. Horsley.
Ex*pos"i*to*ry (?), a.
Pertaining to, or containing, exposition; serving to
explain; explanatory; illustrative; exegetical.
A glossary or expository index to the poetical
writers.
Johnson.
{ \'d8Ex"post` fac"to, \'d8Ex"post`fac"to (?) }. [L., from
what is done afterwards.] (Law) From or by
an after act, or thing done afterward; in consequence of a
subsequent act; retrospective.
Ex post facto law, a law which operates by
after enactment. The phrase is popularly applied to any law,
civil or criminal, which is enacted with a retrospective effect,
and with intention to produce that effect; but in its true
application, as employed in American law, it relates only to
crimes, and signifies a law which retroacts, by way of criminal
punishment, upon that which was not a crime before its passage,
or which raises the grade of an offense, or renders an act
punishable in a more severe manner that it was when committed.
Ex post facto laws are held to be contrary to the
fundamental principles of a free government, and the States are
prohibited from passing such laws by the Constitution of the
United States.
Burrill. Kent.
Ex*pos"tu*late (?; 135), v. i.
[imp. & p. p.
Expostulated(?);p. pr. & vb. n.
Expostulating.] [L.
expostulatus, p.p. of expostulare to demand
vehemently; ex out + postulare to ask,
require. See Postulate.] To reason earnestly
with a person on some impropriety of his conduct, representing
the wrong he has done or intends, and urging him to make redress
or to desist; to remonstrate; -- followed by
with.
Men expostulate with erring friends; they bring
accusations against enemies who have done them a wrong.
Jowett (Thuc. ).
Syn. -- To remonstrate; reason. See
Remonstrate.
Ex*pos"tu*late, v. t. To discuss; to
examine. [Obs.]
To expostulate
What majesty should be, what duty is.
Shak.
Ex*pos`tu*la"tion (?), n. [L.
expostulatio.] The act of expostulating or
reasoning with a person in opposition to some impropriety of
conduct; remonstrance; earnest and kindly protest;
dissuasion.
We must use expostulation kindly.
Shak.
Ex*pos"tu*la`tor (?;135), n.
One who expostulates.
Lamb.
Ex*pos"tu*la*to*ry (?), a.
Containing expostulation or remonstrance; as, an
expostulatory discourse or letter.
Ex*pos"ture (?;135), n. [Cf.
Imposture.] Exposure.
[Obs.]
Shak.
Ex*po"sure (?;135), n. [From
Expose.] 1. The act of exposing or
laying open, setting forth, laying bare of protection, depriving
of care or concealment, or setting out to reprobation or
contempt.
The exposure of Fuller . . . put an end to the
practices of that vile tribe.
Macaulay.
2. The state of being exposed or laid open or bare;
openness to danger; accessibility to anything that may affect,
especially detrimentally; as, exposure to
observation, to cold to inconvenience.
When we have our naked frailties hid,
That suffer in exposure.
Shak.
3. Position as to points of compass, or to
influences of climate, etc. \'bdUnder a southern
exposure.
Evelyn.
The best exposure of the two for woodcocks.
Sir. W. Scott.
4. (Photog.) The exposing of a
sensitized plate to the action of light.
Ex*pound" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Expounded; p.
pr. & vb. n. Expounding.] [OE.
exponen, expounen, expounden,
fr. L. exponere to set out, expose, expound;
ex out + ponere to put: cf. OE.
expondre, expondre. See
Position.] 1. To lay open; to expose
to view; to examine. [Obs.]
He expounded both his pockets.
Hudibras.
2. To lay open the meaning of; to explain; to clear
of obscurity; to interpret; as, to expound a text of
Scripture, a law, a word, a meaning, or a riddle.
Expound this matter more fully to me.
Bunyan.
Ex*pound"er (?), n. One who
expounds or explains; an interpreter.
Ex*press" (?), a. [F.
expr\'8as, L. expressus, p.p. of
exprimere to express; ex. out +
premere To press. See Press.]
1. Exactly representing; exact.
Their human countenance
The express resemblance of the gods.
Milton.
2. Directly and distinctly stated; declared in
terms; not implied or left to inference; made unambiguous by
intention and care; clear; not dubious; as, express
consent; an express statement.
I have express commandment.
Shak.
3. Intended for a particular purpose; relating to
an express; sent on a particular errand; dispatched with special
speed; as, an express messenger or train. Also
used adverbially.
A messenger sent express from the other world.
Atterbury.
Express color. (Law) See the Note
under Color, n., 8.
Syn. -- Explicit; clear; unambiguous. See
Explicit.
Ex*press", n. [Cf. F.
expr\'8as a messenger.] 1. A clear
image or representation; an expression; a plain
declaration. [Obs.]
The only remanent express of Christ's sacrifice on
earth.
Jer. Taylor.
2. A messenger sent on a special errand; a courier;
hence, a regular and fast conveyance; commonly, a company or
system for the prompt and safe transportation of merchandise or
parcels; also, a railway train for transporting passengers or
goods with speed and punctuality.
3. An express office.
She charged him . . . to ask at the express if
anything came up from town.
E. E. Hale.
4. That which is sent by an express messenger or
message. [Obs.]
Eikon Basilike.
Express office, an office where packages for
an express are received or delivered.
Ex*press", v. t. [imp. & p.
p. Expressed(?); p. pr. & vb.
n. Expressing.] [Cf. OF.
espresser, expresser, L.
exprimere, expressum. See
Express,a.; cf. Sprain.]
1. To press or squeeze out; as, to
express the juice of grapes, or of apples; hence,
to extort; to elicit.
All the fruits out of which drink is expressed.
Bacon.
And th'idle breath all utterly expressed.
Spenser.
Halters and racks can not express from thee
More than by deeds.
B. Jonson.
2. To make or offer a representation of; to show by
a copy or likeness; to represent; to resemble.
Each skillful artist shall express thy form.
E. Smith.
So kids and whelps their sires and dams
express.
Dryden.
3. To give a true impression of; to represent and
make known; to manifest plainly; to show in general; to exhibit,
as an opinion or feeling, by a look, gesture, and esp. by
language; to declare; to utter; to tell.
My words express my purpose.
Shak.
They expressed in their lives those excellent
doctrines of morality.
Addison.
4. To make known the opinions or feelings of; to
declare what is in the mind of; to show (one's self); to cause to
appear; -- used reflexively.
Mr. Phillips did express with much indignation
against me, one evening.
Pope.
5. To denote; to designate.
Moses and Aaron took these men, which are expressed
by their names.
Num. i. 17.
6. To send by express messenger; to forward by special
opportunity, or through the medium of an express; as, to
express a package.
Syn. -- To declare; utter; signify; testify; intimate.
Ex*press"age (?;48), n. The
charge for carrying a parcel by express.
Ex*press"i*ble (?), a. Capable
of being expressed, squeezed out, shown, represented, or
uttered. --
Express"i*bly,adv.
Ex*pres"sion (?), n. [L.
expressio. cf. F. expression.]
1. The act of expressing; the act of forcing out by
pressure; as, the expression of juices or oils;
also, of extorting or eliciting; as, a forcible
expression of truth.
2. The act of declaring or signifying; declaration;
utterance; as, an expression of the public
will.
With this tone of philosophy were mingled
expressions of sympathy.
Prescott.
3. Lively or vivid representation of meaning,
sentiment, or feeling, etc.; significant and impressive
indication, whether by language, appearance, or gesture; that
manner or style which gives life and suggestive force to ideas
and sentiments; as, he reads with expression; her
performance on the piano has expression.
The imitators of Shakespeare, fixing their attention on his
wonderful power of expression, have directed their
imitation to this.
M. Arnold.
4. That which is expressed by a countenance, a
posture, a work of art, etc.; look, as indicative of thought or
feeling. \'bdThe expression of an eye.\'b8
Tennyson.
It still wore the majesty of expression so
conspicuous in his portraits by the inimitable pencil of
Titian.
Prescott.
5. A form of words in which an idea or sentiment is
conveyed; a mode of speech; a phrase; as, a common
expression; an odd expression.
6. (Math.) The representation of any
quantity by its appropriate characters or signs.
Past expression, Beyond
expression, beyond the power of description.
\'bdBeyond expression bright.\'b8
Milton.
Ex*pres"sion*al (?), a. Of, or
relating to, expression; phraseological; also, vividly
representing or suggesting an idea sentiment.
Fized. Hall. Ruskin.
Ex*pres"sion*less, a. Destitute of
expression.
Ex*press"ive (?), a. [Cf. F.
expressif.] 1. Serving to express,
utter, or represent; indicative; communicative; -- followed by
of; as, words expressive of his
gratitude.
Each verse so swells expressive of her woes.
Tickell.
2. Full of expression; vividly representing the
meaning or feeling meant to be conveyed; significant; emphatic;
as, expressive looks or words.
You have restrained yourself within the list of too cold an
adieu; be more expressive to them.
Shak.
Through her expressive eyes her soul distinctly
spoke.
Littelton.
-- Ex*press"ive*ly,adv. --
Ex*press"ive*ness,n.
Ex*press"ly, adv. In an express manner;
in direct terms; with distinct purpose; particularly; as, a
book written expressly for the young.
The word of the Lord came expressly unto Ezekiel.
Ezek. i. 3.
I am sent expressly to your lordship.
Shak.
Ex*press"man (?), n.; pl.
Expressmen (/). A person
employed in the express business; also, the driver of a job
wagon.
W. D. Howells.
Ex*press"ness, n. The state or quality
of being express; definiteness. [Obs.]
Hammond.
Ex*pres"sure (?;135), n. The
act of expressing; expression; utterance; representation.
[Obs.]
An operation more divine
Than breath or pen can give expressure to.
Shak.
Ex"pro*brate (?), v. t. [L.
exprobratus, p.p. of exprobrare;
ex out + probrum a shameful or disgraceful
act.] To charge upon with reproach; to upbraid.
[R.]
Sir T. Browne.
Ex`pro*bra"tion (?), n. [L.
exprobration: cf. F. exprobration.]
Reproachful accusation; upbraiding.
[Obs.]
A fearful exprobration of our unworthiness.
Jer. Taylor.
{ Ex*pro"bra*tive (?),
Ex*pro"bra*to*ry (?), } a.
Expressing reproach; upbraiding; reproachful.
[R.]
Sir A. Shirley.
Ex*pro"pri*ate (?), v. t. [L.
ex out, from + proprius one's own: cf. F.
exproprier.] To put out of one's
possession; to surrender the ownership of; also, to deprive of
possession or proprietary rights.
Boyle.
Expropriate these [bad landlords] as the monks were
expropriated by Act of Parliament.
M. Arnold.
Ex*pro`pri*a"tion, n. [Cf. F.
expropriation.] The act of expropriating;
the surrender of a claim to exclusive property; the act of
depriving of ownership or proprietary rights.
W. Montagu.
The expropriation of bad landlords.
M. Arnold.
Ex*pugn" (?), v. t. [L.
expugnare; ex out + pugnare to
fight, pugna fight. Cf. Impugn.]
To take by assault; to storm; to overcome; to vanquish;
as, to expugn cities; to expugn a person by
arguments.
Ex*pug"nable (?), a. [L.
Expugnabilis.] Capable of being
expugnded.
Ex`pug*na"tion (?), n. [L.
expugnatio.] The act of taking by assault;
conquest. [R.]
Sandys.
Ex*pugn"er (?), n. One who
expugns.
