************************************************************************** Security Bulletin 9709 DISA Defense Communications System May 2, 1997 Published by: DISN Security Coordination Center (SCC@NIC.MIL) 1-(800) 365-3642 DEFENSE INFORMATION SYSTEM NETWORK SECURITY BULLETIN The DISN SECURITY BULLETIN is distributed by the DISN SCC (Security Coordination Center) under DISA contract as a means of communicating information on network and host security exposures, fixes, and concerns to security and management personnel at DISN facilities. Back issues may be obtained via FTP from NIC.MIL [207.132.116.5] using login="anonymous" and password="guest". The bulletin pathname is scc/sec-yynn.txt (where "yy" is the year the bulletin is issued and "nn" is a bulletin number, e.g. scc/sec-9615.txt). They are also available on our WWW site at http://nic.mil. ************************************************************************** + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + ! ! ! The following important advisory was issued by the Computer ! ! Emergency Response Team (CERT) and is being relayed unedited ! ! via the Defense Information Systems Agency's Security ! ! Coordination Center distribution system as a means of ! ! providing DISN subscribers with useful security information. ! ! ! + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + ============================================================================= -----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- ============================================================================= CERT* Advisory CA-97.11 Original issue date: May 1, 1997 Last revised: -- Topic: Vulnerability in libXt - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- There have been discussions on public mailing lists about buffer overflows in the Xt library of the X Windowing System made freely available by The Open Group (and previously by the now-defunct X Consortium). The specific problem outlined in those discussions was a buffer overflow condition in the Xt library, and the file xc/lib/Xt/Error.c. Exploitation scripts were made available. Since then (the latter half of 1996), The Open Group has extensively reviewed the source code for the entire distribution to address the potential for further buffer overflow conditions. These conditions can make it possible for a local user to execute arbitrary instructions as a privileged user without authorization. The programs that pose a potential threat to sites are those programs that have been built from source code prior to X11 Release 6.3 and have setuid or setgid bits set. Some third-party vendors distribute derivatives of the X Window System, and if you use a distribution that includes X tools that have setuid or setgid bits set, you may be vulnerable as well. The CERT/CC team recommends upgrading to X11 Release 6.3 or installing a patch from your vendor. If you cannot do one of these, then as a last resort we recommend that you remove the setuid or setgid bits from any executable files contained in your distribution of X; this may have an adverse effect on some system operations. We will update this advisory as we receive additional information. Please check advisory files regularly for updates that relate to your site. - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- I. Description There have been discussions on public mailing lists about buffer overflows in the Xt library of the X Windowing System made freely available by The Open Group (and previously by the now-defunct X Consortium). During these discussions, exploitation scripts were made available for some platforms.** The specific problem outlined in those discussions was a buffer overflow condition in the Xt library and the file xc/lib/Xt/Error.c. It was possible for a user to execute arbitrary instructions as a privileged user using a program built by this distribution with setuid or setgid bits set. Note that in this case a root compromise was only possible when programs built from this distribution (e.g., xterm) were setuid root. Since then The Open Group has extensively reviewed the source code for the entire distribution to address the potential for further buffer overflow condition. If you use a distribution of the X Windowing System earlier than X11 Release 6.3 that you downloaded and compiled yourself, we encourage you to take the steps outlined in either Section IV A or C. If you use third-party vendor-supplied distributions of the X Windowing System containing setuid root programs, we encourage you to take the steps outlined in Sections IV B or C. ** Note: Discussions of this specific instance of the vulnerability appeared on mailing lists during the second half of 1996. Exploitation scripts were made public at that time. II. Impact Platforms that have X applications built with the setuid or setgid bits set may be vulnerable to buffer overflow conditions. These conditions can make it possible for a local user to execute arbitrary instructions as a privileged user without authorization. Access to an account on the system is necessary for exploitation. III. Finding Potentially Vulnerable Distributions A. For Sites That Download and Build Their Own Distributions As discussed earlier, the programs that pose a potential threat to sites are those programs that have been built from source code, prior to X11 Release 6.3 and have setuid or setgid bits set. Sites that have downloaded the X source code from the