Ex*pulse" (?), v. t. [F.
expulser or L. expulsare, intens. fr.
expellere. See Expel.] To drive
out; to expel. [Obs.]
If charity be thus excluded and expulsed.
Milton.
Ex*puls"er (?), n. An
expeller. [Obs.]
Cotgrave.
Ex*pul"sion (?), n. [L.
expulsio, fr. expellere: cf. F.
expulsion. See Expel.] 1.
The act of expelling; a driving or forcing out; summary
removal from membership, association, etc.
The expulsion of the Tarquins.
Shak.
2. The state of being expelled or driven out.
Ex*pul"sive (?), a. [Cf. F.
expulsif.] Having the power of driving out
or away; serving to expel.
The expulsive power of a new affection.
Chalmers.
Ex*punc"tion (?), n. [L.
expunctio execution, performance, from
expungere. See Expunge.] The act
of expunging or erasing; the condition of being expunged.
Milton.
Ex*punge" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p.
Expunged(?);p. pr. & vb. n.
Expunging(?).] [L.
expungere, expunctum, prick out, expunge,
settle an account, execute; ex out +
pungere to prick, puncture. See
Pungent.] 1. To blot out, as with
pen; to rub out; to efface designedly; to obliterate; to strike
out wholly; as, to expunge words, lines, or
sentences.
2. To strike out; to wipe out or destroy; to
annihilate; as, to expugne an offense.
Sandys.
Expugne the whole, or lop th' excrescent parts.
Pope.
Syn. -- To efface; erase; obliterate; strike out; destroy;
annihilate; cancel.
Ex"pur*gate (?; 277), v. t.
[imp. & p. p.
Expurgated(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Expurgating(?).] [L.
expurgatus, p.p. of expurgare to purge,
purify; ex out, from + purgare to cleanse,
purify, purge. See Purge, and cf.
Spurge.] To purify; to clear from anything
noxious, offensive, or erroneous; to cleanse; to purge; as,
to expurgate a book.
Ex`pur*ga"tion (?), n. [L.
expurgatio justification, excuse: cf. F.
expurgation.] The act of expurgating,
purging, or cleansing; purification from anything noxious,
offensive, sinful, or erroneous.
Milton.
Ex"pur*ga`tor (?; 277), n. One
who expurgates or purifies.
Ex*pur`ga*to"ri*al (?), a.
Tending or serving to expurgate; expurgatory.
Milman.
Ex*pur`ga*to"ri*ous (?), a.
Expurgatory. [Obs.]
\'bdExpurgatorious indexes.\'b8
Milton.
Ex*pur"ga*to*ry (?), a. [Cf. F.
expurgatoire.] Serving to purify from
anything noxious or erroneous; cleansing; purifying.
\'bdExpurgatory animadversions.\'b8
Sir T. Browne.
Expurgatory Index. See Index
Expurgatorius, under Index.
Ex*purge" (?), v. t. [Cf. OF.
espurgier. See Expurgate.] To
purge away. [Obs.]
Milton.
Ex*quire" (?), v. t. [L.
exquirere. See Exquisite.] To
search into or out. [Obs.]
Chapman.
Ex"qui*site (?), a. [L.
exquisitus, p.p. of exquirere to search
out; ex out + quarere to seek, search. See
Quest.] 1. Carefully selected or
sought out; hence, of distinguishing and surpassing quality;
exceedingly nice; delightfully excellent; giving rare
satisfaction; as, exquisite workmanship.
Plate of rare device, and jewels
Of reach and exquisite form.
Shak.
I have no exquisite reason for 't, but I have
reason good enough.
Shak.
2. Exceeding; extreme; keen; -- used in a bad or a
good sense; as, exquisite pain or
pleasure.
3. Of delicate perception or close and accurate
discrimination; not easy to satisfy; exact; nice; fastidious;
as, exquisite judgment, taste, or
discernment.
His books of Oriental languages, wherein he was
exquisite.
Fuller.
Syn. -- Nice; delicate; exact; refined; choice; rare;
matchless; consummate; perfect.
Ex"qui*site, n. One who manifests an
exquisite attention to external appearance; one who is overnice
in dress or ornament; a fop; a dandy.
Ex"qui*site*ly, adv. In an exquisite
manner or degree; as, lace exquisitely
wrought.
To a sensitive observer there was something
exquisitely painful in it.
Hawthorne.
Ex"qui*site*ness, n. Quality of being
exquisite.
Ex*quis"i*tive (?), a. Eager to
discover or learn; curious. [Obs.]
Todd. -- Ex*quis"i*tive*ly,
adv. [Obs.]
Sir P. Sidney.
Ex*san"guine (?), a.
Bloodless. [R.]
Ex`san*guin"e*ous (?), a.
Destitute of blood; an\'91mic; exsanguious.
Ex`san*guin"i*ty (?), n.
(Med.) Privation or destitution of blood; --
opposed to plethora.
Dunglison.
Ex*san"gui*nous (?), a. See
Exsanguious.
Ex*san"gui*ous (?), a. [L.
exsanguis; ex out + sanguis,
sanguinis, blood. Cf. Exsanguineous.]
1. Destitute of blood.
Sir T. Browne.
2. (Zo\'94l.) Destitute of true, or red,
blood, as insects.
Ex*scind" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exscinded; p.
pr. & vb. n. Exscinding.] [L.
exscindere; ex out, from +
scindere to cut.] To cut off; to separate
or expel from union; to extirpate.
Barrow.
The second presbytery of Philadelphia was also
exscinded by that Assembly.
Am. Cyc.
Ex*scribe" (?), v. t. [L.
excribere; ex out, from +
scribere to write.] To copy; to
transcribe. [Obs.]
B. Jonson.
Ex"script (?), n. [L.
exscriptus, p.p. of exscribere.]
A copy; a transcript. [Obs.]
Bailey.
Ex*scrip"tur*al (?; 135), a.
[Pref. ex-+scriptural.] Not in
accordance with the doctrines of Scripture; unscriptural.
Ex*scu"tel*late (?), a. [Pref.
ex- + scutellate.]
(Zo\'94l.) Without, or apparently without, a
scutellum; -- said of certain insects.
Ex*sect" (?), v. t. [L.
exsectio.] 1. A cutting out or
away.
E. Darwin.
2. (Surg.) The removal by operation of a
portion of a limb; particularly, the removal of a portion of a
bone in the vicinity of a joint; the act or process of cutting
out.
{ Ex*sert" (?), Ex*sert"ed,
} a. [L. exsertus, p.p. of
exserere to stretch out or forth. See
Exert.] Standing out; projecting beyond some
other part; as, exsert stamens.
A small portion of the basal edge of the shell
exserted.
D. H. Barnes.
Ex*sert"ile (?), a.
(Biol.) Capable of being thrust out or
protruded.
J. Fleming.
Ex*sic"cant (?), a. [L.
exsiccans, p.pr. of exsiccare. See
Exsiccate.] Having the quality of drying up;
causing a drying up. -- n.
(Med.) An exsiccant medicine.
Ex"sic*cate (?; 277), v. t.
[imp. & p. p.
Exsiccated(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Exsiccating.] [L.
exsiccatus, p.p. of exsiccare to dry up;
ex out + siccare to make dry,
siccus dry.] To exhaust or evaporate
moisture from; to dry up.
Sir T. Browne.
Ex`sic*ca"tion (?), n. [L.
exsiccatio: cf. F. exsiccation.]
The act of operation of drying; evaporation or expulsion of
moisture; state of being dried up; dryness.
Sir T. Browne.
Ex*sic"ca*tive (?), a. Tending
to make dry; having the power of drying.
Ex"sic*ca`tor (?), n.
(Chem.) An apparatus for drying substances or
preserving them from moisture; a desiccator; also, less
frequently, an agent employed to absorb moisture, as calcium
chloride, or concentrated sulphuric acid.
Ex*sil"i*en*cy (?; 106), n. [L.
exsiliens leaping out, p.pr. of exsilire;
ex out + salire to leap.] A
leaping out. [R.]
Latham.
Ex`so*lu"tion (?), n. [L.
exsolutio a release.] Relaxation.
[R.]
Richardson (Dict. ).
Ex*spo`li*a"tion (?), n. [L.
exspoliatio, fr. exspoliare to spoil, to
plunder; ex out, from + spoliare. See
Spoliate.] Spoliation. [Obs. or
R.]
Bp. Hall.
Ex`spu*i"tion (?), n. [L.
exspuitio; ex out + spuere to
spit: cf. F. exspuition.] A discharge of
saliva by spitting. [R.]
E. Darwin.
Ex*spu"to*ry (?), a. Spit out,
or as if spit out. \'bdExsputory lines.\'b8
Cowper.
Ex*stip"u*late (?), a. [Pref.
ex- + stipulate.] (Bot.)
Having no stipules.
Martyn.
Ex"stro*phy (?), n. [Gr. / to
turn inside out; / = / out + / to turn.]
(Med.) The eversion or turning out of any organ,
or of its inner surface; as, exstrophy of the eyelid
or of the bladder.
Ex*suc"cous (?), a. [L.
exsuccus; ex out + succus
juice.] Destitute of juice; dry; sapless.
Latham.
Ex*suc"tion (?), n. [L.
exsugere, exsuctum, to suck out;
ex out + sugere to suck: cf. F.
exsuccion.] The act of sucking out.
Ex`su*da"tion (?), n.
Exudation.
Ex`suf*flate" (?), v. t. [L.
exsufflare to blow at or upon; ex out +
sufflare. See Sufflate.]
(Eccles.) To exorcise or renounce by
blowing.
Ex`suf*fla"tion (?), n. [Cf.
LL. exsufflatio.] 1. A blast from
beneath. [Obs.]
Bacon.
2. (Eccles.) A kind of exorcism by
blowing with the breath.
Jer. Taylor.
3. (Physiol.) A strongly forced
expiration of air from the lungs.
Ex*suf"fli*cate (?), a. Empty;
frivolous. [A Shakespearean word only once
used.]
Such exsufflicate and blown surmises.
Shak. (Oth. iii. 3, 182).
Ex*sus"ci*tate (?), v. t. [L.
exsuscitatus, p.p. of exsuscitare;
ex out + suscitare. See
Suscitate.] To rouse; to excite.
[Obs.]
Johnson.
Ex*sus`ci*ta"tion (?), n. [L.
exsuscitatio.] A stirring up; a
rousing. [Obs.]
Hallywell.
Ex"ta*cy (?), n. See
Ecstasy. [Obs.]
Ex"tance (?), n. [L.
extantia, exstantia, a standing out, fr.
exstans, p.pr. See Extant.]
Outward existence. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Ex"tan*cy (?), n. [L.
extantia, exstantia.] The state
of rising above others; a projection.
Evelyn. Boyle.
Ex"tant (?), a. [L.
extans, -antis, or exstans,
-antis, p.pr. of extare,
exstare, to stand out or forth; ex out +
stare to stand: cf. F. extant.
See Stand.]
1. Standing out or above any surface;
protruded.
That part of the teeth which is extant above the
gums.
Ray.
A body partly immersed in a fluid and partly
extant.
Bentley.
2. Still existing; not destroyed or lost;
outstanding.
Writings that were extant at that time.
Sir M. Hale.
The extant portraits of this great man.
I. Taylor.
3. Publicly known; conspicuous.
[Obs.]
B. Jonson.
Ex"ta*sy (?), n. & v. t. See
Ecstasy, n. & v. t.
Ex*tat"ic (?), a. See
Ecstatic, a.
Ex*tem"po*ral (?), a. [L.
extemporalis, from ex tempore.]
Extemporaneous; unpremeditated. [Obs.]
B. Jonson.
-- Ex*tem"po*ral*ly, adv.
[Obs.]
Ex*tem`po*ra"ne*an (?), a.
Extemporaneous. [Obs]
Burton.
Ex*tem`po*ra"ne*ous (?), a.
[See Extempore.] Composed, performed, or
uttered on the spur of the moment, or without previous study;
unpremeditated; off-hand; extempore; extemporary; as, an
extemporaneous address or production. --
Ex*tem`po*ra"ne*ous*ly, adv. --
Ex*tem`po*ra"ne*ous*ness,n.
Ex*tem"po*ra*ri*ly (?), adv.
Extemporaneously.
Ex*tem"po*ra*ry (?), a. 1.
Extemporaneous. \'bdIn extemporary
prayer.\'b8
Fuller.
2. Made for the occasion; for the time being.
[Obs.] \'bdExtemporary habitations.\'b8
Maundrell.
Ex*tem"po*re (?), adv. [L.
ex out + tempus, temporis, time.
See Temporal.] Without previous study or
meditation; without preparation; on the spur of the moment;
suddenly; extemporaneously; as, to write or speak
extempore. Shak.
--
a. Done or performed extempore.
\'bdExtempore dissertation.\'b8 Addison.
\'bdExtempore poetry.\'b8 Dryden.
-- n. Speaking or writing done
extempore. [Obs.] Bp. Fell.
Ex*tem"po*ri*ness (?), n. The
quality of being done or devised extempore
[Obs.]
Johnson.
Ex*tem`po*ri*za"tion (?), n.
The act of extemporizing; the act of doing anything
extempore.
Ex*tem"po*rize (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p.
Extemporized(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Extemporizing(?).] To speak
extempore; especially, to discourse without special preparation;
to make an offhand address.
Ex*tem"po*rize, v. t. To do, make, or
utter extempore or off-hand; to prepare in great haste, under
urgent necessity, or with scanty or unsuitable materials; as,
to extemporize a dinner, a costume, etc.
Themistocles . . . was of all men the best able to
extemporize the right thing to be done.
Jowett (Thucyd. ).
Pitt, of whom it was said that he could extemporize
a Queen's speech
Lord Campbell.
Ex*tem"po*ri`zer (?), n. One
who extemporizes.
Ex*tend" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Extended; p.
pr. & vb. n. Extending.] [L.
extendere, extentum, extensum;
ex out + tendere to stretch. See
Trend.] 1. To stretch out; to
prolong in space; to carry forward or continue in length; as,
to extend a line in surveying; to extend a cord
across the street.
Few extend their thoughts toward universal
knowledge'.
Locke.
2. To enlarge, as a surface or volume; to expand;
to spread; to amplify; as, to extend metal plates by
hammering or rolling them.
3. To enlarge; to widen; to carry out further;
as, to extend the capacities, the sphere of
usefulness, or commerce; to extend power or
influence; to continue, as time; to lengthen; to prolong;
as, to extend the time of payment or a season of
trail.
4. To hold out or reach forth, as the arm or
hand.
His helpless hand extend.
Dryden.
5. To bestow; to offer; to impart; to apply;
as, to extend sympathy to the suffering.
6. To increase in quantity by weakening or
adulterating additions; as, to extend
liquors.
G. P. Burnham.
7. (Eng. Law) To value, as lands taken
by a writ of extent in satisfaction of a debt; to assign by writ
of extent.
Extended letter (Typog.), a letter,
or style of type, having a broader face than is usual for a
letter or type of the same height.
This is extended
type.
Syn. -- To increase; enlarge; expand; widen; diffuse. See
Increase.
Ex*tend"ant (?), a.
(Her.) Displaced.
Ogilvie.
Ex*tend"ed*ly (?), adv. In an
extended manner.
Ex*tend"er (?), n. One who, or
that which, extends or stretches anything.
Ex*tend"i*ble (?), a. 1.
Capable of being extended, susceptible of being stretched,
extended, enlarged, widened, or expanded.
2. (Law) Liable to be taken by a writ of
extent.
Ex*tend"less*ness, n. Unlimited
extension. [Obs.]
An . . . extendlessness of excursions.
Sir. M. Hale.
Ex*tense" (?), a. [L.
extensus, p.p. See Extend, v.
t.] Outreaching; expansive; extended,
superficially or otherwise.
Men and gods are too extense;
Could you slacken and condense?
Emerson.
Ex*ten`si*bil"i*ty (?), n. The
quality of being extensible; the capacity of being extended;
as, the extensibility of a fiber, or of a plate of
metal.
Ex*ten"si*ble (?), a. [Cf. F.
extensible. See Extend.] Capable
of being extended, whether in length or breadth; susceptible of
enlargement; extensible; extendible; -- the opposite of
contractible or compressible. \'bdAn
extensible membrane\'b8
Holder.
Ex*ten"si*ble*ness, n.
Extensibility.
Ex*ten"sile (?) a. Suited for,
or capable of, extension; extensible.
Owen.
Ex*ten"sion (?), n. [L.
extensio: cf. F. extension. See
Extend, v. t.] 1. The act
of extending or the state of being extended; a stretching out;
enlargement in breadth or continuation of length; increase;
augmentation; expansion.
2. (Physics) That property of a body by
which it occupies a portion of space.
3. (Logic & Metaph.) Capacity of a
concept or general term to include a greater or smaller number of
objects; -- correlative of intension.
The law is that the intension of our knowledge is in the
inverse ratio of its extension.
Sir W. Hamilton.
The extension of [the term] plant is greater than
that of geranium, because it includes more objects.
Abp. Thomson.
4. (Surg.) The operation of stretching a
broken bone so as to bring the fragments into the same straight
line.
5. (Physiol.) The straightening of a
limb, in distinction from flexion.
6. (Com.) A written engagement on the
part of a creditor, allowing a debtor further time to pay a
debt.
Counter extension. (Surg.) See
under Counter. -- Extension table, a
table so constructed as to be readily extended or contracted in
length.
Ex*ten"sion*al (?), a. Having
great extent.
Ex*ten"sion*ist, n. One who favors or
advocates extension.
Ex*ten"sive (?), a. [L.
extensivus: cf. F. extensif. See
Extend.] 1. Having wide extent; of
much superficial extent; expanded; large; broad; wide;
comprehensive; as, an extensive farm; an
extensive lake; an extensive sphere of
operations; extensive benevolence; extensive
greatness.
2. Capable of being extended.
[Obs.]
Silver beaters choose the finest coin, as that which is most
extensive under the hammer.
Boyle.
Ex*ten"sive*ly, adv. To a great extent;
widely; largely; as, a story is extensively
circulated.
Ex*ten"sive*ness (?), n. The
state of being extensive; wideness; largeness; extent;
diffusiveness.
Ex`ten*som"e*ter (?), n.
[Extension + -meter.] An
instrument for measuring the extension of a body, especially for
measuring the elongation of bars of iron, steel, or other
material, when subjected to a tensile force.
Ex*ten"sor (?), n. [L., one who
stretches. See Extend.] (Anat.) A
muscle which serves to extend or straighten any part of the body,
as an arm or a finger; -- opposed to flexor.
Ex*ten"sure (?), n.
Extension. [R.]
Drayton.
Ex*tent" (?), a. [L.
extentus, p. p. of extendere. See
Extend.] Extended. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Ex*tent", n. [L. extentus,
fr. extendere. See Extend.] 1.
Space or degree to which a thing is extended; hence,
superficies; compass; bulk; size; length; as, an
extent of country or of line; extent of
information or of charity.
Life in its large extent is scare a span.
Cotton.
2. Degree; measure; proportion. \'bdThe
extent to which we can make ourselves what we wish to
be.\'b8
Lubbock.
3. (Eng. Law) (a) A peculiar
species of execution upon debts due to the crown, under which the
lands and goods of the debtor may be seized to secure
payment. (b) A process of execution by which
the lands and goods of a debtor are valued and delivered to the
creditor.
Ex*ten"u*ate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p.
Extenuated(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Extenuating(?).] [L.
extenuatus, p. p. of extenuare to make
thin, loosen, weaken; ex out + tenuare to
make thin, tenuis thin. See Tenuity.]
1. To make thin or slender; to draw out so as to
lessen the thickness.
His body behind the head becomes broad, from whence it is
again extenuated all the way to the tail.
Grew.
2. To lessen; to palliate; to lessen or weaken the
force of; to diminish the conception of, as crime, guilt, faults,
ills, accusations, etc.; -- opposed to
aggravate.
But fortune there extenuates the crime.
Dryden.
Let us extenuate, conceal, adorn the unpleasing
reality.
I. Taylor.
3. To lower or degrade; to detract from.
[Obs.]
Who can extenuate thee?
Milton.
Syn. -- To palliate; to mitigate. See
Palliate.
Ex*ten"u*ate, v. i. To become thinner;
to make excuses; to advance palliating considerations.
Burke.
Ex*ten"u*ate (?), a. [L.
extenuatus, p. p.] Thin; slender.
[Obs.]
Huloet.
Ex*ten`u*a"tion (?), n. [L.
extenuatio: cf. F. ext\'82nuation.]
The act of axtenuating or the state of being extenuated; the
act of making thin, slender, or lean, or of palliating;
diminishing, or lessening; palliation, as of a crime; mitigation,
as of punishment.
To listen . . . to every extenuation of what is
evil.
I. Taylor.
Ex*ten"u*a`tor (?), n. One who
extenuates.
Ex*ten"u*a*to*ry (?), a. [Cf.
L. extenuatorius attenuating.] Tending to
extenuate or palliate.
Croker.
Ex*te"ri*or, a. [L. exterior,
compar. of exter or exterus on the outside,
outward, foreign, strange, a compar. fr. ex: cf. F.
ext\'82rieur. See Ex/, and cf.
Extreme, Interior.] 1.
External; outward; pertaining to that which is external; --
opposed to interior; as, the exterior
part of a sphere.
Sith nor the exterior nor the inward man
Resemble that it was.
Shak.
2. External; on the outside; without the limits of;
extrinsic; as, an object exterior to a man, opposed
to what is within, or in his mind.
Without exterior help sustained.
Milton.
3. Relating to foreign nations; foreign; as,
the exterior relations of a state or kingdom.
Exterior angle (Geom.), the angle
included between any side of a triangle or polygon and the
prolongation of the adjacent side; also, an angle included
between a line crossing two parallel lines and either of the
latter on the outside. -- Exterior side
(Fort.), the side of the polygon upon which a
front of fortification is formed.
Wilhelm.
See Illust. of Ravelin.
Ex*te"ri*or, n. 1. The outward
surface or part of a thing; that which is external;
outside.
2. Outward or external deportment, form, or
ceremony; visible act; as, the exteriors of
religion.
Ex*te`ri*or"i*ty (?), n. [Cf.
F. ext\'82riorit\'82.] Surface;
superficies; externality.
Ex*te"ri*or*ly (?), adv.
Outwardly; externally; on the exterior.
Shak.
They are exteriorly lifelike.
J. H. Morse.
Ex*ter"mi*nate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p.
Exterminated(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Exterminating(?).] [L.
exterminatus, p. p. of exterminare to
abolish, destroy, drive out or away; ex out +
terminus boundary, limit. See Term.]
1. To drive out or away; to expel.
They deposed, exterminated, and deprived him of
communion.
Barrow.