X Consortium should be able to identify such programs by looking in the directory hierarchy defined by the "ProjectRoot" constant described in the xc/config/cf/site.def file in the source code distribution. The default is /usr/X11R6.3. The X11R6.3 Installation Guide states: "ProjectRoot The destination where X will be installed. This variable needs to be set before you build, as some programs that read files at run-time have the installation directory compiled in to them. Assuming you have set the variable to some value /path, files will be installed into /path/bin, /path/include/X11, /path/lib, and /path/man." B. For Vendor-Supplied Distributions Some third-party vendors distribute derivatives of the X Window System. If you use a distribution that includes X tools that have setuid or setgid bits set, then you may need to apply Solution B or C in Section IV. If you use a distribution that does not have setuid or setgid bits enabled on any X tools, then you do not need to take any of the steps listed below. Below is a list of vendors who have provided information about this problem. If your vendor's name is not on this list and you need clarification, you should check directly with your vendor. IV. Solution If any X tools that you are using are potentially vulnerable (see Section III), we encourage you to take one of the following steps. If the setuid or setgid bits are not enabled on any of the tools in your distribution, you do not need to take any of the steps listed below. For distributions that were built directly from the source code supplied by The Open Group (and previously by the X Consortium), we encourage you to apply either Solutions A or C. For vendor-supplied distributions, we encourage you to apply either Solutions B or C. A. Upgrade to X11 Release 6.3 If you download and build your own distributions directly from the source code, we encourage you to install the latest version, X11 Release 6.3. The source code can be obtained from ftp://ftp.x.org/pub/R6.3/tars/xc-1.tar.gz ftp://ftp.x.org/pub/R6.3/tars/xc-2.tar.gz ftp://ftp.x.org/pub/R6.3/tars/xc-3.tar.gz Note that these distributions are very large. The compressed files consume about 40M of disk space. The uncompressed tar files consume about 150M of disk space. B. Install a patch from your vendor Below is a list of vendors who have provided information about this problem. Details are in Appendix A of this advisory; we will update the appendix as we receive more information. If your vendor's name is not on this list, the CERT/CC did not hear from that vendor. Please contact your vendor directly. Berkeley Software Design, Inc. (BSDI) Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) FreeBSD, Inc. Hewlett-Packard Company IBM Corporation NEC Corporation NeXT Software, Inc. The Open Group (formerly OSF/X Consortium) The Santa Cruz Operation, Inc. (SCO) Sun Microsystems, Inc. C. Remove the setuid bit from affected programs If you are unable to apply Solutions A or B, then as a last resort we recommend removing the setuid or setgid bits from the executable files in your distribution of X. Note that this may have an adverse effect on some system operations. For instance, on some systems the xlock program needs to have the setuid bit enabled so that the shadow password file can be read to unlock the screen. By removing the setuid bit from this program, you remove the ability of the xlock program to read the shadow password file. This means that particular version of the xlock program should not be used at all, or it should be killed from another terminal when necessary. ........................................................................... Appendix A - Vendor Information Below is a list of the vendors who have provided information for this advisory. We will update this appendix as we receive additional information. If you do not see your vendor's name, the CERT/CC did not hear from that vendor. Please contact the vendor directly. Berkeley Software Design, Inc. (BSDI) ===================================== We released a patch for this for the 2.1 BSD/OS release, and it's already fixed in our current release. Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) =================================== At the time of writing this document, patches(binary kits) are in progress and final testing is expected to begin soon. Digital will provide notice of the completion/availability of the patches through AES services (DIA, DSNlink FLASH) and be available from your normal Digital Support channel. FreeBSD, Inc. ============= We're aware of the problem and are trying to correct it with a new release of the Xt library. Hewlett-Packard Company ======================= For HP-UX, Install the applicable patches: PHSS_10167 9.X X11R5/Motif1.2 Runtime PHSS_10168 9.X X11R5/Motif1.2 Development PHSS_9809 10.0X/10.10 X11R5/Motif1.2 Runtime PHSS_9810 10.0X/10.10 X11R5/Motif1.2 Development PHSS_10688 10.20 X11R5/Motif1.2 Runtime PHSS_9813 10.20 X11R5/Motif1.2 Development PHSS_10789 10.20 X11R6/Motif1.2 Runtime PHSS_9815 10.20 X11R6/Motif1.2 Development Apply the library patches and relink any suid/sgid programs that are linked with the archived version of libXt. IBM Corporation =============== See the appropriate release below to determine your action. AIX 3.2 ------- Apply the following fix to your system: APAR - IX61784,IX67047,IX66713 (PTF - U445908,U447740) To determine if you have this PTF on your system, run the following