2. To destroy utterly; to cut off; to extirpate; to
annihilate; to root out; as, to exterminate a
colony, a tribe, or a nation; to exterminate error or
vice.
To explode and exterminate rank atheism.
Bentley.
3. (Math.) To eliminate, as unknown
quantities. [R.]
Ex*ter`mi*na"tion (?), n. [Cf.
F. extermination.] 1. The act of
exterminating; total destruction; eradication; excision; as,
the extermination of inhabitants or tribes, of error or
vice, or of weeds from a field.
2. (Math.) Elimination.
[R.]
Ex*ter"mi*na`tor (?), n.
[L.] One who, or that which, exterminates.
Buckle.
Ex*ter"mi*na*to*ry (?), a. Of
or pertaining to extermination; tending to exterminate.
\'bdExterminatory war.\'b8
Burke.
Ex*ter"mine (?), v. t. [F.
exterminer.] To exterminate; to
destroy. [Obs.]
Shak.
Ex*tern" (?), a. [Cf. F.
externe. See External.] External;
outward; not inherent. [Obs.]
Shak.
Ex*tern", n. [Cf. F.
externe.] 1. A pupil in a seminary
who lives without its walls; a day scholar.
2. Outward form or part; exterior.
[R.]
Ex*ter"nal (?), a. [L.
externus, fr. exter, exterus, on
the outside, outward. See Exterior.] 1.
Outward; exterior; relating to the outside, as of a body;
being without; acting from without; -- opposed to
internal; as, the external form or
surface of a body.
Of all external things, . . .
She [Fancy] forms imaginations, aery shapes.
Milton.
2. Outside of or separate from ourselves;
(Metaph.) separate from the perceiving mind.
3. Outwardly perceptible; visible; physical or
corporeal, as distinguished from mental or moral.
Her virtues graced with external gifts.
Shak.
4. Not intrinsic nor essential; accidental;
accompanying; superficial.
The external circumstances are greatly
different.
Trench.
5. Foreign; relating to or connected with foreign
nations; as, external trade or commerce; the
external relations of a state or kingdom.
6. (Anat.) Away from the mesial plane of
the body; lateral.
External angles. (Geom.) See under
Angle.
Ex*ter"nal, n. Something external or
without; outward part; that which makes a show, rather than that
which is intrinsic; visible form; -- usually in the plural.
Adam was then no less glorious in his externals
South.
God in externals could not place content.
Pope.
Ex*ter"nal*ism (?) n. 1.
The quality of being manifest to the senses; external acts
or appearances; regard for externals.
This externalism gave Catholicism a great advantage
on all sides.
E. Eggleston.
2. (Metaph.) That philosophy or doctrine
which recognizes or deals only with externals, or objects of
sense perception; positivism; phenomenalism.
Ex*ter`nal*is"tic (?), a.
Pertaining to externalism
North Am. Rev.
Ex`ter*nal"i*ty (?), n. State
of being external; exteriority; (Metaph.)
separation from the perceiving mind.
Pressure or resistance necessarily supposes
externality in the thing which presses or resists.
A. Smith.
Ex*ter"nal*ize (?), v. t. To
make external; to manifest by outward form.
Thought externalizes itself in language.
Soyce.
Ex*ter"nal*ly, adv. In an external
manner; outwardly; on the outside; in appearance; visibly.
\'d8Ex`terne" (?), n. [F. Cf.
Extern.] (med.) An officer in
attendance upon a hospital, but not residing in it; esp., one who
cares for the out-patients.
Ex`ter*ra"ne*ous (?), a. [L.
exterraneus; es out + terra
land.] Foreign; belonging to, or coming from,
abroad.
Ex*ter`ri*to"ri*al (?), a.
[Pref. ex/ + territorial.] Beyond
the territorial limits; foreign to, or exempt from, the
territorial jurisdiction. --
Ex*ter`ri*to"ri*al*ly(#),adv.<-- = extraterritorial -->
Ex*ter`ri*to`ri*al"i*ty (?), n.
1. The state of being beyond the limits of a
country.
2. The state of being free from the jurisdiction of
a country when within its territorial limits.
Ex*ter"sion (?), n. [L.
extergere, extersum, to wipe out;
ex out + tergere to wipe or rub off.]
The act of wiping or rubbing out. [Obs.]
Ex*till" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p.
Extilled(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Extilling.] [L. extillare,
exstillare; ex out + stillare to
drop, stilla drop.] To drop or
distill. [Obs.]
Johnson.
Ex`til*la"tion (?), n.
Distillation. [Obs.]
An exudation or extillation of petrifying
juices.
Derham.
Ex*tim"u*late (?), v. t. [L.
extimulatus, exstimulatus, p. p. of
extimulare, exstimulare, to goad. See
Stimulate.] To stimulate.
[Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Ex*tim`u*la"tion (?), n.
Stimulation. [Obs.]
Things insipid, and without any extimulation.
Bacon.
Ex*tinct" (?), a. [L.
extinctus, exstinctus, p. p. of
extinguere, exstinguere. See
Extinguish.] 1. Extinguished; put
out; quenched; as, a fire, a light, or a lamp, is
extinct; an extinct volcano.
Light, the prime work of God, to me is extinct.
Milton.
2. Without a survivor; without force; dead; as,
a family becomes extinct; an extinct feud or
law.
Ex*tinct", v. t. To cause to be
extinct. [Obs.]
Shak.
Ex*tinc"tion (?), n. [L.
extinctio, exstinction: cf. F.
extinction.] 1. The act of
extinguishing or making extinct; a putting an end to; the act of
putting out or destroying light, fire, life, activity, influence,
etc.
2. State of being extinguished or of ceasing to be;
destruction; suppression; as, the extinction of
life, of a family, of a quarrel, of claim.
Ex"tine (?; 104), n. [L.
exter on the outside. Cf. Intine.]
(bot.) The outer membrane of the grains of pollen
of flowering plants.
Ex*tin"guish (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p.
Extinguished(?); p pr. & vb. n.
Extinguishing.] [L.
extinguere, exstinguere; ex out
+ stinguere to quench. See Distinguish,
Finish.] 1. To quench; to put out,
as a light or fire; to stifle; to cause to die out; to put an end
to; to destroy; as, to extinguish a flame, or life,
or love, or hope, a pretense or a right.
A light which the fierce winds have no power to
extinguish.
Prescott.
This extinguishes my right to the reversion.
Blackstone.
2. To obscure; to eclipse, as by superior
splendor.
Natural graces that extinguish art.
Shak.
Ex*tin"guish*a*ble (?), a.
Capable of being quenched, destroyed, or suppressed.
Ex*tin"guish*er (?), n. One
who, or that which, extinguishes; esp., a hollow cone or other
device for extinguishing a flame, as of a torch or candle.
Ex*tin"guish*ment (?), n.
1. The act of extinguishing, putting out, or
quenching, or the state of being extinguished; extinction;
suppression; destruction; nullification; as, the
extinguishment of fire or flame, of discord, enmity, or
jealousy, or of love or affection.
2. (Law) The annihilation or extinction
of a right or obligation.
Abbott.
Ex*tirp" (/), v. t. [Cf. F.
extirper.] To extirpate.
[Obs.]
It is impossible to extirp it quite, friar.
Shak.
Ex*tir"pa*ble (?), a. Capable
of being extirpated or eradicated; as, an extirpable
plant.
Evelyn.
Ex"tir*pate (?; 277), v. t.
[imp. & p. p.
Extirpated(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Extirpating(?).] [L.
extirpatus, exstirpatus, p. p. of
extirpare, exstirpare; ex out +
strips stock, stem, root.] To pluck up by
the stem or root; to root out; to eradicate, literally or
figuratively; to destroy wholly; as, to extirpate
weeds; to extirpate a tumor; to extirpate a
sect; to extirpate error or heresy.
Syn. -- To eradicate; root out; destroy; exterminate;
annihilate; extinguish.
Ex`tir*pa"tion (?), n. [L.
extirpatio, exstirpatio: cf. F.
extirpation.] The act of extirpating or
rooting out, or the state of being extirpated; eradication;
excision; total destruction; as, the extirpation of
weeds from land, of evil from the heart, of a race of men, of
heresy.
Ex"tir*pa*tive (?), a. Capable
of rooting out, or tending to root out.
Cheyne.
Ex"tir*pa`tor (?; 277), n. [L.
extirpator, exstirpator: cf. F.
extirpateur.] One who extirpates or roots
out; a destroyer.
Ex*tir"pa*to*ry (?), a.
Extirpative.
Ex*tirp"er (?), n.
Extirpator. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Ex`ti*spi"cious (?), a. [L.
extispicium an inspection of the inwards for
divination; extra the entrails + specer to
look at.] Relating to the inspection of entrails for
prognostication. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Ex*tog"e*nous (?), a. [L.
exter outward + /genous.]
(Biol.) Exogenous.
Ex*tol" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p.
Extolled(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Extolling.] [L. extollere;
ex out + tollere to lift, take up, or
raise: cf. OF. extoller. See Tollerate, and
cf. Flate.] 1. To place on high; to
lift up; to elevate. [Obs.]
Who extolled you in the half-crown boxes,
Where you might sit and muster all the beauties.
Beau./ Fl.
2. To elevate by praise; to eulogize; to praise; to
magnify; as, to extol virtue; to extol an
act or a person.
Wherein have I so deserved of you,
That you extol me thus?
Shak.
Syn. -- To praise; applaud; commend; magnify; celebrate;
laud; glorify. See Praise.
Ex*tol"ler (?), n.One who
extols; one who praises.
Ex*tol"ment (?), n.
Praise. [Obs.]
Shak.
Ex*tor"sive (?), a. [See
Extort.] Serving or tending to extort.
[R.] Johnson. --
Ex*tor"sive*ly, adv.
[R.]
Ex*tort" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Extorted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Extorting.] [L.
extortus, p. p. of extorquere to twist or
wrench out, to extort; ex out + torquere to
turn about, twist. See Torsion.] 1.
To wrest from an unwilling person by physical force, menace,
duress, torture, or any undue or illegal exercise of power or
ingenuity; to wrench away (from); to tear away; to wring (from);
to exact; as, to extort contributions from the
vanquished; to extort confessions of guilt; to
extort a promise; to extort payment of a
debt.
2. (Law) To get by the offense of
extortion. See Extortion, 2.
Ex*tort", v. i. To practice
extortion. [Obs.]
Spenser.
Ex*tort", p. p. & a. [L.
extortus. p. p.] Extorted.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
Ex*tort"er (?), n. One who
practices extortion.
Ex*tor"tion (?), n. [F.
extorsion.] 1. The act of
extorting; the act or practice of wresting anything from a person
by force, by threats, or by any undue exercise of power; undue
exaction; overcharge.
2. (Law) The offense committed by an
officer who corruptly claims and takes, as his fee, money, or
other thing of value, that is not due, or more than is due, or
before it is due.
Abbott.
3. That which is extorted or exacted by
force.
Syn. -- Oppression; rapacity; exaction; overcharge.
Ex*tor"tion*a*ry (?), a.
Extortionate.
Ex*tor"tion*ate (?), a.
Characterized by extortion; oppressive; hard.
Ex*tor"tion*er (?), n, One who
practices extortion.
Ex*tor"tious (?), a.
Extortionate. [Obs.] \'bdExtortious
cruelties.\'b8 Bp. Hall --
Ex*tor"tious*ly, adv.
[Obs.]
Bacon.
\'d8Ex"tra- (?). [L., fr.
exter. See Exterior.] A Latin
preposition, denoting beyond, outside of;
-- often used in composition as a prefix signifying outside
of, beyond, besides, or in
addition to what is denoted by the word to which it is
prefixed.
Ex"tra, a. Beyond what is due, usual,
expected, or necessary; additional; supernumerary; also,
extraordinarily good; superior; as, extra work;
extra pay. \'bdBy working extra
hours.\'b8
H. Spencer.
Ex"tra (?), n.; pl.
Extras (/). Something in
addition to what is due, expected, or customary; something in
addition to the regular charge or compensation, or for which an
additional charge is made; as, at European hotels lights are
extras. [Colloq.]
Ex`tra*ar*tic"u*lar (?), a.
(Anat.) Situated outside of a joint.
{ Ex`tra*ax"il*lar (?),
Ex`tra*ax"il*la*ry (?) } a.
(Bot.) Growing outside of the axils; as, an
extra-axillary bud.
Ex`tra*bran"chi*al (?), a.
(Anat.) Outside of the branchial arches; -- said
of the cartilages thus placed in some fishes.
Ex`tra*cap"su*lar (?), a.
(Anat.) Situated outside of a capsule, esp.
outside the capsular ligament of a joint.
Ex*tract" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Extracted; p.
pr. & vb. n. Extracting.] [L.
extractus, p. p. of extrahere to extract;
ex out + trahere to draw. See
Trace, and cf. Estreat.] 1.
To draw out or forth; to pull out; to remove forcibly from a
fixed position, as by traction or suction, etc.; as, to
extract a tooth from its socket, a stump from the earth,
a splinter from the finger.
The bee
Sits on the bloom extracting liquid sweet.
Milton.
2. To withdraw by expression, distillation, or
other mechanical or chemical process; as, to extract
an essence. Cf. Abstract, v. t.,
6.
Sunbeams may be extracted from cucumbers, but the
process is tedious.
3. To take by selection; to choose out; to cite or
quote, as a passage from a book.
I have extracted out of that pamphlet a few
notorious falsehoods.
Swift.
To extract the root (Math.), to
ascertain the root of a number or quantity.
Ex"tract` (?), n. 1.
That which is extracted or drawn out.
2. A portion of a book or document, separately
transcribed; a citation; a quotation.
3. A decoction, solution, or infusion made by
drawing out from any substance that which gives it its essential
and characteristic virtue; essence; as, extract of
beef; extract of dandelion; also, any substance so
extracted, and characteristic of that from which it is obtained;
as, quinine is the most important extract of
Peruvian bark.
4. (Med.) A solid preparation obtained
by evaporating a solution of a drug, etc., or the fresh juice of
a plant; -- distinguished from an abstract. See
Abstract, n., 4.
5. (Old Chem.) A peculiar principle once
erroneously supposed to form the basis of all vegetable extracts;
-- called also the extractive principle.
[Obs.]
6. Extraction; descent. [Obs.]
South.
7. (Scots Law) A draught or copy of
writing; certified copy of the proceedings in an action and the
judgement therein, with an order for execution.
Tomlins.
Fluid extract (Med.), a
concentrated liquid preparation, containing a definite proportion
of the active principles of a medicinal substance. At present a
fluid gram of extract should represent a gram of the crude
drug.
{ Ex*tract"a*ble (?),
Ex*tract"i*ble (?), } a.
Capable of being extracted.
Ex*tract"i*form (?), a.
(Chem.) Having the form, appearance, or nature,
of an extract.
Ex*trac"tion (?), n. [Cf. F.
extraction.]
1. The act of extracting, or drawing out; as,
the extraction of a tooth, of a bone or an arrow from
the body, of a stump from earth, of a passage from a book, of an
essence or tincture.
2. Derivation from a stock or family; lineage;
descent; birth; the stock from which one has descended.
\'bdA family of ancient extraction.\'b8
Clarendon.
3. That which is extracted; extract; essence.
They [books] do preserve as in a vial the purest efficacy and
extraction of that living intellect that bred
them.
Milton.
The extraction of roots. (Math.)
(a) The operation of finding the root of a given
number or quantity. (b) The method or rule by
which the operation is performed; evolution.
Ex*tract"ive (?), a. [Cf. F.
extractif.]
1. Capable of being extracted. \'bdThirty
grains of extractive matter.\'b8
Kirwan.
2. Tending or serving to extract or draw out.
Certain branches of industry are conveniently designated
extractive: e.g., agriculture, pastoral and
mining pursuits, cutting of lumber, etc.
Cairnes.
Ex*tract"ive, n. 1. Anything
extracted; an extract.
Extractives, of which the most constant are urea,
kreatin, and grape sugar.
H. N. Martin.
2. (Chem.) (a) A chemical
principle once supposed to exist in all extracts.
[Obs.] (b) Any one of a large class of
substances obtained by extraction, and consisting largely of
nitrogenous hydrocarbons, such as xanthin, hypoxanthin, and
creatin extractives from muscle tissue.
Ex*tract"or (?), n. One who, or
that which, extracts; as: (a) (Surg.)
A forceps or instrument for extracting substances.
(b) (Breech-loading Firearms) A device
for withdrawing a cartridge or spent cartridge shell from the
chamber of the barrel.
Ex`tra*dic"tion*a*ry (?), a.
[Pref. extra/ + L. dictio a saying.
See Diction.] Consisting not in words, but in
realities. [Obs.]
Of these extradictionary and real fallacies,
Aristotle and logicians make in number six.
Sir T. Browne.
Ex"tra*di`ta*ble (?), a. 1.
Subject, or liable, to extradition, as a fugitive from
justice.
2. Making liable to extradition; as,
extraditable offenses.
Ex"tra*dite (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p.
Extradited(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Extraditing(?).] To deliver up
by one government to another, as a fugitive from justice. See
Extradition.
Ex`tra*di"tion (?), n. [L.
ex out + traditio a delivering up: cf. F.
extradition. See Tradition.] The
surrender or delivery of an alleged criminal by one State or
sovereignty to another having jurisdiction to try charge.
Ex*tra"dos (?), n. [F.; pref.
extra/ outside + dos (L.
dorsum) the back.] (Arch.) The
exterior curve of an arch; esp., the upper curved face of the
whole body of voussoirs. See Intrados.
Ex`tra*do"tal (?), a. [Pref.
extra/ + dotal.] Forming no part of the
dowry; as, extradotal property.
Ex`tra*fo`li*a"ceous (?), a.
[Pref. extra + foliaceous.]
(Bot.) Away from the leaves, or inserted in a
different place from them; as, extrafoliaceous
prickles.
Loudon.
Ex`tra*fo*ra"ne*ous (?), a.
[Pref. extra/ + L. foras out of
doors.] Pertaining to that which is out of
doors. \'bdExtr/foraneous occupations.\'b8
Cowper.
Ex`tra*ge"ne*ous (?), a. [Pref.
extra/ + L. genus race.]
Belonging to another race or kind.
Ex`tra*ju*di"cial (?), a. Out
of or beyond the proper authority of a court or judge; beyond
jurisdiction; not legally required. \'bdAn
extrajudicial opinion.\'b8 Hallam. --
Ex`tra*ju*di"cial*ly,
adv.
Ex`tra*lim"it*a*ry (?), a.
Being beyond the limit or bounds; as,
extraliminary land.
Mitford.
Ex`tra*log"ic*al (?), a. Lying
outside of the domain of logic. --
Ex`tra*log"ic*al*ly,
adv.
Ex`tra*mis"sion (?), n. A
sending out; emission. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Ex`tra*mun"dane (?), a. [L.
extramundanus; extra + mundus world.]
Beyond the material world. \'bdAn
extramundane being.\'b8
Bp. Warburton.
Ex`tra*mu"ral (?), a. Outside
of the walls, as of a fortified or walled city.
Ex`tra*ne"i*ty (?), n. State of
being without or beyond a thing; foreignness.
[Obs.]
Ex*tra"ne*ous (?), a. [L.
extraneus, from extra. See
Extra/, Strange.] Not belonging
to, or dependent upon, a thing; without or beyond a thing; not
essential or intrinsic; foreign; as, to separate gold from
extraneous matter.
Nothing is admitted extraneous from the
indictment.
Landor.
-- Ex*tra"ne*ous*ly,
adv.
Ex`tra-oc"u*lar (?), a.
(Zo\'94l.) Inserted exterior to the eyes; -- said
of the antenn\'91 of certain insects.
Ex`tra-of*fi"cial (?), a. Not
prescribed by official duty.
Ex*traor"di*na*ri*ly (?), adv.
In an extraordinary manner or degree.
Ex*traor"di*na*ri*ness, n. The quality
of being extraordinary. [R.]
Gov. of the Tongue.
Ex*traor"di*na*ry (?), a. [L.
extraordinarius; extra on the outside +
ordinarius: cf. F. extraordinaire. See
Ordinary.]
1. Beyond or out of the common order or method; not
usual, customary, regular, or ordinary; as,
extraordinary evils; extraordinary
remedies.
Which dispose
To something extraordinary my thoughts.
Milton.
2. Exceeding the common degree, measure. or
condition; hence, remarkable; uncommon; rare; wonderful; as,
extraordinary talents or grandeur.
3. Employed or sent upon an unusual or special
service; as, an ambassador extraordinary.
Ex*traor"di*na*ry, n.; pl.
Extraordinaries (/). That which
is extraordinary; -- used especially in the plural; as,
extraordinaries excepted, there is nothing to prevent
success.
Their extraordinary did consist especially in the
matter of prayers and devotions.
Jer. Taylor.
Ex`tra*pa*ro"chi*al (?), a.
Beyond the limits of a parish. --
Ex`tra*pa*ro"chi*al*ly,
adv.
Ex`tra*phys"i*cal (?), a. Not
subject to physical laws or methods.
Ex`tra*pro*fes"sion*al (?), a.
Foreign to a profession; not within the ordinary limits of
professional duty or business.
Ex`tra*pro*vin"cial (?), a. Not
within of pertaining to the same province or jurisdiction.
Ayliffe.
Ex`tra*reg"u*lar (?), a. Not
comprehended within a rule or rules.
Jer. Taylor.
Ex`tra*sta*pe"di*al (?), a.
(Anat.) Pertaining to a part of the columella of
the ear, which, in many animals, projects beyond the connection
with the stapes. -- n. The
extrastapedial part of columella.
Ex`tra*ter`ri*to"ri*al (?), a.
Beyond the limits of a territory or particular jurisdiction;
exterritorial. --
Ex`tra*ter`ri*to"ri*al*ly(#),
adv.
Ex`tra*ter`ri*to`ri*al"i*ty (?), n.
The state of being beyond the limits of a particular
territory; esp. (Internat. Law), a fiction
by which a public minister, though actually in a foreign country,
is supposed still to remain within the territory of his own
sovereign or nation.
Wheaton.
Ex`tra*trop"ic*al (?), a.
Beyond or outside of the tropics.
Whewell.
Ex`traught" (?), p. p. of
Extract. [Cf. Distraught.]
Extracted; descended. [Obs.]
Knowing whence thou art extraught
Shak.
Ex`tra-u"ter*ine (?), a. (Anat.
& Med.) Outside of the uterus, or womb.
Extra-uterine pregnancy (Med.), a
condition of pregnancy in which the fetus is not in the uterus,
but in the Fallopian tube or in the abdominal cavity.
Ex*trav"a*gance (?), n. [Cf. F.
extravagance. See Extravagant, and cf.
Extravaganza.]