command: lslpp -lB U445908 U447740 AIX 4.1 ------- Apply the following fix to your system: APAR - IX61031 IX66736 IX66449 To determine if you have this APAR on your system, run the following command: instfix -ik IX61031 IX66736 IX66449 Or run the following command: lslpp -h X11.base.lib Your version of X11.base.lib should be 4.1.5.2 or later. AIX 4.2 ------- Apply the following fix to your system: APAR - IX66824 IX66352 To determine if you have this APAR on your system, run the following command: instfix -ik IX66824 IX66352 Or run the following command: lslpp -h X11.base.lib Your version of X11.base.lib should be 4.2.1.0 or later. To Order -------- APARs may be ordered using Electronic Fix Distribution (via FixDist) or from the IBM Support Center. For more information on FixDist, reference URL: http://service.software.ibm.com/aixsupport/ or send e-mail to aixserv@austin.ibm.com with a subject of "FixDist". IBM and AIX are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation. NEC Corporation =============== EWS-UX/V(Rel4.2) R7.x - R10.x vulnerable EWS-UX/V(Rel4.2MP) R10.x vulnerable UP-UX/V(Rel4.2MP) R5.x - R7.x vulnerable UX/4800 R11.x - current vulnerable Patches for this vulnerability are in progress. For further information, please contact by e-mail: UX48-security-support@nec.co.jp NeXT Software, Inc. =================== X-Windows is not part of any NextStep or OpenStep release. We are not vulnerable to this problem. The Open Group (formerly OSF/X Consortium) ================================ Not vulnerable. The Santa Cruz Operation, Inc. (SCO) ==================================== We are investigating this problem and will provide updated information for this advisory when it becomes available. Sun Microsystems, Inc. ====================== We are investigating. - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- The CERT Coordination Center staff thanks Kaleb Keithley of The Open Group for helping us understand the nature and scope of this problem. - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- If you believe that your system has been compromised, contact the CERT Coordination Center or your representative in the Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams (see http://www.first.org/team-info). CERT/CC Contact Information - ---------------------------- Email cert@cert.org Phone +1 412-268-7090 (24-hour hotline) CERT personnel answer 8:30-5:00 p.m. EST(GMT-5) / EDT(GMT-4) and are on call for emergencies during other hours. Fax +1 412-268-6989 Postal address CERT Coordination Center Software Engineering Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890 USA Using encryption We strongly urge you to encrypt sensitive information sent by email. We can support a shared DES key or PGP. Contact the CERT/CC for more information. Location of CERT PGP key ftp://info.cert.org/pub/CERT_PGP.key Getting security information CERT publications and other security information are available from http://www.cert.org/ ftp://info.cert.org/pub/ CERT advisories and bulletins are also posted on the USENET newsgroup comp.security.announce To be added to our mailing list for advisories and bulletins, send email to cert-advisory-request@cert.org In the subject line, type SUBSCRIBE your-email-address - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Copyright 1997 Carnegie Mellon University This material may be reproduced and distributed without permission provided it is used for noncommercial purposes and the copyright statement is included. * Registered U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- This file: ftp://info.cert.org/pub/cert_advisories/CA-97.11.libXt http://www.cert.org click on "CERT Advisories" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Revision history -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: 2.6.2 iQCVAwUBM2jZ0HVP+x0t4w7BAQF/mgQAiOuQpYFwRVpcf7rLzqqWyb5yGvjDhCF5 8crSkCNWZbLyLT3ya0oJ/XZ8p2z42pajLeAxXb4t0/DCU+hkpjlc7c9VdAZWASAl D2/hMAX1DVZ+0W33sUYmH9xc+2u6ziqGH7nRWPoVJu6jAfztS+bGcqu89SYuOeqL ao9sptXSal0= =fEvY -----END PGP SIGNATURE----- **************************************************************************** * * * The point of contact for NIPRNET security-related incidents is the * * ASSIST: * * * * E-mail address: ASSIST@ASSIST.MIL * * * * Telephone: 1-(800)-357-4231 (24 hours/day) * * * * You may also contact the Security Coordination Center (SCC) at the * * NIC: * * * * E-mail address: SCC@NIC.MIL * * * * Telephone: 1-(800)-365-3642 * * * * NIC Help Desk personnel are available from 7:00 a.m.-7:00 p.m. EST, * * Monday through Friday except on federal holidays. * * * **************************************************************************** PLEASE NOTE: Some users outside of the DOD computing communities may receive DISN Security Bulletins. If you are not part of the DOD community, please contact your agency's incident response team to report incidents. Your agency's team will coordinate with DOD. The Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams (FIRST) is a world-wide organization. A list of FIRST member organizations and their constituencies can be obtained by sending email to docserver@first.org with an empty subject line and a message body containing the line: send first-contacts. This document was prepared as an service to the DOD community. Neither the United States Government nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. 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