1. A wandering beyond proper limits; an excursion
or sally from the usual way, course, or limit.
2. The state of being extravagant, wild, or
prodigal beyond bounds of propriety or duty; want of moderation;
excess; especially, undue expenditure of money; vaid and
superfluous expense; prodigality; as, extravagance
of anger, love, expression, imagination, demands.
Some verses of my own, Maximin and Almanzor, cry vengeance on
me for their extravagance.
Dryden.
The income of three dukes was enough to supply her
extravagance.
Arbuthnot.
Syn. -- Wildness; irregularity; excess; prodigality;
profusion; waste; lavishness; unreasonableness;
recklessness.
Ex*trav"a*gan*cy (?), n.; pl.
Extravagancies (/).
Extravagance.
Ex*trav"a*gant (?), a. [F.
extravagant, fr. L. extra on the outside +
vagance, /antis, p. pr. of
vagari to wander, from vagus wandering,
vague. See Vague.]
1. Wandering beyond one's bounds; roving; hence,
foreign. [Obs.]
The extravagant and erring spirit hies
To his confine.
Shak.
2. Exceeding due bounds; wild; excessive;
unrestrained; as, extravagant acts, wishes, praise,
abuse.
There appears something nobly wild and extravagant
in great natural geniuses.
Addison.
3. Profuse in expenditure; prodigal; wasteful;
as, an extravagant man.
\'bdExtravagant expense.\'b8
Bancroft.
Ex*trav"a*gant, n. 1. One who
is confined to no general rule.
L'Estrange.
2. pl. (Eccl. Hist.)
Certain constitutions or decretal epistles, not at first
included with others, but subsequently made a part of the canon
law.
Ex*trav"a*gant*ly, adv. In an
extravagant manner; wildly; excessively; profusely.
Ex*trav"a*gant*ness, n. The state of
being extravagant or in excess; excess; extravagance.
Ex*trav`a*gan"za (?), n.
[Extravagance with an Italian ending: cf. It.
stravaganza.] 1. A composition, as
in music, or in the drama, designed to produce effect by its wild
irregularity; esp., a musical caricature.
2. An extravagant flight of sentiment or
language.
Ex*trav"a*gate (?), v. i.
[Pref. extra/ + L. vagatus, p. p. of
vagari to rove. See Extravagant.]
To rove.
Bp. Warburton.
Ex*trav`a*ga"tion (?), n. A
wandering beyond limits; excess. [Obs.]
Smollett.
Ex*trav"a*sate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p.
Extravasated(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Extravasating(?).] [Pref.
extra/ + L. vas vessel: cf. F.
extravaser. See Vase.] To force or
let out of the proper vessels or arteries, as blood.
Ex*trav`a*sa"tion (?), n. [Cf.
F. extravasation.] The act of forcing or
letting out of its proper vessels or ducts, as a fluid; effusion;
as, an extravasation of blood after a rupture of the
vessels.
Ex`tra*vas"cu*lar (?), a.
(Anat.) (a) Outside the vessels; -- said
of the substance of all the tissues. (b)
Destitute of vessels; non-vascular.
Ex*trav"e*nate (?), a. [Pref.
extra/ + L. vena vein.] Let
out of the veins. [Obs.]
\'bdExtravenate blood.\'b8
Glanvill.
Ex`tra*ver"sion (?), n. [Pref.
extra/ + L. vertere, versum,
to turn: cf. F. extraversion.] The act of
throwing out; the state of being turned or thrown out.
[Obs.]
Boyle.
Ex*treat" (?), n. [See
Estreat, Extract.] Extraction.
[Obs.]
Spenser.
Ex*treme" (?), a. [L.
extremus, superl. of exter,
extrus, on the outside, outward: cf. F.
extr\'88me. See Exterior.] 1.
At the utmost point, edge, or border; outermost; utmost;
farthest; most remote; at the widest limit.
2. Last; final; conclusive; -- said of time;
as, the extreme hour of life.
3. The best of worst; most urgent; greatest;
highest; immoderate; excessive; most violent; as, an
extreme case; extreme folly. \'bdThe
extremest remedy.\'b8 Dryden.
\'bdExtreme rapidity.\'b8 Sir W. Scott.
Yet extreme gusts will blow out fire.
Shak.
4. Radical; ultra; as, extreme
opinions.
The Puritans or extreme Protestants.
Gladstone.
5. (Mus.) Extended or contracted as much
as possible; -- said of intervals; as, an extreme
sharp second; an extreme flat forth.
Extreme and mean ratio (Geom.), the
relation of a line and its segments when the line is so divided
that the whole is to the greater segment is to the less. --
Extreme distance. (Paint.) See
Distance., n., 6. -- Extreme
unction. See under Unction.
extremest state.\'b8
Spenser. \'bdExtremest hardships.\'b8
Sharp. \'bdExtremest of evils.\'b8
Bacon. \'bdExtremest verge of the swift
brook.\'b8 Shak. \'bdThe sea's extremest
borders.\'b8 Addison.
Ex*treme", n. 1. The utmost
point or verge; that part which terminates a body;
extremity.
2. Utmost limit or degree that is supposable or
tolerable; hence, furthest degree; any undue departure from the
mean; -- often in the plural: things at an extreme distance from
each other, the most widely different states, etc.; as,
extremes of heat and cold, of virtue and vice;
extremes meet.
His parsimony went to the extreme of meanness.
Bancroft.
3. An extreme state or condition; hence, calamity,
danger, distress, etc. \'bdResolute in most
extremes.\'b8
Shak.
4. (Logic) Either of the extreme terms
of a syllogism, the middle term being interposed between
them.
5. (Math.) The first or the last term of
a proportion or series.
In the extreme as much as possible.
\'bdThe position of the Port was difficult in the
extreme.\'b8
J. P. Peters.
Ex*treme"less (?), a. Having no
extremes; infinite.
Ex*treme"ly, adv. In an extreme manner
or state; in the utmost degree; to the utmost point; exceedingly;
as, extremely hot or cold.
Ex*trem"ist (?), n. A supporter
of extreme doctrines or practice; one who holds extreme
opinions.
Ex*trem"i*ty (?), n.; pl.
Extremities(/). [L.
extremitas: cf. F. extr\'82mit\'82.]
1. The extreme part; the utmost limit; the farthest
or remotest point or part; as, the extremities of a
country.
They sent fleets . . . to the extremities of
Ethiopia.
Arbuthnot.
2. (Zo\'94l.) One of locomotive
appendages of an animal; a limb; a leg or an arm of man.
3. The utmost point; highest degree; most
aggravated or intense form. \'bdThe extremity of
bodily pain.\'b8
Ray.
4. The highest degree of inconvenience, pain, or
suffering; greatest need or peril; extreme need; necessity.
Divers evils and extremities that follow upon such
a compulsion shall here be set in view.
Milton.
Upon mere extremity he summoned this last
Parliament.
Milton.
Syn. -- Verge; border; extreme; end; termination.
Ex"tri*ca*ble (?), a. Capable
of being extricated.
Sir W. Jones.
Ex"tri*cate (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p.
Extricated(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Extricating(?).] [L.
extricatus, p. p. of extricare to
extricate; ex out + tricae trifles,
impediments, perplexities. Cf. Intricate.]
1. To free, as from difficulties or perplexities;
to disentangle; to disembarrass; as, to extricate a
person from debt, peril, etc.
We had now extricated ourselves from the various
labyrinths and defiles.
Eustance.
2. To cause to be emitted or evolved; as, to
extricate heat or moisture.
Syn. -- To disentangle; disembarrass; disengage; relieve;
evolve; set free; liberate.
Ex`tri*ca"tion (?), n. 1.
The act or process of extricating or disentangling; a
freeing from perplexities; disentanglement.
2. The act of sending out or evolving.
Ex*trin"sic (?), a. [L.
extrinsecus; exter on the outside +
secus otherwise, beside; akin to E. second:
cf. F. extrins\'8aque. See Exterior,
Second.]
1. Not contained in or belonging to a body;
external; outward; unessential; -- opposed to
intrinsic.
The extrinsic aids of education and of artificial
culture.
I. Taylor.
2. (Anat.) Attached partly to an organ
or limb and partly to some other part/ -- said of certain
groups of muscles. Opposed to intrinsic.
Ex*trin"sic*al (?), a.
Extrinsic. --
Ex*trin"sic*al*ly(#),
adv.
{ Ex*trin`si*cal"i*ty (?),
Ex*trin"sic*al*ness (?), } n.
The state or quality of being extrinsic.
Ex*tro"i*tive (?), a. [L.
extra on the outside + ire,
itum, to go.] Seeking or going out after
external objects. [R.]<-- extroverted? -->
Their natures being almost wholly extroitive.
Coleridge.
Ex*tror"sal (?), a.
(Bot.) Extrorse.
Ex*trorse" (?), a. [As if from
an assumed L. extrorsus, for extroversus;
extra on the outside + vertere,
versum, to turn: cf. F. extrorse.]
(Bot.) Facing outwards, or away from the axis of
growth; -- said esp. of anthers occupying the outer side of the
filament.
Ex`tro*ver"sion (?), n. [See
Extrorse.] The condition of being turned
wrong side out; as, extroversion of the
bladder.
Dunglison.
Ex*truct" (?), v. t. [L.
extructus, exstructus, p. p. of
extruere, exstruere, to build up;
ex out + struere to build.] To
construct. [Obs.]
Byrom.
Ex*truc"tion (?), n. [L.
exstructio.] A building up;
construction. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
Ex*truct"ive (?), a.
Constructive. [Obs.]
Fulke.
Ex*truct"or (?), n. [L.]
A builder. [Obs.]
Bailey.
Ex*trude" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Extruded; p.
pr. & vb. n. Extruding.] [L.
extrudere, extrusum; ex out +
trudere to thrust, akin to E. threat. See
Threat.] To thrust out; to force, press, or
push out; to expel; to drive off or away. \'bdParentheses
thrown into notes or extruded to the margin.\'b8
Coleridge.
Ex*tru"sion (?), n. The act of
thrusting or pushing out; a driving out; expulsion.
Ex*tu"ber*ance (?), n. A
swelling or rising; protuberance. [R.]
Moxon.
Ex*tu"ber*an*cy (?), n.
Extuberance. [R.]
Ex*tu"ber*ant (?), a. [L.
extuberare.] Swollen out;
protuberant. [R.] \'bdExtuberant
lips.\'b8
Gayton.
Ex*tu"ber*ate (?), v. i. [L.
extuberatus, p. pr. of extuberare to swell;
ex out + tuber a swelling.] To
swell out. [Obs.]
Cockeram.
Ex*tu`ber*a"tion (?), n. [L.
extuberatio.] Protuberance.
[Obs.]
Farindon.
Ex`tu*mes"cence (?), n. [L.
ex. + tumescens, p. pr. of
tumescere, incho. fr. tumere to swell: cf.
F. extumescence.] A swelling or
rising. [R.]
Cotgrave.
Ex*u"ber*ance (?), n. [L.
exuberantia: cf. F. exub\'82rance.]
The state of being exuberant; an overflowing quantity; a
copious or excessive production or supply; superabundance;
richness; as, an exuberance of joy, of fancy, or of
foliage.
Syn. -- Abundance; superabundance; excess; plenty;
copiousness; profusion; richness; overflow; overgrowth; rankness;
wantonness. See Abundance.
Ex*u"ber*an*cy (?), . Exuberance.
Ex*u"ber*ant (?), a. [L.
exuberans, exuberantis, p. pr. of
exuberare to be abundant; ex + uberare to
be fruitful, fr. uber fruitful, fertile,
uber udder: cf. F. exub\'82rant. See
Udder.] Characterized by abundance or
superabundance; plenteous; rich; overflowing; copious or
excessive in production; as, exuberant goodness; an
exuberant intellect; exuberant
foliage. \'bdExuberant spring.\'b8
Thomson. -- Ex*u"ber*ant*ly,
adv.
Ex*u"ber*ate (?), v. i. [L.
exuberatus, p. p. of exuberare. See
Exuberant, n.] To abound; to be in
great abundance. [Obs.]
Boyle.
Ex*uc"cous (?), a. See
Exsuccous. [Obs.]
Ex*u"date (?), v. t. & i. [See
Exude.] To exude. [Obs.]
Sir T. Browne.
Ex`u*da"tion (?), n. The act of
exuding; sweating; a discharge of humors, moisture, juice, or
gum, as through pores or incisions; also, the substance
exuded.
Resins, a class of proximate principles, existing in almost
all plants and appearing on the external surface of many of them
in the form of exudations.
Am. Cyc.
Ex*ude" (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Exuded; p. pr.
& vb. n. exuding.] [L.
exudare, exsudare, exudatum,
exsudatum, to sweat out; ex out +
sudare to sweat: cf. F. exuder,
exsuder. See Sweat.] To discharge
through pores or incisions, as moisture or other liquid matter;
to give out.
Our forests exude turpentine in . . .
abundance.
Dr. T. Dwight.
Ex*ude", v. i. To flow from a body
through the pores, or by a natural discharge, as juice.
Ex*ul"cer*ate (?), v. t. & i.
[L. exulceratus, p. p. of exulcerare
to make sore; ex out + ulcerare. See
Ulcerate.] 1. To ulcerate.
[Obs.] \'bdTo exulcerate the lungs.\'b8
Evelyn.
2. To corrode; to fret; to chafe; to inflame.
[Obs.]
Minds exulcerated in themselves.
Hooker.
Ex*ul"cer*ate (?), a. [L.
exulceratus, p. p.] Very sore;
ulcerated. [Obs.]
Bacon.
Ex*ul`cer*a"tion (?), n. [L.
exulceratio: cf. F. exulc\'82ration.]
[Obs. or R.] 1. Ulceration.
Quincy.
2. A fretting; a festering; soreness.
Hooker.
Ex*ul"cer*a*tive (?), a.
Tending to cause ulcers; exulceratory.
Holland.
Ex*ul"cer*a*to*ry (?), a. [L.
exulceratorius: cf. F.
exulc\'82ratoire.] Having a tendency to
form ulcers; rendering ulcerous.
Ex*ult" (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Exulted; p. pr.
& vb. n. Exulting.] [L.
exultare, exsultare, exultatum,
exsultatum, to leap vigorously, to exult, intens. fr.
exsilire to spring out or up; ex out +
salire to spring, leap: cf. F. exulter. See
Salient.] To be in high spirits;
figuratively, to leap for joy; to rejoice in triumph or
exceedingly; to triumph; as, an exulting
heart. \'bdAn exulting countenance.\'b8
Bancroft.
The dumb shall sing, the lame his crutch forego,
And leap exulting like the bounding roe.
Pope.
{ Ex*ult"ance (?), Ex*ult"an*cy
(?), } n. [L.
exsultantia.] Exultation.
[Obs.]
Burton. Hammond.
Ex*ult"ant (?), a. [L.
exsultans, exsultantis, p. pr. of
exsultare. See Exult.] Inclined to
exult; characterized by, or expressing, exultation; rejoicing
triumphantly.
Break away, exultant, from every defilement.
I. Tay;or.
Ex`ul*ta"tion (?; 277), n. [L.
exsultatio: cf. F. exultation.]
The act of exulting; lively joy at success or victory, or at
any advantage gained; rapturous delight; triumph.
His bosom swelled with exultation.
Prescott.
Ex*ult"ing, a. Rejoicing triumphantly or
exceedingly; exultant. --
Ex*ult"ing*ly, adv.
Ex*un"date (?), v. i. [L.
exundatus, p. p. of exundare to overflow;
ex out + undare. See Undated
waved.] To overflow; to inundate.
[Obs.]
Bailey.
Ex`un*da"tion (?), n. [L.
exundatio.] An overflow, or overflowing
abundance. [R.]
Ray.
Ex*un"gu*late (?), v. t.
[imp. & p. p.
Exungulated(?); p. pr. & vb. n.
Exungulating(?).] [L.
exungulare to lose the hoof, ex out, from +
ungula. See Ungula.] To pare off,
as nails, the hoof, etc. [R.]
Ex*u"per*a*ble (?), a. [L.
exuperabilis, exsuperabilis. See
Exuperate.] Surmountable; superable.
[Obs.]
Johnson.
Ex*u"per*ance (?), n. [L.
exuperantia, exsuperantia.]
Superiority; superfluity. [Obs.]
Sir K. Digby.
Ex*u"per*ant (?), a. [L.
exuperans, exsuperans, p. pr.]
Surpassing; exceeding; surmounting.
[Obs.]
Ex*u"per*ate (?), v. t. [L.
exuperatus, exsuperatus, p. p. of
exuperare, exsuperare to excel;
ex out + superare to go over,
super above, over.] To excel; to
surmount. [Obs.]
Ex*u`per*a"tion (?), n. [See
Exurgent.] The act of rising or coming into
view. [Obs.]
Baxter.
Ex*ur"gent (?), a. [L.
exurgens, exsurgens, p. pr. of
exurgere, exsurgere, to rise up;
ex out + surgere to rise.]
Arising; coming to light. [Obs.]
Ex*us"ci*tate (?), v. t. See
Exsuscitate [Obs.]
T. Adams.
Ex*us"tion (?; 106), n. [L.
exustio, fr. exurere, exustum,
to burn up; ex out + urere to burn.]
The act or operation of burning up.
Bailey.
Ex*u"to*ry (?), n. [Cf. F.
exutoire. See Exuv/e.]
(Med.) An issue.
\'d8Ex*u"vi*a (?), n. sing. of
Exuvi\'91.
Ex*u`vi*a*bil"i*ty (?), n.
Capability of shedding the skin periodically.
Craig.
Ex*u"vi*a*ble (?), a. [Cf. F.
exuviable.] Capable of being cast off in
the form of exuvi\'91.
\'d8Ex*u"vi*\'91, n. pl. [L., fr.
exuere to draw out or off, to pull off.]
1. (Zo\'94l) Cast skins, shells, or
coverings of animals; any parts of animals which are shed or cast
off, as the skins of snakes, the shells of lobsters, etc.
2. (Geol.) The fossil shells and other
remains which animals have left in the strata of the earth.
Ex*u"vi*al (?), a. Of or
pertaining to exuvi\'91. \'bdExuvial layers.\'b8
\'bdExuvial deposits.\'b8
<-- p. 534 -->
Ex*u"vi*ate (?), v. i.
[imp. & p. p. Exuviated, p.
pr. & vb. n. Exuviating.]
(/) [From Exuviae.]
(Zo\'94l.) To shed an old covering or condition
preliminary to taking on a new one; to molt.
There is reason to suppose that very old crayfish do not
exuviate every year.
Huxley.
Ex*u`vi*a"tion (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) The rejecting or casting off of some
part, more particularly, the outer cuticular layer, as the shells
of crustaceans, skins of snakes, etc.; molting; ecdysis.
Ex`-vo"to (?), n.;pl.
Ex-votos (-t\'94z). [L.
ex out of, in accordance with + voto, abl.
of votum a vow.] An offering to a church in
fulfillment of a vow.
Ey (?), n.[AS.\'c6g.
Cf.Eyot.] An island.
[Obs.]
Ey, n.; pl. Eyren
(/). See Egg.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Ey, an interj. of wonder or
inquiry. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
E`ya-let" (?), n. [Turk.,fr.
Ar.iy\'belah.] Formerly, one of the
administrative divisions or provinces of the Ottoman Empire; --
now called a vilayet.
Ey`as (?), n.
[F.niais fresh from the nest, a derivative fr. L.
nidus nest. E. an eyas for a
nias. See Nest, and cf. Nias,
Jashawk.] (Zo\'94l.) A nesting or
unfledged Lird; in falconry, a young hawk from the nest, not able
to pr/y for itself.
Shak J. H. Walsh
Ey"as, a. Jnfledged, or newly
fledged. [Obs.]
Like eyas hawk up mounts unto the skies,
His newly budded pinions assay.
Spebser.
Ey"as*mus`ket (?), n.
[Eyas + muske the brid.] An
unfledged or young male sparrow hawk. [Obs.]
Shak.
Eye (?), n. [Prob. fr.
nye, an eye being for a nye. See
Nye.] (Zo\'94l.) A brood; as,
an eye of pheasants.
Eye (?), n. [OE.
eghe, eighe, eie,
eye, AS. e\'a0ge; akin to OFries.
\'bege, OS. /ga, D. oog, Ohg.
ouga, G. auge, Icel. auga, Sw.
\'94ga, Dan. \'94ie, Goth.
aug/; cf. OSlav. oko, Lish.
akis, L. okulus, Gr. /, eye,
/, the two eyes, Skr. akshi. /10, 212.
Cf. Diasy, Ocular, Optic,
Eyelet, Ogle.] 1. The organ
of sight or vision. In man, and the vertebrates generally, it is
properly the movable ball or globe in the orbit, but the term
often includes the adjacent parts. In most invertebrates the
years are immovable ocelli, or compound eyes made up of numerous
ocelli. See Ocellus.
Description of illustration: a b
Conjunctiva; c Cornea; d Sclerotic;
e Choroid; f Cillary Muscle; g
Cillary Process; h Iris; i Suspensory
Ligament; k Prosterior Aqueous Chamber between
h and i; l Anterior Aqueous
Chamber; m Crystalline Lens; n Vitreous
Humor; o Retina; p Yellow spot;
q Center of blind spot; r Artery of Retina
in center of the Optic Nerve.
sclerotic, to which the muscles
moving it are attached, and which in front changes into the
transparent cornea. A little way back of cornea, the crystalline
lens is suspended, dividing the eye into two unequal cavities, a
smaller one in front filled with a watery fluid, the aqueous
humor, and larger one behind filled with a clear jelly, the
vitreous humor. The sclerotic is lined with a highly
pigmented membrane, the choroid, and this is turn is
lined in the back half of the eyeball with the nearly transparent
retina, in which the fibers of the optic nerve ramify.
The choroid in front is continuous with the iris,
which has a contractile opening in the center, the
pupil, admitting light to the lens which brings the
rays to a focus and forms an image upon the retina, where the
light, falling upon delicate structures called rods and
cones, causes them to stimulate the fibres of the
optic nerve to transmit visual impressions to the
brain.
2. The faculty of seeing; power or range of vision;
hence, judgment or taste in the use of the eye, and in judging of
objects; as, to have the eye of sailor; an
eye for the beautiful or picturesque.
3. The action of the organ of sight; sight, look;
view; ocular knowledge; judgment; opinion.
In my eye, she is the sweetest lady that I looked
on.
Shak.
4. The space commanded by the organ of sight; scope
of vision; hence, face; front; the presence of an object which is
directly opposed or confronted; immediate presence.
We shell express our duty in his eye.
Shak.
Her shell your hear disproved to her eyes.
Shak.
5. Observation; oversight; watch; inspection;
notice; attention; regard. \'bdKeep eyes upon
her.\'b8
Shak.
Booksellers . . . have an eye to their own
advantage.
Addison.
6. That which resembles the organ of sight, in
form, position, or appearance; as: (a)
(Zo\'94l.) The spots on a feather, as of
peacock. (b) The scar to which the adductor
muscle is attached in oysters and other bivalve shells; also, the
adductor muscle itself, esp. when used as food, as in the
scallop. (c) The bud or sprout of a plant or
tuber; as the eye of a potato. (d)
The center of a target; the bull's-eye. (e)
A small loop to receive a hook; as hooks and eyes
on a dress. (f) The hole through the head of
a needle. (g) A loop forming part of
anything, or a hole through anything, to receive a rope, hook,
pin, shaft, etc.; as an eye at the end of a tie bar in
a bridge truss; as an eye through a crank; an
eye at the end of rope. (h) The
hole through the upper millstone.
7. That which resembles the eye in relative
importance or beauty. \'bdThe very eye of that
proverb.\'b8
Shak.
Athens, the eye of Greece, mother of arts.
Milton.
8. Tinge; shade of color. [Obs.]
Red with an eye of blue makes a purple.
Boyle.
By the eye, in abundance.
[Obs.] Marlowe. -- Elliott
eye (Naut.), a loop in a hemp cable
made around a thimble and served. -- Eye agate,
a kind of circle agate, the central part of which are of
deeper tints than the rest of the mass. Brande & C.
-- Eye animalcule (Zo\'94l), a
flagellate infusorian belonging to Euglena and related
genera; -- so called because it has a colored spot like an eye at
one end. -- Eye doctor, an oculist. --
Eye of a volute (Arch.), the circle in
the center of volute. -- Eye of day,
Eye of the morning, Eye of heaven,
the sun. \'bdSo gently shuts the eye day.\'b8
Mrs. Barbauld. -- Eye of a ship, the
foremost part in the bows of a ship, where, formerly, eyes were
painted; also, the hawser holes. Ham. Nav. Encyc.
-- Half an eye, very imperfect sight; a careless
glance; as, to see a thing with half an eye; often
figuratively. \'bdThose who have but half an eye.
\'b8 B. Jonson. -- To catch one's eye,
to attract one's notice. -- To find favor in the
eyes (of), to be graciously received and treated.
-- To have an eye to, to pay particular attention
to; to watch. \'bdHave an eye to Cinna.\'b8
Shak. -- To keep an eye on, to
watch. -- To set the eyes on, to see; to have
a sight of. -- In the eye of the wind
(Naut.), in a direction opposed to the wind;
as, a ship sails in the eye of the
wind.
Eye (/), v. t.
[imp. & p. p. Eyed (/);
p. pr. & vb. n. Eying .] To fix the eye on; to look on; to
view; to observe; particularly, to observe or watch narrowly, or
with fixed attention; to hold in view.
Eye me, blest Providence, and square my trial
To my proportioned strength.
Milton.
Eye, v. i. To appear; to look.
[Obs.]
My becomings kill me, when they do not
Eye well to you.
Shak.
Eye"ball` (?), n. The ball or
globe of the eye.
Eye"bar` (?), n. (Engin.)
A bar with an eye at one or both ends.
Eye"beam` (?), n. A glance of
the eye.
Shak.
Eye"bolt` (?), n. (Mach.)
A bolt which a looped head, or an opening in the head.
Eye"bright` (?), n.
(Bot.) A small annual plant (Euphrasia
officinalis), formerly much used as a remedy for diseases
of the eye.
Eye"brow` (?), n. The brow or
hairy arch above the eye.
Shak.
Eye"cup` (?), n. A small oval
porcelain or glass cup, having a rim curved to fit the orbit of
the eye. it is used in the application of liquid remedies to
eyes; -- called also eyeglass.
Eyed (?), a. Heaving (such or
so many) eyes; -- used in composition; as sharp-eyed;
dull-eyed; sad-eyed; ox-eyed
Juno; myriad-eyed.
Eye"drop" (?), n. A tear.
[Poetic]
Shak.
Eye"flap" (?), n. A blinder on
a horse's bridle.
Eye"ful (?), a. Filling or
satisfying the eye; visible; remarkable.
[Obs.] \'bdEyeful trophies.\'b8
Chapman.
Eye"glance` (?), n. A glance of
eye.
Eye"glass` (?), n. 1.
A lens of glass to assist the sight. Eyeglasses are used
singly or in pairs.
2. Eyepiece of a telescope, microscope, etc.
3. The retina. [Poetic]
4. A glass eyecup. See Eyecup.
Eye"hole` (?), n. A circular
opening to recive a hook, cord, ring, or rope; an eyelet.
Eye"lash` (?), n. 1.
The fringe of hair that edges the eyelid; -- usually in the
pl.
2. A hair of the fringe on the edge of the
eyelid.
Eye"less` (?), a. Without eyes;
blind. \'bdEyeless rage.\'b8
Shak.
Eye"let` (?), n.
[F./, dim. of / eve, fr. L.
oculus. See Eye, and cf.
Oillet.] 1. A small hole or
perforation to receive a cord or fastener, as in garments, sails,
etc.
2. A metal ring or grommet, or short metallic tube,
the ends of which can be bent outward and over to fasten it in
place; -- used to line an eyelet hole.
Eyelet hole, a hole made for an eyelet.
-- Eyelet punch, a machine for punching eyelet
holes and fastening eyelets, as in paper or cloth. --
Eyelet ring. See Eyelet, 2.
Eye`let*eer" (?), n. A small,
sharp-pointed instrument used in piercing eyelet holes; a
stiletto.
Eye`lid" (?), n. (Anat.)
The cover of the eye; that portion of movable skin with
which an animal covers or uncovers the eyeball at pleasure.
Ey"en (?), n. pl. Eyes.
[Obs.] Chaucer. Spenser.
Eye"piece` (?), n. (Opt.)
The lens, or combination of lenses, at the eye end of a
telescope or other optical instrument, through which the image
formed by the mirror or object glass is viewed.
Collimating eyepiece. See under
Collimate. -- Negative, or
Huyghenian, eyepiece, an
eyepiece consisting of two plano-convex lenses with their curved
surfaces turned toward the object glass, and separated from each
other by about half the sum of their focal distances, the image
viewed by the eye being formed between the two lenses. it was
devised by Huyghens, who applied it to the telescope. Campani
applied it to the microscope, whence it is sometimes called
Campani's eyepiece. -- Positive
eyepiece, an eyepiece consisting of two plano-convex
lenses placed with their curved surfaces toward each other, and
separated by a distance somewhat less than the focal distance of
the one nearest eye, the image of the object viewed being beyond
both lenses; -- called also, from the name of the inventor,
Ramsden's eyepiece. --
terrestrial, or Erecting
eyepiece, an eyepiece used in telescopes for
viewing terrestrial objects, consisting of three, or usually
four, lenses, so arranged as to present the image of the object
viewed in an erect position.
Ey"er (?), n. One who eyes
another.
Gayton.
Ey"reach` (?), n. The range or
reach of the eye; eyeshot. \'bdA seat in
eyereach of him.\'b8
B. Jonson.
Eye"*saint` (?), n. An object
of interest to the eye; one wirehaired with the eyes.
[Obs.]
That's the eye-saint, I know,
Among young gallants.
Beau. & Fl.
Eye"salve` (?), n. Ointment for
the eye.
Eye"serv`ant (?), n. A servant
who attends faithfully to his duty only when watched.
Eye"serv`ice (?), n. Service
performed only under inspection, or the eye of an employer.
Not with eyeservice, as menpleasers.
Col. iii. 22.
Eye"shot` (?), n. Range, reach,
or glance of the eye; view; sight; as, to be out of
eyeshot.
Dryden.
Eye"sight` (?), n. Sight of the
eye; the sense of seeing; view; observation.
Josephus sets this down from his own eyesight.
Bp. Wilkins.
Eye"sore` (?), n. Something
offensive to the eye or sight; a blemish.
Mordecai was an eyesore to Haman.
L'Estrange.
Eye"*splice` (?), n.
(Naut.) A splice formed by bending a rope's and
back, and fastening it into the rope, forming a loop or eye. See
Illust. under Splice.
Eye"*spot` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) (a) A simple visual organ
found in many invertebrates, consisting of pigment cells covering
a sensory nerve termination. (b) An eyelike
spot of color.
Eye"*spot`ted (?), a. Marked
with spots like eyes.
Junno's bird, in her eye-spotted train.
Spenser.
Eye"stalk` (?), n.
(Zo\'94l.) One of the movable peduncles which, in
the decapod Crustacea, bear the eyes at the tip.
Eye"stone` (?), n. 1.
A small, lenticular, calcareous body, esp. an operculum of a
small shell of the family Tubinid/, used to remove a
foreign sub stance from the eye. It is rut into the inner corner
of the eye under the lid, and allowed to work its way out at the
outer corner, bringing with the substance.
2. (Min.) Eye agate. See under
Eye.
Eye"string` (?), n. The tendon
by which the eye is moved.
Shak.
Ey"et (?), n. An island. See
Eyot.
Eye"tooth (?), n.; pl.
Eyeteeth (/) (Anat.)
A canine tooth of the upper jaw. See Teeth.
To cut one's eyeteeth, to become acute or
knowing. [Colloq.]
Eye"wa`ter (?), n. (Med.)
A wash or lotion for application to the eyes.
Eye"wink` (?), n. A wink; a
token.
Shak.
Eye"wink`er (?), n. An
eyelash. [A child's word.]
Eye"wit`ness (?), n. One who
sees a thing done; one who has ocular view anything.
We . . . were eyewitnesses of his majesty.
2 Pet. i. 16.
Ey"ghen (?), n. pl. Eyes.
[Obs.]
Chaucer.
Eyehgt (?), n. An island. See
Eyot.
Eyle (?) v. t.& i. To
ail. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
Ey"il-ad (?), n. See
(Eiliad.
{ Eyne (?), Ey"en
(?) }, n. Plural of
eye; / obsolete, or used only in
poetry.
Shak.
With such a plaintive gaze their eyne
Are fastened upwardly on mine.
Mrs. Browning.
Ey"ot (?), n. [Ey
(AS. \'c6g or Icel. ey) + F. dim.
termination -ot; cf. AS. \'c6geo. See
Island, and cf. Ait.] A little
island in a river or lake. See Ait.
[Written also ait, ayt,
eey, eyet, and eyght.]
Blackstone.
Eyr (?), n. [See
Air.] Air. [Obs.]
Chaucer.
\'d8Ey"ra (?), n. [Native South
American name.] (Zo\'94l.) A wild cat
(Felis eyra) ranging from southern Brazil to Texas. It
is reddish yellow and about the size of the domestic cat, but
with a more slender body and shorter legs.
Eyre (?), n. [OF.
erre journey, march, way, fr. L. iter,
itineris, a going, way, fr. the root of ire
to go. Cf. Errant, Itinerant,
Issue.] (O. Eng. Law) A journey in
circuit of certain judges called justices in eyre (or
in itinere).
Ey"ren (?), n. pl. See
Ey, an egg.
{ Ey"rie, Ey"ry (?) },
n.; pl>. Ey"ries (#).
[See Aerie] The nest of a bird of prey
or other large bird that builds in a lofty place; aerie.
The eagle and the stork
On cliffs and cedar tops their eyries build.
Milton.
Ey"sell (?), n. Same as
Eisel. [Obs.]
Shak.
<-- p. 535 -->